---
_id: '4305'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The common shrew (Sorex araneus) is subdivided into several karyotypic races
    in Britain. Two of these races meet near Oxford to form the &quot;Oxford-Hermitage&quot;
    hybrid zone. We present a model which describes this system as a &quot;tension
    zone,&quot; i.e., a set of clines maintained by a balance between dispersal and
    selection against chromosomal heterozygotes. The Oxford and Hermitage races differ
    by Robertsonian fusions with monobrachial homology (kq, no versus ko), and so
    F1 hybrids between them would have low fertility. However, the acrocentric karyotype
    is found at high frequency within the hybrid zone, so that complex Robertsonian
    heterozygotes (kq no/q ko n) are replaced by more fertile combinations, such as
    (kq no/k q n o). This suggests that the hybrid zone has been modified so as to
    increase hybrid fitness. Mathematical analysis and simulation show that, if selection
    against complex heterozygotes is sufficiently strong relative to selection against
    simple heterozygotes, acrocentrics increase, and displace the clines for kq and
    no from the cline for ko. Superimposed on this separation is a tendency for the
    hybrid zone to move m favor of the Oxford (kq no) race. We compare the model with
    estimates of linkage disequilibrium and cline shape made from field data.
acknowledgement: 'This study was funded by grants from the Royal Society of London
  to J.B.S., and from the S.E.R.C., N.E.R.C. and the Darwin Trust to N.Barton. A.J.Reilly,
  Y.Luo, and S. J.Mercer provided unpublished data and D.Currie, A.E.Douglas, K.  S.Jackson,
  X.Lambin and D.Kapan made helpful comments on the manuscript. We appreciate our
  discussions with B. O.Bengtsson. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Todd
  full_name: Hatfield, Todd
  last_name: Hatfield
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Jeremy
  full_name: Searle, Jeremy
  last_name: Searle
citation:
  ama: Hatfield T, Barton NH, Searle J. A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal
    races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus). <i>Evolution; International Journal
    of Organic Evolution</i>. 1992;46(4):1129-1145. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x</a>
  apa: Hatfield, T., Barton, N. H., &#38; Searle, J. (1992). A model of a hybrid zone
    between two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus). <i>Evolution;
    International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x</a>
  chicago: Hatfield, Todd, Nicholas H Barton, and Jeremy Searle. “A Model of a Hybrid
    Zone between Two Chromosomal Races of the Common Shrew (Sorex Araneus).” <i>Evolution;
    International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x</a>.
  ieee: T. Hatfield, N. H. Barton, and J. Searle, “A model of a hybrid zone between
    two chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus),” <i>Evolution; International
    Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 46, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1129–1145,
    1992.
  ista: Hatfield T, Barton NH, Searle J. 1992. A model of a hybrid zone between two
    chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus). Evolution; International
    Journal of Organic Evolution. 46(4), 1129–1145.
  mla: Hatfield, Todd, et al. “A Model of a Hybrid Zone between Two Chromosomal Races
    of the Common Shrew (Sorex Araneus).” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution</i>, vol. 46, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 1129–45, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x</a>.
  short: T. Hatfield, N.H. Barton, J. Searle, Evolution; International Journal of
    Organic Evolution 46 (1992) 1129–1145.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:09Z
date_published: 1992-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-15T14:49:26Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '28564402'
intvolume: '        46'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409761
month: '08'
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1129 - 1145
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1759'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A model of a hybrid zone between two chromosomal races of the common shrew
  (Sorex araneus)
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 46
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4306'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Nick
  full_name: Goldman, Nick
  last_name: Goldman
citation:
  ama: Barton NH, Goldman N. Genetics and geography. <i>Nature</i>. 1992;357:440-441.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/357440a0">10.1038/357440a0</a>
  apa: Barton, N. H., &#38; Goldman, N. (1992). Genetics and geography. <i>Nature</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/357440a0">https://doi.org/10.1038/357440a0</a>
  chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, and Nick Goldman. “Genetics and Geography.” <i>Nature</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/357440a0">https://doi.org/10.1038/357440a0</a>.
  ieee: N. H. Barton and N. Goldman, “Genetics and geography,” <i>Nature</i>, vol.
    357. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 440–441, 1992.
  ista: Barton NH, Goldman N. 1992. Genetics and geography. Nature. 357, 440–441.
  mla: Barton, Nicholas H., and Nick Goldman. “Genetics and Geography.” <i>Nature</i>,
    vol. 357, Nature Publishing Group, 1992, pp. 440–41, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/357440a0">10.1038/357440a0</a>.
  short: N.H. Barton, N. Goldman, Nature 357 (1992) 440–441.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:10Z
date_published: 1992-06-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-15T14:27:10Z
day: '11'
doi: 10.1038/357440a0
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       357'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.nature.com/articles/357440a0
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 440 - 441
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '1758'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Genetics and geography
type: review
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 357
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4307'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: 'Barton NH. The genetic consequences of dispersal. In: Stenseth N, Lidicker
    W, eds. <i>Animal Dispersal: Small Mammals as a Model</i>. Chapman Hall; 1992:37-60.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3">10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3</a>'
  apa: 'Barton, N. H. (1992). The genetic consequences of dispersal. In N. Stenseth
    &#38; W. Lidicker (Eds.), <i>Animal dispersal: small mammals as a model</i> (pp.
    37–60). Chapman Hall. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3</a>'
  chicago: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “The Genetic Consequences of Dispersal.” In <i>Animal
    Dispersal: Small Mammals as a Model</i>, edited by Nils Stenseth and William Lidicker,
    37–60. Chapman Hall, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3</a>.'
  ieee: 'N. H. Barton, “The genetic consequences of dispersal,” in <i>Animal dispersal:
    small mammals as a model</i>, N. Stenseth and W. Lidicker, Eds. Chapman Hall,
    1992, pp. 37–60.'
  ista: 'Barton NH. 1992.The genetic consequences of dispersal. In: Animal dispersal:
    small mammals as a model. , 37–60.'
  mla: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “The Genetic Consequences of Dispersal.” <i>Animal Dispersal:
    Small Mammals as a Model</i>, edited by Nils Stenseth and William Lidicker, Chapman
    Hall, 1992, pp. 37–60, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3">10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3</a>.'
  short: 'N.H. Barton, in:, N. Stenseth, W. Lidicker (Eds.), Animal Dispersal: Small
    Mammals as a Model, Chapman Hall, 1992, pp. 37–60.'
