---
_id: '8488'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We demonstrate for different protein samples that three-dimensional HNCO and
HNCA correlation spectra may be recorded in a few minutes acquisition time using
the band-selective excitation short-transient sequences presented here. This opens
new perspectives for the NMR structural investigation of unstable protein samples
and real-time site-resolved studies of protein kinetics.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Schanda, Paul
id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
last_name: Schanda
orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Hélène
full_name: Van Melckebeke, Hélène
last_name: Van Melckebeke
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Brutscher, Bernhard
last_name: Brutscher
citation:
ama: Schanda P, Van Melckebeke H, Brutscher B. Speeding up three-dimensional protein
NMR experiments to a few minutes. Journal of the American Chemical Society.
2006;128(28):9042-9043. doi:10.1021/ja062025p
apa: Schanda, P., Van Melckebeke, H., & Brutscher, B. (2006). Speeding up three-dimensional
protein NMR experiments to a few minutes. Journal of the American Chemical
Society. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja062025p
chicago: Schanda, Paul, Hélène Van Melckebeke, and Bernhard Brutscher. “Speeding
up Three-Dimensional Protein NMR Experiments to a Few Minutes.” Journal of
the American Chemical Society. American Chemical Society, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja062025p.
ieee: P. Schanda, H. Van Melckebeke, and B. Brutscher, “Speeding up three-dimensional
protein NMR experiments to a few minutes,” Journal of the American Chemical
Society, vol. 128, no. 28. American Chemical Society, pp. 9042–9043, 2006.
ista: Schanda P, Van Melckebeke H, Brutscher B. 2006. Speeding up three-dimensional
protein NMR experiments to a few minutes. Journal of the American Chemical Society.
128(28), 9042–9043.
mla: Schanda, Paul, et al. “Speeding up Three-Dimensional Protein NMR Experiments
to a Few Minutes.” Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 128,
no. 28, American Chemical Society, 2006, pp. 9042–43, doi:10.1021/ja062025p.
short: P. Schanda, H. Van Melckebeke, B. Brutscher, Journal of the American Chemical
Society 128 (2006) 9042–9043.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:13:36Z
date_published: 2006-06-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:37Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.1021/ja062025p
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 128'
issue: '28'
keyword:
- Colloid and Surface Chemistry
- Biochemistry
- General Chemistry
- Catalysis
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 9042-9043
publication: Journal of the American Chemical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0002-7863
- 1520-5126
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Speeding up three-dimensional protein NMR experiments to a few minutes
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 128
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '8489'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Structure elucidation of proteins by either NMR or X‐ray crystallography often
requires the screening of a large number of samples for promising protein constructs
and optimum solution conditions. For large‐scale screening of protein samples
in solution, robust methods are needed that allow a rapid assessment of the folding
of a polypeptide under diverse sample conditions. Here we present HET‐SOFAST NMR,
a highly sensitive new method for semi‐quantitative characterization of the structural
compactness and heterogeneity of polypeptide chains in solution. On the basis
of one‐dimensional 1H HET‐SOFAST NMR data, obtained on well‐folded, molten globular,
partially‐ and completely unfolded proteins, we define empirical thresholds that
can be used as quantitative benchmarks for protein compactness. For 15N‐enriched
protein samples, two‐dimensional 1H‐15N HET‐SOFAST correlation spectra provide
site‐specific information about the structural heterogeneity along the polypeptide
chain.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Schanda, Paul
id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
last_name: Schanda
orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Vincent
full_name: Forge, Vincent
last_name: Forge
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Brutscher, Bernhard
last_name: Brutscher
citation:
ama: Schanda P, Forge V, Brutscher B. HET-SOFAST NMR for fast detection of structural
compactness and heterogeneity along polypeptide chains. Magnetic Resonance
in Chemistry. 2006;44(S1):S177-S184. doi:10.1002/mrc.1825
apa: Schanda, P., Forge, V., & Brutscher, B. (2006). HET-SOFAST NMR for fast
detection of structural compactness and heterogeneity along polypeptide chains.
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1825
chicago: Schanda, Paul, Vincent Forge, and Bernhard Brutscher. “HET-SOFAST NMR for
Fast Detection of Structural Compactness and Heterogeneity along Polypeptide Chains.”
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. Wiley, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1825.
ieee: P. Schanda, V. Forge, and B. Brutscher, “HET-SOFAST NMR for fast detection
of structural compactness and heterogeneity along polypeptide chains,” Magnetic
Resonance in Chemistry, vol. 44, no. S1. Wiley, pp. S177–S184, 2006.
ista: Schanda P, Forge V, Brutscher B. 2006. HET-SOFAST NMR for fast detection of
structural compactness and heterogeneity along polypeptide chains. Magnetic Resonance
in Chemistry. 44(S1), S177–S184.
mla: Schanda, Paul, et al. “HET-SOFAST NMR for Fast Detection of Structural Compactness
and Heterogeneity along Polypeptide Chains.” Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry,
vol. 44, no. S1, Wiley, 2006, pp. S177–84, doi:10.1002/mrc.1825.
short: P. Schanda, V. Forge, B. Brutscher, Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 44 (2006)
S177–S184.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:13:42Z
date_published: 2006-07-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:37Z
day: '06'
doi: 10.1002/mrc.1825
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 44'
issue: S1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: S177-S184
publication: Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0749-1581
- 1097-458X
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: HET-SOFAST NMR for fast detection of structural compactness and heterogeneity
along polypeptide chains
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 44
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '8490'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We demonstrate the feasibility of recording 1H–15N correlation spectra of
proteins in only one second of acquisition time. The experiment combines recently
proposed SOFAST-HMQC with Hadamard-type 15N frequency encoding. This allows site-resolved
real-time NMR studies of kinetic processes in proteins with an increased time
resolution. The sensitivity of the experiment is sufficient to be applicable to
a wide range of molecular systems available at millimolar concentration on a high
magnetic field spectrometer.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Schanda, Paul
id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
last_name: Schanda
orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Brutscher, Bernhard
last_name: Brutscher
citation:
ama: Schanda P, Brutscher B. Hadamard frequency-encoded SOFAST-HMQC for ultrafast
two-dimensional protein NMR. Journal of Magnetic Resonance. 2006;178(2):334-339.
doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.007
apa: Schanda, P., & Brutscher, B. (2006). Hadamard frequency-encoded SOFAST-HMQC
for ultrafast two-dimensional protein NMR. Journal of Magnetic Resonance.
Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.007
chicago: Schanda, Paul, and Bernhard Brutscher. “Hadamard Frequency-Encoded SOFAST-HMQC
for Ultrafast Two-Dimensional Protein NMR.” Journal of Magnetic Resonance.
