[{"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0953-816X"]},"issue":"2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publist_id":"4275","title":"Distinct localization of GABAB receptors relative to synaptic sites in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus","day":"01","author":[{"full_name":"Kulik, Ákos","last_name":"Kulik","first_name":"Ákos"},{"last_name":"Nakadate","first_name":"Kazuhiko","full_name":"Nakadate, Kazuhiko"},{"full_name":"Nyíri, Gábor","first_name":"Gábor","last_name":"Nyíri"},{"full_name":"Notomi, Takuya","last_name":"Notomi","first_name":"Takuya"},{"full_name":"Malitschek, Barbara","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Malitschek"},{"full_name":"Bettler, Bernhard","last_name":"Bettler","first_name":"Bernhard"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","first_name":"Ryuichi","last_name":"Shigemoto"}],"article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"European Journal of Neuroscience","pmid":1,"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","citation":{"chicago":"Kulik, Ákos, Kazuhiko Nakadate, Gábor Nyíri, Takuya Notomi, Barbara Malitschek, Bernhard Bettler, and Ryuichi Shigemoto. “Distinct Localization of GABAB Receptors Relative to Synaptic Sites in the Rat Cerebellum and Ventrobasal Thalamus.” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x\">https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x</a>.","ieee":"Á. Kulik <i>et al.</i>, “Distinct localization of GABAB receptors relative to synaptic sites in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus,” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 15, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 291–307, 2002.","short":"Á. Kulik, K. Nakadate, G. Nyíri, T. Notomi, B. Malitschek, B. Bettler, R. Shigemoto, European Journal of Neuroscience 15 (2002) 291–307.","ama":"Kulik Á, Nakadate K, Nyíri G, et al. Distinct localization of GABAB receptors relative to synaptic sites in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus. <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>. 2002;15(2):291-307. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x\">10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x</a>","apa":"Kulik, Á., Nakadate, K., Nyíri, G., Notomi, T., Malitschek, B., Bettler, B., &#38; Shigemoto, R. (2002). Distinct localization of GABAB receptors relative to synaptic sites in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus. <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x\">https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x</a>","mla":"Kulik, Ákos, et al. “Distinct Localization of GABAB Receptors Relative to Synaptic Sites in the Rat Cerebellum and Ventrobasal Thalamus.” <i>European Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 15, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 2002, pp. 291–307, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x\">10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01855.x</a>.","ista":"Kulik Á, Nakadate K, Nyíri G, Notomi T, Malitschek B, Bettler B, Shigemoto R. 2002. Distinct localization of GABAB receptors relative to synaptic sites in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus. European Journal of Neuroscience. 15(2), 291–307."},"intvolume":"        15","extern":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["11849296"]},"status":"public","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:58:44Z","volume":15,"oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","month":"01","abstract":[{"text":"Metabotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABABRs) are involved in modulation of synaptic transmission and activity of cerebellar and thalamic neurons. We used subtype-specific antibodies in pre- and postembedding immunohistochemistry combined with three-dimensional reconstruction of labelled profiles and quantification of immunoparticles to reveal the subcellular distribution of pre- and postsynaptic GABABR1a/b and GABABR2 in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus. GABABR1a/b and R2 were extensively colocalized in most brain regions including the cerebellum and thalamus. In the cerebellum, immunoreactivity for both subtypes was prevalent in the molecular layer. The most intense immunoreactivity was found in Purkinje cell spines with a high density of immunoparticles at extrasynaptic sites peaking at around 240 nm from glutamatergic synapses between spines and parallel fibre varicosities. This is in contrast to dendrites at sites around GABAergic synapses where sparse and random distribution was found for both subtypes. In addition, more than one-tenth of the synaptic membrane specialization of spine-parallel fibre synapses were labelled at pre- or postsynaptic sites. Weak immunolabelling for both subtypes was also seen in parallel fibres but only rarely in GABAergic axons. In the ventrobasal thalamus, immunolabelling for both receptor subtypes was intense over the dendritic field of thalamocortical cells. Electron microscopy demonstrated an extrasynaptic localization of GABABR1a/b and R2 exclusively in postsynaptic elements. Quantitative analysis further revealed the density of GABABR1a/b around GABAergic synapses was higher than glutamatergic synapses on thalamocortical cell dendrites. The distinct localization of GABABRs relative to synaptic sites in the cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus suggests that GABABRs differentially regulate activity of different neuronal populations.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-07-18T13:08:40Z","page":"291 - 307","_id":"2624","year":"2002","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan, and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (P96319). We thank Drs L. Zaborszky and R. Luján for their comments on the manuscript, Dr M. Watanabe for kindly supplying us with GluRδ2 and AMPA GluR1 antibodies, Dr R.E. Edwards for rabbit BNPI antibody, and J. Hatakeyama and S. Doi for technical assistance."},{"alternative_title":["LNP"],"status":"public","series_title":"Lecture Notes in Physics","extern":"1","conference":{"name":"38th Winter School of Theoretical Physics : Dynamical Semigroups: Dissipation, Chaos, Quanta"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Erdös, László. “Scaling Limits of Schrödinger Quantum Mechanics.” In <i>Dynamics of Dissipation</i>, 487–506. Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19</a>.","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Scaling limits of Schrödinger quantum mechanics,” in <i>Dynamics of Dissipation</i>, Springer, 2002, pp. 487–506.","short":"L. Erdös, in:, Dynamics of Dissipation, Springer, 2002, pp. 487–506.","ama":"Erdös L. Scaling limits of Schrödinger quantum mechanics. In: <i>Dynamics of Dissipation</i>. Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer; 2002:487-506. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19\">10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19</a>","apa":"Erdös, L. (2002). Scaling limits of Schrödinger quantum mechanics. In <i>Dynamics of Dissipation</i> (pp. 487–506). Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19</a>","ista":"Erdös L. 2002.Scaling limits of Schrödinger quantum mechanics. In: Dynamics of Dissipation. LNP, , 487–506.","mla":"Erdös, László. “Scaling Limits of Schrödinger Quantum Mechanics.” <i>Dynamics of Dissipation</i>, Springer, 2002, pp. 487–506, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19\">10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19</a>."},"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540441113"]},"date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1007/3-540-46122-1_19","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Springer","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","year":"2002","publication":"Dynamics of Dissipation","_id":"2694","article_processing_charge":"No","page":"487 - 506","author":[{"last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László","full_name":"Erdös, László","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We outline the status of rigorous derivations of certain classical evolution equations as limits of Schrödinger dynamics. We explain two recent results jointly with H.T. Yau in more details. The first one is the derivation of the linear Boltzmann equation as the long time limit of the one-body Schrödinger equation with a random potential. The second one is the mean field limit of high density bosons with Coulomb interaction that leads to the nonlinear Hartree equation."}],"day":"01","date_updated":"2023-07-18T10:23:18Z","type":"book_chapter","oa_version":"None","month":"01","title":"Scaling limits of Schrödinger quantum mechanics","publist_id":"4203","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:06Z"},{"_id":"2708","year":"2002","publisher":"World Scientific Publishing","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:11Z","publist_id":"4188","title":"Two dimensional Pauli operator via scalar potential","volume":307,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:59:11Z","day":"01","month":"01","type":"conference","author":[{"last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","full_name":"László Erdös"}],"page":"129 - 133","citation":{"ama":"Erdös L. Two dimensional Pauli operator via scalar potential. In: Vol 307. World Scientific Publishing; 2002:129-133. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/307\">10.1090/conm/307</a>","apa":"Erdös, L. (2002). Two dimensional Pauli operator via scalar potential (Vol. 307, pp. 129–133). Presented at the QMath: Mathematical Results in Quantum Physics, World Scientific Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/307\">https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/307</a>","mla":"Erdös, László. <i>Two Dimensional Pauli Operator via Scalar Potential</i>. Vol. 307, World Scientific Publishing, 2002, pp. 129–33, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/307\">10.1090/conm/307</a>.","ista":"Erdös L. 2002. Two dimensional Pauli operator via scalar potential. QMath: Mathematical Results in Quantum Physics, Contemporary Mathematics, vol. 307, 129–133.","chicago":"Erdös, László. “Two Dimensional Pauli Operator via Scalar Potential,” 307:129–33. World Scientific Publishing, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/307\">https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/307</a>.","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Two dimensional Pauli operator via scalar potential,” presented at the QMath: Mathematical Results in Quantum Physics, 2002, vol. 307, pp. 129–133.","short":"L. Erdös, in:, World Scientific Publishing, 2002, pp. 129–133."