---
_id: '210'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Harold Davenport was one of the truly great mathematicians of the twentieth
    century. Based on lectures he gave at the University of Michigan in the early
    1960s, this book is concerned with the use of analytic methods in the study of
    integer solutions to Diophantine equations and Diophantine inequalities. It provides
    an excellent introduction to a timeless area of number theory that is still as
    widely researched today as it was when the book originally appeared. The three
    main themes of the book are Waring's problem and the representation of integers
    by diagonal forms, the solubility in integers of systems of forms in many variables,
    and the solubility in integers of diagonal inequalities. For the second edition
    of the book a comprehensive foreword has been added in which three prominent authorities
    describe the modern context and recent developments. A thorough bibliography has
    also been added.
alternative_title:
- Cambridge Mathematical Library
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Harold
  full_name: Davenport, Harold
  last_name: Davenport
- first_name: Timothy D
  full_name: Browning, Timothy D
  id: 35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Browning
  orcid: 0000-0002-8314-0177
citation:
  ama: Davenport H, Browning TD. <i>Analytic Methods for Diophantine Equations and
    Diophantine Inequalities</i>. Cambridge University Press; 2005. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542893">10.1017/CBO9780511542893</a>
  apa: Davenport, H., &#38; Browning, T. D. (2005). <i>Analytic Methods for Diophantine
    Equations and Diophantine Inequalities</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542893">https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542893</a>
  chicago: Davenport, Harold, and Timothy D Browning. <i>Analytic Methods for Diophantine
    Equations and Diophantine Inequalities</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542893">https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542893</a>.
  ieee: H. Davenport and T. D. Browning, <i>Analytic Methods for Diophantine Equations
    and Diophantine Inequalities</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  ista: Davenport H, Browning TD. 2005. Analytic Methods for Diophantine Equations
    and Diophantine Inequalities, Cambridge University Press, 140p.
  mla: Davenport, Harold, and Timothy D. Browning. <i>Analytic Methods for Diophantine
    Equations and Diophantine Inequalities</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2005,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542893">10.1017/CBO9780511542893</a>.
  short: H. Davenport, T.D. Browning, Analytic Methods for Diophantine Equations and
    Diophantine Inequalities, Cambridge University Press, 2005.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:13Z
date_published: 2005-03-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-12-21T11:02:25Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511542893
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: '140'
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 9-780-5115-4289-3
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
publist_id: '7702'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Analytic Methods for Diophantine Equations and Diophantine Inequalities
type: book
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '211'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Let f ∈ ℤ[x] be a polynomial of degree d. The paucity of non-trivial positive
    integer solutions to the equation f(x1)+f(x 2)=f(x3)+f(x4) is established, provided
    that d ≤ 7$. Also the corresponding situation is investigated for equal sums of
    three like polynomials.
acknowledgement: grant number GR/R93155/01
author:
- first_name: Timothy D
  full_name: Timothy Browning
  id: 35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Browning
  orcid: 0000-0002-8314-0177
citation:
  ama: Browning TD. Equal sums of like polynomials. <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical
    Society</i>. 2005;37(6):801-808. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024609305004741">10.1112/S0024609305004741</a>
  apa: Browning, T. D. (2005). Equal sums of like polynomials. <i>Bulletin of the
    London Mathematical Society</i>. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024609305004741">https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024609305004741</a>
  chicago: Browning, Timothy D. “Equal Sums of like Polynomials.” <i>Bulletin of the
    London Mathematical Society</i>. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024609305004741">https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024609305004741</a>.
  ieee: T. D. Browning, “Equal sums of like polynomials,” <i>Bulletin of the London
    Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 37, no. 6. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, pp. 801–808,
    2005.
  ista: Browning TD. 2005. Equal sums of like polynomials. Bulletin of the London
    Mathematical Society. 37(6), 801–808.
  mla: Browning, Timothy D. “Equal Sums of like Polynomials.” <i>Bulletin of the London
    Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 37, no. 6, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2005, pp. 801–08,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1112/S0024609305004741">10.1112/S0024609305004741</a>.
  short: T.D. Browning, Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 37 (2005) 801–808.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:14Z
date_published: 2005-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:55:22Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1112/S0024609305004741
extern: 1
intvolume: '        37'
issue: '6'
month: '12'
page: 801 - 808
publication: Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society
publication_status: published
publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
publist_id: '7700'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Equal sums of like polynomials
type: journal_article
volume: 37
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '212'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: For any n ≧ 2, let F ∈ ℤ [ x 1, … , xn ] be a form of degree d≧ 2, which produces
    a geometrically irreducible hypersurface in ℙn–1. This paper is concerned with
    the number N(F;B) of rational points on F = 0 which have height at most B. For
    any ε &gt; 0 we establish the estimate N(F; B) = O(B n− 2+ ε ), whenever either
    n ≦ 5 or the hypersurface is not a union of lines. Here the implied constant depends
    at most upon d, n and ε.
author:
- first_name: Timothy D
  full_name: Timothy Browning
  id: 35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Browning
  orcid: 0000-0002-8314-0177
- first_name: Roger
  full_name: Heath-Brown, Roger
  last_name: Heath Brown
citation:
  ama: Browning TD, Heath Brown R. Counting rational points on hypersurfaces. <i>Journal
    fur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik</i>. 2005;(584):83-115. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83">https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83</a>
  apa: Browning, T. D., &#38; Heath Brown, R. (2005). Counting rational points on
    hypersurfaces. <i>Journal Fur Die Reine Und Angewandte Mathematik</i>. Walter
    de Gruyter and Co . <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83">https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83</a>
  chicago: Browning, Timothy D, and Roger Heath Brown. “Counting Rational Points on
    Hypersurfaces.” <i>Journal Fur Die Reine Und Angewandte Mathematik</i>. Walter
    de Gruyter and Co , 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83">https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83</a>.
  ieee: T. D. Browning and R. Heath Brown, “Counting rational points on hypersurfaces,”
    <i>Journal fur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik</i>, no. 584. Walter de Gruyter
    and Co , pp. 83–115, 2005.
  ista: Browning TD, Heath Brown R. 2005. Counting rational points on hypersurfaces.
    Journal fur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik. (584), 83–115.
  mla: Browning, Timothy D., and Roger Heath Brown. “Counting Rational Points on Hypersurfaces.”
    <i>Journal Fur Die Reine Und Angewandte Mathematik</i>, no. 584, Walter de Gruyter
    and Co , 2005, pp. 83–115, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83">https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83</a>.
  short: T.D. Browning, R. Heath Brown, Journal Fur Die Reine Und Angewandte Mathematik
    (2005) 83–115.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:14Z
date_published: 2005-11-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:55:25Z
day: '26'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.584.83
extern: 1
issue: '584'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.2296
month: '11'
oa: 1
page: 83 - 115
publication: Journal fur die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Walter de Gruyter and Co '
publist_id: '7701'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Counting rational points on hypersurfaces
type: journal_article
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '214'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Given an absolutely irreducible ternary form F, the purpose of this paper
    is to produce better upper bounds for the number of integer solutions to the equation
    F=0, that are restricted to lie in very lopsided boxes. As an application of the
    main result, a new paucity estimate is obtained for equal sums of two like powers.
author:
- first_name: Timothy D
  full_name: Timothy Browning
  id: 35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Browning
  orcid: 0000-0002-8314-0177
- first_name: Roger
  full_name: Heath-Brown, Roger
  last_name: Heath Brown
citation:
  ama: Browning TD, Heath Brown R. Plane curves in boxes and equal sums of two powers.
