[{"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:12:46Z","issue":"10","year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2020-01-15T12:13:37Z","citation":{"apa":"Schafzahl, L., Ehmann, H., Kriechbaum, M., Sattelkow, J., Ganner, T., Plank, H., … Freunberger, S. A. (2018). Long-chain Li and Na alkyl carbonates as solid electrolyte interphase components: Structure, ion transport, and mechanical properties. <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>. ACS. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750</a>","short":"L. Schafzahl, H. Ehmann, M. Kriechbaum, J. Sattelkow, T. Ganner, H. Plank, M. Wilkening, S.A. Freunberger, Chemistry of Materials 30 (2018) 3338–3345.","ama":"Schafzahl L, Ehmann H, Kriechbaum M, et al. Long-chain Li and Na alkyl carbonates as solid electrolyte interphase components: Structure, ion transport, and mechanical properties. <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>. 2018;30(10):3338-3345. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750\">10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750</a>","ieee":"L. Schafzahl <i>et al.</i>, “Long-chain Li and Na alkyl carbonates as solid electrolyte interphase components: Structure, ion transport, and mechanical properties,” <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>, vol. 30, no. 10. ACS, pp. 3338–3345, 2018.","chicago":"Schafzahl, Lukas, Heike Ehmann, Manfred Kriechbaum, Jürgen Sattelkow, Thomas Ganner, Harald Plank, Martin Wilkening, and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “Long-Chain Li and Na Alkyl Carbonates as Solid Electrolyte Interphase Components: Structure, Ion Transport, and Mechanical Properties.” <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>. ACS, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750</a>.","mla":"Schafzahl, Lukas, et al. “Long-Chain Li and Na Alkyl Carbonates as Solid Electrolyte Interphase Components: Structure, Ion Transport, and Mechanical Properties.” <i>Chemistry of Materials</i>, vol. 30, no. 10, ACS, 2018, pp. 3338–45, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750\">10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750</a>.","ista":"Schafzahl L, Ehmann H, Kriechbaum M, Sattelkow J, Ganner T, Plank H, Wilkening M, Freunberger SA. 2018. Long-chain Li and Na alkyl carbonates as solid electrolyte interphase components: Structure, ion transport, and mechanical properties. Chemistry of Materials. 30(10), 3338–3345."},"title":"Long-chain Li and Na alkyl carbonates as solid electrolyte interphase components: Structure, ion transport, and mechanical properties","intvolume":"        30","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"7286","article_type":"original","publication":"Chemistry of Materials","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00750","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Schafzahl","full_name":"Schafzahl, Lukas","first_name":"Lukas"},{"last_name":"Ehmann","first_name":"Heike","full_name":"Ehmann, Heike"},{"first_name":"Manfred","full_name":"Kriechbaum, Manfred","last_name":"Kriechbaum"},{"last_name":"Sattelkow","first_name":"Jürgen","full_name":"Sattelkow, Jürgen"},{"last_name":"Ganner","full_name":"Ganner, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas"},{"last_name":"Plank","full_name":"Plank, Harald","first_name":"Harald"},{"last_name":"Wilkening","full_name":"Wilkening, Martin","first_name":"Martin"},{"last_name":"Freunberger","id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319","first_name":"Stefan Alexander","full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0897-4756"],"eissn":["1520-5002"]},"month":"05","day":"03","oa_version":"None","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in Li and Na ion batteries forms when highly reducing or oxidizing electrode materials come into contact with a liquid organic electrolyte. Its ability to form a mechanically robust, ion-conducting, and electron-insulating layer critically determines performance, cycle life, and safety. Li or Na alkyl carbonates (LiAC and NaAC, respectively) are lead SEI components in state-of-the-art carbonate based electrolytes, and our fundamental understanding of their charge transport and mechanical properties may hold the key to designing electrolytes forming an improved SEI. We synthesized a homologous series of LiACs and NaACs from methyl to octyl analogues and characterized them with respect to structure, ionic conductivity, and stiffness. The compounds assume layered structures except for the lithium methyl carbonate. Room-temperature conductivities were found to be ∼10–9 S cm–1 for lithium methyl carbonate, <10–12 S cm–1 for the other LiACs, and <10–12 S cm–1 for the NaACs with ion transport mostly attributed to grain boundaries. While LiACs show stiffnesses of ∼1 GPa, NaACs become significantly softer with increasing chain lengths. These findings will help to more precisely interpret the complex results from charge transport and mechanical characterization of real SEIs and can give a rationale for influencing the SEI’s mechanical properties via the electrolyte."}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"ACS","date_published":"2018-05-03T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","extern":"1","page":"3338-3345","volume":30,"quality_controlled":"1"},{"oa":1,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:12:46Z","issue":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Quantifying total superoxide, peroxide, and carbonaceous compounds in metal–O2 batteries and the solid electrolyte interphase","intvolume":"         3","has_accepted_license":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"ACS Energy Letters","author":[{"last_name":"Schafzahl","full_name":"Schafzahl, Bettina","first_name":"Bettina"},{"last_name":"Mourad","first_name":"Eléonore","full_name":"Mourad, Eléonore"},{"last_name":"Schafzahl","first_name":"Lukas","full_name":"Schafzahl, Lukas"},{"first_name":"Yann K.","full_name":"Petit, Yann K.","last_name":"Petit"},{"last_name":"Raju","first_name":"Anjana R.","full_name":"Raju, Anjana R."},{"last_name":"Thotiyl","first_name":"Musthafa Ottakam","full_name":"Thotiyl, Musthafa Ottakam"},{"first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Wilkening, Martin","last_name":"Wilkening"},{"last_name":"Slugovc","full_name":"Slugovc, Christian","first_name":"Christian"},{"id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425","last_name":"Freunberger","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319","first_name":"Stefan Alexander","full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander"}],"month":"01","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2380-8195","2380-8195"]},"day":"01","oa_version":"Submitted Version","file":[{"file_id":"8049","checksum":"461ccf575ba077af90314fe72d20521e","file_name":"O2 TIOC_fin_incl_SI.pdf","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:55Z","date_created":"2020-06-29T14:19:36Z","creator":"sfreunbe","relation":"main_file","file_size":1892355,"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","type":"journal_article","year":"2018","date_created":"2020-01-15T12:13:52Z","citation":{"ama":"Schafzahl B, Mourad E, Schafzahl L, et al. Quantifying total superoxide, peroxide, and carbonaceous compounds in metal–O2 batteries and the solid electrolyte interphase. <i>ACS Energy Letters</i>. 2018;3(1):170-176. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111\">10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111</a>","ieee":"B. Schafzahl <i>et al.</i>, “Quantifying total superoxide, peroxide, and carbonaceous compounds in metal–O2 batteries and the solid electrolyte interphase,” <i>ACS Energy Letters</i>, vol. 3, no. 1. ACS, pp. 170–176, 2018.","short":"B. Schafzahl, E. Mourad, L. Schafzahl, Y.K. Petit, A.R. Raju, M.O. Thotiyl, M. Wilkening, C. Slugovc, S.A. Freunberger, ACS Energy Letters 3 (2018) 170–176.","chicago":"Schafzahl, Bettina, Eléonore Mourad, Lukas Schafzahl, Yann K. Petit, Anjana R. Raju, Musthafa Ottakam Thotiyl, Martin Wilkening, Christian Slugovc, and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “Quantifying Total Superoxide, Peroxide, and Carbonaceous Compounds in Metal–O2 Batteries and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase.” <i>ACS Energy Letters</i>. ACS, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111</a>.","ista":"Schafzahl B, Mourad E, Schafzahl L, Petit YK, Raju AR, Thotiyl MO, Wilkening M, Slugovc C, Freunberger SA. 2018. Quantifying total superoxide, peroxide, and carbonaceous compounds in metal–O2 batteries and the solid electrolyte interphase. ACS Energy Letters. 3(1), 170–176.","mla":"Schafzahl, Bettina, et al. “Quantifying Total Superoxide, Peroxide, and Carbonaceous Compounds in Metal–O2 Batteries and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase.” <i>ACS Energy Letters</i>, vol. 3, no. 1, ACS, 2018, pp. 170–76, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111\">10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111</a>.","apa":"Schafzahl, B., Mourad, E., Schafzahl, L., Petit, Y. K., Raju, A. R., Thotiyl, M. O., … Freunberger, S. A. (2018). Quantifying total superoxide, peroxide, and carbonaceous compounds in metal–O2 batteries and the solid electrolyte interphase. <i>ACS Energy Letters</i>. ACS. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111</a>"},"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:55Z","_id":"7287","article_type":"letter_note","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01111","publication_status":"published","ddc":["540","543","546","547"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Passivation layers on electrode materials are ubiquitous in nonaqueous battery chemistries and strongly govern performance and lifetime. They comprise breakdown products of the electrolyte including carbonate, alkyl carbonates, alkoxides, carboxylates, and polymers. Parasitic chemistry in metal–O2 batteries forms similar products and is tied to the deviation of the O2 balance from the ideal stoichiometry during formation/decomposition of alkaline peroxides or superoxides. Accurate and integral quantification of carbonaceous species and peroxides or superoxides in battery electrodes remains, however, elusive. We present a refined procedure to quantify them accurately and sensitively by pointing out and rectifying pitfalls of previous procedures. Carbonaceous compounds are differentiated into inorganic and organic ones. We combine mass and UV–vis spectrometry to quantify evolved O2 and complexed peroxide and CO2 evolved from carbonaceous compounds by acid treatment and Fenton’s reaction. The capabilities of the method are exemplified by means of Li–O2 and Na–O2 cathodes, graphite anodes, and LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathodes."}],"publisher":"ACS","date_published":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","page":"170-176","extern":"1","volume":3,"quality_controlled":"1"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Real-Time Systems","title":"Automated competitive analysis of real time scheduling with graph games","issue":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"960","date_updated":"2023-09-27T12:52:38Z","oa":1,"scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","intvolume":"        54","isi":1,"type":"journal_article","status":"public","author":[{"first_name":"Krishnendu","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","last_name":"Chatterjee","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X"},{"first_name":"Andreas","full_name":"Pavlogiannis, Andreas","id":"49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pavlogiannis","orcid":"0000-0002-8943-0722"},{"last_name":"Kößler","full_name":"Kößler, Alexander","first_name":"Alexander"},{"full_name":"Schmid, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Schmid"}],"file":[{"checksum":"c2590ef160709d8054cf29ee173f1454","file_id":"5267","file_name":"IST-2018-960-v1+1_2017_Chatterjee_Automated_competetive.pdf","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:17:14Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:56Z","creator":"system","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1163507,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"01","month":"01","_id":"738","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:56Z","doi":"10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4","publist_id":"6929","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:14Z","citation":{"short":"K. Chatterjee, A. Pavlogiannis, A. Kößler, U. Schmid, Real-Time Systems 54 (2018) 166–207.","ieee":"K. Chatterjee, A. Pavlogiannis, A. Kößler, and U. Schmid, “Automated competitive analysis of real time scheduling with graph games,” <i>Real-Time Systems</i>, vol. 54, no. 1. Springer, pp. 166–207, 2018.","ama":"Chatterjee K, Pavlogiannis A, Kößler A, Schmid U. Automated competitive analysis of real time scheduling with graph games. <i>Real-Time Systems</i>. 