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:10Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-14T14:19:36Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3
editor:
- first_name: Nils
  full_name: Stenseth, Nils
  last_name: Stenseth
- first_name: William
  full_name: Lidicker, William
  last_name: Lidicker
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-2338-9_3
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 37 - 60
publication: 'Animal dispersal: small mammals as a model'
publication_status: published
publisher: Chapman Hall
publist_id: '1757'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: The genetic consequences of dispersal
type: book_chapter
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4308'
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Darwin Trust, NSF  grant BSR/866548,
  and SERC grant GR/E/08507. Valuable comments on the manuscript were received  from
  D. Currie, K. Dawson, K. S. Jackson, W. G. Hill,  M. Turelli, and an anonymous referee.
  I would particularly like to thank K. Dawson and the referee, for  pointing out
  the complexities involved in calculating  P(i, j; k), and J. F. Crow, for supplying
  detailed simulation results, and for his helpful comments on the draft of this paper.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: Barton NH. On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright’s
    shifting balance. <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>.
    1992;46(2):551-557.
  apa: Barton, N. H. (1992). On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase
    of Wright’s shifting balance. <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell.
  chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “On the Spread of New Gene Combinations in the Third
    Phase of Wright’s Shifting Balance.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992.
  ieee: N. H. Barton, “On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of
    Wright’s shifting balance,” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>,
    vol. 46, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 551–557, 1992.
  ista: Barton NH. 1992. On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase
    of Wright’s shifting balance. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution.
    46(2), 551–557.
  mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “On the Spread of New Gene Combinations in the Third Phase
    of Wright’s Shifting Balance.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution</i>, vol. 46, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 551–57.
  short: N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 46 (1992)
    551–557.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:10Z
date_published: 1992-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-14T13:36:15Z
day: '01'
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        46'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2409871
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 551 - 557
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1756'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: On the spread of new gene combinations in the third phase of Wright's shifting
  balance
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 46
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4504'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Real-time systems operate in “real,” continuous time and state changes may
    occur at any real-numbered time point. Yet many verification methods are based
    on the assumption that states are observed at integer time points only. What can
    we conclude if a real-time system has been shown “correct” for integral observations?\r\n\r\nInteger
    time verification techniques suffice if the problem of whether all real-numbered
    behaviors of a system satisfy a property can be reduced to the question of whether
    the integral observations satisfy a (possibly modified) property. We show that
    this reduction is possible for a large and important class of systems and properties:
    the class of systems includes all systems that can be modeled as timed transition
    systems; the class of properties includes time-bounded invariance and time-bounded
    response."
acknowledgement: "A full version of this paper (including all proofs) is available
  as a technical report from Cornell University and Stanford University. The research
  was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants CCR-89-11512
  and CCR-89-13641, by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract
  NAG2-703, by the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract
  AFOSR-90-0057, and by the European Community ESPRIT Basic Research Action Project
  3096 (SPEC).\r\n\r\nSponsors: National Science Foundation grant CCR-89-11512,  National
  Science Foundation grant CCR-89-13641, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
  contract NAG2-703, United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract
  AFOSR-90-0057, European Community ESPRIT Basic Research Action Project 3096 (SPEC).\r\n"
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Zohar
  full_name: Manna, Zohar
  last_name: Manna
- first_name: Amir
  full_name: Pnueli, Amir
  last_name: Pnueli
citation:
  ama: 'Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. What good are digital clocks? In: <i>19th
    International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>. Vol 623.
    Springer; 1992:545-558. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103">10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103</a>'
  apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Manna, Z., &#38; Pnueli, A. (1992). What good are digital
    clocks? In <i>19th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>
    (Vol. 623, pp. 545–558). Vienna, Austria: Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103</a>'
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Zohar Manna, and Amir Pnueli. “What Good Are Digital
    Clocks?” In <i>19th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>,
    623:545–58. Springer, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, and A. Pnueli, “What good are digital clocks?,”
    in <i>19th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>,
    Vienna, Austria, 1992, vol. 623, pp. 545–558.
  ista: 'Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. 1992. What good are digital clocks? 19th
    International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming. ICALP: Automata,
    Languages and Programming, LNCS, vol. 623, 545–558.'
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “What Good Are Digital Clocks?” <i>19th International
    Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>, vol. 623, Springer, 1992,
    pp. 545–58, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103">10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, A. Pnueli, in:, 19th International Colloquium on
    Automata, Languages and Programming, Springer, 1992, pp. 545–558.
conference:
  end_date: 1992-07-17
  location: Vienna, Austria
  name: 'ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming'
  start_date: 1992-07-13
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:11Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-14T09:47:09Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       623'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-55719-9_103
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 545 - 558
publication: 19th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '223'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: What good are digital clocks?
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 623
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4505'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We describe finite-state programs over real-numbered time in a guarded-command
    language with real-valued clocks or, equivalently, as finite automata with real-valued
    clocks. Model checking answers the question which states of a real-time program
    satisfy a branching-time specification (given in an extension of CTL with clock
    variables). We develop an algorithm that computes this set of states symbolically
    as a fixpoint of a functional on state predicates, without constructing the state
    space.\r\n\r\nFor this purpose, we introduce a mu-calculus on computation trees
    over real-numbered time. Unfortunately, many standard program properties, such
    as response for all nonzeno execution sequences (during which time diverges),
    cannot be characterized by fixpoints: we show that the expressiveness of the timed
    mu-calculus is incomparable to the expressiveness of timed CTL. Fortunately, this
    result does not impair the symbolic verification of &quot;implementable&quot;
    real-time programs--those whose safety constraints are machine-closed with respect
    to diverging time and whose fairness constraints are restricted to finite upper
    bounds on clock values. All timed CTL properties of such programs are shown to
    be computable as finitely approximable fixpoints in a simple decidable theory."
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Xavier
  full_name: Nicollin, Xavier
  last_name: Nicollin
- first_name: Joseph
  full_name: Sifakis, Joseph
  last_name: Sifakis
- first_name: Sergio
  full_name: Yovine, Sergio
  last_name: Yovine
citation:
  ama: 'Henzinger TA, Nicollin X, Sifakis J, Yovine S. Symbolic model checking for
    real-time systems. In: <i>Proceedings of the 7th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic
    in Computer Science</i>. IEEE; 1992:394-406. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.1992.185551">10.1109/LICS.1992.185551</a>'
  apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Nicollin, X., Sifakis, J., &#38; Yovine, S. (1992). Symbolic
    model checking for real-time systems. In <i>Proceedings of the 7th Annual IEEE
    Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i> (pp. 394–406). Santa Cruz, CA, United
    States of America: IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.1992.185551">https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.1992.185551</a>'
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Xavier Nicollin, Joseph Sifakis, and Sergio Yovine.
