[{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Attosecond chronoscopy has revealed small but measurable delays in photoionization, characterized by the ejection of an electron on absorption of a single photon. Ionization-delay measurements in atomic targets provide a wealth of information about the timing of the photoelectric effect, resonances, electron correlations and transport. However, extending this approach to molecules presents challenges, such as identifying the correct ionization channels and the effect of the anisotropic molecular landscape on the measured delays. Here, we measure ionization delays from ethyl iodide around a giant dipole resonance. By using the theoretical value for the iodine atom as a reference, we disentangle the contribution from the functional ethyl group, which is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactivity of a molecule. We find a substantial additional delay caused by the presence of a functional group, which encodes the effect of the molecular potential on the departing electron. Such information is inaccessible to the conventional approach of measuring photoionization cross-sections. The results establish ionization-delay measurements as a valuable tool in investigating the electronic properties of molecules."}],"publication_status":"published","date_created":"2023-08-09T13:10:07Z","volume":16,"intvolume":"        16","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","keyword":["General Physics and Astronomy"],"citation":{"short":"S. Biswas, B. Förg, L. Ortmann, J. Schötz, W. Schweinberger, T. Zimmermann, L. Pi, D.R. Baykusheva, H.A. Masood, I. Liontos, A.M. Kamal, N.G. Kling, A.F. Alharbi, M. Alharbi, A.M. Azzeer, G. Hartmann, H.J. Wörner, A.S. Landsman, M.F. Kling, Nature Physics 16 (2020) 778–783.","ista":"Biswas S, Förg B, Ortmann L, Schötz J, Schweinberger W, Zimmermann T, Pi L, Baykusheva DR, Masood HA, Liontos I, Kamal AM, Kling NG, Alharbi AF, Alharbi M, Azzeer AM, Hartmann G, Wörner HJ, Landsman AS, Kling MF. 2020. Probing molecular environment through photoemission delays. Nature Physics. 16(7), 778–783.","ama":"Biswas S, Förg B, Ortmann L, et al. Probing molecular environment through photoemission delays. <i>Nature Physics</i>. 2020;16(7):778-783. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8\">10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8</a>","apa":"Biswas, S., Förg, B., Ortmann, L., Schötz, J., Schweinberger, W., Zimmermann, T., … Kling, M. F. (2020). Probing molecular environment through photoemission delays. <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8</a>","ieee":"S. Biswas <i>et al.</i>, “Probing molecular environment through photoemission delays,” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 16, no. 7. Springer Nature, pp. 778–783, 2020.","mla":"Biswas, Shubhadeep, et al. “Probing Molecular Environment through Photoemission Delays.” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 16, no. 7, Springer Nature, 2020, pp. 778–83, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8\">10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8</a>.","chicago":"Biswas, Shubhadeep, Benjamin Förg, Lisa Ortmann, Johannes Schötz, Wolfgang Schweinberger, Tomáš Zimmermann, Liangwen Pi, et al. “Probing Molecular Environment through Photoemission Delays.” <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8</a>."},"publication":"Nature Physics","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1745-2481"],"issn":["1745-2473"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"07","_id":"13999","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"7","page":"778-783","date_updated":"2023-08-22T07:38:04Z","article_type":"original","author":[{"full_name":"Biswas, Shubhadeep","first_name":"Shubhadeep","last_name":"Biswas"},{"last_name":"Förg","first_name":"Benjamin","full_name":"Förg, Benjamin"},{"first_name":"Lisa","last_name":"Ortmann","full_name":"Ortmann, Lisa"},{"last_name":"Schötz","first_name":"Johannes","full_name":"Schötz, Johannes"},{"full_name":"Schweinberger, Wolfgang","last_name":"Schweinberger","first_name":"Wolfgang"},{"full_name":"Zimmermann, Tomáš","first_name":"Tomáš","last_name":"Zimmermann"},{"first_name":"Liangwen","last_name":"Pi","full_name":"Pi, Liangwen"},{"first_name":"Denitsa Rangelova","last_name":"Baykusheva","full_name":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova","id":"71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530"},{"full_name":"Masood, Hafiz A.","last_name":"Masood","first_name":"Hafiz A."},{"full_name":"Liontos, Ioannis","first_name":"Ioannis","last_name":"Liontos"},{"last_name":"Kamal","first_name":"Amgad M.","full_name":"Kamal, Amgad M."},{"last_name":"Kling","first_name":"Nora G.","full_name":"Kling, Nora G."},{"full_name":"Alharbi, Abdullah F.","first_name":"Abdullah F.","last_name":"Alharbi"},{"full_name":"Alharbi, Meshaal","last_name":"Alharbi","first_name":"Meshaal"},{"last_name":"Azzeer","first_name":"Abdallah M.","full_name":"Azzeer, Abdallah M."},{"full_name":"Hartmann, Gregor","first_name":"Gregor","last_name":"Hartmann"},{"last_name":"Wörner","first_name":"Hans J.","full_name":"Wörner, Hans J."},{"full_name":"Landsman, Alexandra S.","first_name":"Alexandra S.","last_name":"Landsman"},{"last_name":"Kling","first_name":"Matthias F.","full_name":"Kling, Matthias F."}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41567-020-0887-8","title":"Probing molecular environment through photoemission delays","status":"public","year":"2020"},{"edition":"1","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9780128172353"],"eisbn":["0128172355"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","editor":[{"full_name":"Marquardt, Roberto","last_name":"Marquardt","first_name":"Roberto"},{"full_name":"Quack, Martin","first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Quack"}],"month":"09","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"This chapter presents an overview of the state of the art in attosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. The theoretical foundations of strong-field light–matter interaction and attosecond pulse generation are described. The enabling laser technologies are reviewed from chirped-pulse amplification and carrier-envelope-phase stabilization to the generation and characterization of attosecond pulses. The applications of attosecond pulses and pulse trains in electron- or ion-imaging experiments are presented, followed by attosecond electron spectroscopy in larger molecules. After this, high-harmonic spectroscopy and its applications to probing charge migration on attosecond time scales is reviewed. The rapidly evolving field of molecular photoionization delays is discussed. Finally, the applications of attosecond transient absorption to probing molecular dynamics are presented.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"14000","date_created":"2023-08-09T13:10:23Z","date_published":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","page":"113-161","date_updated":"2023-08-22T09:25:07Z","author":[{"id":"71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530","first_name":"Denitsa Rangelova","last_name":"Baykusheva","full_name":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova"},{"first_name":"Hans Jakob","last_name":"Wörner","full_name":"Wörner, Hans Jakob"}],"type":"book_chapter","day":"25","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"None","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x","citation":{"mla":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy.” <i>Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics</i>, edited by Roberto Marquardt and Martin Quack, 1st ed., Elsevier, 2020, pp. 113–61, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x\">10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x</a>.","chicago":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy.” In <i>Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics</i>, edited by Roberto Marquardt and Martin Quack, 1st ed., 113–61. Elsevier, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x\">https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x</a>.","apa":"Baykusheva, D. R., &#38; Wörner, H. J. (2020). Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy. In R. Marquardt &#38; M. Quack (Eds.), <i>Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics</i> (1st ed., pp. 113–161). Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x\">https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x</a>","ieee":"D. R. Baykusheva and H. J. Wörner, “Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy,” in <i>Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics</i>, 1st ed., R. Marquardt and M. Quack, Eds. Elsevier, 2020, pp. 113–161.","short":"D.R. Baykusheva, H.J. Wörner, in:, R. Marquardt, M. Quack (Eds.), Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics, 1st ed., Elsevier, 2020, pp. 113–161.","ama":"Baykusheva DR, Wörner HJ. Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy. In: Marquardt R, Quack M, eds. <i>Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics</i>. 1st ed. Elsevier; 2020:113-161. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x\">10.1016/b978-0-12-817234-6.00009-x</a>","ista":"Baykusheva DR, Wörner HJ. 2020.Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy. In: Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics. , 113–161."},"title":"Attosecond Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy","publication":"Molecular Spectroscopy and Quantum Dynamics","status":"public","year":"2020"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_published":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2023-08-10T06:47:45Z","date_updated":"2023-08-22T09:17:34Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["2002.02111"]},"page":"2002.02111","extern":"1","arxiv":1,"_id":"14028","article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The present review addresses the technical advances and the theoretical developments to realize and rationalize attosecond-science experiments that reveal a new dynamical time scale (10−15-10−18 s), with a particular emphasis on molecular systems and the implications of attosecond processes for chemical dynamics. After a brief outline of the theoretical framework for treating non-perturbative phenomena in Section 2, we introduce the physical mechanisms underlying high-harmonic generation and attosecond technology. The relevant technological developments and experimental schemes are covered in Section 3. Throughout the remainder of the chapter, we report on selected applications in molecular attosecond physics, thereby addressing specific phenomena mediated by purely electronic dynamics: charge localization in molecular hydrogen, charge migration in biorelevant molecules, high-harmonic spectroscopy, and delays in molecular photoionization."}],"month":"02","publication_status":"submitted","oa_version":"Preprint","oa":1,"title":"Attosecond molecular spectroscopy and dynamics","status":"public","year":"2020","citation":{"ieee":"D. R. Baykusheva and H. J. Wörner, “Attosecond molecular spectroscopy and dynamics.” .","apa":"Baykusheva, D. R., &#38; Wörner, H. J. (n.d.). Attosecond molecular spectroscopy and dynamics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111</a>","mla":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova, and Hans Jakob Wörner. <i>Attosecond Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111\">10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111</a>.","chicago":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Attosecond Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics,” n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111</a>.","short":"D.R. Baykusheva, H.J. Wörner, (n.d.).","ista":"Baykusheva DR, Wörner HJ. Attosecond molecular spectroscopy and dynamics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111\">10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111</a>.","ama":"Baykusheva DR, Wörner HJ. Attosecond molecular spectroscopy and dynamics. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111\">10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111</a>"},"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2002.02111"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova","first_name":"Denitsa Rangelova","last_name":"Baykusheva","id":"71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530"},{"first_name":"Hans Jakob","last_name":"Wörner","full_name":"Wörner, Hans Jakob"}],"day":"01","type":"preprint"},{"oa_version":"Preprint","oa":1,"publication":"arXiv","year":"2020","status":"public","title":"The habitable exoplanet observatory (HabEx) mission concept study final report","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683","citation":{"ama":"Gaudi BS, Seager S, Mennesson B, et al. The habitable exoplanet observatory (HabEx) mission concept study final report. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683\">10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683</a>","ista":"Gaudi BS et al. The habitable exoplanet observatory (HabEx) mission concept study final report. arXiv, 2001.06683.","short":"B.S. Gaudi, S. Seager, B. Mennesson, A. Kiessling, K. Warfield, K. Cahoy, J.T. Clarke, S.D.-G. Shawn Domagal-Goldman, L. Feinberg, O. Guyon, J. Kasdin, D. Mawet, P. Plavchan, T. Robinson, L. Rogers, P. Scowen, R. Somerville, K. Stapelfeldt, C. Stark, D. Stern, M. Turnbull, R. Amini, G. Kuan, S. Martin, R. Morgan, D. Redding, H.P. Stahl, R. Webb, O.A.-S. Oscar Alvarez-Salazar, W.L. Arnold, M. Arya, B. Balasubramanian, M. Baysinger, R. Bell, C. Below, J. Benson, L. Blais, J. Booth, R. Bourgeois, C. Bradford, A. Brewer, T. Brooks, E. Cady, M. Caldwell, R. Calvet, S. Carr, D. Chan, V. Cormarkovic, K. Coste, C. Cox, R. Danner, J. Davis, L. Dewell, L. Dorsett, D. Dunn, M. East, M. Effinger, R. Eng, G. Freebury, J. Garcia, J. Gaskin, S. Greene, J. Hennessy, E. Hilgemann, B. Hood, W. Holota, S. Howe, P. Huang, T. Hull, R. Hunt, K. Hurd, S. Johnson, A. Kissil, B. Knight, D. Kolenz, O. Kraus, J. Krist, M. Li, D. Lisman, M. Mandic, J. Mann, L. Marchen, C.M.