[{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["20411723"]},"date_updated":"2024-02-21T13:47:47Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","scopus_import":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["29133797"]},"year":"2017","oa_version":"Published Version","has_accepted_license":"1","publist_id":"7190","article_type":"original","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","volume":8,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pubrep_id":"910","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:20Z","issue":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"614","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) usually have a pair of differentiated WZ sex chromosomes. However, in most lineages outside of the division Ditrysia, as well as in the sister order Trichoptera, females lack a W chromosome. The W is therefore thought to have been acquired secondarily. Here we compare the genomes of three Lepidoptera species (one Dytrisia and two non-Dytrisia) to test three models accounting for the origin of the W: (1) a Z-autosome fusion; (2) a sex chromosome turnover; and (3) a non-canonical mechanism (e.g., through the recruitment of a B chromosome). We show that the gene content of the Z is highly conserved across Lepidoptera (rejecting a sex chromosome turnover) and that very few genes moved onto the Z in the common ancestor of the Ditrysia (arguing against a Z-autosome fusion). Our comparative genomics analysis therefore supports the secondary acquisition of the Lepidoptera W by a non-canonical mechanism, and it confirms the extreme stability of well-differentiated sex chromosomes."}],"article_number":"1486","file":[{"date_created":"2020-03-03T15:55:50Z","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_id":"7562","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:20Z","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"4da2651303c8afc2f7fc419be42a2433","file_name":"2017_NatureComm_Fraisse.pdf","creator":"dernst","file_size":1201520}],"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"popular_science","id":"7163","status":"public"}]},"project":[{"name":"Sex chromosome evolution under male- and female- heterogamety","grant_number":"P28842-B22","_id":"250ED89C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"pmid":1,"ddc":["570","576"],"doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"The deep conservation of the Lepidoptera Z chromosome suggests a non canonical origin of the W","citation":{"short":"C. Fraisse, M.A.L. Picard, B. Vicoso, Nature Communications 8 (2017).","ama":"Fraisse C, Picard MAL, Vicoso B. The deep conservation of the Lepidoptera Z chromosome suggests a non canonical origin of the W. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2017;8(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5\">10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5</a>","apa":"Fraisse, C., Picard, M. A. L., &#38; Vicoso, B. (2017). The deep conservation of the Lepidoptera Z chromosome suggests a non canonical origin of the W. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5</a>","chicago":"Fraisse, Christelle, Marion A L Picard, and Beatriz Vicoso. “The Deep Conservation of the Lepidoptera Z Chromosome Suggests a Non Canonical Origin of the W.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5</a>.","ista":"Fraisse C, Picard MAL, Vicoso B. 2017. The deep conservation of the Lepidoptera Z chromosome suggests a non canonical origin of the W. Nature Communications. 8(1), 1486.","ieee":"C. Fraisse, M. A. L. Picard, and B. Vicoso, “The deep conservation of the Lepidoptera Z chromosome suggests a non canonical origin of the W,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 8, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, 2017.","mla":"Fraisse, Christelle, et al. “The Deep Conservation of the Lepidoptera Z Chromosome Suggests a Non Canonical Origin of the W.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 8, no. 1, 1486, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5\">10.1038/s41467-017-01663-5</a>."},"type":"journal_article","author":[{"last_name":"Fraisse","first_name":"Christelle","full_name":"Fraisse, Christelle","orcid":"0000-0001-8441-5075","id":"32DF5794-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Marion A","full_name":"Picard, Marion A","last_name":"Picard","id":"2C921A7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8101-2518"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-4579-8306","id":"49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Beatriz","full_name":"Vicoso, Beatriz","last_name":"Vicoso"}],"day":"01","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","status":"public","intvolume":"         8","department":[{"_id":"BeVi"},{"_id":"NiBa"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Nature Communications","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:30Z","month":"12"},{"_id":"626","date_published":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","abstract":[{"text":"Our focus here is on the infinitesimal model. In this model, one or several quantitative traits are described as the sum of a genetic and a non-genetic component, the first being distributed within families as a normal random variable centred at the average of the parental genetic components, and with a variance independent of the parental traits. Thus, the variance that segregates within families is not perturbed by selection, and can be predicted from the variance components. This does not necessarily imply that the trait distribution across the whole population should be Gaussian, and indeed selection or population structure may have a substantial effect on the overall trait distribution. One of our main aims is to identify some general conditions on the allelic effects for the infinitesimal model to be accurate. We first review the long history of the infinitesimal model in quantitative genetics. Then we formulate the model at the phenotypic level in terms of individual trait values and relationships between individuals, but including different evolutionary processes: genetic drift, recombination, selection, mutation, population structure, …. We give a range of examples of its application to evolutionary questions related to stabilising selection, assortative mating, effective population size and response to selection, habitat preference and speciation. We provide a mathematical justification of the model as the limit as the number M of underlying loci tends to infinity of a model with Mendelian inheritance, mutation and environmental noise, when the genetic component of the trait is purely additive. We also show how the model generalises to include epistatic effects. We prove in particular that, within each family, the genetic components of the individual trait values in the current generation are indeed normally distributed with a variance independent of ancestral traits, up to an error of order 1∕M. Simulations suggest that in some cases the convergence may be as fast as 1∕M.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"file_size":1133924,"creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2017-908-v1+1_1-s2.0-S0040580917300886-main_1_.pdf","checksum":"7dd02bfcfe8f244f4a6c19091aedf2c8","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:25Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"4964","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:12:45Z"}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","volume":118,"pubrep_id":"908","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:25Z","year":"2017","oa_version":"Published Version","has_accepted_license":"1","publist_id":"7169","publication_identifier":{"issn":["00405809"]},"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:06:50Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","scopus_import":1,"page":"50 - 73","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:34Z","month":"12","publisher":"Academic Press","intvolume":"       118","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Theoretical Population Biology","title":"The infinitesimal model: Definition derivation and implications","ec_funded":1,"citation":{"short":"N.H. Barton, A. Etheridge, A. Véber, Theoretical Population Biology 118 (2017) 50–73.","apa":"Barton, N. H., Etheridge, A., &#38; Véber, A. (2017). The infinitesimal model: Definition derivation and implications. <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>. Academic Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001</a>","ama":"Barton NH, Etheridge A, Véber A. The infinitesimal model: Definition derivation and implications. <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>. 2017;118:50-73. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001\">10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001</a>","ista":"Barton NH, Etheridge A, Véber A. 2017. The infinitesimal model: Definition derivation and implications. Theoretical Population Biology. 118, 50–73.","ieee":"N. H. Barton, A. Etheridge, and A. Véber, “The infinitesimal model: Definition derivation and implications,” <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>, vol. 118. Academic Press, pp. 50–73, 2017.","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H, Alison Etheridge, and Amandine Véber. “The Infinitesimal Model: Definition Derivation and Implications.” <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>. Academic Press, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001</a>.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H., et al. “The Infinitesimal Model: Definition Derivation and Implications.” <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>, vol. 118, Academic Press, 2017, pp. 50–73, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001\">10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001</a>."},"type":"journal_article","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barton","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H"},{"last_name":"Etheridge","full_name":"Etheridge, Alison","first_name":"Alison"},{"full_name":"Véber, Amandine","first_name":"Amandine","last_name":"Véber"}],"day":"01","project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"250152","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.tpb.2017.06.001","ddc":["576"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"title":"Bacterial herd and social immunity to phages","citation":{"mla":"Payne, Pavel. <i>Bacterial Herd and Social Immunity to Phages</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017.","ieee":"P. Payne, “Bacterial herd and social immunity to phages,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017.","ista":"Payne P. 2017. Bacterial herd and social immunity to phages. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Payne, Pavel. “Bacterial Herd and Social Immunity to Phages.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017.","apa":"Payne, P. (2017). <i>Bacterial herd and social immunity to phages</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Payne P. Bacterial herd and social immunity to phages. 2017.","short":"P. Payne, Bacterial Herd and Social Immunity to Phages, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2017."},"type":"dissertation","author":[{"last_name":"Payne","full_name":"Payne, Pavel","first_name":"Pavel","id":"35F78294-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2711-9453"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"year":"2017","day":"01","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"ddc":["570"],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","date_updated":"2023-09-07T12:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","page":"83","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Bollback","first_name":"Jonathan P","full_name":"Bollback, Jonathan P","id":"2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4624-4612"},{"full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"_id":"6291","date_published":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T15:16:45Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Bacteria and their pathogens – phages – are the most abundant living entities on Earth. Throughout their coevolution, bacteria have evolved multiple immune systems to overcome the ubiquitous threat from the phages. Although the molecu- lar details of these immune systems’ functions are relatively well understood, their epidemiological consequences for the phage-bacterial communities have been largely neglected. In this thesis we employed both experimental and theoretical methods to explore whether herd and social immunity may arise in bacterial popu- lations. Using our experimental system consisting of Escherichia coli strains with a CRISPR based immunity to the T7 phage we show that herd immunity arises in phage-bacterial communities and that it is accentuated when the populations are spatially structured. By fitting a mathematical model, we inferred expressions for the herd immunity threshold and the velocity of spread of a phage epidemic in partially resistant bacterial populations, which both depend on the bacterial growth rate, phage burst size and phage latent period. We also investigated the poten- tial for social immunity in Streptococcus thermophilus and its phage 2972 using a bioinformatic analysis of potentially coding short open reading frames with a signalling signature, encoded within the CRISPR associated genes. Subsequently, we tested one identified potentially signalling peptide and found that its addition to a phage-challenged culture increases probability of survival of bacteria two fold, although the results were only marginally significant. Together, these results demonstrate that the ubiquitous arms races between bacteria and phages have further consequences at the level of the population."}],"month":"02","file":[{"relation":"main_file","file_id":"6292","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2019-04-09T15:15:32Z","creator":"dernst","file_size":3025175,"file_name":"thesis_pavel_payne_final_w_signature_page.pdf","checksum":"a0fc5c26a89c0ea759947ffba87d0d8f","access_level":"closed","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:27Z"},{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_id":"9187","date_created":"2021-02-22T13:45:59Z","success":1,"file_name":"2017_Payne_Thesis.pdf","file_size":3111536,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"af531e921a7f64a9e0af4cd8783b2226","date_updated":"2021-02-22T13:45:59Z","access_level":"open_access"}],"oa":1,"degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","status":"public","file_date_updated":"2021-02-22T13:45:59Z","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"},{"_id":"JoBo"}]},{"pubrep_id":"658","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"volume":78,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:44Z","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","date_published":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"1336","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) form a popular optimisation paradigm inspired by natural evolution. In recent years the field of evolutionary computation has developed a rigorous analytical theory to analyse the runtimes of EAs on many illustrative problems. Here we apply this theory to a simple model of natural evolution. In the Strong Selection Weak Mutation (SSWM) evolutionary regime the time between occurrences of new mutations is much longer than the time it takes for a mutated genotype to take over the population. In this situation, the population only contains copies of one genotype and evolution can be modelled as a stochastic process evolving one genotype by means of mutation and selection between the resident and the mutated genotype. The probability of accepting the mutated genotype then depends on the change in fitness. We study this process, SSWM, from an algorithmic perspective, quantifying its expected optimisation time for various parameters and investigating differences to a similar evolutionary algorithm, the well-known (1+1) EA. We show that SSWM can have a moderate advantage over the (1+1) EA at crossing fitness valleys and study an example where SSWM outperforms the (1+1) EA by taking advantage of information on the fitness gradient."