---
_id: '2985'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS) was used to study adenine
    and cytosine reduction signals at the mercury electrode. In comparison with the
    linear scan voltammetry (which provides only one unresolved peak), two elimination
    functions provide good resolution of individual peaks and significant increase
    of sensitivity. The first elimination function eliminates the kinetic current
    (Ik) and conserves the diffusion current (Id). The second elimination function
    eliminates kinetic and charging currents (Ik and Ic) simultaneously and conserves
    the diffusion current (Id). Both functions give two well-resolved peaks of adenine
    and cytosine in a wide concentration range, while the linear sweep voltammetry
    gives badly resolved peaks due to hydrogen evolution. The best resolution of peaks
    is observed in acetate buffer at pH 3.8 and the detection limit for both substances
    is 500 nM. The concentration dependence of EVLS peak heights for one substance
    at the constant concentration of the other substance is linear. The peak potentials
    differ in these elimination functions. The difference in EVLS peak potentials
    gives the possibility to evaluate αna. Elimination voltammetry with linear scan
    contributes to the resolution of cathodic signals of purine and pyrimidine bases
    at very negative potentials near supporting electrolyte discharge. Copyright ©
    2001 Elsevier Science B.V.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Libuše
  full_name: Trnková, Libuše
  last_name: Trnková
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Oldřich
  full_name: Dračka, Oldřich
  last_name: Dračka
citation:
  ama: Trnková L, Friml J, Dračka O. Elimination voltammetry of adenine and cytosine
    mixtures. <i>Bioelectrochemistry</i>. 2001;54(2):131-136. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0">10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0</a>
  apa: Trnková, L., Friml, J., &#38; Dračka, O. (2001). Elimination voltammetry of
    adenine and cytosine mixtures. <i>Bioelectrochemistry</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0</a>
  chicago: Trnková, Libuše, Jiří Friml, and Oldřich Dračka. “Elimination Voltammetry
    of Adenine and Cytosine Mixtures.” <i>Bioelectrochemistry</i>. Elsevier, 2001.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0</a>.
  ieee: L. Trnková, J. Friml, and O. Dračka, “Elimination voltammetry of adenine and
    cytosine mixtures,” <i>Bioelectrochemistry</i>, vol. 54, no. 2. Elsevier, pp.
    131–136, 2001.
  ista: Trnková L, Friml J, Dračka O. 2001. Elimination voltammetry of adenine and
    cytosine mixtures. Bioelectrochemistry. 54(2), 131–136.
  mla: Trnková, Libuše, et al. “Elimination Voltammetry of Adenine and Cytosine Mixtures.”
    <i>Bioelectrochemistry</i>, vol. 54, no. 2, Elsevier, 2001, pp. 131–36, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0">10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0</a>.
  short: L. Trnková, J. Friml, O. Dračka, Bioelectrochemistry 54 (2001) 131–136.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:42Z
date_published: 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-15T14:48:44Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/S1567-5394(01)00119-0
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11694393'
intvolume: '        54'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 131 - 136
pmid: 1
publication: Bioelectrochemistry
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 1567-5394
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '3717'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Elimination voltammetry of adenine and cytosine mixtures
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 54
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '3169'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Several new algorithms for visual correspondence based on graph cuts [7, 14,
    17] have recently been developed. While these methods give very strong results
    in practice, they do not handle occlusions properly. Specifically, they treat
    the two input images asymmetrically, and they do not ensure that a pixel corresponds
    to at most one pixel in the other image. In this paper, we present a new method
    which properly addresses occlusions, while preserving the advantages of graph
    cut algorithms. We give experimental results for stereo as well as motion, which
    demonstrate that our method performs well both at detecting occlusions and computing
    disparities.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Vladimir
  full_name: Kolmogorov, Vladimir
  id: 3D50B0BA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kolmogorov
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Zabih, Ramin
  last_name: Zabih
citation:
  ama: 'Kolmogorov V, Zabih R. Computing visual correspondence with occlusions using
    graph cuts. In: <i>Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer
    Vision</i>. Vol 2. IEEE; 2001:508-515. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668">10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668</a>'
  apa: 'Kolmogorov, V., &#38; Zabih, R. (2001). Computing visual correspondence with
    occlusions using graph cuts. In <i>Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference
    on Computer Vision</i> (Vol. 2, pp. 508–515). Vancouver, Canada: IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668</a>'
  chicago: Kolmogorov, Vladimir, and Ramin Zabih. “Computing Visual Correspondence
    with Occlusions Using Graph Cuts.” In <i>Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International
    Conference on Computer Vision</i>, 2:508–15. IEEE, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668</a>.
  ieee: V. Kolmogorov and R. Zabih, “Computing visual correspondence with occlusions
    using graph cuts,” in <i>Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference
    on Computer Vision</i>, Vancouver, Canada, 2001, vol. 2, pp. 508–515.
  ista: 'Kolmogorov V, Zabih R. 2001. Computing visual correspondence with occlusions
    using graph cuts. Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer
    Vision. ICCV: International Conference on Computer Vision vol. 2, 508–515.'
  mla: Kolmogorov, Vladimir, and Ramin Zabih. “Computing Visual Correspondence with
    Occlusions Using Graph Cuts.” <i>Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference
    on Computer Vision</i>, vol. 2, IEEE, 2001, pp. 508–15, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668">10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668</a>.
  short: V. Kolmogorov, R. Zabih, in:, Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference
    on Computer Vision, IEEE, 2001, pp. 508–515.
conference:
  end_date: 2001-07-14
  location: Vancouver, Canada
  name: 'ICCV: International Conference on Computer Vision'
  start_date: 2001-07-07
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:01:47Z
date_published: 2001-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-15T14:45:50Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1109/ICCV.2001.937668
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 508 - 515
publication: Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '0769511430'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
publist_id: '3514'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Computing visual correspondence with occlusions using graph cuts
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 2
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '11125'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Although nuclear envelope (NE) assembly is known to require the GTPase Ran,
    the membrane fusion machinery involved is uncharacterized. NE assembly involves
    formation of a reticular network on chromatin, fusion of this network into a closed
    NE and subsequent expansion. Here we show that p97, an AAA-ATPase previously implicated
    in fusion of Golgi and transitional endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes together
    with the adaptor p47, has two discrete functions in NE assembly. Formation of
    a closed NE requires the p97–Ufd1–Npl4 complex, not previously implicated in membrane
    fusion. Subsequent NE growth involves a p97–p47 complex. This study provides the
    first insights into the molecular mechanisms and specificity of fusion events
    involved in NE formation.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Martin W
  full_name: HETZER, Martin W
  id: 86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed
  last_name: HETZER
  orcid: 0000-0002-2111-992X
- first_name: Hemmo H.
  full_name: Meyer, Hemmo H.
  last_name: Meyer
- first_name: Tobias C.
  full_name: Walther, Tobias C.
  last_name: Walther
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Bilbao-Cortes, Daniel
  last_name: Bilbao-Cortes
- first_name: Graham
  full_name: Warren, Graham
  last_name: Warren
- first_name: Iain W.
  full_name: Mattaj, Iain W.
  last_name: Mattaj
citation:
  ama: Hetzer M, Meyer HH, Walther TC, Bilbao-Cortes D, Warren G, Mattaj IW. Distinct
    AAA-ATPase p97 complexes function in discrete steps of nuclear assembly. <i>Nature
    Cell Biology</i>. 2001;3(12):1086-1091. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1201-1086">10.1038/ncb1201-1086</a>
  apa: Hetzer, M., Meyer, H. H., Walther, T. C., Bilbao-Cortes, D., Warren, G., &#38;
    Mattaj, I. W. (2001). Distinct AAA-ATPase p97 complexes function in discrete steps
    of nuclear assembly. <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1201-1086">https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1201-1086</a>
  chicago: Hetzer, Martin, Hemmo H. Meyer, Tobias C. Walther, Daniel Bilbao-Cortes,
    Graham Warren, and Iain W. Mattaj. “Distinct AAA-ATPase P97 Complexes Function
    in Discrete Steps of Nuclear Assembly.” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. Springer Nature,
    2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1201-1086">https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1201-1086</a>.
  ieee: M. Hetzer, H. H. Meyer, T. C. Walther, D. Bilbao-Cortes, G. Warren, and I.