2018;54(1):166-207. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4\">10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4</a>","chicago":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Andreas Pavlogiannis, Alexander Kößler, and Ulrich Schmid. “Automated Competitive Analysis of Real Time Scheduling with Graph Games.” <i>Real-Time Systems</i>. Springer, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4</a>.","ista":"Chatterjee K, Pavlogiannis A, Kößler A, Schmid U. 2018. Automated competitive analysis of real time scheduling with graph games. Real-Time Systems. 54(1), 166–207.","mla":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Automated Competitive Analysis of Real Time Scheduling with Graph Games.” <i>Real-Time Systems</i>, vol. 54, no. 1, Springer, 2018, pp. 166–207, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4\">10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4</a>.","apa":"Chatterjee, K., Pavlogiannis, A., Kößler, A., &#38; Schmid, U. (2018). Automated competitive analysis of real time scheduling with graph games. <i>Real-Time Systems</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11241-017-9293-4</a>"},"year":"2018","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"2820","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"S 11407_N23","_id":"25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering"},{"name":"Game Theory","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"S11407"},{"_id":"2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"P 23499-N23","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification"},{"name":"Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"279307"},{"name":"Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship","_id":"2587B514-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"volume":54,"quality_controlled":"1","page":"166 - 207","department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"date_published":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Springer","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"This paper is devoted to automatic competitive analysis of real-time scheduling algorithms for firm-deadline tasksets, where only completed tasks con- tribute some utility to the system. Given such a taskset T , the competitive ratio of an on-line scheduling algorithm A for T is the worst-case utility ratio of A over the utility achieved by a clairvoyant algorithm. We leverage the theory of quantitative graph games to address the competitive analysis and competitive synthesis problems. For the competitive analysis case, given any taskset T and any finite-memory on- line scheduling algorithm A , we show that the competitive ratio of A in T can be computed in polynomial time in the size of the state space of A . Our approach is flexible as it also provides ways to model meaningful constraints on the released task sequences that determine the competitive ratio. We provide an experimental study of many well-known on-line scheduling algorithms, which demonstrates the feasibility of our competitive analysis approach that effectively replaces human ingenuity (required Preliminary versions of this paper have appeared in Chatterjee et al. ( 2013 , 2014 ). B Andreas Pavlogiannis pavlogiannis@ist.ac.at Krishnendu Chatterjee krish.chat@ist.ac.at Alexander Kößler koe@ecs.tuwien.ac.at Ulrich Schmid s@ecs.tuwien.ac.at 1 IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria 2 Embedded Computing Systems Group, Vienna University of Technology, Treitlstrasse 3, 1040 Vienna, Austria 123 Real-Time Syst for finding worst-case scenarios) by computing power. For the competitive synthesis case, we are just given a taskset T , and the goal is to automatically synthesize an opti- mal on-line scheduling algorithm A , i.e., one that guarantees the largest competitive ratio possible for T . We show how the competitive synthesis problem can be reduced to a two-player graph game with partial information, and establish that the compu- tational complexity of solving this game is Np -complete. The competitive synthesis problem is hence in Np in the size of the state space of the non-deterministic labeled transition system encoding the taskset. Overall, the proposed framework assists in the selection of suitable scheduling algorithms for a given taskset, which is in fact the most common situation in real-time systems design. ","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000419955500006"]},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"ddc":["000"]},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019)","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:13:26Z","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Proofs of catalytic space","intvolume":"       124","scopus_import":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","alternative_title":["LIPIcs"],"type":"conference","status":"public","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-9139-1654","id":"3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pietrzak","full_name":"Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z","first_name":"Krzysztof Z"}],"conference":{"location":"San Diego, CA, United States","end_date":"2019-01-12","name":"ITCS: Innovations in theoretical Computer Science Conference","start_date":"2019-01-10"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1868-8969"],"isbn":["978-3-95977-095-8"]},"month":"12","oa_version":"Published Version","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://eprint.iacr.org/2018/194","open_access":"1"}],"day":"31","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","file":[{"creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":822884,"file_id":"7443","checksum":"5cebb7f7849a3beda898f697d755dd96","file_name":"2018_LIPIcs_Pietrzak.pdf","date_created":"2020-02-04T08:17:52Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:57Z"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:57Z","_id":"7407","doi":"10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59","year":"2018","citation":{"ama":"Pietrzak KZ. Proofs of catalytic space. In: <i>10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019)</i>. Vol 124. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2018:59:1-59:25. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59\">10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59</a>","ieee":"K. Z. Pietrzak, “Proofs of catalytic space,” in <i>10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019)</i>, San Diego, CA, United States, 2018, vol. 124, p. 59:1-59:25.","short":"K.Z. Pietrzak, in:, 10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019), Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2018, p. 59:1-59:25.","mla":"Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z. “Proofs of Catalytic Space.” <i>10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019)</i>, vol. 124, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2018, p. 59:1-59:25, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59\">10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59</a>.","chicago":"Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z. “Proofs of Catalytic Space.” In <i>10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019)</i>, 124:59:1-59:25. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59\">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59</a>.","ista":"Pietrzak KZ. 2018. Proofs of catalytic space. 10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019). ITCS: Innovations in theoretical Computer Science Conference, LIPIcs, vol. 124, 59:1-59:25.","apa":"Pietrzak, K. Z. (2018). Proofs of catalytic space. In <i>10th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science  Conference (ITCS 2019)</i> (Vol. 124, p. 59:1-59:25). San Diego, CA, United States: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59\">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.ITCS.2019.59</a>"},"date_created":"2020-01-30T09:16:05Z","ec_funded":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"682815","_id":"258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"publisher":"Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik","date_published":"2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","department":[{"_id":"KrPi"}],"page":"59:1-59:25","volume":124,"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","ddc":["000"],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Proofs of space (PoS) [Dziembowski et al., CRYPTO'15] are proof systems where a prover can convince a verifier that he \"wastes\" disk space. PoS were introduced as a more ecological and economical replacement for proofs of work which are currently used to secure blockchains like Bitcoin. In this work we investigate extensions of PoS which allow the prover to embed useful data into the dedicated space, which later can be recovered. Our first contribution is a security proof for the original PoS from CRYPTO'15 in the random oracle model (the original proof only applied to a restricted class of adversaries which can store a subset of the data an honest prover would store). When this PoS is instantiated with recent constructions of maximally depth robust graphs, our proof implies basically optimal security. As a second contribution we show three different extensions of this PoS where useful data can be embedded into the space required by the prover. Our security proof for the PoS extends (non-trivially) to these constructions. We discuss how some of these variants can be used as proofs of catalytic space (PoCS), a notion we put forward in this work, and which basically is a PoS where most of the space required by the prover can be used to backup useful data. Finally we discuss how one of the extensions is a candidate construction for a proof of replication (PoR), a proof system recently suggested in the Filecoin whitepaper. "}]},{"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"1378","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"year":"2018","citation":{"short":"D. Dotterrer, T. Kaufman, U. Wagner, Geometriae Dedicata 195 (2018) 307–317.","ama":"Dotterrer D, Kaufman T, Wagner U. On expansion and topological overlap. <i>Geometriae Dedicata</i>. 2018;195(1):307–317. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4\">10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4</a>","ieee":"D. Dotterrer, T. Kaufman, and U. Wagner, “On expansion and topological overlap,” <i>Geometriae Dedicata</i>, vol. 195, no. 1. Springer, pp. 307–317, 2018.","ista":"Dotterrer D, Kaufman T, Wagner U. 2018. On expansion and topological overlap. Geometriae Dedicata. 