    <i>Mathematische Zeitschrift</i>. 2005;251(2):233-247. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z">10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z</a>
  apa: Browning, T. D., &#38; Heath Brown, R. (2005). Plane curves in boxes and equal
    sums of two powers. <i>Mathematische Zeitschrift</i>. Unknown. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z</a>
  chicago: Browning, Timothy D, and Roger Heath Brown. “Plane Curves in Boxes and
    Equal Sums of Two Powers.” <i>Mathematische Zeitschrift</i>. Unknown, 2005. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z</a>.
  ieee: T. D. Browning and R. Heath Brown, “Plane curves in boxes and equal sums of
    two powers,” <i>Mathematische Zeitschrift</i>, vol. 251, no. 2. Unknown, pp. 233–247,
    2005.
  ista: Browning TD, Heath Brown R. 2005. Plane curves in boxes and equal sums of
    two powers. Mathematische Zeitschrift. 251(2), 233–247.
  mla: Browning, Timothy D., and Roger Heath Brown. “Plane Curves in Boxes and Equal
    Sums of Two Powers.” <i>Mathematische Zeitschrift</i>, vol. 251, no. 2, Unknown,
    2005, pp. 233–47, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z">10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z</a>.
  short: T.D. Browning, R. Heath Brown, Mathematische Zeitschrift 251 (2005) 233–247.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:15Z
date_published: 2005-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:55:33Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s00209-004-0719-z
extern: 1
intvolume: '       251'
issue: '2'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0506497
month: '09'
oa: 1
page: 233 - 247
publication: Mathematische Zeitschrift
publication_status: published
publisher: Unknown
publist_id: '7699'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Plane curves in boxes and equal sums of two powers
type: journal_article
volume: 251
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '217'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We show that the number of nontrivial rational points of height at most B,
    which lie on the cubic surface x1 x2 x3 = x4 (x1 + x2 + x3)2, has order of magnitude
    B (log B)6. This agrees with Manin's conjecture.
acknowledgement: EPSRC GR/R93155/01
author:
- first_name: Timothy D
  full_name: Timothy Browning
  id: 35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Browning
  orcid: 0000-0002-8314-0177
citation:
  ama: Browning TD. The density of rational points on a certain singular cubic surface.
    <i>Journal of Number Theory</i>. 2005;119(2):242-283. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007">10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007</a>
  apa: Browning, T. D. (2005). The density of rational points on a certain singular
    cubic surface. <i>Journal of Number Theory</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007</a>
  chicago: Browning, Timothy D. “The Density of Rational Points on a Certain Singular
    Cubic Surface.” <i>Journal of Number Theory</i>. Elsevier, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007</a>.
  ieee: T. D. Browning, “The density of rational points on a certain singular cubic
    surface,” <i>Journal of Number Theory</i>, vol. 119, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 242–283,
    2005.
  ista: Browning TD. 2005. The density of rational points on a certain singular cubic
    surface. Journal of Number Theory. 119(2), 242–283.
  mla: Browning, Timothy D. “The Density of Rational Points on a Certain Singular
    Cubic Surface.” <i>Journal of Number Theory</i>, vol. 119, no. 2, Elsevier, 2005,
    pp. 242–83, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007">10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007</a>.
  short: T.D. Browning, Journal of Number Theory 119 (2005) 242–283.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:16Z
date_published: 2005-12-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:55:45Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1016/j.jnt.2005.11.007
extern: 1
intvolume: '       119'
issue: '2'
month: '12'
page: 242 - 283
publication: Journal of Number Theory
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '7695'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: The density of rational points on a certain singular cubic surface
type: journal_article
volume: 119
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2307'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The human norepinephrine (NE) transporter (hNET) attenuates neuronal signaling
    by rapid NE clearance from the synaptic cleft, and NET is a target for cocaine
    and amphetamines as well as therapeutics for depression, obsessive-compulsive
    disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. In spite of its central importance
    in the nervous system, little is known about how NET substrates, such as NE, 1-methyl-4-tetrahydropyridinium
    (MPP+), or amphetamine, interact with NET at the molecular level. Nor do we understand
    the mechanisms behind the transport rate. Previously we introduced a fluorescent
    substrate similar to MPP+, which allowed separate and simultaneous binding and
    transport measurement (Schwartz, J. W., Blakely, R. D., and DeFelice, L. J. (2003)
    J. Biol. Chem. 278, 9768-9777). Here we use this substrate, 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styrl)-N-methyl-pyridinium
    (ASP+), in combination with green fluorescent protein-tagged hNETs to measure
    substrate-transporter stoichiometry and substrate binding kinetics. Calibrated
    confocal microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy reveal that hNETs,
    which are homo-multimers, bind one substrate molecule per transporter subunit.
    Substrate residence at the transporter, obtained from rapid on-off kinetics revealed
    in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, is 526 μs. Substrate residence obtained
    by infinite dilution is 1000 times slower. This novel examination of substrate-transporter
    kinetics indicates that a single ASP + molecule binds and unbinds thousands of
    times before being transported or ultimately dissociated from hNET. Calibrated
    fluorescent images combined with mass spectroscopy give a transport rate of 0.06
    ASP +/hNET-protein/s, thus 36,000 on-off binding events (and 36 actual departures)
    occur for one transport event. Therefore binding has a low probability of resulting
    in transport. We interpret these data to mean that inefficient binding could contribute
    to slow transport rates.
author:
- first_name: Joel
  full_name: Schwartz, Joel W
  last_name: Schwartz
- first_name: Gaia
  full_name: Gaia Novarino
  id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Novarino
  orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
- first_name: David
  full_name: Piston, David W
  last_name: Piston
- first_name: Louis
  full_name: DeFelice, Louis J
  last_name: Defelice
citation:
  ama: Schwartz J, Novarino G, Piston D, Defelice L. Substrate binding stoichiometry
    and kinetics of the norepinephrine transporter. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>.
    2005;280(19):19177-19184. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M412923200">10.1074/jbc.M412923200</a>
  apa: Schwartz, J., Novarino, G., Piston, D., &#38; Defelice, L. (2005). Substrate
    binding stoichiometry and kinetics of the norepinephrine transporter. <i>Journal
    of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M412923200">https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M412923200</a>
  chicago: Schwartz, Joel, Gaia Novarino, David Piston, and Louis Defelice. “Substrate
    Binding Stoichiometry and Kinetics of the Norepinephrine Transporter.” <i>Journal
    of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
    2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M412923200">https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M412923200</a>.
  ieee: J. Schwartz, G. Novarino, D. Piston, and L. Defelice, “Substrate binding stoichiometry
    and kinetics of the norepinephrine transporter,” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>,
    vol. 280, no. 19. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp.
    19177–19184, 2005.
  ista: Schwartz J, Novarino G, Piston D, Defelice L. 2005. Substrate binding stoichiometry
    and kinetics of the norepinephrine transporter. Journal of Biological Chemistry.
