[{"year":"1996","issue":"3","author":[{"id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"László","full_name":"László Erdös","last_name":"Erdös","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603"}],"page":"283 - 292","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:16Z","publist_id":"4167","publication_status":"published","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"We prove that the two dimensional free magnetic Schrödinger operator, with a fixed constant magnetic field and Dirichlet boundary conditions on a planar domain with a given area, attains its smallest possible eigenvalue if the domain is a disk. We also give some rough bounds on the lowest magnetic eigenvalue of the disk.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"2725","publication":"Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:59:17Z","publisher":"Springer","title":"Rayleigh-type isoperimetric inequality with a homogeneous magnetic field","doi":"10.1007/BF01254348","month":"04","extern":1,"quality_controlled":0,"volume":4,"date_published":"1996-04-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","intvolume":" 4","citation":{"chicago":"Erdös, László. “Rayleigh-Type Isoperimetric Inequality with a Homogeneous Magnetic Field.” Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations. Springer, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01254348.","mla":"Erdös, László. “Rayleigh-Type Isoperimetric Inequality with a Homogeneous Magnetic Field.” Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations, vol. 4, no. 3, Springer, 1996, pp. 283–92, doi:10.1007/BF01254348.","ama":"Erdös L. Rayleigh-type isoperimetric inequality with a homogeneous magnetic field. Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations. 1996;4(3):283-292. doi:10.1007/BF01254348","short":"L. Erdös, Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations 4 (1996) 283–292.","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Rayleigh-type isoperimetric inequality with a homogeneous magnetic field,” Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations, vol. 4, no. 3. Springer, pp. 283–292, 1996.","apa":"Erdös, L. (1996). Rayleigh-type isoperimetric inequality with a homogeneous magnetic field. Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01254348","ista":"Erdös L. 1996. Rayleigh-type isoperimetric inequality with a homogeneous magnetic field. Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations. 4(3), 283–292."}},{"oa_version":"None","article_type":"original","volume":6,"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1996-03-01T00:00:00Z","month":"03","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Geometric and Functional Analysis","doi":"10.1007/BF02247886","publisher":"Birkhäuser","date_updated":"2022-08-11T10:05:58Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:17Z","publication_status":"published","publist_id":"4166","day":"01","author":[{"first_name":"László","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Erdös, László","last_name":"Erdös","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603"}],"page":"231 - 248","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1996","intvolume":" 6","citation":{"apa":"Erdös, L. (1996). Gaussian decay of the magnetic eigenfunctions. Geometric and Functional Analysis. Birkhäuser. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247886","ista":"Erdös L. 1996. Gaussian decay of the magnetic eigenfunctions. Geometric and Functional Analysis. 6(2), 231–248.","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Gaussian decay of the magnetic eigenfunctions,” Geometric and Functional Analysis, vol. 6, no. 2. Birkhäuser, pp. 231–248, 1996.","short":"L. Erdös, Geometric and Functional Analysis 6 (1996) 231–248.","mla":"Erdös, László. “Gaussian Decay of the Magnetic Eigenfunctions.” Geometric and Functional Analysis, vol. 6, no. 2, Birkhäuser, 1996, pp. 231–48, doi:10.1007/BF02247886.","ama":"Erdös L. Gaussian decay of the magnetic eigenfunctions. Geometric and Functional Analysis. 1996;6(2):231-248. doi:10.1007/BF02247886","chicago":"Erdös, László. “Gaussian Decay of the Magnetic Eigenfunctions.” Geometric and Functional Analysis. Birkhäuser, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247886."},"status":"public","acknowledgement":"Partial support from the Hungarian National Foundation for Scientific Research, grant no. 1902.","abstract":[{"text":"We investigate whether the eigenfunctions of the two-dimensional magnetic Schrödinger operator have a Gaussian decay of type exp(-Cx2) at infinity (the magnetic field is rotationally symmetric). We establish this decay if the energy (E) of the eigenfunction is below the bottom of the essential spectrum (B), and if the angular Fourier components of the external potential decay exponentially (real analyticity in the angle variable). We also demonstrate that almost the same decay is necessary. The behavior of C in the strong field limit and in the small (B - E) limit is also studied.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","_id":"2726","title":"Gaussian decay of the magnetic eigenfunctions","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1016-443X"]},"issue":"2","scopus_import":"1"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1996","scopus_import":"1","page":"41-44","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530","last_name":"Henzinger","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630","first_name":"Monika H","full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H"},{"last_name":"Williamson","first_name":"David P.","full_name":"Williamson, David P."}],"issue":"1","day":"08","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2022-08-08T11:49:48Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0020-0190"]},"publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8","title":"On the number of small cuts in a graph","date_updated":"2022-09-12T09:39:51Z","_id":"11761","publication":"Information Processing Letters","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"text":"We prove that in an undirected graph there are at most O(n²) cuts of size strictly less than of the size of the minimum cut.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","month":"07","status":"public","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1996-07-08T00:00:00Z","volume":59,"citation":{"ista":"Henzinger MH, Williamson DP. 1996. On the number of small cuts in a graph. Information Processing Letters. 59(1), 41–44.","apa":"Henzinger, M. H., & Williamson, D. P. (1996). On the number of small cuts in a graph. Information Processing Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8","ieee":"M. H. Henzinger and D. P. Williamson, “On the number of small cuts in a graph,” Information Processing Letters, vol. 59, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 41–44, 1996.","short":"M.H. Henzinger, D.P. Williamson, Information Processing Letters 59 (1996) 41–44.","ama":"Henzinger MH, Williamson DP. On the number of small cuts in a graph. Information Processing Letters. 1996;59(1):41-44. doi:10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8","mla":"Henzinger, Monika H., and David P. Williamson. “On the Number of Small Cuts in a Graph.” Information Processing Letters, vol. 59, no. 1, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 41–44, doi:10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8.","chicago":"Henzinger, Monika H, and David P. Williamson. “On the Number of Small Cuts in a Graph.” Information Processing Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8."},"intvolume":" 59","oa_version":"None","article_type":"original"},{"scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1996","author":[{"full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630","first_name":"Monika H","orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530","last_name":"Henzinger"},{"full_name":"Telle, Jan Arne","first_name":"Jan Arne","last_name":"Telle"}],"conference":{"location":"Reykjavik, Iceland","end_date":"1996-07-05","start_date":"1996-07-03","name":"SWAT: Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory"},"alternative_title":["LNCS"],"page":"16–27","date_created":"2022-08-11T13:42:42Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1611-3349"],"isbn":["9783540614227"],"eisbn":["9783540685296"],"issn":["0302-9743"]},"day":"01","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"text":"This paper shows how a general technique, called lock-step search, used in dynamic graph algorithms, can be used to improve the running time of two problems arising in program verification and communication protocol design.\r\n(1)We consider the nonemptiness problem for Streett automata: We are given a directed graph G = (V, E) with n = ¦V¦ and m = ¦E¦, and a collection of pairs of subsets of vertices, called Streett pairs,〈L i , U i 〉, i = 1.k. The question is whether G has a cycle (not necessarily simple) which, for each 1 ≤ i ≤ k, if it contains a vertex from L i then it also contains a vertex of U i . Let b=Σ i=1..k |L i |+|U i |. The previously best algorithm takes time O((m + b) min{n, k}). We present an algorithm that takes time 𝑂(𝑚min{𝑚𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑛,‾‾‾‾‾‾√𝑘,𝑛}+𝑏𝑚𝑖𝑛{𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑛,𝑘}).\r\n(2)In communication protocol pruning we are given a directed graph G = (V, E) with l special vertices. The problem is to efficiently maintain the strongly-connected components of the special vertices on a restricted set of edge deletions. Let m i be the number of edges in the strongly connected component of the ith special vertex. The previously best algorithm repeatedly recomputes the strongly-connected components which leads to a running time of O(Σ i m 2i). We present an algorithm with time 𝑂(𝑙√∑𝑖𝑚1.5𝑖).","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-02-14T07:52:17Z","title":"Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117","publication":"5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory","_id":"11804","month":"07","quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","type":"conference","date_published":"1996-07-01T00:00:00Z","volume":1097,"status":"public","oa_version":"None","intvolume":" 1097","citation":{"chicago":"Henzinger, Monika H, and Jan Arne Telle. “Faster Algorithms for the Nonemptiness of Streett Automata and for Communication Protocol Pruning.” In 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, 1097:16–27. Springer Nature, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117.","mla":"Henzinger, Monika H., and Jan Arne Telle. “Faster Algorithms for the Nonemptiness of Streett Automata and for Communication Protocol Pruning.” 