---
_id: '8481'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The copK gene is localized on the pMOL30 plasmid of Cupriavidus metallidurans
    CH34 within the complex cop cluster of genes, for which 21 genes have been identified.
    The expression of the corresponding periplasmic CopK protein is strongly upregulated
    in the presence of copper, leading to a high periplasmic accumulation. The structure
    and metal-binding properties of CopK were investigated by NMR and mass spectrometry.
    The protein is dimeric in the apo state with a dissociation constant in the range
    of 10- 5 M estimated from analytical ultracentrifugation. Mass spectrometry revealed
    that CopK has two high-affinity Cu(I)-binding sites per monomer with different
    Cu(I) affinities. Binding of Cu(II) was observed but appeared to be non-specific.
    The solution structure of apo-CopK revealed an all-β fold formed of two β-sheets
    in perpendicular orientation with an unstructured C-terminal tail. The dimer interface
    is formed by the surface of the C-terminal β-sheet. Binding of the first Cu(I)-ion
    induces a major structural modification involving dissociation of the dimeric
    apo-protein. Backbone chemical shifts determined for the 1Cu(I)-bound form confirm
    the conservation of the N-terminal β-sheet, while the last strand of the C-terminal
    sheet appears in slow conformational exchange. We hypothesize that the partial
    disruption of the C-terminal β-sheet is related to dimer dissociation. NH-exchange
    data acquired on the apo-protein are consistent with a lower thermodynamic stability
    of the C-terminal sheet. CopK contains seven methionine residues, five of which
    appear highly conserved. Chemical shift data suggest implication of two or three
    methionines (Met54, Met38, Met28) in the first Cu(I) site. Addition of a second
    Cu(I) ion further increases protein plasticity. Comparison of the structural and
    metal-binding properties of CopK with other periplasmic copper-binding proteins
    reveals two conserved features within these functionally related proteins: the
    all-β fold and the methionine-rich Cu(I)-binding site.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Beate
  full_name: Bersch, Beate
  last_name: Bersch
- first_name: Adrien
  full_name: Favier, Adrien
  last_name: Favier
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: Schanda, Paul
  id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
  last_name: Schanda
  orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Sébastien
  full_name: van Aelst, Sébastien
  last_name: van Aelst
- first_name: Tatiana
  full_name: Vallaeys, Tatiana
  last_name: Vallaeys
- first_name: Jacques
  full_name: Covès, Jacques
  last_name: Covès
- first_name: Max
  full_name: Mergeay, Max
  last_name: Mergeay
- first_name: Ruddy
  full_name: Wattiez, Ruddy
  last_name: Wattiez
citation:
  ama: Bersch B, Favier A, Schanda P, et al. Molecular structure and metal-binding
    properties of the periplasmic CopK protein expressed in Cupriavidus metallidurans
    CH34 during copper challenge. <i>Journal of Molecular Biology</i>. 2008;380(2):386-403.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017">10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017</a>
  apa: Bersch, B., Favier, A., Schanda, P., van Aelst, S., Vallaeys, T., Covès, J.,
    … Wattiez, R. (2008). Molecular structure and metal-binding properties of the
    periplasmic CopK protein expressed in Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 during copper
    challenge. <i>Journal of Molecular Biology</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017</a>
  chicago: Bersch, Beate, Adrien Favier, Paul Schanda, Sébastien van Aelst, Tatiana
    Vallaeys, Jacques Covès, Max Mergeay, and Ruddy Wattiez. “Molecular Structure
    and Metal-Binding Properties of the Periplasmic CopK Protein Expressed in Cupriavidus
    Metallidurans CH34 during Copper Challenge.” <i>Journal of Molecular Biology</i>.
    Elsevier, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017</a>.
  ieee: B. Bersch <i>et al.</i>, “Molecular structure and metal-binding properties
    of the periplasmic CopK protein expressed in Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 during
    copper challenge,” <i>Journal of Molecular Biology</i>, vol. 380, no. 2. Elsevier,
    pp. 386–403, 2008.
  ista: Bersch B, Favier A, Schanda P, van Aelst S, Vallaeys T, Covès J, Mergeay M,
    Wattiez R. 2008. Molecular structure and metal-binding properties of the periplasmic
    CopK protein expressed in Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 during copper challenge.
    Journal of Molecular Biology. 380(2), 386–403.
  mla: Bersch, Beate, et al. “Molecular Structure and Metal-Binding Properties of
    the Periplasmic CopK Protein Expressed in Cupriavidus Metallidurans CH34 during
    Copper Challenge.” <i>Journal of Molecular Biology</i>, vol. 380, no. 2, Elsevier,
    2008, pp. 386–403, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017">10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017</a>.
  short: B. Bersch, A. Favier, P. Schanda, S. van Aelst, T. Vallaeys, J. Covès, M.
    Mergeay, R. Wattiez, Journal of Molecular Biology 380 (2008) 386–403.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:12:37Z
date_published: 2008-07-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:34Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.05.017
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       380'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Molecular Biology
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 386-403
publication: Journal of Molecular Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0022-2836
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Molecular structure and metal-binding properties of the periplasmic CopK protein
  expressed in Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 during copper challenge
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 380
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '8482'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The SOFAST-HMQC experiment [P. Schanda, B. Brutscher, Very fast two-dimensional
    NMR spectroscopy for real-time investigation of dynamic events in proteins on
    the time scale of seconds, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 (2005) 8014–8015] allows recording
    two-dimensional correlation spectra of macromolecules such as proteins in only
    a few seconds acquisition time. To achieve the highest possible sensitivity, SOFAST-HMQC
    experiments are preferably performed on high-field NMR spectrometers equipped
    with cryogenically cooled probes. The duty cycle of over 80% in fast-pulsing SOFAST-HMQC
    experiments, however, may cause problems when using a cryogenic probe. Here we
    introduce SE-IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC, a new pulse sequence that provides comparable sensitivity
    to standard SOFAST-HMQC, while avoiding heteronuclear decoupling during 1H detection,
    and thus significantly reducing the radiofrequency load of the probe during the
    experiment. The experiment is also attractive for fast and sensitive measurement
    of heteronuclear one-bond spin coupling constants.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Kern, Thomas
  last_name: Kern
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: Schanda, Paul
  id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
  last_name: Schanda
  orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Bernhard
  full_name: Brutscher, Bernhard
  last_name: Brutscher
citation:
  ama: Kern T, Schanda P, Brutscher B. Sensitivity-enhanced IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC for fast-pulsing
    2D NMR with reduced radiofrequency load. <i>Journal of Magnetic Resonance</i>.
    2008;190(2):333-338. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015">10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015</a>
  apa: Kern, T., Schanda, P., &#38; Brutscher, B. (2008). Sensitivity-enhanced IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC
    for fast-pulsing 2D NMR with reduced radiofrequency load. <i>Journal of Magnetic
    Resonance</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015</a>
  chicago: Kern, Thomas, Paul Schanda, and Bernhard Brutscher. “Sensitivity-Enhanced
    IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC for Fast-Pulsing 2D NMR with Reduced Radiofrequency Load.” <i>Journal
    of Magnetic Resonance</i>. Elsevier, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015</a>.
  ieee: T. Kern, P. Schanda, and B. Brutscher, “Sensitivity-enhanced IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC
    for fast-pulsing 2D NMR with reduced radiofrequency load,” <i>Journal of Magnetic
    Resonance</i>, vol. 190, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 333–338, 2008.
  ista: Kern T, Schanda P, Brutscher B. 2008. Sensitivity-enhanced IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC
    for fast-pulsing 2D NMR with reduced radiofrequency load. Journal of Magnetic
    Resonance. 190(2), 333–338.
  mla: Kern, Thomas, et al. “Sensitivity-Enhanced IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC for Fast-Pulsing
    2D NMR with Reduced Radiofrequency Load.” <i>Journal of Magnetic Resonance</i>,
    vol. 190, no. 2, Elsevier, 2008, pp. 333–38, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015">10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015</a>.
  short: T. Kern, P. Schanda, B. Brutscher, Journal of Magnetic Resonance 190 (2008)
    333–338.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:12:46Z
date_published: 2008-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:35Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.jmr.2007.11.015
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       190'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Nuclear and High Energy Physics
- Biophysics
- Biochemistry
- Condensed Matter Physics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 333-338
publication: Journal of Magnetic Resonance
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1090-7807
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Sensitivity-enhanced IPAP-SOFAST-HMQC for fast-pulsing 2D NMR with reduced
  radiofrequency load
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 190
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '8509'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The goal of this paper is to present to nonspecialists what is perhaps the
    simplest possible geometrical picture explaining the mechanism of Arnold diffusion.