},"extern":1,"intvolume":"       307","conference":{"name":"QMath: Mathematical Results in Quantum Physics"},"status":"public","alternative_title":["Contemporary Mathematics"],"quality_controlled":0,"date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1090/conm/307","publication_status":"published"},{"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"Elsevier","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","article_type":"original","publication":"Comptes Rendus Mathematique","day":"30","author":[{"full_name":"Bardos, Claude","last_name":"Bardos","first_name":"Claude"},{"last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László","full_name":"Erdös, László","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Golse, François","last_name":"Golse","first_name":"François"},{"full_name":"Mauser, Norbert","last_name":"Mauser","first_name":"Norbert"},{"first_name":"Horng","last_name":"Yau","full_name":"Yau, Horng"}],"publist_id":"4155","title":"Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation from the quantum N-body problem","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1631-073X"]},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7","year":"2002","acknowledgement":"The authors thank the ESI in Vienna and the Austrian START project “Nonlinear Schrödinger\r\nand quantum Boltzmann equations” of N.J.M. for hospitality and support. Also, F.G. was supported by the Institut\r\nUniversitaire de France and N.J.M. by the bilateral Austrian-French “AMADEUS” programme. H.-T.Y. and L.E. were\r\nsupported by NSF Grants DMS-0072098 and DMS-9970323, respectively","_id":"2737","date_updated":"2023-07-18T09:24:24Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We derive the time-dependent Schrödinger–Poisson equation as the weak coupling limit of the N-body linear Schrödinger equation with Coulomb potential."}],"month":"03","oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","page":"515 - 520","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:20Z","volume":334,"status":"public","citation":{"ama":"Bardos C, Erdös L, Golse F, Mauser N, Yau H. Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation from the quantum N-body problem. <i>Comptes Rendus Mathematique</i>. 2002;334(6):515-520. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7\">10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7</a>","ista":"Bardos C, Erdös L, Golse F, Mauser N, Yau H. 2002. Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation from the quantum N-body problem. Comptes Rendus Mathematique. 334(6), 515–520.","mla":"Bardos, Claude, et al. “Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson Equation from the Quantum N-Body Problem.” <i>Comptes Rendus Mathematique</i>, vol. 334, no. 6, Elsevier, 2002, pp. 515–20, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7\">10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7</a>.","apa":"Bardos, C., Erdös, L., Golse, F., Mauser, N., &#38; Yau, H. (2002). Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation from the quantum N-body problem. <i>Comptes Rendus Mathematique</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7</a>","ieee":"C. Bardos, L. Erdös, F. Golse, N. Mauser, and H. Yau, “Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation from the quantum N-body problem,” <i>Comptes Rendus Mathematique</i>, vol. 334, no. 6. Elsevier, pp. 515–520, 2002.","chicago":"Bardos, Claude, László Erdös, François Golse, Norbert Mauser, and Horng Yau. “Derivation of the Schrödinger-Poisson Equation from the Quantum N-Body Problem.” <i>Comptes Rendus Mathematique</i>. Elsevier, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-073X(02)02253-7</a>.","short":"C. Bardos, L. Erdös, F. Golse, N. Mauser, H. Yau, Comptes Rendus Mathematique 334 (2002) 515–520."},"extern":"1","intvolume":"       334","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2002-03-30T00:00:00Z"},{"publication_status":"published","date_published":"2002-06-01T00:00:00Z","status":"public","external_id":{"arxiv":["math-ph/0108025"]},"extern":"1","intvolume":"       107","citation":{"apa":"Erdös, L. (2002). Linear Boltzmann equation as the long time dynamics of an electron weakly coupled to a phonon field. <i>Journal of Statistical Physics</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015157624384\">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015157624384</a>","ista":"Erdös L. 2002. Linear Boltzmann equation as the long time dynamics of an electron weakly coupled to a phonon field. Journal of Statistical Physics. 107(5–6), 1043–1127.","mla":"Erdös, László. “Linear Boltzmann Equation as the Long Time Dynamics of an Electron Weakly Coupled to a Phonon Field.” <i>Journal of Statistical Physics</i>, vol. 107, no. 5–6, Springer, 2002, pp. 1043–127, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015157624384\">10.1023/A:1015157624384</a>.","ama":"Erdös L. Linear Boltzmann equation as the long time dynamics of an electron weakly coupled to a phonon field. <i>Journal of Statistical Physics</i>. 2002;107(5-6):1043-1127. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015157624384\">10.1023/A:1015157624384</a>","short":"L. Erdös, Journal of Statistical Physics 107 (2002) 1043–1127.","chicago":"Erdös, László. “Linear Boltzmann Equation as the Long Time Dynamics of an Electron Weakly Coupled to a Phonon Field.” <i>Journal of Statistical Physics</i>. Springer, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015157624384\">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015157624384</a>.","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Linear Boltzmann equation as the long time dynamics of an electron weakly coupled to a phonon field,” <i>Journal of Statistical Physics</i>, vol. 107, no. 5–6. Springer, pp. 1043–1127, 2002."},"page":"1043 - 1127","abstract":[{"text":"We consider the long time evolution of a quantum particle weakly interacting with a phonon field. We show that in the weak coupling limit the Wigner distribution of the electron density matrix converges to the solution of the linear Boltzmann equation globally in time. The collision kernel is identified as the sum of an emission and an absorption term that depend on the equilibrium distribution of the free phonon modes.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-07-18T09:08:45Z","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Submitted Version","month":"06","volume":107,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:20Z","acknowledgement":"This work initially was a joint project with H.-T. Yau and several ideas\r\npresented here have been developed in collaboration with him. I would like\r\nto thank him for the invaluable discussions and encouragement through\r\nthe entire work. Part of this project was completed during several visits at\r\nthe Erwin Schrödinger Institute, Vienna, and at the Center of Theoretical\r\nStudies, Hsinchu, Taiwan. The author is grateful for the hospitality and\r\nfinancial support. This work was partially supported by NSF Grant DMS9970323.","year":"2002","_id":"2738","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-4715"]},"doi":"10.1023/A:1015157624384","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"5-6","author":[{"last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Erdös, László"}],"day":"01","arxiv":1,"title":"Linear Boltzmann equation as the long time dynamics of an electron weakly coupled to a phonon field","publist_id":"4154","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"Springer","publication":"Journal of Statistical Physics","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original"},{"date_published":"2002-02-01T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       225","extern":"1","citation":{"ista":"Erdös L, Vougalter V. 2002. Pauli operator and Aharonov–Casher theorem¶ for measure valued magnetic fields. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 225(2), 399–421.","mla":"Erdös, László, and Vitali Vougalter. “Pauli Operator and Aharonov–Casher Theorem¶ for Measure Valued Magnetic Fields.” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 225, no. 2, Springer, 2002, pp. 399–421, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100585\">10.1007/s002200100585</a>.","apa":"Erdös, L., &#38; Vougalter, V. (2002). Pauli operator and Aharonov–Casher theorem¶ for measure valued magnetic fields. <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100585\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100585</a>","ama":"Erdös L, Vougalter V. Pauli operator and Aharonov–Casher theorem¶ for measure valued magnetic fields. <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>. 2002;225(2):399-421. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100585\">10.1007/s002200100585</a>","short":"L. Erdös, V. Vougalter, Communications in Mathematical Physics 225 (2002) 399–421.","ieee":"L. Erdös and V. Vougalter, “Pauli operator and Aharonov–Casher theorem¶ for measure valued magnetic fields,” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>, vol. 225, no. 2. Springer, pp. 399–421, 2002.","chicago":"Erdös, László, and Vitali Vougalter. “Pauli Operator and Aharonov–Casher Theorem¶ for Measure Valued Magnetic Fields.” <i>Communications in Mathematical Physics</i>. Springer, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100585\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200100585</a>."},"status":"public","external_id":{"arxiv":["math-ph/0109015v1"]},"volume":225,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:21Z","page":"399 - 421","date_updated":"2023-07-18T08:57:54Z","abstract":[{"text":"We define the two dimensional Pauli operator and identify its core for magnetic fields that are regular Borel measures. The magnetic field is generated by a scalar potential hence we bypass the usual A L 2loc condition on the vector potential, which does not allow to consider such singular fields. We extend the Aharonov-Casher theorem for magnetic fields that are measures with finite total variation and we present a counterexample in case of infinite total variation. One of the key technical tools is a weighted L 2 estimate on a singular integral operator.