    “Symbolic Model Checking for Real-Time Systems.” In <i>Proceedings of the 7th
    Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i>, 394–406. IEEE, 1992. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.1992.185551">https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.1992.185551</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, X. Nicollin, J. Sifakis, and S. Yovine, “Symbolic model checking
    for real-time systems,” in <i>Proceedings of the 7th Annual IEEE Symposium on
    Logic in Computer Science</i>, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America, 1992,
    pp. 394–406.
  ista: 'Henzinger TA, Nicollin X, Sifakis J, Yovine S. 1992. Symbolic model checking
    for real-time systems. Proceedings of the 7th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in
    Computer Science. LICS: Logic in Computer Science, 394–406.'
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Symbolic Model Checking for Real-Time Systems.”
    <i>Proceedings of the 7th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i>,
    IEEE, 1992, pp. 394–406, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.1992.185551">10.1109/LICS.1992.185551</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, X. Nicollin, J. Sifakis, S. Yovine, in:, Proceedings of the
    7th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, IEEE, 1992, pp. 394–406.
conference:
  end_date: 1992-06-25
  location: Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
  name: 'LICS: Logic in Computer Science'
  start_date: 1992-06-22
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:12Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-14T13:20:50Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1109/LICS.1992.185551
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/185551
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 394 - 406
publication: Proceedings of the 7th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 0-8186-2735-2
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
publist_id: '224'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Symbolic model checking for real-time systems
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4507'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We incorporate time into an interleaving model of concurrency. In timed transition
    systems, the qualitative fairness requirements of traditional transition system
    are replaced (and superseded) by quantitative lower-bound and upperbound timing
    constraints on transitions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the scope
    of applicability for the abstract model of timed transition systems. We demonstrate
    that the model can represent a wide variety of phenomena that routinely occur
    in conjunction with the timed execution of concurrent processes. Our treatment
    covers both processes that are executed in parallel on separate processors and
    communicate either through shared variables or by message passing, and processes
    that time-share a limited number of processors under a given scheduling policy.
    Often it is this scheduling policy that determines if a system meets its real-time
    requirements. Thus we explicitly address such questions as time-outs, interrupts,
    static and dynamic priorities.
acknowledgement: 'Sponsor: IBM graduate fellowship, National Science Foundation grant
  CCR-89-11512 National Science Foundation grant CCR-89-13641,  Defense Advanced Research
  Projects Agency contract N00039-84-C-0211, United States Air Force Office of Scientific
  Research under contract AFOSR-90-0057,  European Community ESPRIT Basic Research
  Action project 3096 (SPEC)'
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Zohar
  full_name: Manna, Zohar
  last_name: Manna
- first_name: Amir
  full_name: Pnueli, Amir
  last_name: Pnueli
citation:
  ama: 'Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. Timed transition systems. In: <i>Real Time:
    Theory in Practice</i>. Vol 600. Springer; 1992:226-251. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031995">10.1007/BFb0031995</a>'
  apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Manna, Z., &#38; Pnueli, A. (1992). Timed transition systems.
    In <i>Real Time: Theory in Practice</i> (Vol. 600, pp. 226–251). Springer. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031995">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031995</a>'
  chicago: 'Henzinger, Thomas A, Zohar Manna, and Amir Pnueli. “Timed Transition Systems.”
    In <i>Real Time: Theory in Practice</i>, 600:226–51. Springer, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031995">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031995</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, and A. Pnueli, “Timed transition systems,” in
    <i>Real Time: Theory in Practice</i>, vol. 600, Springer, 1992, pp. 226–251.'
  ista: 'Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. 1992.Timed transition systems. In: Real
    Time: Theory in Practice. LNCS, vol. 600, 226–251.'
  mla: 'Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Timed Transition Systems.” <i>Real Time: Theory
    in Practice</i>, vol. 600, Springer, 1992, pp. 226–51, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031995">10.1007/BFb0031995</a>.'
  short: 'T.A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, A. Pnueli, in:, Real Time: Theory in Practice,
    Springer, 1992, pp. 226–251.'
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:12Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-14T09:34:44Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BFb0031995
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       600'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/BFb0031995
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 226 - 251
publication: 'Real Time: Theory in Practice'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '222'
status: public
title: Timed transition systems
type: book_chapter
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 600
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4517'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: It has been observed repeatedly that the standard safety-liveness classification
    for properties of reactive systems does not fit for real-time properties. This
    is because the implicit “liveliness” of time shifts the spectrum towards the safety
    side. While, for example, response—that “something good” will happen eventually—is
    a classical liveness property, bounded response—that “something good” will happen
    soon, within a certain amount of time—has many characteristics of safety. We account
    for this phenomenon formally by defining safety and liveness relative to a given
    condition, such as the progress of time.
acknowledgement: 'The author thanks Martin Abadi, Rajeev Alur, David Dill, Leslie
  Lamport, Zohar Manna, Amir Pnueli, Fred Schneider, and two anonymous referees for
  many valuable suggestions and improvements. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
  ama: Henzinger TA. Sooner Is Safer Than Later. <i>Information Processing Letters</i>.
    1992;43(3):135-141. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>
  apa: Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Sooner Is Safer Than Later. <i>Information Processing
    Letters</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Sooner Is Safer Than Later.” <i>Information Processing
    Letters</i>. Elsevier, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, “Sooner Is Safer Than Later,” <i>Information Processing Letters</i>,
    vol. 43, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 135–141, 1992.
  ista: Henzinger TA. 1992. Sooner Is Safer Than Later. Information Processing Letters.
    43(3), 135–141.
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Sooner Is Safer Than Later.” <i>Information Processing
    Letters</i>, vol. 43, no. 3, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 135–41, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G">10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, Information Processing Letters 43 (1992) 135–141.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:16Z
date_published: 1992-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-07T11:31:23Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.1016/0020-0190(92)90005-G
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        43'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/002001909290005G?via%3Dihub
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 135 - 141
publication: Information Processing Letters
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0020-0190
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '211'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Sooner Is Safer Than Later
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 43
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4593'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We survey logic-based and automata-based languages and techniques for the
    specification and verification of real-time systems. In particular, we discuss
    three syntactic extensions of temporal logic: time-bounded operators, freeze quantification,
    and time variables. We also discuss the extension of finite-state machines with
    clocks and the extension of transition systems with time bounds on the transitions.
    All of the resulting notations can be interpreted over a variety of different
    models of time and computation, including linear and branching time, interleaving
    and true concurrency, discrete and continuous time. For each choice of syntax
    and semantics, we summarize the results that are known about expressive power,
    algorithmic finite-state verification, and deductive verification.'
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rajeev
  full_name: Alur, Rajeev
  last_name: Alur
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
  ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. Logics and models of real time: A survey. In: <i>REX
    Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice</i>. Vol 600. Springer; 1992:74-106.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984">10.1007/BFb0031984</a>'
  apa: 'Alur, R., &#38; Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Logics and models of real time: A
    survey. In <i>REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice</i> (Vol. 600, pp.