}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"4805","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:10:19Z","file_name":"IST-2016-658-v1+1_s00453-016-0212-1.pdf","file_size":710206,"creator":"system","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:44Z","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"7873f665a0c598ac747c908f34cb14b9"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"2","publication_identifier":{"issn":["01784617"]},"scopus_import":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000400379500013"]},"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","date_updated":"2023-09-20T11:14:42Z","has_accepted_license":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2017","publist_id":"5931","intvolume":"        78","status":"public","publication":"Algorithmica","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"},{"_id":"CaGu"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"publisher":"Springer","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:27Z","month":"06","page":"681 - 713","doi":"10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1","ddc":["576"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"618091","name":"Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"author":[{"id":"2C5658E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2361-3953","full_name":"Paixao, Tiago","first_name":"Tiago","last_name":"Paixao"},{"first_name":"Jorge","full_name":"Pérez Heredia, Jorge","last_name":"Pérez Heredia"},{"last_name":"Sudholt","full_name":"Sudholt, Dirk","first_name":"Dirk"},{"last_name":"Trubenova","full_name":"Trubenova, Barbora","first_name":"Barbora","orcid":"0000-0002-6873-2967","id":"42302D54-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"01","title":"Towards a runtime comparison of natural and artificial evolution","citation":{"chicago":"Paixao, Tiago, Jorge Pérez Heredia, Dirk Sudholt, and Barbora Trubenova. “Towards a Runtime Comparison of Natural and Artificial Evolution.” <i>Algorithmica</i>. Springer, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1</a>.","ieee":"T. Paixao, J. Pérez Heredia, D. Sudholt, and B. Trubenova, “Towards a runtime comparison of natural and artificial evolution,” <i>Algorithmica</i>, vol. 78, no. 2. Springer, pp. 681–713, 2017.","ista":"Paixao T, Pérez Heredia J, Sudholt D, Trubenova B. 2017. Towards a runtime comparison of natural and artificial evolution. Algorithmica. 78(2), 681–713.","mla":"Paixao, Tiago, et al. “Towards a Runtime Comparison of Natural and Artificial Evolution.” <i>Algorithmica</i>, vol. 78, no. 2, Springer, 2017, pp. 681–713, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1\">10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1</a>.","short":"T. Paixao, J. Pérez Heredia, D. Sudholt, B. Trubenova, Algorithmica 78 (2017) 681–713.","ama":"Paixao T, Pérez Heredia J, Sudholt D, Trubenova B. Towards a runtime comparison of natural and artificial evolution. <i>Algorithmica</i>. 2017;78(2):681-713. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1\">10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1</a>","apa":"Paixao, T., Pérez Heredia, J., Sudholt, D., &#38; Trubenova, B. (2017). Towards a runtime comparison of natural and artificial evolution. <i>Algorithmica</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0212-1</a>"},"ec_funded":1},{"oa_version":"Published Version","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2017","publist_id":"5898","publication_identifier":{"issn":["00015903"]},"date_updated":"2025-05-28T11:57:04Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","external_id":{"isi":["000414343200003"]},"scopus_import":"1","issue":"8","article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"1351","abstract":[{"text":"The behaviour of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is typically analysed using simulation-based statistical testing-like methods. In this paper, we demonstrate that we can replace this approach by a formal verification-like method that gives higher assurance and scalability. We focus on Wagner’s weighted GRN model with varying weights, which is used in evolutionary biology. In the model, weight parameters represent the gene interaction strength that may change due to genetic mutations. For a property of interest, we synthesise the constraints over the parameter space that represent the set of GRNs satisfying the property. We experimentally show that our parameter synthesis procedure computes the mutational robustness of GRNs—an important problem of interest in evolutionary biology—more efficiently than the classical simulation method. We specify the property in linear temporal logic. We employ symbolic bounded model checking and SMT solving to compute the space of GRNs that satisfy the property, which amounts to synthesizing a set of linear constraints on the weights.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"checksum":"4e661d9135d7f8c342e8e258dee76f3e","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:46Z","file_size":755241,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2017_ActaInformatica_Giacobbe.pdf","date_created":"2019-01-17T15:57:29Z","file_id":"5841","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","volume":54,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pubrep_id":"649","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:46Z","title":"Model checking the evolution of gene regulatory networks","ec_funded":1,"citation":{"chicago":"Giacobbe, Mirco, Calin C Guet, Ashutosh Gupta, Thomas A Henzinger, Tiago Paixao, and Tatjana Petrov. “Model Checking the Evolution of Gene Regulatory Networks.” <i>Acta Informatica</i>. Springer, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x</a>.","ista":"Giacobbe M, Guet CC, Gupta A, Henzinger TA, Paixao T, Petrov T. 2017. Model checking the evolution of gene regulatory networks. Acta Informatica. 54(8), 765–787.","ieee":"M. Giacobbe, C. C. Guet, A. Gupta, T. A. Henzinger, T. Paixao, and T. Petrov, “Model checking the evolution of gene regulatory networks,” <i>Acta Informatica</i>, vol. 54, no. 8. Springer, pp. 765–787, 2017.","mla":"Giacobbe, Mirco, et al. “Model Checking the Evolution of Gene Regulatory Networks.” <i>Acta Informatica</i>, vol. 54, no. 8, Springer, 2017, pp. 765–87, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x\">10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x</a>.","short":"M. Giacobbe, C.C. Guet, A. Gupta, T.A. Henzinger, T. Paixao, T. Petrov, Acta Informatica 54 (2017) 765–787.","ama":"Giacobbe M, Guet CC, Gupta A, Henzinger TA, Paixao T, Petrov T. Model checking the evolution of gene regulatory networks. <i>Acta Informatica</i>. 2017;54(8):765-787. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x\">10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x</a>","apa":"Giacobbe, M., Guet, C. C., Gupta, A., Henzinger, T. A., Paixao, T., &#38; Petrov, T. (2017). Model checking the evolution of gene regulatory networks. <i>Acta Informatica</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x</a>"},"author":[{"id":"3444EA5E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8180-0904","last_name":"Giacobbe","first_name":"Mirco","full_name":"Giacobbe, Mirco"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6220-2052","id":"47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Guet","full_name":"Guet, Calin C","first_name":"Calin C"},{"last_name":"Gupta","full_name":"Gupta, Ashutosh","first_name":"Ashutosh","id":"335E5684-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A"},{"full_name":"Paixao, Tiago","first_name":"Tiago","last_name":"Paixao","id":"2C5658E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2361-3953"},{"first_name":"Tatjana","full_name":"Petrov, Tatjana","last_name":"Petrov","id":"3D5811FC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-9041-0905"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"01","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"1835","relation":"earlier_version","status":"public"}]},"project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"267989","name":"Quantitative Reactive Modeling"},{"_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"S 11407_N23","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering"},{"_id":"25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"Z211","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize"},{"grant_number":"618091","name":"Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"grant_number":"291734","name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"grant_number":"250152","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"doi":"10.1007/s00236-016-0278-x","ddc":["006","576"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"765 - 787","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:32Z","month":"12","isi":1,"publisher":"Springer","intvolume":"        54","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"ToHe"},{"_id":"CaGu"},{"_id":"NiBa"}],"publication":"Acta Informatica"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"2","date_published":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"910","abstract":[{"text":"Frequency-independent selection is generally considered as a force that acts to reduce the genetic variation in evolving populations, yet rigorous arguments for this idea are scarce. When selection fluctuates in time, it is unclear whether frequency-independent selection may maintain genetic polymorphism without invoking additional mechanisms. We show that constant frequency-independent selection with arbitrary epistasis on a well-mixed haploid population eliminates genetic variation if we assume linkage equilibrium between alleles. To this end, we introduce the notion of frequency-independent selection at the level of alleles, which is sufficient to prove our claim and contains the notion of frequency-independent selection on haploids. When selection and recombination are weak but of the same order, there may be strong linkage disequilibrium; numerical calculations show that stable equilibria are highly unlikely. Using the example of a diallelic two-locus model, we then demonstrate that frequency-independent selection that fluctuates in time can maintain stable polymorphism if linkage disequilibrium changes its sign periodically. We put our findings in the context of results from the existing literature and point out those scenarios in which the possible role of frequency-independent selection in maintaining genetic variation remains unclear.