    W. Mattaj, “Distinct AAA-ATPase p97 complexes function in discrete steps of nuclear
    assembly,” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>, vol. 3, no. 12. Springer Nature, pp. 1086–1091,
    2001.
  ista: Hetzer M, Meyer HH, Walther TC, Bilbao-Cortes D, Warren G, Mattaj IW. 2001.
    Distinct AAA-ATPase p97 complexes function in discrete steps of nuclear assembly.
    Nature Cell Biology. 3(12), 1086–1091.
  mla: Hetzer, Martin, et al. “Distinct AAA-ATPase P97 Complexes Function in Discrete
    Steps of Nuclear Assembly.” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>, vol. 3, no. 12, Springer
    Nature, 2001, pp. 1086–91, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1201-1086">10.1038/ncb1201-1086</a>.
  short: M. Hetzer, H.H. Meyer, T.C. Walther, D. Bilbao-Cortes, G. Warren, I.W. Mattaj,
    Nature Cell Biology 3 (2001) 1086–1091.
date_created: 2022-04-07T07:57:42Z
date_published: 2001-11-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-18T08:58:07Z
day: '02'
doi: 10.1038/ncb1201-1086
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11781570'
intvolume: '         3'
issue: '12'
keyword:
- Cell Biology
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 1086-1091
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Cell Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4679
  issn:
  - 1465-7392
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distinct AAA-ATPase p97 complexes function in discrete steps of nuclear assembly
type: journal_article
user_id: 72615eeb-f1f3-11ec-aa25-d4573ddc34fd
volume: 3
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '11755'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Hyperlink analysis algorithms significantly improve the relevance of the search
    results on the Web, so much so that all major Web search engines claim to use
    some type of hyperlink analysis. However, the search engines do not disclose details
    about the type of hyperlink analysis they perform, mostly to avoid manipulation
    of search results by Web-positioning companies. The article discusses how hyperlink
    analysis can be applied to ranking algorithms, and surveys other ways Web search
    engines can use this analysis.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Monika H
  full_name: Henzinger, Monika H
  id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530
citation:
  ama: Henzinger MH. Hyperlink analysis for the Web. <i>IEEE Internet Computing</i>.
    2001;5(1):45-50. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/4236.895141">10.1109/4236.895141</a>
  apa: Henzinger, M. H. (2001). Hyperlink analysis for the Web. <i>IEEE Internet Computing</i>.
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/4236.895141">https://doi.org/10.1109/4236.895141</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Monika H. “Hyperlink Analysis for the Web.” <i>IEEE Internet
    Computing</i>. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/4236.895141">https://doi.org/10.1109/4236.895141</a>.
  ieee: M. H. Henzinger, “Hyperlink analysis for the Web,” <i>IEEE Internet Computing</i>,
    vol. 5, no. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, pp. 45–50, 2001.
  ista: Henzinger MH. 2001. Hyperlink analysis for the Web. IEEE Internet Computing.
    5(1), 45–50.
  mla: Henzinger, Monika H. “Hyperlink Analysis for the Web.” <i>IEEE Internet Computing</i>,
    vol. 5, no. 1, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2001, pp. 45–50,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/4236.895141">10.1109/4236.895141</a>.
  short: M.H. Henzinger, IEEE Internet Computing 5 (2001) 45–50.
date_created: 2022-08-08T10:51:43Z
date_published: 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-03T12:45:55Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1109/4236.895141
extern: '1'
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000744285600001'
intvolume: '         5'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 45-50
publication: IEEE Internet Computing
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1941-0131
  issn:
  - 1089-7801
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Hyperlink analysis for the Web
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 5
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '841'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yuri
  full_name: Wolf, Yuri
  last_name: Wolf
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Kondrashov, Fyodor
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Eugene
  full_name: Koonin, Eugene
  last_name: Koonin
citation:
  ama: 'Wolf Y, Kondrashov F, Koonin E. Footprints of primordial introns on the eukaryotic
    genome: still no clear traces . <i>Trends in Genetics</i>. 2001;17(9):499-501.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9">10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9</a>'
  apa: 'Wolf, Y., Kondrashov, F., &#38; Koonin, E. (2001). Footprints of primordial
    introns on the eukaryotic genome: still no clear traces . <i>Trends in Genetics</i>.
    Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9</a>'
  chicago: 'Wolf, Yuri, Fyodor Kondrashov, and Eugene Koonin. “Footprints of Primordial
    Introns on the Eukaryotic Genome: Still No Clear Traces .” <i>Trends in Genetics</i>.
    Elsevier, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9</a>.'
  ieee: 'Y. Wolf, F. Kondrashov, and E. Koonin, “Footprints of primordial introns
    on the eukaryotic genome: still no clear traces ,” <i>Trends in Genetics</i>,
    vol. 17, no. 9. Elsevier, pp. 499–501, 2001.'
  ista: 'Wolf Y, Kondrashov F, Koonin E. 2001. Footprints of primordial introns on
    the eukaryotic genome: still no clear traces . Trends in Genetics. 17(9), 499–501.'
  mla: 'Wolf, Yuri, et al. “Footprints of Primordial Introns on the Eukaryotic Genome:
    Still No Clear Traces .” <i>Trends in Genetics</i>, vol. 17, no. 9, Elsevier,
    2001, pp. 499–501, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9">10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9</a>.'
  short: Y. Wolf, F. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, Trends in Genetics 17 (2001) 499–501.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:47Z
date_published: 2001-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-02T09:38:37Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02376-9
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11721681'
intvolume: '        17'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 499 - 501
pmid: 1
publication: Trends in Genetics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0168-9479
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '6805'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Footprints of primordial introns on the eukaryotic genome: still no clear
  traces '
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 17
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '851'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The study and comparison of mutation(al) spectra is an important problem
    in molecular biology, because these spectra often reflect on important features
    of mutations and their fixation. Such features include the interaction of DNA
    with various mutagens, the function of repair/replication enzymes, and properties
    of target proteins. It is known that mutability varies significantly along nucleotide
    sequences, such that mutations often concentrate at certain positions, called
    &quot;hotspots,&quot; in a sequence. In this paper, we discuss in detail two approaches
    for mutation spectra analysis: the comparison of mutation spectra with a HG-PUBL
    program, (FTP: sunsite.unc.edu/pub/academic/ biology/dna-mutations/hyperg) and
    hotspot prediction with the CLUSTERM program (www.itba.mi.cnr.it/webmutation;
    ftp.bionet.nsc.ru/pub/biology/dbms/clusterm.zip). Several other approaches for
    mutational spectra analysis, such as the analysis of a target protein structure,
    hotspot context revealing, multiple spectra comparisons, as well as a number of
    mutation databases are briefly described. Mutation spectra in the lacI gene of
    E. coli and the human p53 gene are used for illustration of various difficulties
    of such analysis.'
acknowledgement: 'Russian Fund of Fundamental Research. Grant Number: 99-04-49535.