Elsevier, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.007.
ieee: P. Schanda and B. Brutscher, “Hadamard frequency-encoded SOFAST-HMQC for ultrafast
two-dimensional protein NMR,” Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 178,
no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 334–339, 2006.
ista: Schanda P, Brutscher B. 2006. Hadamard frequency-encoded SOFAST-HMQC for ultrafast
two-dimensional protein NMR. Journal of Magnetic Resonance. 178(2), 334–339.
mla: Schanda, Paul, and Bernhard Brutscher. “Hadamard Frequency-Encoded SOFAST-HMQC
for Ultrafast Two-Dimensional Protein NMR.” Journal of Magnetic Resonance,
vol. 178, no. 2, Elsevier, 2006, pp. 334–39, doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.007.
short: P. Schanda, B. Brutscher, Journal of Magnetic Resonance 178 (2006) 334–339.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:13:51Z
date_published: 2006-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:38Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.10.007
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 178'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Nuclear and High Energy Physics
- Biophysics
- Biochemistry
- Condensed Matter Physics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 334-339
publication: Journal of Magnetic Resonance
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1090-7807
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
status: public
title: Hadamard frequency-encoded SOFAST-HMQC for ultrafast two-dimensional protein
NMR
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 178
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '8513'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vadim
full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
last_name: Kaloshin
orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Saprykina, Maria
last_name: Saprykina
citation:
ama: Kaloshin V, Saprykina M. Generic 3-dimensional volume-preserving diffeomorphisms
with superexponential growth of number of periodic orbits. Discrete & Continuous
Dynamical Systems - A. 2006;15(2):611-640. doi:10.3934/dcds.2006.15.611
apa: Kaloshin, V., & Saprykina, M. (2006). Generic 3-dimensional volume-preserving
diffeomorphisms with superexponential growth of number of periodic orbits. Discrete
& Continuous Dynamical Systems - A. American Institute of Mathematical
Sciences (AIMS). https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2006.15.611
chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Maria Saprykina. “Generic 3-Dimensional Volume-Preserving
Diffeomorphisms with Superexponential Growth of Number of Periodic Orbits.” Discrete
& Continuous Dynamical Systems - A. American Institute of Mathematical
Sciences (AIMS), 2006. https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2006.15.611.
ieee: V. Kaloshin and M. Saprykina, “Generic 3-dimensional volume-preserving diffeomorphisms
with superexponential growth of number of periodic orbits,” Discrete &
Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, vol. 15, no. 2. American Institute of Mathematical
Sciences (AIMS), pp. 611–640, 2006.
ista: Kaloshin V, Saprykina M. 2006. Generic 3-dimensional volume-preserving diffeomorphisms
with superexponential growth of number of periodic orbits. Discrete & Continuous
Dynamical Systems - A. 15(2), 611–640.
mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Maria Saprykina. “Generic 3-Dimensional Volume-Preserving
Diffeomorphisms with Superexponential Growth of Number of Periodic Orbits.” Discrete
& Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, vol. 15, no. 2, American Institute
of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), 2006, pp. 611–40, doi:10.3934/dcds.2006.15.611.
short: V. Kaloshin, M. Saprykina, Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems -
A 15 (2006) 611–640.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:48:43Z
date_published: 2006-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:48Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3934/dcds.2006.15.611
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 611-640
publication: Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1553-5231
publication_status: published
publisher: American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Generic 3-dimensional volume-preserving diffeomorphisms with superexponential
growth of number of periodic orbits
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 15
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '8514'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We study the extent to which the Hausdorff dimension of a compact subset of
an infinite-dimensional Banach space is affected by a typical mapping into a finite-dimensional
space. It is possible that the dimension drops under all such mappings, but the
amount by which it typically drops is controlled by the ‘thickness exponent’ of
the set, which was defined by Hunt and Kaloshin (Nonlinearity12 (1999), 1263–1275).
More precisely, let $X$ be a compact subset of a Banach space $B$ with thickness
exponent $\tau$ and Hausdorff dimension $d$. Let $M$ be any subspace of the (locally)
Lipschitz functions from $B$ to $\mathbb{R}^{m}$ that contains the space of bounded
linear functions. We prove that for almost every (in the sense of prevalence)
function $f \in M$, the Hausdorff dimension of $f(X)$ is at least $\min\{ m, d
/ (1 + \tau) \}$. We also prove an analogous result for a certain part of the
dimension spectra of Borel probability measures supported on $X$. The factor $1
/ (1 + \tau)$ can be improved to $1 / (1 + \tau / 2)$ if $B$ is a Hilbert space.
Since dimension cannot increase under a (locally) Lipschitz function, these theorems
become dimension preservation results when $\tau = 0$. We conjecture that many
of the attractors associated with the evolution equations of mathematical physics
have thickness exponent zero. We also discuss the sharpness of our results in
the case $\tau > 0$.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: WILLIAM
full_name: OTT, WILLIAM
last_name: OTT
- first_name: BRIAN
full_name: HUNT, BRIAN
last_name: HUNT
- first_name: Vadim
full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
last_name: Kaloshin
orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
citation:
ama: OTT W, HUNT B, Kaloshin V. The effect of projections on fractal sets and measures
in Banach spaces. Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems. 2006;26(3):869-891.
doi:10.1017/s0143385705000714
apa: OTT, W., HUNT, B., & Kaloshin, V. (2006). The effect of projections on
fractal sets and measures in Banach spaces. Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems.
Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0143385705000714
chicago: OTT, WILLIAM, BRIAN HUNT, and Vadim Kaloshin. “The Effect of Projections
on Fractal Sets and Measures in Banach Spaces.” Ergodic Theory and Dynamical
Systems. Cambridge University Press, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0143385705000714.
ieee: W. OTT, B. HUNT, and V. Kaloshin, “The effect of projections on fractal sets
and measures in Banach spaces,” Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems, vol.
26, no. 3. Cambridge University Press, pp. 869–891, 2006.
ista: OTT W, HUNT B, Kaloshin V. 2006. The effect of projections on fractal sets
and measures in Banach spaces. Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems. 26(3), 869–891.
mla: OTT, WILLIAM, et al. “The Effect of Projections on Fractal Sets and Measures
in Banach Spaces.” Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems, vol. 26, no. 3,
Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 869–91, doi:10.1017/s0143385705000714.
short: W. OTT, B. HUNT, V. Kaloshin, Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 26 (2006)
869–891.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:48:52Z
date_published: 2006-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:48Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/s0143385705000714
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 26'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 869-891
publication: Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0143-3857
- 1469-4417
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: The effect of projections on fractal sets and measures in Banach spaces
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 26
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '8515'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We consider the evolution of a set carried by a space periodic incompressible
stochastic flow in a Euclidean space. We\r\nreport on three main results obtained
in [8, 9, 10] concerning long time behaviour for a typical realization of the
stochastic flow. First, at time t most of the particles are at a distance of order
√t away from the origin. Moreover, we prove a Central Limit Theorem for the evolution
of a measure carried by the flow, which holds for almost every realization of
the flow. Second, we show the existence of a zero measure full Hausdorff dimension
set of points, which\r\nescape to infinity at a linear rate. Third, in the 2-dimensional
case, we study the set of points visited by the original set by time t. Such a
set, when scaled down by the factor of t, has a limiting non random shape."
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Vadim
full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
last_name: Kaloshin
orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: D.
full_name: DOLGOPYAT, D.
last_name: DOLGOPYAT
- first_name: L.
full_name: KORALOV, L.
last_name: KORALOV
citation:
ama: 'Kaloshin V, DOLGOPYAT D, KORALOV L. Long time behaviour of periodic stochastic
flows. In: XIVth International Congress on Mathematical Physics. World
Scientific; 2006:290-295. doi:10.1142/9789812704016_0026'
apa: 'Kaloshin, V., DOLGOPYAT, D., & KORALOV, L. (2006). Long time behaviour
of periodic stochastic flows. In XIVth International Congress on Mathematical
Physics (pp. 290–295). Lisbon, Portugal: World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812704016_0026'
chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, D. DOLGOPYAT, and L. KORALOV. “Long Time Behaviour of
Periodic Stochastic Flows.” In XIVth International Congress on Mathematical
Physics, 290–95. World Scientific, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812704016_0026.
ieee: V. Kaloshin, D. DOLGOPYAT, and L. KORALOV, “Long time behaviour of periodic
stochastic flows,” in XIVth International Congress on Mathematical Physics,
Lisbon, Portugal, 2006, pp. 290–295.
ista: Kaloshin V, DOLGOPYAT D, KORALOV L. 2006. Long time behaviour of periodic
stochastic flows. XIVth International Congress on Mathematical Physics. International
Congress on Mathematical Physics, 290–295.
mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, et al. “Long Time Behaviour of Periodic Stochastic Flows.”
