[{"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:08Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","intvolume":" 62","title":"Review of "The causes of molecular evolution" by J.H. Gillespie","month":"01","_id":"4302","publication":"Genetical Research","issue":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","quality_controlled":"1","page":"77 - 85","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6723"]},"day":"01","doi":"10.1017/S001667230003158X ","publist_id":"1763","citation":{"apa":"Barton, N. H. (1993). Review of "The causes of molecular evolution" by J.H. Gillespie. Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001667230003158X ","ama":"Barton NH. Review of "The causes of molecular evolution" by J.H. Gillespie. Genetical Research. 1993;62(1):77-85. doi:10.1017/S001667230003158X ","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Review of "The Causes of Molecular Evolution" by J.H. Gillespie.” Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001667230003158X .","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “Review of "The causes of molecular evolution" by J.H. Gillespie,” Genetical Research, vol. 62, no. 1. Cambridge University Press, pp. 77–85, 1993.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Review of "The Causes of Molecular Evolution" by J.H. Gillespie.” Genetical Research, vol. 62, no. 1, Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 77–85, doi:10.1017/S001667230003158X .","short":"N.H. Barton, Genetical Research 62 (1993) 77–85.","ista":"Barton NH. 1993. Review of "The causes of molecular evolution" by J.H. Gillespie. Genetical Research. 62(1), 77–85."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-03-23T16:05:31Z","type":"review","date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/genetics-research/article/causes-of-molecular-evolution-by-john-h-gillespie-oxford-university-press-1992-336-pages-price-2500-isbn-0-19-506883-1/FF2B56D0B883F340BEC4E3C068F89F6C"}],"volume":62,"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","extern":"1"},{"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/genetics-research/article/probability-of-fixation-of-a-favoured-allele-in-a-subdivided-population/3257B4AEC7044AFE40436C2DC15FBC4C#article"}],"status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","date_published":"1993-10-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6723"]},"publist_id":"1762","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Genetics Research","oa_version":"None","month":"10","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by grants from the SERC (GR/H/09928) and NERC (GR/3/8002), and by the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh. Thanks are due to B. Nürnberger for convincing me that population structure does reduce fixation probability, to M. Whitlock for discussions on calculations of effective population size, and to W. G. Hill, P. Keightley and the anonymous referees for their comments.","volume":62,"extern":"1","date_updated":"2022-03-23T15:41:32Z","citation":{"apa":"Barton, N. H. (1993). The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided population. Genetics Research. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016672300031748","ama":"Barton NH. The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided population. Genetics Research. 1993;62(2):149-158. doi:10.1017/S0016672300031748","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided population,” Genetics Research, vol. 62, no. 2. Cambridge University Press, pp. 149–158, 1993.","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “The Probability of Fixation of a Favoured Allele in a Subdivided Population.” Genetics Research. Cambridge University Press, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016672300031748.","short":"N.H. Barton, Genetics Research 62 (1993) 149–158.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “The Probability of Fixation of a Favoured Allele in a Subdivided Population.” Genetics Research, vol. 62, no. 2, Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 149–58, doi:10.1017/S0016672300031748.","ista":"Barton NH. 1993. The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided population. Genetics Research. 62(2), 149–158."},"year":"1993","doi":"10.1017/S0016672300031748","day":"01","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In a stably subdivided population with symmetric migration, the chance that a favoured allele will be fixed is independent of population structure. However, random extinction introduces an extra component of sampling drift, and reduces the probability of fixation. In this paper, the fixation probability is calculated using the diffusion approximation; comparison with exact solution of the discrete model shows this to be accurate. The key parameters are the rates of selection, migration and extinction, scaled relative to population size (S = 4Ns, M = 4Nm, Λ = 4Nλ); results apply to a haploid model, or to diploids with additive selection. If new colonies derive from many demes, the fixation probability cannot be reduced by more than half. However, if colonies are initially homogeneous, fixation probability can be much reduced. In the limit of low migration and extinction rates (M, Λ 1), it is 2s/{1 + (Λ/MS)(1 −exp(−S))}, whilst in the opposite limit (S 1), it is 4sM/{Λ(Λ + M)}. In the limit of weak selection (M, Λ 1), it is 4sM/{Λ(Λ + M)}. These factors are not the same as the reduction in effective population size (Ne/N), showing that the effects of population structure on selected alleles cannot be understood from the behaviour of neutral markers."}],"page":"149 - 158","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","article_type":"original","_id":"4303","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"issue":"2","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:09Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"The probability of fixation of a favoured allele in a subdivided population","intvolume":" 62"},{"quality_controlled":"1","page":"797 - 799","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Cell Press","article_type":"letter_note","_id":"4304","publication":"Current Biology","issue":"11","author":[{"id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:09Z","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 3","month":"11","title":"Why species and subspecies?","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/096098229390036N?via%3Dihub"}],"volume":3,"status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","extern":"1","year":"1993","citation":{"ama":"Barton NH. Why species and subspecies? Current Biology. 1993;3(11):797-799. doi:10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N","apa":"Barton, N. H. (1993). Why species and subspecies? Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “Why species and subspecies?,” Current Biology, vol. 3, no. 11. Cell Press, pp. 797–799, 1993.","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Why Species and Subspecies?” Current Biology. Cell Press, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N.","short":"N.H. Barton, Current Biology 3 (1993) 797–799.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Why Species and Subspecies?” Current Biology, vol. 3, no. 11, Cell Press, 1993, pp. 797–99, doi:10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N.","ista":"Barton NH. 1993. Why species and subspecies? Current Biology. 3(11), 797–799."},"date_updated":"2022-03-23T13:19:21Z","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-11-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0960-9822"]},"day":"01","doi":"10.1016/0960-9822(93)90036-N","publist_id":"1761"},{"abstract":[{"text":"We propose a formal framework for designing hybrid systems by stepwise refinement. Starting with a specification in hybrid temporal logic, we make successively more transitions explicit until we obtain an executable system.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"01","doi":"10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24","citation":{"ieee":"T. A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, and A. Pnueli, “Towards refining temporal specifications into hybrid systems,” in International Hybrid Systems Workshop, 1993, vol. 736, pp. 60–76.","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, Zohar Manna, and Amir Pnueli. “Towards Refining Temporal Specifications into Hybrid Systems.” In International Hybrid Systems Workshop, edited by Robert Grossman, Anil Nerode, Anders Ravn, and Hans Rischel, 736:60–76. Springer, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., Manna, Z., & Pnueli, A. (1993). Towards refining temporal specifications into hybrid systems. In R. Grossman, A. Nerode, A. Ravn, & H. Rischel (Eds.), International Hybrid Systems Workshop (Vol. 736, pp. 60–76). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24","ama":"Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. Towards refining temporal specifications into hybrid systems. In: Grossman R, Nerode A, Ravn A, Rischel H, eds. International Hybrid Systems Workshop. Vol 736. Springer; 1993:60-76. doi:10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24","ista":"Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. 