    280(19), 19177–19184.
  mla: Schwartz, Joel, et al. “Substrate Binding Stoichiometry and Kinetics of the
    Norepinephrine Transporter.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 280,
    no. 19, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2005, pp. 19177–84,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M412923200">10.1074/jbc.M412923200</a>.
  short: J. Schwartz, G. Novarino, D. Piston, L. Defelice, Journal of Biological Chemistry
    280 (2005) 19177–19184.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:56:54Z
date_published: 2005-05-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:56:40Z
day: '13'
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M412923200
extern: 1
intvolume: '       280'
issue: '19'
month: '05'
page: 19177 - 19184
publication: Journal of Biological Chemistry
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
publist_id: '4619'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Substrate binding stoichiometry and kinetics of the norepinephrine transporter
type: journal_article
volume: 280
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2335'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This book contains a unique survey of the mathematically rigorous results
    about the quantum-mechanical many-body problem that have been obtained by the
    authors in the past seven years. It addresses a topic that is not only rich mathematically,
    using a large variety of techniques in mathematical analysis, but is also one
    with strong ties to current experiments on ultra-cold Bose gases and Bose-Einstein
    condensation. The book provides a pedagogical entry into an active area of ongoing
    research for both graduate students and researchers. It is an outgrowth of a course
    given by the authors for graduate students and post-doctoral researchers at the
    Oberwolfach Research Institute in 2004. The book also provides a coherent summary
    of the field and a reference for mathematicians and physicists active in research
    on quantum mechanics.
alternative_title:
- Oberwolfach Seminars
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Élliott
  full_name: Lieb, Élliott
  last_name: Lieb
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Seiringer, Robert
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Solovej, Jan
  last_name: Solovej
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Yngvason, Jakob
  last_name: Yngvason
citation:
  ama: 'Lieb É, Seiringer R, Solovej J, Yngvason J. <i>The Mathematics of the Bose
    Gas and Its Condensation</i>. Vol 34. Basel ; Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag; 2005.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/b137508">10.1007/b137508</a>'
  apa: 'Lieb, É., Seiringer, R., Solovej, J., &#38; Yngvason, J. (2005). <i>The Mathematics
    of the Bose gas and its Condensation</i> (Vol. 34). Basel ; Berlin: Birkhäuser
    Verlag. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/b137508">https://doi.org/10.1007/b137508</a>'
  chicago: 'Lieb, Élliott, Robert Seiringer, Jan Solovej, and Jakob Yngvason. <i>The
    Mathematics of the Bose Gas and Its Condensation</i>. Vol. 34. Basel ; Berlin:
    Birkhäuser Verlag, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/b137508">https://doi.org/10.1007/b137508</a>.'
  ieee: 'É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Solovej, and J. Yngvason, <i>The Mathematics of
    the Bose gas and its Condensation</i>, vol. 34. Basel ; Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag,
    2005.'
  ista: 'Lieb É, Seiringer R, Solovej J, Yngvason J. 2005. The Mathematics of the
    Bose gas and its Condensation, Basel ; Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag, VIII, 203p.'
  mla: Lieb, Élliott, et al. <i>The Mathematics of the Bose Gas and Its Condensation</i>.
    Vol. 34, Birkhäuser Verlag, 2005, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/b137508">10.1007/b137508</a>.
  short: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Solovej, J. Yngvason, The Mathematics of the Bose
    Gas and Its Condensation, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel ; Berlin, 2005.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:03Z
date_published: 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-12-22T08:04:00Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/b137508
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - cond-mat/0610117
intvolume: '        34'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0610117
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: VIII, 203
place: Basel ; Berlin
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-3-7643-7336-8
publication_status: published
publisher: Birkhäuser Verlag
publist_id: '4591'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: The Mathematics of the Bose gas and its Condensation
type: book
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 34
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2336'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: |2-


    Now that the low temperature properties of quantum-mechanical many-body systems (bosons) at low density, ρ, can be examined experimentally it is appropriate to revisit some of the formulas deduced by many authors 4–5 decades ago, and to explore new regimes not treated before. For systems with repulsive (i.e. positive) interaction potentials the experimental low temperature state and the ground state are effectively synonymous — and this fact is used in all modeling. In such cases, the leading term in the energy/particle is 2πħ2 aρ/m where a is the scattering length of the two-body potential. Owing to the delicate and peculiar nature of bosonic correlations (such as the strange N 7/5 law for charged bosons), four decades of research failed to establish this plausible formula rigorously. The only previous lower bound for the energy was found by Dyson in 1957, but it was 14 times too small. The correct asymptotic formula has been obtained by us and this work will be presented. The reason behind the mathematical difficulties will be emphasized. A different formula, postulated as late as 1971 by Schick, holds in two dimensions and this, too, will be shown to be correct. With the aid of the methodology developed to prove the lower bound for the homogeneous gas, several other problems have been successfully addressed. One is the proof by us that the Gross-Pitaevskii equation correctly describes the ground state in the ‘traps’ actually used in the experiments. For this system it is also possible to prove complete Bose condensation and superfluidity as we have shown. On the frontier of experimental developments is the possibility that a dilute gas in an elongated trap will behave like a one-dimensional system; we have proved this mathematically. Another topic is a proof that Foldy’s 1961 theory of a high density Bose gas of charged particles correctly describes its ground state energy; using this we can also prove the N 7/5 formula for the ground state energy of the two-component charged Bose gas proposed by Dyson in 1967. All of this is quite recent work and it is hoped that the mathematical methodology might be useful, ultimately, to solve more complex problems connected with these interesting systems.
alternative_title:
- Mathematical Physics Studies
author:
- first_name: Élliott
  full_name: Lieb, Élliott H
  last_name: Lieb
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Robert Seiringer
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Solovej, Jan P
  last_name: Solovej
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Yngvason, Jakob
  last_name: Yngvason
citation:
  ama: 'Lieb É, Seiringer R, Solovej J, Yngvason J. The quantum-mechanical many-body
    problem: The Bose gas. In: Benedicks M, Jones P, Smirnov S, Winckler B, eds. <i>Perspectives
    in Analysis</i>. Vol 27. Springer; 2005:97-183. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9">10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9</a>'
  apa: 'Lieb, É., Seiringer, R., Solovej, J., &#38; Yngvason, J. (2005). The quantum-mechanical
    many-body problem: The Bose gas. In M. Benedicks, P. Jones, S. Smirnov, &#38;
    B. Winckler (Eds.), <i>Perspectives in Analysis</i> (Vol. 27, pp. 97–183). Springer.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9</a>'
  chicago: 'Lieb, Élliott, Robert Seiringer, Jan Solovej, and Jakob Yngvason. “The
    Quantum-Mechanical Many-Body Problem: The Bose Gas.” In <i>Perspectives in Analysis</i>,
    edited by Michael Benedicks, Peter Jones, Stanislav Smirnov, and Björn Winckler,
    27:97–183. Springer, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9</a>.'
  ieee: 'É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Solovej, and J. Yngvason, “The quantum-mechanical
    many-body problem: The Bose gas,” in <i>Perspectives in Analysis</i>, vol. 27,
    M. Benedicks, P. Jones, S. Smirnov, and B. Winckler, Eds. Springer, 2005, pp.
    97–183.'
  ista: 'Lieb É, Seiringer R, Solovej J, Yngvason J. 2005.The quantum-mechanical many-body
    problem: The Bose gas. In: Perspectives in Analysis. Mathematical Physics Studies,
    vol. 27, 97–183.'
  mla: 'Lieb, Élliott, et al. “The Quantum-Mechanical Many-Body Problem: The Bose
    Gas.” <i>Perspectives in Analysis</i>, edited by Michael Benedicks et al., vol.
