{"date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:41:16Z","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"month":"06","day":"28","type":"journal_article","file":[{"file_name":"IST-2015-386-v1+1_journal.pgen.1002803.pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"system","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","checksum":"f8506fb579eda6fc5613ba9bf421b86a","file_size":2674138,"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:12:52Z","file_id":"4973","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:01Z"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Essential genes code for fundamental cellular functions required for the viability of an organism. For this reason, essential genes are often highly conserved across organisms. However, this is not always the case: orthologues of genes that are essential in one organism are sometimes not essential in other organisms or are absent from their genomes. This suggests that, in the course of evolution, essential genes can be rendered nonessential. How can a gene become non-essential? Here we used genetic manipulation to deplete the products of 26 different essential genes in Escherichia coli. This depletion results in a lethal phenotype, which could often be rescued by the overexpression of a non-homologous, non-essential gene, most likely through replacement of the essential function. We also show that, in a smaller number of cases, the essential genes can be fully deleted from the genome, suggesting that complete functional replacement is possible. Finally, we show that essential genes whose function can be replaced in the laboratory are more likely to be non-essential or not present in other taxa. These results are consistent with the notion that patterns of evolutionary conservation of essential genes are influenced by their compensability-that is, by how easily they can be functionally replaced, for example through increased expression of other genes.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"CaGu"}],"issue":"6","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2012-06-28T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":1,"publisher":"Public Library of Science","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:34Z","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Patterns of evolutionary conservation of essential genes correlate with their compensability","publication":"PLoS Genetics","author":[{"id":"2C471CFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Bergmiller, Tobias","last_name":"Bergmiller","first_name":"Tobias","orcid":"0000-0001-5396-4346"},{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Ackermann","full_name":"Ackermann, Martin"},{"full_name":"Silander, Olin","first_name":"Olin","last_name":"Silander"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803","_id":"3130","article_number":"e1002803","pubrep_id":"386","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"citation":{"short":"T. Bergmiller, M. Ackermann, O. Silander, PLoS Genetics 8 (2012).","ama":"Bergmiller T, Ackermann M, Silander O. Patterns of evolutionary conservation of essential genes correlate with their compensability. <i>PLoS Genetics</i>. 2012;8(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803\">10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803</a>","apa":"Bergmiller, T., Ackermann, M., &#38; Silander, O. (2012). Patterns of evolutionary conservation of essential genes correlate with their compensability. <i>PLoS Genetics</i>. Public Library of Science. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803\">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803</a>","ista":"Bergmiller T, Ackermann M, Silander O. 2012. Patterns of evolutionary conservation of essential genes correlate with their compensability. PLoS Genetics. 8(6), e1002803.","chicago":"Bergmiller, Tobias, Martin Ackermann, and Olin Silander. “Patterns of Evolutionary Conservation of Essential Genes Correlate with Their Compensability.” <i>PLoS Genetics</i>. Public Library of Science, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803\">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803</a>.","ieee":"T. Bergmiller, M. Ackermann, and O. Silander, “Patterns of evolutionary conservation of essential genes correlate with their compensability,” <i>PLoS Genetics</i>, vol. 8, no. 6. Public Library of Science, 2012.","mla":"Bergmiller, Tobias, et al. “Patterns of Evolutionary Conservation of Essential Genes Correlate with Their Compensability.” <i>PLoS Genetics</i>, vol. 8, no. 6, e1002803, Public Library of Science, 2012, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803\">10.1371/journal.pgen.1002803</a>."},"year":"2012","publist_id":"3567","volume":8,"intvolume":"         8","ddc":["576"],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:01Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Alex Boehm for discussions and comments."}