  NIH. Grant Number: GM 20293. NASA. Grant Number: NCC2-1057'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Igor
  full_name: Rogozin, Igor
  last_name: Rogozin
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Kondrashov, Fyodor
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Galina
  full_name: Glazko, Galina
  last_name: Glazko
citation:
  ama: Rogozin I, Kondrashov F, Glazko G. Use of mutation spectra analysis software.
    <i>Human Mutation</i>. 2001;17(2):83-102. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E">10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E</a>
  apa: Rogozin, I., Kondrashov, F., &#38; Glazko, G. (2001). Use of mutation spectra
    analysis software. <i>Human Mutation</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E">https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E</a>
  chicago: Rogozin, Igor, Fyodor Kondrashov, and Galina Glazko. “Use of Mutation Spectra
    Analysis Software.” <i>Human Mutation</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E">https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E</a>.
  ieee: I. Rogozin, F. Kondrashov, and G. Glazko, “Use of mutation spectra analysis
    software,” <i>Human Mutation</i>, vol. 17, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 83–102,
    2001.
  ista: Rogozin I, Kondrashov F, Glazko G. 2001. Use of mutation spectra analysis
    software. Human Mutation. 17(2), 83–102.
  mla: Rogozin, Igor, et al. “Use of Mutation Spectra Analysis Software.” <i>Human
    Mutation</i>, vol. 17, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 2001, pp. 83–102, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E">10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&#38;lt;83::AID-HUMU1&#38;gt;3.0.CO;2-E</a>.
  short: I. Rogozin, F. Kondrashov, G. Glazko, Human Mutation 17 (2001) 83–102.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:50Z
date_published: 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-02T09:22:17Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/1098-1004(200102)17:2&lt;83::AID-HUMU1&gt;3.0.CO;2-E
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11180592'
intvolume: '        17'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 83 - 102
pmid: 1
publication: Human Mutation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1059-7794
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '6796'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Use of mutation spectra analysis software
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 17
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '8521'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We continue the previous article's discussion of bounds, for prevalent diffeomorphisms
    of smooth compact manifolds, on the growth of the number of periodic points and
    the decay of their hyperbolicity as a function of their period $n$. In that article
    we reduced the main results to a problem, for certain families of diffeomorphisms,
    of bounding the measure of parameter values for which the diffeomorphism has (for
    a given period $n$) an almost periodic point that is almost nonhyperbolic. We
    also formulated our results for $1$-dimensional endomorphisms on a compact interval.
    In this article we describe some of the main techniques involved and outline the
    rest of the proof. To simplify notation, we concentrate primarily on the $1$-dimensional
    case.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: Brian R.
  full_name: Hunt, Brian R.
  last_name: Hunt
citation:
  ama: Kaloshin V, Hunt BR. A stretched exponential bound on the rate of growth of
    the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms II. <i>Electronic
    Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>. 2001;7(5):28-36.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9">10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9</a>
  apa: Kaloshin, V., &#38; Hunt, B. R. (2001). A stretched exponential bound on the
    rate of growth of the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms
    II. <i>Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>.
    American Mathematical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9">https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9</a>
  chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Brian R. Hunt. “A Stretched Exponential Bound on the
    Rate of Growth of the Number of Periodic Points for Prevalent Diffeomorphisms
    II.” <i>Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>.
    American Mathematical Society, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9">https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9</a>.
  ieee: V. Kaloshin and B. R. Hunt, “A stretched exponential bound on the rate of
    growth of the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms II,” <i>Electronic
    Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 7, no. 5.
    American Mathematical Society, pp. 28–36, 2001.
  ista: Kaloshin V, Hunt BR. 2001. A stretched exponential bound on the rate of growth
    of the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms II. Electronic
    Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society. 7(5), 28–36.
  mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Brian R. Hunt. “A Stretched Exponential Bound on the Rate
    of Growth of the Number of Periodic Points for Prevalent Diffeomorphisms II.”
    <i>Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>,
    vol. 7, no. 5, American Mathematical Society, 2001, pp. 28–36, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9">10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9</a>.
  short: V. Kaloshin, B.R. Hunt, Electronic Research Announcements of the American
    Mathematical Society 7 (2001) 28–36.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:49:43Z
date_published: 2001-04-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:51Z
day: '24'
doi: 10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00091-9
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- General Mathematics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 28-36
publication: Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1079-6762
publication_status: published
publisher: American Mathematical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A stretched exponential bound on the rate of growth of the number of periodic
  points for prevalent diffeomorphisms II
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '8522'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: For diffeomorphisms of smooth compact manifolds, we consider the problem of
    how fast the number of periodic points with period $n$grows as a function of $n$.
    In many familiar cases (e.g., Anosov systems) the growth is exponential, but arbitrarily
    fast growth is possible; in fact, the first author has shown that arbitrarily
    fast growth is topologically (Baire) generic for $C^2$ or smoother diffeomorphisms.
    In the present work we show that, by contrast, for a measure-theoretic notion
    of genericity we call ``prevalence'', the growth is not much faster than exponential.
    Specifically, we show that for each $\delta > 0$, there is a prevalent set of
    ( $C^{1+\rho}$ or smoother) diffeomorphisms for which the number of period $n$
    points is bounded above by $\operatorname{exp}(C n^{1+\delta})$ for some $C$ independent
    of $n$. We also obtain a related bound on the decay of the hyperbolicity of the
    periodic points as a function of $n$. The contrast between topologically generic
    and measure-theoretically generic behavior for the growth of the number of periodic
    points and the decay of their hyperbolicity shows this to be a subtle and complex
    phenomenon, reminiscent of KAM theory.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: Brian R.
  full_name: Hunt, Brian R.
  last_name: Hunt
citation:
  ama: Kaloshin V, Hunt BR. A stretched exponential bound on the rate of growth of
    the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms I. <i>Electronic Research
    Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>. 2001;7(4):17-27. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7">10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7</a>
  apa: Kaloshin, V., &#38; Hunt, B. R. (2001). A stretched exponential bound on the
    rate of growth of the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms
    I. <i>Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>.
    American Mathematical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7">https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7</a>
  chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Brian R. Hunt. “A Stretched Exponential Bound on the
    Rate of Growth of the Number of Periodic Points for Prevalent Diffeomorphisms
    I.” <i>Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>.
    American Mathematical Society, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7">https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7</a>.
  ieee: V. Kaloshin and B. R. Hunt, “A stretched exponential bound on the rate of
    growth of the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms I,” <i>Electronic
    Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 7, no. 4.
