[{"article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:57:57Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       335","title":" Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR3) in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study","_id":"2487","pmid":1,"issue":"2","author":[{"last_name":"Ohishi","first_name":"Hitoshi","full_name":"Ohishi, Hitoshi"},{"last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","first_name":"Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno"}],"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","page":"252 - 266","day":"08","doi":"10.1002/cne.903350209","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR3, which is coupled to the inhibitory cAMP cascade, was examined in the central nervous system of the adult albino rat by in situ hybridization. The hybridization signals of mGluR3 were detected not only on neuronal cells but also on many glial cells throughout the brain and spinal cord. In the neuronal cells, prominent expression of mGluR3 mRNA was seen in the thalamic reticular nucleus. Moderately labeled neurons were seen in the anterior olfactory nucleus, cerebral neo- and mesocortical regions, lateral amygdaloid nucleus, ventral part of the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, dorsal endopiriform nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, superficial layers of the superior colliculus, inferior colliculus, interpeduncular nucleus, superior olivary nuclei, and Golgi cells in the cerebellar cortex. Weakly labeled neurons were observed in the striatum, nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, medial habenular nucleus, anterior pretectal nucleus, Barrington's nucleus, Nucleus O, paragenual nucleus, trigeminal sensory complex, cochlear nuclei, dorsal motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, dorsal cap of the inferior olive, spinal dorsal horn, and lamina X of the spinal cord. The stellate cells in the cerebellar cortex, and neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei were also labeled weakly. The granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, as a whole, appeared to be labeled intensely, but each of the granule cells was labeled only weakly. No significant labeling was detected in the mitral and tufted cells in the olfactory bulb, hippocampal pyramidal cells, Purkinje and granule cells in the cerebellar cortex, or somatic motoneurons. The distribution of mGluR3 mRNA in particular neurons and glial cells indicates specific roles of mGluR3 in the glutamatergic system of the central nervous system."}],"citation":{"ama":"Ohishi H, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N.  Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR3) in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study. <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>. 1993;335(2):252-266. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903350209\">10.1002/cne.903350209</a>","apa":"Ohishi, H., Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., &#38; Mizuno, N. (1993).  Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR3) in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study. <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903350209\">https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903350209</a>","chicago":"Ohishi, Hitoshi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “ Distribution of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (MGluR3) in the Rat Brain: An in Situ Hybridization Study.” <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903350209\">https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903350209</a>.","ieee":"H. Ohishi, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “ Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR3) in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study,” <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>, vol. 335, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 252–266, 1993.","mla":"Ohishi, Hitoshi, et al. “ Distribution of the MRNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (MGluR3) in the Rat Brain: An in Situ Hybridization Study.” <i>Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>, vol. 335, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1993, pp. 252–66, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.903350209\">10.1002/cne.903350209</a>.","short":"H. Ohishi, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 335 (1993) 252–266.","ista":"Ohishi H, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1993.  Distribution of the mRNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR3) in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 335(2), 252–266."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-06-01T11:58:11Z","external_id":{"pmid":["8227517"]},"acknowledgement":"We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi and the support of Drs. Satoru Fukuchi, Toshio Fukuda, Ritsu Hayashi, Mizuho Katsurada, Yutaka Kitani, Keiko Kumagai, Toshihiko  Kuroda,  Hiroshi Matsubara, Hiroshi Matsushima, Chisato Minakuchi, Masatoshi Nishio, Gonpei Niwa,  Hajime Oda, Masahiko Ohbayashi, Sei-ichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, Eizo Watan- abe, Kazuo Yoshino, and Toshiaki Yoshino. This work was supported in  part by grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan.","volume":335,"extern":"1","oa_version":"None","month":"09","publication":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-9967"]},"publist_id":"4414","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-09-08T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cne.903350209"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public"},{"page":"11868 - 11873","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","article_type":"original","_id":"2536","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Nakajima, Yoshiaki","first_name":"Yoshiaki","last_name":"Nakajima"},{"last_name":"Iwakabe","first_name":"Hideki","full_name":"Iwakabe, Hideki"},{"full_name":"Akazawa, Chihiro","last_name":"Akazawa","first_name":"Chihiro"},{"full_name":"Nawa, Hiroyuki","first_name":"Hiroyuki","last_name":"Nawa"},{"first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","first_name":"Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno"},{"last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"}],"issue":"16","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:15Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Molecular characterization of a novel retinal metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6 with a high agonist selectivity for L-2-amino-4- phosphonobutyrate","intvolume":"       268","acknowledgement":"This work was supported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the Yamanouchi Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders, the Uehara Memorial Foundation, and the Inamori Foundation. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. \r\n\r\nWe are grateful to Akira Uesugi for photographic assistance.","volume":268,"extern":"1","date_updated":"2022-04-26T06:56:15Z","year":"1993","citation":{"mla":"Nakajima, Yoshiaki, et al. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Retinal Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR6 with a High Agonist Selectivity for L-2-Amino-4- Phosphonobutyrate.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 268, no. 16, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1993, pp. 11868–73, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0\">10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0</a>.","short":"Y. Nakajima, H. Iwakabe, C. Akazawa, H. Nawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 (1993) 11868–11873.","ista":"Nakajima Y, Iwakabe H, Akazawa C, Nawa H, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1993. Molecular characterization of a novel retinal metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6 with a high agonist selectivity for L-2-amino-4- phosphonobutyrate. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 268(16), 11868–11873.","apa":"Nakajima, Y., Iwakabe, H., Akazawa, C., Nawa, H., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., &#38; Nakanishi, S. (1993). Molecular characterization of a novel retinal metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6 with a high agonist selectivity for L-2-amino-4- phosphonobutyrate. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0</a>","ama":"Nakajima Y, Iwakabe H, Akazawa C, et al. Molecular characterization of a novel retinal metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6 with a high agonist selectivity for L-2-amino-4- phosphonobutyrate. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. 1993;268(16):11868-11873. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0\">10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0</a>","ieee":"Y. Nakajima <i>et al.</i>, “Molecular characterization of a novel retinal metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR6 with a high agonist selectivity for L-2-amino-4- phosphonobutyrate,” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 268, no. 16. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp. 11868–11873, 1993.","chicago":"Nakajima, Yoshiaki, Hideki Iwakabe, Chihiro Akazawa, Hiroyuki Nawa, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Molecular Characterization of a Novel Retinal Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR6 with a High Agonist Selectivity for L-2-Amino-4- Phosphonobutyrate.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0</a>."},"external_id":{"pmid":["8389366"]},"doi":"10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0","day":"05","abstract":[{"text":"A cDNA clone for a new metabotropic glutamate receptor, termed mGluR6, was isolated from a rat retinal cDNA library by cross-hybridization with the previously isolated cDNA clone for a metabotropic glutamate receptor. The cloned mGluR6 subtype consists of 871 amino acid residues and exhibits a structural architecture common to the metabotropic receptor family, possessing a large extracellular domain preceding the seven putative membrane-spanning domains. mGluR6 shows the highest sequence similarity to mGluR4 among the metabotropic receptor subtypes and inhibits the forskolin- stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the cloned cDNA. mGluR6 potently reacts with L-2-amino-4- phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4) and L-serine-O-phosphate, and the potencies of these compounds are one order of magnitude greater than that of L-glutamate. Blot and in situ hybridization analyses indicated that mGluR6 mRNA is restrictedly expressed in the inner nuclear layer of the retina where ON- bipolar cells are distributed. The metabotropic receptor that responds strongly to L-AP4 and L-serine-O-phosphate in ON-bipolar cells is known to mediate glutamate synaptic transmission between photoreceptor cells and ON- bipolar cells. On the basis of the agonist selectivity of mGluR6 and its specific expression in retinal cells, the physiological role of this receptor subtype in the visual system is discussed.