    74–106). Mook, The Netherlands: Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984</a>'
  chicago: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Logics and Models of Real Time:
    A Survey.” In <i>REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice</i>, 600:74–106.
    Springer, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Logics and models of real time: A survey,”
    in <i>REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice</i>, Mook, The Netherlands,
    1992, vol. 600, pp. 74–106.'
  ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1992. Logics and models of real time: A survey. REX
    Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice. Workshop/School/Symposium of the REX
    Project, LNCS, vol. 600, 74–106.'
  mla: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Logics and Models of Real Time: A
    Survey.” <i>REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice</i>, vol. 600, Springer,
    1992, pp. 74–106, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984">10.1007/BFb0031984</a>.'
  short: 'R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice,
    Springer, 1992, pp. 74–106.'
conference:
  end_date: 1991-06-07
  location: Mook, The Netherlands
  name: Workshop/School/Symposium of the REX Project
  start_date: 1991-06-03
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:39Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-07T10:20:06Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BFb0031984
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       600'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/BFb0031988#enumeration
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 74 - 106
publication: 'REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '114'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Logics and models of real time: A survey'
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 600
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4594'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The authors introduce two-way timed automata-timed automata that can move
    back and forth while reading a timed word. Two-wayness in its unrestricted form
    leads, like nondeterminism, to the undecidability of language inclusion. However,
    if they restrict the number of times an input symbol may be revisited, then two-wayness
    is both harmless and desirable. The authors show that the resulting class of bounded
    two-way deterministic timed automata is closed under all boolean operations, has
    decidable (PSPACE-complete) emptiness and inclusion problems, and subsumes all
    decidable real-time logics we know. They obtain a strict hierarchy of real-time
    properties: deterministic timed automata can accept more languages as the bound
    on the number of times an input symbol may be revisited is increased. This hierarchy
    is also enforced by the number of alternations between past and future operators
    in temporal logic. The combination of the results leads to a decision procedure
    for a real-time logic with past operators\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rajeev
  full_name: Alur, Rajeev
  last_name: Alur
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
  ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular
    languages. In: <i>Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer
    Science</i>. IEEE; 1992:177-186. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774">10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774</a>'
  apa: 'Alur, R., &#38; Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Back to the future: Towards a theory
    of timed regular languages. In <i>Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on
    Foundations of Computer Science</i> (pp. 177–186). Pittsburgh, PA, United States
    of America: IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774">https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774</a>'
  chicago: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Back to the Future: Towards a Theory
    of Timed Regular Languages.” In <i>Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on
    Foundations of Computer Science</i>, 177–86. IEEE, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774">https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed
    regular languages,” in <i>Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations
    of Computer Science</i>, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America, 1992, pp. 177–186.'
  ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1992. Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed
    regular languages. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of
    Computer Science. FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science, 177–186.'
  mla: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Back to the Future: Towards a Theory
    of Timed Regular Languages.” <i>Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations
    of Computer Science</i>, IEEE, 1992, pp. 177–86, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774">10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774</a>.'
  short: R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on
    Foundations of Computer Science, IEEE, 1992, pp. 177–186.
conference:
  end_date: 1992-10-27
  location: Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
  name: 'FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science'
  start_date: 1992-10-24
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:39Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-07T10:45:34Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/267774
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 177 - 186
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
publist_id: '115'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages'
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2484'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Three cDNA clones, mGluR2, mGluR3, and mGluR4, were isolated from a rat brain
    cDNA library by cross-hybridization with the cDNA for a metabotropic glutamate
    receptor (mGluR1). The cloned receptors show considerable sequence similarity
    with mGluR1 and possess a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative
    membrane-spanning segments. mGluR2 is expressed in some particular neuronal cells
    different from those expressing mGluR1 and mediates an efficient inhibition of
    forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation in cDNA- transfected cells. The mGluRs thus
    form a novel family of G protein-coupled receptors that differ in their signal
    transduction and expression patterns.
acknowledgement: 'We are grateful to Noboru Mizuno for helpful discussion and Akira
  Uesugi for photographic assistance. This work was sup. ported in part by research
  grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of
  publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.
  This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with
  18 USC Sec-tion 1734 solely to indicate this fact. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yasuto
  full_name: Tanabe, Yasuto
  last_name: Tanabe
- first_name: Masayuki
  full_name: Masu, Masayuki
  last_name: Masu
- first_name: Takahiro
  full_name: Ishii, Takahiro
  last_name: Ishii
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Shigetada
  full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
  last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
  ama: Tanabe Y, Masu M, Ishii T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. A family of metabotropic
    glutamate receptors. <i>Neuron</i>. 1992;8(1):169-179. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W">10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W</a>
  apa: Tanabe, Y., Masu, M., Ishii, T., Shigemoto, R., &#38; Nakanishi, S. (1992).
    A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors. <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W">https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W</a>
  chicago: Tanabe, Yasuto, Masayuki Masu, Takahiro Ishii, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Shigetada
    Nakanishi. “A Family of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.” <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier,
    1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W">https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W</a>.
  ieee: Y. Tanabe, M. Masu, T. Ishii, R. Shigemoto, and S. Nakanishi, “A family of
    metabotropic glutamate receptors,” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 8, no. 1. Elsevier, pp.
    169–179, 1992.
  ista: Tanabe Y, Masu M, Ishii T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. 1992. A family of metabotropic
    glutamate receptors. Neuron. 8(1), 169–179.
  mla: Tanabe, Yasuto, et al. “A Family of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.” <i>Neuron</i>,
    vol. 8, no. 1, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 169–79, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W">10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W</a>.
  short: Y. Tanabe, M. Masu, T. Ishii, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, Neuron 8 (1992)
    169–179.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:56Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T10:17:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1309649 '
intvolume: '         8'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739290118W?via%3Dihub
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 169 - 179
pmid: 1
publication: Neuron
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0896-6273
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4417'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 8
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2485'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Endothelins (ETs) are very potent vasoconstrictive peptides and have diverse
    functions in both vascular and nonvascular tissues. This investigation concerns
    the tissue distribution and cellular localization of rat mRNAs encoding two different
    subtypes of ET receptors (ET(A) and ET(B)). We isolated 46 cDNA clones from a
    rat lung cDNA library by hybridization with the bovine ET(A) cDNA. The characterization
    of these cDNA clones indicated that they represent either the ET(A) or ET(B) cDNA.