195(1), 307–317.","mla":"Dotterrer, Dominic, et al. “On Expansion and Topological Overlap.” <i>Geometriae Dedicata</i>, vol. 195, no. 1, Springer, 2018, pp. 307–317, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4\">10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4</a>.","chicago":"Dotterrer, Dominic, Tali Kaufman, and Uli Wagner. “On Expansion and Topological Overlap.” <i>Geometriae Dedicata</i>. Springer, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4</a>.","apa":"Dotterrer, D., Kaufman, T., &#38; Wagner, U. (2018). On expansion and topological overlap. <i>Geometriae Dedicata</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4</a>"},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:16Z","publist_id":"6925","doi":"10.1007/s10711-017-0291-4","_id":"742","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:58Z","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"ddc":["514","516"],"abstract":[{"text":"We give a detailed and easily accessible proof of Gromov’s Topological Overlap Theorem. Let X be a finite simplicial complex or, more generally, a finite polyhedral cell complex of dimension d. Informally, the theorem states that if X has sufficiently strong higher-dimensional expansion properties (which generalize edge expansion of graphs and are defined in terms of cellular cochains of X) then X has the following topological overlap property: for every continuous map (Formula presented.) there exists a point (Formula presented.) that is contained in the images of a positive fraction (Formula presented.) of the d-cells of X. More generally, the conclusion holds if (Formula presented.) is replaced by any d-dimensional piecewise-linear manifold M, with a constant (Formula presented.) that depends only on d and on the expansion properties of X, but not on M.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000437122700017"]},"publication_status":"published","date_published":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Springer","volume":195,"quality_controlled":"1","page":"307–317","department":[{"_id":"UlWa"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"PP00P2_138948","_id":"25FA3206-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Embeddings in Higher Dimensions: Algorithms and Combinatorics"}],"isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","intvolume":"       195","scopus_import":"1","issue":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","pubrep_id":"912","oa":1,"date_updated":"2023-09-27T12:29:57Z","title":"On expansion and topological overlap","publication":"Geometriae Dedicata","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"08","file":[{"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:58Z","date_created":"2019-01-15T13:44:05Z","file_id":"5835","file_name":"s10711-017-0291-4.pdf","checksum":"d2f70fc132156504aa4c626aa378a7ab","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":412486,"creator":"kschuh"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","day":"01","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"last_name":"Dotterrer","first_name":"Dominic","full_name":"Dotterrer, Dominic"},{"full_name":"Kaufman, Tali","first_name":"Tali","last_name":"Kaufman"},{"first_name":"Uli","full_name":"Wagner, Uli","orcid":"0000-0002-1494-0568","id":"36690CA2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Wagner"}],"type":"journal_article","status":"public"},{"article_number":"061101","intvolume":"       124","citation":{"apa":"Viehland, D., Li, J. F., Yang, Y., Costanzo, T., Yourdkhani, A., Caruntu, G., … Srinivasan, G. (2018). Tutorial: Product properties in multiferroic nanocomposites. <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>. AIP. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038726\">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038726</a>","ama":"Viehland D, Li JF, Yang Y, et al. Tutorial: Product properties in multiferroic nanocomposites. <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>. 2018;124(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038726\">10.1063/1.5038726</a>","ieee":"D. Viehland <i>et al.</i>, “Tutorial: Product properties in multiferroic nanocomposites,” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, vol. 124, no. 6. AIP, 2018.","short":"D. Viehland, J.F. Li, Y. Yang, T. Costanzo, A. Yourdkhani, G. Caruntu, P. Zhou, T. Zhang, T. Li, A. Gupta, M. Popov, G. Srinivasan, Journal of Applied Physics 124 (2018).","ista":"Viehland D, Li JF, Yang Y, Costanzo T, Yourdkhani A, Caruntu G, Zhou P, Zhang T, Li T, Gupta A, Popov M, Srinivasan G. 2018. Tutorial: Product properties in multiferroic nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Physics. 124(6), 061101.","mla":"Viehland, Dwight, et al. “Tutorial: Product Properties in Multiferroic Nanocomposites.” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, vol. 124, no. 6, 061101, AIP, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038726\">10.1063/1.5038726</a>.","chicago":"Viehland, Dwight, Jie Fang Li, Yaodong Yang, Tommaso Costanzo, Amin Yourdkhani, Gabriel Caruntu, Peng Zhou, et al. “Tutorial: Product Properties in Multiferroic Nanocomposites.” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>. AIP, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038726\">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038726</a>."},"title":"Tutorial: Product properties in multiferroic nanocomposites","date_created":"2020-02-05T14:18:22Z","date_updated":"2023-02-23T13:08:29Z","issue":"6","year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1063/1.5038726","publication":"Journal of Applied Physics","article_type":"original","_id":"7458","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"10","oa_version":"None","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The coupling between magnetic and electric subsystems in composites of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric phases is a product property that is facilitated by mechanical strain that arises due to magnetostriction and the piezoelectric effect in the constituent phases. Such multiferroic composites are of immense interests for studies on the physics of electromagnetic coupling and for use in a variety of applications. Here, we focus on magneto-electric (ME) coupling in nanocomposites. Particular emphasis is on core-shell particles and coaxial fibers, thin film heterostructures, and planar structures with a variety of mechanical connectivity. A brief review of models that predict strong ME effects in nanostructures is followed by synthesis and characterization. Core-shell particulate composites can be prepared by hydrothermal processes and chemical or deoxyribonucleic acid-assisted assembly. Electrospinning techniques have been utilized to prepare defect free core-shell nanofibers. Core-shell particles and fibers can be assembled into superstructures with the aid of magnetic and electric fields and characterized for possible use in advanced technologies. Chemical-vapor deposition techniques have been shown to be effective for the preparation of heterostructures of ferrites and ferroelectrics. Exotic planar multiferroic structures with potential for enhancing ME coupling strengths are also considered. Scanning probe microscopy techniques are ideal for probing the nature of direct- and converse-ME coupling in individual nanostructures. Magnetoelectric characterization of assemblies of nanocomposites can be done by ME voltage coefficient, magnetic field induced polarization, and magneto-dielectric effects. We conclude with a brief discussion on possible avenues for strengthening the product properties in the nanocomposites."}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","month":"08","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Dwight","full_name":"Viehland, Dwight","last_name":"Viehland"},{"last_name":"Li","full_name":"Li, Jie Fang","first_name":"Jie Fang"},{"last_name":"Yang","full_name":"Yang, Yaodong","first_name":"Yaodong"},{"full_name":"Costanzo, Tommaso","first_name":"Tommaso","orcid":"0000-0001-9732-3815","last_name":"Costanzo","id":"D93824F4-D9BA-11E9-BB12-F207E6697425"},{"last_name":"Yourdkhani","first_name":"Amin","full_name":"Yourdkhani, Amin"},{"full_name":"Caruntu, Gabriel","first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Caruntu"},{"last_name":"Zhou","first_name":"Peng","full_name":"Zhou, Peng"},{"full_name":"Zhang, Tianjin","first_name":"Tianjin","last_name":"Zhang"},{"last_name":"Li","first_name":"Tianqian","full_name":"Li, Tianqian"},{"last_name":"Gupta","first_name":"Arunava","full_name":"Gupta, Arunava"},{"first_name":"Maksym","full_name":"Popov, Maksym","last_name":"Popov"},{"last_name":"Srinivasan","first_name":"Gopalan","full_name":"Srinivasan, Gopalan"}],"publication_status":"published","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","volume":124,"publisher":"AIP","status":"public","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2018-08-10T00:00:00Z"},{"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"75","ec_funded":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"8156","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"article_number":"1804.03057","citation":{"short":"A. Akopyan, S. Avvakumov, R. Karasev, (2018).","ieee":"A. Akopyan, S. Avvakumov, and R. Karasev, “Convex fair partitions into arbitrary number of pieces.” arXiv, 2018.","ama":"Akopyan A, Avvakumov S, Karasev R. Convex fair partitions into arbitrary number of pieces. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057\">10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057</a>","chicago":"Akopyan, Arseniy, Sergey Avvakumov, and Roman Karasev. “Convex Fair Partitions into Arbitrary Number of Pieces.” arXiv, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057</a>.","mla":"Akopyan, Arseniy, et al. <i>Convex Fair Partitions into Arbitrary Number of Pieces</i>. 1804.03057, arXiv, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057\">10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057</a>.","ista":"Akopyan A, Avvakumov S, Karasev R. 2018. Convex fair partitions into arbitrary number of pieces. 1804.03057.","apa":"Akopyan, A., Avvakumov, S., &#38; Karasev, R. (2018). Convex fair partitions into arbitrary number of pieces. arXiv. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1804.03057</a>"},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:30Z","title":"Convex fair partitions into arbitrary number of pieces","date_updated":"2023-12-18T10:51:02Z","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","year":"2018","department":[{"_id":"HeEd"},{"_id":"JaMa"}],"publisher":"arXiv","type":"preprint","status":"public","date_published":"2018-09-13T00:00:00Z","project":[{"grant_number":"716117","_id":"256E75B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Optimal Transport and Stochastic Dynamics","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","external_id":{"arxiv":["1804.03057"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.03057","open_access":"1"}],"day":"13","abstract":[{"text":"We prove that any convex body in the plane can be partitioned into m convex parts of equal areas and perimeters for any integer m≥2; this result was previously known for prime powers m=pk. We also give a higher-dimensional generalization.