    American Mathematical Society, pp. 17–27, 2001.
  ista: Kaloshin V, Hunt BR. 2001. A stretched exponential bound on the rate of growth
    of the number of periodic points for prevalent diffeomorphisms I. Electronic Research
    Announcements of the American Mathematical Society. 7(4), 17–27.
  mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Brian R. Hunt. “A Stretched Exponential Bound on the Rate
    of Growth of the Number of Periodic Points for Prevalent Diffeomorphisms I.” <i>Electronic
    Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 7, no. 4,
    American Mathematical Society, 2001, pp. 17–27, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7">10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7</a>.
  short: V. Kaloshin, B.R. Hunt, Electronic Research Announcements of the American
    Mathematical Society 7 (2001) 17–27.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:49:56Z
date_published: 2001-04-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:51Z
day: '18'
doi: 10.1090/s1079-6762-01-00090-7
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- General Mathematics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 17-27
publication: Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1079-6762
publication_status: published
publisher: American Mathematical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A stretched exponential bound on the rate of growth of the number of periodic
  points for prevalent diffeomorphisms I
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '8524'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'A number α∈R is diophantine if it is not well approximable by rationals,
    i.e. for some C,ε>0 and any relatively prime p,q∈Z we have |αq−p|>Cq−1−ε. It is
    well-known and is easy to prove that almost every α in R is diophantine. In this
    paper we address a noncommutative version of the diophantine properties. Consider
    a pair A,B∈SO(3) and for each n∈Z+ take all possible words in A, A -1, B, and
    B - 1 of length n, i.e. for a multiindex I=(i1,i1,…,im,jm) define |I|=∑mk=1(|ik|+|jk|)=n
    and \( W_n(A,B ) = \{W_{\cal I}(A,B) = A^{i_1} B^{j_1} \dots A^{i_m} B^{j_m}\}_{|{\cal
    I|}=n \).¶Gamburd—Jakobson—Sarnak [GJS] raised the problem: prove that for Haar
    almost every pair A,B∈SO(3) the closest distance of words of length n to the identity,
    i.e. sA,B(n)=min|I|=n∥WI(A,B)−E∥, is bounded from below by an exponential function
    in n. This is the analog of the diophantine property for elements of SO(3). In
    this paper we prove that s A,B (n) is bounded from below by an exponential function
    in n 2. We also exhibit obstructions to a “simple” proof of the exponential estimate
    in n.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: I.
  full_name: Rodnianski, I.
  last_name: Rodnianski
citation:
  ama: Kaloshin V, Rodnianski I. Diophantine properties of elements of SO(3). <i>Geometric
    And Functional Analysis</i>. 2001;11(5):953-970. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8">10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8</a>
  apa: Kaloshin, V., &#38; Rodnianski, I. (2001). Diophantine properties of elements
    of SO(3). <i>Geometric And Functional Analysis</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8</a>
  chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, and I. Rodnianski. “Diophantine Properties of Elements
    of SO(3).” <i>Geometric And Functional Analysis</i>. Springer Nature, 2001. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8</a>.
  ieee: V. Kaloshin and I. Rodnianski, “Diophantine properties of elements of SO(3),”
    <i>Geometric And Functional Analysis</i>, vol. 11, no. 5. Springer Nature, pp.
    953–970, 2001.
  ista: Kaloshin V, Rodnianski I. 2001. Diophantine properties of elements of SO(3).
    Geometric And Functional Analysis. 11(5), 953–970.
  mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, and I. Rodnianski. “Diophantine Properties of Elements of
    SO(3).” <i>Geometric And Functional Analysis</i>, vol. 11, no. 5, Springer Nature,
    2001, pp. 953–70, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8">10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8</a>.
  short: V. Kaloshin, I. Rodnianski, Geometric And Functional Analysis 11 (2001) 953–970.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:50:11Z
date_published: 2001-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:52Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s00039-001-8222-8
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 953-970
publication: Geometric And Functional Analysis
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1016-443X
  - 1420-8970
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Diophantine properties of elements of SO(3)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 11
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '855'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Motivation: The context of the start codon (typically, AUG) and the features
    of the 5′ Untranslated Regions (5′ UTRs) are important for understanding translation
    regulation in eukaryotic mRNAs and for accurate prediction of the coding region
    in genomic and cDNA sequences. The presence of AUG triplets in 5′ UTRs (upstream
    AUGs) might effect the initiation rate and, in the context of gene prediction,
    could reduce the accuracy of the identification of the authentic start. To reveal
    potential connections between the presence of upstream AUGs and other features
    of 5′ UTRs, such as their length and the start codon context, we undertook a systematic
    analysis of the available eukaryotic 5′ UTR sequences. Results: We show that a
    large fraction of 5′ UTRs in the available cDNA sequences, 15-53% depending on
    the organism, contain upstream ATGs. A negative correlation was observed between
    the information content of the translation start signal and the length of the
    5′ UTR. Similarly, a negative correlation exists between the ''strength'' of the
    start context and the number of upstream ATGs. Typically, cDNAs containing long
    5′ UTRs with multiple upstream ATGs have a ''weak'' start context, and in contrast,
    cDNAs containing short 5′ UTRs without ATGs have ''strong'' starts. These counter-intuitive
    results may be interpreted in terms of upstream AUGs having an important role
    in the regulation of translation efficiency by ensuring low basal translation
    level via double negative control and creating the potential for additional regulatory
    mechanisms. One of such mechanisms, supported by experimental studies of some
    mRNAs, includes removal of the AUG-containing portion of the 5′ UTR by alternative
    splicing.'
acknowledgement: This work has been partially supported by EU 'TRADAT' project and
  by CNR Genetic Engineering (Italy), the RFBR grant for support of scientific schools
  (00-15-97968) and SD RAS grant for young scientists (AVK). The authors wish to thank
  J.Lyons-Weiler for helpful comments and A. Sorokin for help with the ATG_EVALUATOR
  program.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Igor
  full_name: Rogozin, Igor
  last_name: Rogozin
- first_name: Alex
  full_name: Kochetov, Alex
  last_name: Kochetov
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Kondrashov, Fyodor
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Eugene
  full_name: Koonin, Eugene
  last_name: Koonin
- first_name: Luciano
  full_name: Milanesi, Luciano
  last_name: Milanesi
citation:
  ama: Rogozin I, Kochetov A, Kondrashov F, Koonin E, Milanesi L. Presence of ATG
    triplets in 5′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic cDNAs correlates with a ’weak’context
    of the start codon. <i>Bioinformatics</i>. 2001;17(10):890-900. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890">10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890</a>
  apa: Rogozin, I., Kochetov, A., Kondrashov, F., Koonin, E., &#38; Milanesi, L. (2001).