    In situ and blot hybridization analyses revealed that the rat ET(A) mRNA is predominantly
    expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of a variety of tissues, bronchial smooth
    muscle cells, myocardium, and the pituitary gland. There is no significant expression
    of ET(B) mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells, and ET(A), thus, plays a primary
    role in ET-induced vascular contraction. ET(B) mRNA is more widely distributed
    in various cell types of many tissues. Its prominent expression is seen in glial
    cells throughout the brain regions, epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, ependymal
    cells lining the ventricle, myocardium, endothelial cells of glomeruli, and epithelial
    cells of the thin segments of Henle's loops. Our investigation demonstrates that
    the mRNAs for the two subtypes of rat ET receptors show specialized expression
    patterns of cell types in both brain and peripheral tissues.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Seiji
  full_name: Hori, Seiji
  last_name: Hori
- first_name: Yasato
  full_name: Komatsu, Yasato
  last_name: Komatsu
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Noboru
  full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
  last_name: Mizuno
- first_name: Shigetada
  full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
  last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
  ama: Hori S, Komatsu Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Distinct tissue distribution
    and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different
    subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. <i>Endocrinology</i>. 1992;130(4):1885-1895.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429">10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429</a>
  apa: Hori, S., Komatsu, Y., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., &#38; Nakanishi, S. (1992).
    Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic
    acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. <i>Endocrinology</i>.
    The Endocrine Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429">https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429</a>
  chicago: Hori, Seiji, Yasato Komatsu, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada
    Nakanishi. “Distinct Tissue Distribution and Cellular Localization of Two Messenger
    Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Different Subtypes of Rat Endothelin Receptors.” <i>Endocrinology</i>.
    The Endocrine Society, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429">https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429</a>.
  ieee: S. Hori, Y. Komatsu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Distinct
    tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids
    encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors,” <i>Endocrinology</i>,
    vol. 130, no. 4. The Endocrine Society, pp. 1885–1895, 1992.
  ista: Hori S, Komatsu Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1992. Distinct tissue
    distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding
    different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology. 130(4), 1885–1895.
  mla: Hori, Seiji, et al. “Distinct Tissue Distribution and Cellular Localization
    of Two Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Different Subtypes of Rat Endothelin
    Receptors.” <i>Endocrinology</i>, vol. 130, no. 4, The Endocrine Society, 1992,
    pp. 1885–95, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429">10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429</a>.
  short: S. Hori, Y. Komatsu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Endocrinology
    130 (1992) 1885–1895.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:56Z
date_published: 1992-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T09:54:59Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1312429'
intvolume: '       130'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://academic.oup.com/endo/article-abstract/130/4/1885/2535978
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 1885 - 1895
pmid: 1
publication: Endocrinology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0013-7227
publication_status: published
publisher: The Endocrine Society
publist_id: '4416'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic
  acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 130
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2486'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1), which
    is linked to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis, was investigated in adult and developing
    rat central nervous system (CNS) by in situ hybridization. Transcripts of mGluR1
    were specifically localized to neurons and widely distributed throughout the adult
    rat brain. Most intensely labeled neurons were Purkinje cells of the cerebellum,
    mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb, and neurons in the hippocampus,
    lateral septum, thalamus, globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, ventral pallidum,
    magnocellular preoptic nucleus, substantia nigra, and dorsal cochlear nucleus.
    Moderately labeled neurons were seen in high density in the dentate gyrus, striatum,
    islands of Calleja, superficial layers of the retrosplenial, cingulate and entorhinal
    cortices, mammillary nuclei, red nucleus, and superior colliculus. In the developing
    rat brain, the level of mGluR1 expression gradually increased during early postnatal
    days in accordance with the maturation of neuronal elements. These results show
    prominent expression of mGluR1 in the major targets of putative glutamatergic
    pathways and unique distribution pattern of mGluR1 distinct from those reported
    for ionotropic subtypes of glutamate receptors, suggesting specific roles of mGluR1
    in the glutamatergic system.
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Mr.  Akira Uesugi for photographic help. This
  work was supported in part by research grants from Senri Life Science Foundation
  and the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Shigetada
  full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
  last_name: Nakanishi
- first_name: Noboru
  full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
  last_name: Mizuno
citation:
  ama: 'Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic
    glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization
    study in adult and developing rat. <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>. 1992;322(1):121-135.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110">10.1002/cne.903220110</a>'
  apa: 'Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., &#38; Mizuno, N. (1992). Distribution of the
    mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system:
    An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. <i>Journal of Comparative
    Neurology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110">https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110</a>'
  chicago: 'Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Distribution
    of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (MGluR1) in the Central Nervous
    System: An in Situ Hybridization Study in Adult and Developing Rat.” <i>Journal
    of Comparative Neurology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110">https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Distribution of the mRNA for
    a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in
    situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat,” <i>Journal of Comparative
    Neurology</i>, vol. 322, no. 1. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 121–135, 1992.'
  ista: 'Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1992. Distribution of the mRNA for a
    metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in
    situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology.
    322(1), 121–135.'
  mla: 'Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Distribution of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate
    Receptor (MGluR1) in the Central Nervous System: An in Situ Hybridization Study
    in Adult and Developing Rat.” <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>, vol. 322,
    no. 1, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 121–35, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110">10.1002/cne.903220110</a>.'
  short: R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 322
    (1992) 121–135.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:57Z
date_published: 1992-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T09:41:37Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/cne.903220110
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1430307'
intvolume: '       322'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.903220110
month: '08'
oa_version: Published Version
page: 121 - 135
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0021-9967
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '4415'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in
  the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing
  rat'
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 322
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2531'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The distribution of NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) on neurons in the peripheral ganglia
    was examined in the adult rat by in situ hybridization. NMDAR1 mRNA was expressed
    in all neurons in the sensory and autonomic ganglia examined; in the dorsal root,
    trigeminal, nodose, superior cervical, and sphenopalatine ganglia. Possible roles
    of the NMDA receptor on the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons are discussed.
acknowledgement: The photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi is gratefully acknowledged.
  This work has been supported by research grants from the Ministry of Education,
  Science and Culture of Japan.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Hitoshi
  full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi
  last_name: Ohishi
- first_name: Shigetada
  full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
  last_name: Nakanishi
- first_name: Noboru
  full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
  last_name: Mizuno
citation:
  ama: Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Expression of the mRNA for the
    rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons. <i>Neuroscience
    Letters</i>. 1992;144(1-2):229-232. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W">10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W</a>
  apa: Shigemoto, R., Ohishi, H., Nakanishi, S., &#38; Mizuno, N. (1992). Expression
    of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion
    neurons. <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W">https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W</a>
  chicago: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Hitoshi Ohishi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno.
    “Expression of the MRNA for the Rat NMDA Receptor (NMDAR1) in the Sensory and
    Autonomic Ganglion Neurons.” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. Elsevier, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W">https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W</a>.
  ieee: R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Expression of the mRNA
    for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons,”
    <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>, vol. 144, no. 1–2. Elsevier, pp. 229–232, 1992.
  ista: Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1992. Expression of the mRNA
    for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons.
