---
_id: '4302'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
ama: Barton NH. Review of "The causes of molecular evolution"
by J.H. Gillespie. Genetical Research. 1993;62(1):77-85. doi:10.1017/S001667230003158X
apa: Barton, N. H. (1993). Review of "The causes of molecular evolution"
by J.H. Gillespie. Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001667230003158X
chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “Review of "The Causes of Molecular Evolution"
by J.H. Gillespie.” Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press, 1993.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S001667230003158X
.
ieee: N. H. Barton, “Review of "The causes of molecular evolution"
by J.H. Gillespie,” Genetical Research, vol. 62, no. 1. Cambridge University
Press, pp. 77–85, 1993.
ista: Barton NH. 1993. Review of "The causes of molecular evolution"
by J.H. Gillespie. Genetical Research. 62(1), 77–85.
mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “Review of "The Causes of Molecular Evolution"
by J.H. Gillespie.” Genetical Research, vol. 62, no. 1, Cambridge University
Press, 1993, pp. 77–85, doi:10.1017/S001667230003158X .
short: N.H. Barton, Genetical Research 62 (1993) 77–85.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:08Z
date_published: 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-23T16:05:31Z
day: '01'
doi: '10.1017/S001667230003158X '
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 62'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/genetics-research/article/causes-of-molecular-evolution-by-john-h-gillespie-oxford-university-press-1992-336-pages-price-2500-isbn-0-19-506883-1/FF2B56D0B883F340BEC4E3C068F89F6C
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 77 - 85
publication: Genetical Research
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0016-6723
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
publist_id: '1763'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Review of "The causes of molecular evolution" by J.H. Gillespie
type: review
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 62
year: '1993'
...
---
_id: '4303'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In a stably subdivided population with symmetric migration, the chance that
a favoured allele will be fixed is independent of population structure. However,
random extinction introduces an extra component of sampling drift, and reduces
the probability of fixation. In this paper, the fixation probability is calculated
using the diffusion approximation; comparison with exact solution of the discrete
model shows this to be accurate. The key parameters are the rates of selection,
migration and extinction, scaled relative to population size (S = 4Ns, M = 4Nm,
Λ = 4Nλ); results apply to a haploid model, or to diploids with additive selection.
If new colonies derive from many demes, the fixation probability cannot be reduced
by more than half. However, if colonies are initially homogeneous, fixation probability
can be much reduced. In the limit of low migration and extinction rates (M, Λ
1), it is 2s/{1 + (Λ/MS)(1 −exp(−S))}, whilst in the opposite limit (S 1), it
is 4sM/{Λ(Λ + M)}. In the limit of weak selection (M, Λ 1), it is 4sM/{Λ(Λ +
M)}. These factors are not the same as the reduction in effective population size
(Ne/N), showing that the effects of population structure on selected alleles cannot
be understood from the behaviour of neutral markers.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by grants from the SERC (GR/H/09928) and
NERC (GR/3/8002), and by the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh. Thanks are due to B. Nürnberger
for convincing me that population structure does reduce fixation probability, to
M. Whitlock for discussions on calculations of effective population size, and to
W. G. Hill, P. Keightley and the anonymous referees for their comments.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
ama: Barton NH. The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided
population. Genetics Research. 1993;62(2):149-158. doi:10.1017/S0016672300031748
apa: Barton, N. H. (1993). The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a
subdivided population. Genetics Research. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016672300031748
chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “The Probability of Fixation of a Favoured Allele in
a Subdivided Population.” Genetics Research. Cambridge University Press,
1993. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016672300031748.
ieee: N. H. Barton, “The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided
population,” Genetics Research, vol. 62, no. 2. Cambridge University Press,
pp. 149–158, 1993.
ista: Barton NH. 1993. The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided
population. Genetics Research. 62(2), 149–158.
mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “The Probability of Fixation of a Favoured Allele in a
Subdivided Population.” Genetics Research, vol. 62, no. 2, Cambridge University
Press, 1993, pp. 149–58, doi:10.1017/S0016672300031748.
short: N.H. Barton, Genetics Research 62 (1993) 149–158.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:09Z
date_published: 1993-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-23T15:41:32Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/S0016672300031748
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 62'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/genetics-research/article/probability-of-fixation-of-a-favoured-allele-in-a-subdivided-population/3257B4AEC7044AFE40436C2DC15FBC4C#article
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: 149 - 158
publication: Genetics Research
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0016-6723
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
publist_id: '1762'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided population
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 62
year: '1993'
...
---
_id: '4304'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
ama: Barton NH. Why species and subspecies? Current Biology. 1993;3(11):797-799.
doi:10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N
apa: Barton, N. H. (1993). Why species and subspecies? Current Biology. Cell
Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N
chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “Why Species and Subspecies?” Current Biology.
Cell Press, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N.
ieee: N. H. Barton, “Why species and subspecies?,” Current Biology, vol.
3, no. 11. Cell Press, pp. 797–799, 1993.
ista: Barton NH. 1993. Why species and subspecies? Current Biology. 3(11), 797–799.
mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “Why Species and Subspecies?” Current Biology, vol.
3, no. 11, Cell Press, 1993, pp. 797–99, doi:10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N.
short: N.H. Barton, Current Biology 3 (1993) 797–799.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:09Z
date_published: 1993-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-23T13:19:21Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 3'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/096098229390036N?via%3Dihub
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 797 - 799
publication: Current Biology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0960-9822
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '1761'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Why species and subspecies?
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 3
year: '1993'
...
---
_id: '4506'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We propose a formal framework for designing hybrid systems by stepwise refinement.
Starting with a specification in hybrid temporal logic, we make successively more
transitions explicit until we obtain an executable system.
acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under grants CCR-92-00794 and CCR-92-23226, by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency under contract NAG2-703, by the United States Air Force Office of Scientific
Research under contracts F49620-93-1-0056 and F49620-93-1-0139, and by the European
Community ESPRIT Basic Research Action Project 6021 (REACT).
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Zohar
full_name: Manna, Zohar
last_name: Manna
- first_name: Amir
full_name: Pnueli, Amir
last_name: Pnueli
citation:
ama: 'Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. Towards refining temporal specifications
into hybrid systems. In: Grossman R, Nerode A, Ravn A, Rischel H, eds. International
Hybrid Systems Workshop. Vol 736. Springer; 1993:60-76. doi:10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24'
apa: Henzinger, T. A., Manna, Z., & Pnueli, A. (1993). Towards refining temporal
specifications into hybrid systems. In R. Grossman, A. Nerode, A. Ravn, &
H. Rischel (Eds.), International Hybrid Systems Workshop (Vol. 736, pp.
60–76). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24
chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Zohar Manna, and Amir Pnueli. “Towards Refining Temporal
Specifications into Hybrid Systems.” In International Hybrid Systems Workshop,
edited by Robert Grossman, Anil Nerode, Anders Ravn, and Hans Rischel, 736:60–76.