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","month":"09","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Akopyan","id":"430D2C90-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2548-617X","first_name":"Arseniy","full_name":"Akopyan, Arseniy"},{"id":"3827DAC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Avvakumov","first_name":"Sergey","full_name":"Avvakumov, Sergey"},{"first_name":"Roman","full_name":"Karasev, Roman","last_name":"Karasev"}],"arxiv":1},{"author":[{"full_name":"Lenzen, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Lenzen"},{"last_name":"Rybicki","id":"334EFD2E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-6432-6646","first_name":"Joel","full_name":"Rybicki, Joel"}],"month":"09","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","file":[{"file_size":799337,"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2018-12-17T14:21:22Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:01Z","checksum":"872db70bba9b401500abe3c6ae2f1a61","file_name":"2018_DistributedComputing_Lenzen.pdf","file_id":"5711"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","day":"12","type":"journal_article","status":"public","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","date_updated":"2023-09-13T09:01:06Z","oa":1,"title":"Near-optimal self-stabilising counting and firing squads","isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Distributed Computing","publication_status":"published","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"ddc":["000"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Consider a fully-connected synchronous distributed system consisting of n nodes, where up to f nodes may be faulty and every node starts in an arbitrary initial state. In the synchronous C-counting problem, all nodes need to eventually agree on a counter that is increased by one modulo C in each round for given C&gt;1. In the self-stabilising firing squad problem, the task is to eventually guarantee that all non-faulty nodes have simultaneous responses to external inputs: if a subset of the correct nodes receive an external “go” signal as input, then all correct nodes should agree on a round (in the not-too-distant future) in which to jointly output a “fire” signal. Moreover, no node should generate a “fire” signal without some correct node having previously received a “go” signal as input. We present a framework reducing both tasks to binary consensus at very small cost. For example, we obtain a deterministic algorithm for self-stabilising Byzantine firing squads with optimal resilience f&lt;n/3, asymptotically optimal stabilisation and response time O(f), and message size O(log f). As our framework does not restrict the type of consensus routines used, we also obtain efficient randomised solutions."}],"external_id":{"isi":["000475627800005"]},"project":[{"_id":"B67AFEDC-15C9-11EA-A837-991A96BB2854","name":"IST Austria Open Access Fund"}],"date_published":"2018-09-12T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Springer","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"DaAl"}],"year":"2018","publist_id":"7978","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:30Z","citation":{"apa":"Lenzen, C., &#38; Rybicki, J. (2018). Near-optimal self-stabilising counting and firing squads. <i>Distributed Computing</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6</a>","ista":"Lenzen C, Rybicki J. 2018. Near-optimal self-stabilising counting and firing squads. Distributed Computing.","chicago":"Lenzen, Christoph, and Joel Rybicki. “Near-Optimal Self-Stabilising Counting and Firing Squads.” <i>Distributed Computing</i>. Springer, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6</a>.","mla":"Lenzen, Christoph, and Joel Rybicki. “Near-Optimal Self-Stabilising Counting and Firing Squads.” <i>Distributed Computing</i>, Springer, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6\">10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6</a>.","ama":"Lenzen C, Rybicki J. Near-optimal self-stabilising counting and firing squads. <i>Distributed Computing</i>. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6\">10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6</a>","ieee":"C. Lenzen and J. Rybicki, “Near-optimal self-stabilising counting and firing squads,” <i>Distributed Computing</i>. Springer, 2018.","short":"C. Lenzen, J. Rybicki, Distributed Computing (2018)."},"_id":"76","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:01Z","doi":"10.1007/s00446-018-0342-6"},{"extern":"1","page":"341-355.e3","volume":97,"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Elsevier","date_published":"2018-01-04T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","day":"04","oa_version":"None","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Motor output varies along the rostro-caudal axis of the tetrapod spinal cord. At limb levels, ∼60 motor pools control the alternation of flexor and extensor muscles about each joint, whereas at thoracic levels as few as 10 motor pools supply muscle groups that support posture, inspiration, and expiration. Whether such differences in motor neuron identity and muscle number are associated with segmental distinctions in interneuron diversity has not been resolved. We show that select combinations of nineteen transcription factors that specify lumbar V1 inhibitory interneurons generate subpopulations enriched at limb and thoracic levels. Specification of limb and thoracic V1 interneurons involves the Hox gene Hoxc9 independently of motor neurons. Thus, early Hox patterning of the spinal cord determines the identity of V1 interneurons and motor neurons. These studies reveal a developmental program of V1 interneuron diversity, providing insight into the organization of inhibitory interneurons associated with differential motor output."}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","month":"01","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0896-6273"]},"publication_status":"published","author":[{"first_name":"Lora Beatrice Jaeger","full_name":"Sweeney, Lora Beatrice Jaeger","orcid":"0000-0001-9242-5601","id":"56BE8254-C4F0-11E9-8E45-0B23E6697425","last_name":"Sweeney"},{"last_name":"Bikoff","first_name":"Jay B.","full_name":"Bikoff, Jay B."},{"last_name":"Gabitto","full_name":"Gabitto, Mariano I.","first_name":"Mariano I."},{"full_name":"Brenner-Morton, Susan","first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Brenner-Morton"},{"last_name":"Baek","full_name":"Baek, Myungin","first_name":"Myungin"},{"full_name":"Yang, Jerry H.","first_name":"Jerry H.","last_name":"Yang"},{"last_name":"Tabak","full_name":"Tabak, Esteban G.","first_name":"Esteban G."},{"first_name":"Jeremy S.","full_name":"Dasen, Jeremy S.","last_name":"Dasen"},{"last_name":"Kintner","first_name":"Christopher R.","full_name":"Kintner, Christopher R."},{"last_name":"Jessell","first_name":"Thomas M.","full_name":"Jessell, Thomas M."}],"doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029","publication":"Neuron","_id":"7698","article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":"        97","title":"Origin and segmental diversity of spinal inhibitory interneurons","citation":{"chicago":"Sweeney, Lora B., Jay B. Bikoff, Mariano I. Gabitto, Susan Brenner-Morton, Myungin Baek, Jerry H. Yang, Esteban G. Tabak, Jeremy S. Dasen, Christopher R. Kintner, and Thomas M. Jessell. “Origin and Segmental Diversity of Spinal Inhibitory Interneurons.” <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029</a>.","ista":"Sweeney LB, Bikoff JB, Gabitto MI, Brenner-Morton S, Baek M, Yang JH, Tabak EG, Dasen JS, Kintner CR, Jessell TM. 2018. Origin and segmental diversity of spinal inhibitory interneurons. Neuron. 97(2), 341–355.e3.","mla":"Sweeney, Lora B., et al. “Origin and Segmental Diversity of Spinal Inhibitory Interneurons.” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 97, no. 2, Elsevier, 2018, p. 341–355.e3, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029\">10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029</a>.","short":"L.B. Sweeney, J.B. Bikoff, M.I. Gabitto, S. Brenner-Morton, M. Baek, J.H. Yang, E.G. Tabak, J.S. Dasen, C.R. Kintner, T.M. Jessell, Neuron 97 (2018) 341–355.e3.","ieee":"L. B. Sweeney <i>et al.</i>, “Origin and segmental diversity of spinal inhibitory interneurons,” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 97, no. 2. Elsevier, p. 341–355.e3, 2018.","ama":"Sweeney LB, Bikoff JB, Gabitto MI, et al. Origin and segmental diversity of spinal inhibitory interneurons. <i>Neuron</i>. 2018;97(2):341-355.e3. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029\">10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029</a>","apa":"Sweeney, L. B., Bikoff, J. B., Gabitto, M. I., Brenner-Morton, S., Baek, M., Yang, J. H., … Jessell, T. M. (2018). Origin and segmental diversity of spinal inhibitory interneurons. <i>Neuron</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.029</a>"},"date_created":"2020-04-30T10:35:13Z","date_updated":"2024-01-31T10:13:54Z","issue":"2","year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","intvolume":"         9","article_processing_charge":"Yes","issue":"3902 ","date_updated":"2023-09-08T11:44:02Z","oa":1,"title":"A germanium hole spin qubit","publication":"Nature Communications","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"09","file":[{"creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1063469,"relation":"main_file","file_name":"2018_NatureComm_Watzinger.pdf","checksum":"e7148c10a64497e279c4de570b6cc544","file_id":"5687","date_created":"2018-12-17T10:28:30Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:02Z"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","day":"25","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"last_name":"Watzinger","id":"35DF8E50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Hannes","full_name":"Watzinger, Hannes"},{"full_name":"Kukucka, Josip","first_name":"Josip","last_name":"Kukucka","id":"3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Vukusic","id":"31E9F056-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2424-8636","full_name":"Vukusic, Lada","first_name":"Lada"},{"last_name":"Gao","first_name":"Fei","full_name":"Gao, Fei"},{"last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, Ting","first_name":"Ting"},{"last_name":"Schäffler","full_name":"Schäffler, Friedrich","first_name":"Friedrich"},{"full_name":"Zhang, Jian","first_name":"Jian","last_name":"Zhang"},{"first_name":"Georgios","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","last_name":"Katsaros","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"7977","relation":"popular_science"},{"id":"7996","relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public"}]},"ec_funded":1,"year":"2018","citation":{"ieee":"H. Watzinger <i>et al.</i>, “A germanium hole spin qubit,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9, no. 3902. Nature Publishing Group, 2018.","ama":"Watzinger H, Kukucka J, Vukušić L, et al. A germanium hole spin qubit. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2018;9(3902). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4\">10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4</a>","short":"H. Watzinger, J. Kukucka, L. Vukušić, F. Gao, T. Wang, F. Schäffler, J. Zhang, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 9 (2018).","ista":"Watzinger H, Kukucka J, Vukušić L, Gao F, Wang T, Schäffler F, Zhang J, Katsaros G. 2018. A germanium hole spin qubit. Nature Communications. 9(3902).","mla":"Watzinger, Hannes, et al. “A Germanium Hole Spin Qubit.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9, no. 3902, Nature Publishing Group, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4\">10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4</a>.","chicago":"Watzinger, Hannes, Josip Kukucka, Lada Vukušić, Fei Gao, Ting Wang, Friedrich Schäffler, Jian Zhang, and Georgios Katsaros. “A Germanium Hole Spin Qubit.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4</a>.","apa":"Watzinger, H., Kukucka, J., Vukušić, L., Gao, F., Wang, T., Schäffler, F., … Katsaros, G. (2018). A germanium hole spin qubit. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4</a>"},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:30Z","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-06418-4","_id":"77","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:02Z","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"ddc":["530"],"abstract":[{"text":"Holes confined in quantum dots have gained considerable interest in the past few years due to their potential as spin qubits. Here we demonstrate two-axis control of a spin 3/2 qubit in natural Ge. The qubit is formed in a hut wire double quantum dot device. The Pauli spin blockade principle allowed us to demonstrate electric dipole spin resonance by applying a radio frequency electric field to one of the electrodes defining the double quantum dot. Coherent hole spin oscillations with Rabi frequencies reaching 140 MHz are demonstrated and dephasing times of 130 ns are measured. The reported results emphasize the potential of Ge as a platform for fast and electrically tunable hole spin qubit devices.