    Neuroscience Letters. 144(1–2), 229–232.
  mla: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Expression of the MRNA for the Rat NMDA Receptor
    (NMDAR1) in the Sensory and Autonomic Ganglion Neurons.” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>,
    vol. 144, no. 1–2, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 229–32, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W">10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W</a>.
  short: R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 144
    (1992) 229–232.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:13Z
date_published: 1992-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-18T13:15:02Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1436707'
intvolume: '       144'
issue: 1-2
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030439409290756W
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 229 - 232
pmid: 1
publication: Neuroscience Letters
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0304-3940
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4368'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and
  autonomic ganglion neurons
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 144
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2532'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In the present study, we have investigated the expression of both the erythrocyte-type
    (GLUT1) and the brain-type (GLUT3) glucose transporter isoforms in primary human
    brain tumors. In situ hybridization made it possible to localize and semiquantify
    both GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNAs of individual cells in all 18 samples examined. More
    signals for GLUT3 mRNA than for GLUT1 mRNA were found over astrocytoma cells,
    while the reverse was the case in all 6 meningiomas. In astrocytomas, for both
    mRNAs, the density of silver grains over tumor cells was well correlated with
    the malignancy of the cells. This correlation was, as was also confirmed by Northern
    blot analysis, more marked with GLUT3 mRNA than with GLUT1 mRNA. In 2 of 5 anaplastic
    astrocytomas and in all 3 glioblastomas, numerous tumor cells with large amounts
    of both mRNAs tended to surround the perivascular regions. 'Tumor vessels' with
    endothelial proliferation, an almost pathognomonic feature of glioblastomas, expressed
    much GLUT3 mRNA but no significant GLUT1 mRNA, while a single- or a few-layered
    capillary endothelium expressed much GLUT1 mRNA. The distribution of both mRNAs
    was in good accordance with that of both proteins. Our results suggest that the
    expression of both glucose transporter isoforms may contribute to the maintenance
    of human brain tumors and that the expression of the GLUT3 isoform may be closely
    related to the malignant change of astrocytomas and particularly related to the
    aberrant neovascularization which accompanies glioblastomas.
acknowledgement: 'We wish to acknowledge generous donations of human samples by the
  following neurosurgeons: Drs. Taro Fukumitsu. Akinori Kondo, Toyoshiro Yamamoto,
  Juji Takeuchi, Junya Hanakita, Syunichi Yoneda, and Michio Nishikawa. We are very
  grateful to Dr. G. I. Bell (The University of Chicago) for providing the cDNA clones
  of GLUTI and GLUT3. We thank Drs. Yoshifumi Yokota, Yuichiro Yamada. and Manabu
  Fukumoto for their helpful advice. We also thank Yoshinobu Toda and Hiroko Sato
  for their expert technical assistance. Supported in part by Grants in Aids for Basic
  Research on Radiation Therapy (03151034) and Special Project Research on Cancer
  Bio-Science from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan, by Takeda
  Medical Foundation, and by Monbusho International Scientific Research: Joint Research.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tatsuya
  full_name: Nishioka, Tatsuya
  last_name: Nishioka
- first_name: Yoshifumi
  full_name: Oda, Yoshifumi
  last_name: Oda
- first_name: Yutaka
  full_name: Seino, Yutaka
  last_name: Seino
- first_name: Taizo
  full_name: Yamamoto, Taizo
  last_name: Yamamoto
- first_name: Nobuya
  full_name: Inagaki, Nobuya
  last_name: Inagaki
- first_name: Hideki
  full_name: Yano, Hideki
  last_name: Yano
- first_name: Hiroo
  full_name: Imura, Hiroo
  last_name: Imura
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Haruhiko
  full_name: Kikuchi, Haruhiko
  last_name: Kikuchi
citation:
  ama: Nishioka T, Oda Y, Seino Y, et al. Distribution of the glucose transporters
    in human brain tumors. <i>Cancer Research</i>. 1992;52(14):3972-3979.
  apa: Nishioka, T., Oda, Y., Seino, Y., Yamamoto, T., Inagaki, N., Yano, H., … Kikuchi,
    H. (1992). Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors. <i>Cancer
    Research</i>. American Association for Cancer Research.
  chicago: Nishioka, Tatsuya, Yoshifumi Oda, Yutaka Seino, Taizo Yamamoto, Nobuya
    Inagaki, Hideki Yano, Hiroo Imura, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Haruhiko Kikuchi. “Distribution
    of the Glucose Transporters in Human Brain Tumors.” <i>Cancer Research</i>. American
    Association for Cancer Research, 1992.
  ieee: T. Nishioka <i>et al.</i>, “Distribution of the glucose transporters in human
    brain tumors,” <i>Cancer Research</i>, vol. 52, no. 14. American Association for
    Cancer Research, pp. 3972–3979, 1992.
  ista: Nishioka T, Oda Y, Seino Y, Yamamoto T, Inagaki N, Yano H, Imura H, Shigemoto
    R, Kikuchi H. 1992. Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors.
    Cancer Research. 52(14), 3972–3979.
  mla: Nishioka, Tatsuya, et al. “Distribution of the Glucose Transporters in Human
    Brain Tumors.” <i>Cancer Research</i>, vol. 52, no. 14, American Association for
    Cancer Research, 1992, pp. 3972–79.
  short: T. Nishioka, Y. Oda, Y. Seino, T. Yamamoto, N. Inagaki, H. Yano, H. Imura,
    R. Shigemoto, H. Kikuchi, Cancer Research 52 (1992) 3972–3979.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:13Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T15:38:42Z
day: '01'
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1617673'
intvolume: '        52'
issue: '14'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/52/14/3972/497930/Distribution-of-the-Glucose-Transporters-in-Human
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 3972 - 3979
pmid: 1
publication: Cancer Research
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0008-5472
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for Cancer Research
publist_id: '4367'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 52
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2533'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A cDNA clone for a new metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, was isolated
    through polymerase chain reaction-mediated DNA amplification by using primer sequences
    conserved among the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) family and by the
    subsequent screening of a rat brain cDNA library. The cloned receptor consists
    of 1171 amino acid residues and exhibits a structural architecture common to the
    mGluR family, possessing a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative
    membrane-spanning segments. mGluR5 shows the highest sequence similarity to mGluR1
    among the mGluR members and is coupled to the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol
    hydrolysis/ Ca2+ signal transduction in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected
    with the cloned cDNA. This receptor also resembles mGluR1 in its agonist selectivity
    and antagonist responses; the potency rank order of agonists for mGluR5 was determined
    to be quisqualate &gt; L-glutamate ≥ ibotenate &gt; trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate.