Springer, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24.
ieee: T. A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, and A. Pnueli, “Towards refining temporal specifications
into hybrid systems,” in International Hybrid Systems Workshop, 1993, vol.
736, pp. 60–76.
ista: Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. 1993. Towards refining temporal specifications
into hybrid systems. International Hybrid Systems Workshop. International Hybrid
Systems Workshop, LNCS, vol. 736, 60–76.
mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Towards Refining Temporal Specifications into
Hybrid Systems.” International Hybrid Systems Workshop, edited by Robert
Grossman et al., vol. 736, Springer, 1993, pp. 60–76, doi:10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24.
short: T.A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, A. Pnueli, in:, R. Grossman, A. Nerode, A. Ravn,
H. Rischel (Eds.), International Hybrid Systems Workshop, Springer, 1993, pp.
60–76.
conference:
name: International Hybrid Systems Workshop
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:12Z
date_published: 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-23T13:13:46Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24
editor:
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Grossman, Robert
last_name: Grossman
- first_name: Anil
full_name: Nerode, Anil
last_name: Nerode
- first_name: Anders
full_name: Ravn, Anders
last_name: Ravn
- first_name: Hans
full_name: Rischel, Hans
last_name: Rischel
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 736'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 60 - 76
publication: International Hybrid Systems Workshop
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-540-57318-0
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '225'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Towards refining temporal specifications into hybrid systems
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 736
year: '1993'
...
---
_id: '2484'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Three cDNA clones, mGluR2, mGluR3, and mGluR4, were isolated from a rat brain
cDNA library by cross-hybridization with the cDNA for a metabotropic glutamate
receptor (mGluR1). The cloned receptors show considerable sequence similarity
with mGluR1 and possess a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative
membrane-spanning segments. mGluR2 is expressed in some particular neuronal cells
different from those expressing mGluR1 and mediates an efficient inhibition of
forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation in cDNA- transfected cells. The mGluRs thus
form a novel family of G protein-coupled receptors that differ in their signal
transduction and expression patterns.
acknowledgement: 'We are grateful to Noboru Mizuno for helpful discussion and Akira
Uesugi for photographic assistance. This work was sup. ported in part by research
grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of
publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.
This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with
18 USC Sec-tion 1734 solely to indicate this fact. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yasuto
full_name: Tanabe, Yasuto
last_name: Tanabe
- first_name: Masayuki
full_name: Masu, Masayuki
last_name: Masu
- first_name: Takahiro
full_name: Ishii, Takahiro
last_name: Ishii
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Shigetada
full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
ama: Tanabe Y, Masu M, Ishii T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. A family of metabotropic
glutamate receptors. Neuron. 1992;8(1):169-179. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W
apa: Tanabe, Y., Masu, M., Ishii, T., Shigemoto, R., & Nakanishi, S. (1992).
A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W
chicago: Tanabe, Yasuto, Masayuki Masu, Takahiro Ishii, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Shigetada
Nakanishi. “A Family of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.” Neuron. Elsevier,
1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W.
ieee: Y. Tanabe, M. Masu, T. Ishii, R. Shigemoto, and S. Nakanishi, “A family of
metabotropic glutamate receptors,” Neuron, vol. 8, no. 1. Elsevier, pp.
169–179, 1992.
ista: Tanabe Y, Masu M, Ishii T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. 1992. A family of metabotropic
glutamate receptors. Neuron. 8(1), 169–179.
mla: Tanabe, Yasuto, et al. “A Family of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.” Neuron,
vol. 8, no. 1, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 169–79, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W.
short: Y. Tanabe, M. Masu, T. Ishii, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, Neuron 8 (1992)
169–179.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:56Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T10:17:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1309649 '
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739290118W?via%3Dihub
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 169 - 179
pmid: 1
publication: Neuron
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0896-6273
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4417'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 8
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2485'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Endothelins (ETs) are very potent vasoconstrictive peptides and have diverse
functions in both vascular and nonvascular tissues. This investigation concerns
the tissue distribution and cellular localization of rat mRNAs encoding two different
subtypes of ET receptors (ET(A) and ET(B)). We isolated 46 cDNA clones from a
rat lung cDNA library by hybridization with the bovine ET(A) cDNA. The characterization
of these cDNA clones indicated that they represent either the ET(A) or ET(B) cDNA.
In situ and blot hybridization analyses revealed that the rat ET(A) mRNA is predominantly
expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of a variety of tissues, bronchial smooth
muscle cells, myocardium, and the pituitary gland. There is no significant expression
of ET(B) mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells, and ET(A), thus, plays a primary
role in ET-induced vascular contraction. ET(B) mRNA is more widely distributed
in various cell types of many tissues. Its prominent expression is seen in glial
cells throughout the brain regions, epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, ependymal
cells lining the ventricle, myocardium, endothelial cells of glomeruli, and epithelial
cells of the thin segments of Henle's loops. Our investigation demonstrates that
the mRNAs for the two subtypes of rat ET receptors show specialized expression
patterns of cell types in both brain and peripheral tissues.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Seiji
full_name: Hori, Seiji
last_name: Hori
- first_name: Yasato
full_name: Komatsu, Yasato
last_name: Komatsu
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Noboru
full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
last_name: Mizuno
- first_name: Shigetada
full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
ama: Hori S, Komatsu Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Distinct tissue distribution
and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different
subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology. 1992;130(4):1885-1895.
doi:10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429
apa: Hori, S., Komatsu, Y., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., & Nakanishi, S. (1992).
Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic
acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology.
The Endocrine Society. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429
chicago: Hori, Seiji, Yasato Komatsu, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada
Nakanishi. “Distinct Tissue Distribution and Cellular Localization of Two Messenger
Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Different Subtypes of Rat Endothelin Receptors.” Endocrinology.
The Endocrine Society, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429.
ieee: S. Hori, Y. Komatsu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Distinct
tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids
encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors,” Endocrinology,
vol. 130, no. 4. The Endocrine Society, pp. 1885–1895, 1992.
ista: Hori S, Komatsu Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1992. Distinct tissue
distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding
different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology. 130(4), 1885–1895.
mla: Hori, Seiji, et al. “Distinct Tissue Distribution and Cellular Localization
of Two Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Different Subtypes of Rat Endothelin
Receptors.” Endocrinology, vol. 130, no. 4, The Endocrine Society, 1992,
pp. 1885–95, doi:10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429.
short: S. Hori, Y. Komatsu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Endocrinology
130 (1992) 1885–1895.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:56Z
date_published: 1992-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T09:54:59Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1312429'
intvolume: ' 130'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://academic.oup.com/endo/article-abstract/130/4/1885/2535978
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 1885 - 1895
pmid: 1
publication: Endocrinology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0013-7227
publication_status: published
publisher: The Endocrine Society
publist_id: '4416'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic
acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 130
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2486'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1), which
is linked to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis, was investigated in adult and developing
rat central nervous system (CNS) by in situ hybridization. Transcripts of mGluR1
were specifically localized to neurons and widely distributed throughout the adult
rat brain. Most intensely labeled neurons were Purkinje cells of the cerebellum,
mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb, and neurons in the hippocampus,
lateral septum, thalamus, globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, ventral pallidum,
magnocellular preoptic nucleus, substantia nigra, and dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Moderately labeled neurons were seen in high density in the dentate gyrus, striatum,
islands of Calleja, superficial layers of the retrosplenial, cingulate and entorhinal
cortices, mammillary nuclei, red nucleus, and superior colliculus. In the developing
rat brain, the level of mGluR1 expression gradually increased during early postnatal
days in accordance with the maturation of neuronal elements. These results show
prominent expression of mGluR1 in the major targets of putative glutamatergic
pathways and unique distribution pattern of mGluR1 distinct from those reported
for ionotropic subtypes of glutamate receptors, suggesting specific roles of mGluR1
in the glutamatergic system.