    Presence of ATG triplets in 5′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic cDNAs correlates
    with a ’weak’context of the start codon. <i>Bioinformatics</i>. Oxford University
    Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890">https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890</a>
  chicago: Rogozin, Igor, Alex Kochetov, Fyodor Kondrashov, Eugene Koonin, and Luciano
    Milanesi. “Presence of ATG Triplets in 5′ Untranslated Regions of Eukaryotic CDNAs
    Correlates with a ’weak’context of the Start Codon.” <i>Bioinformatics</i>. Oxford
    University Press, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890">https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890</a>.
  ieee: I. Rogozin, A. Kochetov, F. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, and L. Milanesi, “Presence
    of ATG triplets in 5′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic cDNAs correlates with
    a ’weak’context of the start codon,” <i>Bioinformatics</i>, vol. 17, no. 10. Oxford
    University Press, pp. 890–900, 2001.
  ista: Rogozin I, Kochetov A, Kondrashov F, Koonin E, Milanesi L. 2001. Presence
    of ATG triplets in 5′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic cDNAs correlates with
    a ’weak’context of the start codon. Bioinformatics. 17(10), 890–900.
  mla: Rogozin, Igor, et al. “Presence of ATG Triplets in 5′ Untranslated Regions
    of Eukaryotic CDNAs Correlates with a ’weak’context of the Start Codon.” <i>Bioinformatics</i>,
    vol. 17, no. 10, Oxford University Press, 2001, pp. 890–900, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890">10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890</a>.
  short: I. Rogozin, A. Kochetov, F. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, L. Milanesi, Bioinformatics
    17 (2001) 890–900.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:52Z
date_published: 2001-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-02T09:08:25Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.10.890
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11673233'
intvolume: '        17'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 890 - 900
pmid: 1
publication: Bioinformatics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1367-4803
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
publist_id: '6795'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Presence of ATG triplets in 5′ untranslated regions of eukaryotic cDNAs correlates
  with a 'weak'context of the start codon
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 17
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '867'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Genes with new functions often evolve by gene duplication. Alternative splicing
    is another means of evolutionary innovation in eukaryotes, which allows a single
    gene to encode functionally diverse proteins. We investigate a connection between
    these two evolutionary phenomena. For ∼10% of the described cases of substitution
    alternative splicing, such that either one or another amino acid sequence is included
    into the protein, evidence of origin by tandem exon duplication was found. This
    is a conservative estimate because alternative exons are typically short and,
    on many occasions, duplicates may have diverged beyond recognition. Dating exon
    duplications through a combination of the available experimental data on alternative
    splicing in orthologous genes from different species and computational analysis
    indicates that most of the duplications antedate at least the radiation of mammalian
    orders or even the radiation of vertebrate classes. At present, tandem exon duplication
    is the only mechanism of evolution of substitution alternative splicing that can
    be specifically demonstrated. Along with gene duplication, this could be a major
    route for generating functional diversity during evolution of multicellular eukaryotes.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Kondrashov, Fyodor
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Eugene
  full_name: Koonin, Eugene
  last_name: Koonin
citation:
  ama: Kondrashov F, Koonin E. Origin of alternative splicing by tandem exon duplication.
    <i>Human Molecular Genetics</i>. 2001;10(23):2661-2669. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661">10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661</a>
  apa: Kondrashov, F., &#38; Koonin, E. (2001). Origin of alternative splicing by
    tandem exon duplication. <i>Human Molecular Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661">https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661</a>
  chicago: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Eugene Koonin. “Origin of Alternative Splicing
    by Tandem Exon Duplication.” <i>Human Molecular Genetics</i>. Oxford University
    Press, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661">https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661</a>.
  ieee: F. Kondrashov and E. Koonin, “Origin of alternative splicing by tandem exon
    duplication,” <i>Human Molecular Genetics</i>, vol. 10, no. 23. Oxford University
    Press, pp. 2661–2669, 2001.
  ista: Kondrashov F, Koonin E. 2001. Origin of alternative splicing by tandem exon
    duplication. Human Molecular Genetics. 10(23), 2661–2669.
  mla: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Eugene Koonin. “Origin of Alternative Splicing by Tandem
    Exon Duplication.” <i>Human Molecular Genetics</i>, vol. 10, no. 23, Oxford University
    Press, 2001, pp. 2661–69, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661">10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661</a>.
  short: F. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, Human Molecular Genetics 10 (2001) 2661–2669.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:55Z
date_published: 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-02T08:39:47Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/hmg/10.23.2661
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11726553'
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '23'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2661 - 2669
pmid: 1
publication: Human Molecular Genetics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0964-6906
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
publist_id: '6777'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Origin of alternative splicing by tandem exon duplication
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 10
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '874'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Sex is thought to facilitate accumulation of initially rare beneficial mutations
    by allowing simultaneous allele replacements at many loci. However, this advantage
    of sex depends on a restrictive assumption that the fitness of a genotype is determined
    by fitness potential, a single intermediate variable to which all loci contribute
    additively, so that new alleles can accumulate in any order. Individual-based
    simulations of sexual and asexual populations reveal that under generic selection,
    sex often retards adaptive evolution. When new alleles are beneficial only if
    they accumulate in a prescribed order, a sexual population may evolve two or more
    times slower than an asexual population because only asexual reproduction allows
    some overlap of successive allele replacements. Many other fitness surfaces lead
    to an even greater disadvantage of sex. Thus, either sex exists in spite of its
    impact on the rate of adaptive allele replacements, or natural fitness surfaces
    have rather specific properties, at least at the scale of intrapopulation genetic
    variability.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Kondrashov, Fyodor
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Alexey
  full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey
  last_name: Kondrashov
citation:
  ama: Kondrashov F, Kondrashov A. Multidimensional epistasis and the disadvantage
    of sex. <i>PNAS</i>. 2001;98(21):12089-12092. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.211214298">10.1073/pnas.211214298</a>
  apa: Kondrashov, F., &#38; Kondrashov, A. (2001). Multidimensional epistasis and
    the disadvantage of sex. <i>PNAS</i>. National Academy of Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.211214298">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.211214298</a>
  chicago: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Multidimensional Epistasis
    and the Disadvantage of Sex.” <i>PNAS</i>. National Academy of Sciences, 2001.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.211214298">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.211214298</a>.
  ieee: F. Kondrashov and A. Kondrashov, “Multidimensional epistasis and the disadvantage
    of sex,” <i>PNAS</i>, vol. 98, no. 21. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 12089–12092,
    2001.
  ista: Kondrashov F, Kondrashov A. 2001. Multidimensional epistasis and the disadvantage
    of sex. PNAS. 98(21), 12089–12092.
  mla: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Multidimensional Epistasis and
    the Disadvantage of Sex.” <i>PNAS</i>, vol. 98, no. 21, National Academy of Sciences,
    2001, pp. 12089–92, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.211214298">10.1073/pnas.211214298</a>.
  short: F. Kondrashov, A. Kondrashov, PNAS 98 (2001) 12089–12092.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:58Z
date_published: 2001-10-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-02T08:18:22Z
day: '09'
doi: 10.1073/pnas.211214298
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11593020'
intvolume: '        98'
issue: '21'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC59772/
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 12089 - 12092
pmid: 1
publication: PNAS
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0027-8424
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
publist_id: '6774'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Multidimensional epistasis and the disadvantage of sex
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 98
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '888'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'BACKGROUND: Detection of changes in a protein''s evolutionary rate may reveal
    cases of change in that protein''s function. We developed and implemented a simple
    relative rates test in an attempt to assess the rate constancy of protein evolution
    and to detect cases of functional diversification between orthologous proteins.
    The test was performed on clusters of orthologous protein sequences from complete
    bacterial genomes (Chlamydia trachomatis, C. muridarum and Chlamydophila pneumoniae),
    complete archaeal genomes (Pyrococcus horikoshii, P. abyssi and P. furiosus) and
    partially sequenced mammalian genomes (human, mouse and rat). RESULTS: Amino-acid
    sequence evolution rates are significantly correlated on different branches of
    phylogenetic trees representing the great majority of analyzed orthologous protein
    sets from all three domains of life. However, approximately 1% of the proteins
    from each group of species deviates from this pattern and instead shows variation
    that is consistent with an acceleration of the rate of amino-acid substitution,
    which may be due to functional diversification. Most of the putative functionally
    diversified proteins from all three species groups are predicted to function at
    the periphery of the cells and mediate their interaction with the environment.