    27, Springer, 2005, pp. 97–183, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9">10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9</a>.'
  short: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Solovej, J. Yngvason, in:, M. Benedicks, P. Jones,
    S. Smirnov, B. Winckler (Eds.), Perspectives in Analysis, Springer, 2005, pp.
    97–183.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:04Z
date_published: 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:56:52Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/3-540-30434-7_9
editor:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Benedicks, Michael
  last_name: Benedicks
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Jones, Peter W
  last_name: Jones
- first_name: Stanislav
  full_name: Smirnov, Stanislav
  last_name: Smirnov
- first_name: Björn
  full_name: Winckler, Björn
  last_name: Winckler
extern: 1
intvolume: '        27'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0405004
month: '01'
oa: 1
page: 97 - 183
publication: Perspectives in Analysis
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4590'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: 'The quantum-mechanical many-body problem: The Bose gas'
type: book_chapter
volume: 27
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2359'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The validity of substituting a c-number z for the k = 0 mode operator a0 is
    established rigorously in full generality, thereby verifying one aspect of Bogoliubov's
    1947 theory. This substitution not only yields the correct value of thermodynamic
    quantities such as the pressure or ground state energy, but also the value of
    |z|2 that maximizes the partition function equals the true amount of condensation
    in the presence of a gauge-symmetry-breaking term. This point had previously been
    elusive.
author:
- first_name: Élliott
  full_name: Lieb, Élliott H
  last_name: Lieb
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Robert Seiringer
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Yngvason, Jakob
  last_name: Yngvason
citation:
  ama: Lieb É, Seiringer R, Yngvason J. Justification of c-number substitutions in
    bosonic hamiltonians. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2005;94(8). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401">10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401</a>
  apa: Lieb, É., Seiringer, R., &#38; Yngvason, J. (2005). Justification of c-number
    substitutions in bosonic hamiltonians. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American
    Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401</a>
  chicago: Lieb, Élliott, Robert Seiringer, and Jakob Yngvason. “Justification of
    C-Number Substitutions in Bosonic Hamiltonians.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>.
    American Physical Society, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401</a>.
  ieee: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, and J. Yngvason, “Justification of c-number substitutions
    in bosonic hamiltonians,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 94, no. 8. American
    Physical Society, 2005.
  ista: Lieb É, Seiringer R, Yngvason J. 2005. Justification of c-number substitutions
    in bosonic hamiltonians. Physical Review Letters. 94(8).
  mla: Lieb, Élliott, et al. “Justification of C-Number Substitutions in Bosonic Hamiltonians.”
    <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 94, no. 8, American Physical Society, 2005,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401">10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401</a>.
  short: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Yngvason, Physical Review Letters 94 (2005).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:12Z
date_published: 2005-03-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:00Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.080401
extern: 1
intvolume: '        94'
issue: '8'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0412023
month: '03'
oa: 1
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '4566'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Justification of c-number substitutions in bosonic hamiltonians
type: journal_article
volume: 94
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2361'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The strong subadditivity of entropy plays a key role in several areas of physics
    and mathematics. It states that the entropy S[±]=- Tr(Ï±lnÏ±) of a density matrix
    Ï±123 on the product of three Hilbert spaces satisfies S[Ï±123]- S[Ï±12]≤S[Ï±23]-S[Ï±2].
    We strengthen this to S[Ï±123]-S[Ï±12] ≤αnα(S[Ï±23α]-S[Ï±2α]), where the nα are
    weights and the Ï±23α are partitions of Ï±23. Correspondingly, there is a strengthening
    of the theorem that the map A|Trexp[L+lnA] is concave. As applications we prove
    some monotonicity and convexity properties of the Wehrl coherent state entropy
    and entropy inequalities for quantum gases.
author:
- first_name: Élliott
  full_name: Lieb, Élliott H
  last_name: Lieb
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Robert Seiringer
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
citation:
  ama: Lieb É, Seiringer R. Stronger subadditivity of entropy. <i>Physical Review
    A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>. 2005;71(6). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329">10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329</a>
  apa: Lieb, É., &#38; Seiringer, R. (2005). Stronger subadditivity of entropy. <i>Physical
    Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>. American Physical Society.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329</a>
  chicago: Lieb, Élliott, and Robert Seiringer. “Stronger Subadditivity of Entropy.”
    <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>. American Physical
    Society, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329</a>.
  ieee: É. Lieb and R. Seiringer, “Stronger subadditivity of entropy,” <i>Physical
    Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>, vol. 71, no. 6. American
    Physical Society, 2005.
  ista: Lieb É, Seiringer R. 2005. Stronger subadditivity of entropy. Physical Review
    A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. 71(6).
  mla: Lieb, Élliott, and Robert Seiringer. “Stronger Subadditivity of Entropy.” <i>Physical
    Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, American
    Physical Society, 2005, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329">10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329</a>.
  short: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
    Physics 71 (2005).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:13Z
date_published: 2005-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:01Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.062329
extern: 1
intvolume: '        71'
issue: '6'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0412009
month: '06'
oa: 1
publication: Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '4564'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Stronger subadditivity of entropy
type: journal_article
volume: 71
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2362'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Recent developments in the physics of low-density trapped gases make it worthwhile
    to verify old, well-known results that, while plausible, were based on perturbation
    theory and assumptions about pseudopotentials. We use and extend recently developed
    techniques to give a rigorous derivation of the asymptotic formula for the ground-state
    energy of a dilute gas of N fermions interacting with a short-range, positive
    potential of scattering length a. For spin-12 fermions, this is E∼E0+(22m)2πNa,
    where E0 is the energy of the noninteracting system and is the density. A similar
    formula holds in two dimensions (2D), with a replaced by ln(a2). Obviously this
    2D energy is not the expectation value of a density-independent pseudopotential.
author:
- first_name: Élliott
  full_name: Lieb, Élliott H
  last_name: Lieb
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Robert Seiringer
  id: 4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Seiringer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6781-0521
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Solovej, Jan P
  last_name: Solovej
citation:
  ama: Lieb É, Seiringer R, Solovej J. Ground state energy of the low density Fermi
    gas. <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>. 2005;71(5).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605">10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605</a>
  apa: Lieb, É., Seiringer, R., &#38; Solovej, J. (2005). Ground state energy of the
    low density Fermi gas. <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>.
    American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605</a>
  chicago: Lieb, Élliott, Robert Seiringer, and Jan Solovej. “Ground State Energy
    of the Low Density Fermi Gas.” <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
    Physics</i>. American Physical Society, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605</a>.
  ieee: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, and J. Solovej, “Ground state energy of the low density
    Fermi gas,” <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>,
    vol. 71, no. 5. American Physical Society, 2005.
  ista: Lieb É, Seiringer R, Solovej J. 2005. Ground state energy of the low density
    Fermi gas. Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. 71(5).
  mla: Lieb, Élliott, et al. “Ground State Energy of the Low Density Fermi Gas.” <i>Physical
    Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>, vol. 71, no. 5, American
    Physical Society, 2005, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605">10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605</a>.