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, vol. 1097, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 16–27, doi:10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117.","ama":"Henzinger MH, Telle JA. Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning. In: 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory. Vol 1097. Springer Nature; 1996:16–27. doi:10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117","ieee":"M. H. Henzinger and J. A. Telle, “Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning,” in 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1996, vol. 1097, pp. 16–27.","short":"M.H. Henzinger, J.A. Telle, in:, 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 16–27.","apa":"Henzinger, M. H., & Telle, J. A. (1996). Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning. In 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory (Vol. 1097, pp. 16–27). Reykjavik, Iceland: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117","ista":"Henzinger MH, Telle JA. 1996. Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning. 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory. SWAT: Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, LNCS, vol. 1097, 16–27."}},{"status":"public","date_published":"1996-07-01T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","volume":1099,"intvolume":" 1099","citation":{"apa":"Henzinger, M. H., & Thorup, M. (1996). Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms. In 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (Vol. 1099, pp. 290–299). Paderborn, Germany: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136","ista":"Henzinger MH, Thorup M. 1996. Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms. 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming. ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, LNCS, vol. 1099, 290–299.","short":"M.H. Henzinger, M. Thorup, in:, 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 290–299.","ieee":"M. H. Henzinger and M. Thorup, “Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms,” in 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Paderborn, Germany, 1996, vol. 1099, pp. 290–299.","mla":"Henzinger, Monika H., and Mikkel Thorup. “Improved Sampling with Applications to Dynamic Graph Algorithms.” 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, vol. 1099, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 290–99, doi:10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136.","ama":"Henzinger MH, Thorup M. Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms. In: 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming. Vol 1099. Springer Nature; 1996:290-299. doi:10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136","chicago":"Henzinger, Monika H, and Mikkel Thorup. “Improved Sampling with Applications to Dynamic Graph Algorithms.” In 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, 1099:290–99. Springer Nature, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136."},"oa_version":"None","title":"Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms","publisher":"Springer Nature","date_updated":"2023-02-14T07:57:14Z","doi":"10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136","_id":"11910","publication":"23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We state a new sampling lemma and use it to improve the running time of dynamic graph algorithms.\r\n\r\nFor the dynamic connectivity problem the previously best randomized algorithm takes expected time O(log3 n) per update, amortized over Ω(m) updates. Using the new sampling lemma, we improve its running time to O(log2 n). There exists a lower bound in the cell probe model for the time per operation of Ω(log n/ log log n) for this problem.\r\n\r\nSimilarly improved running times are achieved for 2-edge connectivity, k-weight minimum spanning tree, and bipartiteness."}],"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","month":"07","conference":{"name":"ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming","start_date":"1996-07-08","end_date":"1996-07-12","location":"Paderborn, Germany"},"page":"290-299","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"author":[{"full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H","first_name":"Monika H","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630","last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530"},{"first_name":"Mikkel","full_name":"Thorup, Mikkel","last_name":"Thorup"}],"day":"01","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1611-3349"],"issn":["0302-9743"],"isbn":["9783540614401"],"eisbn":["9783540685807"]},"date_created":"2022-08-18T06:42:24Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1996","scopus_import":"1"},{"date_published":"1996-01-28T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/313852.314080","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Henzinger, Monika H, Valerie King, and Tandy Warnow. “Constructing a Tree from Homeomorphic Subtrees, with Applications to Computational Evolutionary Biology.” In 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 333–40. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1996.","mla":"Henzinger, Monika H., et al. “Constructing a Tree from Homeomorphic Subtrees, with Applications to Computational Evolutionary Biology.” 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1996, pp. 333–40.","ama":"Henzinger MH, King V, Warnow T. Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology. In: 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics; 1996:333-340.","ieee":"M. H. Henzinger, V. King, and T. Warnow, “Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology,” in 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Atlanta, GA, United States, 1996, pp. 333–340.","short":"M.H. Henzinger, V. King, T. Warnow, in:, 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1996, pp. 333–340.","apa":"Henzinger, M. H., King, V., & Warnow, T. (1996). Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology. In 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (pp. 333–340). Atlanta, GA, United States: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.","ista":"Henzinger MH, King V, Warnow T. 1996. Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology. 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 333–340."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We are given a set 7 = {Tl , Tz, . . . , Tk} of rooted binary trees, each Ti leaf-labeled by a subset L(x) c {1,2 )...) n}. IfT is a tree on {1,2, . . , n}, we let T]L denote the subtree of T induced by the nodes of L and all their ancestors. The consensus tree problem asks whether there exists a tree T* such that for every I, T’ IC(Ti) is homeomorphic to Ti. We present algorithms which test if a given set of trees has a consensus tree and if so, construct one. The deterministic algorithm takes time min{O(mn’/‘), O(m + n2 logn)}, where m = Ci IZl and uses linear space. The randomized algorithm takes\r\ntime O(m log3 n) and uses linear space. The previous best for this problem was an 1981 O(mn) algorithm by Aho et al. Our faster deterministic algorithm uses a new efficient algorithm for the following interesting dynamic graph problem: Given a graph G with n nodes and m edges and a sequence of b batches of one or more edge deletions, then after each batch, either find a new component that has just been created or determine that there is no such component. For this\r\nproblem, we have a simple algorithm with running time O(n2 log n + be min{ n2, m log n}), where be is the number of batches which do not result in a new component. For our particular application, bc 5 1. If all edges are deleted, then the best previously known deterministic algorithm requires time O(mJ;ii) to solve this problem. computational evolutionary biology. The first application is in the problem of inferring consensus of trees when there can be disagreement[l6]. There have, been several models suggested for this problem[2, 3, 4, 8, ?, 11, 17, 181, of which one is called the Local Consensus Tree[l5]. The local consensus tree model presumes that the user provides a local consensus rule which determines the form of the output tree on (perhaps) each triple of leaves, and the objective is to determine whether a tree exists which is consistent with each of the constraints. We will show that we can construct the local consensus tree of k trees on n species in O(kn3) time, improving on the O(lcn3 + n”) running time if we use the Aho et al algorithm. The second application is a\r\nheuristic for constructing the maximum likelihood tree based upon combining solutions to small subproblems.\r\nThis is a simple and yet potentially significantly interesting approach to the evolutionary tree construction\r\nproblem. "}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms","_id":"11927","publisher":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","title":"Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology","date_updated":"2023-02-21T16:24:53Z","month":"01","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530","last_name":"Henzinger","full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H","first_name":"Monika H","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630"},{"first_name":"Valerie","full_name":"King, Valerie","last_name":"King"},{"last_name":"Warnow","first_name":"Tandy","full_name":"Warnow, Tandy"}],"page":"333 -340","conference":{"start_date":"1996-01-28","name":"SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms","location":"Atlanta, GA, United States","end_date":"1996-01-30"},"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["0898713668"]},"date_created":"2022-08-19T06:57:47Z","publication_status":"published","day":"28","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1996","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"later_version","id":"11679"}]}},{"article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["7578218"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","volume":1231,"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1995-10-10T00:00:00Z","month":"10","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics","doi":"10.1016/0005-2728(95)00096-2","date_updated":"2022-06-29T15:04:47Z","publisher":"Elsevier","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:50Z","publication_status":"published","publist_id":"5142","day":"10","author":[{"full_name":"Sazanov, Leonid A","first_name":"Leonid A","id":"338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Sazanov","orcid":"0000-0002-0977-7989"},{"last_name":"Jackson","full_name":"Jackson, Baz","first_name":"Baz"}],"page":"304 - 312","year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0005272895000962?via%3Dihub"}],"citation":{"mla":"Sazanov, Leonid A., and Baz Jackson. “Cyclic Reactions Catalysed by Detergent-Dispersed and Reconstituted Transhydrogenase from Beef Heart Mitochondria; Implications for the Mechanism of Proton Translocation.