    CONCLUSIONS: Relative rates of protein evolution are remarkably constant for the
    three species groups analyzed here. Deviations from this rate constancy are probably
    due to changes in selective constraints associated with diversification between
    orthologs. Functional diversification between orthologs is thought to be a relatively
    rare event. However, the resolution afforded by the test designed specifically
    for genomic-scale datasets allowed us to identify numerous cases of possible functional
    diversification between orthologous proteins.'
acknowledgement: We thank Alexey Kondrashov for many helpful discussions and constructive
  criticisms, Charles DeLisi, David Landsman, Detlef Leipe, Wojciech Makalowski and
  Itai Yanai for critical reading of the manuscript and constructive comments and
  L. Aravind for advice on protein function prediction. The release of the unpublished
  P. furiosus genome sequence by the Utah Genome Center at the University of Utah
  is acknowledged and appreciated.
article_number: research0053.1
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ingo
  full_name: Jordan, Ingo
  last_name: Jordan
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Kondrashov, Fyodor
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Igor
  full_name: Rogozin, Igor
  last_name: Rogozin
- first_name: Roman
  full_name: Tatusov, Roman
  last_name: Tatusov
- first_name: Yuri
  full_name: Wolf, Yuri
  last_name: Wolf
- first_name: Eugene
  full_name: Koonin, Eugene
  last_name: Koonin
citation:
  ama: Jordan I, Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Tatusov R, Wolf Y, Koonin E. Constant relative
    rate of protein evolution and detection of functional diversification among bacterial,
    archaeal and eukaryotic proteins . <i>Genome Biology</i>. 2001;2(12). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053">10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053</a>
  apa: Jordan, I., Kondrashov, F., Rogozin, I., Tatusov, R., Wolf, Y., &#38; Koonin,
    E. (2001). Constant relative rate of protein evolution and detection of functional
    diversification among bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic proteins . <i>Genome
    Biology</i>. BioMed Central. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053">https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053</a>
  chicago: Jordan, Ingo, Fyodor Kondrashov, Igor Rogozin, Roman Tatusov, Yuri Wolf,
    and Eugene Koonin. “Constant Relative Rate of Protein Evolution and Detection
    of Functional Diversification among Bacterial, Archaeal and Eukaryotic Proteins
    .” <i>Genome Biology</i>. BioMed Central, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053">https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053</a>.
  ieee: I. Jordan, F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, R. Tatusov, Y. Wolf, and E. Koonin,
    “Constant relative rate of protein evolution and detection of functional diversification
    among bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic proteins ,” <i>Genome Biology</i>, vol.
    2, no. 12. BioMed Central, 2001.
  ista: Jordan I, Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Tatusov R, Wolf Y, Koonin E. 2001. Constant
    relative rate of protein evolution and detection of functional diversification
    among bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic proteins . Genome Biology. 2(12), research0053.1.
  mla: Jordan, Ingo, et al. “Constant Relative Rate of Protein Evolution and Detection
    of Functional Diversification among Bacterial, Archaeal and Eukaryotic Proteins
    .” <i>Genome Biology</i>, vol. 2, no. 12, research0053.1, BioMed Central, 2001,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053">10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053</a>.
  short: I. Jordan, F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, R. Tatusov, Y. Wolf, E. Koonin, Genome
    Biology 2 (2001).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:02Z
date_published: 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-31T12:15:37Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1186/gb-2001-2-12-research0053
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11790256'
intvolume: '         2'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC64838/
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Genome Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1465-6906
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6758'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Constant relative rate of protein evolution and detection of functional diversification
  among bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic proteins '
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 2
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2340'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Recent experimental breakthroughs in the treatment of dilute Bose gases have
    renewed interest in their quantum mechanical description, respectively in approximations
    to it. The ground state properties of dilute Bose gases confined in external potentials
    and interacting via repulsive short range forces are usually described by means
    of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. In joint work with Elliott H. Lieb
    and Jakob Yngvason its status as an approximation for the quantum mechanical many-body
    ground state problem has recently been rigorously clarified. We present a summary
    of this work, for both the two-and three-dimensional case.\r\n"
alternative_title:
- 'Operator Theory: Advances and Applications'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: 'Seiringer R. Bosons in a trap: Asymptotic exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    ground state energy formula. In: Demuth M, Schultze B, eds. Vol 126. Birkhäuser;
    2001:307-314. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6">10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6</a>'
  apa: 'Seiringer, R. (2001). Bosons in a trap: Asymptotic exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    ground state energy formula. In M. Demuth &#38; B. Schultze (Eds.) (Vol. 126,
    pp. 307–314). Presented at the PDE: Partial Differential Equations and Spectral
    Theory, Clausthal, Germany: Birkhäuser. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6</a>'
  chicago: 'Seiringer, Robert. “Bosons in a Trap: Asymptotic Exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    Ground State Energy Formula.” edited by Michael Demuth and Bert Schultze, 126:307–14.
    Birkhäuser, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Seiringer, “Bosons in a trap: Asymptotic exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    ground state energy formula,” presented at the PDE: Partial Differential Equations
    and Spectral Theory, Clausthal, Germany, 2001, vol. 126, pp. 307–314.'
  ista: 'Seiringer R. 2001. Bosons in a trap: Asymptotic exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    ground state energy formula. PDE: Partial Differential Equations and Spectral
    Theory, Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, vol. 126, 307–314.'
  mla: 'Seiringer, Robert. <i>Bosons in a Trap: Asymptotic Exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    Ground State Energy Formula</i>. Edited by Michael Demuth and Bert Schultze, vol.
    126, Birkhäuser, 2001, pp. 307–14, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6">10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6</a>.'
  short: R. Seiringer, in:, M. Demuth, B. Schultze (Eds.), Birkhäuser, 2001, pp. 307–314.