\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"file_name":"IST-2018-974-v1+1_manuscript.pdf","file_size":494268,"creator":"system","checksum":"f7c32dabf52e6d9e709d9203761e39fd","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:15Z","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5264","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:17:12Z"}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","pubrep_id":"974","volume":207,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:15Z","year":"2017","oa_version":"Submitted Version","has_accepted_license":"1","publist_id":"6533","scopus_import":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000412232600019"]},"date_updated":"2023-09-26T15:49:15Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","page":"653 - 668","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:09Z","month":"10","isi":1,"publisher":"Genetics Society of America","status":"public","intvolume":"       207","publication":"Genetics","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"title":"When does frequency-independent selection maintain genetic variation?","citation":{"short":"S. Novak, N.H. Barton, Genetics 207 (2017) 653–668.","ama":"Novak S, Barton NH. When does frequency-independent selection maintain genetic variation? <i>Genetics</i>. 2017;207(2):653-668. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300129\">10.1534/genetics.117.300129</a>","apa":"Novak, S., &#38; Barton, N. H. (2017). When does frequency-independent selection maintain genetic variation? <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300129\">https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300129</a>","chicago":"Novak, Sebastian, and Nicholas H Barton. “When Does Frequency-Independent Selection Maintain Genetic Variation?” <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300129\">https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300129</a>.","ieee":"S. Novak and N. H. Barton, “When does frequency-independent selection maintain genetic variation?,” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 207, no. 2. Genetics Society of America, pp. 653–668, 2017.","ista":"Novak S, Barton NH. 2017. When does frequency-independent selection maintain genetic variation? Genetics. 207(2), 653–668.","mla":"Novak, Sebastian, and Nicholas H. Barton. “When Does Frequency-Independent Selection Maintain Genetic Variation?” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 207, no. 2, Genetics Society of America, 2017, pp. 653–68, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300129\">10.1534/genetics.117.300129</a>."},"ec_funded":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Sebastian","full_name":"Novak, Sebastian","last_name":"Novak","orcid":"0000-0002-2519-824X","id":"461468AE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"01","project":[{"grant_number":"618091","name":"Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"doi":"10.1534/genetics.117.300129","ddc":["576"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"publist_id":"6464","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2017","has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2023-09-22T10:02:52Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","external_id":{"isi":["000402520000012"]},"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["15449173"]},"issue":"5","article_processing_charge":"No","file":[{"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:30Z","file_id":"4691","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","checksum":"107d290bd1159ec77b734eb2824b01c8","file_size":5541206,"creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2017-843-v1+1_journal.pbio.2001894.pdf"}],"article_number":"e2001894","_id":"951","date_published":"2017-05-30T00:00:00Z","abstract":[{"text":"Dengue-suppressing Wolbachia strains are promising tools for arbovirus control, particularly as they have the potential to self-spread following local introductions. To test this, we followed the frequency of the transinfected Wolbachia strain wMel through Ae. aegypti in Cairns, Australia, following releases at 3 nonisolated locations within the city in early 2013. Spatial spread was analysed graphically using interpolation and by fitting a statistical model describing the position and width of the wave. For the larger 2 of the 3 releases (covering 0.97 km2 and 0.52 km2), we observed slow but steady spatial spread, at about 100–200 m per year, roughly consistent with theoretical predictions. In contrast, the smallest release (0.11 km2) produced erratic temporal and spatial dynamics, with little evidence of spread after 2 years. This is consistent with the prediction concerning fitness-decreasing Wolbachia transinfections that a minimum release area is needed to achieve stable local establishment and spread in continuous habitats. Our graphical and likelihood analyses produced broadly consistent estimates of wave speed and wave width. Spread at all sites was spatially heterogeneous, suggesting that environmental heterogeneity will affect large-scale Wolbachia transformations of urban mosquito populations. The persistence and spread of Wolbachia in release areas meeting minimum area requirements indicates the promise of successful large-scale population transfo","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","volume":15,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pubrep_id":"843","citation":{"short":"T. Schmidt, N.H. Barton, G. Rasic, A. Turley, B. Montgomery, I. Iturbe Ormaetxe, P. Cook, P. Ryan, S. Ritchie, A. Hoffmann, S. O’Neill, M. Turelli, PLoS Biology 15 (2017).","ama":"Schmidt T, Barton NH, Rasic G, et al. Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti. <i>PLoS Biology</i>. 2017;15(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894\">10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894</a>","apa":"Schmidt, T., Barton, N. H., Rasic, G., Turley, A., Montgomery, B., Iturbe Ormaetxe, I., … Turelli, M. (2017). Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti. <i>PLoS Biology</i>. Public Library of Science. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894\">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894</a>","chicago":"Schmidt, Tom, Nicholas H Barton, Gordana Rasic, Andrew Turley, Brian Montgomery, Inaki Iturbe Ormaetxe, Peter Cook, et al. “Local Introduction and Heterogeneous Spatial Spread of Dengue-Suppressing Wolbachia through an Urban Population of Aedes Aegypti.” <i>PLoS Biology</i>. Public Library of Science, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894\">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894</a>.","ieee":"T. Schmidt <i>et al.</i>, “Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti,” <i>PLoS Biology</i>, vol. 15, no. 5. Public Library of Science, 2017.","ista":"Schmidt T, Barton NH, Rasic G, Turley A, Montgomery B, Iturbe Ormaetxe I, Cook P, Ryan P, Ritchie S, Hoffmann A, O’Neill S, Turelli M. 2017. Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti. PLoS Biology. 15(5), e2001894.","mla":"Schmidt, Tom, et al. “Local Introduction and Heterogeneous Spatial Spread of Dengue-Suppressing Wolbachia through an Urban Population of Aedes Aegypti.” <i>PLoS Biology</i>, vol. 15, no. 5, e2001894, Public Library of Science, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894\">10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894</a>."