    We choose to speak of a specific model—that of geometric rays in a periodic optical
    medium. This model is equivalent to that of a particle in a periodic potential
    in ${\mathbb R}^{n}$ with energy prescribed and to the geodesic flow in a Riemannian
    metric on ${\mathbb R}^{n} $.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Levi, Mark
  last_name: Levi
citation:
  ama: Kaloshin V, Levi M. Geometry of Arnold diffusion. <i>SIAM Review</i>. 2008;50(4):702-720.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/070703235">10.1137/070703235</a>
  apa: Kaloshin, V., &#38; Levi, M. (2008). Geometry of Arnold diffusion. <i>SIAM
    Review</i>. Society for Industrial &#38; Applied Mathematics. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/070703235">https://doi.org/10.1137/070703235</a>
  chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Mark Levi. “Geometry of Arnold Diffusion.” <i>SIAM
    Review</i>. Society for Industrial &#38; Applied Mathematics, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/070703235">https://doi.org/10.1137/070703235</a>.
  ieee: V. Kaloshin and M. Levi, “Geometry of Arnold diffusion,” <i>SIAM Review</i>,
    vol. 50, no. 4. Society for Industrial &#38; Applied Mathematics, pp. 702–720,
    2008.
  ista: Kaloshin V, Levi M. 2008. Geometry of Arnold diffusion. SIAM Review. 50(4),
    702–720.
  mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Mark Levi. “Geometry of Arnold Diffusion.” <i>SIAM Review</i>,
    vol. 50, no. 4, Society for Industrial &#38; Applied Mathematics, 2008, pp. 702–20,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/070703235">10.1137/070703235</a>.
  short: V. Kaloshin, M. Levi, SIAM Review 50 (2008) 702–720.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:48:12Z
date_published: 2008-11-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:46Z
day: '05'
doi: 10.1137/070703235
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        50'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Theoretical Computer Science
- Applied Mathematics
- Computational Mathematics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 702-720
publication: SIAM Review
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0036-1445
  - 1095-7200
publication_status: published
publisher: Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Geometry of Arnold diffusion
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 50
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '8510'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this paper, using the ideas of Bessi and Mather, we present a simple mechanical
    system exhibiting Arnold diffusion. This system of a particle in a small periodic
    potential can be also interpreted as ray propagation in a periodic optical medium
    with a near-constant index of refraction. Arnold diffusion in this context manifests
    itself as an arbitrary finite change of direction for nearly constant index of
    refraction.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Levi, Mark
  last_name: Levi
citation:
  ama: Kaloshin V, Levi M. An example of Arnold diffusion for near-integrable Hamiltonians.
    <i>Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</i>. 2008;45(3):409-427. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1">10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1</a>
  apa: Kaloshin, V., &#38; Levi, M. (2008). An example of Arnold diffusion for near-integrable
    Hamiltonians. <i>Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</i>. American Mathematical
    Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1">https://doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1</a>
  chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Mark Levi. “An Example of Arnold Diffusion for Near-Integrable
    Hamiltonians.” <i>Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</i>. American
    Mathematical Society, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1">https://doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1</a>.
  ieee: V. Kaloshin and M. Levi, “An example of Arnold diffusion for near-integrable
    Hamiltonians,” <i>Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 45,
    no. 3. American Mathematical Society, pp. 409–427, 2008.
  ista: Kaloshin V, Levi M. 2008. An example of Arnold diffusion for near-integrable
    Hamiltonians. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 45(3), 409–427.
  mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, and Mark Levi. “An Example of Arnold Diffusion for Near-Integrable
    Hamiltonians.” <i>Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 45,
    no. 3, American Mathematical Society, 2008, pp. 409–27, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1">10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1</a>.
  short: V. Kaloshin, M. Levi, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 45 (2008)
    409–427.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:48:20Z
date_published: 2008-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:47Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1090/s0273-0979-08-01211-1
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        45'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Applied Mathematics
- General Mathematics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 409-427
publication: Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0273-0979
publication_status: published
publisher: American Mathematical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: An example of Arnold diffusion for near-integrable Hamiltonians
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 45
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '895'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Background. The arginine vasopressin V1a receptor (V1aR) modulates social
    cognition and behavior in a wide variety of species. Variation in a repetitive
    microsatellite element in the 5′ flanking region of the V1aR gene (AVPR1A) in
    rodents has been associated with variation in brain V1aR expression and in social
    behavior. In humans, the 5′ flanking region of AVPR1A contains a tandem duplication
    of two ∼350 bp, microsatellite-containing elements located approximately 3.5 kb
    upstream of the transcription start site. The first block, referred to as DupA,
    contains a polymorphic (GT) 25microsatellite; the second block, DupB, has a complex
    (CT) 4-(TT)-(CT)8-(GT)24polymorphic motif, known as RS3. Polymorphisms in RS3
    have been associated with variation in sociobehavioral traits in humans, including
    autism spectrum disorders. Thus, evolution of these regions may have contributed
    to variation in social behavior in primates. We examined the structure of these
    regions in six ape, six monkey, and one prosimian species. Results. Both tandem
    repeat blocks are present upstream of the AVPR1A coding region in five of the
    ape species we investigated, while monkeys have only one copy of this region.
    As in humans, the microsatellites within DupA and DupB are polymorphic in many
    primate species. Furthermore, both single (lacking DupB) and duplicated alleles
    (containing both DupA and DupB) are present in chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) populations
    with allele frequencies of 0.795 and 0.205 for the single and duplicated alleles,
    respectively, based on the analysis of 47 wild-caught individuals. Finally, a
    phylogenetic reconstruction suggests two alternate evolutionary histories for
    this locus. Conclusion. There is no obvious relationship between the presence
    of the RS3 duplication and social organization in primates. However, polymorphisms
    identified in some species may be useful in future genetic association studies.
    In particular, the presence of both single and duplicated alleles in chimpanzees
    provides a unique opportunity to assess the functional role of this duplication
    in contributing to variation in social behavior in primates. While our initial
    studies show no signs of directional selection on this locus in chimps, pharmacological
    and genetic association studies support a potential role for this region in influencing
    V1aR expression and social behavior.
acknowledgement: |
  We thank the caretakers at Zoo Atlanta and Yerkes National Primate Center for help with procuring specimens. Additional DNA samples were supplied by Bill Hopkins, Emory University (chimpanzee), Allyson Bennet, Wake Forest University (chimpanzee, rhesus macaque, bonnet macaque), Mar Sanchez, Emory University (rhesus macaque), and Anne Yoder, Duke University (galago). Susan Lambeth, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, and Katie Chace, Yerkes National Primate Center, helped provide records regarding the origins of wild born chimps at these centers. We would like to thank Dr Lisa McGraw and two anonymous reviewers for their com- ments on this manuscript. This work was supported by NSF IBN-9876754, NIH RR00165, NIMH56897 (LJY), MH64692 (LJY) and a Howard Hughes Predoctoral Fellowship (ZRD).
author:
- first_name: Zoe
  full_name: Donaldson, Zoe R
  last_name: Donaldson
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Putnam, Andrea S
  last_name: Putnam
- first_name: Yaohui
  full_name: Bai, Yaohui
  last_name: Bai
- first_name: Tara
  full_name: Stoinski, Tara S
  last_name: Stoinski
- first_name: Elizabeth
  full_name: Hammock, Elizabeth A
  last_name: Hammock
- first_name: Larry
  full_name: Young, Larry
  last_name: Young
citation:
  ama: Donaldson Z, Kondrashov F, Putnam A, et al. Evolution of a behavior-linked
    microsatellite-containing element in the 5′ flanking region of the primate AVPR1A
    gene. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>. 2008;8(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-180">10.1186/1471-2148-8-180</a>
  apa: Donaldson, Z., Kondrashov, F., Putnam, A., Bai, Y., Stoinski, T., Hammock,
    E., &#38; Young, L. (2008). Evolution of a behavior-linked microsatellite-containing
    element in the 5′ flanking region of the primate AVPR1A gene. <i>BMC Evolutionary
    Biology</i>. BioMed Central. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-180">https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-180</a>
  chicago: Donaldson, Zoe, Fyodor Kondrashov, Andrea Putnam, Yaohui Bai, Tara Stoinski,
    Elizabeth Hammock, and Larry Young. “Evolution of a Behavior-Linked Microsatellite-Containing
    Element in the 5′ Flanking Region of the Primate AVPR1A Gene.” <i>BMC Evolutionary
    Biology</i>. BioMed Central, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-180">https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-180</a>.
  ieee: Z. Donaldson <i>et al.</i>, “Evolution of a behavior-linked microsatellite-containing
    element in the 5′ flanking region of the primate AVPR1A gene,” <i>BMC Evolutionary
    Biology</i>, vol. 8, no. 1. BioMed Central, 2008.
  ista: Donaldson Z, Kondrashov F, Putnam A, Bai Y, Stoinski T, Hammock E, Young L.