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Journal of Biological Chemistry","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"06","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50280-0"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","date_published":"1993-06-05T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-9258"]},"publist_id":"4362","oa":1},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0270-6474"]},"oa":1,"publist_id":"4361","date_published":"1993-04-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8463825/","open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"04","publication":"Journal of Neuroscience","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993","day":"01","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The metabotropic glutamate receptors are coupled to intracellular signal transduction via G-proteins and consist of a family of at least five different subtypes, termed mGluR1-mGluR5. We studied the signal transduction mechanism and pharmacological characteristics of the rat mGluR3 and mGluR4 subtypes in Chinese hamster ovary cells permanently expressing the cloned receptors. Both mGluR3 and mGluR4 inhibit the forskolin-stimulated accumulation of intracellular cAMP formation in response to agonist interaction. Consistent with the high degree of sequence similarity to mGluR2, mGluR3 closely resembles mGluR2 in its agonist selectivity; the potency rank order of agonists is L-glutamate &gt; trans-1-aminocyclopentane- 1,3-dicarboxylate &gt; ibotenate &gt; quisqualate. mGluR4 is totally different in its agonist specificity from any other member of the metabotropic receptors. This receptor potently reacts with L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate(L-AP4) in a stereo-selective manner and moderately responds to L-serine-O-phosphate. mGluR4 thus corresponds well to the putative L-AP4 receptor characterized from brain preparations. Blot and in situ hybridization analyses indicated that both mRNAs are widely distributed in the rat brain. mGluR3 mRNA is highly expressed in neuronal cells of the cerebral cortex and the caudate- putamen, and in granule cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. The expression pattern of mGluR4 mRNA is more restricted, and this expression is prominent in the cerebellum, olfactory bulb, and thalamus. Furthermore, the mGluR3 mRNA, unlike the other mRNAs for the metabotropic receptors, is highly expressed in glial cells throughout the brain regions. The metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes can thus be classified into three subgroups according to the similarity in their amino acid sequences, signal transduction, and agonist selectivity: mGluR1/mGluR5, mGluR2/mGluR3, and mGluR4. The mRNAs for the individual receptor subtypes, however, show overlapping but distinct patterns of expression in the rat CNS."}],"date_updated":"2022-03-31T14:49:42Z","year":"1993","citation":{"ista":"Tanabe Y, Nomura A, Masu M, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1993. Signal transduction, pharmacological properties, and expression patterns of two rat metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR3 and mGluR4. Journal of Neuroscience. 13(4), 1372–1378.","short":"Y. Tanabe, A. Nomura, M. Masu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Journal of Neuroscience 13 (1993) 1372–1378.","mla":"Tanabe, Yasuto, et al. “Signal Transduction, Pharmacological Properties, and Expression Patterns of Two Rat Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, MGluR3 and MGluR4.” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 13, no. 4, Society for Neuroscience, 1993, pp. 1372–78, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993\">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993</a>.","chicago":"Tanabe, Yasuto, Akinori Nomura, Masayuki Masu, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Signal Transduction, Pharmacological Properties, and Expression Patterns of Two Rat Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, MGluR3 and MGluR4.” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Society for Neuroscience, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993\">https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993</a>.","ieee":"Y. Tanabe, A. Nomura, M. Masu, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and S. Nakanishi, “Signal transduction, pharmacological properties, and expression patterns of two rat metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR3 and mGluR4,” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 13, no. 4. Society for Neuroscience, pp. 1372–1378, 1993.","apa":"Tanabe, Y., Nomura, A., Masu, M., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., &#38; Nakanishi, S. (1993). Signal transduction, pharmacological properties, and expression patterns of two rat metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR3 and mGluR4. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Society for Neuroscience. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993\">https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993</a>","ama":"Tanabe Y, Nomura A, Masu M, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. Signal transduction, pharmacological properties, and expression patterns of two rat metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR3 and mGluR4. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. 1993;13(4):1372-1378. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993\">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01372.1993</a>"},"external_id":{"pmid":["8463825"]},"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic assistance. This work was  supported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan, the Uehara Memorial Foundation, and the Semi Life Science Foundation. ","volume":13,"extern":"1","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:15Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Signal transduction, pharmacological properties, and expression patterns of two rat metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR3 and mGluR4","intvolume":"        13","pmid":1,"_id":"2537","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Tanabe","first_name":"Yasuto","full_name":"Tanabe, Yasuto"},{"last_name":"Nomura","first_name":"Akinori","full_name":"Nomura, Akinori"},{"first_name":"Masayuki","last_name":"Masu","full_name":"Masu, Masayuki"},{"first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi"}],"issue":"4","publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","article_type":"original","page":"1372 - 1378","quality_controlled":"1"},{"extern":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank Ms. Fumiko Kosaka for her excellent technical assistance.","volume":49,"external_id":{"pmid":["8218631"]},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T12:32:51Z","citation":{"chicago":"Iwai, Masazumi, Seiji Hori, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Hideharu Kanzaki, Takahide Mori, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Localization of Endothelin Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Rat Ovary and Fallopian Tube by in Situ Hybridization.” <i>Biology of Reproduction</i>. Society for the Study of Reproduction, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675\">https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675</a>.","ieee":"M. Iwai, S. Hori, R. Shigemoto, H. Kanzaki, T. Mori, and S. Nakanishi, “Localization of endothelin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat ovary and fallopian tube by in situ hybridization,” <i>Biology of Reproduction</i>, vol. 49, no. 4. Society for the Study of Reproduction, pp. 675–680, 1993.","ama":"Iwai M, Hori S, Shigemoto R, Kanzaki H, Mori T, Nakanishi S. Localization of endothelin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat ovary and fallopian tube by in situ hybridization. <i>Biology of Reproduction</i>. 1993;49(4):675-680. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675\">10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675</a>","apa":"Iwai, M., Hori, S., Shigemoto, R., Kanzaki, H., Mori, T., &#38; Nakanishi, S. (1993). Localization of endothelin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat ovary and fallopian tube by in situ hybridization. <i>Biology of Reproduction</i>. Society for the Study of Reproduction. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675\">https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675</a>","ista":"Iwai M, Hori S, Shigemoto R, Kanzaki H, Mori T, Nakanishi S. 1993. Localization of endothelin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat ovary and fallopian tube by in situ hybridization. Biology of Reproduction. 49(4), 675–680.","mla":"Iwai, Masazumi, et al. “Localization of Endothelin Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Rat Ovary and Fallopian Tube by in Situ Hybridization.” <i>Biology of Reproduction</i>, vol. 49, no. 4, Society for the Study of Reproduction, 1993, pp. 675–80, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675\">10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675</a>.","short":"M. Iwai, S. Hori, R. Shigemoto, H. Kanzaki, T. Mori, S. Nakanishi, Biology of Reproduction 49 (1993) 675–680."},"year":"1993","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Rat mRNAs encoding two subtypes of the endothelin (ET) receptor (ET(A) and ET(B)) were studied in the rat ovary and fallopian tube by means of Northern blotting and in situ hybridization. The mRNA transcripts for the endothelin- 1-specific type receptor (ET(A)) in pooled RNA from the ovary and fallopian tube were 4.2 and 5.2 kilonucleotides, and that for the nonselective type receptor (ET(B)) was 4.7 kilonucleotides; these were similar to transcripts for endothelin receptors from other tissues. ET(A) mRNA expression was abundant in the muscle cell layer of the fallopian tube, but low in the ovary. On the other hand, ET(B) mRNA was abundant in the granulosa cells in the developing follicles, but low in atretic follicles and absent in the fallopian tube. These results demonstrated that the mRNAs for the two subtypes of the rat endothelin receptor have different expression profiles in the ovary and fallopian tube. ETs may mainly affect the granulosa cells in the dominant follicles as well as the muscle cells of the fallopian tube through ET(B) and ET(A), respectively."