},"title":"Local introduction and heterogeneous spatial spread of dengue-suppressing Wolbachia through an urban population of Aedes Aegypti","day":"30","author":[{"last_name":"Schmidt","first_name":"Tom","full_name":"Schmidt, Tom"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton"},{"full_name":"Rasic, Gordana","first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Rasic"},{"last_name":"Turley","full_name":"Turley, Andrew","first_name":"Andrew"},{"last_name":"Montgomery","full_name":"Montgomery, Brian","first_name":"Brian"},{"last_name":"Iturbe Ormaetxe","first_name":"Inaki","full_name":"Iturbe Ormaetxe, Inaki"},{"full_name":"Cook, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Cook"},{"full_name":"Ryan, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Ryan"},{"last_name":"Ritchie","first_name":"Scott","full_name":"Ritchie, Scott"},{"first_name":"Ary","full_name":"Hoffmann, Ary","last_name":"Hoffmann"},{"last_name":"O’Neill","first_name":"Scott","full_name":"O’Neill, Scott"},{"last_name":"Turelli","first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Turelli, Michael"}],"type":"journal_article","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9856"},{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9857"},{"id":"9858","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["576"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.2001894","month":"05","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:22Z","publisher":"Public Library of Science","isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"publication":"PLoS Biology","status":"public","intvolume":"        15"},{"pmid":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003","ddc":["576"],"citation":{"ama":"Turelli M, Barton NH. Deploying dengue-suppressing Wolbachia: Robust models predict slow but effective spatial spread in Aedes aegypti. <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>. 2017;115:45-60. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003\">10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003</a>","apa":"Turelli, M., &#38; Barton, N. H. (2017). Deploying dengue-suppressing Wolbachia: Robust models predict slow but effective spatial spread in Aedes aegypti. <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003</a>","short":"M. Turelli, N.H. Barton, Theoretical Population Biology 115 (2017) 45–60.","mla":"Turelli, Michael, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Deploying Dengue-Suppressing Wolbachia: Robust Models Predict Slow but Effective Spatial Spread in Aedes Aegypti.” <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>, vol. 115, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 45–60, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003\">10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003</a>.","chicago":"Turelli, Michael, and Nicholas H Barton. “Deploying Dengue-Suppressing Wolbachia: Robust Models Predict Slow but Effective Spatial Spread in Aedes Aegypti.” <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>. Elsevier, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2017.03.003</a>.","ieee":"M. Turelli and N. H. Barton, “Deploying dengue-suppressing Wolbachia: Robust models predict slow but effective spatial spread in Aedes aegypti,” <i>Theoretical Population Biology</i>, vol. 115. Elsevier, pp. 45–60, 2017.","ista":"Turelli M, Barton NH. 2017. Deploying dengue-suppressing Wolbachia: Robust models predict slow but effective spatial spread in Aedes aegypti. Theoretical Population Biology. 115, 45–60."},"title":"Deploying dengue-suppressing Wolbachia: Robust models predict slow but effective spatial spread in Aedes aegypti","day":"01","type":"journal_article","author":[{"first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Turelli, Michael","last_name":"Turelli"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barton","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"publication":"Theoretical Population Biology","status":"public","intvolume":"       115","page":"45 - 60","month":"06","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:22Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","date_updated":"2023-09-22T10:02:21Z","external_id":{"pmid":["28411063"]},"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["00405809"]},"publist_id":"6463","has_accepted_license":"1","year":"2017","oa_version":"Submitted Version","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","volume":115,"pubrep_id":"972","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"article_processing_charge":"No","file":[{"file_size":2073856,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2017_TheoreticalPopulationBio_Turelli.pdf","checksum":"9aeff86fa7de69f7a15cf4fc60d57d01","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","file_id":"6327","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2019-04-17T06:39:45Z"}],"date_published":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"952","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A novel strategy for controlling the spread of arboviral diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya is to transform mosquito populations with virus-suppressing Wolbachia. In general, Wolbachia transinfected into mosquitoes induce fitness costs through lower viability or fecundity. These maternally inherited bacteria also produce a frequency-dependent advantage for infected females by inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which kills the embryos produced by uninfected females mated to infected males. These competing effects, a frequency-dependent advantage and frequency-independent costs, produce bistable Wolbachia frequency dynamics. Above a threshold frequency, denoted pˆ, CI drives fitness-decreasing Wolbachia transinfections through local populations; but below pˆ, infection frequencies tend to decline to zero. If pˆ is not too high, CI also drives spatial spread once infections become established over sufficiently large areas. We illustrate how simple models provide testable predictions concerning the spatial and temporal dynamics of Wolbachia introductions, focusing on rate of spatial spread, the shape of spreading waves, and the conditions for initiating spread from local introductions. First, we consider the robustness of diffusion-based predictions to incorporating two important features of wMel-Aedes aegypti biology that may be inconsistent with the diffusion approximations, namely fast local dynamics induced by complete CI (i.e., all embryos produced from incompatible crosses die) and long-tailed, non-Gaussian dispersal. With complete CI, our numerical analyses show that long-tailed dispersal changes wave-width predictions only slightly; but it can significantly reduce wave speed relative to the diffusion prediction; it also allows smaller local introductions to initiate spatial spread. Second, we use approximations for pˆ and dispersal distances to predict the outcome of 2013 releases of wMel-infected Aedes aegypti in Cairns, Australia, Third, we describe new data from Ae. aegypti populations near Cairns, Australia that demonstrate long-distance dispersal and provide an approximate lower bound on pˆ for wMel in northeastern Australia. Finally, we apply our analyses to produce operational guidelines for efficient transformation of vector populations over large areas. We demonstrate that even very slow spatial spread, on the order of 10-20 m/month (as predicted), can produce area-wide population transformation within a few years following initial releases covering about 20-30% of the target area."}]},{"quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences","intvolume":"       284","status":"public","publisher":"Royal Society, The","isi":1,"month":"05","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:23Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1098/rspb.2016.2864","pmid":1,"day":"31","author":[{"last_name":"Charlesworth","first_name":"Deborah","full_name":"Charlesworth, Deborah"},{"id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton"},{"last_name":"Charlesworth","first_name":"Brian","full_name":"Charlesworth, Brian"}],"type":"journal_article","citation":{"mla":"Charlesworth, Deborah, et al. “The Sources of Adaptive Evolution.” <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>, vol. 284, no. 1855, 20162864, Royal Society, The, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2864\">10.1098/rspb.2016.2864</a>.","ista":"Charlesworth D, Barton NH, Charlesworth B. 2017. The sources of adaptive evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 284(1855), 20162864.","ieee":"D. Charlesworth, N. H. Barton, and B. Charlesworth, “The sources of adaptive evolution,” <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>, vol. 284, no. 1855. Royal Society, The, 2017.","chicago":"Charlesworth, Deborah, Nicholas H Barton, and Brian Charlesworth. “The Sources of Adaptive Evolution.” <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>. Royal Society, The, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2864\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2864</a>.","apa":"Charlesworth, D., Barton, N. H., &#38; Charlesworth, B. (2017). The sources of adaptive evolution. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>. Royal Society, The. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2864\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2864</a>","ama":"Charlesworth D, Barton NH, Charlesworth B. The sources of adaptive evolution. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>. 2017;284(1855). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2864\">10.1098/rspb.2016.2864</a>","short":"D. Charlesworth, N.H. Barton, B. Charlesworth, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 284 (2017)."},"title":"The sources of adaptive evolution","volume":284,"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454256/"}],"article_number":"20162864","abstract":[{"text":"The role of natural selection in the evolution of adaptive phenotypes has undergone constant probing by evolutionary biologists, employing both theoretical and empirical approaches. As Darwin noted, natural selection can act together with other processes, including random changes in the frequencies of phenotypic differences that are not under strong selection, and changes in the environment, which may reflect evolutionary changes in the organisms themselves. As understanding of genetics developed after 1900, the new genetic discoveries were incorporated into evolutionary biology. The resulting general principles were summarized by Julian Huxley in his 1942 book Evolution: the modern synthesis. Here, we examine how recent advances in genetics, developmental biology and molecular biology, including epigenetics, relate to today's understanding of the evolution of adaptations. We illustrate how careful genetic studies have repeatedly shown that apparently puzzling results in a wide diversity of organisms involve processes that are consistent with neo-Darwinism. They do not support important roles in adaptation for processes such as directed mutation or the inheritance of acquired characters, and therefore no radical revision of our understanding of the mechanism of adaptive evolution is needed.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"953","date_published":"2017-05-31T00:00:00Z","issue":"1855","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","date_updated":"2023-09-22T10:01:48Z","external_id":{"isi":["000405148800021"],"pmid":["28566483"]},"scopus_import":"1","publist_id":"6462","year":"2017","oa_version":"Submitted Version"},{"isi":1,"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications","status":"public","intvolume":"         6","department":[{"_id":"CaGu"},{"_id":"NiBa"},{"_id":"JoBo"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication":"eLife","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:23Z","month":"05","project":[{"_id":"25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"618091","name":"Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation"},{"_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"291734","name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme"},{"_id":"2578D616-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"648440","name":"Selective Barriers to Horizontal Gene Transfer"}],"doi":"10.7554/eLife.25192","ddc":["576"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"On the mechanistic nature of epistasis in a canonical cis-regulatory element","ec_funded":1,"citation":{"ama":"Lagator M, Paixao T, Barton NH, Bollback JP, Guet CC. On the mechanistic nature of epistasis in a canonical cis-regulatory element. <i>eLife</i>. 2017;6. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25192\">10.7554/eLife.25192</a>","apa":"Lagator, M., Paixao, T., Barton, N. H., Bollback, J. P., &#38; Guet, C. C. (2017). On the mechanistic nature of epistasis in a canonical cis-regulatory element. <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25192\">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25192</a>","short":"M. Lagator, T. Paixao, N.H. Barton, J.P. Bollback, C.C. Guet, ELife 6 (2017).","mla":"Lagator, Mato, et al. “On the Mechanistic Nature of Epistasis in a Canonical Cis-Regulatory Element.” <i>ELife</i>, vol. 6, e25192, eLife Sciences Publications, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25192\">10.7554/eLife.25192</a>.","chicago":"Lagator, Mato, Tiago Paixao, Nicholas H Barton, Jonathan P Bollback, and Calin C Guet. “On the Mechanistic Nature of Epistasis in a Canonical Cis-Regulatory Element.” <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25192\">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25192</a>.","ieee":"M. Lagator, T. Paixao, N. H. Barton, J. P. Bollback, and C. C. Guet, “On the mechanistic nature of epistasis in a canonical cis-regulatory element,” <i>eLife</i>, vol. 6. eLife Sciences Publications, 2017.","ista":"Lagator M, Paixao T, Barton NH, Bollback JP, Guet CC. 2017. On the mechanistic nature of epistasis in a canonical cis-regulatory element. eLife. 6, e25192."},"author":[{"last_name":"Lagator","full_name":"Lagator, Mato","first_name":"Mato","id":"345D25EC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Paixao","full_name":"Paixao, Tiago","first_name":"Tiago","id":"2C5658E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2361-3953"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barton","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H"},{"last_name":"Bollback","first_name":"Jonathan P","full_name":"Bollback, Jonathan P","orcid":"0000-0002-4624-4612","id":"2C6FA9CC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"47F8433E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6220-2052","last_name":"Guet","full_name":"Guet, Calin C","first_name":"Calin C"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"18","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","volume":6,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pubrep_id":"841","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","abstract":[{"text":"Understanding the relation between genotype and phenotype remains a major challenge. The difficulty of predicting individual mutation effects, and particularly the interactions between them, has prevented the development of a comprehensive theory that links genotypic changes to their phenotypic effects. We show that a general thermodynamic framework for gene regulation, based on a biophysical understanding of protein-DNA binding, accurately predicts the sign of epistasis in a canonical cis-regulatory element consisting of overlapping RNA polymerase and repressor binding sites. Sign and magnitude of individual mutation effects are sufficient to predict the sign of epistasis and its environmental dependence. Thus, the thermodynamic model offers the correct null prediction for epistasis between mutations across DNA-binding sites. Our results indicate that a predictive theory for the effects of cis-regulatory mutations is possible from first principles, as long as the essential molecular mechanisms and the constraints these impose on a biological system are accounted for.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"954","date_published":"2017-05-18T00:00:00Z","article_number":"e25192","file":[{"file_name":"IST-2017-841-v1+1_elife-25192-v2.pdf","creator":"system","file_size":2441529,"checksum":"59cdd4400fb41280122d414fea971546","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5306","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:17:49Z"},{"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:17:50Z","file_id":"5307","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","checksum":"b69024880558b858eb8c5d47a92b6377","creator":"system","file_size":3752660,"file_name":"IST-2017-841-v1+2_elife-25192-figures-v2.pdf"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2050084X"]},"date_updated":"2023-09-22T10:01:17Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","scopus_import":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000404024800001"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2017","has_accepted_license":"1","publist_id":"6460"},{"publist_id":"6459","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2017","has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2025-05-28T11:42:50Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","scopus_import":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000407198800005"]},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["20411723"]},"file":[{"file_name":"IST-2017-864-v1+1_s41467-017-00238-8.pdf","creator":"system","file_size":998157,"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"29a1b5db458048d3bd5c67e0e2a56818","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5064","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:14Z"},{"checksum":"7b78401e52a576cf3e6bbf8d0abadc17","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","file_size":9715993,"creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2017-864-v1+2_41467_2017_238_MOESM1_ESM.pdf","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:15Z","file_id":"5065","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"article_number":"216","date_published":"2017-08-09T00:00:00Z","_id":"955","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Gene expression is controlled by networks of regulatory proteins that interact specifically with external signals and DNA regulatory sequences. These interactions force the network components to co-evolve so as to continually maintain function. Yet, existing models of evolution mostly focus on isolated genetic elements. In contrast, we study the essential process by which regulatory networks grow: the duplication and subsequent specialization of network components. We synthesize a biophysical model of molecular interactions with the evolutionary framework to find the conditions and pathways by which new regulatory functions emerge. We show that specialization of new network components is usually slow, but can be drastically accelerated in the presence of regulatory crosstalk and mutations that promote promiscuous interactions between network components."