1993. Towards refining temporal specifications into hybrid systems. International Hybrid Systems Workshop. International Hybrid Systems Workshop, LNCS, vol. 736, 60–76.","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Towards Refining Temporal Specifications into Hybrid Systems.” International Hybrid Systems Workshop, edited by Robert Grossman et al., vol. 736, Springer, 1993, pp. 60–76, doi:10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24.","short":"T.A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, A. Pnueli, in:, R. Grossman, A. Nerode, A. Ravn, H. Rischel (Eds.), International Hybrid Systems Workshop, Springer, 1993, pp. 60–76."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-03-23T13:13:46Z","extern":"1","volume":736,"acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants CCR-92-00794 and CCR-92-23226, by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract NAG2-703, by the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contracts F49620-93-1-0056 and F49620-93-1-0139, and by the European Community ESPRIT Basic Research Action Project 6021 (REACT).","intvolume":" 736","title":"Towards refining temporal specifications into hybrid systems","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:12Z","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Zohar","last_name":"Manna","full_name":"Manna, Zohar"},{"full_name":"Pnueli, Amir","first_name":"Amir","last_name":"Pnueli"}],"_id":"4506","editor":[{"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Grossman","full_name":"Grossman, Robert"},{"full_name":"Nerode, Anil","first_name":"Anil","last_name":"Nerode"},{"first_name":"Anders","last_name":"Ravn","full_name":"Ravn, Anders"},{"full_name":"Rischel, Hans","last_name":"Rischel","first_name":"Hans"}],"publisher":"Springer","quality_controlled":"1","page":"60 - 76","publist_id":"225","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-540-57318-0"]},"type":"conference","date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_24"}],"month":"01","oa_version":"None","publication":"International Hybrid Systems Workshop","conference":{"name":"International Hybrid Systems Workshop"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"page":"169 - 179","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Elsevier","article_type":"original","_id":"2484","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Tanabe, Yasuto","first_name":"Yasuto","last_name":"Tanabe"},{"last_name":"Masu","first_name":"Masayuki","full_name":"Masu, Masayuki"},{"last_name":"Ishii","first_name":"Takahiro","full_name":"Ishii, Takahiro"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi"}],"issue":"1","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:57:56Z","title":"A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors","intvolume":" 8","volume":8,"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Noboru Mizuno for helpful discussion and Akira Uesugi for photographic assistance. This work was sup. ported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked \"advertisement\" in accordance with 18 USC Sec-tion 1734 solely to indicate this fact. ","extern":"1","date_updated":"2022-03-21T10:17:07Z","year":"1992","citation":{"ieee":"Y. Tanabe, M. Masu, T. Ishii, R. Shigemoto, and S. Nakanishi, “A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors,” Neuron, vol. 8, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 169–179, 1992.","chicago":"Tanabe, Yasuto, Masayuki Masu, Takahiro Ishii, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “A Family of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W.","ama":"Tanabe Y, Masu M, Ishii T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Neuron. 1992;8(1):169-179. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W","apa":"Tanabe, Y., Masu, M., Ishii, T., Shigemoto, R., & Nakanishi, S. (1992). A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W","ista":"Tanabe Y, Masu M, Ishii T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. 1992. A family of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Neuron. 8(1), 169–179.","mla":"Tanabe, Yasuto, et al. “A Family of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors.” Neuron, vol. 8, no. 1, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 169–79, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W.","short":"Y. Tanabe, M. Masu, T. Ishii, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, Neuron 8 (1992) 169–179."},"external_id":{"pmid":["1309649 "]},"doi":"10.1016/0896-6273(92)90118-W","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"Three cDNA clones, mGluR2, mGluR3, and mGluR4, were isolated from a rat brain cDNA library by cross-hybridization with the cDNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1). The cloned receptors show considerable sequence similarity with mGluR1 and possess a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative membrane-spanning segments. mGluR2 is expressed in some particular neuronal cells different from those expressing mGluR1 and mediates an efficient inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation in cDNA- transfected cells. The mGluRs thus form a novel family of G protein-coupled receptors that differ in their signal transduction and expression patterns.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Neuron","oa_version":"None","month":"01","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739290118W?via%3Dihub"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","date_published":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"publist_id":"4417"},{"volume":130,"extern":"1","doi":"10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"Endothelins (ETs) are very potent vasoconstrictive peptides and have diverse functions in both vascular and nonvascular tissues. This investigation concerns the tissue distribution and cellular localization of rat mRNAs encoding two different subtypes of ET receptors (ET(A) and ET(B)). We isolated 46 cDNA clones from a rat lung cDNA library by hybridization with the bovine ET(A) cDNA. The characterization of these cDNA clones indicated that they represent either the ET(A) or ET(B) cDNA. In situ and blot hybridization analyses revealed that the rat ET(A) mRNA is predominantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of a variety of tissues, bronchial smooth muscle cells, myocardium, and the pituitary gland. There is no significant expression of ET(B) mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells, and ET(A), thus, plays a primary role in ET-induced vascular contraction. ET(B) mRNA is more widely distributed in various cell types of many tissues. Its prominent expression is seen in glial cells throughout the brain regions, epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, ependymal cells lining the ventricle, myocardium, endothelial cells of glomeruli, and epithelial cells of the thin segments of Henle's loops. Our investigation demonstrates that the mRNAs for the two subtypes of rat ET receptors show specialized expression patterns of cell types in both brain and peripheral tissues.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-03-21T09:54:59Z","year":"1992","citation":{"chicago":"Hori, Seiji, Yasato Komatsu, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Distinct Tissue Distribution and Cellular Localization of Two Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Different Subtypes of Rat Endothelin Receptors.” Endocrinology. The Endocrine Society, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429.","ieee":"S. Hori, Y. Komatsu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors,” Endocrinology, vol. 130, no. 4. The Endocrine Society, pp. 1885–1895, 1992.","ama":"Hori S, Komatsu Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology. 1992;130(4):1885-1895. doi:10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429","apa":"Hori, S., Komatsu, Y., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., & Nakanishi, S. (1992). Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology. The Endocrine Society. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429","ista":"Hori S, Komatsu Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1992. Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors. Endocrinology. 130(4), 1885–1895.","mla":"Hori, Seiji, et al. “Distinct Tissue Distribution and Cellular Localization of Two Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Different Subtypes of Rat Endothelin Receptors.” Endocrinology, vol. 130, no. 4, The Endocrine Society, 1992, pp. 1885–95, doi:10.1210/endo.130.4.1312429.","short":"S. Hori, Y. Komatsu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Endocrinology 130 (1992) 1885–1895."