{"issue":"36","date_published":"2022-08-29T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"Selection accumulates information in the genome—it guides stochastically evolving populations toward states (genotype frequencies) that would be unlikely under neutrality. This can be quantified as the Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence between the actual distribution of genotype frequencies and the corresponding neutral distribution. First, we show that this population-level information sets an upper bound on the information at the level of genotype and phenotype, limiting how precisely they can be specified by selection. Next, we study how the accumulation and maintenance of information is limited by the cost of selection, measured as the genetic load or the relative fitness variance, both of which we connect to the control-theoretic KL cost of control. The information accumulation rate is upper bounded by the population size times the cost of selection. This bound is very general, and applies across models (Wright–Fisher, Moran, diffusion) and to arbitrary forms of selection, mutation, and recombination. Finally, the cost of maintaining information depends on how it is encoded: Specifying a single allele out of two is expensive, but one bit encoded among many weakly specified loci (as in a polygenic trait) is cheap.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"NiBa"},{"_id":"GaTk"}],"day":"29","file":[{"date_updated":"2022-09-12T08:08:12Z","date_created":"2022-09-12T08:08:12Z","file_size":2165752,"file_id":"12091","success":1,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"6dec51f6567da9039982a571508a8e4d","file_name":"2022_PNAS_Hledik.pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"type":"journal_article","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"date_updated":"2024-03-06T14:22:51Z","pmid":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"08","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"15020","relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public"}]},"status":"public","title":"Accumulation and maintenance of information in evolution","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","date_created":"2022-09-11T22:01:55Z","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","ec_funded":1,"article_type":"original","citation":{"short":"M. Hledik, N.H. Barton, G. Tkačik, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119 (2022).","ista":"Hledik M, Barton NH, Tkačik G. 2022. Accumulation and maintenance of information in evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119(36), e2123152119.","chicago":"Hledik, Michal, Nicholas H Barton, and Gašper Tkačik. “Accumulation and Maintenance of Information in Evolution.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123152119\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123152119</a>.","apa":"Hledik, M., Barton, N. H., &#38; Tkačik, G. (2022). Accumulation and maintenance of information in evolution. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123152119\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123152119</a>","ama":"Hledik M, Barton NH, Tkačik G. Accumulation and maintenance of information in evolution. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. 2022;119(36). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123152119\">10.1073/pnas.2123152119</a>","ieee":"M. Hledik, N. H. Barton, and G. Tkačik, “Accumulation and maintenance of information in evolution,” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, vol. 119, no. 36. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022.","mla":"Hledik, Michal, et al. “Accumulation and Maintenance of Information in Evolution.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, vol. 119, no. 36, e2123152119, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2123152119\">10.1073/pnas.2123152119</a>."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"12081","article_number":"e2123152119","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2123152119","publication":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","has_accepted_license":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Michal","last_name":"Hledik","full_name":"Hledik, Michal","id":"4171253A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton"},{"orcid":"1","full_name":"Tkačik, Gašper","id":"3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Gašper","last_name":"Tkačik"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0027-8424"],"eissn":["1091-6490"]},"external_id":{"pmid":["36037343"],"isi":["000889278400014"]},"file_date_updated":"2022-09-12T08:08:12Z","isi":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank Ksenia Khudiakova, Wiktor Młynarski, Sean Stankowski, and two anonymous reviewers for discussions and comments on the manuscript. G.T. and M.H. acknowledge funding from the Human Frontier Science Program Grant RGP0032/2018. N.B. acknowledges funding from ERC Grant 250152 “Information and Evolution.”","ddc":["570"],"project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"250152"},{"grant_number":"RGP0034/2018","name":"Can evolution minimize spurious signaling crosstalk to reach optimal performance?","_id":"2665AAFE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"volume":119,"intvolume":"       119","year":"2022"}