-R. Colleen Marrese-Reading, J. McCready, J. McGown, J. Missun, A. Miyaguchi, B. Moore, B. Nemati, S. Nikzad, J. Nissen, M. Novicki, T. Perrine, C. Pineda, O. Polanco, D. Putnam, A. Qureshi, M. Richards, A.J.E. Riggs, M. Rodgers, M. Rud, N. Saini, D. Scalisi, D. Scharf, K. Schulz, G. Serabyn, N. Sigrist, G. Sikkia, A. Singleton, S. Shaklan, S. Smith, B. Southerd, M. Stahl, J. Steeves, B. Sturges, C. Sullivan, H. Tang, N. Taras, J. Tesch, M. Therrell, H. Tseng, M. Valente, D.V. Buren, J. Villalvazo, S. Warwick, D. Webb, T. Westerhoff, R. Wofford, G. Wu, J. Woo, M. Wood, J. Ziemer, G. Arney, J. Anderson, J.M.-A. Jesús Maíz-Apellániz, J. Bartlett, R. Belikov, E. Bendek, B. Cenko, E. Douglas, S. Dulz, C. Evans, V. Faramaz, Y.K. Feng, H. Ferguson, K. Follette, S. Ford, M. García, M. Geha, D. Gelino, Y.L.L. Götberg, S. Hildebrandt, R. Hu, K. Jahnke, G. Kennedy, L. Kreidberg, A. Isella, E. Lopez, F. Marchis, L. Macri, M. Marley, W. Matzko, J. Mazoyer, S. McCandliss, T. Meshkat, C. Mordasini, P. Morris, E. Nielsen, P. Newman, E. Petigura, M. Postman, A. Reines, A. Roberge, I. Roederer, G. Ruane, E. Schwieterman, D. Sirbu, C. Spalding, H. Teplitz, J. Tumlinson, N. Turner, J. Werk, A. Wofford, M. Wyatt, A. Young, R. Zellem, ArXiv (n.d.).","ieee":"B. S. Gaudi <i>et al.</i>, “The habitable exoplanet observatory (HabEx) mission concept study final report,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","apa":"Gaudi, B. S., Seager, S., Mennesson, B., Kiessling, A., Warfield, K., Cahoy, K., … Zellem, R. (n.d.). The habitable exoplanet observatory (HabEx) mission concept study final report. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683</a>","chicago":"Gaudi, B. Scott, Sara Seager, Bertrand Mennesson, Alina Kiessling, Keith Warfield, Kerri Cahoy, John T. Clarke, et al. “The Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) Mission Concept Study Final Report.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683</a>.","mla":"Gaudi, B. Scott, et al. “The Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) Mission Concept Study Final Report.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2001.06683, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683\">10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683</a>."},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":" https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06683"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Gaudi","first_name":"B. Scott","full_name":"Gaudi, B. Scott"},{"last_name":"Seager","first_name":"Sara","full_name":"Seager, Sara"},{"first_name":"Bertrand","last_name":"Mennesson","full_name":"Mennesson, Bertrand"},{"full_name":"Kiessling, Alina","first_name":"Alina","last_name":"Kiessling"},{"last_name":"Warfield","first_name":"Keith","full_name":"Warfield, Keith"},{"full_name":"Cahoy, Kerri","first_name":"Kerri","last_name":"Cahoy"},{"full_name":"Clarke, John T.","last_name":"Clarke","first_name":"John T."},{"full_name":"Shawn Domagal-Goldman, Shawn Domagal-Goldman","first_name":"Shawn Domagal-Goldman","last_name":"Shawn Domagal-Goldman"},{"first_name":"Lee","last_name":"Feinberg","full_name":"Feinberg, Lee"},{"full_name":"Guyon, Olivier","last_name":"Guyon","first_name":"Olivier"},{"full_name":"Kasdin, Jeremy","first_name":"Jeremy","last_name":"Kasdin"},{"last_name":"Mawet","first_name":"Dimitri","full_name":"Mawet, Dimitri"},{"full_name":"Plavchan, Peter","last_name":"Plavchan","first_name":"Peter"},{"full_name":"Robinson, Tyler","last_name":"Robinson","first_name":"Tyler"},{"full_name":"Rogers, Leslie","first_name":"Leslie","last_name":"Rogers"},{"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Scowen","full_name":"Scowen, Paul"},{"full_name":"Somerville, Rachel","first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Somerville"},{"first_name":"Karl","last_name":"Stapelfeldt","full_name":"Stapelfeldt, Karl"},{"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Stark","full_name":"Stark, Christopher"},{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Stern","full_name":"Stern, Daniel"},{"last_name":"Turnbull","first_name":"Margaret","full_name":"Turnbull, Margaret"},{"full_name":"Amini, Rashied","last_name":"Amini","first_name":"Rashied"},{"last_name":"Kuan","first_name":"Gary","full_name":"Kuan, Gary"},{"last_name":"Martin","first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Martin, Stefan"},{"full_name":"Morgan, Rhonda","first_name":"Rhonda","last_name":"Morgan"},{"full_name":"Redding, David","first_name":"David","last_name":"Redding"},{"full_name":"Stahl, H. Philip","first_name":"H. Philip","last_name":"Stahl"},{"last_name":"Webb","first_name":"Ryan","full_name":"Webb, Ryan"},{"full_name":"Oscar Alvarez-Salazar, Oscar Alvarez-Salazar","first_name":"Oscar Alvarez-Salazar","last_name":"Oscar Alvarez-Salazar"},{"first_name":"William L.","last_name":"Arnold","full_name":"Arnold, William L."},{"full_name":"Arya, Manan","last_name":"Arya","first_name":"Manan"},{"first_name":"Bala","last_name":"Balasubramanian","full_name":"Balasubramanian, Bala"},{"last_name":"Baysinger","first_name":"Mike","full_name":"Baysinger, Mike"},{"first_name":"Ray","last_name":"Bell","full_name":"Bell, Ray"},{"last_name":"Below","first_name":"Chris","full_name":"Below, Chris"},{"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Benson","full_name":"Benson, Jonathan"},{"last_name":"Blais","first_name":"Lindsey","full_name":"Blais, Lindsey"},{"full_name":"Booth, Jeff","last_name":"Booth","first_name":"Jeff"},{"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Bourgeois","full_name":"Bourgeois, Robert"},{"full_name":"Bradford, Case","first_name":"Case","last_name":"Bradford"},{"full_name":"Brewer, Alden","first_name":"Alden","last_name":"Brewer"},{"full_name":"Brooks, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Brooks"},{"full_name":"Cady, Eric","last_name":"Cady","first_name":"Eric"},{"first_name":"Mary","last_name":"Caldwell","full_name":"Caldwell, Mary"},{"full_name":"Calvet, Rob","first_name":"Rob","last_name":"Calvet"},{"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Carr","full_name":"Carr, Steven"},{"full_name":"Chan, Derek","first_name":"Derek","last_name":"Chan"},{"last_name":"Cormarkovic","first_name":"Velibor","full_name":"Cormarkovic, Velibor"},{"full_name":"Coste, Keith","last_name":"Coste","first_name":"Keith"},{"full_name":"Cox, Charlie","last_name":"Cox","first_name":"Charlie"},{"full_name":"Danner, Rolf","first_name":"Rolf","last_name":"Danner"},{"full_name":"Davis, Jacqueline","first_name":"Jacqueline","last_name":"Davis"},{"first_name":"Larry","last_name":"Dewell","full_name":"Dewell, Larry"},{"full_name":"Dorsett, Lisa","last_name":"Dorsett","first_name":"Lisa"},{"full_name":"Dunn, Daniel","last_name":"Dunn","first_name":"Daniel"},{"first_name":"Matthew","last_name":"East","full_name":"East, Matthew"},{"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Effinger","full_name":"Effinger, Michael"},{"last_name":"Eng","first_name":"Ron","full_name":"Eng, Ron"},{"full_name":"Freebury, Greg","first_name":"Greg","last_name":"Freebury"},{"first_name":"Jay","last_name":"Garcia","full_name":"Garcia, Jay"},{"full_name":"Gaskin, Jonathan","last_name":"Gaskin","first_name":"Jonathan"},{"full_name":"Greene, Suzan","last_name":"Greene","first_name":"Suzan"},{"full_name":"Hennessy, John","last_name":"Hennessy","first_name":"John"},{"full_name":"Hilgemann, Evan","last_name":"Hilgemann","first_name":"Evan"},{"last_name":"Hood","first_name":"Brad","full_name":"Hood, Brad"},{"first_name":"Wolfgang","last_name":"Holota","full_name":"Holota, Wolfgang"},{"full_name":"Howe, Scott","last_name":"Howe","first_name":"Scott"},{"last_name":"Huang","first_name":"Pei","full_name":"Huang, Pei"},{"first_name":"Tony","last_name":"Hull","full_name":"Hull, Tony"},{"full_name":"Hunt, Ron","last_name":"Hunt","first_name":"Ron"},{"full_name":"Hurd, Kevin","first_name":"Kevin","last_name":"Hurd"},{"last_name":"Johnson","first_name":"Sandra","full_name":"Johnson, Sandra"},{"full_name":"Kissil, Andrew","last_name":"Kissil","first_name":"Andrew"},{"full_name":"Knight, Brent","first_name":"Brent","last_name":"Knight"},{"last_name":"Kolenz","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Kolenz, Daniel"},{"full_name":"Kraus, Oliver","first_name":"Oliver","last_name":"Kraus"},{"first_name":"John","last_name":"Krist","full_name":"Krist, John"},{"last_name":"Li","first_name":"Mary","full_name":"Li, Mary"},{"full_name":"Lisman, Doug","last_name":"Lisman","first_name":"Doug"},{"full_name":"Mandic, Milan","last_name":"Mandic","first_name":"Milan"},{"first_name":"John","last_name":"Mann","full_name":"Mann, John"},{"full_name":"Marchen, Luis","first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Marchen"},{"first_name":"Colleen Marrese-Reading","last_name":"Colleen Marrese-Reading","full_name":"Colleen Marrese-Reading, Colleen Marrese-Reading"},{"full_name":"McCready, Jonathan","first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"McCready"},{"last_name":"McGown","first_name":"Jim","full_name":"McGown, Jim"},{"full_name":"Missun, Jessica","last_name":"Missun","first_name":"Jessica"},{"last_name":"Miyaguchi","first_name":"Andrew","full_name":"Miyaguchi, Andrew"},{"full_name":"Moore, Bradley","first_name":"Bradley","last_name":"Moore"},{"last_name":"Nemati","first_name":"Bijan","full_name":"Nemati, Bijan"},{"last_name":"Nikzad","first_name":"Shouleh","full_name":"Nikzad, Shouleh"},{"full_name":"Nissen, Joel","last_name":"Nissen","first_name":"Joel"},{"full_name":"Novicki, Megan","last_name":"Novicki","first_name":"Megan"},{"full_name":"Perrine, Todd","last_name":"Perrine","first_name":"Todd"},{"first_name":"Claudia","last_name":"Pineda","full_name":"Pineda, Claudia"},{"full_name":"Polanco, Otto","first_name":"Otto","last_name":"Polanco"},{"full_name":"Putnam, Dustin","last_name":"Putnam","first_name":"Dustin"},{"last_name":"Qureshi","first_name":"Atif","full_name":"Qureshi, Atif"},{"full_name":"Richards, Michael","last_name":"Richards","first_name":"Michael"},{"last_name":"Riggs","first_name":"A. J. Eldorado","full_name":"Riggs, A. J. Eldorado"},{"full_name":"Rodgers, Michael","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Rodgers"},{"full_name":"Rud, Mike","first_name":"Mike","last_name":"Rud"},{"first_name":"Navtej","last_name":"Saini","full_name":"Saini, Navtej"},{"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Scalisi","full_name":"Scalisi, Dan"},{"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Scharf","full_name":"Scharf, Dan"},{"full_name":"Schulz, Kevin","last_name":"Schulz","first_name":"Kevin"},{"full_name":"Serabyn, Gene","last_name":"Serabyn","first_name":"Gene"},{"last_name":"Sigrist","first_name":"Norbert","full_name":"Sigrist, Norbert"},{"full_name":"Sikkia, Glory","last_name":"Sikkia","first_name":"Glory"},{"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Singleton","full_name":"Singleton, Andrew"},{"last_name":"Shaklan","first_name":"Stuart","full_name":"Shaklan, Stuart"},{"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Smith","full_name":"Smith, Scott"},{"full_name":"Southerd, Bart","last_name":"Southerd","first_name":"Bart"},{"full_name":"Stahl, Mark","first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Stahl"},{"full_name":"Steeves, John","first_name":"John","last_name":"Steeves"},{"full_name":"Sturges, Brian","first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Sturges"},{"last_name":"Sullivan","first_name":"Chris","full_name":"Sullivan, Chris"},{"full_name":"Tang, Hao","first_name":"Hao","last_name":"Tang"},{"last_name":"Taras","first_name":"Neil","full_name":"Taras, Neil"},{"full_name":"Tesch, Jonathan","last_name":"Tesch","first_name":"Jonathan"},{"first_name":"Melissa","last_name":"Therrell","full_name":"Therrell, Melissa"},{"last_name":"Tseng","first_name":"Howard","full_name":"Tseng, Howard"},{"last_name":"Valente","first_name":"Marty","full_name":"Valente, Marty"},{"first_name":"David Van","last_name":"Buren","full_name":"Buren, David Van"},{"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Villalvazo","full_name":"Villalvazo, Juan"},{"full_name":"Warwick, Steve","last_name":"Warwick","first_name":"Steve"},{"first_name":"David","last_name":"Webb","full_name":"Webb, David"},{"full_name":"Westerhoff, Thomas","last_name":"Westerhoff","first_name":"Thomas"},{"full_name":"Wofford, Rush","last_name":"Wofford","first_name":"Rush"},{"first_name":"Gordon","last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, Gordon"},{"full_name":"Woo, Jahning","first_name":"Jahning","last_name":"Woo"},{"first_name":"Milana","last_name":"Wood","full_name":"Wood, Milana"},{"full_name":"Ziemer, John","last_name":"Ziemer","first_name":"John"},{"full_name":"Arney, Giada","last_name":"Arney","first_name":"Giada"},{"first_name":"Jay","last_name":"Anderson","full_name":"Anderson, Jay"},{"full_name":"Jesús Maíz-Apellániz, Jesús Maíz-Apellániz","last_name":"Jesús Maíz-Apellániz","first_name":"Jesús Maíz-Apellániz"},{"last_name":"Bartlett","first_name":"James","full_name":"Bartlett, James"},{"first_name":"Ruslan","last_name":"Belikov","full_name":"Belikov, Ruslan"},{"full_name":"Bendek, Eduardo","first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Bendek"},{"first_name":"Brad","last_name":"Cenko","full_name":"Cenko, Brad"},{"full_name":"Douglas, Ewan","last_name":"Douglas","first_name":"Ewan"},{"full_name":"Dulz, Shannon","last_name":"Dulz","first_name":"Shannon"},{"full_name":"Evans, Chris","last_name":"Evans","first_name":"Chris"},{"full_name":"Faramaz, Virginie","first_name":"Virginie","last_name":"Faramaz"},{"first_name":"Y. Katherina","last_name":"Feng","full_name":"Feng, Y. Katherina"},{"full_name":"Ferguson, Harry","first_name":"Harry","last_name":"Ferguson"},{"full_name":"Follette, Kate","first_name":"Kate","last_name":"Follette"},{"last_name":"Ford","first_name":"Saavik","full_name":"Ford, Saavik"},{"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"García","full_name":"García, Miriam"},{"full_name":"Geha, Marla","first_name":"Marla","last_name":"Geha"},{"first_name":"Dawn","last_name":"Gelino","full_name":"Gelino, Dawn"},{"id":"d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d","full_name":"Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter","first_name":"Ylva Louise