},"external_id":{"pmid":["1312429"]},"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","article_type":"original","page":"1885 - 1895","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:57:56Z","title":"Distinct tissue distribution and cellular localization of two messenger ribonucleic acids encoding different subtypes of rat endothelin receptors","intvolume":" 130","pmid":1,"_id":"2485","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Hori, Seiji","last_name":"Hori","first_name":"Seiji"},{"full_name":"Komatsu, Yasato","last_name":"Komatsu","first_name":"Yasato"},{"id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru"},{"last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"}],"issue":"4","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/endo/article-abstract/130/4/1885/2535978"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0013-7227"]},"publist_id":"4416","date_published":"1992-04-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"04","publication":"Endocrinology"},{"article_type":"original","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","quality_controlled":"1","page":"121 - 135","intvolume":" 322","title":"Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:57:57Z","publication_status":"published","issue":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi"},{"last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru","full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru"}],"scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"2486","extern":"1","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help. This work was supported in part by research grants from Senri Life Science Foundation and the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.","volume":322,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1), which is linked to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis, was investigated in adult and developing rat central nervous system (CNS) by in situ hybridization. Transcripts of mGluR1 were specifically localized to neurons and widely distributed throughout the adult rat brain. Most intensely labeled neurons were Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb, and neurons in the hippocampus, lateral septum, thalamus, globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, ventral pallidum, magnocellular preoptic nucleus, substantia nigra, and dorsal cochlear nucleus. Moderately labeled neurons were seen in high density in the dentate gyrus, striatum, islands of Calleja, superficial layers of the retrosplenial, cingulate and entorhinal cortices, mammillary nuclei, red nucleus, and superior colliculus. In the developing rat brain, the level of mGluR1 expression gradually increased during early postnatal days in accordance with the maturation of neuronal elements. These results show prominent expression of mGluR1 in the major targets of putative glutamatergic pathways and unique distribution pattern of mGluR1 distinct from those reported for ionotropic subtypes of glutamate receptors, suggesting specific roles of mGluR1 in the glutamatergic system."}],"day":"01","doi":"10.1002/cne.903220110","external_id":{"pmid":["1430307"]},"citation":{"ista":"Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1992. Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 322(1), 121–135.","short":"R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 322 (1992) 121–135.","mla":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Distribution of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (MGluR1) in the Central Nervous System: An in Situ Hybridization Study in Adult and Developing Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 322, no. 1, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 121–35, doi:10.1002/cne.903220110.","ieee":"R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 322, no. 1. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 121–135, 1992.","chicago":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Distribution of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (MGluR1) in the Central Nervous System: An in Situ Hybridization Study in Adult and Developing Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110.","apa":"Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1992). Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903220110","ama":"Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) in the central nervous system: An in situ hybridization study in adult and developing rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1992;322(1):121-135. doi:10.1002/cne.903220110"},"year":"1992","date_updated":"2022-03-21T09:41:37Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"08","oa_version":"Published Version","publication":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.903220110"}],"publist_id":"4415","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-9967"]},"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1992-08-01T00:00:00Z"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Neuroscience Letters","month":"09","oa_version":"None","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030439409290756W"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1992-09-14T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"4368","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0304-3940"]},"quality_controlled":"1","page":"229 - 232","article_type":"original","publisher":"Elsevier","issue":"1-2","author":[{"first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Hitoshi","last_name":"Ohishi","full_name":"Ohishi, Hitoshi"},{"last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"},{"first_name":"Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno","full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru"}],"scopus_import":"1","_id":"2531","pmid":1,"intvolume":" 144","title":"Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:13Z","publication_status":"published","extern":"1","acknowledgement":"The photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi is gratefully acknowledged. This work has been supported by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.","volume":144,"external_id":{"pmid":["1436707"]},"year":"1992","citation":{"ista":"Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1992. Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience Letters. 144(1–2), 229–232.","mla":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Expression of the MRNA for the Rat NMDA Receptor (NMDAR1) in the Sensory and Autonomic Ganglion Neurons.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 144, no. 1–2, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 229–32, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W.","short":"R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 144 (1992) 229–232.","chicago":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Hitoshi Ohishi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Expression of the MRNA for the Rat NMDA Receptor (NMDAR1) in the Sensory and Autonomic Ganglion Neurons.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W.","ieee":"R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 144, no. 1–2. Elsevier, pp. 229–232, 1992.","apa":"Shigemoto, R., Ohishi, H., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1992). Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W","ama":"Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Expression of the mRNA for the rat NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) in the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience Letters. 1992;144(1-2):229-232. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W"},"date_updated":"2022-03-18T13:15:02Z","abstract":[{"text":"The distribution of NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) on neurons in the peripheral ganglia was examined in the adult rat by in situ hybridization. NMDAR1 mRNA was expressed in all neurons in the sensory and autonomic ganglia examined; in the dorsal root, trigeminal, nodose, superior cervical, and sphenopalatine ganglia. Possible roles of the NMDA receptor on the sensory and autonomic ganglion neurons are discussed.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"14","doi":"10.1016/0304-3940(92)90756-W"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"01","publication":"Cancer Research","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/52/14/3972/497930/Distribution-of-the-Glucose-Transporters-in-Human"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0008-5472"]},"publist_id":"4367","date_published":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publisher":"American Association for Cancer Research","article_type":"original","page":"3972 - 3979","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:13Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors","intvolume":" 52","pmid":1,"_id":"2532","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Nishioka, Tatsuya","first_name":"Tatsuya","last_name":"Nishioka"},{"full_name":"Oda, Yoshifumi","last_name":"Oda","first_name":"Yoshifumi"},{"last_name":"Seino","first_name":"Yutaka","full_name":"Seino, Yutaka"},{"last_name":"Yamamoto","first_name":"Taizo","full_name":"Yamamoto, Taizo"},{"first_name":"Nobuya","last_name":"Inagaki","full_name":"Inagaki, Nobuya"},{"last_name":"Yano","first_name":"Hideki","full_name":"Yano, Hideki"},{"first_name":"Hiroo","last_name":"Imura","full_name":"Imura, Hiroo"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Kikuchi","first_name":"Haruhiko","full_name":"Kikuchi, Haruhiko"}],"issue":"14","volume":52,"acknowledgement":"We wish to acknowledge generous donations of human samples by the following neurosurgeons: Drs. Taro Fukumitsu. Akinori Kondo, Toyoshiro Yamamoto, Juji Takeuchi, Junya Hanakita, Syunichi Yoneda, and Michio Nishikawa. We are very grateful to Dr. G. I. Bell (The University of Chicago) for providing the cDNA clones of GLUTI and GLUT3. We thank Drs. Yoshifumi Yokota, Yuichiro Yamada. and Manabu Fukumoto for their helpful advice. We also thank Yoshinobu Toda and Hiroko Sato for their expert technical assistance. Supported in part by Grants in Aids for Basic Research on Radiation Therapy (03151034) and Special Project Research on Cancer Bio-Science from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan, by Takeda Medical Foundation, and by Monbusho International Scientific Research: Joint Research.","extern":"1","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"In the present study, we have investigated the expression of both the erythrocyte-type (GLUT1) and the brain-type (GLUT3) glucose transporter isoforms in primary human brain tumors. In situ hybridization made it possible to localize and semiquantify both GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNAs of individual cells in all 18 samples examined. More signals for GLUT3 mRNA than for GLUT1 mRNA were found over astrocytoma cells, while the reverse was the case in all 6 meningiomas. In astrocytomas, for both mRNAs, the density of silver grains over tumor cells was well correlated with the malignancy of the cells. This correlation was, as was also confirmed by Northern blot analysis, more marked with GLUT3 mRNA than with GLUT1 mRNA. In 2 of 5 anaplastic astrocytomas and in all 3 glioblastomas, numerous tumor cells with large amounts of both mRNAs tended to surround the perivascular regions. 