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000445560800010"]},"publication_status":"published","date_published":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","quality_controlled":"1","volume":9,"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"project":[{"_id":"25517E86-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"335497","name":"Towards Spin qubits and Majorana fermions in Germanium selfassembled hut-wires","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"name":"Loch Spin-Qubits und Majorana-Fermionen in Germanium","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2552F888-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"Y00715"}]},{"type":"journal_article","status":"public","date_published":"2018-12-20T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","volume":9,"extern":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-1723"]},"month":"12","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Male pattern baldness (MPB) is a sex-limited, age-related, complex trait. We study MPB genetics in 205,327 European males from the UK Biobank. Here we show that MPB is strongly heritable and polygenic, with pedigree-heritability of 0.62 (SE = 0.03) estimated from close relatives, and SNP-heritability of 0.39 (SE = 0.01) from conventionally-unrelated males. We detect 624 near-independent genome-wide loci, contributing SNP-heritability of 0.25 (SE = 0.01), of which 26 X-chromosome loci explain 11.6%. Autosomal genetic variance is enriched for common variants and regions of lower linkage disequilibrium. We identify plausible genetic correlations between MPB and multiple sex-limited markers of earlier puberty, increased bone mineral density (rg = 0.15) and pancreatic β-cell function (rg = 0.12). Correlations with reproductive traits imply an effect on fitness, consistent with an estimated linear selection gradient of -0.018 per MPB standard deviation. Overall, we provide genetic insights into MPB: a phenotype of interest in its own right, with value as a model sex-limited, complex trait."}],"day":"20","oa_version":"Published Version","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y"}],"publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Yap, Chloe X.","first_name":"Chloe X.","last_name":"Yap"},{"last_name":"Sidorenko","full_name":"Sidorenko, Julia","first_name":"Julia"},{"last_name":"Wu","first_name":"Yang","full_name":"Wu, Yang"},{"last_name":"Kemper","first_name":"Kathryn E.","full_name":"Kemper, Kathryn E."},{"first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Yang, Jian","last_name":"Yang"},{"last_name":"Wray","first_name":"Naomi R.","full_name":"Wray, Naomi R."},{"last_name":"Robinson","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard"},{"last_name":"Visscher","first_name":"Peter M.","full_name":"Visscher, Peter M."}],"publication":"Nature Communications","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"7712","article_type":"original","intvolume":"         9","article_number":"5407","year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:02Z","oa":1,"citation":{"apa":"Yap, C. X., Sidorenko, J., Wu, Y., Kemper, K. E., Yang, J., Wray, N. R., … Visscher, P. M. (2018). Dissection of genetic variation and evidence for pleiotropy in male pattern baldness. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y</a>","ama":"Yap CX, Sidorenko J, Wu Y, et al. Dissection of genetic variation and evidence for pleiotropy in male pattern baldness. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2018;9. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y\">10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y</a>","ieee":"C. X. Yap <i>et al.</i>, “Dissection of genetic variation and evidence for pleiotropy in male pattern baldness,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2018.","short":"C.X. Yap, J. Sidorenko, Y. Wu, K.E. Kemper, J. Yang, N.R. Wray, M.R. Robinson, P.M. Visscher, Nature Communications 9 (2018).","ista":"Yap CX, Sidorenko J, Wu Y, Kemper KE, Yang J, Wray NR, Robinson MR, Visscher PM. 2018. Dissection of genetic variation and evidence for pleiotropy in male pattern baldness. Nature Communications. 9, 5407.","chicago":"Yap, Chloe X., Julia Sidorenko, Yang Wu, Kathryn E. Kemper, Jian Yang, Naomi R. Wray, Matthew Richard Robinson, and Peter M. Visscher. “Dissection of Genetic Variation and Evidence for Pleiotropy in Male Pattern Baldness.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y</a>.","mla":"Yap, Chloe X., et al. “Dissection of Genetic Variation and Evidence for Pleiotropy in Male Pattern Baldness.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9, 5407, Springer Nature, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y\">10.1038/s41467-018-07862-y</a>."},"date_created":"2020-04-30T10:41:19Z","title":"Dissection of genetic variation and evidence for pleiotropy in male pattern baldness"},{"publisher":"Springer Nature","status":"public","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2018-05-14T00:00:00Z","extern":"1","volume":9,"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Jing","full_name":"Guo, Jing","last_name":"Guo"},{"last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, Yang","first_name":"Yang"},{"first_name":"Zhihong","full_name":"Zhu, Zhihong","last_name":"Zhu"},{"last_name":"Zheng","full_name":"Zheng, Zhili","first_name":"Zhili"},{"full_name":"Trzaskowski, Maciej","first_name":"Maciej","last_name":"Trzaskowski"},{"full_name":"Zeng, Jian","first_name":"Jian","last_name":"Zeng"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","last_name":"Robinson","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","first_name":"Matthew Richard","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard"},{"first_name":"Peter M.","full_name":"Visscher, Peter M.","last_name":"Visscher"},{"last_name":"Yang","first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Yang, Jian"}],"publication_status":"published","month":"05","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-1723"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y"}],"day":"14","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"There are mean differences in complex traits among global human populations. We hypothesize that part of the phenotypic differentiation is due to natural selection. To address this hypothesis, we assess the differentiation in allele frequencies of trait-associated SNPs among African, Eastern Asian, and European populations for ten complex traits using data of large sample size (up to ~405,000). We show that SNPs associated with height (P=2.46×10−5), waist-to-hip ratio (P=2.77×10−4), and schizophrenia (P=3.96×10−5) are significantly more differentiated among populations than matched “control” SNPs, suggesting that these trait-associated SNPs have undergone natural selection. We further find that SNPs associated with height (P=2.01×10−6) and schizophrenia (P=5.16×10−18) show significantly higher variance in linkage disequilibrium (LD) scores across populations than control SNPs. Our results support the hypothesis that natural selection has shaped the genetic differentiation of complex traits, such as height and schizophrenia, among worldwide populations."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"7713","article_type":"original","publication":"Nature Communications","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y","oa":1,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:02Z","year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans","date_created":"2020-04-30T10:41:36Z","citation":{"short":"J. Guo, Y. Wu, Z. Zhu, Z. Zheng, M. Trzaskowski, J. Zeng, M.R. Robinson, P.M. Visscher, J. Yang, Nature Communications 9 (2018).","ama":"Guo J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, et al. Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2018;9. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y\">10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y</a>","ieee":"J. Guo <i>et al.</i>, “Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2018.","chicago":"Guo, Jing, Yang Wu, Zhihong Zhu, Zhili Zheng, Maciej Trzaskowski, Jian Zeng, Matthew Richard Robinson, Peter M. Visscher, and Jian Yang. “Global Genetic Differentiation of Complex Traits Shaped by Natural Selection in Humans.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y</a>.","mla":"Guo, Jing, et al. “Global Genetic Differentiation of Complex Traits Shaped by Natural Selection in Humans.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9, 1865, Springer Nature, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y\">10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y</a>.","ista":"Guo J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Trzaskowski M, Zeng J, Robinson MR, Visscher PM, Yang J. 2018. Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans. Nature Communications. 9, 1865.","apa":"Guo, J., Wu, Y., Zhu, Z., Zheng, Z., Trzaskowski, M., Zeng, J., … Yang, J. (2018). Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y</a>"},"intvolume":"         9","article_number":"1865"},{"volume":9,"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","type":"journal_article","status":"public","date_published":"2018-01-15T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Springer Nature","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Health risk factors such as body mass index (BMI) and serum cholesterol are associated with many common diseases. It often remains unclear whether the risk factors are cause or consequence of disease, or whether the associations are the result of confounding. We develop and apply a method (called GSMR) that performs a multi-SNP Mendelian randomization analysis using summary-level data from genome-wide association studies to test the causal associations of BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, serum cholesterols, blood pressures, height, and years of schooling (EduYears) with common diseases (sample sizes of up to 405,072). We identify a number of causal associations including a protective effect of LDL-cholesterol against type-2 diabetes (T2D) that might explain the side effects of statins on T2D, a protective effect of EduYears against Alzheimer’s disease, and bidirectional associations with opposite effects (e.g., higher BMI increases the risk of T2D but the effect of T2D on BMI is negative)."}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Published Version","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2"}],"day":"15","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-1723"]},"month":"01","author":[{"last_name":"Zhu","full_name":"Zhu, Zhihong","first_name":"Zhihong"},{"last_name":"Zheng","first_name":"Zhili","full_name":"Zheng, Zhili"},{"full_name":"Zhang, Futao","first_name":"Futao","last_name":"Zhang"},{"last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, Yang","first_name":"Yang"},{"full_name":"Trzaskowski, Maciej","first_name":"Maciej","last_name":"Trzaskowski"},{"first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Maier, Robert","last_name":"Maier"},{"full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","last_name":"Robinson","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813"},{"first_name":"John J.","full_name":"McGrath, John J.","last_name":"McGrath"},{"last_name":"Visscher","first_name":"Peter M.","full_name":"Visscher, Peter M."},{"full_name":"Wray, Naomi R.","first_name":"Naomi R.","last_name":"Wray"},{"first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Yang, Jian","last_name":"Yang"}],"publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2","publication":"Nature Communications","_id":"7714","article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"224","intvolume":"         9","date_created":"2020-04-30T10:41:55Z","citation":{"apa":"Zhu, Z., Zheng, Z., Zhang, F., Wu, Y., Trzaskowski, M., Maier, R., … Yang, J. (2018). Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2</a>","chicago":"Zhu, Zhihong, Zhili Zheng, Futao Zhang, Yang Wu, Maciej Trzaskowski, Robert Maier, Matthew Richard Robinson, et al. “Causal Associations between Risk Factors and Common Diseases Inferred from GWAS Summary Data.