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help. This
work was supported in part by research grants from Senri Life Science Foundation
and the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Shigetada
full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
last_name: Nakanishi
- first_name: Noboru
full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
last_name: Mizuno
citation:
ama: 'Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic
glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization
study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1992;322(1):121-135.
doi:10.1002/cne.903220110'
apa: 'Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1992). Distribution of the
mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system:
An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative
Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110'
chicago: 'Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Distribution
of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (MGluR1) in the Central Nervous
System: An in Situ Hybridization Study in Adult and Developing Rat.” Journal
of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110.'
ieee: 'R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Distribution of the mRNA for
a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in
situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat,” Journal of Comparative
Neurology, vol. 322, no. 1. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 121–135, 1992.'
ista: 'Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1992. Distribution of the mRNA for a
metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in
situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology.
322(1), 121–135.'
mla: 'Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Distribution of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate
Receptor (MGluR1) in the Central Nervous System: An in Situ Hybridization Study
in Adult and Developing Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 322,
no. 1, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 121–35, doi:10.1002/cne.903220110.'
short: R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 322
(1992) 121–135.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:57Z
date_published: 1992-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T09:41:37Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/cne.903220110
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1430307'
intvolume: ' 322'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.903220110
month: '08'
oa_version: Published Version
page: 121 - 135
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0021-9967
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '4415'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in
the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing
rat'
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 322
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2531'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The distribution of NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) on neurons in the peripheral ganglia
was examined in the adult rat by in situ hybridization. NMDAR1 mRNA was expressed
in all neurons in the sensory and autonomic ganglia examined; in the dorsal root,
trigeminal, nodose, superior cervical, and sphenopalatine ganglia. Possible roles
of the NMDA receptor on the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons are discussed.
acknowledgement: The photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi is gratefully acknowledged.
This work has been supported by research grants from the Ministry of Education,
Science and Culture of Japan.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Hitoshi
full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi
last_name: Ohishi
- first_name: Shigetada
full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
last_name: Nakanishi
- first_name: Noboru
full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
last_name: Mizuno
citation:
ama: Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Expression of the mRNA for the
rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience
Letters. 1992;144(1-2):229-232. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W
apa: Shigemoto, R., Ohishi, H., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1992). Expression
of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion
neurons. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W
chicago: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Hitoshi Ohishi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno.
“Expression of the MRNA for the Rat NMDA Receptor (NMDAR1) in the Sensory and
Autonomic Ganglion Neurons.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W.
ieee: R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Expression of the mRNA
for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons,”
Neuroscience Letters, vol. 144, no. 1–2. Elsevier, pp. 229–232, 1992.
ista: Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1992. Expression of the mRNA
for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons.
Neuroscience Letters. 144(1–2), 229–232.
mla: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Expression of the MRNA for the Rat NMDA Receptor
(NMDAR1) in the Sensory and Autonomic Ganglion Neurons.” Neuroscience Letters,
vol. 144, no. 1–2, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 229–32, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W.
short: R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 144
(1992) 229–232.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:13Z
date_published: 1992-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-18T13:15:02Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1436707'
intvolume: ' 144'
issue: 1-2
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030439409290756W
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 229 - 232
pmid: 1
publication: Neuroscience Letters
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0304-3940
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4368'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and
autonomic ganglion neurons
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 144
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2532'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In the present study, we have investigated the expression of both the erythrocyte-type
(GLUT1) and the brain-type (GLUT3) glucose transporter isoforms in primary human
brain tumors. In situ hybridization made it possible to localize and semiquantify
both GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNAs of individual cells in all 18 samples examined. More
signals for GLUT3 mRNA than for GLUT1 mRNA were found over astrocytoma cells,
while the reverse was the case in all 6 meningiomas. In astrocytomas, for both
mRNAs, the density of silver grains over tumor cells was well correlated with
the malignancy of the cells. This correlation was, as was also confirmed by Northern
blot analysis, more marked with GLUT3 mRNA than with GLUT1 mRNA. In 2 of 5 anaplastic
astrocytomas and in all 3 glioblastomas, numerous tumor cells with large amounts
of both mRNAs tended to surround the perivascular regions. 'Tumor vessels' with
endothelial proliferation, an almost pathognomonic feature of glioblastomas, expressed
much GLUT3 mRNA but no significant GLUT1 mRNA, while a single- or a few-layered
capillary endothelium expressed much GLUT1 mRNA. The distribution of both mRNAs
was in good accordance with that of both proteins. Our results suggest that the
expression of both glucose transporter isoforms may contribute to the maintenance
of human brain tumors and that the expression of the GLUT3 isoform may be closely
related to the malignant change of astrocytomas and particularly related to the
aberrant neovascularization which accompanies glioblastomas.
acknowledgement: 'We wish to acknowledge generous donations of human samples by the
following neurosurgeons: Drs. Taro Fukumitsu. Akinori Kondo, Toyoshiro Yamamoto,
Juji Takeuchi, Junya Hanakita, Syunichi Yoneda, and Michio Nishikawa. We are very
grateful to Dr. G. I. Bell (The University of Chicago) for providing the cDNA clones
of GLUTI and GLUT3. We thank Drs. Yoshifumi Yokota, Yuichiro Yamada. and Manabu
Fukumoto for their helpful advice. We also thank Yoshinobu Toda and Hiroko Sato
for their expert technical assistance. Supported in part by Grants in Aids for Basic
Research on Radiation Therapy (03151034) and Special Project Research on Cancer
Bio-Science from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan, by Takeda
Medical Foundation, and by Monbusho International Scientific Research: Joint Research.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tatsuya
full_name: Nishioka, Tatsuya
last_name: Nishioka
- first_name: Yoshifumi
full_name: Oda, Yoshifumi
last_name: Oda
- first_name: Yutaka
full_name: Seino, Yutaka
last_name: Seino
- first_name: Taizo
full_name: Yamamoto, Taizo
last_name: Yamamoto
- first_name: Nobuya
full_name: Inagaki, Nobuya
last_name: Inagaki
- first_name: Hideki
full_name: Yano, Hideki
last_name: Yano
- first_name: Hiroo
full_name: Imura, Hiroo
last_name: Imura
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Haruhiko
full_name: Kikuchi, Haruhiko
last_name: Kikuchi
citation:
ama: Nishioka T, Oda Y, Seino Y, et al. Distribution of the glucose transporters
in human brain tumors. Cancer Research. 1992;52(14):3972-3979.