'Tumor vessels' with endothelial proliferation, an almost pathognomonic feature of glioblastomas, expressed much GLUT3 mRNA but no significant GLUT1 mRNA, while a single- or a few-layered capillary endothelium expressed much GLUT1 mRNA. The distribution of both mRNAs was in good accordance with that of both proteins. Our results suggest that the expression of both glucose transporter isoforms may contribute to the maintenance of human brain tumors and that the expression of the GLUT3 isoform may be closely related to the malignant change of astrocytomas and particularly related to the aberrant neovascularization which accompanies glioblastomas.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-03-17T15:38:42Z","citation":{"chicago":"Nishioka, Tatsuya, Yoshifumi Oda, Yutaka Seino, Taizo Yamamoto, Nobuya Inagaki, Hideki Yano, Hiroo Imura, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Haruhiko Kikuchi. “Distribution of the Glucose Transporters in Human Brain Tumors.” Cancer Research. American Association for Cancer Research, 1992.","ieee":"T. Nishioka et al., “Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors,” Cancer Research, vol. 52, no. 14. American Association for Cancer Research, pp. 3972–3979, 1992.","apa":"Nishioka, T., Oda, Y., Seino, Y., Yamamoto, T., Inagaki, N., Yano, H., … Kikuchi, H. (1992). Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors. Cancer Research. American Association for Cancer Research.","ama":"Nishioka T, Oda Y, Seino Y, et al. Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors. Cancer Research. 1992;52(14):3972-3979.","ista":"Nishioka T, Oda Y, Seino Y, Yamamoto T, Inagaki N, Yano H, Imura H, Shigemoto R, Kikuchi H. 1992. Distribution of the glucose transporters in human brain tumors. Cancer Research. 52(14), 3972–3979.","short":"T. Nishioka, Y. Oda, Y. Seino, T. Yamamoto, N. Inagaki, H. Yano, H. Imura, R. Shigemoto, H. Kikuchi, Cancer Research 52 (1992) 3972–3979.","mla":"Nishioka, Tatsuya, et al. “Distribution of the Glucose Transporters in Human Brain Tumors.” Cancer Research, vol. 52, no. 14, American Association for Cancer Research, 1992, pp. 3972–79."},"year":"1992","external_id":{"pmid":["1617673"]}},{"article_type":"original","publisher":"American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","page":"13361 - 13368","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction","intvolume":" 267","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:14Z","author":[{"full_name":"Abe, Takaaki","last_name":"Abe","first_name":"Takaaki"},{"full_name":"Sugihara, Hidemitsu","first_name":"Hidemitsu","last_name":"Sugihara"},{"full_name":"Nawa, Hiroyuki","first_name":"Hiroyuki","last_name":"Nawa"},{"id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444"},{"first_name":"Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno","full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru"},{"first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"}],"issue":"19","_id":"2533","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","extern":"1","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Seiji Ito for help of Ca2+ measurements and Akira Uesugi for photographic assistance.","volume":267,"abstract":[{"text":"A cDNA clone for a new metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, was isolated through polymerase chain reaction-mediated DNA amplification by using primer sequences conserved among the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) family and by the subsequent screening of a rat brain cDNA library. The cloned receptor consists of 1171 amino acid residues and exhibits a structural architecture common to the mGluR family, possessing a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative membrane-spanning segments. mGluR5 shows the highest sequence similarity to mGluR1 among the mGluR members and is coupled to the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis/ Ca2+ signal transduction in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the cloned cDNA. This receptor also resembles mGluR1 in its agonist selectivity and antagonist responses; the potency rank order of agonists for mGluR5 was determined to be quisqualate > L-glutamate ≥ ibotenate > trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate. Blot and in situ hybridization analyses indicated that mGluR5 mRNA is widely distributed in neuronal cells of the central nervous system and is expressed differently from mGluR1 mRNA in many brain regions. This investigation thus demonstrates that there is an additional mGluR subtype which closely resembles mGluR1 in its signal transduction and pharmacological properties and is expressed in specialized neuronal cells in the central nervous system.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3","day":"05","external_id":{"pmid":["1320017"]},"date_updated":"2022-03-17T15:08:29Z","year":"1992","citation":{"short":"T. Abe, H. Sugihara, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Journal of Biological Chemistry 267 (1992) 13361–13368.","mla":"Abe, Takaaki, et al. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR5 Coupled to Inositol Phosphate/Ca2+ Signal Transduction.” Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 267, no. 19, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1992, pp. 13361–68, doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3.","ista":"Abe T, Sugihara H, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1992. Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267(19), 13361–13368.","ama":"Abe T, Sugihara H, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1992;267(19):13361-13368. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3","apa":"Abe, T., Sugihara, H., Nawa, H., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., & Nakanishi, S. (1992). Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3","chicago":"Abe, Takaaki, Hidemitsu Sugihara, Hiroyuki Nawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR5 Coupled to Inositol Phosphate/Ca2+ Signal Transduction.” Journal of Biological Chemistry. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42219-3.","ieee":"T. Abe, H. Sugihara, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Molecular characterization of a novel metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 coupled to inositol phosphate/Ca2+ signal transduction,” Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 267, no. 19. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp. 13361–13368, 1992."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"07","oa_version":"Published Version","publication":"Journal of Biological Chemistry","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925818422193","open_access":"1"}],"publist_id":"4366","oa":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-9258"]},"date_published":"1992-07-05T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article"},{"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1992-04-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"publist_id":"4363","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739290101I?via%3Dihub"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication":"Neuron","oa_version":"None","month":"04","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1992","citation":{"ista":"Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Takahashi K, Nagata S. 1992. Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Neuron. 8(4), 811–819.","mla":"Ishihara, Takeshi, et al. “Functional Expression and Tissue Distribution of a Novel Receptor for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.” Neuron, vol. 8, no. 4, Elsevier, 1992, pp. 811–19, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I.","short":"T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, K. Takahashi, S. Nagata, Neuron 8 (1992) 811–819.","chicago":"Ishihara, Takeshi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Kensaku Mori, Kenji Takahashi, and Shigekazu Nagata. “Functional Expression and Tissue Distribution of a Novel Receptor for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I.","ieee":"T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, K. Takahashi, and S. Nagata, “Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide,” Neuron, vol. 8, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 811–819, 1992.","ama":"Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Takahashi K, Nagata S. Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Neuron. 1992;8(4):811-819. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I","apa":"Ishihara, T., Shigemoto, R., Mori, K., Takahashi, K., & Nagata, S. (1992). Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I"},"date_updated":"2022-03-17T13:33:07Z","external_id":{"pmid":["1314625"]},"day":"01","doi":"10.1016/0896-6273(92)90101-I","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a 28 amino acid peptide hormone, plays many physiological roles in the peripheral and central nerve systems. A functional cDNA clone of the VIP receptor was isolated from a rat lung cDNA library by cross-hybridization with the secretin receptor cDNA. VIP bound the cloned VIP receptor expressed in mouse COP cells and stimulated adenylate cyclase through the cloned receptor. The rat VIP receptor consists of 459 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 52,054 and contains seven transmembrane segments. It is structurally related to the secretin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone receptors, suggesting that they constitute a new subfamily of the G5 protein - coupled receptors. VIP receptor mRNA was detected in various rat tissues including liver, lung, intestines, and brain. In situ hybridization revealed that VIP receptor mRNA is widely distributed in neuronal cells of the adult rat brain, with a relatively high expression in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus."}],"acknowledgement":"We thank Drs. R. Yoshida, K. Katoh, and K. lmamura for help with the in situ hybridization, Dr. M. Nishizawa for discussion, and Ms. M. lkeda for secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part\r\nby the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.","volume":8,"extern":"1","scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"2534","issue":"4","author":[{"first_name":"Takeshi","last_name":"Ishihara","full_name":"Ishihara, Takeshi"},{"id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi"},{"first_name":"Kensaku","last_name":"Mori","full_name":"Mori, Kensaku"},{"full_name":"Takahashi, Kenji","first_name":"Kenji","last_name":"Takahashi"},{"full_name":"Nagata, Shigekazu","first_name":"Shigekazu","last_name":"Nagata"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:14Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 8","title":"Functional expression and tissue distribution of a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide","quality_controlled":"1","page":"811 - 819","publisher":"Elsevier","article_type":"original"},{"publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:15Z","title":"Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split","intvolume":" 6","_id":"2535","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Yoshiki","last_name":"Sasai","full_name":"Sasai, Yoshiki"},{"last_name":"Kageyama","first_name":"Ryoichiro","full_name":"Kageyama, Ryoichiro"},{"last_name":"Tagawa","first_name":"Yoshiaki","full_name":"Tagawa, Yoshiaki"},{"id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444"},{"first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"}],"issue":"12 B","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","article_type":"original","page":"2620 - 2634","quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"We report the molecular characterization of two novel rat helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins, designated HES-1 and HES-3, that show structural homology to the Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split [E(spl)] proteins, both of which are required for normal neurogenesis. HES-1 mRNA, expressed in various tissues of both embryos and adults, is present at a high level in the epithelial cells, including the embryonal neuroepithelial cells, as well as in the mesoderm-derived tissues such as the embryonal muscle. In contrast, HES-3 mRNA is produced exclusively in cerebellar Purkinje cells. HES-1 represses transcription by binding to the N box, which is a recognition sequence of E(spl) proteins. Interestingly, neither HES-1 nor HES-3 alone interacts efficiently with the E box, but each protein decreases the transcription induced by E-box-binding HLH activators such as E47. Furthermore, HES-1 also inhibits the functions of MyoD and MASH1 and effectively diminishes the myogenic conversion of C3H10T1/2 cells induced by MyoD. These results suggest that HES-1 may play an important role in mammalian development by negatively acting on the two different sequences while HES-3 acts as a repressor in a specific type of neurons.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-03-17T14:52:29Z","year":"1992","citation":{"ista":"Sasai Y, Kageyama R, Tagawa Y, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. 1992. Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split. Genes and Development. 6(12 B), 2620–2634.","short":"Y. Sasai, R. Kageyama, Y. Tagawa, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, Genes and Development 6 (1992) 2620–2634.","mla":"Sasai, Yoshiki, et al. “Two Mammalian Helix-Loop-Helix Factors Structurally Related to Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split.” Genes and Development, vol. 6, no. 12 B, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1992, pp. 2620–34, doi:10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620.","chicago":"Sasai, Yoshiki, Ryoichiro Kageyama, Yoshiaki Tagawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Two Mammalian Helix-Loop-Helix Factors Structurally Related to Drosophila Hairy and Enhancer of Split.” Genes and Development. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620.","ieee":"Y. Sasai, R. Kageyama, Y. Tagawa, R. Shigemoto, and S. Nakanishi, “Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split,” Genes and Development, vol. 6, no. 12 B. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, pp. 2620–2634, 1992.","ama":"Sasai Y, Kageyama R, Tagawa Y, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S. Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split. Genes and Development. 1992;6(12 B):2620-2634. doi:10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620","apa":"Sasai, Y., Kageyama, R., Tagawa, Y., Shigemoto, R., & Nakanishi, S. (1992). Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split. Genes and Development. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.6.12b.2620"},"external_id":{"pmid":["1340473"]},"acknowledgement":"We thank Professor Noboru Mizuno for his kind help with in situ hybridization experiments, Akira Uesugi and Dr. Chihiro\r\nAkazawa for photographic assistance, Drs. Elizabeth Knust and Jose A. Campos-Ortega for communicating their unpublished results, Dr. Shinji Fushiki for useful discussion, Dr. Mikio Nishizawa and Professor Shigekazu Nagata for pMNT, Dr. David Baltimore for the E47 expression vector, Drs. Yoichiro Nabeshima and Atsuko Fujisawa for the MyoD expression vector and the reporter plasmid with the MCK enhancer, and Dr. Makoto Ishibashi for his help in isolating the human E47 eDNA clone. This work was supported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan. The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked \"advertisement\" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. \r\n","volume":6,"extern":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"01","publication":"Genes and Development","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0890-9369"]},"oa":1,"publist_id":"4364","date_published":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"url":"http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/6/12b/2620","open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public"},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00052086"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0001-5954"]},"publist_id":"4182","date_published":"1992-03-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"03","publication":"Acta Mathematica Hungarica","volume":59,"extern":"1","doi":"10.1007/BF00052086","day":"01","date_updated":"2022-03-16T15:33:08Z","citation":{"chicago":"Erdös, László. “On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Power Sums of Complex Numbers.” Acta Mathematica Hungarica. Springer, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086.","ieee":"L. Erdös, “On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers,” Acta Mathematica Hungarica, vol. 59, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 11–24, 1992.","apa":"Erdös, L. (1992). On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers. Acta Mathematica Hungarica. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052086","ama":"Erdös L. On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers. Acta Mathematica Hungarica. 1992;59(1-2):11-24. doi:10.1007/BF00052086","ista":"Erdös L. 1992. On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers. Acta Mathematica Hungarica. 59(1–2), 11–24.","mla":"Erdös, László. “On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Power Sums of Complex Numbers.” Acta Mathematica Hungarica, vol. 59, no. 1–2, Springer, 1992, pp. 11–24, doi:10.1007/BF00052086.","short":"L. Erdös, Acta Mathematica Hungarica 59 (1992) 11–24."