{"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:11Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","publisher":"The Royal Society","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","id":"9847","status":"public"},{"status":"public","id":"202","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Effects of mutations in phage restriction sites during escape from restriction–modification","day":"01","type":"journal_article","pmid":1,"date_updated":"2023-09-07T11:59:32Z","month":"12","article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"12","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Restriction–modification systems are widespread genetic elements that protect bacteria from bacteriophage infections by recognizing and cleaving heterologous DNA at short, well-defined sequences called restriction sites. Bioinformatic evidence shows that restriction sites are significantly underrepresented in bacteriophage genomes, presumably because bacteriophages with fewer restriction sites are more likely to escape cleavage by restriction–modification systems. However, how mutations in restriction sites affect the likelihood of bacteriophage escape is unknown. Using the bacteriophage l and the restriction–modification system EcoRI, we show that while mutation effects at different restriction sites are unequal, they are independent. As a result, the probability of bacteriophage escape increases with each mutated restriction site. Our results experimentally support the role of restriction site avoidance as a response to selection imposed by restriction–modification systems and offer an insight into the events underlying the process of bacteriophage escape."}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646"}],"department":[{"_id":"CaGu"}],"publist_id":"7253","volume":13,"intvolume":"        13","year":"2017","acknowledgement":"This work was funded by an HFSP Young Investigators' grant RGY0079/2011 (C.C.G.). M.P. is a recipient of a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Science at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","project":[{"grant_number":"RGY0079/2011","_id":"251BCBEC-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Multi-Level Conflicts in Evolutionary Dynamics of Restriction-Modification Systems (HFSP Young investigators' grant)"},{"grant_number":"24210","name":"Effects of Stochasticity on the Function of Restriction-Modi cation Systems at the Single-Cell Level (DOC Fellowship)","_id":"251D65D8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646","publication":"Biology Letters","author":[{"full_name":"Pleska, Maros","id":"4569785E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Maros","last_name":"Pleska","orcid":"0000-0001-7460-7479"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6220-2052","first_name":"Calin C","last_name":"Guet","id":"47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Guet, Calin C"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1744-9561"]},"external_id":{"pmid":["29237814"]},"article_type":"original","citation":{"short":"M. Pleska, C.C. Guet, Biology Letters 13 (2017).","ama":"Pleska M, Guet CC. Effects of mutations in phage restriction sites during escape from restriction–modification. <i>Biology Letters</i>. 2017;13(12). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646\">10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646</a>","apa":"Pleska, M., &#38; Guet, C. C. (2017). Effects of mutations in phage restriction sites during escape from restriction–modification. <i>Biology Letters</i>. The Royal Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646</a>","chicago":"Pleska, Maros, and Calin C Guet. “Effects of Mutations in Phage Restriction Sites during Escape from Restriction–Modification.” <i>Biology Letters</i>. The Royal Society, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646</a>.","ista":"Pleska M, Guet CC. 2017. Effects of mutations in phage restriction sites during escape from restriction–modification. Biology Letters. 13(12), 20170646.","ieee":"M. Pleska and C. C. Guet, “Effects of mutations in phage restriction sites during escape from restriction–modification,” <i>Biology Letters</i>, vol. 13, no. 12. The Royal Society, 2017.","mla":"Pleska, Maros, and Calin C. Guet. “Effects of Mutations in Phage Restriction Sites during Escape from Restriction–Modification.” <i>Biology Letters</i>, vol. 13, no. 12, 20170646, The Royal Society, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646\">10.1098/rsbl.2017.0646</a>."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"561","article_number":"20170646"}