apa: Nishioka, T., Oda, Y., Seino, Y., Yamamoto, T., Inagaki, N., Yano, H., … Kikuchi,
H. (1992). Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors. Cancer
Research. American Association for Cancer Research.
chicago: Nishioka, Tatsuya, Yoshifumi Oda, Yutaka Seino, Taizo Yamamoto, Nobuya
Inagaki, Hideki Yano, Hiroo Imura, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Haruhiko Kikuchi. “Distribution
of the Glucose Transporters in Human Brain Tumors.” Cancer Research. American
Association for Cancer Research, 1992.
ieee: T. Nishioka et al., “Distribution of the glucose transporters in human
brain tumors,” Cancer Research, vol. 52, no. 14. American Association for
Cancer Research, pp. 3972–3979, 1992.
ista: Nishioka T, Oda Y, Seino Y, Yamamoto T, Inagaki N, Yano H, Imura H, Shigemoto
R, Kikuchi H. 1992. Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors.
Cancer Research. 52(14), 3972–3979.
mla: Nishioka, Tatsuya, et al. “Distribution of the Glucose Transporters in Human
Brain Tumors.” Cancer Research, vol. 52, no. 14, American Association for
Cancer Research, 1992, pp. 3972–79.
short: T. Nishioka, Y. Oda, Y. Seino, T. Yamamoto, N. Inagaki, H. Yano, H. Imura,
R. Shigemoto, H. Kikuchi, Cancer Research 52 (1992) 3972–3979.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:13Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T15:38:42Z
day: '01'
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1617673'
intvolume: ' 52'
issue: '14'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/52/14/3972/497930/Distribution-of-the-Glucose-Transporters-in-Human
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 3972 - 3979
pmid: 1
publication: Cancer Research
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0008-5472
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for Cancer Research
publist_id: '4367'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 52
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2533'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A cDNA clone for a new metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, was isolated
through polymerase chain reaction-mediated DNA amplification by using primer sequences
conserved among the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) family and by the
subsequent screening of a rat brain cDNA library. The cloned receptor consists
of 1171 amino acid residues and exhibits a structural architecture common to the
mGluR family, possessing a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative
membrane-spanning segments. mGluR5 shows the highest sequence similarity to mGluR1
among the mGluR members and is coupled to the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol
hydrolysis/ Ca2+ signal transduction in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected
with the cloned cDNA. This receptor also resembles mGluR1 in its agonist selectivity
and antagonist responses; the potency rank order of agonists for mGluR5 was determined
to be quisqualate > L-glutamate ≥ ibotenate > trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate.
Blot and in situ hybridization analyses indicated that mGluR5 mRNA is widely distributed
in neuronal cells of the central nervous system and is expressed differently from
mGluR1 mRNA in many brain regions. This investigation thus demonstrates that there
is an additional mGluR subtype which closely resembles mGluR1 in its signal transduction
and pharmacological properties and is expressed in specialized neuronal cells
in the central nervous system.
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Seiji Ito for help of Ca2+ measurements and Akira
Uesugi for photographic assistance.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Takaaki
full_name: Abe, Takaaki
last_name: Abe
- first_name: Hidemitsu
full_name: Sugihara, Hidemitsu
last_name: Sugihara
- first_name: Hiroyuki
full_name: Nawa, Hiroyuki
last_name: Nawa
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Noboru
full_name: Mizuno, Noboru
last_name: Mizuno
- first_name: Shigetada
full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
ama: Abe T, Sugihara H, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Molecular characterization
of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+
signal transduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1992;267(19):13361-13368.
doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3
apa: Abe, T., Sugihara, H., Nawa, H., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., & Nakanishi,
S. (1992). Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor
mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. Journal of Biological
Chemistry. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3
chicago: Abe, Takaaki, Hidemitsu Sugihara, Hiroyuki Nawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru
Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Metabotropic
Glutamate Receptor MGluR5 Coupled to Inositol Phosphate/Ca2+ Signal Transduction.”
Journal of Biological Chemistry. American Society for Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3.
ieee: T. Abe, H. Sugihara, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Molecular
characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to
inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction,” Journal of Biological Chemistry,
vol. 267, no. 19. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp.
13361–13368, 1992.
ista: Abe T, Sugihara H, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1992. Molecular
characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to
inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry.
267(19), 13361–13368.
mla: Abe, Takaaki, et al. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Metabotropic Glutamate
Receptor MGluR5 Coupled to Inositol Phosphate/Ca2+ Signal Transduction.” Journal
of Biological Chemistry, vol. 267, no. 19, American Society for Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, 1992, pp. 13361–68, doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3.
short: T. Abe, H. Sugihara, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Journal
of Biological Chemistry 267 (1992) 13361–13368.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:14Z
date_published: 1992-07-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T15:08:29Z
day: '05'
doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1320017'
intvolume: ' 267'
issue: '19'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925818422193
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 13361 - 13368
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Biological Chemistry
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0021-9258
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
publist_id: '4366'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5
coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 267
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2534'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a 28 amino acid peptide hormone,
plays many physiological roles in the peripheral and central nerve systems. A
functional cDNA clone of the VIP receptor was isolated from a rat lung cDNA library
by cross-hybridization with the secretin receptor cDNA. VIP bound the cloned VIP
receptor expressed in mouse COP cells and stimulated adenylate cyclase through
the cloned receptor. The rat VIP receptor consists of 459 amino acids with a calculated
Mr of 52,054 and contains seven transmembrane segments. It is structurally related
to the secretin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone receptors, suggesting that
they constitute a new subfamily of the G5 protein - coupled receptors. VIP receptor
mRNA was detected in various rat tissues including liver, lung, intestines, and
brain. In situ hybridization revealed that VIP receptor mRNA is widely distributed
in neuronal cells of the adult rat brain, with a relatively high expression in
the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
acknowledgement: "We thank Drs. R. Yoshida, K. Katoh, and K. lmamura for help with
the in situ hybridization, Dr. M. Nishizawa for discussion, and Ms. M. lkeda for
secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the
Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of publication of
this article were defrayed in part\r\nby the payment of page charges. This article
must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Takeshi
full_name: Ishihara, Takeshi
last_name: Ishihara
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Kensaku
full_name: Mori, Kensaku
last_name: Mori
- first_name: Kenji
full_name: Takahashi, Kenji
last_name: Takahashi
- first_name: Shigekazu
full_name: Nagata, Shigekazu
last_name: Nagata
citation:
ama: Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Takahashi K, Nagata S. Functional expression
and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
Neuron. 1992;8(4):811-819. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I
apa: Ishihara, T., Shigemoto, R., Mori, K., Takahashi, K., & Nagata, S. (1992).
Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive
intestinal polypeptide. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I
chicago: Ishihara, Takeshi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Kensaku Mori, Kenji Takahashi, and
Shigekazu Nagata. “Functional Expression and Tissue Distribution of a Novel Receptor
for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I.
ieee: T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, K. Takahashi, and S. Nagata, “Functional
expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal
polypeptide,” Neuron, vol. 8, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 811–819, 1992.
ista: Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Takahashi K, Nagata S. 1992. Functional expression
and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
Neuron. 8(4), 811–819.
mla: Ishihara, Takeshi, et al. “Functional Expression and Tissue Distribution of
a Novel Receptor for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.” Neuron, vol. 8,
no. 4, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 811–19, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I.
short: T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, K. Takahashi, S. Nagata, Neuron 8 (1992)
811–819.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:14Z
date_published: 1992-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T13:33:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1314625'
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739290101I?via%3Dihub
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 811 - 819
pmid: 1
publication: Neuron
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0896-6273
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4363'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive
intestinal polypeptide
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 8
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2535'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We report the molecular characterization of two novel rat helix-loop-helix
(HLH) proteins, designated HES-1 and HES-3, that show structural homology to the
Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split [E(spl)] proteins, both of which are required
for normal neurogenesis. HES-1 mRNA, expressed in various tissues of both embryos
and adults, is present at a high level in the epithelial cells, including the
embryonal neuroepithelial cells, as well as in the mesoderm-derived tissues such
as the embryonal muscle. In contrast, HES-3 mRNA is produced exclusively in cerebellar
Purkinje cells. HES-1 represses transcription by binding to the N box, which is
a recognition sequence of E(spl) proteins. Interestingly, neither HES-1 nor HES-3
alone interacts efficiently with the E box, but each protein decreases the transcription
induced by E-box-binding HLH activators such as E47. Furthermore, HES-1 also inhibits
the functions of MyoD and MASH1 and effectively diminishes the myogenic conversion
of C3H10T1/2 cells induced by MyoD. These results suggest that HES-1 may play
an important role in mammalian development by negatively acting on the two different
sequences while HES-3 acts as a repressor in a specific type of neurons.
acknowledgement: "We thank Professor Noboru Mizuno for his kind help with in situ
hybridization experiments, Akira Uesugi and Dr. Chihiro\r\nAkazawa for photographic
assistance, Drs. Elizabeth Knust and Jose A. Campos-Ortega for communicating their
unpublished results, Dr. Shinji Fushiki for useful discussion, Dr. Mikio Nishizawa
and Professor Shigekazu Nagata for pMNT, Dr. David Baltimore for the E47 expression
vector, Drs. Yoichiro Nabeshima and Atsuko Fujisawa for the MyoD expression vector
and the reporter plasmid with the MCK enhancer, and Dr. Makoto Ishibashi for his
help in isolating the human E47 eDNA clone. This work was supported in part by research
grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan. The publication
costs of this article were defrayed in part by payment of page charges. This article
must therefore be hereby marked \"advertisement\" in accordance with 18 USC section
1734 solely to indicate this fact. \r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yoshiki
full_name: Sasai, Yoshiki
last_name: Sasai
- first_name: Ryoichiro
full_name: Kageyama, Ryoichiro
last_name: Kageyama
- first_name: Yoshiaki
full_name: Tagawa, Yoshiaki
last_name: Tagawa
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Shigetada
full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada
last_name: Nakanishi
citation:
ama: Sasai Y, Kageyama R, Tagawa Y, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. Two mammalian helix-loop-helix
factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split. Genes
and Development. 1992;6(12 B):2620-2634. doi:10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620
apa: Sasai, Y., Kageyama, R., Tagawa, Y., Shigemoto, R., & Nakanishi, S. (1992).
Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy
and Enhancer of split. Genes and Development. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Press. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620
chicago: Sasai, Yoshiki, Ryoichiro Kageyama, Yoshiaki Tagawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto,
and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Two Mammalian Helix-Loop-Helix Factors Structurally
Related to Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split.” Genes and Development.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620.
ieee: Y. Sasai, R. Kageyama, Y. Tagawa, R. Shigemoto, and S. Nakanishi, “Two mammalian
helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer
of split,” Genes and Development, vol. 6, no. 12 B. Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory Press, pp. 2620–2634, 1992.
ista: Sasai Y, Kageyama R, Tagawa Y, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. 1992. Two mammalian
helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer
of split. Genes and Development. 6(12 B), 2620–2634.
mla: Sasai, Yoshiki, et al. “Two Mammalian Helix-Loop-Helix Factors Structurally
Related to Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split.” Genes and Development,
vol. 6, no. 12 B, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1992, pp. 2620–34, doi:10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620.
short: Y. Sasai, R. Kageyama, Y. Tagawa, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, Genes and Development
6 (1992) 2620–2634.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:15Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-17T14:52:29Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1340473'
intvolume: ' 6'
issue: 12 B
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/6/12b/2620
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2620 - 2634
pmid: 1
publication: Genes and Development
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0890-9369
publication_status: published
publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
publist_id: '4364'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy
and Enhancer of split
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 6
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2714'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
citation:
ama: Erdös L. On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers.
Acta Mathematica Hungarica. 1992;59(1-2):11-24. doi:10.1007/BF00052086
apa: Erdös, L. (1992). On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex
numbers. Acta Mathematica Hungarica. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086
chicago: Erdös, László. “On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Power Sums of Complex
Numbers.” Acta Mathematica Hungarica. Springer, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086.
ieee: L. Erdös, “On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers,”
Acta Mathematica Hungarica, vol. 59, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 11–24, 1992.
ista: Erdös L. 1992. On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex
numbers. Acta Mathematica Hungarica. 59(1–2), 11–24.
mla: Erdös, László. “On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Power Sums of Complex
Numbers.” Acta Mathematica Hungarica, vol. 59, no. 1–2, Springer, 1992,
pp. 11–24, doi:10.1007/BF00052086.
short: L. Erdös, Acta Mathematica Hungarica 59 (1992) 11–24.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:59:13Z
date_published: 1992-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T15:33:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BF00052086
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 59'
issue: 1-2
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00052086
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 11 - 24
publication: Acta Mathematica Hungarica
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0001-5954
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4182'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 59
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '2722'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'A version of the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas is considered: a point particle
of mass M (molecule), confined to the unit interval [0,1], is surrounded by an
infinite ideal gas of point particles of mass 1 (atoms). The molecule interacts
with the atoms and with the walls via elastic collision. Central limit theorems
are proved for a wide class of additive functionals of this system (e.g. the number
of collisions with the walls and the total length of the molecular path).'
acknowledgement: "The authors are very grateful to D. Szasz and A. Kramli for valuable
discussions and their encouragement. We are also indebted to D. Dϋrr for his comments
and suggestions.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
- first_name: Dao
full_name: Tuyen, Dao
last_name: Tuyen
citation:
ama: Erdös L, Tuyen D. Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas
with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 1992;143(3):451-466.
doi:10.1007/BF02099260
apa: Erdös, L., & Tuyen, D. (1992). Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional
Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics.