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","month":"02","_id":"2739","acknowledgement":"This work started during the first author’s visit at the Erwin Schrödinger Institute, Vienna.\r\nValuable discussions with T. Hoffmann-Ostenhof and M. Loss are gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank\r\nthe referee for careful reading and comments","year":"2002","doi":"10.1007/s002200100585","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0010-3616"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"2","arxiv":1,"title":"Pauli operator and Aharonov–Casher theorem¶ for measure valued magnetic fields","publist_id":"4153","author":[{"id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","full_name":"Erdös, László","last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László"},{"last_name":"Vougalter","first_name":"Vitali","full_name":"Vougalter, Vitali"}],"day":"01","publication":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"Springer"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0373-0956"]},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.5802/aif.1936","issue":"6","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"01","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Erdös, László","last_name":"Erdös","first_name":"László"}],"publist_id":"4152","title":"Spectral shift and multiplicity of the first eigenvalue of the magnetic Schrödinger operator in two dimensions","publisher":"Association des Annales de l'Institut Fourier","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Annales de l'Institut Fourier","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","status":"public","citation":{"ama":"Erdös L. Spectral shift and multiplicity of the first eigenvalue of the magnetic Schrödinger operator in two dimensions. <i>Annales de l’Institut Fourier</i>. 2002;52(6):1833-1874. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.1936\">10.5802/aif.1936</a>","ista":"Erdös L. 2002. Spectral shift and multiplicity of the first eigenvalue of the magnetic Schrödinger operator in two dimensions. Annales de l’Institut Fourier. 52(6), 1833–1874.","mla":"Erdös, László. “Spectral Shift and Multiplicity of the First Eigenvalue of the Magnetic Schrödinger Operator in Two Dimensions.” <i>Annales de l’Institut Fourier</i>, vol. 52, no. 6, Association des Annales de l’Institut Fourier, 2002, pp. 1833–74, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.1936\">10.5802/aif.1936</a>.","apa":"Erdös, L. (2002). Spectral shift and multiplicity of the first eigenvalue of the magnetic Schrödinger operator in two dimensions. <i>Annales de l’Institut Fourier</i>. Association des Annales de l’Institut Fourier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.1936\">https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.1936</a>","ieee":"L. Erdös, “Spectral shift and multiplicity of the first eigenvalue of the magnetic Schrödinger operator in two dimensions,” <i>Annales de l’Institut Fourier</i>, vol. 52, no. 6. Association des Annales de l’Institut Fourier, pp. 1833–1874, 2002.","chicago":"Erdös, László. “Spectral Shift and Multiplicity of the First Eigenvalue of the Magnetic Schrödinger Operator in Two Dimensions.” <i>Annales de l’Institut Fourier</i>. Association des Annales de l’Institut Fourier, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.1936\">https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.1936</a>.","short":"L. Erdös, Annales de l’Institut Fourier 52 (2002) 1833–1874."},"intvolume":"        52","extern":"1","type":"journal_article","month":"01","oa_version":"None","date_updated":"2023-07-18T08:38:34Z","abstract":[{"text":"We show that the lowest eigenvalue of the magnetic Schrödinger operator on a line bundle over a compact Riemann surface M is bounded by the L1-norm of the magnetic field B. This implies a similar bound on the multiplicity of the ground state. An example shows that this degeneracy can indeed be comparable with ∫M |B| even in case of the trivial bundle.","lang":"eng"}],"page":"1833-1874","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:59:21Z","volume":52,"year":"2002","_id":"2740"},{"date_published":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC186366/"}],"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"extern":"1","intvolume":"        16","citation":{"mla":"Hamann, Thorsten, et al. “The Arabidopsis BODENLOS Gene Encodes an Auxin Response Protein Inhibiting MONOPTEROS-Mediated Embryo Patterning.” <i>Genes and Development</i>, vol. 16, no. 13, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2002, pp. 1610–15, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.229402\">10.1101/gad.229402</a>.","ista":"Hamann T, Benková E, Bäurle I, Kientz M, Jürgens G. 2002. The Arabidopsis BODENLOS gene encodes an auxin response protein inhibiting MONOPTEROS-mediated embryo patterning. Genes and Development. 16(13), 1610–1615.","apa":"Hamann, T., Benková, E., Bäurle, I., Kientz, M., &#38; Jürgens, G. (2002). The Arabidopsis BODENLOS gene encodes an auxin response protein inhibiting MONOPTEROS-mediated embryo patterning. <i>Genes and Development</i>. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.229402\">https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.229402</a>","ama":"Hamann T, Benková E, Bäurle I, Kientz M, Jürgens G. The Arabidopsis BODENLOS gene encodes an auxin response protein inhibiting MONOPTEROS-mediated embryo patterning. <i>Genes and Development</i>. 2002;16(13):1610-1615. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.229402\">10.1101/gad.229402</a>","short":"T. Hamann, E. Benková, I. Bäurle, M. Kientz, G. Jürgens, Genes and Development 16 (2002) 1610–1615.","ieee":"T. Hamann, E. Benková, I. Bäurle, M. Kientz, and G. Jürgens, “The Arabidopsis BODENLOS gene encodes an auxin response protein inhibiting MONOPTEROS-mediated embryo patterning,” <i>Genes and Development</i>, vol. 16, no. 13. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, pp. 1610–1615, 2002.","chicago":"Hamann, Thorsten, Eva Benková, Isabel Bäurle, Marika Kientz, and Gerd Jürgens. “The Arabidopsis BODENLOS Gene Encodes an Auxin Response Protein Inhibiting MONOPTEROS-Mediated Embryo Patterning.” <i>Genes and Development</i>. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.229402\">https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.229402</a>."},"external_id":{"pmid":["12101120"]},"status":"public","volume":16,"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:01Z","page":"1610 - 1615","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","month":"07","abstract":[{"text":"Developmental responses to the plant hormone auxin are thought to be mediated by interacting pairs from two protein families: short-lived inhibitory IAA proteins and ARF transcription factors binding to auxin-response elements. Monopteros mutants lacking activating ARF5 and the auxin-insensitive mutant bodenlos fail to initiate the root meristem during early embryogenesis. Here we show that the bodenlos phenotype results from an amino-acid exchange in the conserved degradation domain of IAA12. BODENLOS and MONOPTEROS interact in the yeast two-hybrid assay and the two genes are coexpressed in early embryogenesis, suggesting that BODENLOS inhibits MONOPTEROS action in root meristem initiation.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-07-18T08:26:58Z","_id":"2866","acknowledgement":"We thank C. Maulbetsch for isolating BDL cDNA clones; T. Berleth and J. Friml for providing clones for in situ probes; K. Harter for making available the parsley protoplast system; and J. Friml, N. Geldner, M. Griffith, C. Schwechheimer, D. Weigel, and D. Weijers for helpful comments and critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Sonderforschungsbereich 446 “Mechanismen des Zellverhaltens bei Eukaryoten.”\r\n\r\nThe publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.","year":"2002","doi":"10.1101/gad.229402","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0890-9369"]},"issue":"13","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"The Arabidopsis BODENLOS gene encodes an auxin response protein inhibiting MONOPTEROS-mediated embryo patterning","publist_id":"3921","author":[{"full_name":"Hamann, Thorsten","first_name":"Thorsten","last_name":"Hamann"},{"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Benková","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Benková, Eva"},{"full_name":"Bäurle, Isabel","first_name":"Isabel","last_name":"Bäurle"},{"first_name":"Marika","last_name":"Kientz","full_name":"Kientz, Marika"},{"full_name":"Jürgens, Gerd","first_name":"Gerd","last_name":"Jürgens"}],"day":"01","publication":"Genes and Development","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","pmid":1},{"status":"public","citation":{"short":"V. Kolmogorov, R. Zabih, in:, Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision, Springer, 2002, pp. 65–81.","ieee":"V. Kolmogorov and R. Zabih, “Multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts,” in <i>Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision</i>, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2002, pp. 65–81.","chicago":"Kolmogorov, Vladimir, and Ramin Zabih. “Multi-Camera Scene Reconstruction via Graph Cuts.” In <i>Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision</i>, 65–81. Springer, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5</a>.","mla":"Kolmogorov, Vladimir, and Ramin Zabih. “Multi-Camera Scene Reconstruction via Graph Cuts.” <i>Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision</i>, Springer, 2002, pp. 65–81, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5\">10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5</a>.","ista":"Kolmogorov V, Zabih R. 2002. Multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts. Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision. ECCV: European Conference on Computer Vision, 65–81.","apa":"Kolmogorov, V., &#38; Zabih, R. (2002). Multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts. In <i>Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision</i> (pp. 65–81). Copenhagen, Denmark: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5</a>","ama":"Kolmogorov V, Zabih R. Multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts. In: <i>Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision</i>. Springer; 2002:65-81. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5\">10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5</a>"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","conference":{"name":"ECCV: European Conference on Computer Vision","location":"Copenhagen, Denmark","start_date":"2002-05-28","end_date":"2002-05-31"},"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540437468"]},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1007/3-540-47977-5_5","date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","year":"2002","publisher":"Springer","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","acknowledgement":"We thank Olga Veksler and Yuri Boykov for their careful reading of this paper, and for valuable comments which greatly improved itsreadibility. We also thank Ian Jermyn for helping us clarify the paper’s motivation. This research was supported by NSF grants IIS-9900115 and CCR-0113371, and by a grant from Microsoft Research.","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision","_id":"2927","date_updated":"2023-07-18T08:20:02Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the last few years, several new algorithms based on graph cuts have been developed to solve energy minimization problems in computer vision. Each of these techniques constructs a graph such that the minimum cut on the graph also minimizes the energy. Yet because these graph constructions are complex and highly specific to a particular energy function, graph cuts have seen limited application to date. In this paper we characterize the energy functions that can be minimized by graph cuts. Our results are restricted to energy functions with binary variables. However, our work generalizes many previous constructions, and is easily applicable to vision problems that involve large numbers of labels, such as stereo, motion, image restoration and scene reconstruction. We present three main results: a necessary condition for any energy function that can be minimized by graph cuts; a sufficient condition for energy functions that can be written as a sum of functions of up to three variables at a time; and a general-purpose construction to minimize such an energy function. Researchers who are considering the use of graph cuts to optimize a particular energy function can use our results to determine if this is possible, and then follow our construction to create the appropriate graph."}],"day":"01","month":"01","type":"conference","oa_version":"None","page":"65 - 81","author":[{"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Kolmogorov","id":"3D50B0BA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Kolmogorov, Vladimir"},{"last_name":"Zabih","first_name":"Ramin","full_name":"Zabih, Ramin"}],"publist_id":"3810","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:23Z","title":"Multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts"},{"date_published":"2002-02-14T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","citation":{"short":"J. Friml, J. Wiśniewska, E. Benková, K. Mendgen, K. Palme, Nature 415 (2002) 806–809.","chicago":"Friml, Jiří, Justyna Wiśniewska, Eva Benková, Kurt Mendgen, and Klaus Palme. “Lateral Relocation of Auxin Efflux Regulator PIN3 Mediates Tropism in Arabidopsis.” <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/415806a\">https://doi.org/10.1038/415806a</a>.","ieee":"J. Friml, J. Wiśniewska, E. Benková, K. Mendgen, and K. Palme, “Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 415, no. 6873. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 806–809, 2002.","apa":"Friml, J., Wiśniewska, J., Benková, E., Mendgen, K., &#38; Palme, K. (2002). Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/415806a\">https://doi.org/10.1038/415806a</a>","mla":"Friml, Jiří, et al. “Lateral Relocation of Auxin Efflux Regulator PIN3 Mediates Tropism in Arabidopsis.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 415, no. 6873, Nature Publishing Group, 2002, pp. 806–09, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/415806a\">10.1038/415806a</a>.","ista":"Friml J, Wiśniewska J, Benková E, Mendgen K, Palme K. 2002. Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis. Nature. 415(6873), 806–809.","ama":"Friml J, Wiśniewska J, Benková E, Mendgen K, Palme K. Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis. <i>Nature</i>. 2002;415(6873):806-809. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/415806a\">10.1038/415806a</a>"},"extern":"1","intvolume":"       415","status":"public","external_id":{"pmid":["11845211 "]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:42Z","volume":415,"oa_version":"None","month":"02","type":"journal_article","date_updated":"2023-07-18T07:30:27Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Long-standing models propose that plant growth responses to light or gravity are mediated by asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin. Physiological studies implicated a specific transport system that relocates auxin laterally, thereby effecting differential growth; however, neither the molecular components of this system nor the cellular mechanism of auxin redistribution on light or gravity perception have been identified. Here, we show that auxin accumulates asymmetrically during differential growth in an efflux-dependent manner. Mutations in the Arabidopsis gene PIN3, a regulator of auxin efflux, alter differential growth. PIN3 is expressed in gravity-sensing tissues, with PIN3 protein accumulating predominantly at the lateral cell surface. PIN3 localizes to the plasma membrane and to vesicles that cycle in an actin-dependent manner. In the root columella, PIN3 is positioned symmetrically at the plasma membrane but rapidly relocalizes laterally on gravity stimulation. Our data indicate that PIN3 is a component of the lateral auxin transport system regulating tropic growth. In addition, actin-dependent relocalization of PIN3 in response to gravity provides a mechanism for redirecting auxin flux to trigger asymmetric growth."}],"page":"806 - 809","_id":"2986","year":"2002","acknowledgement":"We thank G. Jürgens for enabling J.F. to accomplish part of this work in his laboratory; P. Tänzler and M. Sauer for technical assistance; H. Vahlenkamp for technical assistance in immunocytochemistry; M. Estelle for providing material and suggestions; T. Altman for BAC filter sets; the ADIS (Automated DNA Isolation and Sequencing) service group for DNA sequencing; ZIGIA (Center for Functional Genomics in Arabidopsis) for the En lines; and N. Geldner, T. Hamann, G. Jürgens, K. Schrick and C. Schwechheimer for comments and critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by a fellowship of the DAAD (J.F.), the DFG (Schwerpunktprogramm Phytohormone), the Fonds der chemischen Industrie, the European Communities Biotechnology Programs, the INCO-Copernicus Program and the European Space Agency MAP-Biotechnology Programme","quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1038/415806a","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"]},"issue":"6873","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publist_id":"3715","title":"Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis","day":"14","author":[{"first_name":"Jirí","last_name":"Friml","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jirí"},{"last_name":"Wiśniewska","first_name":"Justyna","full_name":"Wiśniewska, Justyna"},{"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Benková","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Benková, Eva"},{"full_name":"Mendgen, Kurt","first_name":"Kurt","last_name":"Mendgen"},{"full_name":"Palme, Klaus","first_name":"Klaus","last_name":"Palme"}],"article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Nature","pmid":1,"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"publication":"Plant Cell","article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"American Society of Plant Biologists","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","pmid":1,"title":"Hydra mutants of Arabidopsis are defective in sterol profiles and auxin and ethylene signaling","publist_id":"3716","author":[{"full_name":"Souter, Martin","first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Souter"},{"full_name":"Topping, Jennifer","first_name":"Jennifer","last_name":"Topping"},{"full_name":"Pullen, Margaret","first_name":"Margaret","last_name":"Pullen"},{"first_name":"Jirí","last_name":"Friml","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Friml, Jirí"},{"first_name":"Klaus","last_name":"Palme","full_name":"Palme, Klaus"},{"first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Hackett","full_name":"Hackett, Rachel"},{"full_name":"Grierson, Don","first_name":"Don","last_name":"Grierson"},{"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Lindsey","full_name":"Lindsey, Keith"}],"day":"01","issue":"5","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1105/tpc.001248","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1040-4651"]},"_id":"2987","acknowledgement":"We thank Dr. Ken Feldmann for providing prospective hyd alleles, Dr. Jane Murfett for providing DR5::GUS seed, Dr. D. Van Der Straeten for providing ACS1::GUS seed, Dr. John Schiefelbein for providing GL2::GFP seed, and Dr. Ottoline Leyser for axr1-12 and axr3-1 seed. etr1 and fk seed was obtained from the Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre. This work was supported by a Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council research studentship to M.S., a Durham University studentship to M.P., and Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council Grant 12/P02330 to J.T.","year":"2002","volume":14,"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:42Z","page":"1017 - 1031","type":"journal_article","month":"05","oa_version":"None","date_updated":"2023-07-18T07:34:32Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The hydra mutants of Arabidopsis are characterized by a pleiotropic phenotype that shows defective embryonic and seedling cell patterning, morphogenesis, and root growth. We demonstrate that the HYDRA1 gene encodes a Δ8-Δ7 sterol isomerase, whereas HYDRA2 encodes a sterol C14 reductase, previously identified as the FACKEL gene product. Seedlings mutant for each gene are similarly defective in the concentrations of the three major Arabidopsis sterols. Promoter::reporter gene analysis showed misexpression of the auxin-regulated DR5 and ACS1 promoters and of the epidermal cell file-specific GL2 promoter in the mutants. The mutants exhibit enhanced responses to auxin. The phenotypes can be rescued partially by inhibition of auxin and ethylene signaling but not by exogenous sterols or brassinosteroids. We propose a model in which correct sterol profiles are required for regulated auxin and ethylene signaling through effects on membrane function."