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2</a>.","ista":"Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Zhang F, Wu Y, Trzaskowski M, Maier R, Robinson MR, McGrath JJ, Visscher PM, Wray NR, Yang J. 2018. Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data. Nature Communications. 9, 224.","mla":"Zhu, Zhihong, et al. “Causal Associations between Risk Factors and Common Diseases Inferred from GWAS Summary Data.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9, 224, Springer Nature, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2\">10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2</a>.","ieee":"Z. Zhu <i>et al.</i>, “Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2018.","ama":"Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Zhang F, et al. Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2018;9. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2\">10.1038/s41467-017-02317-2</a>","short":"Z. Zhu, Z. Zheng, F. Zhang, Y. Wu, M. Trzaskowski, R. Maier, M.R. Robinson, J.J. McGrath, P.M. Visscher, N.R. Wray, J. Yang, Nature Communications 9 (2018)."},"title":"Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data","article_processing_charge":"No","year":"2018","oa":1,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:03Z"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2397-3374"]},"month":"11","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Preference for mates with similar phenotypes; that is, assortative mating, is widely observed in humans1,2,3,4,5 and has evolutionary consequences6,7,8. Under Fisher's classical theory6, assortative mating is predicted to induce a signature in the genome at trait-associated loci that can be detected and quantified. Here, we develop and apply a method to quantify assortative mating on a specific trait by estimating the correlation (θ) between genetic predictors of the trait from single nucleotide polymorphisms on odd- versus even-numbered chromosomes. We show by theory and simulation that the effect of assortative mating can be quantified in the presence of population stratification. We applied this approach to 32 complex traits and diseases using single nucleotide polymorphism data from ~400,000 unrelated individuals of European ancestry. We found significant evidence of assortative mating for height (θ = 3.2%) and educational attainment (θ = 2.7%), both of which were consistent with theoretical predictions. Overall, our results imply that assortative mating involves multiple traits and affects the genomic architecture of loci that are associated with these traits, and that the consequence of mate choice can be detected from a random sample of genomes."}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","day":"26","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Yengo","first_name":"Loic","full_name":"Yengo, Loic"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","last_name":"Robinson","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard"},{"full_name":"Keller, Matthew C.","first_name":"Matthew C.","last_name":"Keller"},{"full_name":"Kemper, Kathryn E.","first_name":"Kathryn E.","last_name":"Kemper"},{"last_name":"Yang","first_name":"Yuanhao","full_name":"Yang, Yuanhao"},{"full_name":"Trzaskowski, Maciej","first_name":"Maciej","last_name":"Trzaskowski"},{"full_name":"Gratten, Jacob","first_name":"Jacob","last_name":"Gratten"},{"first_name":"Patrick","full_name":"Turley, Patrick","last_name":"Turley"},{"first_name":"David","full_name":"Cesarini, David","last_name":"Cesarini"},{"last_name":"Benjamin","first_name":"Daniel J.","full_name":"Benjamin, Daniel J."},{"last_name":"Wray","full_name":"Wray, Naomi R.","first_name":"Naomi R."},{"last_name":"Goddard","first_name":"Michael E.","full_name":"Goddard, Michael E."},{"last_name":"Yang","full_name":"Yang, Jian","first_name":"Jian"},{"full_name":"Visscher, Peter M.","first_name":"Peter M.","last_name":"Visscher"}],"status":"public","date_published":"2018-11-26T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","volume":2,"extern":"1","page":"948-954","intvolume":"         2","article_processing_charge":"No","year":"2018","issue":"12","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:03Z","title":"Imprint of assortative mating on the human genome","date_created":"2020-04-30T10:42:12Z","citation":{"apa":"Yengo, L., Robinson, M. R., Keller, M. C., Kemper, K. E., Yang, Y., Trzaskowski, M., … Visscher, P. M. (2018). Imprint of assortative mating on the human genome. <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3</a>","short":"L. Yengo, M.R. Robinson, M.C. Keller, K.E. Kemper, Y. Yang, M. Trzaskowski, J. Gratten, P. Turley, D. Cesarini, D.J. Benjamin, N.R. Wray, M.E. Goddard, J. Yang, P.M. Visscher, Nature Human Behaviour 2 (2018) 948–954.","ieee":"L. Yengo <i>et al.</i>, “Imprint of assortative mating on the human genome,” <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i>, vol. 2, no. 12. Springer Nature, pp. 948–954, 2018.","ama":"Yengo L, Robinson MR, Keller MC, et al. Imprint of assortative mating on the human genome. <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i>. 2018;2(12):948-954. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3\">10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3</a>","ista":"Yengo L, Robinson MR, Keller MC, Kemper KE, Yang Y, Trzaskowski M, Gratten J, Turley P, Cesarini D, Benjamin DJ, Wray NR, Goddard ME, Yang J, Visscher PM. 2018. Imprint of assortative mating on the human genome. Nature Human Behaviour. 2(12), 948–954.","mla":"Yengo, Loic, et al. “Imprint of Assortative Mating on the Human Genome.” <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i>, vol. 2, no. 12, Springer Nature, 2018, pp. 948–54, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3\">10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3</a>.","chicago":"Yengo, Loic, Matthew Richard Robinson, Matthew C. Keller, Kathryn E. Kemper, Yuanhao Yang, Maciej Trzaskowski, Jacob Gratten, et al. “Imprint of Assortative Mating on the Human Genome.” <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3</a>."},"publication":"Nature Human Behaviour","doi":"10.1038/s41562-018-0476-3","_id":"7715","article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"intvolume":"         9","article_number":"989","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:03Z","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","year":"2018","citation":{"apa":"Maier, R. M., Zhu, Z., Lee, S. H., Trzaskowski, M., Ruderfer, D. M., Stahl, E. A., … Robinson, M. R. (2018). Improving genetic prediction by leveraging genetic correlations among human diseases and traits. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6</a>","ama":"Maier RM, Zhu Z, Lee SH, et al. Improving genetic prediction by leveraging genetic correlations among human diseases and traits. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2018;9. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6\">10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6</a>","ieee":"R. M. Maier <i>et al.</i>, “Improving genetic prediction by leveraging genetic correlations among human diseases and traits,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2018.","short":"R.M. Maier, Z. Zhu, S.H. Lee, M. Trzaskowski, D.M. Ruderfer, E.A. Stahl, S. Ripke, N.R. Wray, J. Yang, P.M. Visscher, M.R. Robinson, Nature Communications 9 (2018).","chicago":"Maier, Robert M., Zhihong Zhu, Sang Hong Lee, Maciej Trzaskowski, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Eli A. Stahl, Stephan Ripke, et al. “Improving Genetic Prediction by Leveraging Genetic Correlations among Human Diseases and Traits.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6</a>.","ista":"Maier RM, Zhu Z, Lee SH, Trzaskowski M, Ruderfer DM, Stahl EA, Ripke S, Wray NR, Yang J, Visscher PM, Robinson MR. 2018. Improving genetic prediction by leveraging genetic correlations among human diseases and traits. Nature Communications. 9, 989.","mla":"Maier, Robert M., et al. “Improving Genetic Prediction by Leveraging Genetic Correlations among Human Diseases and Traits.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 9, 989, Springer Nature, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6\">10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6</a>."},"title":"Improving genetic prediction by leveraging genetic correlations among human diseases and traits","date_created":"2020-04-30T10:42:29Z","publication":"Nature Communications","doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6","_id":"7716","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","month":"03","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-1723"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02769-6"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","day":"07","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Genomic prediction has the potential to contribute to precision medicine. However, to date, the utility of such predictors is limited due to low accuracy for most traits. Here theory and simulation study are used to demonstrate that widespread pleiotropy among phenotypes can be utilised to improve genomic risk prediction. We show how a genetic predictor can be created as a weighted index that combines published genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics across many different traits. We apply this framework to predict risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in the Psychiatric Genomics consortium data, finding substantial heterogeneity in prediction accuracy increases across cohorts. For six additional phenotypes in the UK Biobank data, we find increases in prediction accuracy ranging from 0.7% for height to 47% for type 2 diabetes, when using a multi-trait predictor that combines published summary statistics from multiple traits, as compared to a predictor based only on one trait."}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication_status":"published","author":[{"first_name":"Robert M.","full_name":"Maier, Robert M.","last_name":"Maier"},{"last_name":"Zhu","first_name":"Zhihong","full_name":"Zhu, Zhihong"},{"last_name":"Lee","first_name":"Sang Hong","full_name":"Lee, Sang Hong"},{"last_name":"Trzaskowski","first_name":"Maciej","full_name":"Trzaskowski, Maciej"},{"last_name":"Ruderfer","first_name":"Douglas M.","full_name":"Ruderfer, Douglas M."},{"full_name":"Stahl, Eli A.","first_name":"Eli A.","last_name":"Stahl"},{"first_name":"Stephan","full_name":"Ripke, Stephan","last_name":"Ripke"},{"full_name":"Wray, Naomi R.","first_name":"Naomi R.","last_name":"Wray"},{"full_name":"Yang, Jian","first_name":"Jian","last_name":"Yang"},{"last_name":"Visscher","first_name":"Peter M.","full_name":"Visscher, Peter M."},{"full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","last_name":"Robinson"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2018-03-07T00:00:00Z","status":"public","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","volume":9},{"type":"journal_article","status":"public","author":[{"first_name":"Qian","full_name":"Zhang, Qian","last_name":"Zhang"},{"first_name":"Riccardo E","full_name":"Marioni, Riccardo E","last_name":"Marioni"},{"full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","last_name":"Robinson"},{"last_name":"Higham","full_name":"Higham, Jon","first_name":"Jon"},{"full_name":"Sproul, Duncan","first_name":"Duncan","last_name":"Sproul"},{"last_name":"Wray","full_name":"Wray, Naomi R","first_name":"Naomi R"},{"last_name":"Deary","first_name":"Ian J","full_name":"Deary, Ian J"},{"full_name":"McRae, Allan F","first_name":"Allan F","last_name":"McRae"},{"full_name":"Visscher, Peter M","first_name":"Peter M","last_name":"Visscher"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7","open_access":"1"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","day":"22","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","month":"10","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1756-994X"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Genome Medicine","title":"Genotype effects contribute to variation in longitudinal methylome patterns in older people","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:04Z","oa":1,"issue":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":"        10","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","volume":10,"publisher":"Springer Nature","date_published":"2018-10-22T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background: DNA methylation levels change along with age, but few studies have examined the variation in the rate of such changes between individuals.