XIVth International Congress on Mathematical Physics, World Scientific,
2006, pp. 290–95, doi:10.1142/9789812704016_0026.
short: V. Kaloshin, D. DOLGOPYAT, L. KORALOV, in:, XIVth International Congress
on Mathematical Physics, World Scientific, 2006, pp. 290–295.
conference:
end_date: 2003-08-02
location: Lisbon, Portugal
name: International Congress on Mathematical Physics
start_date: 2003-07-28
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:48:59Z
date_published: 2006-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:49Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1142/9789812704016_0026
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 290-295
publication: XIVth International Congress on Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9789812562012'
- '9789812704016'
publication_status: published
publisher: World Scientific
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Long time behaviour of periodic stochastic flows
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '854'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Phylogenetic relationships between the extinct woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius),
and the Asian (Elephas maximus) and African savanna (Loxodonta africana) elephants
remain unresolved. Here, we report the sequence of the complete mitochondrial
genome (16,842 base pairs) of a woolly mammoth extracted from permafrost-preserved
remains from the Pleistocene epoch - the oldest mitochondrial genome sequence
determined to date. We demonstrate that well-preserved mitochondrial genome fragments,
as long as ∼1,600-1700 base pairs, can be retrieved from pre-Holocene remains
of an extinct species. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the Elephantinae clade suggests
that M. primigenius and E. maximus are sister species that diverged soon after
their common ancestor split from the L. africana lineage. Low nucleotide diversity
found between independently determined mitochondrial genomic sequences of woolly
mammoths separated geographically and in time suggests that north-eastern Siberia
was occupied by a relatively homogeneous population of M. primigenius throughout
the late Pleistocene.
acknowledgement: |-
FAK is supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship.
We thank the Natural History Museum, North-Eastern Research Center, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for photographic material ofM. primigenius leg, V. A. Nikishina for artwork and technical support, Y.B. Yurov, G. Dvoryanchikov, N. Riazanskaya and T. Kolesnikova for technical support, K. Mehren and C. Gray for elephant specimens, and V. Y. Solovyev for help with artwork of animal images.
author:
- first_name: Evgeny
full_name: Rogaev, Evgeny I
last_name: Rogaev
- first_name: Yuri
full_name: Moliaka, Yuri K
last_name: Moliaka
- first_name: Boris
full_name: Malyarchuk, Boris A
last_name: Malyarchuk
- first_name: Fyodor
full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kondrashov
orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Miroslava
full_name: Derenko, Miroslava V
last_name: Derenko
- first_name: Ilya
full_name: Chumakov, Ilya M
last_name: Chumakov
- first_name: Anastasia
full_name: Grigorenko, Anastasia P
last_name: Grigorenko
citation:
ama: Rogaev E, Moliaka Y, Malyarchuk B, et al. Complete mitochondrial genome and
phylogeny of pleistocene mammoth Mammuthus primigenius. PLoS Biology. 2006;4(3):0403-0410.
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040073
apa: Rogaev, E., Moliaka, Y., Malyarchuk, B., Kondrashov, F., Derenko, M., Chumakov,
I., & Grigorenko, A. (2006). Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of
pleistocene mammoth Mammuthus primigenius. PLoS Biology. Public Library
of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040073
chicago: Rogaev, Evgeny, Yuri Moliaka, Boris Malyarchuk, Fyodor Kondrashov, Miroslava
Derenko, Ilya Chumakov, and Anastasia Grigorenko. “Complete Mitochondrial Genome
and Phylogeny of Pleistocene Mammoth Mammuthus Primigenius.” PLoS Biology.
Public Library of Science, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040073.
ieee: E. Rogaev et al., “Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of pleistocene
mammoth Mammuthus primigenius,” PLoS Biology, vol. 4, no. 3. Public Library
of Science, pp. 0403–0410, 2006.
ista: Rogaev E, Moliaka Y, Malyarchuk B, Kondrashov F, Derenko M, Chumakov I, Grigorenko
A. 2006. Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of pleistocene mammoth Mammuthus
primigenius. PLoS Biology. 4(3), 0403–0410.
mla: Rogaev, Evgeny, et al. “Complete Mitochondrial Genome and Phylogeny of Pleistocene
Mammoth Mammuthus Primigenius.” PLoS Biology, vol. 4, no. 3, Public Library
of Science, 2006, pp. 0403–10, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040073.
short: E. Rogaev, Y. Moliaka, B. Malyarchuk, F. Kondrashov, M. Derenko, I. Chumakov,
A. Grigorenko, PLoS Biology 4 (2006) 0403–0410.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:51Z
date_published: 2006-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:58Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040073
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 4'
issue: '3'
month: '03'
page: 0403 - 0410
publication: PLoS Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Public Library of Science
publist_id: '6794'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of pleistocene mammoth Mammuthus
primigenius
type: journal_article
volume: 4
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '868'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Background: The glyoxylate cycle is thought to be present in bacteria, protists,
plants, fungi, and nematodes, but not in other Metazoa. However, activity of the
glyoxylate cycle enzymes, malate synthase (MS) and isocitrate lyase (ICL), in
animal tissues has been reported. In order to clarify the status of the MS and
ICL genes in animals and get an insight into their evolution, we undertook a comparative-genomic
study. Results: Using sequence similarity searches, we identified MS genes in
arthropods, echinoderms, and vertebrates, including platypus and opossum, but
not in the numerous sequenced genomes of placental mammals. The regions of the
placental mammals'' genomes expected to code for malate synthase, as determined
by comparison of the gene orders in vertebrate genomes, show clear similarity
to the opossum MS sequence but contain stop codons, indicating that the MS gene
became a pseudogene in placental mammals. By contrast, the ICL gene is undetectable
in animals other than the nematodes that possess a bifunctional, fused ICL-MS
gene. Examination of phylogenetic trees of MS and ICL suggests multiple horizontal
gene transfer events that probably went in both directions between several bacterial
and eukaryotic lineages. The strongest evidence was obtained for the acquisition
of the bifunctional ICL-MS gene from an as yet unknown bacterial source with the
corresponding operonic organization by the common ancestor of the nematodes. Conclusion:
The distribution of the MS and ICL genes in animals suggests that either they
encode alternative enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle that are not orthologous to
the known MS and ICL or the animal MS acquired a new function that remains to
be characterized. Regardless of the ultimate solution to this conundrum, the genes
for the glyoxylate cycle enzymes present a remarkable variety of evolutionary
events including unusual horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to animals.'
acknowledgement: The authors thank Alexey Kondrashov for suggesting the possibility
of non- orthologous gene displacement in glyoxylate cycle specific enzymes and for
critical reading of this manuscript. FAK is a National Science Foundation Graduate
Fellow.
author:
- first_name: Fyodor
full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kondrashov
orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Eugene
full_name: Koonin, Eugene V
last_name: Koonin
- first_name: Igor
full_name: Morgunov, Igor G
last_name: Morgunov
- first_name: Tatiana
full_name: Finogenova, Tatiana V
last_name: Finogenova
- first_name: Marie
full_name: Kondrashova, Marie N
last_name: Kondrashova
citation:
ama: Kondrashov F, Koonin E, Morgunov I, Finogenova T, Kondrashova M. Evolution
of glyoxylate cycle enzymes in Metazoa Evidence of multiple horizontal transfer
events and pseudogene formation. Biology Direct. 2006;1. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-31
apa: Kondrashov, F., Koonin, E., Morgunov, I., Finogenova, T., & Kondrashova,
M. (2006). Evolution of glyoxylate cycle enzymes in Metazoa Evidence of multiple
horizontal transfer events and pseudogene formation. Biology Direct. BioMed
Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-1-31
chicago: Kondrashov, Fyodor, Eugene Koonin, Igor Morgunov, Tatiana Finogenova, and
Marie Kondrashova. “Evolution of Glyoxylate Cycle Enzymes in Metazoa Evidence
of Multiple Horizontal Transfer Events and Pseudogene Formation.” Biology Direct.