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260
chicago: Erdös, László, and Dao Tuyen. “Central Limit Theorems for the One-Dimensional
Rayleigh Gas with Semipermeable Barriers.” Communications in Mathematical Physics.
Springer, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260.
ieee: L. Erdös and D. Tuyen, “Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh
gas with semipermeable barriers,” Communications in Mathematical Physics,
vol. 143, no. 3. Springer, pp. 451–466, 1992.
ista: Erdös L, Tuyen D. 1992. Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh
gas with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 143(3),
451–466.
mla: Erdös, László, and Dao Tuyen. “Central Limit Theorems for the One-Dimensional
Rayleigh Gas with Semipermeable Barriers.” Communications in Mathematical Physics,
vol. 143, no. 3, Springer, 1992, pp. 451–66, doi:10.1007/BF02099260.
short: L. Erdös, D. Tuyen, Communications in Mathematical Physics 143 (1992) 451–466.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:59:15Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T14:24:12Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BF02099260
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 143'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://projecteuclid.org/journals/communications-in-mathematical-physics/volume-143/issue-3/Central-limit-theorems-for-the-one-dimensional-Rayleigh-gas-with/cmp/1104249076.full
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 451 - 466
publication: Communications in Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0010-3616
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4170'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable
barriers
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 143
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '1945'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The effects of ultra-low (10(-18)-10(-14) M) doses (ULD) of biologically active
substances have been reviewed in terms of common regularities of ULD effects and
peculiarities of action of various groups of compounds. The most common and at
the same time paradoxical regularities of ULD action are bi- or polymodal patterns
of dose dependence, absence or presence of an inverse effect at higher doses,
and instability of ULD effect. Possible mechanisms of ULD action including the
mechanism based on the adaptation theory are discussed.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Leonid A
full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A
id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sazanov
orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989
- first_name: Sergei
full_name: Zaǐtsev, Sergei
last_name: Zaǐtsev
citation:
ama: 'Sazanov LA, Zaǐtsev S. Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically
active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms. Biochemistry
(Moscow). 1992;57(10):1443-1460.'
apa: 'Sazanov, L. A., & Zaǐtsev, S. (1992). Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14)
M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms.
Biochemistry (Moscow). Izdatel’stvo Nauka.'
chicago: 'Sazanov, Leonid A, and Sergei Zaǐtsev. “Effect of Superlow Doses (10(-18)-10-(-14)
M) of Biologically Active Substances: General Rules, Features, and Possible Mechanisms.”
Biochemistry (Moscow). Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1992.'
ieee: 'L. A. Sazanov and S. Zaǐtsev, “Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14)
M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms,”
Biochemistry (Moscow), vol. 57, no. 10. Izdatel’stvo Nauka, pp. 1443–1460,
1992.'
ista: 'Sazanov LA, Zaǐtsev S. 1992. Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M)
of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms.
Biochemistry (Moscow). 57(10), 1443–1460.'
mla: 'Sazanov, Leonid A., and Sergei Zaǐtsev. “Effect of Superlow Doses (10(-18)-10-(-14)
M) of Biologically Active Substances: General Rules, Features, and Possible Mechanisms.”
Biochemistry (Moscow), vol. 57, no. 10, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1992, pp. 1443–60.'
short: L.A. Sazanov, S. Zaǐtsev, Biochemistry (Moscow) 57 (1992) 1443–1460.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:51Z
date_published: 1992-10-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-21T10:47:19Z
day: '10'
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1457592 '
intvolume: ' 57'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://europepmc.org/article/med/1457592
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 1443 - 1460
pmid: 1
publication: Biochemistry (Moscow)
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0006-2979
publication_status: published
publisher: Izdatel'stvo Nauka
publist_id: '5138'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically active substances:
general rules, features, and possible mechanisms'
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 57
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4593'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We survey logic-based and automata-based languages and techniques for the
specification and verification of real-time systems. In particular, we discuss
three syntactic extensions of temporal logic: time-bounded operators, freeze quantification,
and time variables. We also discuss the extension of finite-state machines with
clocks and the extension of transition systems with time bounds on the transitions.
All of the resulting notations can be interpreted over a variety of different
models of time and computation, including linear and branching time, interleaving
and true concurrency, discrete and continuous time. For each choice of syntax
and semantics, we summarize the results that are known about expressive power,
algorithmic finite-state verification, and deductive verification.'
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rajeev
full_name: Alur, Rajeev
last_name: Alur
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. Logics and models of real time: A survey. In: REX
Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice. Vol 600. Springer; 1992:74-106.
doi:10.1007/BFb0031984'
apa: 'Alur, R., & Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Logics and models of real time: A
survey. In REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice (Vol. 600, pp.
74–106). Mook, The Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984'
chicago: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Logics and Models of Real Time:
A Survey.” In REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, 600:74–106.
Springer, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984.'
ieee: 'R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Logics and models of real time: A survey,”
in REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, Mook, The Netherlands,
1992, vol. 600, pp. 74–106.'
ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1992. Logics and models of real time: A survey. REX
Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice. Workshop/School/Symposium of the REX
Project, LNCS, vol. 600, 74–106.'
mla: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Logics and Models of Real Time: A
Survey.” REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, vol. 600, Springer,
1992, pp. 74–106, doi:10.1007/BFb0031984.'
short: 'R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice,
Springer, 1992, pp. 74–106.'
conference:
end_date: 1991-06-07
location: Mook, The Netherlands
name: Workshop/School/Symposium of the REX Project
start_date: 1991-06-03
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:39Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-07T10:20:06Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BFb0031984
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 600'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/BFb0031988#enumeration
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 74 - 106
publication: 'REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '114'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Logics and models of real time: A survey'
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 600
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '4594'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The authors introduce two-way timed automata-timed automata that can move
back and forth while reading a timed word. Two-wayness in its unrestricted form
leads, like nondeterminism, to the undecidability of language inclusion. However,
if they restrict the number of times an input symbol may be revisited, then two-wayness
is both harmless and desirable. The authors show that the resulting class of bounded
two-way deterministic timed automata is closed under all boolean operations, has
decidable (PSPACE-complete) emptiness and inclusion problems, and subsumes all
decidable real-time logics we know. They obtain a strict hierarchy of real-time
properties: deterministic timed automata can accept more languages as the bound
on the number of times an input symbol may be revisited is increased. This hierarchy
is also enforced by the number of alternations between past and future operators
in temporal logic. The combination of the results leads to a decision procedure
for a real-time logic with past operators\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rajeev
full_name: Alur, Rajeev
last_name: Alur
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
citation:
ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular
languages. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer
Science. IEEE; 1992:177-186. doi:10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774'
apa: 'Alur, R., & Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Back to the future: Towards a theory
of timed regular languages. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on
Foundations of Computer Science (pp. 177–186). Pittsburgh, PA, United States
of America: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774'
chicago: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Back to the Future: Towards a Theory
of Timed Regular Languages.” In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on
Foundations of Computer Science, 177–86. IEEE, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774.'
ieee: 'R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed
regular languages,” in Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations
of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America, 1992, pp. 177–186.'
ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1992. Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed
regular languages. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of
Computer Science. FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science, 177–186.'
mla: 'Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Back to the Future: Towards a Theory
of Timed Regular Languages.” Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations
of Computer Science, IEEE, 1992, pp. 177–86, doi:10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774.'
short: R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on
Foundations of Computer Science, IEEE, 1992, pp. 177–186.
conference:
end_date: 1992-10-27
location: Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
name: 'FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science'
start_date: 1992-10-24
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:39Z
date_published: 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-07T10:45:34Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/267774
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 177 - 186
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
publist_id: '115'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages'
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '3469'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Glutamate-operated ion channels (GluR channels) of the L-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
acid (AMPA)-kainate subtype are found in both neurons and glial cells of the central
nervous system. These channels are assembled from the GluR-A, -B, -C, and -D subunits;
channels containing a GluR-B subunit show an outwardly rectifying current-voltage
relation and low calcium permeability, whereas channels lacking the GluR-B subunit
are characterized by a doubly rectifying current-voltage relation and high calcium
permeability. Most cell types in the central nervous system coexpress several
subunits, including GluR-B. However, Bergmann glia in rat cerebellum do not express
GluR-B subunit genes. In a subset of cultured cerebellar glial cells, likely derived
from Bergmann glial cells. GluR channels exhibit doubly rectifying current-voltage
relations and high calcium permeability, whereas GluR channels of cerebellar neurons
have low calcium permeability. Thus, differential expression of the GluR-B subunit
gene in neurons and glia is one mechanism by which functional properties of native
GluR channels are regulated.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nail
full_name: Burnashev, Nail
last_name: Burnashev
- first_name: Alla
full_name: Khodorova, Alla
last_name: Khodorova
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: P.
full_name: Helm, P.
last_name: Helm
- first_name: William
full_name: Wisden, William
last_name: Wisden
- first_name: Hannah
full_name: Monyer, Hannah
last_name: Monyer
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Seeburg, Peter
last_name: Seeburg
- first_name: Bert
full_name: Sakmann, Bert
last_name: Sakmann
citation:
ama: Burnashev N, Khodorova A, Jonas PM, et al. Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors
in fusiform cerebellar glial cells. Science. 1992;256(5063):1566-1570.
doi:10.1126/science.1317970
apa: Burnashev, N., Khodorova, A., Jonas, P. M., Helm, P., Wisden, W., Monyer, H.,
… Sakmann, B. (1992). Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar
glial cells. Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1317970
chicago: Burnashev, Nail, Alla Khodorova, Peter M Jonas, P. Helm, William Wisden,
Hannah Monyer, Peter Seeburg, and Bert Sakmann. “Calcium-Permeable AMPA-Kainate
Receptors in Fusiform Cerebellar Glial Cells.” Science. American Association
for the Advancement of Science, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1317970.
ieee: N. Burnashev et al., “Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform
cerebellar glial cells.,” Science, vol. 256, no. 5063. American Association
for the Advancement of Science, pp. 1566–1570, 1992.
ista: Burnashev N, Khodorova A, Jonas PM, Helm P, Wisden W, Monyer H, Seeburg P,
Sakmann B. 1992. Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar
glial cells. Science. 256(5063), 1566–1570.
mla: Burnashev, Nail, et al. “Calcium-Permeable AMPA-Kainate Receptors in Fusiform
Cerebellar Glial Cells.” Science, vol. 256, no. 5063, American Association
for the Advancement of Science, 1992, pp. 1566–70, doi:10.1126/science.1317970.
short: N. Burnashev, A. Khodorova, P.M. Jonas, P. Helm, W. Wisden, H. Monyer, P.
Seeburg, B. Sakmann, Science 256 (1992) 1566–1570.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:30Z
date_published: 1992-06-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T13:24:52Z
day: '12'
doi: 10.1126/science.1317970
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1317970'
intvolume: ' 256'
issue: '5063'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1317970
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 1566 - 1570
pmid: 1
publication: Science
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0036-8075
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
publist_id: '2918'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar glial cells.
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 256
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '3470'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Currents activated by glutamate receptor (GluR) agonists were recorded from
outside-out patches isolated from the soma of visually identified pyramidal neurones
of the (CA3 and CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
acid (AMPA). L-glutamate (L-Glu), and kainate (KA) were delivered either by bath
application through perfusion of the recording chamber or by rapid application
via a piezo-driven two-barrelled fast application system. 2. Bath application
of each of the three agonists activated inward currents in all patches (n = 134)
at holding potentials of -50 or -60 mV. The current amplitude increased in size
between 3 to 30 μM-AMPA and 100 μM to 1 mM-KA. With this slow mode of bath application,
the responses showed no apparent desensitization even at saturating concentrations
of AMPA (30 μM) and KA (1 mM). 3. The ratio of currents activated by 30 μM-AMPA
and 300 μM-KA showed a characteristic difference between CA3 and CA1 neurones.
The ratio was 0.242 ± 0.028 (mean ± S.E.M., n = 16) for CA3 cell patches and 0.097
± 0.012 (n = 8) for CA1 cell patches indicating that GluRs in the two cell populations
are different. 4. The steady-state current-voltage relations (I-Vs) for AMPA-
and KA-activated currents showed pronounced outward rectification for both cell
types (when the main cations are Na+ in the bath and Cs+ in the pipette solution).
The current reversed close to 0 mV and the ratio of chord conductances 80 mV on
either side of the reversal potential was 2.66 for KA-activated currents in CA3
cell patches and 2.60 in CA1 cell patches. AMPA-activated currents showed a time-dependent
increase after steps to positive membrane potentials and a decrease after steps
to negative voltages, indicating that a gating process is responsible for outward
rectification of the steady-state I-IV. 5. The permeability (P) of GluR channels
was high for Na+ as compared to Cs+ for both cell types (P(Na)/P(Cs) = 0.88 and
0.84). The permeability was low for N-methyl-D-glucamine+ (P(NMG)/P(Cs) ≤ 0.03)
and Ca2+ (P(Ca)/P(Cs) ≤0.05). 6. The current noise level increased during application
of AMPA or KA. Apparent single-channel conductances obtained from fluctuation
analysis were higher for AMPA than for KA, but similar for both cell types. In
CA3 cell patches, AMPA activated channels with an apparent chord conductance of
7.2 pS, KA of 3.0 pS conductance. 7. Fast agonist application revealed desensitization
of GluR channels which was dependent on the type of agonist, currents activated
by AMPA and L-Glu rose rapidly to a peak and then desensitized to a steady-state
current. In contrast, currents activated by fast application of KA rose to a plateau
and did not desensitize. The steady state current expressed as a percentage of
the peak current was higher for L-Glu than for AMPA and slightly higher for CA3
than for CA1 cell patches. For CA3 cell patches, this fraction amounted to 6.2
%, with 300 μM-L-Glu and 2.8%, with 300 μM-AMPA. For CA1 cell patches, corresponding
values were 3.6 and 1.9 % 8. The dose response relations for the peak current
activated by AMPA and L-Glu and the steady-state current activated by KA were
similar for CA3 and CA1 cell patches. The order of potency was AMPA > L-Glu
≃ KA for both cell types EC50 values 189, 342 and 344 μM for CA3 cell patches
and 183, 424 and 474 μM for CA1 cell patches). In all cases, the Hill coefficients
ranged between 12 and 1.7. 8. The rise of AMPA and L-Glu-activated currents became
faster with increasing agonist concentration for both cell types. With L-Glu,
rise times decreased from about 3 ms at 100 μM to 500 μs at 3 mM. The delay for
agonist concentrations ≥ 300 μM was described by the sum of two exponential functions.