  short: É. Lieb, R. Seiringer, J. Solovej, Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular,
    and Optical Physics 71 (2005).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:13Z
date_published: 2005-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:01Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.053605
extern: 1
intvolume: '        71'
issue: '5'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0412080
month: '05'
oa: 1
publication: Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '4565'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Ground state energy of the low density Fermi gas
type: journal_article
volume: 71
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2427'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Intersection graphs of disks and of line segments, respectively, have been
    well studied, because of both practical applications and theoretically interesting
    properties of these graphs. Despite partial results, the complexity status of
    the Clique problem for these two graph classes is still open. Here, we consider
    the Clique problem for intersection graphs of ellipses, which, in a sense, interpolate
    between disks and line segments, and show that the problem is APX-hard in that
    case. Moreover, this holds even if for all ellipses, the ratio of the larger over
    the smaller radius is some prescribed number. Furthermore, the reduction immediately
    carries over to intersection graphs of triangles. To our knowledge, this is the
    first hardness result for the Clique problem in intersection graphs of convex
    objects with finite description complexity. We also describe a simple approximation
    algorithm for the case of ellipses for which the ratio of radii is bounded.
author:
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Ambühl, Christoph
  last_name: Ambühl
- first_name: Uli
  full_name: Uli Wagner
  id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wagner
  orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
citation:
  ama: Ambühl C, Wagner U. The Clique problem in intersection graphs of ellipses and
    triangles. <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>. 2005;38(3):279-292. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6">10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6</a>
  apa: Ambühl, C., &#38; Wagner, U. (2005). The Clique problem in intersection graphs
    of ellipses and triangles. <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>. Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6</a>
  chicago: Ambühl, Christoph, and Uli Wagner. “The Clique Problem in Intersection
    Graphs of Ellipses and Triangles.” <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>. Springer,
    2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6</a>.
  ieee: C. Ambühl and U. Wagner, “The Clique problem in intersection graphs of ellipses
    and triangles,” <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>, vol. 38, no. 3. Springer,
    pp. 279–292, 2005.
  ista: Ambühl C, Wagner U. 2005. The Clique problem in intersection graphs of ellipses
    and triangles. Theory of Computing Systems. 38(3), 279–292.
  mla: Ambühl, Christoph, and Uli Wagner. “The Clique Problem in Intersection Graphs
    of Ellipses and Triangles.” <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>, vol. 38, no. 3,
    Springer, 2005, pp. 279–92, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6">10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6</a>.
  short: C. Ambühl, U. Wagner, Theory of Computing Systems 38 (2005) 279–292.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:36Z
date_published: 2005-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:25Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s00224-005-1141-6
extern: 1
intvolume: '        38'
issue: '3'
month: '05'
page: 279 - 292
publication: Theory of Computing Systems
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '4497'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: The Clique problem in intersection graphs of ellipses and triangles
type: journal_article
volume: 38
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2428'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We consider an online version of the conflict-free coloring of a set of points
    on the line, where each newly inserted point must be assigned a color upon insertion,
    and at all times the coloring has to be conflict-free, in the sense that in every
    interval I there is a color that appears exactly once in I. We present several
    deterministic and randomized algorithms for achieving this goal, and analyze their
    performance, that is, the maximum number of colors that they need to use, as a
    function of the number n of inserted points. We first show that a natural and
    simple (deterministic) approach may perform rather poorly, requiring Ω(√n) colors
    in the worst case. We then modify this approach, to obtain an efficient deterministic
    algorithm that uses a maximum of Θ(log 2 n) colors. Next, we present two randomized
    solutions. The first algorithm requires an expected number of at most O(log 2
    n) colors, and produces a coloring which is valid with high probability, and the
    second one, which is a variant of our efficient deterministic algorithm, requires
    an expected number of at most O(log n log log n) colors but always produces a
    valid coloring. We also analyze the performance of the simplest proposed algorithm
    when the points are inserted in a random order, and present an incomplete analysis
    that indicates that, with high probability, it uses only O(log n) colors. Finally,
    we show that in the extension of this problem to two dimensions, where the relevant
    ranges are disks, n colors may be required in the worst case. The average-case
    behavior for disks, and cases involving other planar ranges, are still open.
author:
- first_name: Amos
  full_name: Fiat, Amos
  last_name: Fiat
- first_name: Meital
  full_name: Levy, Meital B
  last_name: Levy
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Matoušek, Jiří
  last_name: Matoušek
- first_name: Elchanan
  full_name: Pach, Elchanan M
  last_name: Pach
- first_name: Micha
  full_name: Sharir, Micha
  last_name: Sharir
- first_name: Shakhar
  full_name: Smorodinsky, Shakhar
  last_name: Smorodinsky
- first_name: Uli
  full_name: Uli Wagner
  id: 36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wagner
  orcid: 0000-0002-1494-0568
- first_name: Emo
  full_name: Welzl, Emo
  last_name: Welzl
citation:
  ama: 'Fiat A, Levy M, Matoušek J, et al. Online conflict-free coloring for intervals.
    In: SIAM; 2005:545-554. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539704446682">10.1137/S0097539704446682</a>'
  apa: 'Fiat, A., Levy, M., Matoušek, J., Pach, E., Sharir, M., Smorodinsky, S., …
    Welzl, E. (2005). Online conflict-free coloring for intervals (pp. 545–554). Presented
    at the SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SIAM. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539704446682">https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539704446682</a>'
  chicago: Fiat, Amos, Meital Levy, Jiří Matoušek, Elchanan Pach, Micha Sharir, Shakhar
    Smorodinsky, Uli Wagner, and Emo Welzl. “Online Conflict-Free Coloring for Intervals,”
    545–54. SIAM, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539704446682">https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539704446682</a>.
  ieee: 'A. Fiat <i>et al.</i>, “Online conflict-free coloring for intervals,” presented
    at the SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 2005, pp. 545–554.'
  ista: 'Fiat A, Levy M, Matoušek J, Pach E, Sharir M, Smorodinsky S, Wagner U, Welzl
    E. 2005. Online conflict-free coloring for intervals. SODA: Symposium on Discrete
    Algorithms, 545–554.'
  mla: Fiat, Amos, et al. <i>Online Conflict-Free Coloring for Intervals</i>. SIAM,
    2005, pp. 545–54, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539704446682">10.1137/S0097539704446682</a>.
  short: A. Fiat, M. Levy, J. Matoušek, E. Pach, M. Sharir, S. Smorodinsky, U. Wagner,
    E. Welzl, in:, SIAM, 2005, pp. 545–554.
conference:
  name: 'SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:36Z
date_published: 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:25Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1137/S0097539704446682
extern: 1
month: '01'
page: 545 - 554
publication_status: published
publisher: SIAM
publist_id: '4496'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Online conflict-free coloring for intervals
type: conference
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2455'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Local accumulation of the plant growth regulator auxin mediates pattern formation
    in Arabidopsis roots and influences outgrowth and development of lateral root-
    and shoot-derived primordia. However, it has remained unclear how auxin can simultaneously
    regulate patterning and organ outgrowth and how its distribution is stabilized
    in a primordium-specif ic manner. Here we show that five PIN genes collectively
    control auxin distribution to regulate cell division and cell expansion in the
    primary root. Furthermore, the joint action of these genes has an important role
    in pattern formation by focusing the auxin maximum and restricting the expression
    domain of PLETHORA (PLT) genes, major determinants for root stem cell specification.