    2008. Evolution of a behavior-linked microsatellite-containing element in the
    5′ flanking region of the primate AVPR1A gene. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8(1).
  mla: Donaldson, Zoe, et al. “Evolution of a Behavior-Linked Microsatellite-Containing
    Element in the 5′ Flanking Region of the Primate AVPR1A Gene.” <i>BMC Evolutionary
    Biology</i>, vol. 8, no. 1, BioMed Central, 2008, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-180">10.1186/1471-2148-8-180</a>.
  short: Z. Donaldson, F. Kondrashov, A. Putnam, Y. Bai, T. Stoinski, E. Hammock,
    L. Young, BMC Evolutionary Biology 8 (2008).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:04Z
date_published: 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:29Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-180
extern: 1
intvolume: '         8'
issue: '1'
month: '01'
publication: BMC Evolutionary Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6753'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Evolution of a behavior-linked microsatellite-containing element in the 5′
  flanking region of the primate AVPR1A gene
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
volume: 8
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '907'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The most common form of protein-coding gene overlap in eukaryotes is a simple
    nested structure, whereby one gene is embedded in an intron of another. Analysis
    of nested protein-coding genes in vertebrates, fruit flies and nematodes revealed
    substantially higher rates of evolutionary gains than losses. The accumulation
    of nested gene structures could not be attributed to any obvious functional relationships
    between the genes involved and represents an increase of the organizational complexity
    of animal genomes via a neutral process.
author:
- first_name: Raquel
  full_name: Assis, Raquel
  last_name: Assis
- first_name: Alexey
  full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S
  last_name: Kondrashov
- first_name: Eugene
  full_name: Koonin, Eugene V
  last_name: Koonin
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
citation:
  ama: Assis R, Kondrashov A, Koonin E, Kondrashov F. Nested genes and increasing
    organizational complexity of metazoan genomes. <i>Trends in Genetics</i>. 2008;24(10):475-478.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003">10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003</a>
  apa: Assis, R., Kondrashov, A., Koonin, E., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2008). Nested
    genes and increasing organizational complexity of metazoan genomes. <i>Trends
    in Genetics</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003</a>
  chicago: Assis, Raquel, Alexey Kondrashov, Eugene Koonin, and Fyodor Kondrashov.
    “Nested Genes and Increasing Organizational Complexity of Metazoan Genomes.” <i>Trends
    in Genetics</i>. Elsevier, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003</a>.
  ieee: R. Assis, A. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, and F. Kondrashov, “Nested genes and increasing
    organizational complexity of metazoan genomes,” <i>Trends in Genetics</i>, vol.
    24, no. 10. Elsevier, pp. 475–478, 2008.
  ista: Assis R, Kondrashov A, Koonin E, Kondrashov F. 2008. Nested genes and increasing
    organizational complexity of metazoan genomes. Trends in Genetics. 24(10), 475–478.
  mla: Assis, Raquel, et al. “Nested Genes and Increasing Organizational Complexity
    of Metazoan Genomes.” <i>Trends in Genetics</i>, vol. 24, no. 10, Elsevier, 2008,
    pp. 475–78, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003">10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003</a>.
  short: R. Assis, A. Kondrashov, E. Koonin, F. Kondrashov, Trends in Genetics 24
    (2008) 475–478.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:08Z
date_published: 2008-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:49Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2008.08.003
extern: 1
intvolume: '        24'
issue: '10'
month: '10'
page: 475 - 478
publication: Trends in Genetics
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '6743'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Nested genes and increasing organizational complexity of metazoan genomes
type: journal_article
volume: 24
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '7320'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A comparative, experimental diffusivity study of gas diffusion layer (GDL)
    materials for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) is presented for the first
    time. The GDL plays an important role for electrochemical losses due to gas transport
    limitations at high current densities. Characterization and optimization of these
    layers is therefore essential to improve power density. A recently developed method
    which allows for fast diffusimetry is applied and data compared to the literature
    values. Measurements are made as a function of direction and compression and the
    effect of different binder structures and hydrophobic treatments on effective
    diffusivities are discussed. A better understanding of the results is gained by
    including novel GDL cross-section images and a meaningful unit cell model for
    the interpretation of the data. The diffusivity data is valuable for GDL manufacturers
    and future PEFC models. The study reveals that a binder–fiber ratio larger than
    50% has a negative impact on the effective diffusion properties. The hydrophobic
    treatment which is necessary to improve the water management can impede diffusion
    and thus reduce the power density. Furthermore binder has an isotropic effect
    while compression pronounces the in-plane orientation of the fibers.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Reto
  full_name: Flückiger, Reto
  last_name: Flückiger
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Denis
  full_name: Kramer, Denis
  last_name: Kramer
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
  last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Günther G.
  full_name: Scherer, Günther G.
  last_name: Scherer
- first_name: Felix N.
  full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
  last_name: Büchi
citation:
  ama: Flückiger R, Freunberger SA, Kramer D, Wokaun A, Scherer GG, Büchi FN. Anisotropic,
    effective diffusivity of porous gas diffusion layer materials for PEFC. <i>Electrochimica
    Acta</i>. 2008;54(2):551-559. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034">10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034</a>
  apa: Flückiger, R., Freunberger, S. A., Kramer, D., Wokaun, A., Scherer, G. G.,
    &#38; Büchi, F. N. (2008). Anisotropic, effective diffusivity of porous gas diffusion
    layer materials for PEFC. <i>Electrochimica Acta</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034</a>
  chicago: Flückiger, Reto, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Denis Kramer, Alexander
    Wokaun, Günther G. Scherer, and Felix N. Büchi. “Anisotropic, Effective Diffusivity
    of Porous Gas Diffusion Layer Materials for PEFC.” <i>Electrochimica Acta</i>.
    Elsevier, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034</a>.
  ieee: R. Flückiger, S. A. Freunberger, D. Kramer, A. Wokaun, G. G. Scherer, and
    F. N. Büchi, “Anisotropic, effective diffusivity of porous gas diffusion layer
    materials for PEFC,” <i>Electrochimica Acta</i>, vol. 54, no. 2. Elsevier, pp.
    551–559, 2008.
  ista: Flückiger R, Freunberger SA, Kramer D, Wokaun A, Scherer GG, Büchi FN. 2008.
    Anisotropic, effective diffusivity of porous gas diffusion layer materials for
    PEFC. Electrochimica Acta. 54(2), 551–559.
  mla: Flückiger, Reto, et al. “Anisotropic, Effective Diffusivity of Porous Gas Diffusion
    Layer Materials for PEFC.” <i>Electrochimica Acta</i>, vol. 54, no. 2, Elsevier,
    2008, pp. 551–59, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034">10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034</a>.
  short: R. Flückiger, S.A. Freunberger, D. Kramer, A. Wokaun, G.G. Scherer, F.N.
    Büchi, Electrochimica Acta 54 (2008) 551–559.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:21:36Z
date_published: 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:02Z
day: '30'
doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.07.034
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        54'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 551-559
publication: Electrochimica Acta
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0013-4686
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Anisotropic, effective diffusivity of porous gas diffusion layer materials
  for PEFC
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 54
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '7321'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Cell interaction phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks that arise
    from imbalance between adjacent cells are investigated in detail experimentally
    and theoretically. A specialized two-cell stack with advanced localized diagnostics
    was developed and used to analyze the mechanism and effect of cell-to-cell coupling
    as a result of operationally relevant variations in reactant feed flow. Contributions
    to overall and local voltage changes with respect to uniformly operated cells
    are scrutinized. Unequal operation of the cells causes in-plane current in the
    bipolar plate to redistribute current and result in inhomogeneous polarization.