\r\nMethods: We performed a longitudinal analysis to quantify the variation in the rate of change of DNA methylation between individuals using whole blood DNA methylation array profiles collected at 2–4 time points (N = 2894) in 954 individuals (67–90 years).\r\nResults: After stringent quality control, we identified 1507 DNA methylation CpG sites (rsCpGs) with statistically significant variation in the rate of change (random slope) of DNA methylation among individuals in a mixed linear model analysis. Genes in the vicinity of these rsCpGs were found to be enriched in Homeobox transcription factors and the Wnt signalling pathway, both of which are related to ageing processes. Furthermore, we investigated the SNP effect on the random slope. We found that 4 out of 1507 rsCpGs had one significant (P < 5 × 10−8/1507) SNP effect and 343 rsCpGs had at least one SNP effect (436 SNP-probe pairs) reaching genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10−8). Ninety-five percent of the significant (P < 5 × 10−8) SNPs are on different chromosomes from their corresponding probes.\r\nConclusions: We identified CpG sites that have variability in the rate of change of DNA methylation between individuals, and our results suggest a genetic basis of this variation. Genes around these CpG sites have been reported to be involved in the ageing process."}],"article_type":"original","_id":"7717","doi":"10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7","citation":{"chicago":"Zhang, Qian, Riccardo E Marioni, Matthew Richard Robinson, Jon Higham, Duncan Sproul, Naomi R Wray, Ian J Deary, Allan F McRae, and Peter M Visscher. “Genotype Effects Contribute to Variation in Longitudinal Methylome Patterns in Older People.” <i>Genome Medicine</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7\">https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7</a>.","mla":"Zhang, Qian, et al. “Genotype Effects Contribute to Variation in Longitudinal Methylome Patterns in Older People.” <i>Genome Medicine</i>, vol. 10, no. 1, 75, Springer Nature, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7\">10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7</a>.","ista":"Zhang Q, Marioni RE, Robinson MR, Higham J, Sproul D, Wray NR, Deary IJ, McRae AF, Visscher PM. 2018. Genotype effects contribute to variation in longitudinal methylome patterns in older people. Genome Medicine. 10(1), 75.","ieee":"Q. Zhang <i>et al.</i>, “Genotype effects contribute to variation in longitudinal methylome patterns in older people,” <i>Genome Medicine</i>, vol. 10, no. 1. Springer Nature, 2018.","ama":"Zhang Q, Marioni RE, Robinson MR, et al. Genotype effects contribute to variation in longitudinal methylome patterns in older people. <i>Genome Medicine</i>. 2018;10(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7\">10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7</a>","short":"Q. Zhang, R.E. Marioni, M.R. Robinson, J. Higham, D. Sproul, N.R. Wray, I.J. Deary, A.F. McRae, P.M. Visscher, Genome Medicine 10 (2018).","apa":"Zhang, Q., Marioni, R. E., Robinson, M. R., Higham, J., Sproul, D., Wray, N. R., … Visscher, P. M. (2018). Genotype effects contribute to variation in longitudinal methylome patterns in older people. <i>Genome Medicine</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7\">https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-018-0585-7</a>"},"date_created":"2020-04-30T10:42:50Z","year":"2018","article_number":"75"},{"year":"2018","date_created":"2020-04-30T10:43:24Z","citation":{"apa":"Tucci, S., Vohr, S. H., McCoy, R. C., Vernot, B., Robinson, M. R., Barbieri, C., … Green, R. E. (2018). Evolutionary history and adaptation of a human pygmy population of Flores Island, Indonesia. <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8486\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8486</a>","chicago":"Tucci, Serena, Samuel H. Vohr, Rajiv C. McCoy, Benjamin Vernot, Matthew Richard Robinson, Chiara Barbieri, Brad J. Nelson, et al. “Evolutionary History and Adaptation of a Human Pygmy Population of Flores Island, Indonesia.” <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8486\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8486</a>.","ista":"Tucci S, Vohr SH, McCoy RC, Vernot B, Robinson MR, Barbieri C, Nelson BJ, Fu W, Purnomo GA, Sudoyo H, Eichler EE, Barbujani G, Visscher PM, Akey JM, Green RE. 2018. Evolutionary history and adaptation of a human pygmy population of Flores Island, Indonesia. Science. 361(6401), 511–516.","mla":"Tucci, Serena, et al. “Evolutionary History and Adaptation of a Human Pygmy Population of Flores Island, Indonesia.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 361, no. 6401, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2018, pp. 511–16, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8486\">10.1126/science.aar8486</a>.","short":"S. Tucci, S.H. Vohr, R.C. McCoy, B. Vernot, M.R. Robinson, C. Barbieri, B.J. Nelson, W. Fu, G.A. Purnomo, H. Sudoyo, E.E. Eichler, G. Barbujani, P.M. Visscher, J.M. Akey, R.E. Green, Science 361 (2018) 511–516.","ama":"Tucci S, Vohr SH, McCoy RC, et al. Evolutionary history and adaptation of a human pygmy population of Flores Island, Indonesia. <i>Science</i>. 2018;361(6401):511-516. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar8486\">10.1126/science.aar8486</a>","ieee":"S. Tucci <i>et al.</i>, “Evolutionary history and adaptation of a human pygmy population of Flores Island, Indonesia,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 361, no. 6401. American Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 511–516, 2018."},"doi":"10.1126/science.aar8486","_id":"7718","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"Flores Island, Indonesia, was inhabited by the small-bodied hominin species Homo floresiensis, which has an unknown evolutionary relationship to modern humans. This island is also home to an extant human pygmy population. Here we describe genome-scale single-nucleotide polymorphism data and whole-genome sequences from a contemporary human pygmy population living on Flores near the cave where H. floresiensis was found. The genomes of Flores pygmies reveal a complex history of admixture with Denisovans and Neanderthals but no evidence for gene flow with other archaic hominins. Modern individuals bear the signatures of recent positive selection encompassing the FADS (fatty acid desaturase) gene cluster, likely related to diet, and polygenic selection acting on standing variation that contributed to their short-stature phenotype. Thus, multiple independent instances of hominin insular dwarfism occurred on Flores.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["30072539"]},"publication_status":"published","date_published":"2018-08-03T00:00:00Z","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","volume":361,"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","page":"511-516","intvolume":"       361","article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"6401","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:04Z","title":"Evolutionary history and adaptation of a human pygmy population of Flores Island, Indonesia","publication":"Science","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0036-8075","1095-9203"]},"month":"08","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","day":"03","oa_version":"None","author":[{"last_name":"Tucci","first_name":"Serena","full_name":"Tucci, Serena"},{"last_name":"Vohr","full_name":"Vohr, Samuel H.","first_name":"Samuel H."},{"full_name":"McCoy, Rajiv C.","first_name":"Rajiv C.","last_name":"McCoy"},{"last_name":"Vernot","first_name":"Benjamin","full_name":"Vernot, Benjamin"},{"id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","last_name":"Robinson","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","first_name":"Matthew Richard","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard"},{"full_name":"Barbieri, Chiara","first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Barbieri"},{"last_name":"Nelson","full_name":"Nelson, Brad J.","first_name":"Brad J."},{"last_name":"Fu","first_name":"Wenqing","full_name":"Fu, Wenqing"},{"last_name":"Purnomo","first_name":"Gludhug A.","full_name":"Purnomo, Gludhug A."},{"full_name":"Sudoyo, Herawati","first_name":"Herawati","last_name":"Sudoyo"},{"full_name":"Eichler, Evan E.","first_name":"Evan E.","last_name":"Eichler"},{"last_name":"Barbujani","first_name":"Guido","full_name":"Barbujani, Guido"},{"last_name":"Visscher","full_name":"Visscher, Peter M.","first_name":"Peter M."},{"first_name":"Joshua M.","full_name":"Akey, Joshua M.","last_name":"Akey"},{"full_name":"Green, Richard E.","first_name":"Richard E.","last_name":"Green"}],"type":"journal_article","status":"public","pmid":1},{"year":"2018","citation":{"short":"R.M. Maier, P.M. Visscher, M.R. Robinson, N.R. Wray, Psychological Medicine 48 (2018) 1055–1067.","ama":"Maier RM, Visscher PM, Robinson MR, Wray NR. Embracing polygenicity: A review of methods and tools for psychiatric genetics research. <i>Psychological Medicine</i>. 2018;48(7):1055-1067. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318\">10.1017/s0033291717002318</a>","ieee":"R. M. Maier, P. M. Visscher, M. R. Robinson, and N. R. Wray, “Embracing polygenicity: A review of methods and tools for psychiatric genetics research,” <i>Psychological Medicine</i>, vol. 48, no. 7. Cambridge University Press, pp. 1055–1067, 2018.","mla":"Maier, R. M., et al. “Embracing Polygenicity: A Review of Methods and Tools for Psychiatric Genetics Research.” <i>Psychological Medicine</i>, vol. 48, no. 7, Cambridge University Press, 2018, pp. 1055–67, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318\">10.1017/s0033291717002318</a>.","ista":"Maier RM, Visscher PM, Robinson MR, Wray NR. 2018. Embracing polygenicity: A review of methods and tools for psychiatric genetics research. Psychological Medicine. 48(7), 1055–1067.","chicago":"Maier, R. M., P. M. Visscher, Matthew Richard Robinson, and N. R. Wray. “Embracing Polygenicity: A Review of Methods and Tools for Psychiatric Genetics Research.” <i>Psychological Medicine</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318\">https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318</a>.","apa":"Maier, R. M., Visscher, P. M., Robinson, M. R., &#38; Wray, N. R. (2018). Embracing polygenicity: A review of methods and tools for psychiatric genetics research. <i>Psychological Medicine</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318\">https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318</a>"},"date_created":"2020-04-30T10:44:35Z","_id":"7721","article_type":"original","doi":"10.1017/s0033291717002318","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The availability of genome-wide genetic data on hundreds of thousands of people has led to an equally rapid growth in methodologies available to analyse these data. While the motivation for undertaking genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is identification of genetic markers associated with complex traits, once generated these data can be used for many other analyses. GWAS have demonstrated that complex traits exhibit a highly polygenic genetic architecture, often with shared genetic risk factors across traits. New methods to analyse data from GWAS are increasingly being used to address a diverse set of questions about the aetiology of complex traits and diseases, including psychiatric disorders. Here, we give an overview of some of these methods and present examples of how they have contributed to our understanding of psychiatric disorders. We consider: (i) estimation of the extent of genetic influence on traits, (ii) uncovering of shared genetic control between traits, (iii) predictions of genetic risk for individuals, (iv) uncovering of causal relationships between traits, (v) identifying causal single-nucleotide polymorphisms and genes or (vi) the detection of genetic heterogeneity. This classification helps organise the large number of recently developed methods, although some could be placed in more than one category. While some methods require GWAS data on individual people, others simply use GWAS summary statistics data, allowing novel well-powered analyses to be conducted at a low computational burden."