}],"doi":"10.1095/biolreprod49.4.675","day":"01","page":"675 - 680","quality_controlled":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Society for the Study of Reproduction","author":[{"last_name":"Iwai","first_name":"Masazumi","full_name":"Iwai, Masazumi"},{"last_name":"Hori","first_name":"Seiji","full_name":"Hori, Seiji"},{"full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Kanzaki, Hideharu","first_name":"Hideharu","last_name":"Kanzaki"},{"full_name":"Mori, Takahide","last_name":"Mori","first_name":"Takahide"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi"}],"issue":"4","_id":"2538","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","title":"Localization of endothelin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat ovary and fallopian tube by in situ hybridization","intvolume":"        49","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:16Z","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://academic.oup.com/biolreprod/article/49/4/675/2762375?login=true"}],"date_published":"1993-10-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","oa":1,"publist_id":"4359","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0006-3363"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Biology of Reproduction","month":"10","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"extern":"1","acknowledgement":"This work was supported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan, the Senri Life Science Foundation, and Yamanouchi Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “aduertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.","volume":268,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"cDNA clones for four different N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits (NMDAR2A-NMDAR2D) were isolated through polymerase chain reactions followed by molecular screening of a rat brain cDNA library. These subunits are only about 15% identical with the key subunit of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR1) but are highly homologous (~50% homology) with one another. They also commonly possess large hydrophilic domains at both amino- and carboxyl- terminal sides of the four putative transmembrane segments. NMDAR2A and NMDAR2C expressed individually in Xenopus oocytes showed no electrophysiological response to agonists. However, these subunits in combined expression with NMDAR1 markedly potentiated the NMDAR1 activity and produced functional variability in the affinity of agonists, the effectiveness of antagonists, and the sensitivity to Mg2+ blockade. Thus, NMDAR1 is essential for the function of the NMDA receptor, and multiple NMDAR2 subunits potentiate and differentiate the function of the NMDA receptor by forming different heteromeric configurations with NMDAR1. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization analyses revealed that the expressions of individual mRNAs for the NMDAR2 subunits overlap in some brain regions but are also specialized in many other regions. This investigation demonstrates the anatomical and functional differences of the NMDAR2 subunits, which provide the molecular basis for the functional diversity of the NMDA receptor."}],"day":"05","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 ","external_id":{"pmid":["8428958"]},"citation":{"ieee":"T. Ishii <i>et al.</i>, “Molecular characterization of the family of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits,” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 268, no. 4. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp. 2836–2843, 1993.","chicago":"Ishii, Takahiro, Koki Moriyoshi, Hidemitsu Sugihara, Kazuhir Sakurada, Hiroshi Kadotani, Mineto Yokoi, Chihiro Akazawa, et al. “Molecular Characterization of the Family of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Subunits.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 \">https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 </a>.","apa":"Ishii, T., Moriyoshi, K., Sugihara, H., Sakurada, K., Kadotani, H., Yokoi, M., … Nakanishi, S. (1993). Molecular characterization of the family of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 \">https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 </a>","ama":"Ishii T, Moriyoshi K, Sugihara H, et al. Molecular characterization of the family of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. 1993;268(4):2836-2843. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 \">10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 </a>","ista":"Ishii T, Moriyoshi K, Sugihara H, Sakurada K, Kadotani H, Yokoi M, Akazawa C, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Masu M, Nakanishi S. 1993. Molecular characterization of the family of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 268(4), 2836–2843.","short":"T. Ishii, K. Moriyoshi, H. Sugihara, K. Sakurada, H. Kadotani, M. Yokoi, C. Akazawa, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, M. Masu, S. Nakanishi, Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 (1993) 2836–2843.","mla":"Ishii, Takahiro, et al. “Molecular Characterization of the Family of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Subunits.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 268, no. 4, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1993, pp. 2836–43, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 \">10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53849-7 </a>."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-03-31T14:29:17Z","article_type":"original","publisher":"American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","quality_controlled":"1","page":"2836 - 2843","intvolume":"       268","title":"Molecular characterization of the family of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:16Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","issue":"4","author":[{"first_name":"Takahiro","last_name":"Ishii","full_name":"Ishii, Takahiro"},{"last_name":"Moriyoshi","first_name":"Koki","full_name":"Moriyoshi, Koki"},{"first_name":"Hidemitsu","last_name":"Sugihara","full_name":"Sugihara, Hidemitsu"},{"full_name":"Sakurada, Kazuhir","first_name":"Kazuhir","last_name":"Sakurada"},{"last_name":"Kadotani","first_name":"Hiroshi","full_name":"Kadotani, Hiroshi"},{"full_name":"Yokoi, Mineto","last_name":"Yokoi","first_name":"Mineto"},{"full_name":"Akazawa, Chihiro","first_name":"Chihiro","last_name":"Akazawa"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","first_name":"Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno"},{"full_name":"Masu, Masayuki","last_name":"Masu","first_name":"Masayuki"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada"}],"scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"2539","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(18)53849-7/fulltext"}],"publist_id":"4360","oa":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-9258"]},"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-02-05T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"02","oa_version":"Published Version","publication":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, which is coupled to the inhibitory cyclic AMP cascade, was investigated in the central nervous system of the adult rat by in situ hybridization. Transcripts of mGluR2 were specifically localized to neuronal cells of the brain. Although the hybridization signals were widely distributed in the brain, the most prominent expression of mGluR2 messenger RNA was seen in Golgi cells of the cerebellum. Marked expression of mGluR2 messenger RNA was further observed in the mitral cells of the accessory olfactory bulb, neurons in the external part of the anterior olfactory nucleus, and pyramidal neurons in the entorhinal and parasubicular cortical regions. The granule cells of the accessory olfactory bulb, and many pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons in the neocortical, cingulate, retrosplenial and subicular cortices, were moderately labeled. All of the granule cells in the dentate gyrus were also labeled moderately, whereas no significant hybridization signals were detected in Ammon's horn. In the basal forebrain regions, moderately labeled neurons were distributed in the triangular septal nucleus, in the lateral, basolateral and basomedial amygdaloid nuclei, and in the medial mammillary nucleus. Weakly labeled neurons were sparsely scattered in the striatum, globus pallidus, ventral pallidum and claustrum. The subthalamic nucleus was also labeled weakly. No significant labeling was found in the entopeduncular nucleus and substantia nigra. In the thalamus, moderately labeled neurons were distributed in the anterodorsal, anteromedial, ventromedial, intralaminar and midline nuclei; the ventrolateral part of the anteroventral nucleus and the rostral pole of the ventrolateral nucleus also contained moderately labeled neurons. No significant labeling was found in the thalamic reticular, submedius, ventroposterior, lateral geniculate and medial geniculate nuclei. In the lower brainstem, labeling was generally weak. No significant hybridization signals were found in the spinal cord. Some neurons in the inner part of the inner nuclear layer of the retina and some retinal ganglion cells were labeled moderately. The pattern of distribution of mGluR2 messenger RNA revealed in the present study indicates specific roles of mGluR2 in the glutamatergic system in the brain.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X","day":"01","external_id":{"pmid":["8389425"]},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T12:19:44Z","year":"1993","citation":{"chicago":"Ohishi, Hitoshi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Distribution of the Messenger RNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR2, in the Central Nervous System of the Rat.” <i>Neuroscience</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X</a>.","ieee":"H. Ohishi, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the central nervous system of the rat,” <i>Neuroscience</i>, vol. 53, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 1009–1018, 1993.","apa":"Ohishi, H., Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., &#38; Mizuno, N. (1993). Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the central nervous system of the rat. <i>Neuroscience</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X</a>","ama":"Ohishi H, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the central nervous system of the rat. <i>Neuroscience</i>. 1993;53(4):1009-1018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X\">10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X</a>","ista":"Ohishi H, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1993. Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the central nervous system of the rat. Neuroscience. 53(4), 1009–1018.","mla":"Ohishi, Hitoshi, et al. “Distribution of the Messenger RNA for a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR2, in the Central Nervous System of the Rat.” <i>Neuroscience</i>, vol. 53, no. 4, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 1009–18, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X\">10.1016/0306-4522(93)90485-X</a>.","short":"H. Ohishi, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience 53 (1993) 1009–1018."},"extern":"1","volume":53,"acknowledgement":"We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr Akira Uesugi and the support of Drs Ryosuke Fujimori, Satoru Fukuchi, Toshio Fukuda, Ritsu Hayashi, Sozaburo Hayashi, Mizuho Katsurada, Yutaka Kitani, Keiko Kumagai, Hiroshi Kuroda, Toshio Kuroda, Hiroshi Matsubara. Hiroshi Matsushima. Chisato Minakuchi. Masatoshi ‘Nishio, Gonpei Niwa, Hajime Oda, Masahiko Ohbayashi, Seiichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, Eizo Watanabe, Kazuo Yoshino and Toshiaki Yoshino. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.","title":"Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the central nervous system of the rat","intvolume":"        53","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:16Z","article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"full_name":"Ohishi, Hitoshi","last_name":"Ohishi","first_name":"Hitoshi"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"},{"last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru","full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru"}],"issue":"4","pmid":1,"_id":"2540","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Elsevier","page":"1009 - 1018","quality_controlled":"1","publist_id":"4358","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0306-4522"]},"date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030645229390485X?via%3Dihub"}],"month":"01","oa_version":"None","publication":"Neuroscience","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"04","publication":"Neuroscience Letters","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0304394093903118?via%3Dihub"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0304-3940"]},"publist_id":"4357","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-04-30T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Elsevier","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","page":"157 - 160","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:17Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       153","title":"Immunocytochemical localization of rat substance P receptor in the striatum","scopus_import":"1","_id":"2541","pmid":1,"issue":"2","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Nakaya","first_name":"Yoshifumi","full_name":"Nakaya, Yoshifumi"},{"last_name":"Nomura","first_name":"Sakashi","full_name":"Nomura, Sakashi"},{"full_name":"Ogawa Meguro, Reiko","last_name":"Ogawa Meguro","first_name":"Reiko"},{"first_name":"Hitoshi","last_name":"Ohishi","full_name":"Ohishi, Hitoshi"},{"full_name":"Kaneko, Takeshi","last_name":"Kaneko","first_name":"Takeshi"},{"last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru"}],"volume":153,"extern":"1","day":"30","doi":"10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A trp E fusion protein containing a C-terminal portion of the rat substance P receptor (SPR) was expressed in bacteria and used to produce an antibody. The antibody specifically reacted with SPR expressed in a mammalian cell line and rat striatum. Light and electron microscope analyses of the rat striatum revealed intense SPR-like immunoreactivity in neuronal somata and dendrites. These immunoreactive neurons constituted ∼ 3% of the total population of striatal neurons; they were putative interneurons of large and medium-sized aspiny types."}],"year":"1993","citation":{"ama":"Shigemoto R, Nakaya Y, Nomura S, et al. Immunocytochemical localization of rat substance P receptor in the striatum. <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. 1993;153(2):157-160. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8\">10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8</a>","apa":"Shigemoto, R., Nakaya, Y., Nomura, S., Ogawa Meguro, R., Ohishi, H., Kaneko, T., … Mizuno, N. (1993). Immunocytochemical localization of rat substance P receptor in the striatum. <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8</a>","ieee":"R. Shigemoto <i>et al.</i>, “Immunocytochemical localization of rat substance P receptor in the striatum,” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>, vol. 153, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 157–160, 1993.","chicago":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Yoshifumi Nakaya, Sakashi Nomura, Reiko Ogawa Meguro, Hitoshi Ohishi, Takeshi Kaneko, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Immunocytochemical Localization of Rat Substance P Receptor in the Striatum.” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8</a>.","short":"R. Shigemoto, Y. Nakaya, S. Nomura, R. Ogawa Meguro, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 153 (1993) 157–160.","mla":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Immunocytochemical Localization of Rat Substance P Receptor in the Striatum.” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>, vol. 153, no. 2, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 157–60, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8\">10.1016/0304-3940(93)90311-8</a>.","ista":"Shigemoto R, Nakaya Y, Nomura S, Ogawa Meguro R, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1993. Immunocytochemical localization of rat substance P receptor in the striatum. Neuroscience Letters. 153(2), 157–160."},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T12:10:05Z","external_id":{"pmid":["8392153 "]}},{"day":"26","doi":"10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C","abstract":[{"text":"A trpE-fusion protein containing a C-terminal sequence of a rat metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, was used to produce an antibody. On immunoblot, the antibody specifically reacted with mGluR5 expressed in mammalian cells and rat brain. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed intense mGluR5-like immunoreactivity (LI) in the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nuclei, olfactory tubercle, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, lateral septum, striatum, nucleus accumbens, inferior colliculus, and spinal trigeminal nuclei. The distribution pattern of mGluR5-LI corresponds very well with that of mGluR5 mRNA. Electron microscope analysis of the striatum revealed dense accumulation of immunoreaction products in dendrites which were often provided with asymmetrical synapses. These results suggest that mGluR5 is predominantly located in postsynaptic elements.","lang":"eng"}],"year":"1993","citation":{"short":"R. Shigemoto, S. Nomura, H. Ohishi, H. Sugihara, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 163 (1993) 53–57.","mla":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Immunohistochemical Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR5, in the Rat Brain.” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>, vol. 163, no. 1, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 53–57, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C\">10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C</a>.","ista":"Shigemoto R, Nomura S, Ohishi H, Sugihara H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1993. Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, in the rat brain. Neuroscience Letters. 163(1), 53–57.","ama":"Shigemoto R, Nomura S, Ohishi H, Sugihara H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, in the rat brain. <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. 1993;163(1):53-57. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C\">10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C</a>","apa":"Shigemoto, R., Nomura, S., Ohishi, H., Sugihara, H., Nakanishi, S., &#38; Mizuno, N. (1993). Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, in the rat brain. <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C</a>","ieee":"R. Shigemoto, S. Nomura, H. Ohishi, H. Sugihara, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, in the rat brain,” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>, vol. 163, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 53–57, 1993.","chicago":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Sakashi Nomura, Hitoshi Ohishi, Hidemitsu Sugihara, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Immunohistochemical Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR5, in the Rat Brain.” <i>Neuroscience Letters</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90227-C</a>."},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T10:21:52Z","external_id":{"pmid":["8295733"]},"volume":163,"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help","extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:17Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       163","title":"Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5, in the rat brain","scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"2542","issue":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Nomura, Sakashi","first_name":"Sakashi","last_name":"Nomura"},{"last_name":"Ohishi","first_name":"Hitoshi","full_name":"Ohishi, Hitoshi"},{"full_name":"Sugihara, Hidemitsu","last_name":"Sugihara","first_name":"Hidemitsu"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada"},{"last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru","full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","page":"53 - 57","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0304-3940"]},"publist_id":"4356","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-11-26T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030439409390227C?via%3Dihub"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","oa_version":"None","month":"11","publication":"Neuroscience Letters","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"extern":"1","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Drs. Y. Sugimoto, A. Ichikawa, J. Ogasawara, R. Fukunaga, H. Aino, and A. Baba for discussion and advice. We also thank Ms. K. Mimura for secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.","volume":11,"external_id":{"pmid":["8394723"]},"year":"1993","citation":{"short":"H. Hashimoto, T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, S. Nagata, Neuron 11 (1993) 333–342.","mla":"Hashimoto, Hitoshi, et al. “ Molecular Cloning and Tissue Distribution of a Receptor for Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide.” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 11, no. 2, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 333–42, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W\">10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W</a>.","ista":"Hashimoto H, Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Nagata S. 1993.  Molecular cloning and tissue distribution of a receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Neuron. 11(2), 333–342.","apa":"Hashimoto, H., Ishihara, T., Shigemoto, R., Mori, K., &#38; Nagata, S. (1993).  Molecular cloning and tissue distribution of a receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W</a>","ama":"Hashimoto H, Ishihara T, Shigemoto R, Mori K, Nagata S.  Molecular cloning and tissue distribution of a receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. <i>Neuron</i>. 1993;11(2):333-342. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W\">10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W</a>","ieee":"H. Hashimoto, T. Ishihara, R. Shigemoto, K. Mori, and S. Nagata, “ Molecular cloning and tissue distribution of a receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide,” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 11, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 333–342, 1993.","chicago":"Hashimoto, Hitoshi, Takeshi Ishihara, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Kensaku Mori, and Shigekazu Nagata. “ Molecular Cloning and Tissue Distribution of a Receptor for Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide.” <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W</a>."