    Both increasing and decreasing polarization along the air-flow path reduces cell
    power as compared to isopotential operation. A two-dimensional model based on
    a commercial computational fluid dynamics code is used to back and extend the
    experimental results to more general cases. Furthermore, the experimental setup
    presented allowed for the first time to perform simultaneous localized electrochemical
    impedance spectroscopy beyond the single-cell level. The mechanism of mutual cell
    interaction on local and integral spectra is revealed. Results show that virtually
    identical operation of the cells is essential to obtain meaningful integral spectra.
article_number: B704
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Ingo A.
  full_name: Schneider, Ingo A.
  last_name: Schneider
- first_name: Pang-Chieh
  full_name: Sui, Pang-Chieh
  last_name: Sui
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
  last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Nedjib
  full_name: Djilali, Nedjib
  last_name: Djilali
- first_name: Felix N.
  full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
  last_name: Büchi
citation:
  ama: Freunberger SA, Schneider IA, Sui P-C, Wokaun A, Djilali N, Büchi FN. Cell
    interaction phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks. <i>Journal of The
    Electrochemical Society</i>. 2008;155(7). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2913095">10.1149/1.2913095</a>
  apa: Freunberger, S. A., Schneider, I. A., Sui, P.-C., Wokaun, A., Djilali, N.,
    &#38; Büchi, F. N. (2008). Cell interaction phenomena in polymer electrolyte
    fuel cell stacks. <i>Journal of The Electrochemical Society</i>. The Electrochemical
    Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2913095">https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2913095</a>
  chicago: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, Ingo A. Schneider, Pang-Chieh Sui, Alexander
    Wokaun, Nedjib Djilali, and Felix N. Büchi. “Cell Interaction Phenomena in Polymer
    Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks.” <i>Journal of The Electrochemical Society</i>.
    The Electrochemical Society, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2913095">https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2913095</a>.
  ieee: S. A. Freunberger, I. A. Schneider, P.-C. Sui, A. Wokaun, N. Djilali, and
    F. N. Büchi, “Cell interaction phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks,”
    <i>Journal of The Electrochemical Society</i>, vol. 155, no. 7. The Electrochemical
    Society, 2008.
  ista: Freunberger SA, Schneider IA, Sui P-C, Wokaun A, Djilali N, Büchi FN. 2008.
    Cell interaction phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks. Journal of
    The Electrochemical Society. 155(7), B704.
  mla: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander, et al. “Cell Interaction Phenomena in Polymer
    Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks.” <i>Journal of The Electrochemical Society</i>,
    vol. 155, no. 7, B704, The Electrochemical Society, 2008, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2913095">10.1149/1.2913095</a>.
  short: S.A. Freunberger, I.A. Schneider, P.-C. Sui, A. Wokaun, N. Djilali, F.N.
    Büchi, Journal of The Electrochemical Society 155 (2008).
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:21:47Z
date_published: 2008-05-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:03Z
day: '08'
doi: 10.1149/1.2913095
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       155'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
publication: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0013-4651
publication_status: published
publisher: The Electrochemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Cell interaction phenomena in polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 155
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '7322'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The gas diffusion layers (GDLs) of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) serve
    as link between flow field and porous electrode within a polymer electrolyte fuel
    cell. Beside ensuring sufficient electrical and thermal contact between the whole
    electrode area and the flow field, these typically 200–400 μm thick porous structures
    enable the access of educts to the electrode area which would be occluded by the
    flow field lands if the flow field is directly attached to the electrode. Hence,
    the characterisation of properties pertaining to mass transport of educts and
    products through these structures is indispensable whilst examining the contribution
    of the GDLs to the overall electrochemical characteristics of a MEA. A fast and
    cost effective method to measure the effective diffusivity of a GDL is presented.
    Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is applied to measure the effective ionic
    conductivity of an electrolyte-soaked GDL. Taking advantage of the analogy between
    Ficks and Ohms law, this provides a measure for the effective diffusivity. The
    method is described in detail, including experimental as well as theoretical aspects,
    and selected results, highlighting the anisotropy and dependence on the degree
    of compression, are shown. Moreover, a two-dimensional model consisting of regularly
    spaced ellipses is developed to represent the porous structure of the GDL, and
    by using conformal maps, the agreement between this model and experiment with
    respect to the sensitivity of the effective diffusivity towards compression is
    shown.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Denis
  full_name: Kramer, Denis
  last_name: Kramer
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Reto
  full_name: Flückiger, Reto
  last_name: Flückiger
- first_name: Ingo A.
  full_name: Schneider, Ingo A.
  last_name: Schneider
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Wokaun, Alexander
  last_name: Wokaun
- first_name: Felix N.
  full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
  last_name: Büchi
- first_name: Günther G.
  full_name: Scherer, Günther G.
  last_name: Scherer
citation:
  ama: Kramer D, Freunberger SA, Flückiger R, et al. Electrochemical diffusimetry
    of fuel cell gas diffusion layers. <i>Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry</i>.
    2008;612(1):63-77. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014">10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014</a>
  apa: Kramer, D., Freunberger, S. A., Flückiger, R., Schneider, I. A., Wokaun, A.,
    Büchi, F. N., &#38; Scherer, G. G. (2008). Electrochemical diffusimetry of fuel
    cell gas diffusion layers. <i>Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry</i>. Elsevier.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014</a>
  chicago: Kramer, Denis, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Reto Flückiger, Ingo A. Schneider,
    Alexander Wokaun, Felix N. Büchi, and Günther G. Scherer. “Electrochemical Diffusimetry
    of Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layers.” <i>Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry</i>.
    Elsevier, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014</a>.
  ieee: D. Kramer <i>et al.</i>, “Electrochemical diffusimetry of fuel cell gas diffusion
    layers,” <i>Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry</i>, vol. 612, no. 1. Elsevier,
    pp. 63–77, 2008.
  ista: Kramer D, Freunberger SA, Flückiger R, Schneider IA, Wokaun A, Büchi FN, Scherer
    GG. 2008. Electrochemical diffusimetry of fuel cell gas diffusion layers. Journal
    of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 612(1), 63–77.
  mla: Kramer, Denis, et al. “Electrochemical Diffusimetry of Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion
    Layers.” <i>Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry</i>, vol. 612, no. 1, Elsevier,
    2008, pp. 63–77, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014">10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014</a>.
  short: D. Kramer, S.A. Freunberger, R. Flückiger, I.A. Schneider, A. Wokaun, F.N.
    Büchi, G.G. Scherer, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 612 (2008) 63–77.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:21:57Z
date_published: 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:03Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.09.014
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       612'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 63-77
publication: Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1572-6657
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Electrochemical diffusimetry of fuel cell gas diffusion layers
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 612
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '7425'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The propagation of single cell performance losses to adjacent cells in a polymer
    electrolyte fuel cell stack is studied by means of local current density measurements
    in a two cell stack. In this stack, the working conditions of adjacent cells can
    be controlled independently in order to deliberately change the performance of
    one cell (inducing cell) and study the coupling effects to the adjacent cell (response
    cell), while keeping the working conditions of the later one unchanged. The experiments
    have shown that changes in the current density distribution caused by lowering
    of the air stoichiometry in the inducing cell cause changes in the current density
    distribution of the response cell in the order of 60% of the change of the inducing
    cell, even when the air stoichiometry of the response cell is kept constant. The
    losses in cell voltage of the inducing cell cause losses in cell voltage of the
    response cell in a magnitude between 30 and 50%.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Santis, Marco
  last_name: Santis
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Papra, Matthias
  last_name: Papra
- first_name: Felix N.
  full_name: Büchi, Felix N.
  last_name: Büchi
citation:
  ama: 'Santis M, Freunberger SA, Papra M, Büchi FN. Experimental investigation of
    the propagation of local current density variations to adjacent cells in PEFC
    stacks. In: <i>3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering
    and Technology</i>. ASMEDC; 2008:763-765. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116">10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116</a>'
  apa: 'Santis, M., Freunberger, S. A., Papra, M., &#38; Büchi, F. N. (2008). Experimental
    investigation of the propagation of local current density variations to adjacent
    cells in PEFC stacks. In <i>3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science,
    Engineering and Technology</i> (pp. 763–765). Ypsilanti, MI, United States: ASMEDC.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116">https://doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116</a>'
  chicago: Santis, Marco, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Matthias Papra, and Felix
    N. Büchi. “Experimental Investigation of the Propagation of Local Current Density
    Variations to Adjacent Cells in PEFC Stacks.” In <i>3rd International Conference
    on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology</i>, 763–65. ASMEDC, 2008. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116">https://doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116</a>.
  ieee: M. Santis, S. A. Freunberger, M. Papra, and F. N. Büchi, “Experimental investigation
    of the propagation of local current density variations to adjacent cells in PEFC
    stacks,” in <i>3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering
    and Technology</i>, Ypsilanti, MI, United States, 2008, pp. 763–765.
  ista: Santis M, Freunberger SA, Papra M, Büchi FN. 2008. Experimental investigation
    of the propagation of local current density variations to adjacent cells in PEFC
    stacks. 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology.