BioMed Central, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-1-31.
ieee: F. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, I. Morgunov, T. Finogenova, and M. Kondrashova,
“Evolution of glyoxylate cycle enzymes in Metazoa Evidence of multiple horizontal
transfer events and pseudogene formation,” Biology Direct, vol. 1. BioMed
Central, 2006.
ista: Kondrashov F, Koonin E, Morgunov I, Finogenova T, Kondrashova M. 2006. Evolution
of glyoxylate cycle enzymes in Metazoa Evidence of multiple horizontal transfer
events and pseudogene formation. Biology Direct. 1.
mla: Kondrashov, Fyodor, et al. “Evolution of Glyoxylate Cycle Enzymes in Metazoa
Evidence of Multiple Horizontal Transfer Events and Pseudogene Formation.” Biology
Direct, vol. 1, BioMed Central, 2006, doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-31.
short: F. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, I. Morgunov, T. Finogenova, M. Kondrashova, Biology
Direct 1 (2006).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:56Z
date_published: 2006-10-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:20:31Z
day: '23'
doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-1-31
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 1'
month: '10'
publication: Biology Direct
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6778'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Evolution of glyoxylate cycle enzymes in Metazoa Evidence of multiple horizontal
transfer events and pseudogene formation
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
volume: 1
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '869'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The impact of synonymous nucleotide substitutions on fitness in mammals remains
controversial. Despite some indications of selective constraint, synonymous sites
are often assumed to be neutral, and the rate of their evolution is used as a
proxy for mutation rate. We subdivide all sites into four classes in terms of
the mutable CpG context, nonCpG, postC, preG, and postCpreG, and compare four-fold
synonymous sites and intron sites residing outside transposable elements. The
distribution of the rate of evolution across all synonymous sites is trimodal.
Rate of evolution at nonCpG synonymous sites, not preceded by C and not followed
by G, is ∼10% below that at such intron sites. In contrast, rate of evolution
at postCpreG synonymous sites is ∼30% above that at such intron sites. Finally,
synonymous and intron postC and preG sites evolve at similar rates. The relationship
between the levels of polymorphism at the corresponding synonymous and intron
sites is very similar to that between their rates of evolution. Within every class,
synonymous sites are occupied by G or C much more often than intron sites, whose
nucleotide composition is consistent with neutral mutation-drift equilibrium.
These patterns suggest that synonymous sites are under weak selection in favor
of G and C, with the average coefficient s∼0.25/Ne∼10-5, where Ne is the effective
population size. Such selection decelerates evolution and reduces variability
at sites with symmetric mutation, but has the opposite effects at sites where
the favored nucleotides are more mutable. The amino-acid composition of proteins
dictates that many synonymous sites are CpGprone, which causes them, on average,
to evolve faster and to be more polymorphic than intron sites. An average genotype
carries ∼107 suboptimal nucleotides at synonymous sites, implying synergistic
epistasis in selection against them.
acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program
of the NIH, National Library of Medicine.
author:
- first_name: Fyodor
full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kondrashov
orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Aleksey
full_name: Ogurtsov, Aleksey Yu
last_name: Ogurtsov
- first_name: Alexey
full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S
last_name: Kondrashov
citation:
ama: Kondrashov F, Ogurtsov A, Kondrashov A. Selection in favor of nucleotides G
and C diversifies evolution rates and levels of polymorphism at mammalian synonymous
sites. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 2006;240(4):616-626. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.10.020
apa: Kondrashov, F., Ogurtsov, A., & Kondrashov, A. (2006). Selection in favor
of nucleotides G and C diversifies evolution rates and levels of polymorphism
at mammalian synonymous sites. Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.10.020
chicago: Kondrashov, Fyodor, Aleksey Ogurtsov, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Selection
in Favor of Nucleotides G and C Diversifies Evolution Rates and Levels of Polymorphism
at Mammalian Synonymous Sites.” Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier,
2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.10.020.
ieee: F. Kondrashov, A. Ogurtsov, and A. Kondrashov, “Selection in favor of nucleotides
G and C diversifies evolution rates and levels of polymorphism at mammalian synonymous
sites,” Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 240, no. 4. Elsevier, pp.
616–626, 2006.
ista: Kondrashov F, Ogurtsov A, Kondrashov A. 2006. Selection in favor of nucleotides
G and C diversifies evolution rates and levels of polymorphism at mammalian synonymous
sites. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 240(4), 616–626.
mla: Kondrashov, Fyodor, et al. “Selection in Favor of Nucleotides G and C Diversifies
Evolution Rates and Levels of Polymorphism at Mammalian Synonymous Sites.” Journal
of Theoretical Biology, vol. 240, no. 4, Elsevier, 2006, pp. 616–26, doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.10.020.
short: F. Kondrashov, A. Ogurtsov, A. Kondrashov, Journal of Theoretical Biology
240 (2006) 616–626.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:56Z
date_published: 2006-06-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:20:33Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.10.020
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 240'
issue: '4'
month: '06'
page: 616 - 626
publication: Journal of Theoretical Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '6779'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Selection in favor of nucleotides G and C diversifies evolution rates and levels
of polymorphism at mammalian synonymous sites
type: journal_article
volume: 240
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '873'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: New genes commonly appear through complete or partial duplications of pre-existing
genes. Duplications of long DNA segments are constantly produced by rare mutations,
may become fixed in a population by selection or random drift, and are subject
to divergent evolution of the paralogous sequences after fixation, although gene
conversion can impede this process. New data shed some light on each of these
processes. Mutations which involve duplications can occur through at least two
different mechanisms, backward strand slippage during DNA replication and unequal
crossing-over. The background rate of duplication of a complete gene in humans
is 10-9-10-10 per generation, although many genes located within hot-spots of
large-scale mutation are duplicated much more often. Many gene duplications affect
fitness strongly, and are responsible, through gene dosage effects, for a number
of genetic diseases. However, high levels of intrapopulation polymorphism caused
by presence or absence of long, gene-containing DNA segments imply that some duplications
are not under strong selection. The polymorphism to fixation ratios appear to
be approximately the same for gene duplications and for presumably selectively
neutral nucleotide substitutions, which, according to the McDonald-Kreitman test,
is consistent with selective neutrality of duplications. However, this pattern
can also be due to negative selection against most of segregating duplications
and positive selection for at least some duplications which become fixed. Patterns
in post-fixation evolution of duplicated genes do not easily reveal the causes
of fixations. Many gene duplications which became fixed recently in a variety
of organisms were positively selected because the increased expression of the
corresponding genes was beneficial. The effects of gene dosage provide a unified
framework for studying all phases of the life history of a gene duplication. Application
of well-known methods of evolutionary genetics to accumulating data on new, polymorphic,
and fixed duplication will enhance our understanding of the role of natural selection
in the evolution by gene duplication.
author:
- first_name: Fyodor
full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kondrashov
orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Alexey
full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S
last_name: Kondrashov
citation:
ama: Kondrashov F, Kondrashov A. Role of selection in fixation of gene duplications.