    Blot and in situ hybridization analyses indicated that mGluR5 mRNA is widely distributed
    in neuronal cells of the central nervous system and is expressed differently from
    mGluR1 mRNA in many brain regions. This investigation thus demonstrates that there
    is an additional mGluR subtype which closely resembles mGluR1 in its signal transduction
    and pharmacological properties and is expressed in specialized neuronal cells
    in the central nervous system.
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Seiji Ito for help of Ca2+ measurements and Akira
  Uesugi for photographic assistance.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Takaaki
  full_name: Abe, Takaaki
  last_name: Abe
- first_name: Hidemitsu
  full_name: Sugihara, Hidemitsu
  last_name: Sugihara
- first_name: Hiroyuki
  full_name: Nawa, Hiroyuki
  last_name: Nawa
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Noboru
  full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
  last_name: Mizuno
- first_name: Shigetada
  full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
  last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
  ama: Abe T, Sugihara H, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Molecular characterization
    of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+
    signal transduction. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. 1992;267(19):13361-13368.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3">10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3</a>
  apa: Abe, T., Sugihara, H., Nawa, H., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., &#38; Nakanishi,
    S. (1992). Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor
    mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. <i>Journal of Biological
    Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3</a>
  chicago: Abe, Takaaki, Hidemitsu Sugihara, Hiroyuki Nawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru
    Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Metabotropic
    Glutamate Receptor MGluR5 Coupled to Inositol Phosphate/Ca2+ Signal Transduction.”
    <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and
    Molecular Biology, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3</a>.
  ieee: T. Abe, H. Sugihara, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Molecular
    characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to
    inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction,” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>,
    vol. 267, no. 19. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp.
    13361–13368, 1992.
  ista: Abe T, Sugihara H, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1992. Molecular
    characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to
    inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry.
    267(19), 13361–13368.
  mla: Abe, Takaaki, et al. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Metabotropic Glutamate
    Receptor MGluR5 Coupled to Inositol Phosphate/Ca2+ Signal Transduction.” <i>Journal
    of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 267, no. 19, American Society for Biochemistry
    and Molecular Biology, 1992, pp. 13361–68, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3">10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3</a>.
  short: T. Abe, H. Sugihara, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Journal
    of Biological Chemistry 267 (1992) 13361–13368.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:14Z
date_published: 1992-07-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T15:08:29Z
day: '05'
doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1320017'
intvolume: '       267'
issue: '19'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925818422193
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 13361 - 13368
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Biological Chemistry
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0021-9258
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
publist_id: '4366'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5
  coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 267
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2534'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a 28 amino acid peptide hormone,
    plays many physiological roles in the peripheral and central nerve systems. A
    functional cDNA clone of the VIP receptor was isolated from a rat lung cDNA library
    by cross-hybridization with the secretin receptor cDNA. VIP bound the cloned VIP
    receptor expressed in mouse COP cells and stimulated adenylate cyclase through
    the cloned receptor. The rat VIP receptor consists of 459 amino acids with a calculated
    Mr of 52,054 and contains seven transmembrane segments. It is structurally related
    to the secretin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone receptors, suggesting that
    they constitute a new subfamily of the G5 protein - coupled receptors. VIP receptor
    mRNA was detected in various rat tissues including liver, lung, intestines, and
    brain. In situ hybridization revealed that VIP receptor mRNA is widely distributed
    in neuronal cells of the adult rat brain, with a relatively high expression in
    the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
acknowledgement: "We thank Drs. R. Yoshida, K. Katoh, and K. lmamura for help with
  the in situ hybridization, Dr. M. Nishizawa for discussion, and Ms. M. lkeda for
  secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the
  Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of publication of
  this article were defrayed in part\r\nby the payment of page charges. This article
  must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC Section
  1734 solely to indicate this fact."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Takeshi
  full_name: Ishihara, Takeshi
  last_name: Ishihara
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Kensaku
  full_name: Mori, Kensaku
  last_name: Mori
- first_name: Kenji
  full_name: Takahashi, Kenji
  last_name: Takahashi
- first_name: Shigekazu
  full_name: Nagata, Shigekazu
  last_name: Nagata
citation:
  ama: Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Takahashi K, Nagata S. Functional expression
    and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
    <i>Neuron</i>. 1992;8(4):811-819. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I">10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I</a>
  apa: Ishihara, T., Shigemoto, R., Mori, K., Takahashi, K., &#38; Nagata, S. (1992).
    Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive
    intestinal polypeptide. <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I">https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I</a>
  chicago: Ishihara, Takeshi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Kensaku Mori, Kenji Takahashi, and
    Shigekazu Nagata. “Functional Expression and Tissue Distribution of a Novel Receptor
    for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.” <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I">https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I</a>.
  ieee: T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, K. Takahashi, and S. Nagata, “Functional
    expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal
    polypeptide,” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 8, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 811–819, 1992.
  ista: Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Takahashi K, Nagata S. 1992. Functional expression
    and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
    Neuron. 8(4), 811–819.
  mla: Ishihara, Takeshi, et al. “Functional Expression and Tissue Distribution of
    a Novel Receptor for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 8,
    no. 4, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 811–19, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I">10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I</a>.
  short: T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, K. Takahashi, S. Nagata, Neuron 8 (1992)
    811–819.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:14Z
date_published: 1992-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T13:33:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1314625'
intvolume: '         8'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739290101I?via%3Dihub
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 811 - 819
pmid: 1
publication: Neuron
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0896-6273
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4363'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive
  intestinal polypeptide
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 8
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2535'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We report the molecular characterization of two novel rat helix-loop-helix
    (HLH) proteins, designated HES-1 and HES-3, that show structural homology to the
    Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split [E(spl)] proteins, both of which are required
    for normal neurogenesis. HES-1 mRNA, expressed in various tissues of both embryos
    and adults, is present at a high level in the epithelial cells, including the
    embryonal neuroepithelial cells, as well as in the mesoderm-derived tissues such
    as the embryonal muscle. In contrast, HES-3 mRNA is produced exclusively in cerebellar
    Purkinje cells. HES-1 represses transcription by binding to the N box, which is
    a recognition sequence of E(spl) proteins. Interestingly, neither HES-1 nor HES-3
    alone interacts efficiently with the E box, but each protein decreases the transcription
    induced by E-box-binding HLH activators such as E47. Furthermore, HES-1 also inhibits
    the functions of MyoD and MASH1 and effectively diminishes the myogenic conversion
    of C3H10T1/2 cells induced by MyoD. These results suggest that HES-1 may play
    an important role in mammalian development by negatively acting on the two different
    sequences while HES-3 acts as a repressor in a specific type of neurons.