},"year":"1992","publisher":"Springer","article_type":"original","page":"11 - 24","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:13Z","title":"On some problems of P. Turán concerning power sums of complex numbers","intvolume":" 59","_id":"2714","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","full_name":"Erdös, László","first_name":"László","last_name":"Erdös"}],"issue":"1-2"},{"oa":1,"publist_id":"4170","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0010-3616"]},"date_published":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://projecteuclid.org/journals/communications-in-mathematical-physics/volume-143/issue-3/Central-limit-theorems-for-the-one-dimensional-Rayleigh-gas-with/cmp/1104249076.full","open_access":"1"}],"month":"01","oa_version":"Published Version","publication":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A version of the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas is considered: a point particle of mass M (molecule), confined to the unit interval [0,1], is surrounded by an infinite ideal gas of point particles of mass 1 (atoms). The molecule interacts with the atoms and with the walls via elastic collision. Central limit theorems are proved for a wide class of additive functionals of this system (e.g. the number of collisions with the walls and the total length of the molecular path)."}],"doi":"10.1007/BF02099260","day":"01","date_updated":"2022-03-16T14:24:12Z","year":"1992","citation":{"ista":"Erdös L, Tuyen D. 1992. Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 143(3), 451–466.","short":"L. Erdös, D. Tuyen, Communications in Mathematical Physics 143 (1992) 451–466.","mla":"Erdös, László, and Dao Tuyen. “Central Limit Theorems for the One-Dimensional Rayleigh Gas with Semipermeable Barriers.” Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 143, no. 3, Springer, 1992, pp. 451–66, doi:10.1007/BF02099260.","chicago":"Erdös, László, and Dao Tuyen. “Central Limit Theorems for the One-Dimensional Rayleigh Gas with Semipermeable Barriers.” Communications in Mathematical Physics. Springer, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260.","ieee":"L. Erdös and D. Tuyen, “Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers,” Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 143, no. 3. Springer, pp. 451–466, 1992.","apa":"Erdös, L., & Tuyen, D. (1992). Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099260","ama":"Erdös L, Tuyen D. Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 1992;143(3):451-466. doi:10.1007/BF02099260"},"extern":"1","acknowledgement":"The authors are very grateful to D. Szasz and A. Kramli for valuable discussions and their encouragement. We are also indebted to D. Dϋrr for his comments and suggestions.\r\n","volume":143,"title":"Central limit theorems for the one-dimensional Rayleigh gas with semipermeable barriers","intvolume":" 143","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:15Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","full_name":"Erdös, László","first_name":"László","last_name":"Erdös","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Tuyen, Dao","first_name":"Dao","last_name":"Tuyen"}],"issue":"3","_id":"2722","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Springer","page":"451 - 466","quality_controlled":"1"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The effects of ultra-low (10(-18)-10(-14) M) doses (ULD) of biologically active substances have been reviewed in terms of common regularities of ULD effects and peculiarities of action of various groups of compounds. The most common and at the same time paradoxical regularities of ULD action are bi- or polymodal patterns of dose dependence, absence or presence of an inverse effect at higher doses, and instability of ULD effect. Possible mechanisms of ULD action including the mechanism based on the adaptation theory are discussed."}],"day":"10","external_id":{"pmid":["1457592 "]},"year":"1992","citation":{"ieee":"L. A. Sazanov and S. Zaǐtsev, “Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms,” Biochemistry (Moscow), vol. 57, no. 10. Izdatel’stvo Nauka, pp. 1443–1460, 1992.","chicago":"Sazanov, Leonid A, and Sergei Zaǐtsev. “Effect of Superlow Doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of Biologically Active Substances: General Rules, Features, and Possible Mechanisms.” Biochemistry (Moscow). Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1992.","ama":"Sazanov LA, Zaǐtsev S. Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms. Biochemistry (Moscow). 1992;57(10):1443-1460.","apa":"Sazanov, L. A., & Zaǐtsev, S. (1992). Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms. Biochemistry (Moscow). Izdatel’stvo Nauka.","ista":"Sazanov LA, Zaǐtsev S. 1992. Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms. Biochemistry (Moscow). 57(10), 1443–1460.","short":"L.A. Sazanov, S. Zaǐtsev, Biochemistry (Moscow) 57 (1992) 1443–1460.","mla":"Sazanov, Leonid A., and Sergei Zaǐtsev. “Effect of Superlow Doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of Biologically Active Substances: General Rules, Features, and Possible Mechanisms.” Biochemistry (Moscow), vol. 57, no. 10, Izdatel’stvo Nauka, 1992, pp. 1443–60."},"date_updated":"2022-03-21T10:47:19Z","extern":"1","volume":57,"intvolume":" 57","title":"Effect of superlow doses (10(-18)-10-(-14) M) of biologically active substances: general rules, features, and possible mechanisms","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:51Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","issue":"10","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-0977-7989","full_name":"Sazanov, Leonid A","first_name":"Leonid A","last_name":"Sazanov","id":"338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Zaǐtsev","first_name":"Sergei","full_name":"Zaǐtsev, Sergei"}],"_id":"1945","pmid":1,"article_type":"original","publisher":"Izdatel'stvo Nauka","quality_controlled":"1","page":"1443 - 1460","publist_id":"5138","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0006-2979"]},"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1992-10-10T00:00:00Z","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://europepmc.org/article/med/1457592"}],"month":"10","oa_version":"None","publication":"Biochemistry (Moscow)","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"scopus_import":"1","_id":"4593","author":[{"full_name":"Alur, Rajeev","last_name":"Alur","first_name":"Rajeev"},{"full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:39Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 600","title":"Logics and models of real time: A survey","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"quality_controlled":"1","page":"74 - 106","publisher":"Springer","year":"1992","citation":{"ieee":"R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Logics and models of real time: A survey,” in REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, Mook, The Netherlands, 1992, vol. 600, pp. 74–106.","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Logics and Models of Real Time: A Survey.” In REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, 600:74–106. Springer, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984.","ama":"Alur R, Henzinger TA. Logics and models of real time: A survey. In: REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice. Vol 600. Springer; 1992:74-106. doi:10.1007/BFb0031984","apa":"Alur, R., & Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Logics and models of real time: A survey. In REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice (Vol. 600, pp. 74–106). Mook, The Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0031984","ista":"Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1992. Logics and models of real time: A survey. REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice. Workshop/School/Symposium of the REX Project, LNCS, vol. 600, 74–106.","mla":"Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Logics and Models of Real Time: A Survey.” REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, vol. 600, Springer, 1992, pp. 74–106, doi:10.1007/BFb0031984.","short":"R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice, Springer, 1992, pp. 74–106."},"date_updated":"2022-03-07T10:20:06Z","day":"01","doi":"10.1007/BFb0031984","abstract":[{"text":"We survey logic-based and automata-based languages and techniques for the specification and verification of real-time systems. In particular, we discuss three syntactic extensions of temporal logic: time-bounded operators, freeze quantification, and time variables. We also discuss the extension of finite-state machines with clocks and the extension of transition systems with time bounds on the transitions. All of the resulting notations can be interpreted over a variety of different models of time and computation, including linear and branching time, interleaving and true concurrency, discrete and continuous time. For each choice of syntax and semantics, we summarize the results that are known about expressive power, algorithmic finite-state verification, and deductive verification.","lang":"eng"}],"volume":600,"extern":"1","publication":"REX Workshop on Real Time: Theory in Practice","oa_version":"None","month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"conference":{"start_date":"1991-06-03","name":"Workshop/School/Symposium of the REX Project","location":"Mook, The Netherlands","end_date":"1991-06-07"},"type":"conference","date_published":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"114","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/BFb0031988#enumeration"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public"},{"page":"177 - 186","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"IEEE","conference":{"location":"Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America","end_date":"1992-10-27","start_date":"1992-10-24","name":"FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science"},"publication":"Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science","_id":"4594","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Alur, Rajeev","first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur"},{"first_name":"Thomas A","last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:39Z","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"01","title":"Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/267774"}],"extern":"1","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","date_updated":"2022-03-07T10:45:34Z","year":"1992","citation":{"mla":"Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Back to the Future: Towards a Theory of Timed Regular Languages.” Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, IEEE, 1992, pp. 177–86, doi:10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774.","short":"R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, IEEE, 1992, pp. 177–186.","ista":"Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1992. Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science, 177–186.","apa":"Alur, R., & Henzinger, T. A. (1992). Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (pp. 177–186). Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774","ama":"Alur R, Henzinger TA. Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. IEEE; 1992:177-186. doi:10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774","ieee":"R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Back to the future: Towards a theory of timed regular languages,” in Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America, 1992, pp. 177–186.","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Back to the Future: Towards a Theory of Timed Regular Languages.” In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 177–86. IEEE, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774."},"date_published":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","doi":"10.1109/SFCS.1992.267774","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"The authors introduce two-way timed automata-timed automata that can move back and forth while reading a timed word. Two-wayness in its unrestricted form leads, like nondeterminism, to the undecidability of language inclusion. However, if they restrict the number of times an input symbol may be revisited, then two-wayness is both harmless and desirable. The authors show that the resulting class of bounded two-way deterministic timed automata is closed under all boolean operations, has decidable (PSPACE-complete) emptiness and inclusion problems, and subsumes all decidable real-time logics we know. They obtain a strict hierarchy of real-time properties: deterministic timed automata can accept more languages as the bound on the number of times an input symbol may be revisited is increased. This hierarchy is also enforced by the number of alternations between past and future operators in temporal logic. The combination of the results leads to a decision procedure for a real-time logic with past operators\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"115"},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1317970"}],"status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","date_published":"1992-06-12T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0036-8075"]},"publist_id":"2918","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Science","oa_version":"None","month":"06","volume":256,"extern":"1","date_updated":"2022-03-16T13:24:52Z","year":"1992","citation":{"chicago":"Burnashev, Nail, Alla Khodorova, Peter M Jonas, P. Helm, William Wisden, Hannah Monyer, Peter Seeburg, and Bert Sakmann. “Calcium-Permeable AMPA-Kainate Receptors in Fusiform Cerebellar Glial Cells.” Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1317970.","ieee":"N. Burnashev et al., “Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar glial cells.,” Science, vol. 256, no. 5063. American Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 1566–1570, 1992.","apa":"Burnashev, N., Khodorova, A., Jonas, P. M., Helm, P., Wisden, W., Monyer, H., … Sakmann, B. (1992). Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar glial cells. Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1317970","ama":"Burnashev N, Khodorova A, Jonas PM, et al. Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar glial cells. Science. 1992;256(5063):1566-1570. doi:10.1126/science.1317970","ista":"Burnashev N, Khodorova A, Jonas PM, Helm P, Wisden W, Monyer H, Seeburg P, Sakmann B. 1992. Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar glial cells. Science. 256(5063), 1566–1570.","short":"N. Burnashev, A. Khodorova, P.M. Jonas, P. Helm, W. Wisden, H. Monyer, P. Seeburg, B. Sakmann, Science 256 (1992) 1566–1570.","mla":"Burnashev, Nail, et al. “Calcium-Permeable AMPA-Kainate Receptors in Fusiform Cerebellar Glial Cells.” Science, vol. 256, no. 5063, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1992, pp. 1566–70, doi:10.1126/science.1317970."},"external_id":{"pmid":["1317970"]},"doi":"10.1126/science.1317970","day":"12","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Glutamate-operated ion channels (GluR channels) of the L-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-kainate subtype are found in both neurons and glial cells of the central nervous system. These channels are assembled from the GluR-A, -B, -C, and -D subunits; channels containing a GluR-B subunit show an outwardly rectifying current-voltage relation and low calcium permeability, whereas channels lacking the GluR-B subunit are characterized by a doubly rectifying current-voltage relation and high calcium permeability. Most cell types in the central nervous system coexpress several subunits, including GluR-B. However, Bergmann glia in rat cerebellum do not express GluR-B subunit genes. In a subset of cultured cerebellar glial cells, likely derived from Bergmann glial cells. GluR channels exhibit doubly rectifying current-voltage relations and high calcium permeability, whereas GluR channels of cerebellar neurons have low calcium permeability. Thus, differential expression of the GluR-B subunit gene in neurons and glia is one mechanism by which functional properties of native GluR channels are regulated."}],"page":"1566 - 1570","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","article_type":"original","pmid":1,"_id":"3469","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Burnashev","first_name":"Nail","full_name":"Burnashev, Nail"},{"full_name":"Khodorova, Alla","last_name":"Khodorova","first_name":"Alla"},{"id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Peter M","last_name":"Jonas","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M"},{"last_name":"Helm","first_name":"P.","full_name":"Helm, P."},{"last_name":"Wisden","first_name":"William","full_name":"Wisden, William"},{"last_name":"Monyer","first_name":"Hannah","full_name":"Monyer, Hannah"},{"full_name":"Seeburg, Peter","last_name":"Seeburg","first_name":"Peter"},{"last_name":"Sakmann","first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert"}],"issue":"5063","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:30Z","title":"Calcium-permeable AMPA-kainate receptors in fusiform cerebellar glial cells.","intvolume":" 256"},{"external_id":{"pmid":["1282929 "]},"date_updated":"2022-03-16T13:01:55Z","year":"1992","citation":{"ista":"Jonas PM, Sakmann B. 1992. Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. 455, 143–171.","short":"P.M. Jonas, B. Sakmann, Journal of Physiology 455 (1992) 143–171.","mla":"Jonas, Peter M., and Bert Sakmann. “Glutamate Receptor Channels in Isolated Patches from CA1 and CA3 Pyramidal Cells of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 455, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 143–71, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 .","chicago":"Jonas, Peter M, and Bert Sakmann. “Glutamate Receptor Channels in Isolated Patches from CA1 and CA3 Pyramidal Cells of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 .","ieee":"P. M. Jonas and B. Sakmann, “Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 455. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 143–171, 1992.","apa":"Jonas, P. M., & Sakmann, B. (1992). Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 ","ama":"Jonas PM, Sakmann B. Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. 1992;455:143-171. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 "},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Currents activated by glutamate receptor (GluR) agonists were recorded from outside-out patches isolated from the soma of visually identified pyramidal neurones of the (CA3 and CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA). L-glutamate (L-Glu), and kainate (KA) were delivered either by bath application through perfusion of the recording chamber or by rapid application via a piezo-driven two-barrelled fast application system. 2. Bath application of each of the three agonists activated inward currents in all patches (n = 134) at holding potentials of -50 or -60 mV. The current amplitude increased in size between 3 to 30 μM-AMPA and 100 μM to 1 mM-KA. With this slow mode of bath application, the responses showed no apparent desensitization even at saturating concentrations of AMPA (30 μM) and KA (1 mM). 3. The ratio of currents activated by 30 μM-AMPA and 300 μM-KA showed a characteristic difference between CA3 and CA1 neurones. The ratio was 0.242 ± 0.028 (mean ± S.E.M., n = 16) for CA3 cell patches and 0.097 ± 0.012 (n = 8) for CA1 cell patches indicating that GluRs in the two cell populations are different. 