Journal of Theoretical Biology. 2006;239(2):141-151. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.08.033
apa: Kondrashov, F., & Kondrashov, A. (2006). Role of selection in fixation
of gene duplications. Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.08.033
chicago: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Role of Selection in Fixation
of Gene Duplications.” Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.08.033.
ieee: F. Kondrashov and A. Kondrashov, “Role of selection in fixation of gene duplications,”
Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 239, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 141–151,
2006.
ista: Kondrashov F, Kondrashov A. 2006. Role of selection in fixation of gene duplications.
Journal of Theoretical Biology. 239(2), 141–151.
mla: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Role of Selection in Fixation of
Gene Duplications.” Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol. 239, no. 2, Elsevier,
2006, pp. 141–51, doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.08.033.
short: F. Kondrashov, A. Kondrashov, Journal of Theoretical Biology 239 (2006) 141–151.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:57Z
date_published: 2006-03-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:20:47Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2005.08.033
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 239'
issue: '2'
month: '03'
page: 141 - 151
publication: Journal of Theoretical Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '6773'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Role of selection in fixation of gene duplications
type: journal_article
volume: 239
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '903'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Background: Carcinogenesis typically involves multiple somatic mutations
in caretaker (DNA repair) and gatekeeper (tumor suppressors and oncogenes) genes.
Analysis of mutation spectra of the tumor suppressor that is most commonly mutated
in human cancers, p53, unexpectedly suggested that somatic evolution of the p53
gene during tumorigenesis is dominated by positive selection for gain of function.
This conclusion is supported by accumulating experimental evidence of evolution
of new functions of p53 in tumors. These findings prompted a genome-wide analysis
of possible positive selection during tumor evolution. Methods: A comprehensive
analysis of probable somatic mutations in the sequences of Expressed Sequence
Tags (ESTs) from malignant tumors and normal tissues was performed in order to
access the prevalence of positive selection in cancer evolution. For each EST,
the numbers of synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions were calculated. In
order to identify genes with a signature of positive selection in cancers, these
numbers were compared to: i) expected numbers and ii) the numbers for the respective
genes in the ESTs from normal tissues. Results: We identified 112 genes with a
signature of positive selection in cancers, i.e., a significantly elevated ratio
of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions, in tumors as compared to 37 such
genes in an approximately equal-sized EST collection from normal tissues. A substantial
fraction of the tumor-specific positive-selection candidates have experimentally
demonstrated or strongly predicted links to cancer. Conclusion: The results of
EST analysis should be interpreted with extreme caution given the noise introduced
by sequencing errors and undetected polymorphisms. Furthermore, an inherent limitation
of EST analysis is that multiple mutations amenable to statistical analysis can
be detected only in relatively highly expressed genes. Nevertheless, the present
results suggest that positive selection might affect a substantial number of genes
during tumorigenic somatic evolution.'
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health/DHHS. FAK is an
NSF Graduate Fellow. We thank Yuri Pavlov for helpful discussions.
author:
- first_name: Vladimir
full_name: Babenko, Vladimir N
last_name: Babenko
- first_name: Malay
full_name: Basu, Malay K
last_name: Basu
- first_name: Fyodor
full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kondrashov
orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Igor
full_name: Rogozin, Igor B
last_name: Rogozin
- first_name: Eugene
full_name: Koonin, Eugene V
last_name: Koonin
citation:
ama: Babenko V, Basu M, Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Koonin E. Signs of positive selection
of somatic mutations in human cancers detected by EST sequence analysis. BMC
Cancer. 2006;6. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-6-36
apa: Babenko, V., Basu, M., Kondrashov, F., Rogozin, I., & Koonin, E. (2006).
Signs of positive selection of somatic mutations in human cancers detected by
EST sequence analysis. BMC Cancer. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-6-36
chicago: Babenko, Vladimir, Malay Basu, Fyodor Kondrashov, Igor Rogozin, and Eugene
Koonin. “Signs of Positive Selection of Somatic Mutations in Human Cancers Detected
by EST Sequence Analysis.” BMC Cancer. BioMed Central, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-6-36.
ieee: V. Babenko, M. Basu, F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, and E. Koonin, “Signs of positive
selection of somatic mutations in human cancers detected by EST sequence analysis,”
BMC Cancer, vol. 6. BioMed Central, 2006.
ista: Babenko V, Basu M, Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Koonin E. 2006. Signs of positive
selection of somatic mutations in human cancers detected by EST sequence analysis.
BMC Cancer. 6.
mla: Babenko, Vladimir, et al. “Signs of Positive Selection of Somatic Mutations
in Human Cancers Detected by EST Sequence Analysis.” BMC Cancer, vol. 6,
BioMed Central, 2006, doi:10.1186/1471-2407-6-36.
short: V. Babenko, M. Basu, F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, E. Koonin, BMC Cancer 6 (2006).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:07Z
date_published: 2006-02-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:47Z
day: '09'
doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-36
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 6'
month: '02'
publication: BMC Cancer
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6744'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Signs of positive selection of somatic mutations in human cancers detected
by EST sequence analysis
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
volume: 6
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7326'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Often the properties of a single cell are considered as representative for
a complete polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack or even a fuel cell system. In
some cases this comes close, however, in many real cases differences on several
scales become important. Cell interaction phenomena in fuel cell stacks that arise
from inequalities between adjacent cells are investigated in detail experimentally.
For that, a specialized 2-cell stack with advanced localized diagnostics was developed.
The results show that inequalities propagate by electrical coupling, inhomogeneous
cell polarization and inducing in-plane current in the common bipolar plate. The
effects of the different loss-mechanisms are analyzed and quantified. '
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Felix N.
full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
last_name: Büchi
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Santis, Marco
last_name: Santis
citation:
ama: 'Büchi FN, Freunberger SA, Santis M. What is learned beyond the scale of single
cells? In: ECS Transactions. Vol 3. ECS; 2006:963-968. doi:10.1149/1.2356215'
apa: 'Büchi, F. N., Freunberger, S. A., & Santis, M. (2006). What is learned
beyond the scale of single cells? In ECS Transactions (Vol. 3, pp. 963–968).
Cancun, Mexico: ECS. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2356215'
chicago: Büchi, Felix N., Stefan Alexander Freunberger, and Marco Santis. “What
Is Learned beyond the Scale of Single Cells?” In ECS Transactions, 3:963–68.
ECS, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2356215.
ieee: F. N. Büchi, S. A. Freunberger, and M. Santis, “What is learned beyond the
scale of single cells?,” in ECS Transactions, Cancun, Mexico, 2006, vol.
3, no. 1, pp. 963–968.
ista: Büchi FN, Freunberger SA, Santis M. 2006. What is learned beyond the scale
of single cells? ECS Transactions. ECS Meeting vol. 3, 963–968.
mla: Büchi, Felix N., et al. “What Is Learned beyond the Scale of Single Cells?”
ECS Transactions, vol. 3, no. 1, ECS, 2006, pp. 963–68, doi:10.1149/1.2356215.
short: F.N. Büchi, S.A. Freunberger, M. Santis, in:, ECS Transactions, ECS, 2006,
pp. 963–968.
conference:
end_date: 2006-11-03
location: Cancun, Mexico
name: ECS Meeting
start_date: 2006-10-29
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:22:44Z
date_published: 2006-11-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:05Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1149/1.2356215
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 3'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 963-968
publication: ECS Transactions
publication_status: published
publisher: ECS
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: What is learned beyond the scale of single cells?