}],"date_published":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","quality_controlled":"1","volume":48,"extern":"1","page":"1055-1067","issue":"7","article_processing_charge":"No","oa":1,"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:05Z","title":"Embracing polygenicity: A review of methods and tools for psychiatric genetics research","intvolume":"        48","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Psychological Medicine","author":[{"first_name":"R. M.","full_name":"Maier, R. M.","last_name":"Maier"},{"first_name":"P. M.","full_name":"Visscher, P. M.","last_name":"Visscher"},{"last_name":"Robinson","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard"},{"first_name":"N. R.","full_name":"Wray, N. R.","last_name":"Wray"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0033-2917","1469-8978"]},"month":"05","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","day":"01","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717002318"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","status":"public"},{"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We develop a Bayesian mixed linear model that simultaneously estimates single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability, polygenicity (proportion of SNPs with nonzero effects), and the relationship between SNP effect size and minor allele frequency for complex traits in conventionally unrelated individuals using genome-wide SNP data. We apply the method to 28 complex traits in the UK Biobank data (N = 126,752) and show that on average, 6% of SNPs have nonzero effects, which in total explain 22% of phenotypic variance. We detect significant (P < 0.05/28) signatures of natural selection in the genetic architecture of 23 traits, including reproductive, cardiovascular, and anthropometric traits, as well as educational attainment. The significant estimates of the relationship between effect size and minor allele frequency in complex traits are consistent with a model of negative (or purifying) selection, as confirmed by forward simulation. We conclude that negative selection acts pervasively on the genetic variants associated with human complex traits."}],"day":"16","oa_version":"None","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1061-4036","1546-1718"]},"month":"04","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Zeng","first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Zeng, Jian"},{"first_name":"Ronald","full_name":"de Vlaming, Ronald","last_name":"de Vlaming"},{"last_name":"Wu","first_name":"Yang","full_name":"Wu, Yang"},{"full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","last_name":"Robinson"},{"first_name":"Luke R.","full_name":"Lloyd-Jones, Luke R.","last_name":"Lloyd-Jones"},{"full_name":"Yengo, Loic","first_name":"Loic","last_name":"Yengo"},{"first_name":"Chloe X.","full_name":"Yap, Chloe X.","last_name":"Yap"},{"first_name":"Angli","full_name":"Xue, Angli","last_name":"Xue"},{"last_name":"Sidorenko","first_name":"Julia","full_name":"Sidorenko, Julia"},{"full_name":"McRae, Allan F.","first_name":"Allan F.","last_name":"McRae"},{"full_name":"Powell, Joseph E.","first_name":"Joseph E.","last_name":"Powell"},{"full_name":"Montgomery, Grant W.","first_name":"Grant W.","last_name":"Montgomery"},{"full_name":"Metspalu, Andres","first_name":"Andres","last_name":"Metspalu"},{"full_name":"Esko, Tonu","first_name":"Tonu","last_name":"Esko"},{"first_name":"Greg","full_name":"Gibson, Greg","last_name":"Gibson"},{"last_name":"Wray","first_name":"Naomi R.","full_name":"Wray, Naomi R."},{"full_name":"Visscher, Peter M.","first_name":"Peter M.","last_name":"Visscher"},{"full_name":"Yang, Jian","first_name":"Jian","last_name":"Yang"}],"volume":50,"quality_controlled":"1","page":"746-753","extern":"1","status":"public","date_published":"2018-04-16T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","publisher":"Springer Nature","intvolume":"        50","date_created":"2020-04-30T10:44:57Z","title":"Signatures of negative selection in the genetic architecture of human complex traits","citation":{"apa":"Zeng, J., de Vlaming, R., Wu, Y., Robinson, M. R., Lloyd-Jones, L. R., Yengo, L., … Yang, J. (2018). Signatures of negative selection in the genetic architecture of human complex traits. <i>Nature Genetics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4</a>","ista":"Zeng J, de Vlaming R, Wu Y, Robinson MR, Lloyd-Jones LR, Yengo L, Yap CX, Xue A, Sidorenko J, McRae AF, Powell JE, Montgomery GW, Metspalu A, Esko T, Gibson G, Wray NR, Visscher PM, Yang J. 2018. Signatures of negative selection in the genetic architecture of human complex traits. Nature Genetics. 50(5), 746–753.","chicago":"Zeng, Jian, Ronald de Vlaming, Yang Wu, Matthew Richard Robinson, Luke R. Lloyd-Jones, Loic Yengo, Chloe X. Yap, et al. “Signatures of Negative Selection in the Genetic Architecture of Human Complex Traits.” <i>Nature Genetics</i>. Springer Nature, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4</a>.","mla":"Zeng, Jian, et al. “Signatures of Negative Selection in the Genetic Architecture of Human Complex Traits.” <i>Nature Genetics</i>, vol. 50, no. 5, Springer Nature, 2018, pp. 746–53, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4\">10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4</a>.","short":"J. Zeng, R. de Vlaming, Y. Wu, M.R. Robinson, L.R. Lloyd-Jones, L. Yengo, C.X. Yap, A. Xue, J. Sidorenko, A.F. McRae, J.E. Powell, G.W. Montgomery, A. Metspalu, T. Esko, G. Gibson, N.R. Wray, P.M. Visscher, J. Yang, Nature Genetics 50 (2018) 746–753.","ama":"Zeng J, de Vlaming R, Wu Y, et al. Signatures of negative selection in the genetic architecture of human complex traits. <i>Nature Genetics</i>. 2018;50(5):746-753. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4\">10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4</a>","ieee":"J. Zeng <i>et al.</i>, “Signatures of negative selection in the genetic architecture of human complex traits,” <i>Nature Genetics</i>, vol. 50, no. 5. Springer Nature, pp. 746–753, 2018."},"year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"5","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:06Z","doi":"10.1038/s41588-018-0101-4","publication":"Nature Genetics","article_type":"original","_id":"7722","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"date_published":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public","publisher":"Genetics Society of America","volume":208,"quality_controlled":"1","page":"1397-1408","extern":"1","month":"04","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6731","1943-2631"]},"abstract":[{"text":"Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of loci that are robustly associated with complex diseases. The use of linear mixed model (LMM) methodology for GWAS is becoming more prevalent due to its ability to control for population structure and cryptic relatedness and to increase power. The odds ratio (OR) is a common measure of the association of a disease with an exposure (e.g., a genetic variant) and is readably available from logistic regression. However, when the LMM is applied to all-or-none traits it provides estimates of genetic effects on the observed 0–1 scale, a different scale to that in logistic regression. This limits the comparability of results across studies, for example in a meta-analysis, and makes the interpretation of the magnitude of an effect from an LMM GWAS difficult. In this study, we derived transformations from the genetic effects estimated under the LMM to the OR that only rely on summary statistics. To test the proposed transformations, we used real genotypes from two large, publicly available data sets to simulate all-or-none phenotypes for a set of scenarios that differ in underlying model, disease prevalence, and heritability. Furthermore, we applied these transformations to GWAS summary statistics for type 2 diabetes generated from 108,042 individuals in the UK Biobank. In both simulation and real-data application, we observed very high concordance between the transformed OR from the LMM and either the simulated truth or estimates from logistic regression. The transformations derived and validated in this study improve the comparability of results from prospective and already performed LMM GWAS on complex diseases by providing a reliable transformation to a common comparative scale for the genetic effects.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","day":"01","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Lloyd-Jones","first_name":"Luke R.","full_name":"Lloyd-Jones, Luke R."},{"last_name":"Robinson","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard"},{"last_name":"Yang","first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Yang, Jian"},{"last_name":"Visscher","full_name":"Visscher, Peter M.","first_name":"Peter M."}],"publication":"Genetics","doi":"10.1534/genetics.117.300360","_id":"7723","article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":"       208","year":"2018","article_processing_charge":"No","issue":"4","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:06Z","title":"Transformation of summary statistics from linear mixed model association on all-or-none traits to odds ratio","citation":{"apa":"Lloyd-Jones, L. R., Robinson, M. R., Yang, J., &#38; Visscher, P. M. (2018). Transformation of summary statistics from linear mixed model association on all-or-none traits to odds ratio. <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300360\">https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300360</a>","ama":"Lloyd-Jones LR, Robinson MR, Yang J, Visscher PM. Transformation of summary statistics from linear mixed model association on all-or-none traits to odds ratio. <i>Genetics</i>. 2018;208(4):1397-1408. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300360\">10.1534/genetics.117.300360</a>","ieee":"L. R. Lloyd-Jones, M. R. Robinson, J. Yang, and P. M. Visscher, “Transformation of summary statistics from linear mixed model association on all-or-none traits to odds ratio,” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 208, no. 4. Genetics Society of America, pp. 1397–1408, 2018.","short":"L.R. Lloyd-Jones, M.R. Robinson, J. Yang, P.M. Visscher, Genetics 208 (2018) 1397–1408.","chicago":"Lloyd-Jones, Luke R., Matthew Richard Robinson, Jian Yang, and Peter M. Visscher. “Transformation of Summary Statistics from Linear Mixed Model Association on All-or-None Traits to Odds Ratio.” <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300360\">https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300360</a>.","mla":"Lloyd-Jones, Luke R., et al. “Transformation of Summary Statistics from Linear Mixed Model Association on All-or-None Traits to Odds Ratio.” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 208, no. 4, Genetics Society of America, 2018, pp. 1397–408, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.300360\">10.1534/genetics.117.300360</a>.","ista":"Lloyd-Jones LR, Robinson MR, Yang J, Visscher PM. 2018. Transformation of summary statistics from linear mixed model association on all-or-none traits to odds ratio. Genetics. 208(4), 1397–1408."},"date_created":"2020-04-30T10:45:19Z"}]