4. The steady-state current-voltage relations (I-Vs) for AMPA- and KA-activated currents showed pronounced outward rectification for both cell types (when the main cations are Na+ in the bath and Cs+ in the pipette solution). The current reversed close to 0 mV and the ratio of chord conductances 80 mV on either side of the reversal potential was 2.66 for KA-activated currents in CA3 cell patches and 2.60 in CA1 cell patches. AMPA-activated currents showed a time-dependent increase after steps to positive membrane potentials and a decrease after steps to negative voltages, indicating that a gating process is responsible for outward rectification of the steady-state I-IV. 5. The permeability (P) of GluR channels was high for Na+ as compared to Cs+ for both cell types (P(Na)/P(Cs) = 0.88 and 0.84). The permeability was low for N-methyl-D-glucamine+ (P(NMG)/P(Cs) ≤ 0.03) and Ca2+ (P(Ca)/P(Cs) ≤0.05). 6. The current noise level increased during application of AMPA or KA. Apparent single-channel conductances obtained from fluctuation analysis were higher for AMPA than for KA, but similar for both cell types. In CA3 cell patches, AMPA activated channels with an apparent chord conductance of 7.2 pS, KA of 3.0 pS conductance. 7. Fast agonist application revealed desensitization of GluR channels which was dependent on the type of agonist, currents activated by AMPA and L-Glu rose rapidly to a peak and then desensitized to a steady-state current. In contrast, currents activated by fast application of KA rose to a plateau and did not desensitize. The steady state current expressed as a percentage of the peak current was higher for L-Glu than for AMPA and slightly higher for CA3 than for CA1 cell patches. For CA3 cell patches, this fraction amounted to 6.2 %, with 300 μM-L-Glu and 2.8%, with 300 μM-AMPA. For CA1 cell patches, corresponding values were 3.6 and 1.9 % 8. The dose response relations for the peak current activated by AMPA and L-Glu and the steady-state current activated by KA were similar for CA3 and CA1 cell patches. The order of potency was AMPA > L-Glu ≃ KA for both cell types EC50 values 189, 342 and 344 μM for CA3 cell patches and 183, 424 and 474 μM for CA1 cell patches). In all cases, the Hill coefficients ranged between 12 and 1.7. 8. The rise of AMPA and L-Glu-activated currents became faster with increasing agonist concentration for both cell types. With L-Glu, rise times decreased from about 3 ms at 100 μM to 500 μs at 3 mM. The delay for agonist concentrations ≥ 300 μM was described by the sum of two exponential functions. The time constant of the predominant fast component was slightly concentration dependent and decreased from about 12 ms at 300 μM to 8 ms at 3 mM-L-Glu. 10. The current voltage relations of the peak currents activated by 300 μM-AMPA were linear for both cell types with a reversal potential close to OmV. 11. It is concluded that the GluR channels in pyramidal cells of hippocampal CA3 and CA1 regions are distinet but share many pharmacological and functional properties. Comparison of the properties of native and recombinant GluRs suggests that in both CA3 and CA1 regions GluR channels are hetero-oligomers containing the GluR-B subunit."}],"doi":"10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294 ","day":"01","extern":"1","volume":455,"acknowledgement":"We thank Dr D. Colquhoun, Dr J. P. Ruppersberg and Dr T. A. Verdoorn for critically reading the manuscript, K. Bauer, C. Busch and F. Helmchen for computer programming, and M. Kaiser for technical assistance. \r\n","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","first_name":"Peter M","last_name":"Jonas","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Sakmann","first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert"}],"_id":"3470","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","title":"Glutamate receptor channels in isolated patches from CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampal slices","intvolume":" 455","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:30Z","page":"143 - 171","quality_controlled":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","date_published":"1992-09-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","oa":1,"publist_id":"2917","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-3751"]},"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019294","open_access":"1"}],"publication":"Journal of Physiology","month":"09","oa_version":"Published Version","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"acknowledgement":"We thank Drs N.Burnashev, P. Ruppersberg , and G.Stuart for critically reading the manuscript, and Marlies Kaiser for technical assistance. D.C.is a recipient of a Humboldt prize. ","volume":458,"extern":"1","day":"01","doi":"10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"1. Outside-out patches were isolated from granule cells of dentate gyrus and pyramidal cells of CA3 and CA1 regions of rat hippocampal slices. Patches were exposed briefly to L-glutamate using a piezo-driven double-barrelled application pipette. 2. Applications of glutamate (1 mM) of 1 ms duration activated patch currents which rose and decayed rapidly. The 20-80% rise time of these glutamate receptor (GluR)-mediated currents was usually 0.2-0.6 ms. At -50 mV the peak current varied from 10 to 500 pA in different patches. 3. The peak current-voltage relation for brief pulses of 1 mM glutamate was virtually linear in normal extracellular solution for patches from the three cell types (-100 to 60 mV). 4. The permeability of GluR channels activated at the peak to Ca2+, relative to K+, was less than 0.1 for all three cell types (under bi-ionic conditions with Ca2+ on the extracellular side and K+ on the intracellular side of the membrane). 5. The offset decay time constant of the current following 1 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate was brief, with mean values of 3.0 +/- 0.8, 2.5 +/- 0.7, and 2.3 +/- 0.7 ms for dentate, CA3 and CA1 cell patches, respectively. Offset time constants were independent of membrane potential and independent of glutamate concentration (200 microM and 1 mM) for the three cell types. 6. Applications of 1 mM glutamate of 100 ms duration showed that glutamate responses desensitized rapidly. The time constants for desensitization were 9.4 +/- 2.7, 11.3 +/- 2.8, and 9.3 +/- 2.8 ms for patches from dentate, CA3 and CA1 cells respectively. Desensitization time constants were only weakly dependent on glutamate concentration (200 microM and 1 mM) for the three cell types. Thus offset time constants are about four times faster than desensitization time constants for both glutamate concentrations. 7. Double pulse application of glutamate indicated that even a 1 ms pulse of 1 mM glutamate causes partial (about 60%) desensitization of GluR channels. The time course of recovery from desensitization was slower in dentate gyrus granule cell patches than in CA3 or CA1 pyramidal cell patches. 8. Desensitization was studied at equilibrium by exposing patches to low glutamate concentrations for at least 15 s before a 1 ms test pulse of 1 mM glutamate."}],"citation":{"mla":"Colquhoun, D., et al. “Action of Brief Pulses of Glutamate on AMPA/Kainate Receptors in Patches from Different Neurones of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 458, Wiley-Blackwell, 1992, pp. 261–87, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417.","short":"D. Colquhoun, P.M. Jonas, B. Sakmann, Journal of Physiology 458 (1992) 261–287.","ista":"Colquhoun D, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. 1992. Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. 458, 261–287.","ama":"Colquhoun D, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. 1992;458:261-287. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417","apa":"Colquhoun, D., Jonas, P. M., & Sakmann, B. (1992). Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal slices. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417","chicago":"Colquhoun, D., Peter M Jonas, and Bert Sakmann. “Action of Brief Pulses of Glutamate on AMPA/Kainate Receptors in Patches from Different Neurones of Rat Hippocampal Slices.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1992.sp019417.","ieee":"D. Colquhoun, P. M. Jonas, and B. Sakmann, “Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal slices,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 458. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 261–287, 1992."},"year":"1992","date_updated":"2022-03-16T12:41:01Z","external_id":{"pmid":["1338788"]},"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","page":"261 - 287","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:30Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 458","title":"Action of brief pulses of glutamate on AMPA/kainate receptors in patches from different neurones of rat hippocampal slices","scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"3471","author":[{"full_name":"Colquhoun, D.","first_name":"D.","last_name":"Colquhoun"},{"id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","first_name":"Peter M","last_name":"Jonas"},{"last_name":"Sakmann","first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1175155/","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-3751"]},"publist_id":"2916","oa":1,"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1992-12-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","month":"12","publication":"Journal of Physiology"}]