    International conference on fuel cell science, engineering and technology, 763–765.
  mla: Santis, Marco, et al. “Experimental Investigation of the Propagation of Local
    Current Density Variations to Adjacent Cells in PEFC Stacks.” <i>3rd International
    Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology</i>, ASMEDC, 2008,
    pp. 763–65, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116">10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116</a>.
  short: M. Santis, S.A. Freunberger, M. Papra, F.N. Büchi, in:, 3rd International
    Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, ASMEDC, 2008, pp.
    763–765.
conference:
  end_date: 2005-05-25
  location: Ypsilanti, MI, United States
  name: International conference on fuel cell science, engineering and technology
  start_date: 2005-05-23
date_created: 2020-01-31T10:14:45Z
date_published: 2008-10-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:33Z
day: '13'
doi: 10.1115/fuelcell2005-74116
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 763-765
publication: 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '0791837645'
  - '0791837572'
publication_status: published
publisher: ASMEDC
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Experimental investigation of the propagation of local current density variations
  to adjacent cells in PEFC stacks
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '753'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'This paper addresses the following question: what is the minimum-sized synchronous
    window needed to solve consensus in an otherwise asynchronous system? In answer
    to this question, we present the first optimally-resilient algorithm ASAP that
    solves consensus as soon as possible in an eventually synchronous system, i.e.,
    a system that from some time GST onwards, delivers messages in a timely fashion.
    ASAP guarantees that, in an execution with at most f failures, every process decides
    no later than round GST + f + 2, which is optimal.'
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
- first_name: Seth
  full_name: Gilbert, Seth
  last_name: Gilbert
- first_name: Rachid
  full_name: Guerraoui, Rachid
  last_name: Guerraoui
- first_name: Corentin
  full_name: Travers, Corentin
  last_name: Travers
citation:
  ama: 'Alistarh D-A, Gilbert S, Guerraoui R, Travers C. How to solve consensus in
    the smallest window of synchrony. In: Vol 5218 LNCS. Springer; 2008:32-46. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3">10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3</a>'
  apa: 'Alistarh, D.-A., Gilbert, S., Guerraoui, R., &#38; Travers, C. (2008). How
    to solve consensus in the smallest window of synchrony (Vol. 5218 LNCS, pp. 32–46).
    Presented at the DISC: Distributed Computing, Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3</a>'
  chicago: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, Seth Gilbert, Rachid Guerraoui, and Corentin Travers.
    “How to Solve Consensus in the Smallest Window of Synchrony,” 5218 LNCS:32–46.
    Springer, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3</a>.
  ieee: 'D.-A. Alistarh, S. Gilbert, R. Guerraoui, and C. Travers, “How to solve consensus
    in the smallest window of synchrony,” presented at the DISC: Distributed Computing,
    2008, vol. 5218 LNCS, pp. 32–46.'
  ista: 'Alistarh D-A, Gilbert S, Guerraoui R, Travers C. 2008. How to solve consensus
    in the smallest window of synchrony. DISC: Distributed Computing, LNCS, vol. 5218
    LNCS, 32–46.'
  mla: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, et al. <i>How to Solve Consensus in the Smallest Window
    of Synchrony</i>. Vol. 5218 LNCS, Springer, 2008, pp. 32–46, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3">10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3</a>.
  short: D.-A. Alistarh, S. Gilbert, R. Guerraoui, C. Travers, in:, Springer, 2008,
    pp. 32–46.
conference:
  name: 'DISC: Distributed Computing'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:19Z
date_published: 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:10:13Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-87779-0_3
extern: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 32 - 46
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '6904'
status: public
title: How to solve consensus in the smallest window of synchrony
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5218 LNCS
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '7752'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Matthew Richard
  full_name: Robinson, Matthew Richard
  id: E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425
  last_name: Robinson
  orcid: 0000-0001-8982-8813
- first_name: Jill G.
  full_name: Pilkington, Jill G.
  last_name: Pilkington
- first_name: Tim H.
  full_name: Clutton-Brock, Tim H.
  last_name: Clutton-Brock
- first_name: Josephine M.
  full_name: Pemberton, Josephine M.
  last_name: Pemberton
- first_name: Loeske. E.B.
  full_name: Kruuk, Loeske. E.B.
  last_name: Kruuk
citation:
  ama: Robinson MR, Pilkington JG, Clutton-Brock TH, Pemberton JM, Kruuk LEB. Environmental
    heterogeneity generates fluctuating selection on a secondary sexual trait. <i>Current
    Biology</i>. 2008;18(10):751-757. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059">10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059</a>
  apa: Robinson, M. R., Pilkington, J. G., Clutton-Brock, T. H., Pemberton, J. M.,
    &#38; Kruuk, L. E. B. (2008). Environmental heterogeneity generates fluctuating
    selection on a secondary sexual trait. <i>Current Biology</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059</a>
  chicago: Robinson, Matthew Richard, Jill G. Pilkington, Tim H. Clutton-Brock, Josephine
    M. Pemberton, and Loeske. E.B. Kruuk. “Environmental Heterogeneity Generates Fluctuating
    Selection on a Secondary Sexual Trait.” <i>Current Biology</i>. Elsevier, 2008.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059</a>.
  ieee: M. R. Robinson, J. G. Pilkington, T. H. Clutton-Brock, J. M. Pemberton, and
    L. E. B. Kruuk, “Environmental heterogeneity generates fluctuating selection on
    a secondary sexual trait,” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 18, no. 10. Elsevier,
    pp. 751–757, 2008.
  ista: Robinson MR, Pilkington JG, Clutton-Brock TH, Pemberton JM, Kruuk LEB. 2008.
    Environmental heterogeneity generates fluctuating selection on a secondary sexual
    trait. Current Biology. 18(10), 751–757.
  mla: Robinson, Matthew Richard, et al. “Environmental Heterogeneity Generates Fluctuating
    Selection on a Secondary Sexual Trait.” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 18, no. 10,
    Elsevier, 2008, pp. 751–57, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059">10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059</a>.
  short: M.R. Robinson, J.G. Pilkington, T.H. Clutton-Brock, J.M. Pemberton, L.E.B.
    Kruuk, Current Biology 18 (2008) 751–757.
date_created: 2020-04-30T11:02:13Z
date_published: 2008-05-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:15:17Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.059
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        18'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 751-757
publication: Current Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0960-9822
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Environmental heterogeneity generates fluctuating selection on a secondary
  sexual trait
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 18
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1717'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Two key processes are in the basis of morphogenesis: the spatial allocation
    of cell types in fields of naïve cells and the regulation of growth. Both are
    controlled by morphogens, which activate target genes in the growing tissue in
    a concentration-dependent manner. Thus the morphogen model is an intrinsically
    quantitative concept. However, quantitative studies were performed only in recent
    years on two morphogens: Bicoid and Decapentaplegic. This review covers quantitative
    aspects of the formation and precision of the Decapentaplegic morphogen gradient.
    The morphogen gradient concept is transitioning from a soft definition to a precise
    idea of what the gradient could really do.'
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the University of Geneva, Max Planck Society,
  VW, EU, SNF, and HFSP
author:
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Anna Kicheva
  id: 3959A2A0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kicheva
  orcid: 0000-0003-4509-4998
- first_name: Marcos
  full_name: González-Gaitán, Marcos A
  last_name: González Gaitán
citation:
  ama: Kicheva A, González Gaitán M. The Decapentaplegic morphogen gradient a precise
    definition. <i>Current Opinion in Cell Biology</i>. 2008;20(2):137-143. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008">10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008</a>
  apa: Kicheva, A., &#38; González Gaitán, M. (2008). The Decapentaplegic morphogen
    gradient a precise definition. <i>Current Opinion in Cell Biology</i>. Elsevier.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008</a>
  chicago: Kicheva, Anna, and Marcos González Gaitán. “The Decapentaplegic Morphogen
    Gradient a Precise Definition.” <i>Current Opinion in Cell Biology</i>. Elsevier,
    2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008</a>.
  ieee: A. Kicheva and M. González Gaitán, “The Decapentaplegic morphogen gradient
    a precise definition,” <i>Current Opinion in Cell Biology</i>, vol. 20, no. 2.