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, vol. 1231, no. 3, Elsevier, 1995, pp. 304–12, doi:10.1016/0005-2728(95)00096-2.","ama":"Sazanov LA, Jackson B. Cyclic reactions catalysed by detergent-dispersed and reconstituted transhydrogenase from beef heart mitochondria; implications for the mechanism of proton translocation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1995;1231(3):304-312. doi:10.1016/0005-2728(95)00096-2","chicago":"Sazanov, Leonid A, and Baz Jackson. “Cyclic Reactions Catalysed by Detergent-Dispersed and Reconstituted Transhydrogenase from Beef Heart Mitochondria; Implications for the Mechanism of Proton Translocation.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. Elsevier, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(95)00096-2.","apa":"Sazanov, L. A., & Jackson, B. (1995). Cyclic reactions catalysed by detergent-dispersed and reconstituted transhydrogenase from beef heart mitochondria; implications for the mechanism of proton translocation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(95)00096-2","ista":"Sazanov LA, Jackson B. 1995. Cyclic reactions catalysed by detergent-dispersed and reconstituted transhydrogenase from beef heart mitochondria; implications for the mechanism of proton translocation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1231(3), 304–312.","ieee":"L. A. Sazanov and B. Jackson, “Cyclic reactions catalysed by detergent-dispersed and reconstituted transhydrogenase from beef heart mitochondria; implications for the mechanism of proton translocation,” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, vol. 1231, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 304–312, 1995.","short":"L.A. Sazanov, B. Jackson, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics 1231 (1995) 304–312."},"intvolume":" 1231","status":"public","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"L.A.S. is grateful to the Wellcome Trust for a Research Fellowship. Support from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council is also acknowledged. We thank our colleagues. Tania Bizouarn, Mike Hutton and Nick Cotton, for advice and valuable discussion. ","abstract":[{"text":"Transhydrogenase from beef-heart mitochondria was solubilised with Triton X-100 and purified by column chromatography. The detergent-dispersed enzyme catalysed the reduction of acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide (AcPdAD+) by NADH, but only in the presence of NADP+. Experiments showed that this reaction was cyclic; NADP(H), whilst remaining bound to the enzyme, was alternately reduced by NADH and oxidised by AcPdAD+. A period of incubation of the enzyme with NADPH at pH 6.0 led to inhibition of the simple transhydrogenation reaction between AcPdAD+ and NADPH. However, after such treatment, transhydrogenase acquired the ability to catalyse the (NADPH-dependent) reduction of AcPdAD+ by NADH. It is suggested that this is a similar cycle to the one described above. Evidently, the binding affinity for NADP+ increases as a consequence of the inhibition process resulting from prolonged incubation with NADPH. The pH dependences of simple and cyclic transhydrogenation reactions are described. Though more complex than those in Escherichia coli transhydrogenase, they are consistent with the view [Hutton, M., Day, J.M., Bizouarn, T. and Jackson, J.B. (1994) Eur. J. Biochem. 219, 1041–10511] that, also in the mitochondrial enzyme, binding the release of NADP+ and NADP are accompanied by binding and release of a proton. The enzyme was successfully reconstituted into liposomes by a cholate dilution procedure. The proteoliposomes catalysed cyclic NADPH-dependent reduction of AcPdAD+ by NADH only when they were tightly coupled. However, they catalysed cyclic NADP+-dependent reduction of AcPdAD+ by NADH only when they were uncoupled eg. by addition of carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone. These observations are evidence that the proton binding and release which accompany NADP+ binding and release, respectively, take place on the inside of the vesicle, and that they are components of the electrogenic processes of the enzyme.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","_id":"1943","title":"Cyclic reactions catalysed by detergent-dispersed and reconstituted transhydrogenase from beef heart mitochondria; implications for the mechanism of proton translocation","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0005-2728"]},"issue":"3"},{"status":"public","date_published":"1995-01-15T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","volume":9,"intvolume":" 9","citation":{"chicago":"Bono, Mario de, D. Zarkower, and J. Hodgkin. “Dominant Feminizing Mutations Implicate Protein-Protein Interactions as the Main Mode of Regulation of the Nematode Sex-Determining Gene Tra-1.” Genes and Development. CSH Press, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.9.2.155.","mla":"de Bono, Mario, et al. “Dominant Feminizing Mutations Implicate Protein-Protein Interactions as the Main Mode of Regulation of the Nematode Sex-Determining Gene Tra-1.” Genes and Development, vol. 9, no. 2, CSH Press, 1995, pp. 155–67, doi:10.1101/gad.9.2.155.","ama":"de Bono M, Zarkower D, Hodgkin J. Dominant feminizing mutations implicate protein-protein interactions as the main mode of regulation of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1. Genes and Development. 1995;9(2):155-167. doi:10.1101/gad.9.2.155","ieee":"M. de Bono, D. Zarkower, and J. Hodgkin, “Dominant feminizing mutations implicate protein-protein interactions as the main mode of regulation of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1,” Genes and Development, vol. 9, no. 2. CSH Press, pp. 155–167, 1995.","short":"M. de Bono, D. Zarkower, J. Hodgkin, Genes and Development 9 (1995) 155–167.","apa":"de Bono, M., Zarkower, D., & Hodgkin, J. (1995). Dominant feminizing mutations implicate protein-protein interactions as the main mode of regulation of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1. Genes and Development. CSH Press. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.9.2.155","ista":"de Bono M, Zarkower D, Hodgkin J. 1995. Dominant feminizing mutations implicate protein-protein interactions as the main mode of regulation of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1. Genes and Development. 9(2), 155–167."},"oa_version":"None","external_id":{"pmid":["7851791"]},"publisher":"CSH Press","title":"Dominant feminizing mutations implicate protein-protein interactions as the main mode of regulation of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:06:29Z","doi":"10.1101/gad.9.2.155","publication":"Genes and Development","_id":"6162","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The tra-1 gene is the terminal global selector of somatic sex in Caenorhabditis elegans: High tra-1 activity elicits female somatic development while low tra-1 activity elicits male development. Previous genetic studies defined a cascade of negatively interacting genes that regulates tra-1 activity in response to the primary sex-determining signal. Here, we investigate the last step in this regulatory cascade, by studying rare gain-of-function (gf) mutations of tra-1 that direct female somatic development irrespective of the upstream sex-determining signal. These mutations appear to abolish negative regulation of tra-1 in male tissues. We identify the lesions associated with 29 of these mutations and find that all affect a short stretch of amino acid residues present in both protein products of the tra-1 gene. Twenty-six alleles are associated with single nonconservative amino acid substitutions. Two alleles affect tra-1 RNA splicing and generate messages that omit part or all of the exon encoding this short stretch. These results suggest that sexual regulation of tra-1 is achieved post-translationally, by an inhibitory protein-protein interaction. The amino acid stretch altered by the tra-1(gf) mutations may define a site of interaction for negative regulators of tra-1. The stretch includes a potential phosphorylation site for glycogen synthase kinase 3 and may be conserved in the human gene GLI3, a homolog of tra-1 identified previously."}],"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","month":"01","pmid":1,"page":"155-167","issue":"2","author":[{"first_name":"Mario","id":"4E3FF80E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"de Bono, Mario","orcid":"0000-0001-8347-0443","last_name":"de Bono"},{"last_name":"Zarkower","full_name":"Zarkower, D.","first_name":"D."},{"last_name":"Hodgkin","first_name":"J.","full_name":"Hodgkin, J."}],"day":"15","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["08909369"]},"date_created":"2019-03-21T11:57:40Z","year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"type":"book_chapter","date_published":"1995-01-01T00:00:00Z","status":"public","oa_version":"None","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_16"}],"editor":[{"first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert","last_name":"Sakmann"},{"first_name":"Erwin","full_name":"Neher, Erwin","last_name":"Neher"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Monyer, Hannah, and Peter M Jonas. “Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Ion Channel Expression in Single Neurons of Brain Slices.” In Single-Channel Recording, edited by Bert Sakmann and Erwin Neher, 357–73. Plenum, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_16.","ama":"Monyer H, Jonas PM. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of ion channel expression in single neurons of brain slices. In: Sakmann B, Neher E, eds. Single-Channel Recording. Plenum; 1995:357-373. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_16","mla":"Monyer, Hannah, and Peter M. Jonas. “Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Ion Channel Expression in Single Neurons of Brain Slices.” Single-Channel Recording, edited by Bert Sakmann and Erwin Neher, Plenum, 1995, pp. 357–73, doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_16.","short":"H. Monyer, P.M. Jonas, in:, B. Sakmann, E. Neher (Eds.), Single-Channel Recording, Plenum, 1995, pp. 357–373.","ieee":"H. Monyer and P. M. Jonas, “Polymerase chain reaction analysis of ion channel expression in single neurons of brain slices,” in Single-channel recording, B. Sakmann and E. Neher, Eds. Plenum, 1995, pp. 357–373.","ista":"Monyer H, Jonas PM. 1995.Polymerase chain reaction analysis of ion channel expression in single neurons of brain slices. In: Single-channel recording. , 357–373.","apa":"Monyer, H., & Jonas, P. M. (1995). Polymerase chain reaction analysis of ion channel expression in single neurons of brain slices. In B. Sakmann & E. Neher (Eds.), Single-channel recording (pp. 357–373). Plenum. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_16"},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The study of gene expression and regulation in the central nervous system (CNS) is a daunting task because of the diversity of neuronal phenotypes and the complexity of many protein classes. Molecular cloning revealed the presence of a large number of different protein families in the CNS, each comprising several members. Ligand-gated ion channels may serve as an example to illustrate this point (for review, see Unwin, 1993). Heterologous expression combined with electrophysiological analysis suggests that ligand-gated channels are multimeric proteins with functional properties depending on the subunit composition. Very little is known, however, about how the functional properties of the recombinant and native receptors relate to each other. Thus, it is of eminent importance to elucidate the subunit expression profile in different types of neurons in the CNS and to correlate this with the functional properties of the native receptors."}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_processing_charge":"No","_id":"3454","publication":"Single-channel recording","date_updated":"2022-06-28T09:13:01Z","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_16","title":"Polymerase chain reaction analysis of ion channel expression in single neurons of brain slices","publisher":"Plenum","month":"01","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Monyer","full_name":"Monyer, Hannah","first_name":"Hannah"},{"full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","first_name":"Peter M","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","last_name":"Jonas"}],"page":"357 - 373","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-0-306-44870-6"]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:25Z","publist_id":"2933","publication_status":"published","day":"01","year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","abstract":[{"text":"At a synapse, the transmitter is stored in synaptic vesicles and is released into the synaptic cleft almost instantaneously upon fusion of these vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. Subsequently, the transmitter diffuses to ligand-gated ion channels in the postsynaptic density, binds to them, and thereby causes channel activation. Unfortunately, we have estimates neither of the exact amount of transmitter in the synaptic vesicle nor of the concentration in the synaptic cleft reaching the postsynaptic receptors, and in some cases even the identity of the transmitter is unknown. These questions may be addressed by modeling of release and diffusion. Such a theoretical approach, however, is based on several assumptions, some of which lack experimental evidence.","lang":"eng"}],"publisher":"Plenum","date_updated":"2022-06-28T08:51:40Z","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_10","title":"Fast application of agonists to isolated membrane patches","publication":"Single-channel recording","_id":"3455","month":"01","quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","type":"book_chapter","date_published":"1995-01-01T00:00:00Z","status":"public","oa_version":"None","citation":{"chicago":"Jonas, Peter M. “Fast Application of Agonists to Isolated Membrane Patches.” In Single-Channel Recording, edited by Bert Sakmann and Erwin Neher, 231–43. Plenum, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_10.","mla":"Jonas, Peter M. “Fast Application of Agonists to Isolated Membrane Patches.” Single-Channel Recording, edited by Bert Sakmann and Erwin Neher, Plenum, 1995, pp. 231–43, doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_10.","ama":"Jonas PM. Fast application of agonists to isolated membrane patches. In: Sakmann B, Neher E, eds. Single-Channel Recording. Plenum; 1995:231-243. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_10","ieee":"P. M. Jonas, “Fast application of agonists to isolated membrane patches,” in Single-channel recording, B. Sakmann and E. Neher, Eds. Plenum, 1995, pp. 231–243.","short":"P.M. Jonas, in:, B. Sakmann, E. Neher (Eds.), Single-Channel Recording, Plenum, 1995, pp. 231–243.","apa":"Jonas, P. M. (1995). Fast application of agonists to isolated membrane patches. In B. Sakmann & E. Neher (Eds.), Single-channel recording (pp. 231–243). Plenum. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_10","ista":"Jonas PM. 1995.Fast application of agonists to isolated membrane patches. In: Single-channel recording. , 231–243."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4419-1229-9_10"}],"editor":[{"first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert","last_name":"Sakmann"},{"full_name":"Neher, Erwin","first_name":"Erwin","last_name":"Neher"}],"year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Jonas","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Peter M"}],"page":"231 - 243","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-0-306-44870-6"]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:25Z","day":"01","publist_id":"2932","publication_status":"published"},{"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1995-11-01T00:00:00Z","volume":15,"article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["7576666"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","date_updated":"2022-06-28T08:34:36Z","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0896-6273(95)90087-X","publication":"Neuron","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"extern":"1","month":"11","page":"987 - 990","author":[{"full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","first_name":"Peter M","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Jonas","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804"},{"full_name":"Burnashev, Nail","first_name":"Nail","last_name":"Burnashev"}],"day":"01","publication_status":"published","publist_id":"2926","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:27Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1995","status":"public","citation":{"ieee":"P. M. Jonas and N. Burnashev, “Molecular mechanisms controlling calcium entry through AMPA-type glutamate receptor channels,” Neuron, vol. 15, no. 5. Elsevier, pp. 987–990, 1995.","short":"P.M. Jonas, N. Burnashev, Neuron 15 (1995) 987–990.","ista":"Jonas PM, Burnashev N. 1995. Molecular mechanisms controlling calcium entry through AMPA-type glutamate receptor channels. Neuron. 15(5), 987–990.","apa":"Jonas, P. M., & Burnashev, N. (1995). Molecular mechanisms controlling calcium entry through AMPA-type glutamate receptor channels. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(95)90087-X","chicago":"Jonas, Peter M, and Nail Burnashev. “Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Calcium Entry through AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptor Channels.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(95)90087-X.","ama":"Jonas PM, Burnashev N. Molecular mechanisms controlling calcium entry through AMPA-type glutamate receptor channels. Neuron. 1995;15(5):987-990. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90087-X","mla":"Jonas, Peter M., and Nail Burnashev. “Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Calcium Entry through AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptor Channels.” Neuron, vol. 15, no. 5, Elsevier, 1995, pp. 987–90, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90087-X."},"intvolume":" 15","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089662739590087X?via%3Dihub"}],"title":"Molecular mechanisms controlling calcium entry through AMPA-type glutamate receptor channels","_id":"3461","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","pmid":1,"issue":"5","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"scopus_import":"1"},{"author":[{"last_name":"Spruston","full_name":"Spruston, Nelson","first_name":"Nelson"},{"first_name":"Peter M","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","last_name":"Jonas"},{"last_name":"Sakmann","first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert"}],"page":"325 - 352","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:32Z","day":"15","publication_status":"published","publist_id":"2909","year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1995-01-15T00:00:00Z","volume":482,"external_id":{"pmid":["7536248"]},"article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020521","date_updated":"2022-06-28T08:08:40Z","publication":"Journal of Physiology","month":"01","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"extern":"1","issue":"Pt 2","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-3751"]},"status":"public","intvolume":" 482","citation":{"ama":"Spruston N, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. Dendritic glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons. Journal of Physiology. 1995;482(Pt 2):325-352. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020521","mla":"Spruston, Nelson, et al. “Dendritic Glutamate Receptor Channels in Rat Hippocampal CA3 and CA1 Pyramidal Neurons.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 482, no. Pt 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1995, pp. 325–52, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020521.","chicago":"Spruston, Nelson, Peter M Jonas, and Bert Sakmann. “Dendritic Glutamate Receptor Channels in Rat Hippocampal CA3 and CA1 Pyramidal Neurons.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020521.","ista":"Spruston N, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. 1995. Dendritic glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons. Journal of Physiology. 