{"keyword":["Multidisciplinary"],"acknowledgement":"We thank the John Innes Centre Bioimaging Facility (S. Lopez, E. Wegel, and K. Findlay) for their assistance with microscopy and the Norwich BioScience Institute Partnership Computing Infrastructure for Science Group for high-performance computing resources. Funding: This work was funded by a European Research Council Starting Grant (“SexMeth” 804981; J.L., J.W., and X.F.), a Sainsbury Charitable Foundation studentship (J.W.), two Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) grants (BBS0096201 and BBP0135111; W.S., M.V., and X.F.), two John Innes Foundation studentships (B.A. and S.D.), and a BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship (BBL0250431; H.G. and X.F.). Author contributions: J.L., J.W., and X.F. designed the study and wrote the manuscript; J.L., W.S., B.A., H.G., and S.D. performed the experiments; and J.L., J.W., B.A., H.G., S.D., M.V., and X.F. analyzed the data. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data and material availability: All sequencing data have been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) under accession no. GSE161625. Accession nos. of published datasets used in this study are listed in table S6. Published software used in this study include Bowtie v1.2.2 (https://doi.org/10.1002/0471250953.bi1107s32), Bismark v0.22.2 (https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr167), Kallisto v0.43.0 (https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0816-888d), Shortstack v3.8.5 (https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.116.030452), and Cutadapt v1.15 (https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2017.0096). TrimGalore v0.4.1 and MarkDuplicates v1.141 are available from https://github.com/FelixKrueger/TrimGalore and https://github.com/broadinstitute/picard, respectively. All remaining data are in the main paper or the supplementary materials.","intvolume":"       373","volume":373,"year":"2021","article_type":"original","citation":{"mla":"Long, Jincheng, et al. “Nurse Cell--Derived Small RNAs Define Paternal Epigenetic Inheritance in Arabidopsis.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 373, no. 6550, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556\">10.1126/science.abh0556</a>.","ieee":"J. Long <i>et al.</i>, “Nurse cell--derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 373, no. 6550. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2021.","ama":"Long J, Walker J, She W, et al. Nurse cell--derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis. <i>Science</i>. 2021;373(6550). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556\">10.1126/science.abh0556</a>","apa":"Long, J., Walker, J., She, W., Aldridge, B., Gao, H., Deans, S., … Feng, X. (2021). Nurse cell--derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis. <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556</a>","ista":"Long J, Walker J, She W, Aldridge B, Gao H, Deans S, Vickers M, Feng X. 2021. Nurse cell--derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis. Science. 373(6550).","chicago":"Long, Jincheng, James Walker, Wenjing She, Billy Aldridge, Hongbo Gao, Samuel Deans, Martin Vickers, and Xiaoqi Feng. “Nurse Cell--Derived Small RNAs Define Paternal Epigenetic Inheritance in Arabidopsis.” <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556</a>.","short":"J. Long, J. Walker, W. She, B. Aldridge, H. Gao, S. Deans, M. Vickers, X. Feng, Science 373 (2021)."},"_id":"12187","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Long","first_name":"Jincheng","full_name":"Long, Jincheng"},{"full_name":"Walker, James","first_name":"James","last_name":"Walker"},{"first_name":"Wenjing","last_name":"She","full_name":"She, Wenjing"},{"full_name":"Aldridge, Billy","first_name":"Billy","last_name":"Aldridge"},{"full_name":"Gao, Hongbo","last_name":"Gao","first_name":"Hongbo"},{"full_name":"Deans, Samuel","last_name":"Deans","first_name":"Samuel"},{"last_name":"Vickers","first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Vickers, Martin"},{"first_name":"Xiaoqi","last_name":"Feng","full_name":"Feng, Xiaoqi","id":"e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958","orcid":"0000-0002-4008-1234"}],"publication":"Science","doi":"10.1126/science.abh0556","external_id":{"pmid":["34210850"]},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0036-8075","1095-9203"]},"title":"Nurse cell--derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","oa_version":"None","date_created":"2023-01-16T09:15:14Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","scopus_import":"1","publication_status":"published","extern":"1","date_published":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","issue":"6550","department":[{"_id":"XiFe"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Genomes of germ cells present an existential vulnerability to organisms because germ cell mutations will propagate to future generations. Transposable elements are one source of such mutations. In the small flowering plant Arabidopsis, Long et al. found that genome methylation in the male germline is directed by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) imperfectly transcribed from transposons (see the Perspective by Mosher). These germline siRNAs silence germline transposons and establish inherited methylation patterns in sperm, thus maintaining the integrity of the plant genome across generations."}],"type":"journal_article","day":"02","month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","date_updated":"2023-05-08T10:56:39Z","pmid":1}