    Elsevier, pp. 137–143, 2008.
  ista: Kicheva A, González Gaitán M. 2008. The Decapentaplegic morphogen gradient
    a precise definition. Current Opinion in Cell Biology. 20(2), 137–143.
  mla: Kicheva, Anna, and Marcos González Gaitán. “The Decapentaplegic Morphogen Gradient
    a Precise Definition.” <i>Current Opinion in Cell Biology</i>, vol. 20, no. 2,
    Elsevier, 2008, pp. 137–43, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008">10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008</a>.
  short: A. Kicheva, M. González Gaitán, Current Opinion in Cell Biology 20 (2008)
    137–143.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:38Z
date_published: 2008-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:44Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.008
extern: 1
intvolume: '        20'
issue: '2'
month: '04'
page: 137 - 143
publication: Current Opinion in Cell Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '5412'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: The Decapentaplegic morphogen gradient a precise definition
type: journal_article
volume: 20
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1719'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study the mechanics of tissue growth via cell division and cell death (apoptosis).
    The rearrangements of cells can on large scales and times be captured by a continuum
    theory which describes the tissue as an effective viscous material with active
    stresses generated by cell division. We study the effects of anisotropies of cell
    division on cell rearrangements and show that average cellular trajectories exhibit
    anisotropic scaling behaviors. If cell division and apoptosis balance, there is
    no net growth, but for anisotropic cell division the tissue undergoes spontaneous
    shear deformations. Our description is relevant for the study of developing tissues
    such as the imaginal disks of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which grow
    anisotropically.
author:
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Bittig, Thomas
  last_name: Bittig
- first_name: Ortrud
  full_name: Wartlick, Ortrud
  last_name: Wartlick
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Anna Kicheva
  id: 3959A2A0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kicheva
  orcid: 0000-0003-4509-4998
- first_name: Marcos
  full_name: González-Gaitárr, Marcos
  last_name: González Gaitárr
- first_name: Frank
  full_name: Julicher, Frank
  last_name: Julicher
citation:
  ama: Bittig T, Wartlick O, Kicheva A, González Gaitárr M, Julicher F. Dynamics of
    anisotropic tissue growth. <i>New Journal of Physics</i>. 2008;10. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001">10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001</a>
  apa: Bittig, T., Wartlick, O., Kicheva, A., González Gaitárr, M., &#38; Julicher,
    F. (2008). Dynamics of anisotropic tissue growth. <i>New Journal of Physics</i>.
    IOP Publishing Ltd. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001">https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001</a>
  chicago: Bittig, Thomas, Ortrud Wartlick, Anna Kicheva, Marcos González Gaitárr,
    and Frank Julicher. “Dynamics of Anisotropic Tissue Growth.” <i>New Journal of
    Physics</i>. IOP Publishing Ltd., 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001">https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001</a>.
  ieee: T. Bittig, O. Wartlick, A. Kicheva, M. González Gaitárr, and F. Julicher,
    “Dynamics of anisotropic tissue growth,” <i>New Journal of Physics</i>, vol. 10.
    IOP Publishing Ltd., 2008.
  ista: Bittig T, Wartlick O, Kicheva A, González Gaitárr M, Julicher F. 2008. Dynamics
    of anisotropic tissue growth. New Journal of Physics. 10.
  mla: Bittig, Thomas, et al. “Dynamics of Anisotropic Tissue Growth.” <i>New Journal
    of Physics</i>, vol. 10, IOP Publishing Ltd., 2008, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001">10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001</a>.
  short: T. Bittig, O. Wartlick, A. Kicheva, M. González Gaitárr, F. Julicher, New
    Journal of Physics 10 (2008).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:39Z
date_published: 2008-06-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:44Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/10/6/063001
extern: 1
intvolume: '        10'
month: '06'
publication: New Journal of Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing Ltd.
publist_id: '5411'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Dynamics of anisotropic tissue growth
type: journal_article
volume: 10
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1749'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Scanning probe microscopy; Semiconductor quantum dots; Composition gradients;
    Composition profiles; Nanotomography; Single quantum dots; Strained sige/si; Three-dimensional
    (3D); Wet-chemical etchings; X-ray scattering measurements; quantum dot; methodology;
    nanotechnology; optical tomography; scanning probe microscopy; three dimensional
    imaging; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Scanning Probe;
    Nanotechnology; Quantum Dots; Tomography,
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the BMBF (No. 03N8711) and the EU project
  D-DotFET (No. 012150)
author:
- first_name: Armando
  full_name: Rastelli, Armando
  last_name: Rastelli
- first_name: Mathieu
  full_name: Stoffel, Mathieu
  last_name: Stoffel
- first_name: Ângelo
  full_name: Malachias, Ângelo S
  last_name: Malachias
- first_name: Tsvetelina
  full_name: Merdzhanova, Tsvetelina
  last_name: Merdzhanova
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Georgios Katsaros
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
- first_name: Klaus
  full_name: Kern, Klaus
  last_name: Kern
- first_name: Till
  full_name: Metzger, Till H
  last_name: Metzger
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Schmidt, Oliver G
  last_name: Schmidt
citation:
  ama: Rastelli A, Stoffel M, Malachias Â, et al. Three-dimensional composition profiles
    of single quantum dots determined by scanning-probe-microscopy-based nanotomography.
    <i>Nano Letters</i>. 2008;8(5):1404-1409. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/nl080290y">10.1021/nl080290y</a>
  apa: Rastelli, A., Stoffel, M., Malachias, Â., Merdzhanova, T., Katsaros, G., Kern,
    K., … Schmidt, O. (2008). Three-dimensional composition profiles of single quantum
    dots determined by scanning-probe-microscopy-based nanotomography. <i>Nano Letters</i>.
    American Chemical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/nl080290y">https://doi.org/10.1021/nl080290y</a>
  chicago: Rastelli, Armando, Mathieu Stoffel, Ângelo Malachias, Tsvetelina Merdzhanova,
    Georgios Katsaros, Klaus Kern, Till Metzger, and Oliver Schmidt. “Three-Dimensional
    Composition Profiles of Single Quantum Dots Determined by Scanning-Probe-Microscopy-Based
    Nanotomography.” <i>Nano Letters</i>. American Chemical Society, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/nl080290y">https://doi.org/10.1021/nl080290y</a>.
  ieee: A. Rastelli <i>et al.</i>, “Three-dimensional composition profiles of single
    quantum dots determined by scanning-probe-microscopy-based nanotomography,” <i>Nano
    Letters</i>, vol. 8, no. 5. American Chemical Society, pp. 1404–1409, 2008.
  ista: Rastelli A, Stoffel M, Malachias Â, Merdzhanova T, Katsaros G, Kern K, Metzger
    T, Schmidt O. 2008. Three-dimensional composition profiles of single quantum dots
    determined by scanning-probe-microscopy-based nanotomography. Nano Letters. 8(5),
    1404–1409.
  mla: Rastelli, Armando, et al. “Three-Dimensional Composition Profiles of Single
    Quantum Dots Determined by Scanning-Probe-Microscopy-Based Nanotomography.” <i>Nano
    Letters</i>, vol. 8, no. 5, American Chemical Society, 2008, pp. 1404–09, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1021/nl080290y">10.1021/nl080290y</a>.