}],"intvolume":"        14","extern":"1","citation":{"ama":"Souter M, Topping J, Pullen M, et al. Hydra mutants of Arabidopsis are defective in sterol profiles and auxin and ethylene signaling. <i>Plant Cell</i>. 2002;14(5):1017-1031. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001248\">10.1105/tpc.001248</a>","ista":"Souter M, Topping J, Pullen M, Friml J, Palme K, Hackett R, Grierson D, Lindsey K. 2002. Hydra mutants of Arabidopsis are defective in sterol profiles and auxin and ethylene signaling. Plant Cell. 14(5), 1017–1031.","mla":"Souter, Martin, et al. “Hydra Mutants of Arabidopsis Are Defective in Sterol Profiles and Auxin and Ethylene Signaling.” <i>Plant Cell</i>, vol. 14, no. 5, American Society of Plant Biologists, 2002, pp. 1017–31, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001248\">10.1105/tpc.001248</a>.","apa":"Souter, M., Topping, J., Pullen, M., Friml, J., Palme, K., Hackett, R., … Lindsey, K. (2002). Hydra mutants of Arabidopsis are defective in sterol profiles and auxin and ethylene signaling. <i>Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001248\">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001248</a>","ieee":"M. Souter <i>et al.</i>, “Hydra mutants of Arabidopsis are defective in sterol profiles and auxin and ethylene signaling,” <i>Plant Cell</i>, vol. 14, no. 5. American Society of Plant Biologists, pp. 1017–1031, 2002.","chicago":"Souter, Martin, Jennifer Topping, Margaret Pullen, Jiří Friml, Klaus Palme, Rachel Hackett, Don Grierson, and Keith Lindsey. “Hydra Mutants of Arabidopsis Are Defective in Sterol Profiles and Auxin and Ethylene Signaling.” <i>Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001248\">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001248</a>.","short":"M. Souter, J. Topping, M. Pullen, J. Friml, K. Palme, R. Hackett, D. Grierson, K. Lindsey, Plant Cell 14 (2002) 1017–1031."},"external_id":{"pmid":["12034894"]},"status":"public","date_published":"2002-05-01T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC150604/","open_access":"1"}],"publication_status":"published","oa":1},{"_id":"2988","year":"2002","volume":12,"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:43Z","page":"329 - 334","date_updated":"2023-07-17T12:15:28Z","abstract":[{"text":"Coordination of cell and tissue polarity commonly involves directional signaling [1]. In the Arabidopsis root epidermis, cell polarity is revealed by basal, root tip-oriented, hair outgrowth from hair-forming cells (trichoblasts) [2]. The plant hormone auxin displays polar movements [1, 3] and accumulates at maximum concentration in the root tip [4, 5]. The application of polar auxin transport inhibitors [3] evokes changes in trichoblast polarity only at high concentrations and after long-term application [2, 4]. Thus, it remains open whether components of the auxin transport machinery mediate establishment of trichoblast polarity. Here we report that the presumptive auxin influx carrier AUX1 [6, 7] contributes to apical-basal hair cell polarity. AUX1 function is required for polarity changes induced by exogenous application of the auxin 2,4-D, a preferential influx carrier substrate. Similar to aux1 mutants, the vesicle trafficking inhibitor brefeldin A (BFA) interferes with polar hair initiation, and AUX1 function is required for BFA-mediated polarity changes. Consistently, BFA inhibits membrane trafficking of AUX1, trichoblast hyperpolarization induced by 2,4-D, and alters the distal auxin maximum. Our results identify AUX1 as one component of a novel BFA-sensitive auxin transport pathway polarizing cells toward a hormone maximum.","lang":"eng"}],"month":"02","oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"        12","extern":"1","citation":{"short":"M. Grebe, J. Friml, R. Swarup, K. Ljung, G. Sandberg, M. Terlou, K. Palme, M. Bennett, B. Scheres, Current Biology 12 (2002) 329–334.","ieee":"M. Grebe <i>et al.</i>, “Cell polarity signaling in Arabidopsis involves a BFA sensitive auxin influx pathway,” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 12, no. 4. Cell Press, pp. 329–334, 2002.","chicago":"Grebe, Markus, Jiří Friml, Ranjan Swarup, Karin Ljung, Göran Sandberg, Maarten Terlou, Klaus Palme, Malcolm Bennett, and Ben Scheres. “Cell Polarity Signaling in Arabidopsis Involves a BFA Sensitive Auxin Influx Pathway.” <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1</a>.","ista":"Grebe M, Friml J, Swarup R, Ljung K, Sandberg G, Terlou M, Palme K, Bennett M, Scheres B. 2002. Cell polarity signaling in Arabidopsis involves a BFA sensitive auxin influx pathway. Current Biology. 12(4), 329–334.","mla":"Grebe, Markus, et al. “Cell Polarity Signaling in Arabidopsis Involves a BFA Sensitive Auxin Influx Pathway.” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 12, no. 4, Cell Press, 2002, pp. 329–34, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1\">10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1</a>.","apa":"Grebe, M., Friml, J., Swarup, R., Ljung, K., Sandberg, G., Terlou, M., … Scheres, B. (2002). Cell polarity signaling in Arabidopsis involves a BFA sensitive auxin influx pathway. <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1</a>","ama":"Grebe M, Friml J, Swarup R, et al. Cell polarity signaling in Arabidopsis involves a BFA sensitive auxin influx pathway. <i>Current Biology</i>. 2002;12(4):329-334. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1\">10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1</a>"},"external_id":{"pmid":["11864575"]},"status":"public","date_published":"2002-02-19T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","publication":"Current Biology","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","article_type":"original","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"Cell Press","pmid":1,"title":"Cell polarity signaling in Arabidopsis involves a BFA sensitive auxin influx pathway","publist_id":"3714","author":[{"full_name":"Grebe, Markus","first_name":"Markus","last_name":"Grebe"},{"id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jirí","last_name":"Friml","first_name":"Jirí"},{"full_name":"Swarup, Ranjan","last_name":"Swarup","first_name":"Ranjan"},{"full_name":"Ljung, Karin","first_name":"Karin","last_name":"Ljung"},{"last_name":"Sandberg","first_name":"Göran","full_name":"Sandberg, Göran"},{"last_name":"Terlou","first_name":"Maarten","full_name":"Terlou, Maarten"},{"full_name":"Palme, Klaus","first_name":"Klaus","last_name":"Palme"},{"full_name":"Bennett, Malcolm","first_name":"Malcolm","last_name":"Bennett"},{"full_name":"Scheres, Ben","first_name":"Ben","last_name":"Scheres"}],"day":"19","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"4","doi":"10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00654-1","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0960-9822"]}},{"year":"2002","acknowledgement":"We thank Petra Tänzler, Michaela Lehnen, and Thomas Steinmann for technical help. We acknowledge the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (Columbus, OH) and Thomas Altman for providing material. We also gratefully acknowledge the ADIS service group for DNA sequencing and ZIGIA (Center for Functional Genomics in Arabidopsis) for the En lines. We are grateful to our colleagues, particularly Leo Gälweiler, Niko Geldner, Matthias Godde, and Kathrin Schrick for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by a fellowship of the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienset (J.F.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Schwerpunktprogramm Phytohormone), the European Communities Biotechnology Programs, the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, and the INCO-Copernicus Program.","_id":"2989","type":"journal_article","month":"03","oa_version":"None","date_updated":"2023-07-17T11:57:40Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In contrast to animals, little is known about pattern formation in plants. Physiological and genetic data suggest the involvement of the phytohormone auxin in this process. Here, we characterize a novel member of the PIN family of putative auxin efflux carriers, Arabidopsis PIN4, that is localized in developing and mature root meristems. Atpin4 mutants are defective in establishment and maintenance of endogenous auxin gradients, fail to canalize externally applied auxin, and display various patterning defects in both embryonic and seedling roots. We propose a role for AtPIN4 in generating a sink for auxin below the quiescent center of the root meristem that is essential for auxin distribution and patterning."}],"page":"661 - 673","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:43Z","volume":108,"external_id":{"pmid":["11893337"]},"status":"public","citation":{"ama":"Friml J, Benková E, Blilou I, et al. AtPIN4 mediates sink-driven auxin gradients and root patterning in Arabidopsis. <i>Cell</i>. 2002;108(5):661-673. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6\">10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6</a>","ista":"Friml J, Benková E, Blilou I, Wiśniewska J, Hamann T, Ljung K, Woody S, Sandberg G, Scheres B, Jürgens G, Palme K. 2002. AtPIN4 mediates sink-driven auxin gradients and root patterning in Arabidopsis. Cell. 108(5), 661–673.","mla":"Friml, Jiří, et al. “AtPIN4 Mediates Sink-Driven Auxin Gradients and Root Patterning in Arabidopsis.” <i>Cell</i>, vol. 108, no. 5, Cell Press, 2002, pp. 661–73, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6\">10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6</a>.","apa":"Friml, J., Benková, E., Blilou, I., Wiśniewska, J., Hamann, T., Ljung, K., … Palme, K. (2002). AtPIN4 mediates sink-driven auxin gradients and root patterning in Arabidopsis. <i>Cell</i>. Cell Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6</a>","ieee":"J. Friml <i>et al.