},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T09:56:46Z","abstract":[{"text":"Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a polypeptide hormone related to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Rat PACAP receptor cDNA was isolated from a brain cDNA library by cross-hybridization with rat VIP receptor cDNA. The recombinant PACAP receptor expressed in COS cells bound PACAP with about 1000 times higher affinity than VIP, and PACAP stimulated adenylate cyclase through the cloned PACAP receptor. The rat PACAP receptor consists of 495 amino acids, contains seven transmembrane segments, and has a significant similarity with other Gs-coupled receptors, such as VIP, glucagon, and secretin receptors. PACAP receptor mRNA was abundantly expressed in the brain, but not in the peripheral tissues except for the adrenal gland. In situ hybridization revealed a high level of expression of PACAP receptor mRNA in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, olfactory bulb, and cerebellar cortex.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"01","doi":"10.1016/0896-6273(93)90188-W","quality_controlled":"1","page":"333 - 342","article_type":"original","publisher":"Elsevier","issue":"2","author":[{"full_name":"Hashimoto, Hitoshi","first_name":"Hitoshi","last_name":"Hashimoto"},{"last_name":"Ishihara","first_name":"Takeshi","full_name":"Ishihara, Takeshi"},{"id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi"},{"first_name":"Kensaku","last_name":"Mori","full_name":"Mori, Kensaku"},{"full_name":"Nagata, Shigekazu","last_name":"Nagata","first_name":"Shigekazu"}],"scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"2543","intvolume":"        11","title":" Molecular cloning and tissue distribution of a receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:17Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739390188W?via%3Dihub"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-08-01T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"4355","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Neuron","month":"08","oa_version":"None"},{"month":"01","oa_version":"None","publication":"Nature","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publist_id":"4354","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"]},"date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/366687a0"}],"title":"Role of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in synaptic modulation in the accessory olfactory bulb","intvolume":"       366","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:18Z","article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"last_name":"Hayashi","first_name":"Yasunori","full_name":"Hayashi, Yasunori"},{"full_name":"Momiyama, Akiko","last_name":"Momiyama","first_name":"Akiko"},{"full_name":"Takahashi, Tomoyuki","last_name":"Takahashi","first_name":"Tomoyuki"},{"first_name":"Hitoshi","last_name":"Ohishi","full_name":"Ohishi, Hitoshi"},{"full_name":"Ogawa Meguro, Reiko","first_name":"Reiko","last_name":"Ogawa Meguro"},{"full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","last_name":"Shigemoto","first_name":"Ryuichi","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru","full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru"},{"last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada","full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada"}],"issue":"6456","pmid":1,"_id":"2544","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","page":"687 - 690","quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"text":"VARIOUS functions of glutamate transmission are mediated by both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors1. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) consist of at least six different subtypes that are classified into three subgroups, mGluR1/mGluR5, mGluR2/mGluR3, and mGluR4/mGluR6 (refs 1-5), but their physiological roles are largely unknown. Here we report the identification of a very potent agonist for mGluR2/mGluR3, DCG-IV, and the specific localization of mGluR2 in granule cell dendrites that form dendrodendritic synapses with mitral cells in the accessory olfactory bulb. Using the DCG-IV agonist for mGluR2 in combination with slice patchrecording, we demonstrate that the granule cell mGluR2 presynaptically suppresses inhibitory GABA (γ-aminobutyrate) transmission to the mitral cell. Our results indicate that mGluR2 in granule cells plays an important role in the persistent excitation of olfactory sensory transmission in the accessory olfactory bulb by relieving mitral cells from the GABA inhibition.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1038/366687a0","day":"01","external_id":{"pmid":["7903116 "]},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T09:36:00Z","citation":{"apa":"Hayashi, Y., Momiyama, A., Takahashi, T., Ohishi, H., Ogawa Meguro, R., Shigemoto, R., … Nakanishi, S. (1993). Role of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in synaptic modulation in the accessory olfactory bulb. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/366687a0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/366687a0</a>","ama":"Hayashi Y, Momiyama A, Takahashi T, et al. Role of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in synaptic modulation in the accessory olfactory bulb. <i>Nature</i>. 1993;366(6456):687-690. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/366687a0\">10.1038/366687a0</a>","ieee":"Y. Hayashi <i>et al.</i>, “Role of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in synaptic modulation in the accessory olfactory bulb,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 366, no. 6456. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 687–690, 1993.","chicago":"Hayashi, Yasunori, Akiko Momiyama, Tomoyuki Takahashi, Hitoshi Ohishi, Reiko Ogawa Meguro, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and Shigetada Nakanishi. “Role of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor in Synaptic Modulation in the Accessory Olfactory Bulb.” <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/366687a0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/366687a0</a>.","mla":"Hayashi, Yasunori, et al. “Role of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor in Synaptic Modulation in the Accessory Olfactory Bulb.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 366, no. 6456, Nature Publishing Group, 1993, pp. 687–90, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/366687a0\">10.1038/366687a0</a>.","short":"Y. Hayashi, A. Momiyama, T. Takahashi, H. Ohishi, R. Ogawa Meguro, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, S. Nakanishi, Nature 366 (1993) 687–690.","ista":"Hayashi Y, Momiyama A, Takahashi T, Ohishi H, Ogawa Meguro R, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S. 1993. Role of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in synaptic modulation in the accessory olfactory bulb. Nature. 366(6456), 687–690."},"year":"1993","extern":"1","volume":366,"acknowledgement":"We thank Y. Ohfune and K. Shimamoto for DCG-IV, M. Kuno for advice and A. Uesugi for photographic assistance. Partly supported by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan and the Senri Life Science Foundation. "},{"extern":"1","volume":631,"abstract":[{"text":"Immunochemical characteristics of neostriatal neurons producing substance P receptor (SPR) were examined in adult rats by double- and triple-immunofluorescence methods. In the neostriatum, SPR immunoreactivity was detected in large and medium-sized aspiny neurons. Virtually all SPR-immunoreactive neurons in the neostriatum contained somatostatin (SS) or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), but not parvalbumin. All SS- and ChAT-immunoreactive neurons in the neostriatum showed SPR immunoreactivity. The co-existence of SS and ChAT was, however, not found in single neurons expressing SPR immunoreactivity. The present results indicate that neostriatal neurons immunoreactive for SPR are segregated into 2 groups: (1) medium-sized, aspiny somatostatinergic, and (2) large, aspiny cholinergic neurons.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7","day":"24","external_id":{"pmid":["7907524"]},"date_updated":"2022-03-31T09:14:23Z","year":"1993","citation":{"apa":"Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., &#38; Mizuno, N. (1993). Substance P receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the rat neostriatum are segregated into somatostatinergic and cholinergic aspiny neurons. <i>Brain Research</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7</a>","ama":"Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Substance P receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the rat neostriatum are segregated into somatostatinergic and cholinergic aspiny neurons. <i>Brain Research</i>. 1993;631(2):297-303. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7\">10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7</a>","ieee":"T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Substance P receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the rat neostriatum are segregated into somatostatinergic and cholinergic aspiny neurons,” <i>Brain Research</i>, vol. 631, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 297–303, 1993.","chicago":"Kaneko, Takeshi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Substance P Receptor-Immunoreactive Neurons in the Rat Neostriatum Are Segregated into Somatostatinergic and Cholinergic Aspiny Neurons.” <i>Brain Research</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7</a>.","short":"T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Brain Research 631 (1993) 297–303.","mla":"Kaneko, Takeshi, et al. “Substance P Receptor-Immunoreactive Neurons in the Rat Neostriatum Are Segregated into Somatostatinergic and Cholinergic Aspiny Neurons.” <i>Brain Research</i>, vol. 631, no. 2, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 297–303, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7\">10.1016/0006-8993(93)91548-7</a>.","ista":"Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1993. Substance P receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the rat neostriatum are segregated into somatostatinergic and cholinergic aspiny neurons. Brain Research. 631(2), 297–303."},"article_type":"original","publisher":"Elsevier","page":"297 - 303","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Substance P receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the rat neostriatum are segregated into somatostatinergic and cholinergic aspiny neurons","intvolume":"       631","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:18Z","article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"full_name":"Kaneko, Takeshi","first_name":"Takeshi","last_name":"Kaneko"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Nakanishi, Shigetada","last_name":"Nakanishi","first_name":"Shigetada"},{"full_name":"Mizuno, Noboru","last_name":"Mizuno","first_name":"Noboru"}],"issue":"2","_id":"2546","pmid":1,"scopus_import":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0006899393915487?via%3Dihub"}],"publist_id":"4353","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0006-8993"]},"date_published":"1993-12-24T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"12","oa_version":"None","publication":"Brain Research"},{"volume":29,"extern":"1","year":"1993","citation":{"ama":"Erdös L. Ground-state density of the Pauli operator in the large field limit. <i>Letters in Mathematical Physics</i>. 