}],"issue":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:16Z","volume":8,"pubrep_id":"864","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"day":"09","type":"journal_article","author":[{"id":"36A5845C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Friedlander","first_name":"Tamar","full_name":"Friedlander, Tamar"},{"id":"4456104E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Roshan","full_name":"Prizak, Roshan","last_name":"Prizak"},{"last_name":"Barton","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Tkacik, Gasper","first_name":"Gasper","last_name":"Tkacik","orcid":"0000-0002-6699-1455","id":"3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"ec_funded":1,"citation":{"short":"T. Friedlander, R. Prizak, N.H. Barton, G. Tkačik, Nature Communications 8 (2017).","apa":"Friedlander, T., Prizak, R., Barton, N. H., &#38; Tkačik, G. (2017). Evolution of new regulatory functions on biophysically realistic fitness landscapes. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8</a>","ama":"Friedlander T, Prizak R, Barton NH, Tkačik G. Evolution of new regulatory functions on biophysically realistic fitness landscapes. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2017;8(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8\">10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8</a>","ieee":"T. Friedlander, R. Prizak, N. H. Barton, and G. Tkačik, “Evolution of new regulatory functions on biophysically realistic fitness landscapes,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 8, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, 2017.","ista":"Friedlander T, Prizak R, Barton NH, Tkačik G. 2017. Evolution of new regulatory functions on biophysically realistic fitness landscapes. Nature Communications. 8(1), 216.","chicago":"Friedlander, Tamar, Roshan Prizak, Nicholas H Barton, and Gašper Tkačik. “Evolution of New Regulatory Functions on Biophysically Realistic Fitness Landscapes.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8</a>.","mla":"Friedlander, Tamar, et al. “Evolution of New Regulatory Functions on Biophysically Realistic Fitness Landscapes.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 8, no. 1, 216, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8\">10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8</a>."},"title":"Evolution of new regulatory functions on biophysically realistic fitness landscapes","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["539","576"],"doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-00238-8","project":[{"grant_number":"291734","name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation","grant_number":"250152","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"_id":"254E9036-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Biophysics of information processing in gene regulation","grant_number":"P28844-B27"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"6071","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"month":"08","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:23Z","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"GaTk"},{"_id":"NiBa"}],"publication":"Nature Communications","intvolume":"         8","status":"public","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","isi":1},{"page":"845 - 858","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:57Z","month":"04","isi":1,"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","status":"public","intvolume":"        71","publication":"Evolution","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"title":"Evolutionary rescue in randomly mating, selfing, and clonal populations","citation":{"mla":"Uecker, Hildegard. “Evolutionary Rescue in Randomly Mating, Selfing, and Clonal Populations.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 71, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 2017, pp. 845–58, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13191\">10.1111/evo.13191</a>.","chicago":"Uecker, Hildegard. “Evolutionary Rescue in Randomly Mating, Selfing, and Clonal Populations.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13191\">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13191</a>.","ieee":"H. Uecker, “Evolutionary rescue in randomly mating, selfing, and clonal populations,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 71, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 845–858, 2017.","ista":"Uecker H. 2017. Evolutionary rescue in randomly mating, selfing, and clonal populations. Evolution. 71(4), 845–858.","ama":"Uecker H. Evolutionary rescue in randomly mating, selfing, and clonal populations. <i>Evolution</i>. 2017;71(4):845-858. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13191\">10.1111/evo.13191</a>","apa":"Uecker, H. (2017). Evolutionary rescue in randomly mating, selfing, and clonal populations. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13191\">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13191</a>","short":"H. Uecker, Evolution 71 (2017) 845–858."},"ec_funded":1,"type":"journal_article","author":[{"last_name":"Uecker","first_name":"Hildegard","full_name":"Uecker, Hildegard","id":"2DB8F68A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-9435-2813"}],"day":"01","project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation","grant_number":"250152"}],"doi":"10.1111/evo.13191","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"4","abstract":[{"text":"Severe environmental change can drive a population extinct unless the population adapts in time to the new conditions (“evolutionary rescue”). How does biparental sexual reproduction influence the chances of population persistence compared to clonal reproduction or selfing? In this article, we set up a one‐locus two‐allele model for adaptation in diploid species, where rescue is contingent on the establishment of the mutant homozygote. Reproduction can occur by random mating, selfing, or clonally. Random mating generates and destroys the rescue mutant; selfing is efficient at generating it but at the same time depletes the heterozygote, which can lead to a low mutant frequency in the standing genetic variation. Due to these (and other) antagonistic effects, we find a nontrivial dependence of population survival on the rate of sex/selfing, which is strongly influenced by the dominance coefficient of the mutation before and after the environmental change. Importantly, since mating with the wild‐type breaks the mutant homozygote up, a slow decay of the wild‐type population size can impede rescue in randomly mating populations.