The time constant of the predominant fast component was slightly concentration
dependent and decreased from about 12 ms at 300 μM to 8 ms at 3 mM-L-Glu. 10.
The current voltage relations of the peak currents activated by 300 μM-AMPA were
linear for both cell types with a reversal potential close to OmV. 11. It is concluded
that the GluR channels in pyramidal cells of hippocampal CA3 and CA1 regions are
distinet but share many pharmacological and functional properties. Comparison
of the properties of native and recombinant GluRs suggests that in both CA3 and
CA1 regions GluR channels are hetero-oligomers containing the GluR-B subunit.
acknowledgement: "We thank Dr D. Colquhoun, Dr J. P. Ruppersberg and Dr T. A. Verdoorn
for critically reading the manuscript, K. Bauer, C. Busch and F. Helmchen for computer
programming, and M. Kaiser for technical assistance. \r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Bert
full_name: Sakmann, Bert
last_name: Sakmann
citation:
ama: Jonas PM, Sakmann B. Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1
and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology.
1992;455:143-171. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294
apa: Jonas, P. M., & Sakmann, B. (1992). Glutamate receptor channels in isolated
patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices. Journal
of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294
chicago: Jonas, Peter M, and Bert Sakmann. “Glutamate Receptor Channels in Isolated
Patches from CA1 and CA3 Pyramidal Cells of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal
of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 .
ieee: P. M. Jonas and B. Sakmann, “Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches
from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices,” Journal of Physiology,
vol. 455. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 143–171, 1992.
ista: Jonas PM, Sakmann B. 1992. Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches
from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology.
455, 143–171.
mla: Jonas, Peter M., and Bert Sakmann. “Glutamate Receptor Channels in Isolated
Patches from CA1 and CA3 Pyramidal Cells of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal
of Physiology, vol. 455, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 143–71, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 .
short: P.M. Jonas, B. Sakmann, Journal of Physiology 455 (1992) 143–171.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:30Z
date_published: 1992-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T13:01:55Z
day: '01'
doi: '10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 '
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1282929 '
intvolume: ' 455'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 143 - 171
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Physiology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0022-3751
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2917'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal
cells of rat hippocampal slices
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 455
year: '1992'
...
---
_id: '3471'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 1. Outside-out patches were isolated from granule cells of dentate gyrus and
pyramidal cells of CA3 and CA1 regions of rat hippocampal slices. Patches were
exposed briefly to L-glutamate using a piezo-driven double-barrelled application
pipette. 2. Applications of glutamate (1 mM) of 1 ms duration activated patch
currents which rose and decayed rapidly. The 20-80% rise time of these glutamate
receptor (GluR)-mediated currents was usually 0.2-0.6 ms. At -50 mV the peak current
varied from 10 to 500 pA in different patches. 3. The peak current-voltage relation
for brief pulses of 1 mM glutamate was virtually linear in normal extracellular
solution for patches from the three cell types (-100 to 60 mV). 4. The permeability
of GluR channels activated at the peak to Ca2+, relative to K+, was less than
0.1 for all three cell types (under bi-ionic conditions with Ca2+ on the extracellular
side and K+ on the intracellular side of the membrane). 5. The offset decay time
constant of the current following 1 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate was brief, with
mean values of 3.0 +/- 0.8, 2.5 +/- 0.7, and 2.3 +/- 0.7 ms for dentate, CA3 and
CA1 cell patches, respectively. Offset time constants were independent of membrane
potential and independent of glutamate concentration (200 microM and 1 mM) for
the three cell types. 6. Applications of 1 mM glutamate of 100 ms duration showed
that glutamate responses desensitized rapidly. The time constants for desensitization
were 9.4 +/- 2.7, 11.3 +/- 2.8, and 9.3 +/- 2.8 ms for patches from dentate, CA3
and CA1 cells respectively. Desensitization time constants were only weakly dependent
on glutamate concentration (200 microM and 1 mM) for the three cell types. Thus
offset time constants are about four times faster than desensitization time constants
for both glutamate concentrations. 7. Double pulse application of glutamate indicated
that even a 1 ms pulse of 1 mM glutamate causes partial (about 60%) desensitization
of GluR channels. The time course of recovery from desensitization was slower
in dentate gyrus granule cell patches than in CA3 or CA1 pyramidal cell patches.
8. Desensitization was studied at equilibrium by exposing patches to low glutamate
concentrations for at least 15 s before a 1 ms test pulse of 1 mM glutamate.
acknowledgement: 'We thank Drs N.Burnashev, P. Ruppersberg , and G.Stuart for critically
reading the manuscript, and Marlies Kaiser for technical assistance. D.C.is a recipient
of a Humboldt prize. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: D.
full_name: Colquhoun, D.
last_name: Colquhoun
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Bert
full_name: Sakmann, Bert
last_name: Sakmann
citation:
ama: Colquhoun D, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate
receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal slices. Journal
of Physiology. 1992;458:261-287. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417
apa: Colquhoun, D., Jonas, P. M., & Sakmann, B. (1992). Action of brief pulses
of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat
hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417
chicago: Colquhoun, D., Peter M Jonas, and Bert Sakmann. “Action of Brief Pulses
of Glutamate on AMPA/Kainate Receptors in Patches from Different Neurones of Rat
Hippocampal Slices.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417.
ieee: D. Colquhoun, P. M. Jonas, and B. Sakmann, “Action of brief pulses of glutamate
on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal
slices,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 458. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 261–287,
1992.
ista: Colquhoun D, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. 1992. Action of brief pulses of glutamate
on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal
slices. Journal of Physiology. 458, 261–287.
mla: Colquhoun, D., et al. “Action of Brief Pulses of Glutamate on AMPA/Kainate
Receptors in Patches from Different Neurones of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal
of Physiology, vol. 458, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 261–87, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417.
short: D. Colquhoun, P.M. Jonas, B. Sakmann, Journal of Physiology 458 (1992) 261–287.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:30Z
date_published: 1992-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T12:41:01Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '1338788'
intvolume: ' 458'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1175155/
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 261 - 287
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Physiology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0022-3751
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2916'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from
different neurones of rat hippocampal slices
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 458
year: '1992'
...