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 3
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7327'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Propagation of performance changes to adjacent cells in polymer electrolyte
fuel cell stacks is studied by means of voltage monitoring and local current density
measurements in peripheral cells of the stack. A technical fuel cell stack has
been modified by implementing two independent reactant and coolant supplies in
order to deliberately change the performance of one cell (anomalous cell) and
study the coupling phenomena to adjacent cells (coupling cells), while keeping
the working conditions of the later cell-group unaltered.\r\nTwo anomalies are
studied: (i) air starvation and (ii) thermal anomaly, in a single anomalous cell
in the stack and their coupling to adjacent cells. The results have shown that
anomalies inducing considerable changes in the local current density of the anomalous
cell (such as air starvation) propagate to adjacent cells affecting their performance.
The propagation of local current density changes takes place via the common bipolar
plate due to its finite thickness and in-plane conductivity. Consequently, anomalies
which do not strongly influence the local current density distribution (such as
a thermal anomaly under the studied working conditions) do not propagate to adjacent
cells."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Santis, Marco
last_name: Santis
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Matthias
full_name: Papra, Matthias
last_name: Papra
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Felix N.
full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
last_name: Büchi
citation:
ama: Santis M, Freunberger SA, Papra M, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. Experimental investigation
of coupling phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks. Journal of Power
Sources. 2006;161(2):1076-1083. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.007
apa: Santis, M., Freunberger, S. A., Papra, M., Wokaun, A., & Büchi, F. N. (2006).
Experimental investigation of coupling phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell
stacks. Journal of Power Sources. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.007
chicago: Santis, Marco, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Matthias Papra, Alexander
Wokaun, and Felix N. Büchi. “Experimental Investigation of Coupling Phenomena
in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks.” Journal of Power Sources. Elsevier,
2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.007.
ieee: M. Santis, S. A. Freunberger, M. Papra, A. Wokaun, and F. N. Büchi, “Experimental
investigation of coupling phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks,”
Journal of Power Sources, vol. 161, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 1076–1083, 2006.
ista: Santis M, Freunberger SA, Papra M, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. 2006. Experimental
investigation of coupling phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks. Journal
of Power Sources. 161(2), 1076–1083.
mla: Santis, Marco, et al. “Experimental Investigation of Coupling Phenomena in
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks.” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 161,
no. 2, Elsevier, 2006, pp. 1076–83, doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.007.
short: M. Santis, S.A. Freunberger, M. Papra, A. Wokaun, F.N. Büchi, Journal of
Power Sources 161 (2006) 1076–1083.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:22:56Z
date_published: 2006-10-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:06Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.007
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 161'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 1076-1083
publication: Journal of Power Sources
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0378-7753
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
status: public
title: Experimental investigation of coupling phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel
cell stacks
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 161
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7328'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: An experimental technique for measuring the current density distribution with
a resolution smaller than the channel/rib scale of the flow field in polymer electrolyte
fuel cells (PEFCs) is presented. The electron conductors in a plane perpendicular
to the channel direction are considered as two-dimensional resistors. Hence, the
current density is obtained from the solution of Laplace's equation with the potentials
at current collector and reaction layer as boundary conditions. Using ohmic drop
for calculating the local current, detailed knowledge of all resistances involved
is of prime importance. In particular, the contact resistance between the gas
diffusion layer (GDL) and flow field rib, as well as GDL bulk conductivity, are
strongly dependent on clamping pressure. They represent a substantial amount of
the total ohmic drop and therefore require careful consideration. The detailed
experimental setup as well as the concise procedure for quantitative data evaluation
is described. Finally, the method is applied successfully to a cell operated on
pure oxygen and air up to high current densities. The results show that electrical
and ionic resistances seem to govern the current distribution at low current regimes,
whereas mass transport limitations locally hamper the current production at high
loads.
article_number: A2158
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Mathias
full_name: Reum, Mathias
last_name: Reum
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Evertz, Jörg
last_name: Evertz
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Felix N.
full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
last_name: Büchi
citation:
ama: Freunberger SA, Reum M, Evertz J, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. Measuring the current
distribution in PEFCs with sub-millimeter resolution. Journal of The Electrochemical
Society. 2006;153(11). doi:10.1149/1.2345591
apa: Freunberger, S. A., Reum, M., Evertz, J., Wokaun, A., & Büchi, F. N. (2006).
Measuring the current distribution in PEFCs with sub-millimeter resolution. Journal
of The Electrochemical Society. The Electrochemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2345591
chicago: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, Mathias Reum, Jörg Evertz, Alexander Wokaun,
and Felix N. Büchi. “Measuring the Current Distribution in PEFCs with Sub-Millimeter
Resolution.” Journal of The Electrochemical Society. The Electrochemical
Society, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2345591.
ieee: S. A. Freunberger, M. Reum, J. Evertz, A. Wokaun, and F. N. Büchi, “Measuring
the current distribution in PEFCs with sub-millimeter resolution,” Journal
of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 153, no. 11. The Electrochemical Society,
2006.
ista: Freunberger SA, Reum M, Evertz J, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. 2006. Measuring the
current distribution in PEFCs with sub-millimeter resolution. Journal of The Electrochemical
Society. 153(11), A2158.
mla: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, et al. “Measuring the Current Distribution in
PEFCs with Sub-Millimeter Resolution.” Journal of The Electrochemical Society,
vol. 153, no. 11, A2158, The Electrochemical Society, 2006, doi:10.1149/1.2345591.
short: S.A. Freunberger, M. Reum, J. Evertz, A. Wokaun, F.N. Büchi, Journal of
The Electrochemical Society 153 (2006).
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:23:12Z
date_published: 2006-09-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:06Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1149/1.2345591
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 153'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
publication: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0013-4651
publication_status: published
publisher: The Electrochemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Measuring the current distribution in PEFCs with sub-millimeter resolution
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 153
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7329'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A novel measurement principle for measuring the current distribution in polymer
electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) is introduced. It allows, in contrast to all other
known techniques, for the first time for a resolution smaller than the channel/rib
scale of the flow field in PEFCs. The current density is obtained by considering
the electron conductors in the cell as a two-dimensional resistor with the voltage
drop caused by the current. The method was applied to a cell operated on oxygen
up to high current densities. The results show that the ohmic resistances govern
the current distribution in the low current regime, whereas mass transport limitations
hamper the current production under the land at high loads.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Mathias
full_name: Reum, Mathias
last_name: Reum
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Felix N.
full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
last_name: Büchi
citation:
ama: Freunberger SA, Reum M, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. Expanding current distribution
measurement in PEFCs to sub-millimeter resolution. Electrochemistry Communications.
2006;8(9):1435-1438. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.032
apa: Freunberger, S. A., Reum, M., Wokaun, A., & Büchi, F. N. (2006). Expanding
current distribution measurement in PEFCs to sub-millimeter resolution. Electrochemistry
Communications. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.032
chicago: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, Mathias Reum, Alexander Wokaun, and Felix
N. Büchi. “Expanding Current Distribution Measurement in PEFCs to Sub-Millimeter
Resolution.” Electrochemistry Communications. Elsevier, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.032.
ieee: S. A. Freunberger, M. Reum, A. Wokaun, and F. N. Büchi, “Expanding current
distribution measurement in PEFCs to sub-millimeter resolution,” Electrochemistry
Communications, vol. 8, no. 9. Elsevier, pp. 1435–1438, 2006.
ista: Freunberger SA, Reum M, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. 2006. Expanding current distribution
measurement in PEFCs to sub-millimeter resolution. Electrochemistry Communications.