    In turn, PLT genes are required for PIN gene transcription to stabilize the auxin
    maximum at the distal root tip. Our data reveal an interaction network of auxin
    transport facilitators and root fate determinants that control patterning and
    growth of the root primordium.
author:
- first_name: Ikram
  full_name: Billou, Ikram
  last_name: Billou
- first_name: Jian
  full_name: Xu, Jian
  last_name: Xu
- first_name: Marjolein
  full_name: Wildwater, Marjolein
  last_name: Wildwater
- first_name: Viola
  full_name: Willemsen, Viola
  last_name: Willemsen
- first_name: Ivan
  full_name: Paponov, Ivan A
  last_name: Paponov
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Jirí Friml
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Renze
  full_name: Heldstra, Renze
  last_name: Heldstra
- first_name: Mitsuhiro
  full_name: Aida, Mitsuhiro
  last_name: Aida
- first_name: Klaus
  full_name: Palme, Klaus J
  last_name: Palme
- first_name: Ben
  full_name: Scheres, Ben
  last_name: Scheres
citation:
  ama: Billou I, Xu J, Wildwater M, et al. The PIN auxin efflux facilitator network
    controls growth and patterning in Arabidopsis roots. <i>Nature</i>. 2005;433(7021):39-44.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03184">10.1038/nature03184</a>
  apa: Billou, I., Xu, J., Wildwater, M., Willemsen, V., Paponov, I., Friml, J., …
    Scheres, B. (2005). The PIN auxin efflux facilitator network controls growth and
    patterning in Arabidopsis roots. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03184">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03184</a>
  chicago: Billou, Ikram, Jian Xu, Marjolein Wildwater, Viola Willemsen, Ivan Paponov,
    Jiří Friml, Renze Heldstra, Mitsuhiro Aida, Klaus Palme, and Ben Scheres. “The
    PIN Auxin Efflux Facilitator Network Controls Growth and Patterning in Arabidopsis
    Roots.” <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03184">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03184</a>.
  ieee: I. Billou <i>et al.</i>, “The PIN auxin efflux facilitator network controls
    growth and patterning in Arabidopsis roots,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 433, no. 7021.
    Nature Publishing Group, pp. 39–44, 2005.
  ista: Billou I, Xu J, Wildwater M, Willemsen V, Paponov I, Friml J, Heldstra R,
    Aida M, Palme K, Scheres B. 2005. The PIN auxin efflux facilitator network controls
    growth and patterning in Arabidopsis roots. Nature. 433(7021), 39–44.
  mla: Billou, Ikram, et al. “The PIN Auxin Efflux Facilitator Network Controls Growth
    and Patterning in Arabidopsis Roots.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 433, no. 7021, Nature
    Publishing Group, 2005, pp. 39–44, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03184">10.1038/nature03184</a>.
  short: I. Billou, J. Xu, M. Wildwater, V. Willemsen, I. Paponov, J. Friml, R. Heldstra,
    M. Aida, K. Palme, B. Scheres, Nature 433 (2005) 39–44.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:46Z
date_published: 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:35Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nature03184
extern: 1
intvolume: '       433'
issue: '7021'
month: '01'
page: 39 - 44
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '4448'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: The PIN auxin efflux facilitator network controls growth and patterning in
  Arabidopsis roots
type: journal_article
volume: 433
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2463'
author:
- first_name: J
  full_name: Dubová, J
  last_name: Dubová
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Hejátko, Jan
  last_name: Hejátko
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Jirí Friml
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: 'Dubová J, Hejátko J, Friml J. Reproduction, plants. In: Meyers R, ed. <i>Encyclopedia
    of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine</i>. Vol 12. Wiley-Blackwell;
    2005:249-295. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906">10.1002/3527600906</a>'
  apa: Dubová, J., Hejátko, J., &#38; Friml, J. (2005). Reproduction, plants. In R.
    Meyers (Ed.), <i>Encyclopedia of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine</i>
    (Vol. 12, pp. 249–295). Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906">https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906</a>
  chicago: Dubová, J, Jan Hejátko, and Jiří Friml. “Reproduction, Plants.” In <i>Encyclopedia
    of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine</i>, edited by Robert Meyers,
    12:249–95. Wiley-Blackwell, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906">https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906</a>.
  ieee: J. Dubová, J. Hejátko, and J. Friml, “Reproduction, plants,” in <i>Encyclopedia
    of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine</i>, vol. 12, R. Meyers, Ed.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2005, pp. 249–295.
  ista: 'Dubová J, Hejátko J, Friml J. 2005.Reproduction, plants. In: Encyclopedia
    of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine. vol. 12, 249–295.'
  mla: Dubová, J., et al. “Reproduction, Plants.” <i>Encyclopedia of Molecular Cell
    Biology and Molecular Medicine</i>, edited by Robert Meyers, vol. 12, Wiley-Blackwell,
    2005, pp. 249–95, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906">10.1002/3527600906</a>.
  short: J. Dubová, J. Hejátko, J. Friml, in:, R. Meyers (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Molecular
    Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Wiley-Blackwell, 2005, pp. 249–295.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:48Z
date_published: 2005-10-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:38Z
day: '28'
doi: 10.1002/3527600906
editor:
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Meyers, Robert A
  last_name: Meyers
extern: 1
intvolume: '        12'
month: '10'
page: 249 - 295
publication: Encyclopedia of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '4440'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Reproduction, plants
type: book_chapter
volume: 12
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2464'
alternative_title:
- Annual Plant Reviews
author:
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Jirí Friml
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Justyna
  full_name: Wiśniewska, Justyna
  last_name: Wiśniewska
citation:
  ama: 'Friml J, Wiśniewska J. Auxin as an intercellular signal. In: Fleming A, ed.
    <i>Intercellular Communication in Plants</i>. Vol 16. Wiley-Blackwell; 2005.'
  apa: Friml, J., &#38; Wiśniewska, J. (2005). Auxin as an intercellular signal. In
    A. Fleming (Ed.), <i>Intercellular Communication in Plants</i> (Vol. 16). Wiley-Blackwell.
  chicago: Friml, Jiří, and Justyna Wiśniewska. “Auxin as an Intercellular Signal.”
    In <i>Intercellular Communication in Plants</i>, edited by Andrew Fleming, Vol.
    16. Wiley-Blackwell, 2005.
  ieee: J. Friml and J. Wiśniewska, “Auxin as an intercellular signal,” in <i>Intercellular
    Communication in Plants</i>, vol. 16, A. Fleming, Ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2005.
  ista: 'Friml J, Wiśniewska J. 2005.Auxin as an intercellular signal. In: Intercellular
    Communication in Plants. Annual Plant Reviews, vol. 16.'
  mla: Friml, Jiří, and Justyna Wiśniewska. “Auxin as an Intercellular Signal.” <i>Intercellular
    Communication in Plants</i>, edited by Andrew Fleming, vol. 16, Wiley-Blackwell,
    2005.
  short: J. Friml, J. Wiśniewska, in:, A. Fleming (Ed.), Intercellular Communication
    in Plants, Wiley-Blackwell, 2005.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:49Z
date_published: 2005-01-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:57:38Z
day: '13'
editor:
- first_name: Andrew
  full_name: Fleming, Andrew J.