Linsdotter","last_name":"Götberg","orcid":"0000-0002-6960-6911"},{"full_name":"Hildebrandt, Sergi","last_name":"Hildebrandt","first_name":"Sergi"},{"full_name":"Hu, Renyu","last_name":"Hu","first_name":"Renyu"},{"last_name":"Jahnke","first_name":"Knud","full_name":"Jahnke, Knud"},{"first_name":"Grant","last_name":"Kennedy","full_name":"Kennedy, Grant"},{"full_name":"Kreidberg, Laura","first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Kreidberg"},{"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Andrea"},{"last_name":"Lopez","first_name":"Eric","full_name":"Lopez, Eric"},{"full_name":"Marchis, Franck","first_name":"Franck","last_name":"Marchis"},{"first_name":"Lucas","last_name":"Macri","full_name":"Macri, Lucas"},{"full_name":"Marley, Mark","first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Marley"},{"full_name":"Matzko, William","last_name":"Matzko","first_name":"William"},{"full_name":"Mazoyer, Johan","last_name":"Mazoyer","first_name":"Johan"},{"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"McCandliss","full_name":"McCandliss, Stephan"},{"first_name":"Tiffany","last_name":"Meshkat","full_name":"Meshkat, Tiffany"},{"full_name":"Mordasini, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Mordasini"},{"full_name":"Morris, Patrick","last_name":"Morris","first_name":"Patrick"},{"full_name":"Nielsen, Eric","last_name":"Nielsen","first_name":"Eric"},{"last_name":"Newman","first_name":"Patrick","full_name":"Newman, Patrick"},{"full_name":"Petigura, Erik","last_name":"Petigura","first_name":"Erik"},{"last_name":"Postman","first_name":"Marc","full_name":"Postman, Marc"},{"last_name":"Reines","first_name":"Amy","full_name":"Reines, Amy"},{"first_name":"Aki","last_name":"Roberge","full_name":"Roberge, Aki"},{"last_name":"Roederer","first_name":"Ian","full_name":"Roederer, Ian"},{"full_name":"Ruane, Garreth","last_name":"Ruane","first_name":"Garreth"},{"first_name":"Edouard","last_name":"Schwieterman","full_name":"Schwieterman, Edouard"},{"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Sirbu","full_name":"Sirbu, Dan"},{"full_name":"Spalding, Christopher","last_name":"Spalding","first_name":"Christopher"},{"first_name":"Harry","last_name":"Teplitz","full_name":"Teplitz, Harry"},{"last_name":"Tumlinson","first_name":"Jason","full_name":"Tumlinson, Jason"},{"last_name":"Turner","first_name":"Neal","full_name":"Turner, Neal"},{"last_name":"Werk","first_name":"Jessica","full_name":"Werk, Jessica"},{"first_name":"Aida","last_name":"Wofford","full_name":"Wofford, Aida"},{"full_name":"Wyatt, Mark","first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Wyatt"},{"full_name":"Young, Amber","last_name":"Young","first_name":"Amber"},{"first_name":"Rob","last_name":"Zellem","full_name":"Zellem, Rob"}],"day":"18","type":"preprint","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2023-08-21T10:10:21Z","date_published":"2020-01-18T00:00:00Z","date_updated":"2023-08-22T13:13:18Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["2001.06683"]},"extern":"1","arxiv":1,"article_number":"2001.06683","_id":"14095","abstract":[{"text":"The Habitable Exoplanet Observatory, or HabEx, has been designed to be the Great Observatory of the 2030s. For the first time in human history, technologies have matured sufficiently to enable an affordable space-based telescope mission capable of discovering and characterizing Earthlike planets orbiting nearby bright sunlike stars in order to search for signs of habitability and biosignatures. Such a mission can also be equipped with instrumentation that will enable broad and exciting general astrophysics and planetary science not possible from current or planned facilities. HabEx is a space telescope with unique imaging and multi-object spectroscopic capabilities at wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to near-IR. These capabilities allow for a broad suite of compelling science that cuts across the entire NASA astrophysics portfolio. HabEx has three primary science goals: (1) Seek out nearby worlds and explore their habitability; (2) Map out nearby planetary systems and understand the diversity of the worlds they contain; (3) Enable new explorations of astrophysical systems from our own solar system to external galaxies by extending our reach in the UV through near-IR. This Great Observatory science will be selected through a competed GO program, and will account for about 50% of the HabEx primary mission. The preferred HabEx architecture is a 4m, monolithic, off-axis telescope that is diffraction-limited at 0.4 microns and is in an L2 orbit. HabEx employs two starlight suppression systems: a coronagraph and a starshade, each with their own dedicated instrument.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"submitted","month":"01","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"oa":1,"oa_version":"Preprint","title":"Successful common envelope ejection and binary neutron star formation in 3D hydrodynamics","year":"2020","status":"public","publication":"arXiv","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630","citation":{"ama":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith JAPL-S, Everson RW, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz ER-R, et al. Successful common envelope ejection and binary neutron star formation in 3D hydrodynamics. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630\">10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630</a>","ista":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith JAPL-S, Everson RW, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz ER-R, Mink SE de, Son LAC van, Götberg YLL, Zellmann S, Alejandro Vigna-Gómez AV-G, Renzo M, Wu S, Schrøder SL, Foley RJ, Tenley Hutchinson-Smith TH-S. Successful common envelope ejection and binary neutron star formation in 3D hydrodynamics. arXiv, 2011.06630.","short":"J.A.P.L.-S. Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, R.W. Everson, E.R.-R. Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, S.E. de Mink, L.A.C. van Son, Y.L.L. Götberg, S. Zellmann, A.V.-G. Alejandro Vigna-Gómez, M. Renzo, S. Wu, S.L. Schrøder, R.J. Foley, T.H.-S. Tenley Hutchinson-Smith, ArXiv (n.d.).","apa":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, J. A. P. L.-S., Everson, R. W., Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, E. R.-R., Mink, S. E. de, Son, L. A. C. van, Götberg, Y. L. L., … Tenley Hutchinson-Smith, T. H.-S. (n.d.). Successful common envelope ejection and binary neutron star formation in 3D hydrodynamics. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630</a>","ieee":"J. A. P. L.-S. Jamie A. P. Law-Smith <i>et al.</i>, “Successful common envelope ejection and binary neutron star formation in 3D hydrodynamics,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","chicago":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, Rosa Wallace Everson, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Selma E. de Mink, Lieke A. C. van Son, Ylva Louise Linsdotter Götberg, Stefan Zellmann, et al. “Successful Common Envelope Ejection and Binary Neutron Star Formation in 3D Hydrodynamics.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630</a>.","mla":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, et al. “Successful Common Envelope Ejection and Binary Neutron Star Formation in 3D Hydrodynamics.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2011.06630, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630\">10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630</a>."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.06630","open_access":"1"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith, Jamie A. P. Law-Smith","last_name":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith","first_name":"Jamie A. P. Law-Smith"},{"full_name":"Everson, Rosa Wallace","last_name":"Everson","first_name":"Rosa Wallace"},{"full_name":"Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz","first_name":"Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz","last_name":"Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz"},{"full_name":"Mink, Selma E. de","last_name":"Mink","first_name":"Selma E. de"},{"first_name":"Lieke A. C. van","last_name":"Son","full_name":"Son, Lieke A. C. van"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-6960-6911","first_name":"Ylva Louise Linsdotter","last_name":"Götberg","full_name":"Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter","id":"d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d"},{"full_name":"Zellmann, Stefan","first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Zellmann"},{"last_name":"Alejandro Vigna-Gómez","first_name":"Alejandro Vigna-Gómez","full_name":"Alejandro Vigna-Gómez, Alejandro Vigna-Gómez"},{"last_name":"Renzo","first_name":"Mathieu","full_name":"Renzo, Mathieu"},{"last_name":"Wu","first_name":"Samantha","full_name":"Wu, Samantha"},{"full_name":"Schrøder, Sophie L.","last_name":"Schrøder","first_name":"Sophie L."},{"full_name":"Foley, Ryan J.","first_name":"Ryan J.","last_name":"Foley"},{"last_name":"Tenley Hutchinson-Smith","first_name":"Tenley Hutchinson-Smith","full_name":"Tenley Hutchinson-Smith, Tenley Hutchinson-Smith"}],"day":"12","type":"preprint","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_created":"2023-08-21T10:10:41Z","date_published":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["2011.06630"]},"date_updated":"2023-08-22T11:03:00Z","arxiv":1,"article_number":"2011.06630","_id":"14096","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"11","publication_status":"submitted","abstract":[{"text":"A binary neutron star merger has been observed in a multi-messenger detection of gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Binary neutron stars that merge within a Hubble time, as well as many other compact binaries, are expected to form via common envelope evolution. Yet five decades of research on common envelope evolution have not yet resulted in a satisfactory understanding of the multi-spatial multi-timescale evolution for the systems that lead to compact binaries. In this paper, we report on the first successful simulations of common envelope ejection leading to binary neutron star formation in 3D hydrodynamics. We simulate the dynamical inspiral phase of the interaction between a 12M⊙ red supergiant and a 1.4M⊙ neutron star for different initial separations and initial conditions. For all of our simulations, we find complete envelope ejection and final orbital separations of af≈1.3-5.1R⊙ depending on the simulation and criterion, leading to binary neutron stars that can merge within a Hubble time. We find αCE-equivalent efficiencies of ≈0.1-2.7 depending on the simulation and criterion, but this may be specific for these extended progenitors. We fully resolve the core of the star to ≲0.005R⊙ and our 3D hydrodynamics simulations are informed by an adjusted 1D analytic energy formalism and a 2D kinematics study in order to overcome the prohibitive computational cost of simulating these systems. The framework we develop in this paper can be used to simulate a wide variety of interactions between stars, from stellar mergers to common envelope episodes leading to GW sources.","lang":"eng"}]},{"oa":1,"citation":{"ama":"Stark SG, Ficek J, Locatello F, et al. SCIM: Universal single-cell matching with unpaired feature sets. <i>Bioinformatics</i>. 2020;36(Supplement_2):i919-i927. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843\">10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843</a>","ista":"Stark SG et al. 2020. SCIM: Universal single-cell matching with unpaired feature sets. Bioinformatics. 36(Supplement_2), i919–i927.","short":"S.G. Stark, J. Ficek, F. Locatello, X. Bonilla, S. Chevrier, F. Singer, R. Aebersold, F.S. Al-Quaddoomi, J. Albinus, I. Alborelli, S. Andani, P.-O. Attinger, M. Bacac, D. Baumhoer, B. Beck-Schimmer, N. Beerenwinkel, C. Beisel, L. Bernasconi, A. Bertolini, B. Bodenmiller, X. Bonilla, R. Casanova, S. Chevrier, N. Chicherova, M. D’Costa, E. Danenberg, N. Davidson, M.-A.D. gan, R. Dummer, S. Engler, M. Erkens, K. Eschbach, C. Esposito, A. Fedier, P. Ferreira, J. Ficek, A.L. Frei, B. Frey, S. Goetze, L. Grob, G. Gut, D. Günther, M. Haberecker, P. Haeuptle, V. Heinzelmann-Schwarz, S. Herter, R. Holtackers, T. Huesser, A. Irmisch, F. Jacob, A. Jacobs, T.M. Jaeger, K. Jahn, A.R. James, P.M. Jermann, A. Kahles, A. Kahraman, V.H. Koelzer, W. Kuebler, J. Kuipers, C.P. Kunze, C. Kurzeder, K.-V. Lehmann, M. Levesque, S. Lugert, G. Maass, M. Manz, P. Markolin, J. Mena, U. Menzel, J.M. Metzler, N. Miglino, E.S. Milani, H. Moch, S. Muenst, R. Murri, C.K. Ng, S. Nicolet, M. Nowak, P.G. Pedrioli, L. Pelkmans, S. Piscuoglio, M. Prummer, M. Ritter, C. Rommel, M.L. Rosano-González, G. Rätsch, N. Santacroce, J.S. del Castillo, R. Schlenker, P.C. Schwalie, S. Schwan, T. Schär, G. Senti, F. Singer, S. Sivapatham, B. Snijder, B. Sobottka, V.T. Sreedharan, S. Stark, D.J. Stekhoven, A.P. Theocharides, T.M. Thomas, M. Tolnay, V. Tosevski, N.C. Toussaint, M.A. Tuncel, M. Tusup, A.V. Drogen, M. Vetter, T. Vlajnic, S. Weber, W.P. Weber, R. Wegmann, M. Weller, F. Wendt, N. Wey, A. Wicki, B. Wollscheid, S. Yu, J. Ziegler, M. Zimmermann, M. Zoche, G. Zuend, G. Rätsch, K.-V. Lehmann, Bioinformatics 36 (2020) i919–i927.","ieee":"S. G. Stark <i>et al.</i>, “SCIM: Universal single-cell matching with unpaired feature sets,” <i>Bioinformatics</i>, vol. 36, no. Supplement_2. Oxford University Press, pp. i919–i927, 2020.","apa":"Stark, S. G., Ficek, J., Locatello, F., Bonilla, X., Chevrier, S., Singer, F., … Lehmann, K.-V. (2020). SCIM: Universal single-cell matching with unpaired feature sets. <i>Bioinformatics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843\">https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843</a>","chicago":"Stark, Stefan G, Joanna Ficek, Francesco Locatello, Ximena Bonilla, Stéphane Chevrier, Franziska Singer, Rudolf Aebersold, et al. “SCIM: Universal Single-Cell Matching with Unpaired Feature Sets.” <i>Bioinformatics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843\">https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843</a>.","mla":"Stark, Stefan G., et al. “SCIM: Universal Single-Cell Matching with Unpaired Feature Sets.” <i>Bioinformatics</i>, vol. 36, no. Supplement_2, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. i919–27, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843\">10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843</a>."