8(9), 1435–1438.
mla: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, et al. “Expanding Current Distribution Measurement
in PEFCs to Sub-Millimeter Resolution.” Electrochemistry Communications,
vol. 8, no. 9, Elsevier, 2006, pp. 1435–38, doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.032.
short: S.A. Freunberger, M. Reum, A. Wokaun, F.N. Büchi, Electrochemistry Communications
8 (2006) 1435–1438.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:23:22Z
date_published: 2006-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:06Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.032
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 1435-1438
publication: Electrochemistry Communications
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1388-2481
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Expanding current distribution measurement in PEFCs to sub-millimeter resolution
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 8
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7330'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PE fuel cells) working with air at low stoichiometries
(<2.0) and standard electrochemical components show a high degree of inhomogeneity
in the current density distribution over the active area. An inhomogeneous current
density distribution leads to a non-uniform utilization of the active area, which
could negatively affect the time of life of the cells. Furthermore, it is also
believed to lower cell performance. In this work, the homogenization of the current
density, realized by means of tailored cathodes with along-the-air-channel redistributed
catalyst loadings, is investigated. The air stoichiometry range for which a homogenization
of the current density is achieved depends upon the gradient with which the catalyst
is redistributed along the air channel. A gentle increasing catalyst loading profile
homogenizes the current density at relatively higher air stoichiometries, while
a steeper profile is suited better for lower air stoichiometries. The results
show that a homogenization of the current density by means of redistributed catalyst
loading has negative effects on cell performance. Model calculations corroborate
the experimental findings on homogenization of the current density and deliver
an explanation for the decrease in cell performance.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: M.
full_name: Santis, M.
last_name: Santis
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: A.
full_name: Reiner, A.
last_name: Reiner
- first_name: F.N.
full_name: Büchi, F.N.
last_name: Büchi
citation:
ama: Santis M, Freunberger SA, Reiner A, Büchi FN. Homogenization of the current
density in polymer electrolyte fuel cells by in-plane cathode catalyst gradients.
Electrochimica Acta. 2006;51(25):5383-5393. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2006.02.008
apa: Santis, M., Freunberger, S. A., Reiner, A., & Büchi, F. N. (2006). Homogenization
of the current density in polymer electrolyte fuel cells by in-plane cathode catalyst
gradients. Electrochimica Acta. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.02.008
chicago: Santis, M., Stefan Alexander Freunberger, A. Reiner, and F.N. Büchi. “Homogenization
of the Current Density in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells by In-Plane Cathode Catalyst
Gradients.” Electrochimica Acta. Elsevier, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.02.008.
ieee: M. Santis, S. A. Freunberger, A. Reiner, and F. N. Büchi, “Homogenization
of the current density in polymer electrolyte fuel cells by in-plane cathode catalyst
gradients,” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 51, no. 25. Elsevier, pp. 5383–5393,
2006.
ista: Santis M, Freunberger SA, Reiner A, Büchi FN. 2006. Homogenization of the
current density in polymer electrolyte fuel cells by in-plane cathode catalyst
gradients. Electrochimica Acta. 51(25), 5383–5393.
mla: Santis, M., et al. “Homogenization of the Current Density in Polymer Electrolyte
Fuel Cells by In-Plane Cathode Catalyst Gradients.” Electrochimica Acta,
vol. 51, no. 25, Elsevier, 2006, pp. 5383–93, doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2006.02.008.
short: M. Santis, S.A. Freunberger, A. Reiner, F.N. Büchi, Electrochimica Acta 51
(2006) 5383–5393.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:23:34Z
date_published: 2006-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.02.008
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 51'
issue: '25'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 5383-5393
publication: Electrochimica Acta
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0013-4686
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Homogenization of the current density in polymer electrolyte fuel cells by
in-plane cathode catalyst gradients
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 51
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7331'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A previously developed mathematical model for water management and current
density distribution in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFCs) is employed to
investigate the effects of cooling strategies on cell performance. The model describes
a two-dimensional slice through the cell along the channels and through the entire
cell sandwich including the coolant channels and the bipolar plate. Arbitrary
flow arrangements of fuel, oxidant, and coolant stream directions can be described.
Due to the serious impact of temperature on all processes in the PEFC, both the
relative direction of the coolant stream to the gas streams and its mass flow
turns out to significantly affect the cell performance. Besides influencing the
electrochemical reaction and all kinds of mass transfer temperature, variations
predominantly alter the local membrane hydration distribution and subseqently
its conductivity.
article_number: A909
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Felix N.
full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
last_name: Büchi
citation:
ama: 'Freunberger SA, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. In-plane effects in large-scale PEFCs:
II. The influence of cooling strategy on cell performance. Journal of The Electrochemical
Society. 2006;153(5). doi:10.1149/1.2185282'
apa: 'Freunberger, S. A., Wokaun, A., & Büchi, F. N. (2006). In-plane effects
in large-scale PEFCs: II. The influence of cooling strategy on cell performance.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society. The Electrochemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2185282'
chicago: 'Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, Alexander Wokaun, and Felix N. Büchi.
“In-Plane Effects in Large-Scale PEFCs: II. The Influence of Cooling Strategy
on Cell Performance.” Journal of The Electrochemical Society. The Electrochemical
Society, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2185282.'
ieee: 'S. A. Freunberger, A. Wokaun, and F. N. Büchi, “In-plane effects in large-scale
PEFCs: II. The influence of cooling strategy on cell performance,” Journal
of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 153, no. 5. The Electrochemical Society,
2006.'
ista: 'Freunberger SA, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. 2006. In-plane effects in large-scale
PEFCs: II. The influence of cooling strategy on cell performance. Journal of The
Electrochemical Society. 153(5), A909.'
mla: 'Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, et al. “In-Plane Effects in Large-Scale PEFCs:
II. The Influence of Cooling Strategy on Cell Performance.” Journal of The
Electrochemical Society, vol. 153, no. 5, A909, The Electrochemical Society,
2006, doi:10.1149/1.2185282.'
short: S.A. Freunberger, A. Wokaun, F.N. Büchi, Journal of The Electrochemical
Society 153 (2006).
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:23:46Z
date_published: 2006-03-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:08Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1149/1.2185282
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 153'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
publication: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0013-4651
publication_status: published
publisher: The Electrochemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'In-plane effects in large-scale PEFCs: II. The influence of cooling strategy
on cell performance'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 153
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '7332'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A quasi-two-dimensional, along-the-channel mass and heat-transfer model for
a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEFC) is described and validated against
experimental current distribution data. The model is formulated in a dimensional
manner, i.e., local transport phenomena are treated one-dimensional in through-plane
direction and coupled in-plane by convective transport in the gas and coolant
channels. Thus, a two-dimensional slice running through the repetitive unit of
a cell from the anode channel via membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) and cathode
channel to the coolant channel and from inlet to outlet is modeled. The aim of
the work is to elucidate the influence of operating conditions such as feed gas
humidities and stoichiometric ratios on the along-the-channel current density
distribution and to identify the distinct underlying voltage loss mechanisms.
Furthermore, a complicated technical flow field is modeled by a combination of
co- and counterflow subdomains and compared with experimental current densities.
article_number: A396
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Santis, Marco
last_name: Santis
- first_name: Ingo A.
full_name: Schneider, Ingo A.
last_name: Schneider
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Felix N.
full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
last_name: Büchi
citation:
ama: Freunberger SA, Santis M, Schneider IA, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. In-plane effects
in large-scale PEMFCs. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 2006;153(2).
doi:10.1149/1.2150150
apa: Freunberger, S. A., Santis, M., Schneider, I. A., Wokaun, A., & Büchi,
F. N. (2006). In-plane effects in large-scale PEMFCs. Journal of The Electrochemical
Society. The Electrochemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2150150
chicago: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, Marco Santis, Ingo A. Schneider, Alexander
Wokaun, and Felix N. Büchi. “In-Plane Effects in Large-Scale PEMFCs.” Journal
of The Electrochemical Society. The Electrochemical Society, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2150150.
ieee: S. A. Freunberger, M. Santis, I. A. Schneider, A. Wokaun, and F. N. Büchi,
“In-plane effects in large-scale PEMFCs,” Journal of The Electrochemical Society,
vol. 153, no. 2. The Electrochemical Society, 2006.
ista: Freunberger SA, Santis M, Schneider IA, Wokaun A, Büchi FN. 2006. In-plane
effects in large-scale PEMFCs. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 153(2),
A396.
mla: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, et al. “In-Plane Effects in Large-Scale PEMFCs.”
