{"article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","title":"Efficient and inexpensive sodium magnesium hybrid battery","page":"7452 - 7458","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:52Z","abstract":[{"text":"We present a hybrid intercalation battery based on a sodium/magnesium (Na/Mg) dual salt electrolyte, metallic magnesium anode, and a cathode based on FeS2 nanocrystals (NCs). Compared to lithium or sodium, metallic magnesium anode is safer due to dendrite-free electroplating and offers extremely high volumetric (3833 mAh cm-3) and gravimetric capacities (2205 mAh g-1). Na-ion cathodes, FeS2 NCs in the present study, may serve as attractive alternatives to Mg-ion cathodes due to the higher voltage of operation and fast, highly reversible insertion of Na-ions. In this proof-of-concept study, electrochemical cycling of the Na/Mg hybrid battery was characterized by high rate capability, high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%, and high energy density. In particular, with an average discharge voltage of ∼1.1 V and a cathodic capacity of 189 mAh g-1 at a current of 200 mA g-1, the presented Mg/FeS2 hybrid battery delivers energy densities of up to 210 Wh kg-1, comparable to commercial Li-ion batteries and approximately twice as high as state-of-the-art Mg-ion batteries based on Mo6S8 cathodes. Further significant gains in the energy density are expected from the development of Na/Mg electrolytes with a broader electrochemical stability window. Fully based on Earth-abundant elements, hybrid Na-Mg batteries are highly promising for large-scale stationary energy storage. ","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"333","day":"16","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","author":[{"first_name":"Marc","full_name":"Walter, Marc","last_name":"Walter"},{"full_name":"Kravchyk, Kostiantyn","last_name":"Kravchyk","first_name":"Kostiantyn"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-5013-2843","full_name":"Ibáñez, Maria","last_name":"Ibáñez","first_name":"Maria","id":"43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Maksym","full_name":"Kovalenko, Maksym","last_name":"Kovalenko"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"ACS","intvolume":"        27","month":"10","extern":"1","year":"2015","citation":{"ama":"Walter M, Kravchyk K, Ibáñez M, Kovalenko M. Efficient and inexpensive sodium magnesium hybrid battery. <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>. 2015;27(21):7452-7458. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531\">10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531</a>","ista":"Walter M, Kravchyk K, Ibáñez M, Kovalenko M. 2015. Efficient and inexpensive sodium magnesium hybrid battery. Chemistry of Materials. 27(21), 7452–7458.","ieee":"M. Walter, K. Kravchyk, M. Ibáñez, and M. Kovalenko, “Efficient and inexpensive sodium magnesium hybrid battery,” <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>, vol. 27, no. 21. ACS, pp. 7452–7458, 2015.","chicago":"Walter, Marc, Kostiantyn Kravchyk, Maria Ibáñez, and Maksym Kovalenko. “Efficient and Inexpensive Sodium Magnesium Hybrid Battery.” <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>. ACS, 2015. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531</a>.","short":"M. Walter, K. Kravchyk, M. Ibáñez, M. Kovalenko, Chemistry of Materials 27 (2015) 7452–7458.","mla":"Walter, Marc, et al. “Efficient and Inexpensive Sodium Magnesium Hybrid Battery.” <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>, vol. 27, no. 21, ACS, 2015, pp. 7452–58, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531\">10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531</a>.","apa":"Walter, M., Kravchyk, K., Ibáñez, M., &#38; Kovalenko, M. (2015). Efficient and inexpensive sodium magnesium hybrid battery. <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>. ACS. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03531</a>"},"date_published":"2015-10-16T00:00:00Z","volume":27,"type":"journal_article","publist_id":"7507","publication":"Chemistry of Materials","date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:42:42Z","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","status":"public","issue":"21"}