1993;29(3):219-240. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00761110\">10.1007/BF00761110</a>","apa":"Erdös, L. (1993). Ground-state density of the Pauli operator in the large field limit. <i>Letters in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00761110\">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00761110</a>","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Ground-state density of the Pauli operator in the large field limit,” <i>Letters in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 29, no. 3. Springer, pp. 219–240, 1993.","chicago":"Erdös, László. “Ground-State Density of the Pauli Operator in the Large Field Limit.” <i>Letters in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00761110\">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00761110</a>.","mla":"Erdös, László. “Ground-State Density of the Pauli Operator in the Large Field Limit.” <i>Letters in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 29, no. 3, Springer, 1993, pp. 219–40, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00761110\">10.1007/BF00761110</a>.","short":"L. Erdös, Letters in Mathematical Physics 29 (1993) 219–240.","ista":"Erdös L. 1993. Ground-state density of the Pauli operator in the large field limit. Letters in Mathematical Physics. 29(3), 219–240."},"date_updated":"2022-03-30T15:02:00Z","day":"01","doi":"10.1007/BF00761110","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The ground-state density of the Pauli operator in the case of a nonconstant magnetic field with constant direction is studied. It is shown that in the large field limit, the naturally rescaled ground-state density function is bounded from above by the megnetic field, and under some additional conditions, the limit density function is equal to the magnetic field. A restatement of this result yields an estimate on the density of complex orthogonal polynomials with respect to a fairly general weight function. We also prove a special case of the paramagnetic inequality. "}],"quality_controlled":"1","page":"219 - 240","publisher":"Springer","article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","_id":"2723","issue":"3","author":[{"id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László","full_name":"Erdös, László","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:16Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        29","title":"Ground-state density of the Pauli operator in the large field limit","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00761110"}],"status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-11-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0377-9017"]},"publist_id":"4169","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Letters in Mathematical Physics","oa_version":"None","month":"11"},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000527289390177H?via%3Dihub"}],"status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0005-2728"]},"publist_id":"5136","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-09-13T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"09","publication":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by a Wellcome Trust fellowship to L.A.S. ","volume":1144,"extern":"1","day":"13","doi":"10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H","abstract":[{"text":"Mitochondrial transhydrogenase has been reported previously to be inhibited by high, rather non-physiological concentrations (in the range of 2-20 mM) of divalent cations. We show that the enzyme could be activated by low (from about 1 μM to 1 mM) concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+, which are within physiological range. These results bring in line the effects observed with mitochondrial enzyme to the findings with bacterial transhydrogenases. The activation of transhydrogenase by divalent cations is interpreted as an increase in affinity of the NADP(H)-binding site of the enzyme-NAD(H) complex. Reported effects of the metal ions could be important for the enzyme function in vivo.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"short":"L.A. Sazanov, J. Jackson, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics 1144 (1993) 225–228.","mla":"Sazanov, Leonid A., and Julie Jackson. “Activation and Inhibition of Mitochondrial Transhydrogenase by Metal Ions.” <i>Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics</i>, vol. 1144, no. 2, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 225–28, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H\">10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H</a>.","ista":"Sazanov LA, Jackson J. 1993. Activation and inhibition of mitochondrial transhydrogenase by metal ions. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1144(2), 225–228.","ama":"Sazanov LA, Jackson J. Activation and inhibition of mitochondrial transhydrogenase by metal ions. <i>Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics</i>. 1993;1144(2):225-228. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H\">10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H</a>","apa":"Sazanov, L. A., &#38; Jackson, J. (1993). Activation and inhibition of mitochondrial transhydrogenase by metal ions. <i>Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H</a>","ieee":"L. A. Sazanov and J. Jackson, “Activation and inhibition of mitochondrial transhydrogenase by metal ions,” <i>Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics</i>, vol. 1144, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 225–228, 1993.","chicago":"Sazanov, Leonid A, and Julie Jackson. “Activation and Inhibition of Mitochondrial Transhydrogenase by Metal Ions.” <i>Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H\">https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90177-H</a>."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-06-01T12:51:32Z","external_id":{"pmid":["8369341 "]},"publisher":"Elsevier","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","page":"225 - 228","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:52Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"      1144","title":"Activation and inhibition of mitochondrial transhydrogenase by metal ions","scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"_id":"1947","issue":"2","author":[{"id":"338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Leonid A","last_name":"Sazanov","orcid":"0000-0002-0977-7989","full_name":"Sazanov, Leonid A"},{"last_name":"Jackson","first_name":"Julie","full_name":"Jackson, Julie"}]},{"volume":21,"acknowledgement":"We acknowledge financial support from the Wellcome Trust (fellowship to L.A.S) ","extern":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-01T13:17:02Z","citation":{"short":"L.A. Sazanov, J. Jackson, Biochemical Society Transactions 21 (1993) 260.","mla":"Sazanov, Leonid A., and Julie Jackson. “Possible Functions of the NADP-Linked Isocitrate Dehydrogenase and H+ -Transhydrogenase in Heart Mitochondria .” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol. 21, no. 3, Portland Press, 1993, p. 260, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021260s\">10.1042/bst021260s</a>.","ista":"Sazanov LA, Jackson J. 1993. Possible functions of the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase and H+ -transhydrogenase in heart mitochondria . Biochemical Society Transactions. 21(3), 260.","ama":"Sazanov LA, Jackson J. Possible functions of the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase and H+ -transhydrogenase in heart mitochondria . <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. 1993;21(3):260. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021260s\">10.1042/bst021260s</a>","apa":"Sazanov, L. A., &#38; Jackson, J. (1993). Possible functions of the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase and H+ -transhydrogenase in heart mitochondria . <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021260s\">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021260s</a>","chicago":"Sazanov, Leonid A, and Julie Jackson. “Possible Functions of the NADP-Linked Isocitrate Dehydrogenase and H+ -Transhydrogenase in Heart Mitochondria .” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021260s\">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021260s</a>.","ieee":"L. A. Sazanov and J. Jackson, “Possible functions of the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase and H+ -transhydrogenase in heart mitochondria ,” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol. 21, no. 3. Portland Press, p. 260, 1993."},"year":"1993","external_id":{"pmid":["8224412 "]},"doi":"10.1042/bst021260s","day":"01","page":"260","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Portland Press","article_type":"original","pmid":1,"_id":"1948","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"id":"338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Sazanov, Leonid A","orcid":"0000-0002-0977-7989","last_name":"Sazanov","first_name":"Leonid A"},{"last_name":"Jackson","first_name":"Julie","full_name":"Jackson, Julie"}],"issue":"3","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:52Z","title":"Possible functions of the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase and H+ -transhydrogenase in heart mitochondria ","intvolume":"        21","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/21/3/260S/83260/Possible-functions-of-the-NADP-linked-isocitrate?redirectedFrom=fulltext"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0300-5127"]},"publist_id":"5137","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Biochemical Society Transactions","oa_version":"None","month":"01"},{"publisher":"Portland Press","article_type":"original","page":"1010 - 1013","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:52Z","title":"Proton-translocating transhydrogenase in bacteria","intvolume":"        21","pmid":1,"_id":"1950","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Jackson, Julie","first_name":"Julie","last_name":"Jackson"},{"first_name":"N P J","last_name":"Cotton","full_name":"Cotton, N P J"},{"full_name":"Williams, Ross","last_name":"Williams","first_name":"Ross"},{"last_name":"Bizouarn","first_name":"Tania","full_name":"Bizouarn, Tania"},{"full_name":"Hutton, Mike","last_name":"Hutton","first_name":"Mike"},{"id":"338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Leonid A","last_name":"Sazanov","orcid":"0000-0002-0977-7989","full_name":"Sazanov, Leonid A"},{"full_name":"Thomas, Christopher","first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Thomas"}],"issue":"4","volume":21,"extern":"1","doi":"10.1042/bst0211010","day":"01","date_updated":"2022-06-01T12:16:19Z","citation":{"ista":"Jackson J, Cotton NPJ, Williams R, Bizouarn T, Hutton M, Sazanov LA, Thomas C. 1993. Proton-translocating transhydrogenase in bacteria. Biochemical Society Transactions. 21(4), 1010–1013.","short":"J. Jackson, N.P.J. Cotton, R. Williams, T. Bizouarn, M. Hutton, L.A. Sazanov, C. Thomas, Biochemical Society Transactions 21 (1993) 1010–1013.","mla":"Jackson, Julie, et al. “Proton-Translocating Transhydrogenase in Bacteria.