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 153, no. 2, A396, The Electrochemical
Society, 2006, doi:10.1149/1.2150150.
short: S.A. Freunberger, M. Santis, I.A. Schneider, A. Wokaun, F.N. Büchi, Journal
of The Electrochemical Society 153 (2006).
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:24:00Z
date_published: 2006-01-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:08Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1149/1.2150150
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 153'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
publication: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0013-4651
publication_status: published
publisher: The Electrochemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: In-plane effects in large-scale PEMFCs
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 153
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '1715'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Background: Cell-to-cell communication at the synapse involves synaptic transmission
as well as signaling mediated by growth factors, which provide developmental and
plasticity cues. There is evidence that a retrograde, presynaptic transforming
growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling event regulates synapse development and function
in Drosophila. Results: Here we show that a postsynaptic TGF-β signaling event
occurs during larval development. The type I receptor Thick veins (Tkv) and the
R-Smad transcription factor Mothers-against-dpp (Mad) are localized postsynaptically
in the muscle. Furthermore, Mad phosphorylation occurs in regions facing the presynaptic
active zones of neurotransmitter release within the postsynaptic subsynaptic reticulum
(SSR). In order to monitor in real time the levels of TGF-β signaling in the synapse
during synaptic transmission, we have established a FRAP assay to measure Mad
nuclear import/export in the muscle. We show that Mad nuclear trafficking depends
on stimulation of the muscle. Conclusions: Our data suggest a mechanism linking
synaptic transmission and postsynaptic TGF-β signaling that may coordinate nerve-muscle
development and function.'
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Max Planck Society, HFSP, and Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Dudu, Veronika
last_name: Dudu
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Bittig, Thomas
last_name: Bittig
- first_name: Eugeni
full_name: Entchev, Eugeni
last_name: Entchev
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Kicheva, Anna
id: 3959A2A0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kicheva
orcid: 0000-0003-4509-4998
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Julicher, Frank
last_name: Julicher
- first_name: Marcos
full_name: González Gaitán, Marcos
last_name: González Gaitán
citation:
ama: Dudu V, Bittig T, Entchev E, Kicheva A, Julicher F, González Gaitán M. Postsynaptic
mad signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. Current Biology.
2006;16(7):625-635. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.061
apa: Dudu, V., Bittig, T., Entchev, E., Kicheva, A., Julicher, F., & González
Gaitán, M. (2006). Postsynaptic mad signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular
junction. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.061
chicago: Dudu, Veronika, Thomas Bittig, Eugeni Entchev, Anna Kicheva, Frank Julicher,
and Marcos González Gaitán. “Postsynaptic Mad Signaling at the Drosophila Neuromuscular
Junction.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.061.
ieee: V. Dudu, T. Bittig, E. Entchev, A. Kicheva, F. Julicher, and M. González Gaitán,
“Postsynaptic mad signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction,” Current
Biology, vol. 16, no. 7. Cell Press, pp. 625–635, 2006.
ista: Dudu V, Bittig T, Entchev E, Kicheva A, Julicher F, González Gaitán M. 2006.
Postsynaptic mad signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. Current Biology.
16(7), 625–635.
mla: Dudu, Veronika, et al. “Postsynaptic Mad Signaling at the Drosophila Neuromuscular
Junction.” Current Biology, vol. 16, no. 7, Cell Press, 2006, pp. 625–35,
doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.061.
short: V. Dudu, T. Bittig, E. Entchev, A. Kicheva, F. Julicher, M. González Gaitán,
Current Biology 16 (2006) 625–635.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:37Z
date_published: 2006-04-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-11-16T07:44:15Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.061
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 625 - 635
publication: Current Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '5416'
related_material:
link:
- relation: erratum
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.06.020
status: public
title: Postsynaptic mad signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 16
year: '2006'
...
---
_id: '1745'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: SiGe islands grown by deposition of 10 monolayers of Ge on Si(0 0 1) at 740
°C were investigated by using a combination of selective wet chemical etching
and atomic force microscopy. The used etchant, a solution consisting of ammonium
hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, shows a high selectivity of Ge over SixGe1-x
and is characterized by relatively slow etching rates for Si-rich alloys. By performing
successive etching experiments on the same sample area, we are able to gain a
deeper insight into the lateral displacement the islands undergo during post growth
annealing.
author:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Georgios Katsaros
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
- first_name: Armando
full_name: Rastelli, Armando
last_name: Rastelli
- first_name: Mathieu
full_name: Stoffel, Mathieu
last_name: Stoffel
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Isella, Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- first_name: Hans
full_name: Von Känel, Hans
last_name: Von Känel
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Bittner, Alexander M
last_name: Bittner
- first_name: Jerry
full_name: Tersoff, Jerry
last_name: Tersoff
- first_name: Ulrich
full_name: Denker, Ulrich
last_name: Denker
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Schmidt, Oliver G
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Costantini, Giovanni
last_name: Costantini
- first_name: Klaus
full_name: Kern, Klaus
last_name: Kern
citation:
ama: Katsaros G, Rastelli A, Stoffel M, et al. Investigating the lateral motion
of SiGe islands by selective chemical etching. Surface Science. 2006;600(12):2608-2613.
doi:10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.027
apa: Katsaros, G., Rastelli, A., Stoffel, M., Isella, G., Von Känel, H., Bittner,
A., … Kern, K. (2006). Investigating the lateral motion of SiGe islands by selective
chemical etching. Surface Science. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.027
chicago: Katsaros, Georgios, Armando Rastelli, Mathieu Stoffel, Giovanni Isella,
Hans Von Känel, Alexander Bittner, Jerry Tersoff, et al. “Investigating the Lateral
Motion of SiGe Islands by Selective Chemical Etching.” Surface Science.
Elsevier, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.027.
ieee: G. Katsaros et al., “Investigating the lateral motion of SiGe islands
by selective chemical etching,” Surface Science, vol. 600, no. 12. Elsevier,
pp. 2608–2613, 2006.
ista: Katsaros G, Rastelli A, Stoffel M, Isella G, Von Känel H, Bittner A, Tersoff
J, Denker U, Schmidt O, Costantini G, Kern K. 2006. Investigating the lateral
motion of SiGe islands by selective chemical etching. Surface Science. 600(12),
2608–2613.
mla: Katsaros, Georgios, et al. “Investigating the Lateral Motion of SiGe Islands
by Selective Chemical Etching.” Surface Science, vol. 600, no. 12, Elsevier,
2006, pp. 2608–13, doi:10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.027.
short: G. Katsaros, A. Rastelli, M. Stoffel, G. Isella, H. Von Känel, A. Bittner,
J. Tersoff, U. Denker, O. Schmidt, G. Costantini, K. Kern, Surface Science 600
(2006) 2608–2613.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:47Z
date_published: 2006-06-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:56Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1016/j.susc.2006.04.027
extern: 1
intvolume: ' 600'
issue: '12'
month: '06'
page: 2608 - 2613
publication: Surface Science
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '5379'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Investigating the lateral motion of SiGe islands by selective chemical etching
type: journal_article
volume: 600
year: '2006'
...