482(Pt 2), 325–352.","apa":"Spruston, N., Jonas, P. M., & Sakmann, B. (1995). Dendritic glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020521","ieee":"N. Spruston, P. M. Jonas, and B. Sakmann, “Dendritic glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 482, no. Pt 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 325–352, 1995.","short":"N. Spruston, P.M. Jonas, B. Sakmann, Journal of Physiology 482 (1995) 325–352."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020521","open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","abstract":[{"text":"1. Properties of dendritic glutamate receptor (GluR) channels were investigated using fast application of glutamate to outside-out membrane patches isolated from the apical dendrites of CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal slices. CA3 patches were formed (15-76 μm from the soma) in the region of messy fibre (MF) synapses, and CA1 patches (25-174 μm from the soma) in the region of Schaffer collateral (SC) innervation. 2. Dual-component responses consisting of a rapidly rising and decaying component followed by a second, substantially slower, component were elicited by 1 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate in the presence of 10 μM glycine and absence of external Mg2+. The fast component was selectively blocked by 2-5 μM 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and the slow component by 30 μM D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D-AP5), suggesting that the fast and slow components were mediated by the GluR channels of the L-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) and NMDA type, respectively. The peak amplitude ratio of the NMDA to AMPA receptor-mediated components varied between 0.03 and 0.62 in patches from both CA3 and CA1 dendrites. Patches lacking either component were rarely observed. 3. The peak current-voltage (I-V) relationship of the fast component was almost linear, whereas the I-V relationship of the slow component showed a region of negative slope in the presence of 1 mM external Mg2+. The reversal potential for both components was close to 0 mV. 4. Kainate-preferring GluR channels did not contribute appreciably to the response to glutamate. The responses to 100 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate were mimicked by application of 1 mM AMPA, whereas 1 mM kainate produced much smaller, weakly desensitizing currents. This suggests that the fast component is primarily mediated by the action of glutamate on AMPA-preferring receptors. 5. The mean elementary conductance of AMPA receptor channels was about 10 pS, as estimated by non-stationary fluctuation analysis. The permeability of these channels to Ca2+ was low (~5% of the permeability to Cs+). 6. The elementary conductance of NMDA receptor channels was larger, with a main conductance state of about 45 pS. These channels were 3.6 times more permeable to Ca2+ than to Cs+. 7. AMPA receptor-mediated currents activated rapidly in response to 1 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate and deactivated with a predominant, fast time constant and a smaller, slower component (τ1≃2 ms, τ2≃8 ms, contributing ~80 and ~20% to the total decay amplitude, respectively). Desensitization of the current during a 100 ms pulse was best fitted by two time constants (τ1≃10 ms, ~60%; τ2≃34 ms, ~40%). 8. NMDA receptor-mediated currents in response to 1 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate activated and deactivated much more slowly than AMPA receptor-mediated currents. The time course could be described by a single exponential rising phase (τ≃7 ms) followed by a double exponential decay (τ1≃200 ms, ~80%; τ2≃1-3 s, ~20%). 9. Mg2+ blocked the NMDA component in a voltage-dependent manner, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 21 μM at -80 mV. At physiological Mg2+ concentrations, block of the NMDA component could be rapidly relieved with voltage jumps from negative to positive potentials. Block of the current upon return to negative potentials occurred almost instantaneously. 10. Zn2+ also selectively-blocked the NMDA receptor-mediated current with an IC50 of 22 μM, but this block differed from that of Mg2+ in that it showed little voltage dependence. Rapid application of Zn2+ together with glutamate produced partial block of the current. More block was observed if Zn2+ and glutamate were co-applied when NMDA receptor channels were already open. 11. The functional properties of dendritic GluRs were similar to those found at the soma. Knowledge of these properties facilitated simulations investigating the contribution of coactivated AMPA and NMDA receptors to synaptic depolarization and Ca2+ entry into dendritic spines. Because of its slow deactivation, the NMDA receptor-mediated current contributes substantially to depolarization and Ca2+ entry and is susceptible to modulation over a period of seconds, either by backpropagating action potentials or by the release of Zn2+ from presynaptic boutons.","lang":"eng"}],"title":"Dendritic glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons","_id":"3478","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank M.Hausser, A.Roth, P.Ruppersberg, and G.Stuart for helpful discussions and M.H. and G.S. for critically reading the manuscript. We also thank M.Kaiser for expert technical assistance and F.Helmchen, M.Huke and A.Roth for computer programming. Financial support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB317) is gratefully acknowledged."},{"pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank Drs M.Häusser and H.Markram for critically reading the manuscript and M.Kaiser for technical assistance. Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB-317/B14 grant to P.J. and a Graduiertenkollegstipendium to J.R.P.G.)","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","abstract":[{"text":"1. Glutamate receptor (GluR) channels were studied in basket cells in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal slices. Basket cells were identified by their location, dendritic morphology and high frequency of action potentials generated during sustained current injection. 2. Dual-component currents were activated by fast application of glutamate to outside-out membrane patches isolated from basket cell somata (10 μM glycine, no external Mg2+). The fast component was selectively blocked by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), the slow component by D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D-AP5). This suggests that the two components were mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptor (AMPAR)/kainate receptor and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) channels, respectively. The mean ratio of the peak current of the NMDAR component to that of the AMPAR/kainate receptor component was 0.22 (1 ms pulses of 10 mM glutamate). 3. The AMPAR/kainate receptor component, which was studied in isolation in the presence of D-AP5, was identified as AMPAR mediated on the basis of the preferential activation by AMPA as compared with kainate, the weak desensitization of kainate-activated currents, the cross-desensitization between AMPA and kainate, and the reduction of desensitization by cyclothiazide. 4. Deactivation of basket cell AMPARs following 1 ms pulses of glutamate occurred with a time constant (τ) of 1.2 ± 0.1 ms (mean ± S.E.M.). During 100 ms glutamate pulses, AMPARs desensitized with a τ of 3.7 ± 0.2 ms. 5. The peak current-voltage (I-V) relation of AMPAR-mediated currents in Na+-rich extracellular solution showed a reversal potential of -4.0 ± 2.6 mV and was characterized by a doubly rectifying shape. The conductance of single AMPAR channels was estimated as 22.6 ± 1.6 pS using non-stationary fluctuation analysis. AMPARs expressed in hippocampal basket cells mere highly Ca2+ permeable (P(Ca)/P(K) = 1.79). 6. NMDARs in hippocampal basket cells were studied in isolation in the presence of CNQX. Deactivation of NMDARs activated by glutamate pulses occurred bi-exponentially with mean τ values of 266 ± 23 ms (76%) and 2620 ± 383 ms (24%). 7. The peak I-V relation of the NMDAR-mediated component in Na+-rich extracellular solution showed a reversal potential of 1.5 ± 0.6 mV and a region of negative slope at negative membrane potentials in the presence of external Mg2+, due to voltage-dependent block by these ions. The conductance of single NMDAR channels in the main open state was 50.2 ± 1.8 pS. NMDARs in hippocampal basket cells were highly permeable to Ca2+ (P(Ca)/P(K) = 6.68). 8. AMPARs in hippocampal basket cells are characterized by about threefold faster kinetics and twentyfold higher Ca2+ permeability than AMPARs in hippocampal granule or pyramidal cells. Simulations show that the Ca2+ influx through basket cell AMPARs is comparable to that through NMDARs at negative membrane potentials with physiological concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+. This suggests a dual pathway of synaptically mediated Ca2+ entry into interneurones.","lang":"eng"}],"title":"Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA and NMDA receptor channels in basket cells of rat hippocampal dentate gyrus","_id":"3479","citation":{"chicago":"Koh, Duk, Jörg Geiger, Peter M Jonas, and Bert Sakmann. “Ca(2+)-Permeable AMPA and NMDA Receptor Channels in Basket Cells of Rat Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020737.","mla":"Koh, Duk, et al. “Ca(2+)-Permeable AMPA and NMDA Receptor Channels in Basket Cells of Rat Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 485, no. Pt 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1995, pp. 383–402, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020737.","ama":"Koh D, Geiger J, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA and NMDA receptor channels in basket cells of rat hippocampal dentate gyrus. Journal of Physiology. 1995;485(Pt 2):383-402. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020737","short":"D. Koh, J. Geiger, P.M. Jonas, B. Sakmann, Journal of Physiology 485 (1995) 383–402.","ieee":"D. Koh, J. Geiger, P. M. Jonas, and B. Sakmann, “Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA and NMDA receptor channels in basket cells of rat hippocampal dentate gyrus,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 485, no. Pt 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 383–402, 1995.","apa":"Koh, D., Geiger, J., Jonas, P. M., & Sakmann, B. (1995). Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA and NMDA receptor channels in basket cells of rat hippocampal dentate gyrus. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020737","ista":"Koh D, Geiger J, Jonas PM, Sakmann B. 1995. Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA and NMDA receptor channels in basket cells of rat hippocampal dentate gyrus. Journal of Physiology. 485(Pt 2), 383–402."},"intvolume":" 485","main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1158000/pdf/jphysiol00319-0104.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-3751"]},"issue":"Pt 2","month":"06","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020737","date_updated":"2022-06-28T07:54:44Z","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publication":"Journal of Physiology","oa_version":"Published Version","article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["7545230"]},"date_published":"1995-06-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","volume":485,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1995","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:33Z","day":"01","publist_id":"2908","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Koh","first_name":"Duk","full_name":"Koh, Duk"},{"last_name":"Geiger","full_name":"Geiger, Jörg","first_name":"Jörg"},{"first_name":"Peter M","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","last_name":"Jonas","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804"},{"last_name":"Sakmann","first_name":"Bert","full_name":"Sakmann, Bert"}],"page":"383 - 402"},{"citation":{"ista":"Geiger J, Melcher T, Koh D, Sakmann B, Seeburg P, Jonas PM, Monyer H. 1995. Relative abundance of subunit mRNAs determines gating and Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA receptors in principal neurons and interneurons in rat CNS. Neuron. 15(1), 193–204.","apa":"Geiger, J., Melcher, T., Koh, D., Sakmann, B., Seeburg, P., Jonas, P. M., & Monyer, H. (1995). Relative abundance of subunit mRNAs determines gating and Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA receptors in principal neurons and interneurons in rat CNS. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(95)90076-4","short":"J. Geiger, T. Melcher, D. Koh, B. Sakmann, P. Seeburg, P.M. Jonas, H. Monyer, Neuron 15 (1995) 193–204.","ieee":"J. Geiger et al., “Relative abundance of subunit mRNAs determines gating and Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA receptors in principal neurons and interneurons in rat CNS,” Neuron, vol. 15, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 193–204, 1995.","ama":"Geiger J, Melcher T, Koh D, et al. Relative abundance of subunit mRNAs determines gating and Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA receptors in principal neurons and interneurons in rat CNS. Neuron. 1995;15(1):193-204. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90076-4","mla":"Geiger, Jörg, et al. “Relative Abundance of Subunit MRNAs Determines Gating and Ca(2+) Permeability of AMPA Receptors in Principal Neurons and Interneurons in Rat CNS.” Neuron, vol. 15, no. 1, Elsevier, 1995, pp. 193–204, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90076-4.","chicago":"Geiger, Jörg, Thorsten Melcher, Duk Koh, Bert Sakmann, Peter Seeburg, Peter M Jonas, and Hannah Monyer. “Relative Abundance of Subunit MRNAs Determines Gating and Ca(2+) Permeability of AMPA Receptors in Principal Neurons and Interneurons in Rat CNS.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(95)90076-4."},"intvolume":" 15","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0896627395900764?via%3Dihub","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","acknowledgement":"We thank Ulla Amtmann for efficient help with the molecular analysis. We also thank M. Kaiser for technical assistance, Dr. J. G. G. Borst for advice concerning preparation of brainstem slices, and Drs. N. Spruston and G. Stuart for critically reading the manuscript. Funded in part by Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie grant BCT 364 AZ 321/7291 (P. H. S.) and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaftgrant SFB-3171814(P. J.). J. R. P. G. and T. M. were supported by the graduate program of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology of the University of Heidelberg. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby\r\nmarked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC Section 1734 solely to Indicate this fact.","pmid":1,"title":"Relative abundance of subunit mRNAs determines gating and Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA receptors in principal neurons and interneurons in rat CNS","_id":"3480","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Recording of glutamate-activated currents in membrane patches was combine with RT-PCR-mediated AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit mRNA analysis in single identified cells of rat brain slices. Analysis of AMPARs in principal neurons end interneurons of hippocampus and neocortex and in auditory relay neurons and Bergmann glial cells indicates that the GluR-B subunit in its flip version determines formation of receptors with relatively slow gating, whereas the GluR-D subunit promotes assembly of more rapidly gated receptors. The relation between Ca 2+ permeability of AMPAR channels and the relative GluR-B mRNA abundance is consistent with the dominance of this subunit in determining the Ca 2+ permeability of native receptors. The results suggest that differential expression of GluR-B and GluR-D subunit genes, as well as splicing end editing of their mRNAs, account for the differences in gating and Ca 2+ permeability of native AMPAR channels."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"issue":"1","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"pmid":["7619522"]},"date_published":"1995-07-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","volume":15,"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","month":"07","date_updated":"2022-06-28T07:47:09Z","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0896-6273(95)90076-4","publication":"Neuron","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","publist_id":"2907","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:33Z","page":"193 - 204","author":[{"full_name":"Geiger, Jörg","first_name":"Jörg","last_name":"Geiger"},{"first_name":"Thorsten","full_name":"Melcher, Thorsten","last_name":"Melcher"},{"full_name":"Koh, Duk","first_name":"Duk","last_name":"Koh"},{"full_name":"Sakmann, Bert","first_name":"Bert","last_name":"Sakmann"},{"full_name":"Seeburg, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Seeburg"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","last_name":"Jonas","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Peter M","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M"},{"last_name":"Monyer","full_name":"Monyer, Hannah","first_name":"Hannah"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1995"},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:33Z","publist_id":"2906","publication_status":"published","day":"15","author":[{"full_name":"Koh, Duk","first_name":"Duk","last_name":"Koh"},{"last_name":"Burnashev","first_name":"Nail","full_name":"Burnashev, Nail"},{"last_name":"Jonas","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Peter M","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M"}],"page":"305 - 312","year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["7473198"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","volume":486,"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1995-07-15T00:00:00Z","month":"07","extern":"1","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Journal of Physiology","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","date_updated":"2022-06-27T14:53:16Z","doi":"10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020813","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-3751"]},"issue":"Pt 2","main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1156754/","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"apa":"Koh, D., Burnashev, N., & Jonas, P. M. (1995). Block of native Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors in rat brain by intracellular polyamines generates double rectification. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020813","ista":"Koh D, Burnashev N, Jonas PM. 1995. Block of native Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors in rat brain by intracellular polyamines generates double rectification. Journal of Physiology. 486(Pt 2), 305–312.","short":"D. Koh, N. Burnashev, P.M. Jonas, Journal of Physiology 486 (1995) 305–312.","ieee":"D. Koh, N. Burnashev, and P. M. Jonas, “Block of native Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors in rat brain by intracellular polyamines generates double rectification,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 486, no. Pt 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 305–312, 1995.","mla":"Koh, Duk, et al. “Block of Native Ca(2+)-Permeable AMPA Receptors in Rat Brain by Intracellular Polyamines Generates Double Rectification.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 486, no. Pt 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1995, pp. 305–12, doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020813.","ama":"Koh D, Burnashev N, Jonas PM. Block of native Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors in rat brain by intracellular polyamines generates double rectification. Journal of Physiology. 1995;486(Pt 2):305-312. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020813","chicago":"Koh, Duk, Nail Burnashev, and Peter M Jonas. “Block of Native Ca(2+)-Permeable AMPA Receptors in Rat Brain by Intracellular Polyamines Generates Double Rectification.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020813."},"intvolume":" 486","status":"public","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank Dr B.Sakmann, Dr V.Witzemann, J.Geiger, and A.Roth for helpful discussions and Dr D.Feldmeyer and Dr A.Villarroel for reading the manuscript. We also thank M.Kaiser for technical and H.Spiegel for secretarial assistance. Supported by DFG grant SFB-317/B14(P.J.).","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"1. The influence of intracellular factors on current rectification of different subtypes of native α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptors (AMPARs) was studied in rat brain slices by combining fast application of glutamate with patch pipette perfusion. 