  last_name: Fleming
extern: 1
intvolume: '        16'
month: '01'
publication: Intercellular Communication in Plants
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '4439'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Auxin as an intercellular signal
type: book_chapter
volume: 16
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2647'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Our understanding of the role played by neurotransmitter receptors in the
    developing brain has advanced in recent years. The major excitatory and inhibitory
    neurotransmitters in the brain, glutamate and GABA, activate both ionotropic (ligand-gated
    ion channels) and metabotropic (G protein-coupled) receptors, and are generally
    associated with neuronal communication in the mature brain. However, before the
    emergence of their role in neurotransmission in adulthood, they also act to influence
    earlier developmental events, some of which occur prior to synapse formation:
    such as proliferation, migration, differentiation or survival processes during
    neural development. To fulfill these actions in the constructing of the nervous
    system, different types of glutamate and GABA receptors need to be expressed both
    at the right time and at the right place. The identification by molecular cloning
    of 16 ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits, eight metabotropic glutamate receptor
    subtypes, 21 ionotropic and two metabotropic GABA receptor subunits, some of which
    exist in alternatively splice variants, has enriched our appreciation of how molecular
    diversity leads to functional diversity in the brain. It now appears that many
    different types of glutamate and GABA receptor subunits have prominent expression
    in the embryonic and/or postnatal brain, whereas others are mainly present in
    the adult brain. Although the significance of this differential expression of
    subunits is not fully understood, it appears that the change in subunit composition
    is essential for normal development in particular brain regions. This review focuses
    on emerging information relating to the expression and role of glutamatergic and
    GABAergic neurotransmitter receptors during prenatal and postnatal development.'
author:
- first_name: Rafael
  full_name: Luján, Rafael
  last_name: Luján
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Ryuichi Shigemoto
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Guillermina
  full_name: López-Bendito, Guillermina
  last_name: López Bendito
citation:
  ama: Luján R, Shigemoto R, López Bendito G. Glutamate and GABA receptor signalling
    in the developing brain. <i>Neuroscience</i>. 2005;130(3):567-580. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042">10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042</a>
  apa: Luján, R., Shigemoto, R., &#38; López Bendito, G. (2005). Glutamate and GABA
    receptor signalling in the developing brain. <i>Neuroscience</i>. Elsevier. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042</a>
  chicago: Luján, Rafael, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Guillermina López Bendito. “Glutamate
    and GABA Receptor Signalling in the Developing Brain.” <i>Neuroscience</i>. Elsevier,
    2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042</a>.
  ieee: R. Luján, R. Shigemoto, and G. López Bendito, “Glutamate and GABA receptor
    signalling in the developing brain,” <i>Neuroscience</i>, vol. 130, no. 3. Elsevier,
    pp. 567–580, 2005.
  ista: Luján R, Shigemoto R, López Bendito G. 2005. Glutamate and GABA receptor signalling
    in the developing brain. Neuroscience. 130(3), 567–580.
  mla: Luján, Rafael, et al. “Glutamate and GABA Receptor Signalling in the Developing
    Brain.” <i>Neuroscience</i>, vol. 130, no. 3, Elsevier, 2005, pp. 567–80, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042">10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042</a>.
  short: R. Luján, R. Shigemoto, G. López Bendito, Neuroscience 130 (2005) 567–580.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:51Z
date_published: 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:44Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042
extern: 1
intvolume: '       130'
issue: '3'
month: '01'
page: 567 - 580
publication: Neuroscience
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '4250'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Glutamate and GABA receptor signalling in the developing brain
type: review
volume: 130
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2648'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are
    involved in the control of neuronal excitability and plasticity. In this study,
    we used immunoblotting and immunohistochemical techniques to reveal the developmental
    expression and subcellular distribution of the HCN1 subunit in the cerebellar
    cortex. During postnatal development, the spatio-temporal expression of HCN1 correlated
    well with the morphological events occurring during the ontogenesis of cerebellar
    interneurons. Using immunoblotting techniques, HCN1 was weakly detected during
    the first postnatal week and continued to increase throughout postnatal development,
    peaking at postnatal day (P)15. At the light-microscopic level, HCN1 immunoreactivity
    was very weak until P7 whereas from P10-12 to adulthood it was strongly detected
    in the lower third of the molecular layer and in the Purkinje cell layer. HCN1
    was present in axons running through the molecular layer and in the pericellular
    basket around Purkinje cells at P12, but in the periaxonal plexus (the pinceau)
    surrounding their initial segment only after P15. Using immunofluorescence, HCN1
    colocalized with GAD65 and synaptophysin, demonstrating that the subunit was present
    in inhibitory axons and axon terminals. At the electron-microscopic level, in
    adulthood, HCN1 immunoparticles were detected at postsynaptic sites in basket
    and Purkinje cells but most immunoparticles were found at presynaptic sites in
    basket cell axons and in terminals. In the axon terminals, the distribution of
    HCN1 was relatively uniform along the extrasynaptic plasma membrane; this was
    confirmed using quantitative techniques. The present findings suggest that HCN1
    channels may provide a significant route for modulating co-ordinated cerebellar
    synaptic transmission through basket cells.
author:
- first_name: Rafael
  full_name: Luján, Rafael
  last_name: Luján
- first_name: José
  full_name: Albasanz, José L
  last_name: Albasanz
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Ryuichi Shigemoto
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: José
  full_name: Juíz, José M
  last_name: Juíz
citation:
  ama: Luján R, Albasanz J, Shigemoto R, Juíz J. Preferential localization of the
    hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel subunit HCN1
    in basket cell terminals of the rat cerebellum. <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>.
    2005;21(8):2073-2082. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x</a>
  apa: Luján, R., Albasanz, J., Shigemoto, R., &#38; Juíz, J. (2005). Preferential
    localization of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation
    channel subunit HCN1 in basket cell terminals of the rat cerebellum. <i>European
    Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x</a>
  chicago: Luján, Rafael, José Albasanz, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and José Juíz. “Preferential
    Localization of the Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation
    Channel Subunit HCN1 in Basket Cell Terminals of the Rat Cerebellum.” <i>European
    Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x</a>.
  ieee: R. Luján, J. Albasanz, R. Shigemoto, and J. Juíz, “Preferential localization
    of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel subunit
    HCN1 in basket cell terminals of the rat cerebellum,” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>,
    vol. 21, no. 8. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 2073–2082, 2005.
  ista: Luján R, Albasanz J, Shigemoto R, Juíz J. 2005. Preferential localization
    of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel subunit
    HCN1 in basket cell terminals of the rat cerebellum. European Journal of Neuroscience.
    21(8), 2073–2082.
  mla: Luján, Rafael, et al. “Preferential Localization of the Hyperpolarization-Activated
    Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channel Subunit HCN1 in Basket Cell Terminals of
    the Rat Cerebellum.” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 21, no. 8,
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2005, pp. 2073–82, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x</a>.
  short: R. Luján, J. Albasanz, R. Shigemoto, J. Juíz, European Journal of Neuroscience
    21 (2005) 2073–2082.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:52Z
date_published: 2005-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:58:48Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04043.x
extern: 1
intvolume: '        21'
issue: '8'
month: '04'
page: 2073 - 2082
publication: European Journal of Neuroscience
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '4248'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Preferential localization of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated
  cation channel subunit HCN1 in basket cell terminals of the rat cerebellum
type: journal_article
volume: 21
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2649'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The number of ionotropic receptors in synapses is an essential factor for
    determining the efficacy of fast transmission. We estimated the number of functional
    AMPA receptors at single postsynaptic sites by a combination of two-photon uncaging
    of glutamate and the nonstationary fluctuation analysis in immature rat Purkinje
    cells (PCs), which receive a single type of excitatory input from climbing fibers.