},"department":[{"_id":"FrLo"}],"keyword":["Computational Mathematics","Computational Theory and Mathematics","Computer Science Applications","Molecular Biology","Biochemistry","Statistics and Probability"],"publication":"Bioinformatics","related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"software","url":"https://github.com/ratschlab/scim"}]},"day":"01","scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2023-08-21T12:28:20Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","volume":36,"intvolume":"        36","extern":"1","pmid":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Motivation: Recent technological advances have led to an increase in the production and availability of single-cell data. The ability to integrate a set of multi-technology measurements would allow the identification of biologically or clinically meaningful observations through the unification of the perspectives afforded by each technology. In most cases, however, profiling technologies consume the used cells and thus pairwise correspondences between datasets are lost. Due to the sheer size single-cell datasets can acquire, scalable algorithms that are able to universally match single-cell measurements carried out in one cell to its corresponding sibling in another technology are needed.\r\nResults: We propose Single-Cell data Integration via Matching (SCIM), a scalable approach to recover such correspondences in two or more technologies. SCIM assumes that cells share a common (low-dimensional) underlying structure and that the underlying cell distribution is approximately constant across technologies. It constructs a technology-invariant latent space using an autoencoder framework with an adversarial objective. Multi-modal datasets are integrated by pairing cells across technologies using a bipartite matching scheme that operates on the low-dimensional latent representations. We evaluate SCIM on a simulated cellular branching process and show that the cell-to-cell matches derived by SCIM reflect the same pseudotime on the simulated dataset. Moreover, we apply our method to two real-world scenarios, a melanoma tumor sample and a human bone marrow sample, where we pair cells from a scRNA dataset to their sibling cells in a CyTOF dataset achieving 90% and 78% cell-matching accuracy for each one of the samples, respectively."}],"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","doi":"10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"SCIM: Universal single-cell matching with unpaired feature sets","status":"public","year":"2020","author":[{"last_name":"Stark","first_name":"Stefan G","full_name":"Stark, Stefan G"},{"full_name":"Ficek, Joanna","first_name":"Joanna","last_name":"Ficek"},{"full_name":"Locatello, Francesco","first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Locatello","id":"26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4","orcid":"0000-0002-4850-0683"},{"full_name":"Bonilla, Ximena","last_name":"Bonilla","first_name":"Ximena"},{"first_name":"Stéphane","last_name":"Chevrier","full_name":"Chevrier, Stéphane"},{"full_name":"Singer, Franziska","first_name":"Franziska","last_name":"Singer"},{"full_name":"Aebersold, Rudolf","first_name":"Rudolf","last_name":"Aebersold"},{"first_name":"Faisal S","last_name":"Al-Quaddoomi","full_name":"Al-Quaddoomi, Faisal S"},{"full_name":"Albinus, Jonas","last_name":"Albinus","first_name":"Jonas"},{"full_name":"Alborelli, Ilaria","first_name":"Ilaria","last_name":"Alborelli"},{"first_name":"Sonali","last_name":"Andani","full_name":"Andani, Sonali"},{"full_name":"Attinger, Per-Olof","last_name":"Attinger","first_name":"Per-Olof"},{"last_name":"Bacac","first_name":"Marina","full_name":"Bacac, Marina"},{"full_name":"Baumhoer, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Baumhoer"},{"full_name":"Beck-Schimmer, Beatrice","last_name":"Beck-Schimmer","first_name":"Beatrice"},{"last_name":"Beerenwinkel","first_name":"Niko","full_name":"Beerenwinkel, Niko"},{"last_name":"Beisel","first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Beisel, Christian"},{"last_name":"Bernasconi","first_name":"Lara","full_name":"Bernasconi, Lara"},{"full_name":"Bertolini, Anne","last_name":"Bertolini","first_name":"Anne"},{"last_name":"Bodenmiller","first_name":"Bernd","full_name":"Bodenmiller, Bernd"},{"last_name":"Bonilla","first_name":"Ximena","full_name":"Bonilla, Ximena"},{"full_name":"Casanova, Ruben","first_name":"Ruben","last_name":"Casanova"},{"last_name":"Chevrier","first_name":"Stéphane","full_name":"Chevrier, Stéphane"},{"full_name":"Chicherova, Natalia","first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Chicherova"},{"first_name":"Maya","last_name":"D'Costa","full_name":"D'Costa, Maya"},{"full_name":"Danenberg, Esther","last_name":"Danenberg","first_name":"Esther"},{"full_name":"Davidson, Natalie","last_name":"Davidson","first_name":"Natalie"},{"last_name":"gan","first_name":"Monica-Andreea Dră","full_name":"gan, Monica-Andreea Dră"},{"full_name":"Dummer, Reinhard","first_name":"Reinhard","last_name":"Dummer"},{"full_name":"Engler, Stefanie","first_name":"Stefanie","last_name":"Engler"},{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Erkens","full_name":"Erkens, Martin"},{"full_name":"Eschbach, Katja","first_name":"Katja","last_name":"Eschbach"},{"full_name":"Esposito, Cinzia","last_name":"Esposito","first_name":"Cinzia"},{"last_name":"Fedier","first_name":"André","full_name":"Fedier, André"},{"first_name":"Pedro","last_name":"Ferreira","full_name":"Ferreira, Pedro"},{"first_name":"Joanna","last_name":"Ficek","full_name":"Ficek, Joanna"},{"first_name":"Anja L","last_name":"Frei","full_name":"Frei, Anja L"},{"last_name":"Frey","first_name":"Bruno","full_name":"Frey, Bruno"},{"full_name":"Goetze, 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Michael","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Weller"},{"full_name":"Wendt, Fabian","first_name":"Fabian","last_name":"Wendt"},{"full_name":"Wey, Norbert","last_name":"Wey","first_name":"Norbert"},{"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Wicki","full_name":"Wicki, Andreas"},{"full_name":"Wollscheid, Bernd","first_name":"Bernd","last_name":"Wollscheid"},{"first_name":"Shuqing","last_name":"Yu","full_name":"Yu, Shuqing"},{"first_name":"Johanna","last_name":"Ziegler","full_name":"Ziegler, Johanna"},{"last_name":"Zimmermann","first_name":"Marc","full_name":"Zimmermann, Marc"},{"full_name":"Zoche, Martin","last_name":"Zoche","first_name":"Martin"},{"first_name":"Gregor","last_name":"Zuend","full_name":"Zuend, Gregor"},{"full_name":"Rätsch, Gunnar","last_name":"Rätsch","first_name":"Gunnar"},{"last_name":"Lehmann","first_name":"Kjong-Van","full_name":"Lehmann, Kjong-Van"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa843"}],"type":"journal_article","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"Supplement_2","page":"i919-i927","article_type":"original","date_updated":"2023-09-11T10:21:00Z","external_id":{"pmid":["33381818"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1367-4811"]},"month":"12","article_processing_charge":"No","_id":"14125"},{"_id":"14186","month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9781577358350"],"eissn":["2374-3468"]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["2007.14184"]},"date_updated":"2023-09-12T07:44:48Z","page":"13681-13684","issue":"9","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2020-07-28T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","conference":{"location":"New York, NY, United States","end_date":"2020-02-12","name":"AAAI: Conference on Artificial Intelligence","start_date":"2020-02-07"},"type":"conference","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14184"}],"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4850-0683","last_name":"Locatello","first_name":"Francesco","full_name":"Locatello, Francesco","id":"26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4"},{"full_name":"Bauer, Stefan","last_name":"Bauer","first_name":"Stefan"},{"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Lucic","full_name":"Lucic, Mario"},{"full_name":"Rätsch, Gunnar","last_name":"Rätsch","first_name":"Gunnar"},{"full_name":"Gelly, Sylvain","first_name":"Sylvain","last_name":"Gelly"},{"full_name":"Schölkopf, Bernhard","first_name":"Bernhard","last_name":"Schölkopf"},{"first_name":"Olivier","last_name":"Bachem","full_name":"Bachem, Olivier"}],"year":"2020","title":"A commentary on the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations","status":"public","doi":"10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120","publisher":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","oa_version":"Preprint","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The goal of the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations is to\r\nseparate the independent explanatory factors of variation in the data without\r\naccess to supervision. In this paper, we summarize the results of Locatello et\r\nal., 2019, and focus on their implications for practitioners. We discuss the\r\ntheoretical result showing that the unsupervised learning of disentangled\r\nrepresentations is fundamentally impossible without inductive biases and the\r\npractical challenges it entails. Finally, we comment on our experimental\r\nfindings, highlighting the limitations of state-of-the-art approaches and\r\ndirections for future research."}],"arxiv":1,"extern":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","volume":34,"intvolume":"        34","date_created":"2023-08-22T14:07:26Z","day":"28","scopus_import":"1","publication":"The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","citation":{"mla":"Locatello, Francesco, et al. “A Commentary on the Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations.” <i>The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i>, vol. 34, no. 9, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2020, pp. 13681–84, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120\">10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120</a>.","chicago":"Locatello, Francesco, Stefan Bauer, Mario Lucic, Gunnar Rätsch, Sylvain Gelly, Bernhard Schölkopf, and Olivier Bachem. “A Commentary on the Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations.” In <i>The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i>, 34:13681–84. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120\">https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120</a>.","ieee":"F. Locatello <i>et al.</i>, “A commentary on the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations,” in <i>The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i>, New York, NY, United States, 2020, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 13681–13684.","apa":"Locatello, F., Bauer, S., Lucic, M., Rätsch, G., Gelly, S., Schölkopf, B., &#38; Bachem, O. (2020). A commentary on the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations. In <i>The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i> (Vol. 34, pp. 13681–13684). New York, NY, United States: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120\">https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120</a>","short":"F. Locatello, S. Bauer, M. Lucic, G. Rätsch, S. Gelly, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem, in:, The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2020, pp. 13681–13684.","ista":"Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, Rätsch G, Gelly S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. 2020. A commentary on the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations. The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. AAAI: Conference on Artificial Intelligence vol. 34, 13681–13684.","ama":"Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, et al. A commentary on the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations. In: <i>The 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i>. Vol 34. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence; 2020:13681-13684. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120\">10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7120</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"FrLo"}],"oa":1},{"oa":1,"publication":"Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning","department":[{"_id":"FrLo"}],"citation":{"ama":"Négiar G, Dresdner G, Tsai A, et al. Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for constrained finite-sum minimization. In: <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>. Vol 119. ; 2020:7253-7262.","ista":"Négiar G, Dresdner G, Tsai A, Ghaoui LE, Locatello F, Freund RM, Pedregosa F. 2020. Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for constrained finite-sum minimization. Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning. International Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR, vol. 119, 7253–7262.","short":"G. Négiar, G. Dresdner, A. Tsai, L.E. Ghaoui, F. Locatello, R.M. Freund, F. Pedregosa, in:, Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning, 2020, pp. 7253–7262.","chicago":"Négiar, Geoffrey, Gideon Dresdner, Alicia Tsai, Laurent El Ghaoui, Francesco Locatello, Robert M. Freund, and Fabian Pedregosa. “Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for Constrained Finite-Sum Minimization.” In <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>, 119:7253–62, 2020.","mla":"Négiar, Geoffrey, et al. “Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for Constrained Finite-Sum Minimization.” <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>, vol. 119, 2020, pp. 7253–62.","apa":"Négiar, G., Dresdner, G., Tsai, A., Ghaoui, L. E., Locatello, F., Freund, R. M., &#38; Pedregosa, F. (2020). Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for constrained finite-sum minimization. In <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i> (Vol. 119, pp. 7253–7262). Virtual.","ieee":"G. Négiar <i>et al.</i>, “Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for constrained finite-sum minimization,” in <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>, Virtual, 2020, vol. 119, pp. 7253–7262."