conference:
  location: Clausthal, Germany
  name: 'PDE: Partial Differential Equations and Spectral Theory'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:05Z
date_published: 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-30T13:20:05Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-8231-6
editor:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Demuth, Michael
  last_name: Demuth
- first_name: Bert
  full_name: Schultze, Bert
  last_name: Schultze
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - math-ph/0010006
intvolume: '       126'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0010006
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: 307 - 314
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783034894838'
publication_status: published
publisher: Birkhäuser
publist_id: '4586'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Bosons in a trap: Asymptotic exactness of the Gross-Pitaevskii ground state
  energy formula'
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 126
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2341'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study the ground state properties of an atom with nuclear charge Z and
    N bosonic &quot;electrons&quot; in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field
    B. We investigate the mean field limit N→∞ with N / Z fixed, and identify three
    different asymptotic regions, according to B≪Z2,B∼Z2,andB≫Z2 . In Region 1 standard
    Hartree theory is applicable. Region 3 is described by a one-dimensional functional,
    which is identical to the so-called Hyper-Strong functional introduced by Lieb,
    Solovej and Yngvason for atoms with fermionic electrons in the region B≫Z3 ; i.e.,
    for very strong magnetic fields the ground state properties of atoms are independent
    of statistics. For Region 2 we introduce a general magnetic Hartree functional,
    which is studied in detail. It is shown that in the special case of an atom it
    can be restricted to the subspace of zero angular momentum parallel to the magnetic
    field, which simplifies the theory considerably. The functional reproduces the
    energy and the one-particle reduced density matrix for the full N-particle ground
    state to leading order in N, and it implies the description of the other regions
    as limiting cases.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Bernhard
  full_name: Baumgartner, Bernhard
  last_name: Baumgartner
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: Baumgartner B, Seiringer R. Atoms with bosonic &#38;quot;electrons&#38;quot;
    in strong magnetic fields. <i>Annales Henri Poincare</i>. 2001;2(1):41-76. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001032">10.1007/PL00001032</a>
  apa: Baumgartner, B., &#38; Seiringer, R. (2001). Atoms with bosonic &#38;quot;electrons&#38;quot;
    in strong magnetic fields. <i>Annales Henri Poincare</i>. Birkhäuser. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001032">https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001032</a>
  chicago: Baumgartner, Bernhard, and Robert Seiringer. “Atoms with Bosonic &#38;quot;Electrons&#38;quot;
    in Strong Magnetic Fields.” <i>Annales Henri Poincare</i>. Birkhäuser, 2001. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001032">https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001032</a>.
  ieee: B. Baumgartner and R. Seiringer, “Atoms with bosonic &#38;quot;electrons&#38;quot;
    in strong magnetic fields,” <i>Annales Henri Poincare</i>, vol. 2, no. 1. Birkhäuser,
    pp. 41–76, 2001.
  ista: Baumgartner B, Seiringer R. 2001. Atoms with bosonic &#38;quot;electrons&#38;quot;
    in strong magnetic fields. Annales Henri Poincare. 2(1), 41–76.
  mla: Baumgartner, Bernhard, and Robert Seiringer. “Atoms with Bosonic &#38;quot;Electrons&#38;quot;
    in Strong Magnetic Fields.” <i>Annales Henri Poincare</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, Birkhäuser,
    2001, pp. 41–76, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001032">10.1007/PL00001032</a>.
  short: B. Baumgartner, R. Seiringer, Annales Henri Poincare 2 (2001) 41–76.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:06Z
date_published: 2001-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-30T12:49:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/PL00001032
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - math-ph/0007007
intvolume: '         2'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0007007
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: 41 - 76
publication: Annales Henri Poincare
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1424-0637
publication_status: published
publisher: Birkhäuser
publist_id: '4585'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Atoms with bosonic &quot;electrons&quot; in strong magnetic fields
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 2
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2345'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We give upper bounds for the number of spin-1/2 particles that can be bound
    to a nucleus of charge Z in the presence of a magnetic field B, including the
    spin-field coupling. We use Lieb's strategy, which is known to yield Nc &lt; 2Z
    + 1 for magnetic fields that go to zero at infinity, ignoring the spin-field interaction.
    For particles with fermionic statistics in a homogeneous magnetic field our upper
    bound has an additional term of the order of Z × min {(B/Z3)2/5, 1 + | 1n(B/Z3)|2}.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: 'Seiringer R. On the maximal ionization of atoms in strong magnetic fields.
    <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General</i>. 2001;34(9):1943-1948. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311">10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311</a>'
  apa: 'Seiringer, R. (2001). On the maximal ionization of atoms in strong magnetic
    fields. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General</i>. IOP Publishing
    Ltd. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311">https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311</a>'
  chicago: 'Seiringer, Robert. “On the Maximal Ionization of Atoms in Strong Magnetic
    Fields.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General</i>. IOP Publishing
    Ltd., 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311">https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Seiringer, “On the maximal ionization of atoms in strong magnetic fields,”
    <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General</i>, vol. 34, no. 9. IOP Publishing
    Ltd., pp. 1943–1948, 2001.'
  ista: 'Seiringer R. 2001. On the maximal ionization of atoms in strong magnetic
    fields. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General. 34(9), 1943–1948.'
  mla: 'Seiringer, Robert. “On the Maximal Ionization of Atoms in Strong Magnetic
    Fields.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General</i>, vol. 34, no. 9,
    IOP Publishing Ltd., 2001, pp. 1943–48, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311">10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311</a>.'
  short: 'R. Seiringer, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 34 (2001) 1943–1948.'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:07Z
date_published: 2001-03-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-30T12:37:44Z
day: '09'
doi: 10.1088/0305-4470/34/9/311
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - math-ph/0006002
intvolume: '        34'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0006002
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: 1943 - 1948
publication: 'Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General'
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0305-4470
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing Ltd.
publist_id: '4580'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: On the maximal ionization of atoms in strong magnetic fields
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 34
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2346'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: By means of a generalization of the Fefferman - de la Llave decomposition
    we derive a general lower bound on the interaction energy of one-dimensional quantum
    systems. We apply this result to a specific class of lowest Landau band wave functions.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Hainzl, Christian
  last_name: Hainzl
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: Hainzl C, Seiringer R. Bounds on one-dimensional exchange energies with application
    to lowest Landau band quantum mechanics. <i>Letters in Mathematical Physics</i>.
    2001;55(2):133-142. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010951905548">10.1023/A:1010951905548</a>
  apa: Hainzl, C., &#38; Seiringer, R. (2001). Bounds on one-dimensional exchange
    energies with application to lowest Landau band quantum mechanics. <i>Letters
    in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010951905548">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010951905548</a>
  chicago: Hainzl, Christian, and Robert Seiringer. “Bounds on One-Dimensional Exchange
    Energies with Application to Lowest Landau Band Quantum Mechanics.” <i>Letters
    in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010951905548">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010951905548</a>.
  ieee: C. Hainzl and R. Seiringer, “Bounds on one-dimensional exchange energies with
    application to lowest Landau band quantum mechanics,” <i>Letters in Mathematical
    Physics</i>, vol. 55, no. 2. Springer, pp. 133–142, 2001.
  ista: Hainzl C, Seiringer R. 2001. Bounds on one-dimensional exchange energies with
    application to lowest Landau band quantum mechanics. Letters in Mathematical Physics.
    55(2), 133–142.
  mla: Hainzl, Christian, and Robert Seiringer. “Bounds on One-Dimensional Exchange
    Energies with Application to Lowest Landau Band Quantum Mechanics.” <i>Letters
    in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 55, no. 2, Springer, 2001, pp. 133–42, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010951905548">10.1023/A:1010951905548</a>.