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"1063","date_published":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/14/081042","open_access":"1"}],"publication_status":"published","volume":71,"year":"2017","oa_version":"Submitted Version","publist_id":"6327","publication_identifier":{"issn":["00143820"]},"scopus_import":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000398545200003"]},"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","date_updated":"2025-05-28T11:42:51Z"},{"status":"public","intvolume":"        79","publication":"Bulletin of Mathematical Biology","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Springer","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:50:38Z","month":"03","page":"525-559","doi":"10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B1EC9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"618091","name":"Speed of Adaptation in Population Genetics and Evolutionary Computation"},{"_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"250152","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank Nick Barton, Katarína Bod’ová, and Sr\r\n-\r\ndan Sarikas for constructive feed-\r\nback and support. Furthermore, we would like to express our deep gratitude to the anonymous referees (one\r\nof whom, Jimmy Garnier, agreed to reveal his identity) and the editor Max Souza, for very helpful and\r\ndetailed comments and suggestions that significantly helped us to improve the manuscript. This project has\r\nreceived funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological\r\ndevelopment and demonstration under Grant Agreement 618091 Speed of Adaptation in Population Genet-\r\nics and Evolutionary Computation (SAGE) and the European Research Council (ERC) Grant No. 250152\r\n(SN), from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic under the Grant 1/0459/13 and by the Slovak\r\nResearch and Development Agency under the Contract No. APVV-14-0378 (RK). RK would also like to\r\nthank IST Austria for its hospitality during the work on this project.","author":[{"first_name":"Richard","full_name":"Kollár, Richard","last_name":"Kollár"},{"id":"461468AE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2519-824X","last_name":"Novak","first_name":"Sebastian","full_name":"Novak, Sebastian"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"01","title":"Existence of traveling waves for the generalized F–KPP equation","citation":{"short":"R. Kollár, S. Novak, Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 79 (2017) 525–559.","ama":"Kollár R, Novak S. Existence of traveling waves for the generalized F–KPP equation. <i>Bulletin of Mathematical Biology</i>. 2017;79(3):525-559. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3\">10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3</a>","apa":"Kollár, R., &#38; Novak, S. (2017). Existence of traveling waves for the generalized F–KPP equation. <i>Bulletin of Mathematical Biology</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3</a>","chicago":"Kollár, Richard, and Sebastian Novak. “Existence of Traveling Waves for the Generalized F–KPP Equation.” <i>Bulletin of Mathematical Biology</i>. Springer, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3</a>.","ieee":"R. Kollár and S. Novak, “Existence of traveling waves for the generalized F–KPP equation,” <i>Bulletin of Mathematical Biology</i>, vol. 79, no. 3. Springer, pp. 525–559, 2017.","ista":"Kollár R, Novak S. 2017. Existence of traveling waves for the generalized F–KPP equation. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology. 79(3), 525–559.","mla":"Kollár, Richard, and Sebastian Novak. “Existence of Traveling Waves for the Generalized F–KPP Equation.” <i>Bulletin of Mathematical Biology</i>, vol. 79, no. 3, Springer, 2017, pp. 525–59, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3\">10.1007/s11538-016-0244-3</a>."},"ec_funded":1,"volume":79,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.00944"}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","_id":"1191","abstract":[{"text":"Variation in genotypes may be responsible for differences in dispersal rates, directional biases, and growth rates of individuals. These traits may favor certain genotypes and enhance their spatiotemporal spreading into areas occupied by the less advantageous genotypes. We study how these factors influence the speed of spreading in the case of two competing genotypes under the assumption that spatial variation of the total population is small compared to the spatial variation of the frequencies of the genotypes in the population. In that case, the dynamics of the frequency of one of the genotypes is approximately described by a generalized Fisher–Kolmogorov–Petrovskii–Piskunov (F–KPP) equation. This generalized F–KPP equation with (nonlinear) frequency-dependent diffusion and advection terms admits traveling wave solutions that characterize the invasion of the dominant genotype. Our existence results generalize the classical theory for traveling waves for the F–KPP with constant coefficients. Moreover, in the particular case of the quadratic (monostable) nonlinear growth–decay rate in the generalized F–KPP we study in detail the influence of the variance in diffusion and mean displacement rates of the two genotypes on the minimal wave propagation speed.","lang":"eng"}],"date_published":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","issue":"3","scopus_import":1,"date_updated":"2025-05-28T11:42:46Z","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2017","oa_version":"Preprint","publist_id":"6160"},{"oa_version":"Submitted Version","year":"2017","publist_id":"6151","external_id":{"isi":["000392229100011"]},"scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2025-05-28T11:42:47Z","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","abstract":[{"text":"Much of quantitative genetics is based on the ‘infinitesimal model’, under which selection has a negligible effect on the genetic variance. This is typically justified by assuming a very large number of loci with additive effects. However, it applies even when genes interact, provided that the number of loci is large enough that selection on each of them is weak relative to random drift. In the long term, directional selection will change allele frequencies, but even then, the effects of epistasis on the ultimate change in trait mean due to selection may be modest. Stabilising selection can maintain many traits close to their optima, even when the underlying alleles are weakly selected. However, the number of traits that can be optimised is apparently limited to ~4Ne by the ‘drift load’, and this is hard to reconcile with the apparent complexity of many organisms. Just as for the mutation load, this limit can be evaded by a particular form of negative epistasis. A more robust limit is set by the variance in reproductive success. This suggests that selection accumulates information most efficiently in the infinitesimal regime, when selection on individual alleles is weak, and comparable with random drift. A review of evidence on selection strength suggests that although most variance in fitness may be because of alleles with large Nes, substantial amounts of adaptation may be because of alleles in the infinitesimal regime, in which epistasis has modest effects.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"1199","date_published":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","volume":118,"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5176114/"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"01","title":"How does epistasis influence the response to selection?","citation":{"short":"N.H. Barton, Heredity 118 (2017) 96–109.","ama":"Barton NH. How does epistasis influence the response to selection? <i>Heredity</i>. 2017;118:96-109. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.109\">10.1038/hdy.2016.109</a>","apa":"Barton, N. H. (2017). How does epistasis influence the response to selection? <i>Heredity</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.109\">https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.109</a>","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “How Does Epistasis Influence the Response to Selection?” <i>Heredity</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.109\">https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.109</a>.","ista":"Barton NH. 2017. How does epistasis influence the response to selection? Heredity. 118, 96–109.","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “How does epistasis influence the response to selection?,” <i>Heredity</i>, vol. 118. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 96–109, 2017.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “How Does Epistasis Influence the Response to Selection?” <i>Heredity</i>, vol. 118, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, pp. 96–109, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2016.109\">10.1038/hdy.2016.109</a>."},"ec_funded":1,"doi":"10.1038/hdy.2016.109","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25B07788-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Limits to selection in biology and in evolutionary computation","grant_number":"250152"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"9710","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:50:40Z","month":"01","page":"96 - 109","intvolume":"       118","status":"public","publication":"Heredity","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"isi":1,"publisher":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"citation":{"mla":"Etheridge, Alison, and Nicholas H. Barton. <i>Data for: Establishment in a New Habitat by Polygenic Adaptation</i>. 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