},"alternative_title":["PMLR"],"day":"27","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","volume":119,"intvolume":"       119","date_created":"2023-08-22T14:07:52Z","extern":"1","arxiv":1,"publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"We propose a novel Stochastic Frank-Wolfe (a.k.a. conditional gradient)\r\nalgorithm for constrained smooth finite-sum minimization with a generalized\r\nlinear prediction/structure. This class of problems includes empirical risk\r\nminimization with sparse, low-rank, or other structured constraints. The\r\nproposed method is simple to implement, does not require step-size tuning, and\r\nhas a constant per-iteration cost that is independent of the dataset size.\r\nFurthermore, as a byproduct of the method we obtain a stochastic estimator of\r\nthe Frank-Wolfe gap that can be used as a stopping criterion. Depending on the\r\nsetting, the proposed method matches or improves on the best computational\r\nguarantees for Stochastic Frank-Wolfe algorithms. Benchmarks on several\r\ndatasets highlight different regimes in which the proposed method exhibits a\r\nfaster empirical convergence than related methods. Finally, we provide an\r\nimplementation of all considered methods in an open-source package.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","status":"public","year":"2020","title":"Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for constrained finite-sum minimization","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.11860"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Négiar","first_name":"Geoffrey","full_name":"Négiar, Geoffrey"},{"last_name":"Dresdner","first_name":"Gideon","full_name":"Dresdner, Gideon"},{"last_name":"Tsai","first_name":"Alicia","full_name":"Tsai, Alicia"},{"last_name":"Ghaoui","first_name":"Laurent El","full_name":"Ghaoui, Laurent El"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-4850-0683","id":"26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4","full_name":"Locatello, Francesco","first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Locatello"},{"full_name":"Freund, Robert M.","last_name":"Freund","first_name":"Robert M."},{"last_name":"Pedregosa","first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Pedregosa, Fabian"}],"type":"conference","conference":{"end_date":"2020-07-18","name":"International Conference on Machine Learning","start_date":"2020-07-13","location":"Virtual"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["2002.11860"]},"date_updated":"2023-09-12T08:03:40Z","page":"7253-7262","_id":"14187","month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-07-07T00:00:00Z","date_updated":"2023-09-12T07:59:29Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["2002.02886"]},"page":"6348–6359","_id":"14188","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"07","oa_version":"Preprint","year":"2020","title":"Weakly-supervised disentanglement without compromises","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.02886"}],"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4850-0683","id":"26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4","last_name":"Locatello","first_name":"Francesco","full_name":"Locatello, Francesco"},{"full_name":"Poole, Ben","last_name":"Poole","first_name":"Ben"},{"first_name":"Gunnar","last_name":"Rätsch","full_name":"Rätsch, Gunnar"},{"full_name":"Schölkopf, Bernhard","first_name":"Bernhard","last_name":"Schölkopf"},{"last_name":"Bachem","first_name":"Olivier","full_name":"Bachem, Olivier"},{"last_name":"Tschannen","first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Tschannen, Michael"}],"type":"conference","conference":{"start_date":"2020-07-13","end_date":"2020-07-18","name":"International Conference on Machine Learning","location":"Virtual"},"intvolume":"       119","volume":119,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_created":"2023-08-22T14:08:14Z","extern":"1","arxiv":1,"abstract":[{"text":"Intelligent agents should be able to learn useful representations by\r\nobserving changes in their environment. We model such observations as pairs of\r\nnon-i.i.d. images sharing at least one of the underlying factors of variation.\r\nFirst, we theoretically show that only knowing how many factors have changed,\r\nbut not which ones, is sufficient to learn disentangled representations.\r\nSecond, we provide practical algorithms that learn disentangled representations\r\nfrom pairs of images without requiring annotation of groups, individual\r\nfactors, or the number of factors that have changed. Third, we perform a\r\nlarge-scale empirical study and show that such pairs of observations are\r\nsufficient to reliably learn disentangled representations on several benchmark\r\ndata sets. Finally, we evaluate our learned representations and find that they\r\nare simultaneously useful on a diverse suite of tasks, including generalization\r\nunder covariate shifts, fairness, and abstract reasoning. Overall, our results\r\ndemonstrate that weak supervision enables learning of useful disentangled\r\nrepresentations in realistic scenarios.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"publication":"Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning","department":[{"_id":"FrLo"}],"citation":{"ieee":"F. Locatello, B. Poole, G. Rätsch, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem, and M. Tschannen, “Weakly-supervised disentanglement without compromises,” in <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>, Virtual, 2020, vol. 119, pp. 6348–6359.","apa":"Locatello, F., Poole, B., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Bachem, O., &#38; Tschannen, M. (2020). Weakly-supervised disentanglement without compromises. In <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i> (Vol. 119, pp. 6348–6359). Virtual.","chicago":"Locatello, Francesco, Ben Poole, Gunnar Rätsch, Bernhard Schölkopf, Olivier Bachem, and Michael Tschannen. “Weakly-Supervised Disentanglement without Compromises.” In <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>, 119:6348–6359, 2020.","mla":"Locatello, Francesco, et al. “Weakly-Supervised Disentanglement without Compromises.” <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>, vol. 119, 2020, pp. 6348–6359.","ama":"Locatello F, Poole B, Rätsch G, Schölkopf B, Bachem O, Tschannen M. Weakly-supervised disentanglement without compromises. In: <i>Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning</i>. Vol 119. ; 2020:6348–6359.","ista":"Locatello F, Poole B, Rätsch G, Schölkopf B, Bachem O, Tschannen M. 2020. Weakly-supervised disentanglement without compromises. Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning. International Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR, vol. 119, 6348–6359.","short":"F. Locatello, B. Poole, G. Rätsch, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem, M. Tschannen, in:, Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning, 2020, pp. 6348–6359."},"day":"07","alternative_title":["PMLR"],"scopus_import":"1"},{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","oa":1,"citation":{"short":"F. Locatello, S. Bauer, M. Lucic, G. Rätsch, S. Gelly, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem, Journal of Machine Learning Research 21 (2020).","ista":"Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, Rätsch G, Gelly S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. 2020. A sober look at the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations and their evaluation. Journal of Machine Learning Research. 21, 209.","ama":"Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, et al. A sober look at the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations and their evaluation. <i>Journal of Machine Learning Research</i>. 2020;21.","mla":"Locatello, Francesco, et al. “A Sober Look at the Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations and Their Evaluation.” <i>Journal of Machine Learning Research</i>, vol. 21, 209, MIT Press, 2020.","chicago":"Locatello, Francesco, Stefan Bauer, Mario Lucic, Gunnar Rätsch, Sylvain Gelly, Bernhard Schölkopf, and Olivier Bachem. “A Sober Look at the Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations and Their Evaluation.” <i>Journal of Machine Learning Research</i>. MIT Press, 2020.","apa":"Locatello, F., Bauer, S., Lucic, M., Rätsch, G., Gelly, S., Schölkopf, B., &#38; Bachem, O. (2020). A sober look at the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations and their evaluation. <i>Journal of Machine Learning Research</i>. MIT Press.","ieee":"F. Locatello <i>et al.</i>, “A sober look at the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations and their evaluation,” <i>Journal of Machine Learning Research</i>, vol. 21. MIT Press, 2020."},"department":[{"_id":"FrLo"}],"publication":"Journal of Machine Learning Research","article_number":"209","arxiv":1,"abstract":[{"text":"The idea behind the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations is that real-world data is generated by a few explanatory factors of variation which can be recovered by unsupervised learning algorithms. In this paper, we provide a sober look at recent progress in the field and challenge some common assumptions. We first theoretically show that the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations is fundamentally impossible without inductive biases on both the models and the data. Then, we train over 14000\r\n models covering most prominent methods and evaluation metrics in a reproducible large-scale experimental study on eight data sets. We observe that while the different methods successfully enforce properties “encouraged” by the corresponding losses, well-disentangled models seemingly cannot be identified without supervision. Furthermore, different evaluation metrics do not always agree on what should be considered “disentangled” and exhibit systematic differences in the estimation. Finally, increased disentanglement does not seem to necessarily lead to a decreased sample complexity of learning for downstream tasks. Our results suggest that future work on disentanglement learning should be explicit about the role of inductive biases and (implicit) supervision, investigate concrete benefits of enforcing disentanglement of the learned representations, and consider a reproducible experimental setup covering several data sets.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_created":"2023-08-22T14:10:34Z","intvolume":"        21","volume":21,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4850-0683","id":"26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4","full_name":"Locatello, Francesco","last_name":"Locatello","first_name":"Francesco"},{"last_name":"Bauer","first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Bauer, Stefan"},{"full_name":"Lucic, Mario","first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Lucic"},{"first_name":"Gunnar","last_name":"Rätsch","full_name":"Rätsch, Gunnar"},{"last_name":"Gelly","first_name":"Sylvain","full_name":"Gelly, Sylvain"},{"last_name":"Schölkopf","first_name":"Bernhard","full_name":"Schölkopf, Bernhard"},{"full_name":"Bachem, Olivier","last_name":"Bachem","first_name":"Olivier"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://jmlr.csail.mit.edu/papers/v21/19-976.html","open_access":"1"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","has_accepted_license":"1","publisher":"MIT Press","ddc":["000"],"year":"2020","title":"A sober look at the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations and their evaluation","status":"public","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"09","_id":"14195","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-12T09:23:56Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["2010.14766"]},"article_type":"original"},{"publication":"IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings","citation":{"ama":"Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, Fink JM. Microwave quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver. In: <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i>. Vol 2020. IEEE; 2020. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397\">10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>","ista":"Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, Fink JM. 2020. Microwave quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver. IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings. RadarConf: National Conference on Radar vol. 2020, 9266397.","short":"S. Barzanjeh, S. Pirandola, D. Vitali, J.M. Fink, in:, IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings, IEEE, 2020.","chicago":"Barzanjeh, Shabir, Stefano Pirandola, David Vitali, and Johannes M Fink. “Microwave Quantum Illumination with a Digital Phase-Conjugated Receiver.” In <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i>, Vol. 2020. IEEE, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397\">https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>.","mla":"Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Microwave Quantum Illumination with a Digital Phase-Conjugated Receiver.” <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i>, vol. 2020, no. 9, 9266397, IEEE, 2020, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397\">10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>.","ieee":"S. Barzanjeh, S. Pirandola, D. Vitali, and J. M. Fink, “Microwave quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver,” in <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i>, Florence, Italy, 2020, vol. 2020, no. 9.","apa":"Barzanjeh, S., Pirandola, S., Vitali, D., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2020). Microwave quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver. In <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i> (Vol. 2020). Florence, Italy: IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397\">https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"oa":1,"ec_funded":1,"scopus_import":"1","day":"21","isi":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"earlier_version","id":"7910"}]},"intvolume":"      2020","volume":2020,"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","date_created":"2021-01-10T23:01:17Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Quantum illumination is a sensing technique that employs entangled signal-idler beams to improve the detection efficiency of low-reflectivity objects in environments with large thermal noise. The advantage over classical strategies is evident at low signal brightness, a feature which could make the protocol an ideal prototype for non-invasive scanning or low-power short-range radar. Here we experimentally investigate the concept of quantum illumination at microwave frequencies, by generating entangled fields using a Josephson parametric converter which are then amplified to illuminate a room-temperature object at a distance of 1 meter. Starting from experimental data, we simulate the case of perfect idler photon number detection, which results in a quantum advantage compared to the relative classical benchmark. Our results highlight the opportunities and challenges on the way towards a first room-temperature application of microwave quantum circuits."