2. The peak current-voltage (I-V) relation of the AMPARs expressed in Bergmann glial cells of cerebellum and dentate gyrus (DG) basket cells of hippocampus was weakly rectifying in outside-out patches and nystatin-perforated vesicles, but showed a doubly rectifying shape with a region of reduced slope between 0 and +40 mV in nucleated patches. The I-V relation of AMPARs expressed in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurones was linear in all recording configurations. 3. Intracellular application of 2.5 μM spermine, a naturally occurring polyamine, blocked outward currents in outside-oat patches from Bergmann glial cells and DG basket cells in a voltage-dependent manner, generating I-V relations with a doubly rectifying shape which were similar to those recorded in nucleated patches. AMPARs in CA3 pyramidal cell patches were unaffected by 25 μM spermine. 4. The half-maximal blocking concentration of spermine at +40 mV was 0.3 μM in Bergmann glial cell patches and 1.5 μM in DG basket cell patches, whereas it was much higher (≥ 100 μM) for CA3 pyramidal. cell patches. Spermidine also affected current rectification, but with lower affinity. The block of outward current by polyamines following voltage jumps developed within < 0.5 ms. 5. We conclude that current rectification, rather than being an intrinsic property of the Ca2+ permeable AMPAR channel, is generated by polyamine block."}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","_id":"3481","title":"Block of native Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors in rat brain by intracellular polyamines generates double rectification"},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:55Z","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["0-8186-6930-6"]},"day":"04","publist_id":"2834","publication_status":"published","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-9823-6833","last_name":"Edelsbrunner","full_name":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert","id":"3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Herbert"},{"full_name":"Facello, Michael","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Facello"},{"first_name":"Ping","full_name":"Fu, Ping","last_name":"Fu"},{"full_name":"Liang, Jie","first_name":"Jie","last_name":"Liang"}],"conference":{"end_date":"1995-01-06","location":"Wailea, HI, United States of America","name":"HICSS: Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","start_date":"1995-01-03"},"page":"256 - 264","scopus_import":"1","year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"None","citation":{"apa":"Edelsbrunner, H., Facello, M., Fu, P., & Liang, J. (1995). Measuring proteins and voids in proteins. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 256–264). Wailea, HI, United States of America: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1995.375331","ista":"Edelsbrunner H, Facello M, Fu P, Liang J. 1995. Measuring proteins and voids in proteins. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. HICSS: Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 256–264.","ieee":"H. Edelsbrunner, M. Facello, P. Fu, and J. Liang, “Measuring proteins and voids in proteins,” in Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Wailea, HI, United States of America, 1995, pp. 256–264.","short":"H. Edelsbrunner, M. Facello, P. Fu, J. Liang, in:, Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE, 1995, pp. 256–264.","mla":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert, et al. “Measuring Proteins and Voids in Proteins.” Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE, 1995, pp. 256–64, doi:10.1109/HICSS.1995.375331.","ama":"Edelsbrunner H, Facello M, Fu P, Liang J. Measuring proteins and voids in proteins. In: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE; 1995:256-264. doi:10.1109/HICSS.1995.375331","chicago":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert, Michael Facello, Ping Fu, and Jie Liang. “Measuring Proteins and Voids in Proteins.” In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 256–64. IEEE, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1995.375331."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/375331"}],"date_published":"1995-01-04T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","status":"public","month":"01","quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Common geometric models for proteins and other molecules are the space filling diagram, the solvent accessible surface, and the molecular surface. We describe software that computes metric properties of these models, including volume and surface area. It also measures voids or empty space enclosed by the protein, and it keeps track of surface area contributions of individual atoms. The software is based on 3-dimensional alpha complexes and on inclusion-exclusion formulas with terms derived from the simplices in this complex."}],"date_updated":"2022-06-27T13:54:41Z","title":"Measuring proteins and voids in proteins","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1995.375331","publisher":"IEEE","publication":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","_id":"3551"},{"_id":"3552","publisher":"Elsevier","date_updated":"2022-06-27T13:20:29Z","title":"Alpha shapes: definition and software","abstract":[{"text":"The concept of an α-shape of a finite set of points in R^d, with weights, is defined and illustrated. An α-shape is a polytope which is not necessarily convex nor connected and can be derived from the (weighted) Delaunay triangulation of the point set, with a parameter controlling the desired level of detail. The set of all α values leads to a descrete family of shapes capturing the intuitive notion of ``crude'' versus ``fine'' shapes of a point set. Software that computes such shapes in R^2 and R^3 is available via anonymous ftp from:\r\n\r\nftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Visualization/Alpha-shape/ ","lang":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","month":"09","status":"public","type":"conference","date_published":"1995-09-11T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/cglist/GeomDir/shapes95def/"}],"citation":{"short":"N. Akkiraju, H. Edelsbrunner, M. Facello, P. Fu, E. Mücke, C. Varela, in:, Elsevier, 1995, pp. 63–66.","ieee":"N. Akkiraju, H. Edelsbrunner, M. Facello, P. Fu, E. Mücke, and C. Varela, “Alpha shapes: definition and software,” presented at the GCG: International Computational Geometry Software Workshop, 1995, pp. 63–66.","apa":"Akkiraju, N., Edelsbrunner, H., Facello, M., Fu, P., Mücke, E., & Varela, C. (1995). Alpha shapes: definition and software (pp. 63–66). Presented at the GCG: International Computational Geometry Software Workshop, Elsevier.","ista":"Akkiraju N, Edelsbrunner H, Facello M, Fu P, Mücke E, Varela C. 1995. Alpha shapes: definition and software. GCG: International Computational Geometry Software Workshop, 63–66.","chicago":"Akkiraju, Nataraj, Herbert Edelsbrunner, Michael Facello, Ping Fu, Ernst Mücke, and Carlos Varela. “Alpha Shapes: Definition and Software,” 63–66. Elsevier, 1995.","mla":"Akkiraju, Nataraj, et al. Alpha Shapes: Definition and Software. Elsevier, 1995, pp. 63–66.","ama":"Akkiraju N, Edelsbrunner H, Facello M, Fu P, Mücke E, Varela C. Alpha shapes: definition and software. In: Elsevier; 1995:63-66."},"oa_version":"None","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1995","page":"63 - 66","conference":{"name":"GCG: International Computational Geometry Software Workshop"},"author":[{"last_name":"Akkiraju","first_name":"Nataraj","full_name":"Akkiraju, Nataraj"},{"full_name":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert","first_name":"Herbert","id":"3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Edelsbrunner","orcid":"0000-0002-9823-6833"},{"first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Facello, Michael","last_name":"Facello"},{"first_name":"Ping","full_name":"Fu, Ping","last_name":"Fu"},{"first_name":"Ernst","full_name":"Mücke, Ernst","last_name":"Mücke"},{"last_name":"Varela","full_name":"Varela, Carlos","first_name":"Carlos"}],"publication_status":"published","publist_id":"2833","day":"11","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:03:55Z"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1995","author":[{"full_name":"Kirkpatrick, Mark","first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Kirkpatrick"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","last_name":"Barton","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"page":"388 - 389","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:04:09Z","publication_status":"published","publist_id":"2786","day":"05","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","_id":"3597","publication":"Nature","date_updated":"2022-06-27T13:00:10Z","title":"Déjà vu all over again","doi":"10.1038/377388a0","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","pmid":1,"month":"10","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","volume":377,"type":"review","date_published":"1995-10-05T00:00:00Z","status":"public","external_id":{"pmid":["7566112 "]},"oa_version":"None","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/377388a0"}],"intvolume":" 377","citation":{"short":"M. Kirkpatrick, N.H. Barton, Nature 377 (1995) 388–389.","ieee":"M. Kirkpatrick and N. H. Barton, “Déjà vu all over again,” Nature, vol. 377. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 388–389, 1995.","apa":"Kirkpatrick, M., & Barton, N. H. (1995). Déjà vu all over again. Nature. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/377388a0","ista":"Kirkpatrick M, Barton NH. 1995. Déjà vu all over again. Nature. 377, 388–389.","chicago":"Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Nicholas H Barton. “Déjà vu All over Again.” Nature. Nature Publishing Group, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1038/377388a0.","mla":"Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Déjà vu All over Again.” Nature, vol. 377, Nature Publishing Group, 1995, pp. 388–89, doi:10.1038/377388a0.","ama":"Kirkpatrick M, Barton NH. Déjà vu all over again. Nature. 1995;377:388-389. doi:10.1038/377388a0"}},{"citation":{"apa":"Nürnberger, B., Barton, N. H., Maccallum, C., Gilchrist, J., & Appleby, M. (1995). Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone. Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x","ista":"Nürnberger B, Barton NH, Maccallum C, Gilchrist J, Appleby M. 1995. Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone. Evolution. 49(6), 1224–1238.","ieee":"B. Nürnberger, N. H. Barton, C. Maccallum, J. Gilchrist, and M. Appleby, “Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone,” Evolution, vol. 49, no. 6. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1224–1238, 1995.","short":"B. Nürnberger, N.H. Barton, C. Maccallum, J. Gilchrist, M. Appleby, Evolution 49 (1995) 1224–1238.","mla":"Nürnberger, Beate, et al. “Natural Selection on Quantitative Traits in the Bombina Hybrid Zone.” Evolution, vol. 49, no. 6, Wiley-Blackwell, 1995, pp. 1224–38, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x.","ama":"Nürnberger B, Barton NH, Maccallum C, Gilchrist J, Appleby M. Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone. Evolution. 1995;49(6):1224-1238. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x","chicago":"Nürnberger, Beate, Nicholas H Barton, Catriona Maccallum, Jason Gilchrist, and Michael Appleby. “Natural Selection on Quantitative Traits in the Bombina Hybrid Zone.” Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x."},"intvolume":" 49","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","acknowledgement":"The project would not have been possible without F. Perovic's extensive knowledge of the natural history of the Pegdenica area, and his assistance in the field. Particular thanks are due to the Perovie family for their generous hospitality. The Croatian Museum of Natural History and the Croatian Ministry of the Environment were helpful in granting all the necessary permits. J. Szymura assisted with allozyme tech-niques and in sharing unpublished data from his original survey of the area. M. Davidson and K. Grant prepared the histological specimens, and G. Patterson volunteered time and expertise in X-raying our toads. All members of L. Partridge's lab generously provided us with toad food on a daily basis, in the form of uncountably many spare Drosophila. G. Malarky and M. Oh stoically coped with much tedious toad care. We thank W. G. Hill, L. Kruuk, D. Rand, J. Szymura, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by a grant from the Natural Environment Research Council (GR3/8002) to N.B. ","title":"Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone","_id":"3636","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","abstract":[{"text":"Observations on the means, variances, and covariances of quantitative traits across hybrid zones can give information similar to that from Mendelian markers. In addition, they can identify particular traits through which the cline is maintained. We describe a survey of six traits across the hybrid zone between Bombina bombina and Bombina variegata (Amphibia: Discoglossidae) near Pescenica in Croatia. We obtained laboratory measuments of the belly pattern, skin thickness, mating call, skeletal form, egg size, and the developmental time of tadpoles. Although offspring from hybrid populations showed no evidence of reduced viability, a third of the F1 families failed completely, irrespective of the direction of the cross. All traits differed significantly between the taxa. Clines in belly pattern, skin thickness, mating call, and skeletal form were closely concordant with clines in four diagnostic enzyme loci. However, the cline in developmental time was displaced towards bombina, and the cline in egg size was displaced towards variegata. This discordance could be because the traits are not inherited additively or because they are subject to different selection pressures. We favor the latter explanation in the case of developmental time. We show that moderate selection acting directly on a trait suffices to shift its position; rather stronger selection is needed to change its width appreciably. Within hybrid populations, there are significant associations among quantitative traits, and between traits and enzymes. Phenotypic variances also increase in hybrid populations. These observations can be explained by linkage disequilibria among the underlying loci. However, the average magnitude of the covariance between traits is about half that expected from the linkage disequilibria between enzyme loci. The discrepancy is not readily explained by nonadditive gene action. This puzzle is now unresolved and calls for further investigation.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0014-3820"]},"issue":"6","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","date_published":"1995-12-01T00:00:00Z","volume":49,"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","month":"12","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","date_updated":"2022-06-27T12:58:02Z","doi":"10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x","publication":"Evolution","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","publist_id":"2747","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:04:22Z","page":"1224 - 1238","author":[{"first_name":"Beate","full_name":"Nürnberger, Beate","last_name":"Nürnberger"},{"full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240"},{"last_name":"Maccallum","full_name":"Maccallum, Catriona","first_name":"Catriona"},{"last_name":"Gilchrist","full_name":"Gilchrist, Jason","first_name":"Jason"},{"last_name":"Appleby","full_name":"Appleby, Michael","first_name":"Michael"}],"year":"1995","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"page":"257 - 264","author":[{"last_name":"Maccallum","first_name":"Catriona","full_name":"Maccallum, Catriona"},{"full_name":"Nürnberger, Beate","first_name":"Beate","last_name":"Nürnberger"},{"last_name":"Barton","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","first_name":"Nicholas H","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H"}],"publist_id":"2746","publication_status":"published","day":"22","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:04:22Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1995","volume":260,"type":"journal_article","date_published":"1995-06-22T00:00:00Z","oa_version":"None","article_type":"original","publication":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences","date_updated":"2022-06-27T10:14:02Z","doi":"10.1098/rspb.1995.0089","publisher":"Royal Society of London","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","month":"06","issue":"1359","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0962-8452"]},"scopus_import":"1","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.1995.0089"}],"citation":{"ama":"Maccallum C, Nürnberger B, Barton NH. Experimental evidence for habitat dependent selection in a Bombina hybrid zone. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 1995;260(1359):257-264. doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0089","mla":"Maccallum, Catriona, et al. “Experimental Evidence for Habitat Dependent Selection in a Bombina Hybrid Zone.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 260, no. 1359, Royal Society of London, 1995, pp. 257–64, doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0089.","chicago":"Maccallum, Catriona, Beate Nürnberger, and Nicholas H Barton. “Experimental Evidence for Habitat Dependent Selection in a Bombina Hybrid Zone.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. Royal Society of London, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1995.0089.","ista":"Maccallum C, Nürnberger B, Barton NH. 1995. Experimental evidence for habitat dependent selection in a Bombina hybrid zone. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 260(1359), 257–264.","apa":"Maccallum, C., Nürnberger, B., & Barton, N. H. (1995). Experimental evidence for habitat dependent selection in a Bombina hybrid zone. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. Royal Society of London. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1995.0089","ieee":"C. Maccallum, B. Nürnberger, and N. H. Barton, “Experimental evidence for habitat dependent selection in a Bombina hybrid zone,” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 260, no. 1359. Royal Society of London, pp. 257–264, 1995.","short":"C. Maccallum, B. Nürnberger, N.H. Barton, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 260 (1995) 257–264."},"intvolume":" 260","_id":"3637","title":"Experimental evidence for habitat dependent selection in a Bombina hybrid zone","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Hybridizing taxa remain distinct for two main reasons. Natural selection acts against hybrids either because of their incompatible genome, or because of differential adaptation of the pure types across an environmental gradient. Here, we provide experimental evidence that the location of the Bombina (Anura: Discoglossidae) hybrid zone in Croatia is, at least in part, determined by differential adaptation. B. bombina typically breeds in permanent water in the lowland, whereas B. variegata reproduces in puddles at higher elevations. In a reciprocal translocation, pure bombina and variegata tadpoles were introduced in equal proportions into lowland pond enclosures and upland puddles. After three weeks, variegata exceeded bombina in survival and growth in both habitats. The effect was most pronounced in puddles, where the few surviving bombina tadpoles had hardly grown at all. In comparison to variegata, the smaller hatchlings of bombina grew relatively faster in ponds, but remained smaller in absolute terms. Nevertheless, B. bombina appears better adapted to ponds than to puddles. The mechanisms by which variegata is excluded from ponds remain to be demonstrated. These data show that habitat dependent selection prevents the invasion of bombina tadpole traits into the variegata gene pool. Given the strong linkage disequilibria in hybrid populations, differential selection on tadpoles may be sufficient to maintain the integrity of the two gene pools."}],"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","acknowledgement":"We thank Franjo Perovioc for invaluable help in the field and the Perovioc family for generous hospitality. Logistical and practical support was provided by the Croatian Museum of Natural History in particular Bojan Lazar and Eduarrd Kletecki. The people of Velesevec kindly tolerated our enclosure bags in their village pond. Stejpan Ticeric generously provided a base for our work in Perkovec. Professor S. Jelaska of the U niversity of Zagreb allowed us unlim ited access to her laboratory, where all tadpole m easurem ents were taken. Loeske K ruuk carried out the electrophoretic analysis which established the taxonomic significance of tadpole belly colour. We thank Ian Wilson for statistical advice and Tim Halliday, Peter Jones, Loeske Kruuk, Jaroslav Pialek and two anonymous referees for helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by a grant from the NERC (No. GR3/8002) to N.H.B."}]