    Areas of postsynaptic membrane specialization at the recorded synapses were measured
    by reconstruction of serial ultrathin sections. The number of functional AMPA
    receptors was proportional to the synaptic area with a density of ∼ 1280 receptors/μm
    2. Moreover, highly sensitive freeze-fracture replica labeling revealed a homogeneous
    density of immunogold particles for AMPA receptors in synaptic sites (910 ± 36
    particles/μm 2) and much lower density in extrasynaptic sites (19 ± 2 particles/μm
    2) in the immature PCs. Our results indicate that in this developing synapse,
    the efficacy of transmission is determined by the synaptic area.
author:
- first_name: Junichi
  full_name: Tanaka, Junichi
  last_name: Tanaka
- first_name: Masanori
  full_name: Matsuzaki, Masanori
  last_name: Matsuzaki
- first_name: Etsuko
  full_name: Tarusawa, Etsuko
  last_name: Tarusawa
- first_name: Akiko
  full_name: Momiyama, Akiko
  last_name: Momiyama
- first_name: Elek
  full_name: Molnár, Elek
  last_name: Molnár
- first_name: Haruo
  full_name: Kasai, Haruo
  last_name: Kasai
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Ryuichi Shigemoto
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
citation:
  ama: Tanaka J, Matsuzaki M, Tarusawa E, et al. Number and density of AMPA receptors
    in single synapses in immature cerebellum. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. 2005;25(4):799-807.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005</a>
  apa: Tanaka, J., Matsuzaki, M., Tarusawa, E., Momiyama, A., Molnár, E., Kasai, H.,
    &#38; Shigemoto, R. (2005). Number and density of AMPA receptors in single synapses
    in immature cerebellum. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Society for Neuroscience.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005">https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005</a>
  chicago: Tanaka, Junichi, Masanori Matsuzaki, Etsuko Tarusawa, Akiko Momiyama, Elek
    Molnár, Haruo Kasai, and Ryuichi Shigemoto. “Number and Density of AMPA Receptors
    in Single Synapses in Immature Cerebellum.” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Society
    for Neuroscience, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005">https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005</a>.
  ieee: J. Tanaka <i>et al.</i>, “Number and density of AMPA receptors in single synapses
    in immature cerebellum,” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 25, no. 4. Society
    for Neuroscience, pp. 799–807, 2005.
  ista: Tanaka J, Matsuzaki M, Tarusawa E, Momiyama A, Molnár E, Kasai H, Shigemoto
    R. 2005. Number and density of AMPA receptors in single synapses in immature cerebellum.
    Journal of Neuroscience. 25(4), 799–807.
  mla: Tanaka, Junichi, et al. “Number and Density of AMPA Receptors in Single Synapses
    in Immature Cerebellum.” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 25, no. 4, Society
    for Neuroscience, 2005, pp. 799–807, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005</a>.
  short: J. Tanaka, M. Matsuzaki, E. Tarusawa, A. Momiyama, E. Molnár, H. Kasai, R.
    Shigemoto, Journal of Neuroscience 25 (2005) 799–807.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:52Z
date_published: 2005-01-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:58:48Z
day: '26'
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4256-04.2005
extern: 1
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '4'
month: '01'
page: 799 - 807
publication: Journal of Neuroscience
publication_status: published
publisher: Society for Neuroscience
publist_id: '4249'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Number and density of AMPA receptors in single synapses in immature cerebellum
type: journal_article
volume: 25
year: '2005'
...
---
_id: '2650'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Septohippocampal cholinergic neurons play key roles in learning and memory
    processes, and in the generation of hippocampal theta rhythm. The range of receptors
    for endogenous modulators expressed on these neurons is unclear. Here we describe
    GABAB 1a/b receptor (GABABR) and type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) expression
    in rat septal cholinergic [i.e. choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive] cells.
    Using double immunofluorescent staining, we found that almost two-thirds of the
    cholinergic cells in the rat medial septum were GABABR positive, and that these
    cells had significantly larger somata than did GABABR-negative cholinergic neurons.
    We detected CB1R labelling in somata after axonal protein transport was blocked
    by colchicine. In these animals about one-third of the cholinergic cells were
    CB1R positive. These cells again had larger somata than CB1R-negative cholinergic
    neurons. The analyses confirmed that the size of GABABR-positive and CB 1R-positive
    cholinergic cells were alike, and all CB 1R-positive cholinergic cells were GABABR
    positive as well. CB1R-positive cells were invariably ChAT positive. All retrogradely
    labelled septohippocampal cholinergic cells were positive for GABABR and at least
    half of them also for CB1R. These data shed light on the existence of at least
    two cholinergic cell types in the medial septum: one expresses GABABR and CB1R,
    has large somata and projects to the hippocampus, whereas the other is negative
    for GABABR and CB1R and has smaller somata. The results also suggest that cholinergic
    transmission in the hippocampus is fine-tuned by endocannabinoid signalling.'
author:
- first_name: Gábor
  full_name: Nyíri, Gábor
  last_name: Nyíri
- first_name: Eszter
  full_name: Szabadits, Eszter
  last_name: Szabadits
- first_name: Csaba
  full_name: Cserép, Csaba
  last_name: Cserép
- first_name: Ken
  full_name: Mackie, Ken P
  last_name: Mackie
- first_name: Ryuichi
  full_name: Ryuichi Shigemoto
  id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shigemoto
  orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: Tamás
  full_name: Freund, Tamás F
  last_name: Freund
citation:
  ama: Nyíri G, Szabadits E, Cserép C, Mackie K, Shigemoto R, Freund T. GABAB and
    CB1 cannabinoid receptor expression identifies two types of septal cholinergic
    neurons. <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>. 2005;21(11):3034-3042. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x</a>
  apa: Nyíri, G., Szabadits, E., Cserép, C., Mackie, K., Shigemoto, R., &#38; Freund,
    T. (2005). GABAB and CB1 cannabinoid receptor expression identifies two types
    of septal cholinergic neurons. <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Wiley-Blackwell.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x</a>
  chicago: Nyíri, Gábor, Eszter Szabadits, Csaba Cserép, Ken Mackie, Ryuichi Shigemoto,
    and Tamás Freund. “GABAB and CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Expression Identifies Two
    Types of Septal Cholinergic Neurons.” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2005. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x</a>.
  ieee: G. Nyíri, E. Szabadits, C. Cserép, K. Mackie, R. Shigemoto, and T. Freund,
    “GABAB and CB1 cannabinoid receptor expression identifies two types of septal
    cholinergic neurons,” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 21, no. 11.
    Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 3034–3042, 2005.
  ista: Nyíri G, Szabadits E, Cserép C, Mackie K, Shigemoto R, Freund T. 2005. GABAB
    and CB1 cannabinoid receptor expression identifies two types of septal cholinergic
    neurons. European Journal of Neuroscience. 21(11), 3034–3042.
  mla: Nyíri, Gábor, et al. “GABAB and CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Expression Identifies
    Two Types of Septal Cholinergic Neurons.” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>,
    vol. 21, no. 11, Wiley-Blackwell, 2005, pp. 3034–42, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x</a>.
  short: G. Nyíri, E. Szabadits, C. Cserép, K. Mackie, R. Shigemoto, T. Freund, European
    Journal of Neuroscience 21 (2005) 3034–3042.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:52Z
date_published: 2005-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:58:49Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04146.x
extern: 1
intvolume: '        21'
issue: '11'
month: '06'
page: 3034 - 3042
publication: European Journal of Neuroscience
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '4247'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: GABAB and CB1 cannabinoid receptor expression identifies two types of septal
  cholinergic neurons
type: journal_article
volume: 21
year: '2005'
...