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol. 21, no. 4, Portland Press, 1993, pp. 1010–13, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0211010\">10.1042/bst0211010</a>.","chicago":"Jackson, Julie, N P J Cotton, Ross Williams, Tania Bizouarn, Mike Hutton, Leonid A Sazanov, and Christopher Thomas. “Proton-Translocating Transhydrogenase in Bacteria.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0211010\">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0211010</a>.","ieee":"J. Jackson <i>et al.</i>, “Proton-translocating transhydrogenase in bacteria,” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol. 21, no. 4. Portland Press, pp. 1010–1013, 1993.","apa":"Jackson, J., Cotton, N. P. J., Williams, R., Bizouarn, T., Hutton, M., Sazanov, L. A., &#38; Thomas, C. (1993). Proton-translocating transhydrogenase in bacteria. <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0211010\">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0211010</a>","ama":"Jackson J, Cotton NPJ, Williams R, et al. Proton-translocating transhydrogenase in bacteria. <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. 1993;21(4):1010-1013. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0211010\">10.1042/bst0211010</a>"},"year":"1993","external_id":{"pmid":["8131888"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"11","publication":"Biochemical Society Transactions","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/21/4/1010/86733/Proton-translocating-transhydrogenase-in-bacteria?redirectedFrom=fulltext"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0300-5127"]},"publist_id":"5135","date_published":"1993-11-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article"},{"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1993-05-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["0890-5401"]},"publist_id":"116","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540183710254?via%3Dihub","open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publication":"Information and Computation","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"05","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"citation":{"ama":"Alur R, Henzinger TA. Real-time logics: Complexity and expressiveness. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 1993;104(1):35-77. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1993.1025\">10.1006/inco.1993.1025</a>","apa":"Alur, R., &#38; Henzinger, T. A. (1993). Real-time logics: Complexity and expressiveness. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1993.1025\">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1993.1025</a>","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Real-Time Logics: Complexity and Expressiveness.” <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1993.1025\">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1993.1025</a>.","ieee":"R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Real-time logics: Complexity and expressiveness,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 104, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 35–77, 1993.","short":"R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, Information and Computation 104 (1993) 35–77.","mla":"Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Real-Time Logics: Complexity and Expressiveness.” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 104, no. 1, Elsevier, 1993, pp. 35–77, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1993.1025\">10.1006/inco.1993.1025</a>.","ista":"Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1993. Real-time logics: Complexity and expressiveness. Information and Computation. 104(1), 35–77."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-03-23T13:08:27Z","day":"01","doi":"10.1006/inco.1993.1025","abstract":[{"text":"The theory of the natural numbers with linear order and monadic predicates underlies propositional linear temporal logic. To study temporal logics that are suitable for reasoning about real-time systems, we combine this classical theory of infinite state sequences with a theory of discrete time, via a monotonic function that maps every state to its time. The resulting theory of timed state sequences is shown to be decidable, albeit nonelementary, and its expressive power is characterized by ω-regular sets. Several more expressive variants are proved to be highly undecidable. This framework allows us to classify a wide variety of real-time logics according to their complexity and expressiveness. Indeed, it follows that most formalisms proposed in the literature cannot be decided. We are, however, able to identify two elementary real-time temporal logics as expressively complete fragments of the theory of timed state sequences, and we present tableau-based decision procedures for checking validity. Consequently, these two formalisms are well-suited for the specification and verification of real-time systems.\r\n\r\nCopyright © 1993 Academic Press. All rights reserved.","lang":"eng"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank David Dill, Zohar Manna, and Amir Pnueli for helpful discussion.","volume":104,"extern":"1","scopus_import":"1","_id":"4589","issue":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Alur, Rajeev","first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur"},{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A","last_name":"Henzinger"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:38Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       104","title":"Real-time logics: Complexity and expressiveness","quality_controlled":"1","page":"35 - 77","publisher":"Elsevier","article_type":"original"},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/393520"}],"extern":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","doi":"10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 ","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["0-8186-4480-X"]},"day":"01","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present a model checking procedure and its implementation for the automatic verification of embedded systems. Systems are represented by hybrid automata - machines with finite control and real-valued variables modeling continuous environment parameters such as time, pressure, and temperature. System properties are specified in a real-time temporal logic and verified by symbolic computation. The verification procedure, implemented in Mathematica, is used to prove digital controllers and distributed algorithms correct. The verifier checks safety, liveness, time-bounded, and duration properties of hybrid automata"}],"publist_id":"90","date_updated":"2022-03-23T13:01:41Z","year":"1993","citation":{"mla":"Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Automatic Symbolic Verification of Embedded Systems.” <i>1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium</i>, IEEE, 1993, pp. 2–11, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 \">10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 </a>.","short":"R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, P. Ho, in:, 1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium, IEEE, 1993, pp. 2–11.","ista":"Alur R, Henzinger TA, Ho P. 1993. Automatic symbolic verification of embedded systems. 1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium. RTSS: Real-Time Systems Symposium, 2–11.","ama":"Alur R, Henzinger TA, Ho P. Automatic symbolic verification of embedded systems. In: <i>1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium</i>. IEEE; 1993:2-11. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 \">10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 </a>","apa":"Alur, R., Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Ho, P. (1993). Automatic symbolic verification of embedded systems. In <i>1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium</i> (pp. 2–11). Raleigh, NC, United States of America: IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 \">https://doi.org/10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 </a>","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, Thomas A Henzinger, and Pei Ho. “Automatic Symbolic Verification of Embedded Systems.” In <i>1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium</i>, 2–11. IEEE, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 \">https://doi.org/10.1109/REAL.1993.393520 </a>.","ieee":"R. Alur, T. A. Henzinger, and P. Ho, “Automatic symbolic verification of embedded systems,” in <i>1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium</i>, Raleigh, NC, United States of America, 1993, pp. 2–11."},"date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","publisher":"IEEE","conference":{"end_date":"1993-12-03","location":"Raleigh, NC, United States of America","start_date":"1993-12-01","name":"RTSS: Real-Time Systems Symposium"},"page":"2 - 11","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:46Z","month":"01","title":"Automatic symbolic verification of embedded systems","_id":"4616","publication":"1993 Proceedings Real-Time Systems Symposium","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Alur, Rajeev","first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur"},{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A"},{"first_name":"Pei","last_name":"Ho","full_name":"Ho, Pei"}]},{"publisher":"Springer","editor":[{"last_name":"Grossman","first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Grossman, Robert"},{"full_name":"Nerode, Anil","last_name":"Nerode","first_name":"Anil"},{"full_name":"Ravn, Anders","first_name":"Anders","last_name":"Ravn"},{"first_name":"Hans","last_name":"Rischel","full_name":"Rischel, Hans"}],"page":"209 - 229","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:47Z","article_processing_charge":"No","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"title":"Hybrid automata: An algorithmic approach to the specification and verification of hybrid systems","intvolume":"       736","_id":"4618","author":[{"first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur","full_name":"Alur, Rajeev"},{"first_name":"Costas","last_name":"Courcoubetis","full_name":"Courcoubetis, Costas"},{"last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Ho, Pei","last_name":"Ho","first_name":"Pei"}],"volume":736,"acknowledgement":"BRA ESPRIT project REACT, National Science Foundation under grant CCR-9200794 , United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-93-1-0056.","extern":"1","doi":"10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"We introduce the framework of hybrid automata as a model and specification language for hybrid systems. Hybrid automata can be viewed as a generalization of timed automata, in which the behavior of variables is governed in each state by a set of differential equations. We show that many of the examples considered in the workshop can be defined by hybrid automata. While the reachability problem is undecidable even for very restricted classes of hybrid automata, we present two semidecision procedures for verifying safety properties of piecewiselinear hybrid automata, in which all variables change at constant rates. The two procedures are based, respectively, on minimizing and computing fixpoints on generally infinite state spaces. We show that if the procedures terminate, then they give correct answers. We then demonstrate that for many of the typical workshop examples, the procedures do terminate and thus provide an automatic way for verifying their properties.