{"quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","title":"The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical measurements of typical star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.5","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.06263"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","issue":"2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":"       471","day":"01","year":"2017","publisher":"Oxford University Press","article_type":"original","date_published":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: evolution","galaxies: high-redshift","galaxies: kinematics and dynamics"],"_id":"11573","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stx1366","author":[{"last_name":"Turner","full_name":"Turner, O. J.","first_name":"O. J."},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Cirasuolo, M.","last_name":"Cirasuolo"},{"last_name":"Harrison","full_name":"Harrison, C. M.","first_name":"C. M."},{"full_name":"McLure, R. J.","first_name":"R. J.","last_name":"McLure"},{"last_name":"Dunlop","first_name":"J. S.","full_name":"Dunlop, J. S."},{"last_name":"Swinbank","first_name":"A. M.","full_name":"Swinbank, A. M."},{"full_name":"Johnson, H. L.","first_name":"H. L.","last_name":"Johnson"},{"first_name":"D.","full_name":"Sobral, D.","last_name":"Sobral"},{"first_name":"Jorryt J","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720"},{"first_name":"R. M.","full_name":"Sharples, R. M.","last_name":"Sharples"}],"abstract":[{"text":"We present dynamical measurements from the KMOS (K-band multi-object spectrograph) Deep Survey (KDS), which comprises 77 typical star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.5 in the mass range 9.0 < log (M⋆/M⊙) < 10.5. These measurements constrain the internal dynamics, the intrinsic velocity dispersions (σint) and rotation velocities (VC) of galaxies in the high-redshift Universe. The mean velocity dispersion of the galaxies in our sample is σint=70.8+3.3−3.1kms−1⁠, revealing that the increasing average σint with increasing redshift, reported for z ≲ 2, continues out to z ≃ 3.5. Only 36 ± 8 per cent of our galaxies are rotation-dominated (VC/σint > 1), with the sample average VC/σint value much smaller than at lower redshift. After carefully selecting comparable star-forming samples at multiple epochs, we find that the rotation-dominated fraction evolves with redshift with a z−0.2 dependence. The rotation-dominated KDS galaxies show no clear offset from the local rotation velocity–stellar mass (i.e. VC–M⋆) relation, although a smaller fraction of the galaxies are on the relation due to the increase in the dispersion-dominated fraction. These observations are consistent with a simple equilibrium model picture, in which random motions are boosted in high-redshift galaxies by a combination of the increasing gas fractions, accretion efficiency, specific star formation rate and stellar feedback and which may provide significant pressure support against gravity on the galactic disc scale.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","extern":"1","type":"journal_article","date_updated":"2022-08-19T08:07:31Z","volume":471,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["1704.06263"]},"status":"public","page":"1280-1320","oa":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","acknowledgement":"We wish to thank the anonymous referee for their comments, which have improved the quality and clarity of this work. OJT acknowledges the financial support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council through a studentship award. MC and OJT acknowledge the KMOS team and all the personnel of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope for outstanding support during the KMOS GTO observations. CMH, AMS and RMS acknowledge the Science and Technology Facilities Council through grant code ST/L00075X/1. RJM acknowledges the support of the European Research Council via the award of a Consolidator Grant (PI: McLure). JSD acknowledges the support of the European Research Council via the award of an Advanced Grant (PI J. Dunlop), and the contribution of the EC FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP (Ref.No: 312725). AMS acknowledges the Leverhulme Foundation. JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden University. DS acknowledges financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific research (NWO) through a Veni fellowship and from FCT through an FCT Investigator Starting Grant and Start-up Grant (IF/01154/2012/CP0189/CT0010). This work is based on observations taken by the CANDELS Multi-Cycle Treasury Program with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work is based on observations taken by the 3D HST Treasury Program (GO 12177 and 12328) with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Based on data obtained with the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope, Paranal, Chile, under Large Program 185.A-0791, and made available by the VUDS team at the CESAM data centre, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, France. Based on observations obtained at the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory. Programme IDs: 092.A 0399(A), 093.A-0122(A,B), 094.A-0214(A,B),095.A0680(A,B),096.A-0315(A,B,C).","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"10","date_created":"2022-07-13T10:03:01Z","citation":{"ista":"Turner OJ, Cirasuolo M, Harrison CM, McLure RJ, Dunlop JS, Swinbank AM, Johnson HL, Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Sharples RM. 2017. The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical measurements of typical star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.5. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 471(2), 1280–1320.","chicago":"Turner, O. J., M. Cirasuolo, C. M. Harrison, R. J. McLure, J. S. Dunlop, A. M. Swinbank, H. L. Johnson, D. Sobral, Jorryt J Matthee, and R. M. Sharples. “The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical Measurements of Typical Star-Forming Galaxies at z ≃ 3.5.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1366\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1366</a>.","apa":"Turner, O. J., Cirasuolo, M., Harrison, C. M., McLure, R. J., Dunlop, J. S., Swinbank, A. M., … Sharples, R. M. (2017). The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical measurements of typical star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.5. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1366\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1366</a>","short":"O.J. Turner, M. Cirasuolo, C.M. Harrison, R.J. McLure, J.S. Dunlop, A.M. Swinbank, H.L. Johnson, D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, R.M. Sharples, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 471 (2017) 1280–1320.","ama":"Turner OJ, Cirasuolo M, Harrison CM, et al. The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical measurements of typical star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.5. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2017;471(2):1280-1320. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1366\">10.1093/mnras/stx1366</a>","mla":"Turner, O. J., et al. “The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical Measurements of Typical Star-Forming Galaxies at z ≃ 3.5.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 471, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2017, pp. 1280–320, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1366\">10.1093/mnras/stx1366</a>.","ieee":"O. J. Turner <i>et al.</i>, “The KMOS Deep Survey (KDS) – I. Dynamical measurements of typical star-forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.5,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 471, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1280–1320, 2017."}}