</i>, “AtPIN4 mediates sink-driven auxin gradients and root patterning in Arabidopsis,” <i>Cell</i>, vol. 108, no. 5. Cell Press, pp. 661–673, 2002.","chicago":"Friml, Jiří, Eva Benková, Ikram Blilou, Justyna Wiśniewska, Thorsten Hamann, Karin Ljung, Scott Woody, et al. “AtPIN4 Mediates Sink-Driven Auxin Gradients and Root Patterning in Arabidopsis.” <i>Cell</i>. Cell Press, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6</a>.","short":"J. Friml, E. Benková, I. Blilou, J. Wiśniewska, T. Hamann, K. Ljung, S. Woody, G. Sandberg, B. Scheres, G. Jürgens, K. Palme, Cell 108 (2002) 661–673."},"extern":"1","intvolume":"       108","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2002-03-08T00:00:00Z","pmid":1,"publisher":"Cell Press","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Cell","day":"08","author":[{"first_name":"Jirí","last_name":"Friml","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jirí"},{"id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","full_name":"Benková, Eva","first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Benková"},{"full_name":"Blilou, Ikram","last_name":"Blilou","first_name":"Ikram"},{"last_name":"Wiśniewska","first_name":"Justyna","full_name":"Wiśniewska, Justyna"},{"full_name":"Hamann, Thorsten","first_name":"Thorsten","last_name":"Hamann"},{"last_name":"Ljung","first_name":"Karin","full_name":"Ljung, Karin"},{"full_name":"Woody, Scott","first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Woody"},{"first_name":"Göran","last_name":"Sandberg","full_name":"Sandberg, Göran"},{"full_name":"Scheres, Ben","first_name":"Ben","last_name":"Scheres"},{"first_name":"Gerd","last_name":"Jürgens","full_name":"Jürgens, Gerd"},{"last_name":"Palme","first_name":"Klaus","full_name":"Palme, Klaus"}],"publist_id":"3713","title":"AtPIN4 mediates sink-driven auxin gradients and root patterning in Arabidopsis","issue":"5","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0092-8674"]},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00656-6"},{"status":"public","intvolume":"        49","extern":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"citation":{"short":"J. Friml, K. Palme, Plant Molecular Biology 49 (2002) 273–284.","chicago":"Friml, Jiří, and Klaus Palme. “Polar Auxin Transport - Old Questions and New Concepts?” <i>Plant Molecular Biology</i>. Springer, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015248926412\">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015248926412</a>.","ieee":"J. Friml and K. Palme, “Polar auxin transport - Old questions and new concepts?,” <i>Plant Molecular Biology</i>, vol. 49, no. 3–4. Springer, pp. 273–284, 2002.","apa":"Friml, J., &#38; Palme, K. (2002). Polar auxin transport - Old questions and new concepts? <i>Plant Molecular Biology</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015248926412\">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015248926412</a>","ista":"Friml J, Palme K. 2002. Polar auxin transport - Old questions and new concepts? Plant Molecular Biology. 49(3–4), 273–284.","mla":"Friml, Jiří, and Klaus Palme. “Polar Auxin Transport - Old Questions and New Concepts?” <i>Plant Molecular Biology</i>, vol. 49, no. 3–4, Springer, 2002, pp. 273–84, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015248926412\">10.1023/A:1015248926412</a>.","ama":"Friml J, Palme K. Polar auxin transport - Old questions and new concepts? <i>Plant Molecular Biology</i>. 2002;49(3-4):273-284. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015248926412\">10.1023/A:1015248926412</a>"},"issue":"3-4","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1023/A:1015248926412","date_published":"2002-06-01T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Springer","user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2002","publication":"Plant Molecular Biology","_id":"2991","page":"273 - 284","author":[{"full_name":"Friml, Jirí","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","first_name":"Jirí","last_name":"Friml"},{"full_name":"Palme, Klaus","last_name":"Palme","first_name":"Klaus"}],"date_updated":"2021-01-12T07:40:17Z","abstract":[{"text":"Polar auxin transport controls multiple aspects of plant development including differential growth, embryo and root patterning and vascular tissue differentiation. Identification of proteins involved in this process and availability of new tools enabling `visualization' of auxin and auxin routes in planta largely contributed to the significant progress that has recently been made. New data support classical concepts, but several recent findings are likely to challenge our view on the mechanism of auxin transport. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the polar auxin transport field. It starts with classical models resulting from physiological studies, describes the genetic contributions and discusses the molecular basis of auxin influx and efflux. Finally, selected questions are presented in the context of developmental biology, integrating available data from different fields.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"01","month":"06","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","title":"Polar auxin transport - Old questions and new concepts?","volume":49,"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:44Z","publist_id":"3712"},{"publication":"Neuron","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Elsevier","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","pmid":1,"title":"A role for Neuregulin1 signaling in muscle spindle differentiation","publist_id":"3558","author":[{"last_name":"Hippenmeyer","first_name":"Simon","full_name":"Hippenmeyer, Simon","orcid":"0000-0003-2279-1061","id":"37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Shneider","first_name":"Neil","full_name":"Shneider, Neil"},{"first_name":"Carmen","last_name":"Birchmeier","full_name":"Birchmeier, Carmen"},{"full_name":"Burden, Steven","first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Burden"},{"full_name":"Jessell, Thomas","last_name":"Jessell","first_name":"Thomas"},{"full_name":"Arber, Silvia","first_name":"Silvia","last_name":"Arber"}],"day":"19","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","doi":"10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"_id":"3140","acknowledgement":"We thank L. Role for generously providing the CRD-Nrg1 mutant allele for these studies, L. Parada and D. Anderson for sharing the TrkC and Ngn1 mouse strains, W. Tourtellotte for providing Egr3 mutant mice, E. Avetisova for expert technical assistance, X. Yang for experimental help in the initial phase of these studies, A. Garratt for advice with ErbB antibodies, and L. Role and G. Fischbach for helpful discussions. The CRD-Nrg1 mutant allele was generated in the lab of Dr. Lorna Role, with the support of NIH grant NS29071. S.A. and S.H. were supported by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Kanton of Basel-Stadt. S.J.B. was supported by grants from the NINDS. N.A.S. was supported by a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship for Physicians and a Career Development Award from the NINDS. T.M.J. was supported by grants from NINDS and is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.","year":"2002","volume":36,"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:37Z","page":"1035 - 1049","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The maturation of synaptic structures depends on inductive interactions between axons and their prospective targets. One example of such an interaction is the influence of proprioceptive sensory axons on the differentiation of muscle spindles. We have monitored the expression of three transcription factors, Egr3, Pea3, and Erm, that delineate early muscle spindle development in an assay of muscle spindle-inducing signals. We provide genetic evidence that Neuregulin1 (Nrg1) is required for proprioceptive afferent-evoked induction of muscle spindle differentiation in the mouse. Ig-Nrg1 isoforms are preferentially expressed by proprioceptive sensory neurons and are sufficient to induce muscle spindle differentiation in vivo, whereas CRD-Nrg1 isoforms are broadly expressed in sensory and motor neurons but are not required for muscle spindle induction."}],"date_updated":"2023-07-17T11:46:43Z","oa_version":"None","type":"journal_article","month":"12","extern":"1","intvolume":"        36","citation":{"ama":"Hippenmeyer S, Shneider N, Birchmeier C, Burden S, Jessell T, Arber S. A role for Neuregulin1 signaling in muscle spindle differentiation. <i>Neuron</i>. 2002;36(6):1035-1049. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7\">10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7</a>","mla":"Hippenmeyer, Simon, et al. “A Role for Neuregulin1 Signaling in Muscle Spindle Differentiation.” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 36, no. 6, Elsevier, 2002, pp. 1035–49, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7\">10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7</a>.","ista":"Hippenmeyer S, Shneider N, Birchmeier C, Burden S, Jessell T, Arber S. 2002. A role for Neuregulin1 signaling in muscle spindle differentiation. Neuron. 36(6), 1035–1049.","apa":"Hippenmeyer, S., Shneider, N., Birchmeier, C., Burden, S., Jessell, T., &#38; Arber, S. (2002). A role for Neuregulin1 signaling in muscle spindle differentiation. <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7</a>","ieee":"S. Hippenmeyer, N. Shneider, C. Birchmeier, S. Burden, T. Jessell, and S. Arber, “A role for Neuregulin1 signaling in muscle spindle differentiation,” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 36, no. 6. Elsevier, pp. 1035–1049, 2002.","chicago":"Hippenmeyer, Simon, Neil Shneider, Carmen Birchmeier, Steven Burden, Thomas Jessell, and Silvia Arber. “A Role for Neuregulin1 Signaling in Muscle Spindle Differentiation.” <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01101-7</a>.","short":"S. Hippenmeyer, N. Shneider, C. Birchmeier, S. Burden, T. Jessell, S. Arber, Neuron 36 (2002) 1035–1049."},"external_id":{"pmid":["12495620"]},"status":"public","date_published":"2002-12-19T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published"},{"article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Nature Cell Biology","pmid":1,"publisher":"Springer Nature","user_id":"72615eeb-f1f3-11ec-aa25-d4573ddc34fd","title":"The Ran GTPase as a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly","day":"01","author":[{"first_name":"Martin W","last_name":"HETZER","id":"86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed","orcid":"0000-0002-2111-992X","full_name":"HETZER, Martin W"},{"last_name":"Gruss","first_name":"Oliver J.","full_name":"Gruss, Oliver J."