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-03-21T11:04:54Z","citation":{"ista":"Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA, Ho P. 1993. Hybrid automata: An algorithmic approach to the specification and verification of hybrid systems. Hybrid Systems. , LNCS, vol. 736, 209–229.","short":"R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis, T.A. Henzinger, P. Ho, in:, R. Grossman, A. Nerode, A. Ravn, H. Rischel (Eds.), Hybrid Systems, Springer, 1993, pp. 209–229.","mla":"Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Hybrid Automata: An Algorithmic Approach to the Specification and Verification of Hybrid Systems.” <i>Hybrid Systems</i>, edited by Robert Grossman et al., vol. 736, Springer, 1993, pp. 209–29, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30\">10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30</a>.","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, Costas Courcoubetis, Thomas A Henzinger, and Pei Ho. “Hybrid Automata: An Algorithmic Approach to the Specification and Verification of Hybrid Systems.” In <i>Hybrid Systems</i>, edited by Robert Grossman, Anil Nerode, Anders Ravn, and Hans Rischel, 736:209–29. Springer, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30</a>.","ieee":"R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis, T. A. Henzinger, and P. Ho, “Hybrid automata: An algorithmic approach to the specification and verification of hybrid systems,” in <i>Hybrid Systems</i>, 1993, vol. 736, pp. 209–229.","ama":"Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA, Ho P. Hybrid automata: An algorithmic approach to the specification and verification of hybrid systems. In: Grossman R, Nerode A, Ravn A, Rischel H, eds. <i>Hybrid Systems</i>. Vol 736. Springer; 1993:209-229. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30\">10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30</a>","apa":"Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Ho, P. (1993). Hybrid automata: An algorithmic approach to the specification and verification of hybrid systems. In R. Grossman, A. Nerode, A. Ravn, &#38; H. Rischel (Eds.), <i>Hybrid Systems</i> (Vol. 736, pp. 209–229). Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30</a>"},"year":"1993","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","month":"01","publication":"Hybrid Systems","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-57318-6_30"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","publist_id":"87","date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","type":"conference"},{"extern":"1","status":"public","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/167088.167242"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Traditional approaches to the algorithmic verification of real-time systems are limited to checking program correctness with respect to concrete timing properties (e.g., &quot;message delivery within 10 milliseconds&quot;). We address the more realistic and more ambitious problem of deriving symbolic constraints on the timing properties required of real-time systems (e.g., &quot;message delivery within the time it takes to execute two assignment statements&quot;). To model this problem, we introduce parametric timed automata -- finite-state machines whose transitions are constrained with parametric timing requirements. The emptiness question for parametric timed automata is central to the verification problem. On the negative side, we show that in general this question is undecidable. On the positive side, we provide algorithms for checking the emptiness of restricted classes of parametric timed automata. The practical relevance of these classes is illustrated with several verification examples. There remains a gap between the automata classes for which we know that emptiness is decidable and undecidable, respectively, and this gap is related to various hard and open problems of logic and automata theory.","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"88","doi":"10.1145/167088.167242","day":"01","date_published":"1993-06-01T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","date_updated":"2022-03-21T11:11:37Z","citation":{"mla":"Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Parametric Real-Time Reasoning.” <i>Proceedings of the 25th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing</i>, ACM, 1993, pp. 592–601, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167242\">10.1145/167088.167242</a>.","short":"R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, M. Vardi, in:, Proceedings of the 25th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ACM, 1993, pp. 592–601.","ista":"Alur R, Henzinger TA, Vardi M. 1993. Parametric real-time reasoning. Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on Theory of Computing. STOC: Symposium on the Theory of Computing, 592–601.","ama":"Alur R, Henzinger TA, Vardi M. Parametric real-time reasoning. In: <i>Proceedings of the 25th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing</i>. ACM; 1993:592-601. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167242\">10.1145/167088.167242</a>","apa":"Alur, R., Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Vardi, M. (1993). Parametric real-time reasoning. In <i>Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on Theory of Computing</i> (pp. 592–601). San Diego, CA, United States of America: ACM. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167242\">https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167242</a>","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, Thomas A Henzinger, and Moshe Vardi. “Parametric Real-Time Reasoning.” In <i>Proceedings of the 25th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing</i>, 592–601. ACM, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167242\">https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167242</a>.","ieee":"R. Alur, T. A. Henzinger, and M. Vardi, “Parametric real-time reasoning,” in <i>Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on Theory of Computing</i>, San Diego, CA, United States of America, 1993, pp. 592–601."},"year":"1993","conference":{"end_date":"1993-05-18","location":"San Diego, CA, United States of America","name":"STOC: Symposium on the Theory of Computing","start_date":"1993-05-16"},"publisher":"ACM","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"592 - 601","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Parametric real-time reasoning","month":"06","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:47Z","author":[{"first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur","full_name":"Alur, Rajeev"},{"full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Vardi, Moshe","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Vardi"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on Theory of Computing","_id":"4619"},{"quality_controlled":"1","page":"181 - 193","publisher":"Springer","scopus_import":"1","_id":"4620","author":[{"full_name":"Alur, Rajeev","first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur"},{"full_name":"Courcoubetis, Costas","last_name":"Courcoubetis","first_name":"Costas"},{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:47Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       697","title":"Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"volume":697,"acknowledgement":"BRA ESPRIT project REACT, National Science Foundation grant CCR-9200794 United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract F49620-93-1-0056","extern":"1","citation":{"mla":"Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Computing Accumulated Delays in Real-Time Systems.” <i>5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, vol. 697, Springer, 1993, pp. 181–93, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16\">10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16</a>.","short":"R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis, T.A. Henzinger, in:, 5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer, 1993, pp. 181–193.","ista":"Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA. 1993. Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. 5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 697, 181–193.","apa":"Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., &#38; Henzinger, T. A. (1993). Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. In <i>5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i> (Vol. 697, pp. 181–193). Elounda, Greece: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16</a>","ama":"Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA. Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. In: <i>5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>. Vol 697. Springer; 1993:181-193. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16\">10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16</a>","ieee":"R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis, and T. A. Henzinger, “Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems,” in <i>5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, Elounda, Greece, 1993, vol. 697, pp. 181–193.","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, Costas Courcoubetis, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Computing Accumulated Delays in Real-Time Systems.” In <i>5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, 697:181–93. Springer, 1993. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16</a>."},"year":"1993","date_updated":"2022-03-21T13:55:53Z","day":"01","doi":"10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16","abstract":[{"text":"We present a verification algorithm for duration properties of finite-state real-time systems. While simple real-time properties constrain the total elapsed time between events, duration properties constrain the accumulated time during which certain state predicates hold. We formalize the concept of durations by introducing duration measures for (dense-time) timed automata. Given a timed automaton with a duration measure, a start and a target state, and a duration constraint, the duration-bounded reachability problem asks if there is a run of the automaton from the start state to the target state such that the accumulated duration along the run satisfies the constraint. Our main result is a novel decision procedure for solving the duration-bounded reachability problem. We also prove that the problem is PSPACE-complete and demonstrate how the solution can be used to verify interesting duration properties of real-time systems.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"conference":{"location":"Elounda, Greece","end_date":"1993-07-01","start_date":"1993-06-28","name":"CAV: Computer Aided Verification"},"publication":"5th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification","oa_version":"None","month":"01","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-56922-7_16"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","status":"public","type":"conference","date_published":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"89"}]