  short: C. Hainzl, R. Seiringer, Letters in Mathematical Physics 55 (2001) 133–142.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:07Z
date_published: 2001-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-30T12:44:05Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1023/A:1010951905548
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - cond-mat/0102118
intvolume: '        55'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0102118
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 133 - 142
publication: Letters in Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0377-9017
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4581'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Bounds on one-dimensional exchange energies with application to lowest Landau
  band quantum mechanics
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 55
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2347'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We consider the ground state properties of an inhomogeneous two-dimensional
    Bose gas with a repulsive, short range pair interaction and an external confining
    potential. In the limit when the particle number N is large but ρ̅a 2 is small,
    where ρ̅ is the average particle density and a the scattering length, the ground
    state energy and density are rigorously shown to be given to leading order by
    a Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) energy functional with a coupling constant g~1/|1n(ρ̅a
    2)|. In contrast to the 3D case the coupling constant depends on N through the
    mean density. The GP energy per particle depends only on Ng. In 2D this parameter
    is typically so large that the gradient term in the GP energy functional is negligible
    and the simpler description by a Thomas–Fermi type functional is adequate.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Élliott
  full_name: Lieb, Élliott
  last_name: Lieb
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Yngvason, Jakob
  last_name: Yngvason
citation:
  ama: Lieb É, Seiringer R, Yngvason J. A rigorous derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    energy functional for a two-dimensional Bose gas. <i>Communications in Mathematical
    Physics</i>. 2001;224(1):17-31. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100533">10.1007/s002200100533</a>
  apa: Lieb, É., Seiringer, R., &#38; Yngvason, J. (2001). A rigorous derivation of
    the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional for a two-dimensional Bose gas. <i>Communications
    in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100533">https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100533</a>
  chicago: Lieb, Élliott, Robert Seiringer, and Jakob Yngvason. “A Rigorous Derivation
    of the Gross-Pitaevskii Energy Functional for a Two-Dimensional Bose Gas.” <i>Communications
    in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100533">https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100533</a>.
  ieee: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, and J. Yngvason, “A rigorous derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    energy functional for a two-dimensional Bose gas,” <i>Communications in Mathematical
    Physics</i>, vol. 224, no. 1. Springer, pp. 17–31, 2001.
  ista: Lieb É, Seiringer R, Yngvason J. 2001. A rigorous derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii
    energy functional for a two-dimensional Bose gas. Communications in Mathematical
    Physics. 224(1), 17–31.
  mla: Lieb, Élliott, et al. “A Rigorous Derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii Energy
    Functional for a Two-Dimensional Bose Gas.” <i>Communications in Mathematical
    Physics</i>, vol. 224, no. 1, Springer, 2001, pp. 17–31, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100533">10.1007/s002200100533</a>.
  short: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Yngvason, Communications in Mathematical Physics
    224 (2001) 17–31.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:08Z
date_published: 2001-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-30T12:28:46Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s002200100533
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - cond-mat/0005026
intvolume: '       224'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0005026
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 17 - 31
publication: Communications in Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0010-3616
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4579'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A rigorous derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional for a two-dimensional
  Bose gas
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 224
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2348'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This paper concerns the asymptotic ground state properties of heavy atoms
    in strong, homogeneous magnetic fields. In the limit when the nuclear charge Z
    tends to ∞ with the magnetic field B satisfying B ≫ Z4/3 all the electrons are
    confined to the lowest Landau band. We consider here an energy functional, whose
    variable is a sequence of one-dimensional density matrices corresponding to different
    angular momentum functions in the lowest Landau band. We study this functional
    in detail and derive various interesting properties, which are compared with the
    density matrix (DM) theory introduced by Lieb, Solovej and Yngvason. In contrast
    to the DM theory the variable perpendicular to the field is replaced by the discrete
    angular momentum quantum numbers. Hence we call the new functional a discrete
    density matrix (DDM) functional. We relate this DDM theory to the lowest Landau
    band quantum mechanics and show that it reproduces correctly the ground state
    energy apart from errors due to the indirect part of the Coulomb interaction energy.
acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank Bernhard Baumgartner and Jakob Yngvason
  for proofreading and valuable comments.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Hainzl, Christian
  last_name: Hainzl
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: Hainzl C, Seiringer R. A discrete density matrix theory for atoms in strong
    magnetic fields. <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>. 2001;217(1):229-248.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100373">10.1007/s002200100373</a>
  apa: Hainzl, C., &#38; Seiringer, R. (2001). A discrete density matrix theory for
    atoms in strong magnetic fields. <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>.
    Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100373">https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100373</a>
  chicago: Hainzl, Christian, and Robert Seiringer. “A Discrete Density Matrix Theory
    for Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields.” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>.
    Springer, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100373">https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100373</a>.
  ieee: C. Hainzl and R. Seiringer, “A discrete density matrix theory for atoms in
    strong magnetic fields,” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 217,
    no. 1. Springer, pp. 229–248, 2001.
  ista: Hainzl C, Seiringer R. 2001. A discrete density matrix theory for atoms in
    strong magnetic fields. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 217(1), 229–248.
  mla: Hainzl, Christian, and Robert Seiringer. “A Discrete Density Matrix Theory
    for Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields.” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>,
    vol. 217, no. 1, Springer, 2001, pp. 229–48, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100373">10.1007/s002200100373</a>.
  short: C. Hainzl, R. Seiringer, Communications in Mathematical Physics 217 (2001)
    229–248.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:08Z
date_published: 2001-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-30T06:54:54Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s002200100373
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - math-ph/0010005
intvolume: '       217'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0010005
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 229 - 248
publication: Communications in Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0010-3616
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4578'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A discrete density matrix theory for atoms in strong magnetic fields
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 217
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '2419'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: For an absolutely continuous probability measure μ. on ℝd and a nonnegative
    integer k, let S̃k(μ, 0) denote the probability that the convex hull of k + d
    + 1 random points which are i.i.d. according to μ contains the origin 0. For d
    and k given, we determine a tight upper bound on S̃k(μ, 0), and we characterize
    the measures in ℝd which attain this bound. As we will see, this result can be
    considered a continuous analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem for the maximal number
    of faces of convex polytopes with a given number of vertices. For our proof we
    introduce so-called h-functions, continuous counterparts of h-vectors of simplicial
    convex polytopes.
acknowledgement: We are indebted to Rolf Schneider for many helpful remarks and in
  particular for bringing reference [6] to our attention
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Uli
  full_name: Wagner, Uli
  id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wagner
  orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
- first_name: Emo
  full_name: Welzl, Emo
  last_name: Welzl
citation:
  ama: Wagner U, Welzl E. A continuous analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem. <i>Discrete
    &#38; Computational Geometry</i>. 2001;26(2):205-219. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9">10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9</a>
  apa: Wagner, U., &#38; Welzl, E. (2001). A continuous analogue of the Upper Bound
    Theorem. <i>Discrete &#38; Computational Geometry</i>. Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9</a>
  chicago: Wagner, Uli, and Emo Welzl. “A Continuous Analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem.”
    <i>Discrete &#38; Computational Geometry</i>. Springer, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9</a>.
  ieee: U. Wagner and E. Welzl, “A continuous analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem,”
    <i>Discrete &#38; Computational Geometry</i>, vol. 26, no. 2. Springer, pp. 205–219,
    2001.
  ista: Wagner U, Welzl E. 2001. A continuous analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem.
    Discrete &#38; Computational Geometry. 26(2), 205–219.
  mla: Wagner, Uli, and Emo Welzl. “A Continuous Analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem.”
    <i>Discrete &#38; Computational Geometry</i>, vol. 26, no. 2, Springer, 2001,
    pp. 205–19, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9">10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9</a>.
  short: U. Wagner, E. Welzl, Discrete &#38; Computational Geometry 26 (2001) 205–219.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:33Z
date_published: 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-24T13:13:51Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s00454-001-0028-9
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        26'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 205 - 219
publication: Discrete & Computational Geometry
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0179-5376
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4506'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A continuous analogue of the Upper Bound Theorem
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 26
year: '2001'
...