  short: A. Rastelli, M. Stoffel, Â. Malachias, T. Merdzhanova, G. Katsaros, K. Kern,
    T. Metzger, O. Schmidt, Nano Letters 8 (2008) 1404–1409.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:48Z
date_published: 2008-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:57Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1021/nl080290y
extern: 1
intvolume: '         8'
issue: '5'
month: '05'
page: 1404 - 1409
publication: Nano Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
publist_id: '5374'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Three-dimensional composition profiles of single quantum dots determined by
  scanning-probe-microscopy-based nanotomography
type: journal_article
volume: 8
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1751'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: When strained Stranski-Krastanow islands are used as &quot;self-assembled
    quantum dots,&quot; a key goal is to control the island position. Here we show
    that nanoscale grooves can control the nucleation of epitaxial Ge islands on Si(001),
    and can drive lateral motion of existing islands onto the grooves, even when the
    grooves are very narrow and shallow compared to the islands. A position centered
    on the groove minimizes energy. We use as prototype grooves the trenches which
    form naturally around islands. During coarsening, the shrinking islands move laterally
    to sit directly astride that trench. In subsequent growth, we demonstrate that
    islands nucleate on the &quot;empty trenches&quot; which remain on the surface
    after complete dissolution of the original islands.
author:
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Georgios Katsaros
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
- first_name: Jerry
  full_name: Tersoff, Jerry
  last_name: Tersoff
- first_name: Mathieu
  full_name: Stoffel, Mathieu
  last_name: Stoffel
- first_name: Armando
  full_name: Rastelli, Armando
  last_name: Rastelli
- first_name: P
  full_name: Acosta-Diaz, P
  last_name: Acosta Diaz
- first_name: Gouranga
  full_name: Kar, Gouranga S
  last_name: Kar
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Costantini, Giovanni
  last_name: Costantini
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Schmidt, Oliver G
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Klaus
  full_name: Kern, Klaus
  last_name: Kern
citation:
  ama: Katsaros G, Tersoff J, Stoffel M, et al. Positioning of strained islands by
    interaction with surface nanogrooves. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2008;101(9).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103">10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103</a>
  apa: Katsaros, G., Tersoff, J., Stoffel, M., Rastelli, A., Acosta Diaz, P., Kar,
    G., … Kern, K. (2008). Positioning of strained islands by interaction with surface
    nanogrooves. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103</a>
  chicago: Katsaros, Georgios, Jerry Tersoff, Mathieu Stoffel, Armando Rastelli, P
    Acosta Diaz, Gouranga Kar, Giovanni Costantini, Oliver Schmidt, and Klaus Kern.
    “Positioning of Strained Islands by Interaction with Surface Nanogrooves.” <i>Physical
    Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103</a>.
  ieee: G. Katsaros <i>et al.</i>, “Positioning of strained islands by interaction
    with surface nanogrooves,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 101, no. 9. American
    Physical Society, 2008.
  ista: Katsaros G, Tersoff J, Stoffel M, Rastelli A, Acosta Diaz P, Kar G, Costantini
    G, Schmidt O, Kern K. 2008. Positioning of strained islands by interaction with
    surface nanogrooves. Physical Review Letters. 101(9).
  mla: Katsaros, Georgios, et al. “Positioning of Strained Islands by Interaction
    with Surface Nanogrooves.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 101, no. 9, American
    Physical Society, 2008, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103">10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103</a>.
  short: G. Katsaros, J. Tersoff, M. Stoffel, A. Rastelli, P. Acosta Diaz, G. Kar,
    G. Costantini, O. Schmidt, K. Kern, Physical Review Letters 101 (2008).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:49Z
date_published: 2008-08-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:52:58Z
day: '29'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.096103
extern: 1
intvolume: '       101'
issue: '9'
month: '08'
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '5373'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Positioning of strained islands by interaction with surface nanogrooves
type: journal_article
volume: 101
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1763'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The field of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), traditionally studied in
    atomic systems, has gained new momentum by recent reports of quantum optical experiments
    with solid-state semiconducting and superconducting systems. In cavity QED, the
    observation of the vacuum Rabi mode splitting is used to investigate the nature
    of matter-light interaction at a quantum-mechanical level. However, this effect
    can, at least in principle, be explained classically as the normal mode splitting
    of two coupled linear oscillators. It has been suggested that an observation of
    the scaling of the resonant atom-photon coupling strength in the Jaynes-Cummings
    energy ladder with the square root of photon number n is sufficient to prove that
    the system is quantum mechanical in nature. Here we report a direct spectroscopic
    observation of this characteristic quantum nonlinearity. Measuring the photonic
    degree of freedom of the coupled system, our measurements provide unambiguous
    spectroscopic evidence for the quantum nature of the resonant atom-field interaction
    in cavity QED. We explore atom-photon superposition states involving up to two
    photons, using a spectroscopic pump and probe technique. The experiments have
    been performed in a circuit QED set-up, in which very strong coupling is realized
    by the large dipole coupling strength and the long coherence time of a superconducting
    qubit embedded in a high-quality on-chip microwave cavity. Circuit QED systems
    also provide a natural quantum interface between flying qubits (photons) and stationary
    qubits for applications in quantum information processing and communication.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by SNF and ETHZ. P.J.L. was supported by
  the EU with an MC-EIF. A.B. was supported by NSERC, CIFAR and FQRNT
author:
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Johannes Fink
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
- first_name: M
  full_name: Göppl, M
  last_name: Göppl
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Baur, Matthias P
  last_name: Baur
- first_name: R
  full_name: Bianchetti, R
  last_name: Bianchetti
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Leek, Peter J
  last_name: Leek
- first_name: Alexandre
  full_name: Blais, Alexandre
  last_name: Blais
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Wallraff, Andreas
  last_name: Wallraff
citation:
  ama: Fink JM, Göppl M, Baur M, et al. Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings ladder and observing
    its √n nonlinearity in a cavity QED system. <i>Nature</i>. 2008;454(7202):315-318.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07112">10.1038/nature07112</a>
  apa: Fink, J. M., Göppl, M., Baur, M., Bianchetti, R., Leek, P., Blais, A., &#38;
    Wallraff, A. (2008). Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings ladder and observing its √n
    nonlinearity in a cavity QED system. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07112">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07112</a>
  chicago: Fink, Johannes M, M Göppl, Matthias Baur, R Bianchetti, Peter Leek, Alexandre
    Blais, and Andreas Wallraff. “Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings Ladder and Observing
    Its √n Nonlinearity in a Cavity QED System.” <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing
    Group, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07112">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07112</a>.
  ieee: J. M. Fink <i>et al.</i>, “Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings ladder and observing
    its √n nonlinearity in a cavity QED system,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 454, no. 7202.
    Nature Publishing Group, pp. 315–318, 2008.
  ista: Fink JM, Göppl M, Baur M, Bianchetti R, Leek P, Blais A, Wallraff A. 2008.
    Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings ladder and observing its √n nonlinearity in a cavity
    QED system. Nature. 454(7202), 315–318.
  mla: Fink, Johannes M., et al. “Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings Ladder and Observing
    Its √n Nonlinearity in a Cavity QED System.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 454, no. 7202,
    Nature Publishing Group, 2008, pp. 315–18, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07112">10.1038/nature07112</a>.
  short: J.M. Fink, M. Göppl, M. Baur, R. Bianchetti, P. Leek, A. Blais, A. Wallraff,
    Nature 454 (2008) 315–318.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:53Z
date_published: 2008-07-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:53:03Z
day: '17'
doi: 10.1038/nature07112
extern: 1
intvolume: '       454'
issue: '7202'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/0902.1827
month: '07'
oa: 1
page: 315 - 318
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '5358'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Climbing the Jaynes-Cummings ladder and observing its √n nonlinearity in a
  cavity QED system
type: journal_article
volume: 454
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1764'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Quantum theory predicts that empty space is not truly empty. Even in the absence
    of any particles or radiation, in pure vacuum, virtual particles are constantly
    created and annihilated. In an electromagnetic field, the presence of virtual
    photons manifests itself as a small renormalization of the energy of a quantum
    system, known as the Lamb shift. We present an experimental observation of the
    Lamb shift in a solid-state system. The strong dispersive coupling of a superconducting
    electronic circuit acting as a quantum bit (qubit) to the vacuum field in a transmission-line
    resonator leads to measurable Lamb shifts of up to 1.4% of the qubit transition
    frequency. The qubit is also observed to couple more strongly to the vacuum field
    than to a single photon inside the cavity, an effect that is explained by taking
    into account the limited anharmonicity of the higher excited qubit states.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation
  and ETHZ. P.J.L. was supported by the European Commission with a Marie Curie Intra-European
  Fellowship. A.B. was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
  Council of Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and Fonds Québécois
  de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies
author:
- first_name: A
  full_name: Fragner, A
  last_name: Fragner
- first_name: M
  full_name: Göppl, M
  last_name: Göppl
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Johannes Fink
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Baur, Matthias P
  last_name: Baur
- first_name: R
  full_name: Bianchetti, R
  last_name: Bianchetti
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Leek, Peter J
  last_name: Leek
- first_name: Alexandre
  full_name: Blais, Alexandre
  last_name: Blais
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Wallraff, Andreas
  last_name: Wallraff
citation:
  ama: Fragner A, Göppl M, Fink JM, et al. Resolving vacuum fluctuations in an electrical
    circuit by measuring the lamb shift. <i>Science</i>. 2008;322(5906):1357-1360.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164482">10.1126/science.1164482</a>
  apa: Fragner, A., Göppl, M., Fink, J. M., Baur, M., Bianchetti, R., Leek, P., …
    Wallraff, A. (2008). Resolving vacuum fluctuations in an electrical circuit by
    measuring the lamb shift. <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement
    of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164482">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164482</a>
  chicago: Fragner, A, M Göppl, Johannes M Fink, Matthias Baur, R Bianchetti, Peter
    Leek, Alexandre Blais, and Andreas Wallraff. “Resolving Vacuum Fluctuations in
    an Electrical Circuit by Measuring the Lamb Shift.” <i>Science</i>. American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164482">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164482</a>.