},{"full_name":"Mattaj, Iain W.","first_name":"Iain W.","last_name":"Mattaj"}],"issue":"7","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Cell Biology"],"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1038/ncb0702-e177","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1476-4679"],"issn":["1465-7392"]},"_id":"11123","year":"2002","date_created":"2022-04-07T07:57:19Z","volume":4,"month":"07","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","date_updated":"2022-07-18T08:58:03Z","abstract":[{"text":"The small GTPase Ran is a key regulator of nucleocytoplasmic transport during interphase. The asymmetric distribution of the GTP-bound form of Ran across the nuclear envelope — that is, large quantities in the nucleus compared with small quantities in the cytoplasm — determines the directionality of many nuclear transport processes. Recent findings that Ran also functions in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly during mitosis suggest that Ran has a general role in chromatin-centred processes. Ran functions in these events as a signal for chromosome position.","lang":"eng"}],"page":"E177-E184","citation":{"ama":"Hetzer M, Gruss OJ, Mattaj IW. The Ran GTPase as a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly. <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. 2002;4(7):E177-E184. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0702-e177\">10.1038/ncb0702-e177</a>","apa":"Hetzer, M., Gruss, O. J., &#38; Mattaj, I. W. (2002). The Ran GTPase as a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly. <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0702-e177\">https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0702-e177</a>","mla":"Hetzer, Martin, et al. “The Ran GTPase as a Marker of Chromosome Position in Spindle Formation and Nuclear Envelope Assembly.” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>, vol. 4, no. 7, Springer Nature, 2002, pp. E177–84, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0702-e177\">10.1038/ncb0702-e177</a>.","ista":"Hetzer M, Gruss OJ, Mattaj IW. 2002. The Ran GTPase as a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly. Nature Cell Biology. 4(7), E177–E184.","chicago":"Hetzer, Martin, Oliver J. Gruss, and Iain W. Mattaj. “The Ran GTPase as a Marker of Chromosome Position in Spindle Formation and Nuclear Envelope Assembly.” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. Springer Nature, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0702-e177\">https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb0702-e177</a>.","ieee":"M. Hetzer, O. J. Gruss, and I. W. Mattaj, “The Ran GTPase as a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly,” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>, vol. 4, no. 7. Springer Nature, pp. E177–E184, 2002.","short":"M. Hetzer, O.J. Gruss, I.W. Mattaj, Nature Cell Biology 4 (2002) E177–E184."},"intvolume":"         4","extern":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["12105431"]},"status":"public","date_published":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published"},{"day":"09","author":[{"full_name":"Bilbao-Cortés, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Bilbao-Cortés"},{"full_name":"HETZER, Martin W","id":"86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed","orcid":"0000-0002-2111-992X","last_name":"HETZER","first_name":"Martin W"},{"full_name":"Längst, Gernot","first_name":"Gernot","last_name":"Längst"},{"full_name":"Becker, Peter B.","last_name":"Becker","first_name":"Peter B."},{"full_name":"Mattaj, Iain W.","last_name":"Mattaj","first_name":"Iain W."}],"title":"Ran binds to chromatin by two distinct mechanisms","pmid":1,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","user_id":"72615eeb-f1f3-11ec-aa25-d4573ddc34fd","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","article_type":"letter_note","publication":"Current Biology","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0960-9822"]},"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"13","keyword":["General Agricultural and Biological Sciences","General Biochemistry","Genetics and Molecular Biology"],"date_updated":"2022-07-18T08:58:05Z","abstract":[{"text":"Ran GTPase plays important roles in nucleocytoplasmic transport in interphase [1, 2] and in both spindle formation and nuclear envelope (NE) assembly during mitosis [3, 4, 5]. The latter functions rely on the presence of high local concentrations of GTP-bound Ran near mitotic chromatin [3, 4, 5]. RanGTP localization has been proposed to result from the association of Ran's GDP/GTP exchange factor, RCC1, with chromatin [6, 7, 8, 9], but Ran is shown here to bind directly to chromatin in two modes, either dependent or independent of RCC1, and, where bound, to increase the affinity of chromatin for NE membranes. We propose that the Ran binding capacity of chromatin contributes to localized spindle and NE assembly.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","month":"07","page":"1151-1156","date_created":"2022-04-07T07:57:31Z","volume":12,"year":"2002","_id":"11124","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00927-2","open_access":"1"}],"date_published":"2002-07-09T00:00:00Z","external_id":{"pmid":["12121625"]},"status":"public","citation":{"short":"D. Bilbao-Cortés, M. Hetzer, G. Längst, P.B. Becker, I.W. Mattaj, Current Biology 12 (2002) 1151–1156.","chicago":"Bilbao-Cortés, Daniel, Martin Hetzer, Gernot Längst, Peter B. Becker, and Iain W. Mattaj. “Ran Binds to Chromatin by Two Distinct Mechanisms.” <i>Current Biology</i>. Elsevier BV, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2\">https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2</a>.","ieee":"D. Bilbao-Cortés, M. Hetzer, G. Längst, P. B. Becker, and I. W. Mattaj, “Ran binds to chromatin by two distinct mechanisms,” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 12, no. 13. Elsevier BV, pp. 1151–1156, 2002.","apa":"Bilbao-Cortés, D., Hetzer, M., Längst, G., Becker, P. B., &#38; Mattaj, I. W. (2002). Ran binds to chromatin by two distinct mechanisms. <i>Current Biology</i>. Elsevier BV. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2\">https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2</a>","mla":"Bilbao-Cortés, Daniel, et al. “Ran Binds to Chromatin by Two Distinct Mechanisms.” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 12, no. 13, Elsevier BV, 2002, pp. 1151–56, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2\">10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2</a>.","ista":"Bilbao-Cortés D, Hetzer M, Längst G, Becker PB, Mattaj IW. 2002. Ran binds to chromatin by two distinct mechanisms. Current Biology. 12(13), 1151–1156.","ama":"Bilbao-Cortés D, Hetzer M, Längst G, Becker PB, Mattaj IW. Ran binds to chromatin by two distinct mechanisms. <i>Current Biology</i>. 2002;12(13):1151-1156. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2\">10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00927-2</a>"},"extern":"1","intvolume":"        12"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-2844"]},"doi":"10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Perelygin, Andrey","last_name":"Perelygin","first_name":"Andrey"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8243-4694","id":"44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Kondrashov, Fyodor","last_name":"Kondrashov","first_name":"Fyodor"},{"full_name":"Rogozin, Igor","first_name":"Igor","last_name":"Rogozin"},{"full_name":"Brinton, Margo","last_name":"Brinton","first_name":"Margo"}],"day":"01","title":"Evolution of the mouse polyubiquitin C gene","publist_id":"6787","publisher":"Springer","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","pmid":1,"publication":"Journal of Molecular Evolution","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","external_id":{"pmid":["12107596"]},"status":"public","extern":"1","intvolume":"        55","citation":{"mla":"Perelygin, Andrey, et al. “Evolution of the Mouse Polyubiquitin C Gene.” <i>Journal of Molecular Evolution</i>, vol. 55, no. 2, Springer, 2002, pp. 202–10, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0\">10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0</a>.","ista":"Perelygin A, Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Brinton M. 2002. Evolution of the mouse polyubiquitin C gene. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 55(2), 202–210.","apa":"Perelygin, A., Kondrashov, F., Rogozin, I., &#38; Brinton, M. (2002). Evolution of the mouse polyubiquitin C gene. <i>Journal of Molecular Evolution</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0</a>","ama":"Perelygin A, Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Brinton M. Evolution of the mouse polyubiquitin C gene. <i>Journal of Molecular Evolution</i>. 2002;55(2):202-210. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0\">10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0</a>","short":"A. Perelygin, F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, M. Brinton, Journal of Molecular Evolution 55 (2002) 202–210.","ieee":"A. Perelygin, F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, and M. Brinton, “Evolution of the mouse polyubiquitin C gene,” <i>Journal of Molecular Evolution</i>, vol. 55, no. 2. Springer, pp. 202–210, 2002.","chicago":"Perelygin, Andrey, Fyodor Kondrashov, Igor Rogozin, and Margo Brinton. “Evolution of the Mouse Polyubiquitin C Gene.” <i>Journal of Molecular Evolution</i>. Springer, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2318-0</a>."},"page":"202 - 210","month":"01","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The polymeric ubiquitin (poly-u) genes are composed of tandem 228-bp repeats with no spacer sequences between individual monomer units. Ubiquitin is one of the most conserved proteins known to date, and the individual units within a number of poly-u genes are significantly more similar to each other than would be expected if each unit evolved independently. It has been proposed that the rather striking similarity among poly-u monomers in some lineages is caused by a series of homogenization events. Here we report the sequences of the polyubiquitin-C (Ubc) genes in two mouse strains. Analysis of these sequences, as well as those of the previously reported Chinese hamster and rat poly-u genes, supports the assertion that the homogenization of the ubiquitin-C gene in rodents is due to unequal crossing-over events. The sequence divergence of noncoding DNA was used to estimate the frequency of unequal crossing-over events (6.3 x 10-5 events per generation) in the Ubc gene, as well as to provide evidence of apparent selection in the poly-u gene."