acknowledgement: "We thank Professor Noboru Mizuno for his kind help with in situ
  hybridization experiments, Akira Uesugi and Dr. Chihiro\r\nAkazawa for photographic
  assistance, Drs. Elizabeth Knust and Jose A. Campos-Ortega for communicating their
  unpublished results, Dr. Shinji Fushiki for useful discussion, Dr. Mikio Nishizawa
  and Professor Shigekazu Nagata for pMNT, Dr. David Baltimore for the E47 expression
  vector, Drs. Yoichiro Nabeshima and Atsuko Fujisawa for the MyoD expression vector
  and the reporter plasmid with the MCK enhancer, and Dr. Makoto Ishibashi for his
  help in isolating the human E47 eDNA clone. This work was supported in part by research
  grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan. The publication
  costs of this article were defrayed in part by payment of page charges. This article
  must therefore be hereby marked \"advertisement\" in accordance with 18 USC section
  1734 solely to indicate this fact. \r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yoshiki
  full_name: Sasai, Yoshiki
  last_name: Sasai
- first_name: Ryoichiro
  full_name: Kageyama, Ryoichiro
  last_name: Kageyama
- first_name: Yoshiaki
  full_name: Tagawa, Yoshiaki
  last_name: Tagawa
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Shigetada
  full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
  last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
  ama: Sasai Y, Kageyama R, Tagawa Y, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. Two mammalian helix-loop-helix
    factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split. <i>Genes
    and Development</i>. 1992;6(12 B):2620-2634. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620">10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620</a>
  apa: Sasai, Y., Kageyama, R., Tagawa, Y., Shigemoto, R., &#38; Nakanishi, S. (1992).
    Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy
    and Enhancer of split. <i>Genes and Development</i>. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620">https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620</a>
  chicago: Sasai, Yoshiki, Ryoichiro Kageyama, Yoshiaki Tagawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto,
    and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Two Mammalian Helix-Loop-Helix Factors Structurally
    Related to Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split.” <i>Genes and Development</i>.
    Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620">https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620</a>.
  ieee: Y. Sasai, R. Kageyama, Y. Tagawa, R. Shigemoto, and S. Nakanishi, “Two mammalian
    helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer
    of split,” <i>Genes and Development</i>, vol. 6, no. 12 B. Cold Spring Harbor
    Laboratory Press, pp. 2620–2634, 1992.
  ista: Sasai Y, Kageyama R, Tagawa Y, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. 1992. Two mammalian
    helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer
    of split. Genes and Development. 6(12 B), 2620–2634.
  mla: Sasai, Yoshiki, et al. “Two Mammalian Helix-Loop-Helix Factors Structurally
    Related to Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split.” <i>Genes and Development</i>,
    vol. 6, no. 12 B, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1992, pp. 2620–34, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620">10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620</a>.
  short: Y. Sasai, R. Kageyama, Y. Tagawa, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, Genes and Development
    6 (1992) 2620–2634.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:15Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T14:52:29Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '1340473'
intvolume: '         6'
issue: 12 B
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/6/12b/2620
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2620 - 2634
pmid: 1
publication: Genes and Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-9369
publication_status: published
publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
publist_id: '4364'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy
  and Enhancer of split
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 6
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2714'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: László
  full_name: Erdös, László
  id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Erdös
  orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
citation:
  ama: Erdös L. On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers.
    <i>Acta Mathematica Hungarica</i>. 1992;59(1-2):11-24. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086">10.1007/BF00052086</a>
  apa: Erdös, L. (1992). On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex
    numbers. <i>Acta Mathematica Hungarica</i>. Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086</a>
  chicago: Erdös, László. “On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Power Sums of Complex
    Numbers.” <i>Acta Mathematica Hungarica</i>. Springer, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086</a>.
  ieee: L. Erdös, “On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers,”
    <i>Acta Mathematica Hungarica</i>, vol. 59, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 11–24, 1992.
  ista: Erdös L. 1992. On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex
    numbers. Acta Mathematica Hungarica. 59(1–2), 11–24.
  mla: Erdös, László. “On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Power Sums of Complex
    Numbers.” <i>Acta Mathematica Hungarica</i>, vol. 59, no. 1–2, Springer, 1992,
    pp. 11–24, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086">10.1007/BF00052086</a>.
  short: L. Erdös, Acta Mathematica Hungarica 59 (1992) 11–24.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:59:13Z
date_published: 1992-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T15:33:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BF00052086
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        59'
issue: 1-2
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00052086
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 11 - 24
publication: Acta Mathematica Hungarica
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0001-5954
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4182'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 59
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2722'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'A version of the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas is considered: a point particle
    of mass M (molecule), confined to the unit interval [0,1], is surrounded by an
    infinite ideal gas of point particles of mass 1 (atoms). The molecule interacts
    with the atoms and with the walls via elastic collision. Central limit theorems
    are proved for a wide class of additive functionals of this system (e.g. the number
    of collisions with the walls and the total length of the molecular path).'
acknowledgement: "The authors are very grateful to D. Szasz and A. Kramli for valuable
  discussions and their encouragement. We are also indebted to D. Dϋrr for his comments
  and suggestions.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: László
  full_name: Erdös, László
  id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Erdös
  orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
- first_name: Dao
  full_name: Tuyen, Dao
  last_name: Tuyen
citation:
  ama: Erdös L, Tuyen D. Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas
    with semipermeable barriers. <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>. 1992;143(3):451-466.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260">10.1007/BF02099260</a>
  apa: Erdös, L., &#38; Tuyen, D. (1992). Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional
    Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers. <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>.
    Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260</a>
  chicago: Erdös, László, and Dao Tuyen. “Central Limit Theorems for the One-Dimensional
    Rayleigh Gas with Semipermeable Barriers.” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>.
    Springer, 1992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260</a>.
  ieee: L. Erdös and D. Tuyen, “Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh
    gas with semipermeable barriers,” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>,
    vol. 143, no. 3. Springer, pp. 451–466, 1992.
  ista: Erdös L, Tuyen D. 1992. Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh
    gas with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 143(3),
    451–466.
  mla: Erdös, László, and Dao Tuyen. “Central Limit Theorems for the One-Dimensional
    Rayleigh Gas with Semipermeable Barriers.” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>,
    vol. 143, no. 3, Springer, 1992, pp. 451–66, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260">10.1007/BF02099260</a>.
  short: L. Erdös, D. Tuyen, Communications in Mathematical Physics 143 (1992) 451–466.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:59:15Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T14:24:12Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BF02099260
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       143'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://projecteuclid.org/journals/communications-in-mathematical-physics/volume-143/issue-3/Central-limit-theorems-for-the-one-dimensional-Rayleigh-gas-with/cmp/1104249076.full
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 451 - 466
publication: Communications in Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0010-3616
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4170'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable
  barriers
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 143
year: '1992'
...