  ieee: A. Fragner <i>et al.</i>, “Resolving vacuum fluctuations in an electrical
    circuit by measuring the lamb shift,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 322, no. 5906. American
    Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 1357–1360, 2008.
  ista: Fragner A, Göppl M, Fink JM, Baur M, Bianchetti R, Leek P, Blais A, Wallraff
    A. 2008. Resolving vacuum fluctuations in an electrical circuit by measuring the
    lamb shift. Science. 322(5906), 1357–1360.
  mla: Fragner, A., et al. “Resolving Vacuum Fluctuations in an Electrical Circuit
    by Measuring the Lamb Shift.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 322, no. 5906, American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2008, pp. 1357–60, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164482">10.1126/science.1164482</a>.
  short: A. Fragner, M. Göppl, J.M. Fink, M. Baur, R. Bianchetti, P. Leek, A. Blais,
    A. Wallraff, Science 322 (2008) 1357–1360.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:53Z
date_published: 2008-11-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:53:03Z
day: '28'
doi: 10.1126/science.1164482
extern: 1
intvolume: '       322'
issue: '5906'
month: '11'
page: 1357 - 1360
publication: Science
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
publist_id: '5357'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Resolving vacuum fluctuations in an electrical circuit by measuring the lamb
  shift
type: journal_article
volume: 322
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1765'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: High quality on-chip microwave resonators have recently found prominent new
    applications in quantum optics and quantum information processing experiments
    with superconducting electronic circuits, a field now known as circuit quantum
    electrodynamics (QED). They are also used as single photon detectors and parametric
    amplifiers. Here we analyze the physical properties of coplanar waveguide resonators
    and their relation to the materials properties for use in circuit QED. We have
    designed and fabricated resonators with fundamental frequencies from 2 to 9 GHz
    and quality factors ranging from a few hundreds to a several hundred thousands
    controlled by appropriately designed input and output coupling capacitors. The
    microwave transmission spectra measured at temperatures of 20 mK are shown to
    be in good agreement with theoretical lumped element and distributed element transmission
    matrix models. In particular, the experimentally determined resonance frequencies,
    quality factors, and insertion losses are fully and consistently explained by
    the two models for all measured devices. The high level of control and flexibility
    in design renders these resonators ideal for storing and manipulating quantum
    electromagnetic fields in integrated superconducting electronic circuits.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by Swiss National Fund (SNF) and ETH Zürich.
  P.J.L. was supported by the EC with a MC-EIF
author:
- first_name: M
  full_name: Göppl, M
  last_name: Göppl
- first_name: A
  full_name: Fragner, A
  last_name: Fragner
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Baur, Matthias P
  last_name: Baur
- first_name: R
  full_name: Bianchetti, R
  last_name: Bianchetti
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Filipp, Stefan
  last_name: Filipp
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Johannes Fink
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Leek, Peter J
  last_name: Leek
- first_name: G
  full_name: Puebla, G
  last_name: Puebla
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Steffen, L. Kraig
  last_name: Steffen
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Wallraff, Andreas
  last_name: Wallraff
citation:
  ama: Göppl M, Fragner A, Baur M, et al. Coplanar waveguide resonators for circuit
    quantum electrodynamics. <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>. 2008;104(11). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3010859">10.1063/1.3010859</a>
  apa: Göppl, M., Fragner, A., Baur, M., Bianchetti, R., Filipp, S., Fink, J. M.,
    … Wallraff, A. (2008). Coplanar waveguide resonators for circuit quantum electrodynamics.
    <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>. American Institute of Physics. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3010859">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3010859</a>
  chicago: Göppl, M, A Fragner, Matthias Baur, R Bianchetti, Stefan Filipp, Johannes
    M Fink, Peter Leek, G Puebla, L. Steffen, and Andreas Wallraff. “Coplanar Waveguide
    Resonators for Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics.” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>.
    American Institute of Physics, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3010859">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3010859</a>.
  ieee: M. Göppl <i>et al.</i>, “Coplanar waveguide resonators for circuit quantum
    electrodynamics,” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, vol. 104, no. 11. American
    Institute of Physics, 2008.
  ista: Göppl M, Fragner A, Baur M, Bianchetti R, Filipp S, Fink JM, Leek P, Puebla
    G, Steffen L, Wallraff A. 2008. Coplanar waveguide resonators for circuit quantum
    electrodynamics. Journal of Applied Physics. 104(11).
  mla: Göppl, M., et al. “Coplanar Waveguide Resonators for Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics.”
    <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, vol. 104, no. 11, American Institute of Physics,
    2008, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3010859">10.1063/1.3010859</a>.
  short: M. Göppl, A. Fragner, M. Baur, R. Bianchetti, S. Filipp, J.M. Fink, P. Leek,
    G. Puebla, L. Steffen, A. Wallraff, Journal of Applied Physics 104 (2008).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:53:53Z
date_published: 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:53:03Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1063/1.3010859
extern: 1
intvolume: '       104'
issue: '11'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/0807.4094
month: '01'
oa: 1
publication: Journal of Applied Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: American Institute of Physics
publist_id: '5355'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Coplanar waveguide resonators for circuit quantum electrodynamics
type: journal_article
volume: 104
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '1826'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Proliferating cell populations at steady-state growth often exhibit broad
    protein distributions with exponential tails. The sources of this variation and
    its universality are of much theoretical interest. Here we address the problem
    by asymptotic analysis of the population balance equation. We show that the steady-state
    distribution tail is determined by a combination of protein production and cell
    division and is insensitive to other model details. Under general conditions this
    tail is exponential with a dependence on parameters consistent with experiment.
    We discuss the conditions for this effect to be dominant over other sources of
    variation and the relation to experiments.
author:
- first_name: Tamar
  full_name: Tamar Friedlander
  id: 36A5845C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friedlander
- first_name: Naama
  full_name: Brenner, Naama
  last_name: Brenner
citation:
  ama: Friedlander T, Brenner N. Cellular properties and population asymptotics in
    the population balance equation. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2008;101(1).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104">10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104</a>
  apa: Friedlander, T., &#38; Brenner, N. (2008). Cellular properties and population
    asymptotics in the population balance equation. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>.
    American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104</a>
  chicago: Friedlander, Tamar, and Naama Brenner. “Cellular Properties and Population
    Asymptotics in the Population Balance Equation.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>.
    American Physical Society, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104</a>.
  ieee: T. Friedlander and N. Brenner, “Cellular properties and population asymptotics
    in the population balance equation,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 101,
    no. 1. American Physical Society, 2008.
  ista: Friedlander T, Brenner N. 2008. Cellular properties and population asymptotics
    in the population balance equation. Physical Review Letters. 101(1).
  mla: Friedlander, Tamar, and Naama Brenner. “Cellular Properties and Population
    Asymptotics in the Population Balance Equation.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>,
    vol. 101, no. 1, American Physical Society, 2008, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104">10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104</a>.
  short: T. Friedlander, N. Brenner, Physical Review Letters 101 (2008).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:13Z
date_published: 2008-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:53:27Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.018104
extern: 1
intvolume: '       101'
issue: '1'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '0'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.4804
month: '07'
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '5280'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Cellular properties and population asymptotics in the population balance equation
type: journal_article
volume: 101
year: '2008'
...