}],"publication_status":"published","project":[{"grant_number":"758053","_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"862644","_id":"237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","name":"Quantum readout techniques and technologies"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"707438","_id":"258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination with cavity Optomechanics SUPEREOM"},{"_id":"257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies","grant_number":"732894","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"article_number":"9266397","arxiv":1,"status":"public","year":"2020","title":"Microwave quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), the European Research Council under grant agreement number 758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT) and the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 862644 (FET Open QUARTET). S.B. acknowledges support from the Marie Skłodowska Curie\r\nfellowship number 707438 (MSC-IF SUPEREOM), DV acknowledge support from EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 732894 (FET Proactive HOT) and the Project QuaSeRT funded by the QuantERA ERANET Cofund in Quantum Technologies, and J.M.F from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through BeyondC (F71), a NOMIS foundation research grant, and the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and\r\ninnovation programme under grant agreement number 732894 (FET Proactive\r\nHOT).","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397","oa_version":"Preprint","conference":{"location":"Florence, Italy","name":"RadarConf: National Conference on Radar","end_date":"2020-09-25","start_date":"2020-09-21"},"type":"conference","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.03058","open_access":"1"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Shabir","last_name":"Barzanjeh","full_name":"Barzanjeh, Shabir","id":"2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-0415-1423"},{"full_name":"Pirandola, Stefano","last_name":"Pirandola","first_name":"Stefano"},{"last_name":"Vitali","first_name":"David","full_name":"Vitali, David"},{"id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X"}],"date_updated":"2024-09-10T12:23:52Z","external_id":{"arxiv":["1908.03058"],"isi":["000612224900089"]},"issue":"9","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","_id":"9001","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"09","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1097-5659"],"isbn":["9781728189420"]}},{"publisher":"European Mathematical Society","doi":"10.4171/CMH/499","year":"2020","status":"public","title":"Free rational points on smooth hypersurfaces","oa_version":"Preprint","type":"journal_article","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8314-0177","full_name":"Browning, Timothy D","first_name":"Timothy D","last_name":"Browning","id":"35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Will","last_name":"Sawin","full_name":"Sawin, Will"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08463"}],"issue":"4","page":"635-659","date_updated":"2023-08-24T11:11:36Z","external_id":{"isi":["000596833300001"],"arxiv":["1906.08463"]},"article_type":"original","date_published":"2020-12-07T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"12","_id":"9007","publication_identifier":{"issn":["00102571"],"eissn":["14208946"]},"department":[{"_id":"TiBr"}],"citation":{"ieee":"T. D. Browning and W. Sawin, “Free rational points on smooth hypersurfaces,” <i>Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici</i>, vol. 95, no. 4. European Mathematical Society, pp. 635–659, 2020.","apa":"Browning, T. D., &#38; Sawin, W. (2020). Free rational points on smooth hypersurfaces. <i>Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici</i>. European Mathematical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/499\">https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/499</a>","mla":"Browning, Timothy D., and Will Sawin. “Free Rational Points on Smooth Hypersurfaces.” <i>Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici</i>, vol. 95, no. 4, European Mathematical Society, 2020, pp. 635–59, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/499\">10.4171/CMH/499</a>.","chicago":"Browning, Timothy D, and Will Sawin. “Free Rational Points on Smooth Hypersurfaces.” <i>Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici</i>. European Mathematical Society, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/499\">https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/499</a>.","short":"T.D. Browning, W. Sawin, Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici 95 (2020) 635–659.","ista":"Browning TD, Sawin W. 2020. Free rational points on smooth hypersurfaces. Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici. 95(4), 635–659.","ama":"Browning TD, Sawin W. Free rational points on smooth hypersurfaces. <i>Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici</i>. 2020;95(4):635-659. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/499\">10.4171/CMH/499</a>"},"publication":"Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici","oa":1,"isi":1,"scopus_import":"1","day":"07","date_created":"2021-01-17T23:01:11Z","intvolume":"        95","volume":95,"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","abstract":[{"text":"Motivated by a recent question of Peyre, we apply the Hardy–Littlewood circle method to count “sufficiently free” rational points of bounded height on arbitrary smooth projective hypersurfaces of low degree that are defined over the rationals.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","arxiv":1},{"abstract":[{"text":"Distributed ledgers provide high availability and integrity, making them a key enabler for practical and secure computation of distributed workloads among mutually distrustful parties. Many practical applications also require strong confidentiality, however. This work enhances permissioned and permissionless blockchains with the ability to manage confidential data without forfeiting availability or decentralization. The proposed Calypso architecture addresses two orthogonal challenges confronting modern distributed ledgers: (a) enabling the auditable management of secrets and (b) protecting distributed computations against arbitrage attacks when their results depend on the ordering and secrecy of inputs.\r\n\r\nCalypso introduces on-chain secrets, a novel abstraction that enforces atomic deposition of an auditable trace whenever users access confidential data. Calypso provides user-controlled consent management that ensures revocation atomicity and accountable anonymity. To enable permissionless deployment, we introduce an incentive scheme and provide users with the option to select their preferred trustees. We evaluated our Calypso prototype with a confidential document-sharing application and a decentralized lottery. Our benchmarks show that transaction-processing latency increases linearly in terms of security (number of trustees) and is in the range of 0.2 to 8 seconds for 16 to 128 trustees.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        14","volume":14,"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","date_created":"2021-01-17T23:01:13Z","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","isi":1,"publication":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","department":[{"_id":"ElKo"}],"citation":{"short":"E. Kokoris Kogias, E.C. Alp, L. Gasser, P. Jovanovic, E. Syta, B. Ford, Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 14 (2020) 586–599.","ista":"Kokoris Kogias E, Alp EC, Gasser L, Jovanovic P, Syta E, Ford B. 2020. CALYPSO: Private data management for decentralized ledgers. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment. 14(4), 586–599.","ama":"Kokoris Kogias E, Alp EC, Gasser L, Jovanovic P, Syta E, Ford B. CALYPSO: Private data management for decentralized ledgers. <i>Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment</i>. 2020;14(4):586-599. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.14778/3436905.3436917\">10.14778/3436905.3436917</a>","ieee":"E. Kokoris Kogias, E. C. Alp, L. Gasser, P. Jovanovic, E. Syta, and B. Ford, “CALYPSO: Private data management for decentralized ledgers,” <i>Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment</i>, vol. 14, no. 4. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 586–599, 2020.","apa":"Kokoris Kogias, E., Alp, E. C., Gasser, L., Jovanovic, P., Syta, E., &#38; Ford, B. (2020). CALYPSO: Private data management for decentralized ledgers. <i>Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment</i>. Association for Computing Machinery. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.14778/3436905.3436917\">https://doi.org/10.14778/3436905.3436917</a>","mla":"Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios, et al. “CALYPSO: Private Data Management for Decentralized Ledgers.” <i>Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment</i>, vol. 14, no. 4, Association for Computing Machinery, 2020, pp. 586–99, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.14778/3436905.3436917\">10.14778/3436905.3436917</a>.","chicago":"Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios, Enis Ceyhun Alp, Linus Gasser, Philipp Jovanovic, Ewa Syta, and Bryan Ford. “CALYPSO: Private Data Management for Decentralized Ledgers.” <i>Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment</i>. Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.14778/3436905.3436917\">https://doi.org/10.14778/3436905.3436917</a>."},"oa":1,"_id":"9011","article_processing_charge":"No","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"month":"12","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2150-8097"]},"external_id":{"isi":["000658495400012"]},"date_updated":"2023-08-24T13:57:13Z","article_type":"original","page":"586-599","issue":"4","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.14778/3436905.3436917"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios","last_name":"Kokoris Kogias","first_name":"Eleftherios","id":"f5983044-d7ef-11ea-ac6d-fd1430a26d30"},{"full_name":"Alp, Enis Ceyhun","first_name":"Enis Ceyhun","last_name":"Alp"},{"full_name":"Gasser, Linus","last_name":"Gasser","first_name":"Linus"},{"full_name":"Jovanovic, Philipp","last_name":"Jovanovic","first_name":"Philipp"},{"last_name":"Syta","first_name":"Ewa","full_name":"Syta, Ewa"},{"first_name":"Bryan","last_name":"Ford","full_name":"Ford, Bryan"}],"title":"CALYPSO: Private data management for decentralized ledgers","year":"2020","status":"public","acknowledgement":"We thank Nicolas Gailly, Vincent Graf, Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Wouter Lueks, Massimo Marelli, Carmela Troncoso, Juan-Ramón Troncoso Pastoriza, Frédéric Pont, and Sandra Siby for their valuable feedback. This project was supported in part by the ETH domain under PHRT grant #2017−201, and by the AXA Research Fund, Byzgen, DFINITY, and the Swiss Data Science Center (SDSC).","publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery","doi":"10.14778/3436905.3436917","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"isi":1,"scopus_import":"1","day":"15","ec_funded":1,"oa":1,"citation":{"ieee":"J. L. Fischer, T. Laux, and T. M. Simon, “Convergence rates of the Allen-Cahn equation to mean curvature flow: A short proof based on relative entropies,” <i>SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis</i>, vol. 52, no. 6. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, pp. 6222–6233, 2020.","apa":"Fischer, J. L., Laux, T., &#38; Simon, T. M. (2020). Convergence rates of the Allen-Cahn equation to mean curvature flow: A short proof based on relative entropies. <i>SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis</i>. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1322182\">https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1322182</a>","mla":"Fischer, Julian L., et al. “Convergence Rates of the Allen-Cahn Equation to Mean Curvature Flow: A Short Proof Based on Relative Entropies.” <i>SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis</i>, vol. 52, no. 6, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2020, pp. 6222–33, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1322182\">10.1137/20M1322182</a>.","chicago":"Fischer, Julian L, Tim Laux, and Theresa M. Simon. “Convergence Rates of the Allen-Cahn Equation to Mean Curvature Flow: A Short Proof Based on Relative Entropies.” <i>SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis</i>. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1322182\">https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1322182</a>.","short":"J.L. Fischer, T. Laux, T.M. Simon, SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 52 (2020) 6222–6233.","ista":"Fischer JL, Laux T, Simon TM. 2020. Convergence rates of the Allen-Cahn equation to mean curvature flow: A short proof based on relative entropies. SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis. 52(6), 6222–6233.","ama":"Fischer JL, Laux T, Simon TM. Convergence rates of the Allen-Cahn equation to mean curvature flow: A short proof based on relative entropies. <i>SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis</i>. 2020;52(6):6222-6233. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1322182\">10.1137/20M1322182</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"JuFi"}],"publication":"SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis","project":[{"grant_number":"665385","_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"International IST Doctoral Program","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"abstract":[{"text":"We give a short and self-contained proof for rates of convergence of the Allen--Cahn equation towards mean curvature flow, assuming that a classical (smooth) solution to the latter exists and starting from well-prepared initial data. Our approach is based on a relative entropy technique. In particular, it does not require a stability analysis for the linearized Allen--Cahn operator. As our analysis also does not rely on the comparison principle, we expect it to be applicable to more complex equations and systems.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_created":"2021-01-24T23:01:09Z","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","intvolume":"        52","volume":52,"author":[{"first_name":"Julian L","last_name":"Fischer","full_name":"Fischer, Julian L","id":"2C12A0B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-0479-558X"},{"full_name":"Laux, Tim","last_name":"Laux","first_name":"Tim"},{"last_name":"Simon","first_name":"Theresa M.","full_name":"Simon, Theresa M."}],"file_date_updated":"2021-01-25T07:48:39Z","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.1137/20M1322182","ddc":["510"],"publisher":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation\r\nProgramme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement 665385 and by the Deutsche\r\nForschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy, EXC-2047/1--390685813.","year":"2020","status":"public","title":"Convergence rates of the Allen-Cahn equation to mean curvature flow: A short proof based on relative entropies","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["10957154"],"issn":["00361410"]},"month":"12","article_processing_charge":"No","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"_id":"9039","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","page":"6222-6233","file":[{"date_created":"2021-01-25T07:48:39Z","success":1,"file_id":"9041","creator":"dernst","file_size":310655,"date_updated":"2021-01-25T07:48:39Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2020_SIAM_Fischer.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","checksum":"21aa1cf4c30a86a00cae15a984819b5d"}],"article_type":"original","external_id":{"isi":["000600695200027"]},"date_updated":"2023-08-24T11:15:16Z"},{"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"09","_id":"9040","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2708-7824"],"isbn":["9783854480426"]},"file":[{"success":1,"file_id":"9109","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2021-02-09T09:39:02Z","date_updated":"2021-02-09T09:39:02Z","file_size":990999,"content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"d616d549a0ade78606b16f8a9540820f","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2020_FMCAD_Alamdari.pdf"}],"page":"138-147","date_updated":"2021-02-09T09:39:59Z","date_published":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"conference":{"location":"Online Conference","start_date":"2020-09-21","end_date":"2020-09-24","name":" FMCAD: Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design"},"type":"conference","author":[{"first_name":"Par Alizadeh","last_name":"Alamdari","full_name":"Alamdari, Par Alizadeh"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-5588-8287","id":"463C8BC2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Avni","first_name":"Guy","full_name":"Avni, Guy"},{"last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2985-7724"},{"full_name":"Lukina, Anna","first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Lukina","id":"CBA4D1A8-0FE8-11E9-BDE6-07BFE5697425"}],"file_date_updated":"2021-02-09T09:39:02Z","publisher":"TU Wien Academic Press","ddc":["000"],"doi":"10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21","title":"Formal methods with a touch of magic","year":"2020","status":"public","acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under grant Z211-N23 (Wittgenstein Award).","oa_version":"Published Version","has_accepted_license":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Machine learning and formal methods have complimentary benefits and drawbacks. In this work, we address the controller-design problem with a combination of techniques from both fields. The use of black-box neural networks in deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) poses a challenge for such a combination. Instead of reasoning formally about the output of deep RL, which we call the wizard, we extract from it a decision-tree based model, which we refer to as the magic book. Using the extracted model as an intermediary, we are able to handle problems that are infeasible for either deep RL or formal methods by themselves. First, we suggest, for the first time, a synthesis procedure that is based on a magic book. We synthesize a stand-alone correct-by-design controller that enjoys the favorable performance of RL. Second, we incorporate a magic book in a bounded model checking (BMC) procedure. BMC allows us to find numerous traces of the plant under the control of the wizard, which a user can use to increase the trustworthiness of the wizard and direct further training."}],"publication_status":"published","project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize","grant_number":"Z211","_id":"25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"date_created":"2021-01-24T23:01:10Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","day":"21","scopus_import":"1","citation":{"apa":"Alamdari, P. A., Avni, G., Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Lukina, A. (2020). Formal methods with a touch of magic. In <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design</i> (pp. 138–147). Online Conference: TU Wien Academic Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21\">https://doi.org/10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21</a>","ieee":"P. A. Alamdari, G. Avni, T. A. Henzinger, and A. Lukina, “Formal methods with a touch of magic,” in <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design</i>, Online Conference, 2020, pp. 138–147.","chicago":"Alamdari, Par Alizadeh, Guy Avni, Thomas A Henzinger, and Anna Lukina. “Formal Methods with a Touch of Magic.” In <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design</i>, 138–47. TU Wien Academic Press, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21\">https://doi.org/10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21</a>.","mla":"Alamdari, Par Alizadeh, et al. “Formal Methods with a Touch of Magic.” <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design</i>, TU Wien Academic Press, 2020, pp. 138–47, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21\">10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21</a>.","ama":"Alamdari PA, Avni G, Henzinger TA, Lukina A. Formal methods with a touch of magic. In: <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design</i>. TU Wien Academic Press; 2020:138-147. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21\">10.34727/2020/isbn.978-3-85448-042-6_21</a>","ista":"Alamdari PA, Avni G, Henzinger TA, Lukina A. 2020. Formal methods with a touch of magic. Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design.  FMCAD: Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, 138–147.","short":"P.A. Alamdari, G. Avni, T.A. Henzinger, A. Lukina, in:, Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, TU Wien Academic Press, 2020, pp. 138–147."},"department":[{"_id":"ToHe"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design","oa":1},{"abstract":[{"text":"The fundamental and practical importance of particle stabilization has motivated various characterization methods for studying polymer brushes on particle surfaces. In this work, we show how one can perform sensitive measurements of neutral polymer coating on colloidal particles using a commercial zetameter and salt solutions. By systematically varying the Debye length, we study the mobility of the polymer-coated particles in an applied electric field and show that the electrophoretic mobility of polymer-coated particles normalized by the mobility of non-coated particles is entirely controlled by the polymer brush and independent of the native surface charge, here controlled with pH, or the surface–ion interaction. Our result is rationalized with a simple hydrodynamic model, allowing for the estimation of characteristics of the polymer coating: the brush length L, and the Brinkman length ξ, determined by its resistance to flows. We demonstrate that the Debye layer provides a convenient and faithful probe to the characterization of polymer coatings on particles. Because the method simply relies on a conventional zetameter, it is widely accessible and offers a practical tool to rapidly probe neutral polymer brushes, an asset in the development and utilization of polymer-coated colloidal particles.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","pmid":1,"extern":"1","date_created":"2021-02-01T13:45:11Z","volume":16,"intvolume":"        16","user_id":"D865714E-FA4E-11E9-B85B-F5C5E5697425","scopus_import":"1","day":"07","keyword":["General Chemistry","Condensed Matter Physics"],"citation":{"apa":"Youssef, M., Morin, A., Aubret, A., Sacanna, S., &#38; Palacci, J. A. (2020). Rapid characterization of neutral polymer brush with a conventional zetameter and a variable pinch of salt. <i>Soft Matter</i>. Royal Society of Chemistry . <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01850f\">https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01850f</a>","ieee":"M. Youssef, A. Morin, A. Aubret, S. Sacanna, and J. A. Palacci, “Rapid characterization of neutral polymer brush with a conventional zetameter and a variable pinch of salt,” <i>Soft Matter</i>, vol. 16, no. 17. Royal Society of Chemistry , pp. 4274–4282, 2020.","chicago":"Youssef, Mena, Alexandre Morin, Antoine Aubret, Stefano Sacanna, and Jérémie A Palacci. “Rapid Characterization of Neutral Polymer Brush with a Conventional Zetameter and a Variable Pinch of Salt.” <i>Soft Matter</i>. Royal Society of Chemistry , 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01850f\">https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01850f</a>.","mla":"Youssef, Mena, et al. “Rapid Characterization of Neutral Polymer Brush with a Conventional Zetameter and a Variable Pinch of Salt.” <i>Soft Matter</i>, vol. 16, no. 17, Royal Society of Chemistry , 2020, pp. 4274–82, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01850f\">10.1039/c9sm01850f</a>.","ama":"Youssef M, Morin A, Aubret A, Sacanna S, Palacci JA. Rapid characterization of neutral polymer brush with a conventional zetameter and a variable pinch of salt. <i>Soft Matter</i>. 2020;16(17):4274-4282. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01850f\">10.1039/c9sm01850f</a>","ista":"Youssef M, Morin A, Aubret A, Sacanna S, Palacci JA. 2020. Rapid characterization of neutral polymer brush with a conventional zetameter and a variable pinch of salt. Soft Matter. 16(17), 4274–4282.","short":"M. Youssef, A. Morin, A. Aubret, S. Sacanna, J.A. Palacci, Soft Matter 16 (2020) 4274–4282."},"publication":"Soft Matter","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"05","_id":"9054","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1744-683X"],"eissn":["1744-6848"]},"page":"4274-4282","issue":"17","date_updated":"2023-02-23T13:47:45Z","external_id":{"pmid":["32307507"]},"article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-05-07T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","author":[{"full_name":"Youssef, Mena","first_name":"Mena","last_name":"Youssef"},{"full_name":"Morin, Alexandre","last_name":"Morin","first_name":"Alexandre"},{"first_name":"Antoine","last_name":"Aubret","full_name":"Aubret, Antoine"},{"full_name":"Sacanna, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Sacanna"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-7253-9465","first_name":"Jérémie A","last_name":"Palacci","full_name":"Palacci, Jérémie A","id":"8fb92548-2b22-11eb-b7c1-a3f0d08d7c7d"}],"publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry ","doi":"10.1039/c9sm01850f","title":"Rapid characterization of neutral polymer brush with a conventional zetameter and a variable pinch of salt","year":"2020","status":"public","oa_version":"None"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"04","_id":"9059","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"],"eissn":["1476-4687"]},"issue":"7804","page":"487-490","date_updated":"2023-02-23T13:47:55Z","external_id":{"pmid":["32322078"]},"article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-04-23T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","author":[{"full_name":"Hueckel, Theodore","first_name":"Theodore","last_name":"Hueckel"},{"last_name":"Hocky","first_name":"Glen M.","full_name":"Hocky, Glen M."},{"orcid":"0000-0002-7253-9465","full_name":"Palacci, Jérémie A","first_name":"Jérémie A","last_name":"Palacci","id":"8fb92548-2b22-11eb-b7c1-a3f0d08d7c7d"},{"last_name":"Sacanna","first_name":"Stefano","full_name":"Sacanna, Stefano"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0","title":"Ionic solids from common colloids","status":"public","year":"2020","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"From rock salt to nanoparticle superlattices, complex structure can emerge from simple building blocks that attract each other through Coulombic forces1-4. On the micrometre scale, however, colloids in water defy the intuitively simple idea of forming crystals from oppositely charged partners, instead forming non-equilibrium structures such as clusters and gels5-7. Although various systems have been engineered to grow binary crystals8-11, native surface charge in aqueous conditions has not been used to assemble crystalline materials. Here we form ionic colloidal crystals in water through an approach that we refer to as polymer-attenuated Coulombic self-assembly. The key to crystallization is the use of a neutral polymer to keep particles separated by well defined distances, allowing us to tune the attractive overlap of electrical double layers, directing particles to disperse, crystallize or become permanently fixed on demand. The nucleation and growth of macroscopic single crystals is demonstrated by using the Debye screening length to fine-tune assembly. Using a variety of colloidal particles and commercial polymers, ionic colloidal crystals isostructural to caesium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminium diboride and K4C60 are selected according to particle size ratios. Once fixed by simply diluting out solution salts, crystals are pulled out of the water for further manipulation, demonstrating an accurate translation from solution-phase assembly to dried solid structures. In contrast to other assembly approaches, in which particles must be carefully engineered to encode binding information12-18, polymer-attenuated Coulombic self-assembly enables conventional colloids to be used as model colloidal ions, primed for crystallization. "}],"extern":"1","pmid":1,"date_created":"2021-02-02T13:30:50Z","intvolume":"       580","volume":580,"user_id":"D865714E-FA4E-11E9-B85B-F5C5E5697425","day":"23","scopus_import":"1","keyword":["Multidisciplinary"],"citation":{"apa":"Hueckel, T., Hocky, G. M., Palacci, J. A., &#38; Sacanna, S. (2020). Ionic solids from common colloids. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0</a>","ieee":"T. Hueckel, G. M. Hocky, J. A. Palacci, and S. Sacanna, “Ionic solids from common colloids,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 580, no. 7804. Springer Nature, pp. 487–490, 2020.","chicago":"Hueckel, Theodore, Glen M. Hocky, Jérémie A Palacci, and Stefano Sacanna. “Ionic Solids from Common Colloids.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0</a>.","mla":"Hueckel, Theodore, et al. “Ionic Solids from Common Colloids.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 580, no. 7804, Springer Nature, 2020, pp. 487–90, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0\">10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0</a>.","ista":"Hueckel T, Hocky GM, Palacci JA, Sacanna S. 2020. Ionic solids from common colloids. Nature. 580(7804), 487–490.","ama":"Hueckel T, Hocky GM, Palacci JA, Sacanna S. Ionic solids from common colloids. <i>Nature</i>. 2020;580(7804):487-490. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0\">10.1038/s41586-020-2205-0</a>","short":"T. Hueckel, G.M. Hocky, J.A. Palacci, S. Sacanna, Nature 580 (2020) 487–490."},"publication":"Nature"},{"oa_version":"Published Version","status":"public","year":"2020","title":"Size-dependent magnetic and magnetothermal properties of gadolinium silicide nanoparticles","doi":"10.1039/d0ra05394e","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e","open_access":"1"}],"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-2111-4846","id":"32c21954-2022-11eb-9d5f-af9f93c24e71","full_name":"Nauman, Muhammad","first_name":"Muhammad","last_name":"Nauman"},{"last_name":"Alnasir","first_name":"Muhammad Hisham","full_name":"Alnasir, Muhammad Hisham"},{"full_name":"Hamayun, Muhammad Asif","last_name":"Hamayun","first_name":"Muhammad Asif"},{"full_name":"Wang, YiXu","last_name":"Wang","first_name":"YiXu"},{"last_name":"Shatruk","first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Shatruk, Michael"},{"full_name":"Manzoor, Sadia","last_name":"Manzoor","first_name":"Sadia"}],"type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2020-07-29T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","date_updated":"2021-02-04T07:16:37Z","issue":"47","page":"28383-28389","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2046-2069"]},"_id":"9067","month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","oa":1,"publication":"RSC Advances","citation":{"ama":"Nauman M, Alnasir MH, Hamayun MA, Wang Y, Shatruk M, Manzoor S. Size-dependent magnetic and magnetothermal properties of gadolinium silicide nanoparticles. <i>RSC Advances</i>. 2020;10(47):28383-28389. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e\">10.1039/d0ra05394e</a>","ista":"Nauman M, Alnasir MH, Hamayun MA, Wang Y, Shatruk M, Manzoor S. 2020. Size-dependent magnetic and magnetothermal properties of gadolinium silicide nanoparticles. RSC Advances. 10(47), 28383–28389.","short":"M. Nauman, M.H. Alnasir, M.A. Hamayun, Y. Wang, M. Shatruk, S. Manzoor, RSC Advances 10 (2020) 28383–28389.","apa":"Nauman, M., Alnasir, M. H., Hamayun, M. A., Wang, Y., Shatruk, M., &#38; Manzoor, S. (2020). Size-dependent magnetic and magnetothermal properties of gadolinium silicide nanoparticles. <i>RSC Advances</i>. Royal Society of Chemistry. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e\">https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e</a>","ieee":"M. Nauman, M. H. Alnasir, M. A. Hamayun, Y. Wang, M. Shatruk, and S. Manzoor, “Size-dependent magnetic and magnetothermal properties of gadolinium silicide nanoparticles,” <i>RSC Advances</i>, vol. 10, no. 47. Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 28383–28389, 2020.","chicago":"Nauman, Muhammad, Muhammad Hisham Alnasir, Muhammad Asif Hamayun, YiXu Wang, Michael Shatruk, and Sadia Manzoor. “Size-Dependent Magnetic and Magnetothermal Properties of Gadolinium Silicide Nanoparticles.” <i>RSC Advances</i>. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e\">https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e</a>.","mla":"Nauman, Muhammad, et al. “Size-Dependent Magnetic and Magnetothermal Properties of Gadolinium Silicide Nanoparticles.” <i>RSC Advances</i>, vol. 10, no. 47, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020, pp. 28383–89, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05394e\">10.1039/d0ra05394e</a>."},"keyword":["General Chemistry","General Chemical Engineering"],"day":"29","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":"        10","volume":10,"date_created":"2021-02-02T15:51:23Z","extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Gadolinium silicide (Gd5Si4) nanoparticles are an interesting class of materials due to their high magnetization, low Curie temperature, low toxicity in biological environments and their multifunctional properties. We report the magnetic and magnetothermal properties of gadolinium silicide (Gd5Si4) nanoparticles prepared by surfactant-assisted ball milling of arc melted bulk ingots of the compound. Using different milling times and speeds, a wide range of crystallite sizes (13–43 nm) could be produced and a reduction in Curie temperature (TC) from 340 K to 317 K was achieved, making these nanoparticles suitable for self-controlled magnetic hyperthermia applications. The magnetothermal effect was measured in applied AC magnetic fields of amplitude 164–239 Oe and frequencies 163–519 kHz. All particles showed magnetic heating with a strong dependence of the specific absorption rate (SAR) on the average crystallite size. The highest SAR of 3.7 W g−1 was measured for 43 nm sized nanoparticles of Gd5Si4. The high SAR and low TC, (within the therapeutic range for magnetothermal therapy) makes the Gd5Si4 behave like self-regulating heat switches that would be suitable for self-controlled magnetic hyperthermia applications after biocompatibility and cytotoxicity tests.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published"},{"type":"journal_article","day":"15","author":[{"full_name":"Hussain, Tayyaba","first_name":"Tayyaba","last_name":"Hussain"},{"id":"32c21954-2022-11eb-9d5f-af9f93c24e71","last_name":"Nauman","first_name":"Muhammad","full_name":"Nauman, Muhammad","orcid":"0000-0002-2111-4846"},{"last_name":"Sabahat","first_name":"Sana","full_name":"Sabahat, Sana"},{"first_name":"Saira","last_name":"Arif","full_name":"Arif, Saira"}],"keyword":["Electronic","Optical and Magnetic Materials","Surfaces","Coatings and Films","Polymers and Plastics","Metals and Alloys","Biomaterials"],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","citation":{"chicago":"Hussain, Tayyaba, Muhammad Nauman, Sana Sabahat, and Saira Arif. “Synthesis of Ternary Electrocatalysts for Exploration of Methanol Electro-Oxidation in Alkaline Media.” <i>Materials Research Express</i>. IOP Publishing, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886\">https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886</a>.","mla":"Hussain, Tayyaba, et al. “Synthesis of Ternary Electrocatalysts for Exploration of Methanol Electro-Oxidation in Alkaline Media.” <i>Materials Research Express</i>, vol. 6, no. 12, 1250g6, IOP Publishing, 2020, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886\">10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886</a>.","apa":"Hussain, T., Nauman, M., Sabahat, S., &#38; Arif, S. (2020). Synthesis of ternary electrocatalysts for exploration of methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. <i>Materials Research Express</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886\">https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886</a>","ieee":"T. Hussain, M. Nauman, S. Sabahat, and S. Arif, “Synthesis of ternary electrocatalysts for exploration of methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media,” <i>Materials Research Express</i>, vol. 6, no. 12. IOP Publishing, 2020.","ista":"Hussain T, Nauman M, Sabahat S, Arif S. 2020. Synthesis of ternary electrocatalysts for exploration of methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. Materials Research Express. 6(12), 1250g6.","ama":"Hussain T, Nauman M, Sabahat S, Arif S. Synthesis of ternary electrocatalysts for exploration of methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. <i>Materials Research Express</i>. 2020;6(12). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886\">10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886</a>","short":"T. Hussain, M. Nauman, S. Sabahat, S. Arif, Materials Research Express 6 (2020)."},"doi":"10.1088/2053-1591/ab6886","status":"public","publication":"Materials Research Express","title":"Synthesis of ternary electrocatalysts for exploration of methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media","year":"2020","oa_version":"None","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"In the quest for alternate and efficient electrode materials, ternary metal electrocatalysts (TMEs), part of the perovskite family, were synthesized and tested for methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. La0.5Ca0.5MO3 (M = Ni, Co, or Mn) was synthesized via sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the perovskite crystal structure possesses characteristic sharp and crystalline peaks for all synthesized ternary electrocatalysts. The average particle size calculated using Debye–Scherrer equation was in the order of La0.5Ca0.5NiO3 (LCNO) > La0.5Ca0.5CoO3 (LCCO)> La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 (LCMO). The elemental composition of as prepared sample, LCCO was investigated via x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The qualitative and quantitative analysis revealed the presence of La, Ca and Co in parent crystal structure with percentage compositions of 9.0, 3.12 and 87.82% respectively. The particle size distribution was homogenous, as determined by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopes. The electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized ternary electrocatalysts was studied electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry. The calculated diffusion coefficient values showed that electrode surface of LCNO and LCCO have limited efficiency for diffusion related phenomenon. The heterogeneous rate constants inferred better electrode kinetics of LCCO and LCNO which exhibited good electrocatalytic behavior; sharp anodic peaks were observed in the potential range of +0.3 to 0.6 V and +0.6 to 0.8 V, respectively. Methanol electro-oxidation was found minimal in case of LCMO sample. We have observed that Co substitution at B-site of perovskite electrode materials attains better electrochemical properties, thus in relation with reported literature.","lang":"eng"}],"month":"01","_id":"9069","article_number":"1250g6","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2053-1591"]},"extern":"1","issue":"12","date_updated":"2021-02-04T07:21:35Z","article_type":"original","date_published":"2020-01-15T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2021-02-02T15:53:57Z","quality_controlled":"1","intvolume":"         6","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":6,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"_id":"9096","editor":[{"first_name":"C","last_name":"Starr","full_name":"Starr, C"}],"publication_status":"published","month":"02","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783319903064"]},"date_updated":"2021-02-05T12:19:21Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2021-02-05T12:15:18Z","date_published":"2020-02-22T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","day":"22","type":"book_chapter","author":[{"full_name":"Schmid-Hempel, Paul","last_name":"Schmid-Hempel","first_name":"Paul"},{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia M","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"year":"2020","title":"Parasites and Pathogens","status":"public","publication":"Encyclopedia of Social Insects","place":"Cham","citation":{"apa":"Schmid-Hempel, P., &#38; Cremer, S. (2020). Parasites and Pathogens. In C. Starr (Ed.), <i>Encyclopedia of Social Insects</i>. Cham: Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1</a>","ieee":"P. Schmid-Hempel and S. Cremer, “Parasites and Pathogens,” in <i>Encyclopedia of Social Insects</i>, C. Starr, Ed. Cham: Springer Nature, 2020.","chicago":"Schmid-Hempel, Paul, and Sylvia Cremer. “Parasites and Pathogens.” In <i>Encyclopedia of Social Insects</i>, edited by C Starr. Cham: Springer Nature, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1</a>.","mla":"Schmid-Hempel, Paul, and Sylvia Cremer. “Parasites and Pathogens.” <i>Encyclopedia of Social Insects</i>, edited by C Starr, Springer Nature, 2020, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1</a>.","ista":"Schmid-Hempel P, Cremer S. 2020.Parasites and Pathogens. In: Encyclopedia of Social Insects. .","ama":"Schmid-Hempel P, Cremer S. Parasites and Pathogens. In: Starr C, ed. <i>Encyclopedia of Social Insects</i>. Cham: Springer Nature; 2020. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1</a>","short":"P. Schmid-Hempel, S. Cremer, in:, C. Starr (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Social Insects, Springer Nature, Cham, 2020."},"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_94-1","publisher":"Springer Nature","oa_version":"None"}]