}],"date_updated":"2023-07-26T12:01:34Z","volume":55,"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:53Z","acknowledgement":"We are thankful to J.A. Southerland and P.L. Jiang for technical assistance in DNA sequencing, as well as to Y.I. Pavlov for helpful discussions. This work was supported by public Health Service Research Grant AI45135 from the Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health.","year":"2002","_id":"859"},{"issue":"2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1465-6906"]},"article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Genome Biology","pmid":1,"publisher":"BioMed Central","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publist_id":"6781","title":"Selection in the evolution of gene duplications ","day":"01","author":[{"first_name":"Fyodor","last_name":"Kondrashov","id":"44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8243-4694","full_name":"Kondrashov, Fyodor"},{"first_name":"Igor","last_name":"Rogozin","full_name":"Rogozin, Igor"},{"full_name":"Wolf, Yuri","last_name":"Wolf","first_name":"Yuri"},{"first_name":"Eugene","last_name":"Koonin","full_name":"Koonin, Eugene"}],"citation":{"apa":"Kondrashov, F., Rogozin, I., Wolf, Y., &#38; Koonin, E. (2002). Selection in the evolution of gene duplications . <i>Genome Biology</i>. BioMed Central. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008\">https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008</a>","ista":"Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Wolf Y, Koonin E. 2002. Selection in the evolution of gene duplications . Genome Biology. 3(2).","mla":"Kondrashov, Fyodor, et al. “Selection in the Evolution of Gene Duplications .” <i>Genome Biology</i>, vol. 3, no. 2, BioMed Central, 2002, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008\">10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008</a>.","ama":"Kondrashov F, Rogozin I, Wolf Y, Koonin E. Selection in the evolution of gene duplications . <i>Genome Biology</i>. 2002;3(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008\">10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008</a>","short":"F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, Y. Wolf, E. Koonin, Genome Biology 3 (2002).","chicago":"Kondrashov, Fyodor, Igor Rogozin, Yuri Wolf, and Eugene Koonin. “Selection in the Evolution of Gene Duplications .” <i>Genome Biology</i>. BioMed Central, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008\">https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2002-3-2-research0008</a>.","ieee":"F. Kondrashov, I. Rogozin, Y. Wolf, and E. Koonin, “Selection in the evolution of gene duplications ,” <i>Genome Biology</i>, vol. 3, no. 2. BioMed Central, 2002."},"intvolume":"         3","extern":"1","status":"public","external_id":{"pmid":["11864370"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC65685/"}],"date_published":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"_id":"871","year":"2002","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to A.S. Kondrashov for numerous helpful suggestions, to I. King Jordan, M.A. Roytberg, J.L. Spouge and D.A. Kondrashov for useful discussions and to A.S. Kondrashov, I. King Jordan and D.J. Lipman for critical reading of the manuscript.","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:57Z","volume":3,"oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","month":"01","date_updated":"2023-07-26T11:48:27Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"BACKGROUND: Gene duplications have a major role in the evolution of new biological functions. Theoretical studies often assume that a duplication per se is selectively neutral and that, following a duplication, one of the gene copies is freed from purifying (stabilizing) selection, which creates the potential for evolution of a new function. RESULTS: In search of systematic evidence of accelerated evolution after duplication, we used data from 26 bacterial, six archaeal, and seven eukaryotic genomes to compare the mode and strength of selection acting on recently duplicated genes (paralogs) and on similarly diverged, unduplicated orthologous genes in different species. We find that the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (Kn/Ks) in most paralogous pairs is &lt;&lt;1 and that paralogs typically evolve at similar rates, without significant asymmetry, indicating that both paralogs produced by a duplication are subject to purifying selection. This selection is, however, substantially weaker than the purifying selection affecting unduplicated orthologs that have diverged to the same extent as the analyzed paralogs. Most of the recently duplicated genes appear to be involved in various forms of environmental response; in particular, many of them encode membrane and secreted proteins. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this analysis indicate that recently duplicated paralogs evolve faster than orthologs with the same level of divergence and similar functions, but apparently do not experience a phase of neutral evolution. We hypothesize that gene duplications that persist in an evolving lineage are beneficial from the time of their origin, due primarily to a protein dosage effect in response to variable environmental conditions; duplications are likely to give rise to new functions at a later phase of their evolution once a higher level of divergence is reached."}]},{"citation":{"ama":"Kondrashov A, Sunyaev S, Kondrashov F. Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities in protein evolution. <i>PNAS</i>. 2002;99(23):14878-14883. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232565499\">10.1073/pnas.232565499</a>","mla":"Kondrashov, Alexey, et al. “Dobzhansky-Muller Incompatibilities in Protein Evolution.” <i>PNAS</i>, vol. 99, no. 23, National Academy of Sciences, 2002, pp. 14878–83, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232565499\">10.1073/pnas.232565499</a>.","ista":"Kondrashov A, Sunyaev S, Kondrashov F. 2002. Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities in protein evolution. PNAS. 99(23), 14878–14883.","apa":"Kondrashov, A., Sunyaev, S., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2002). Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities in protein evolution. <i>PNAS</i>. National Academy of Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232565499\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232565499</a>","ieee":"A. Kondrashov, S. Sunyaev, and F. Kondrashov, “Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities in protein evolution,” <i>PNAS</i>, vol. 99, no. 23. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 14878–14883, 2002.","chicago":"Kondrashov, Alexey, Shamil Sunyaev, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Dobzhansky-Muller Incompatibilities in Protein Evolution.” <i>PNAS</i>. National Academy of Sciences, 2002. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232565499\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232565499</a>.","short":"A. Kondrashov, S. Sunyaev, F. Kondrashov, PNAS 99 (2002) 14878–14883."},"intvolume":"        99","extern":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["12403824"]},"status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC137512/"}],"date_published":"2002-11-12T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","_id":"885","year":"2002","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:49:01Z","volume":99,"oa_version":"Published Version","month":"11","type":"journal_article","date_updated":"2023-07-26T09:48:37Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We study fitness landscape in the space of protein sequences by relating sets of human pathogenic missense mutations in 32 proteins to amino acid substitutions that occurred in the course of evolution of these proteins. On average, ≈10% of deviations of a nonhuman protein from its human ortholog are compensated pathogenic deviations (CPDs), i.e., are caused by an amino acid substitution that, at this site, would be pathogenic to humans. Normal functioning of a CPD-containing protein must be caused by other, compensatory deviations of the nonhuman species from humans. Together, a CPD and the corresponding compensatory deviation form a Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibility that can be visualized as the corner on a fitness ridge. Thus, proteins evolve along fitness ridges which contain only ≈10 steps between sucessive corners. The fraction of CPDs among all deviations of a protein from its human ortholog does not increase with the evolutionary distance between the proteins, indicating that subtitutions that carry evolving proteins around these corners occur in rapid succession, driven by positive selection. Data on fitness of interspecies hybrids suggest that the compensatory change that makes a CPD fit usually occurs within the same protein. Data on protein structures and on cooccurrence of amino acids at different sites of multiple orthologous proteins often make it possible to provisionally identify the substitution that compensates a partiCUlar CPD."}],"page":"14878 - 14883","issue":"23","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1073/pnas.232565499","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0027-8424"]},"article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"PNAS","pmid":1,"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","publist_id":"6763","title":"Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities in protein evolution","day":"12","author":[{"first_name":"Alexey","last_name":"Kondrashov","full_name":"Kondrashov, Alexey"},{"full_name":"Sunyaev, Shamil","last_name":"Sunyaev","first_name":"Shamil"},{"id":"44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8243-4694","full_name":"Kondrashov, Fyodor","first_name":"Fyodor","last_name":"Kondrashov"}]}]