@article{1461,
  abstract     = {This note proves combinatorially that the intersection pairing on the middle-dimensional compactly supported cohomology of a toric hyperkähler variety is always definite, providing a large number of non-trivial L 2 harmonic forms for toric hyperkähler metrics on these varieties. This is motivated by a result of Hitchin about the definiteness of the pairing of L 2 harmonic forms on complete hyperkähler manifolds of linear growth.},
  author       = {Tamas Hausel and Swartz, Edward},
  journal      = {Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {2403 -- 2409},
  publisher    = {American Mathematical Society},
  title        = {{Intersection forms of toric hyperkähler varieties}},
  doi          = {10.1090/S0002-9939-06-08248-7},
  volume       = {134},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{1462,
  abstract     = {A Fourier transform technique is introduced for counting the number of solutions of holomorphic moment map equations over a finite field. This technique in turn gives information on Betti numbers of holomorphic symplectic quotients. As a consequence, simple unified proofs are obtained for formulas of Poincaré polynomials of toric hyperkähler varieties (recovering results of Bielawski-Dancer and Hausel-Sturmfels), Poincaré polynomials of Hubert schemes of points and twisted Atiyah-Drinfeld-Hitchin-Manin (ADHM) spaces of instantons on ℂ2 (recovering results of Nakajima-Yoshioka), and Poincaré polynomials of all Nakajima quiver varieties. As an application, a proof of a conjecture of Kac on the number of absolutely indecomposable representations of a quiver is announced.},
  author       = {Tamas Hausel},
  journal      = {PNAS},
  number       = {16},
  pages        = {6120 -- 6124},
  publisher    = {National Academy of Sciences},
  title        = {{Betti numbers of holomorphic symplectic quotients via arithmetic Fourier transform}},
  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.0601337103},
  volume       = {103},
  year         = {2006},
}

@unpublished{573,
  abstract     = {Mitchison and Jozsa recently suggested that the "chained-Zeno" counterfactual computation protocol recently proposed by Hosten et al. is counterfactual for only one output of the computer. This claim was based on the existing abstract algebraic definition of counterfactual computation, and indeed according to this definition, their argument is correct. However, a more general definition (physically adequate) for counterfactual computation is implicitly assumed by Hosten et. al. Here we explain in detail why the protocol is counterfactual and how the "history tracking" method of the existing description inadequately represents the physics underlying the protocol. Consequently, we propose a modified definition of counterfactual computation. Finally, we comment on one of the most interesting aspects of the error-correcting protocol. },
  author       = {Hosten, Onur and Rakher, Matthew and Barreiro, Julio and Peters, Nicholas and Kwiat, Paul},
  pages        = {12},
  publisher    = {ArXiv},
  title        = {{Counterfactual computation revisited}},
  year         = {2006},
}

@unpublished{574,
  abstract     = {Vaidman, in a recent article adopts the method of 'quantum weak measurements in pre- and postselected ensembles' to ascertain whether or not the chained-Zeno counterfactual computation scheme proposed by Hosten et al. is counterfactual; which has been the topic of a debate on the definition of counterfactuality. We disagree with his conclusion, which brings up some interesting aspects of quantum weak measurements and some concerns about the way they are interpreted. },
  author       = {Hosten, Onur and Kwiat, Paul},
  pages        = {2},
  publisher    = {ArXiv},
  title        = {{Weak measurements and counterfactual computation}},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{577,
  abstract     = {Visible light photon counters (VLPCs) and solid-state photomultipliers (SSPMs) are high-efficiency single-photon detectors which have multi-photon counting capability. While both the VLPCs and the SSPMs have inferred internal quantum efficiencies above 93%, the actual measured values for both the detectors were in fact limited to less than 88%, attributed to in-coupling losses. We are currently improving this overall detection efficiency via a) custom anti-reflection coating the detectors and the in-coupling fibers, b) implementing a novel cryogenic design to reduce transmission losses and, c) using low-noise electronics to obtain a better signal-to-noise ratio.},
  author       = {Rangarajan, Radhika and Altepeter, Joseph B and Jeffrey, Evan R and Stoutimore, Micah J and Peters, Nicholas A and Onur Hosten and Kwiat, Paul G},
  publisher    = {SPIE},
  title        = {{High-efficiency single-photon detectors}},
  doi          = {10.1117/12.686117},
  volume       = {6372},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{578,
  abstract     = {A source of single photons allows secure quantum key distribution, in addition, to being a critical resource for linear optics quantum computing. We describe our progress on deterministically creating single photons from spontaneous parametric downconversion, an extension of the Pittman, Jacobs and Franson scheme [Phys. Rev A, v66, 042303 (2002)]. Their idea was to conditionally prepare single photons by measuring one member of a spontaneously emitted photon pair and storing the remaining conditionally prepared photon until a predetermined time, when it would be "deterministically" released from storage. Our approach attempts to improve upon this by recycling the pump pulse in order to decrease the possibility of multiple-pair generation, while maintaining a high probability of producing a single pair. Many of the challenges we discuss are central to other quantum information technologies, including the need for low-loss optical storage, switching and detection, and fast feed-forward control.},
  author       = {Peters, Nicholas A and Arnold, Keith J and VanDevender, Aaron P and Jeffrey, Evan R and Rangarajan, Radhika and Onur Hosten and Barreiro, Julio T and Altepeter, Joseph B and Kwiat, Paul G},
  publisher    = {SPIE},
  title        = {{Towards a quasi-deterministic single-photon source}},
  doi          = {10.1117/12.684702},
  volume       = {6305},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{579,
  abstract     = {The logic underlying the coherent nature of quantum information processing often deviates from intuitive reasoning, leading to surprising effects. Counterfactual computation constitutes a striking example: the potential outcome of a quantum computation can be inferred, even if the computer is not run 1. Relying on similar arguments to interaction-free measurements 2 (or quantum interrogation3), counterfactual computation is accomplished by putting the computer in a superposition of 'running' and 'not running' states, and then interfering the two histories. Conditional on the as-yet-unknown outcome of the computation, it is sometimes possible to counterfactually infer information about the solution. Here we demonstrate counterfactual computation, implementing Grover's search algorithm with an all-optical approach4. It was believed that the overall probability of such counterfactual inference is intrinsically limited1,5, so that it could not perform better on average than random guesses. However, using a novel 'chained' version of the quantum Zeno effect6, we show how to boost the counterfactual inference probability to unity, thereby beating the random guessing limit. Our methods are general and apply to any physical system, as illustrated by a discussion of trapped-ion systems. Finally, we briefly show that, in certain circumstances, counterfactual computation can eliminate errors induced by decoherence. },
  author       = {Onur Hosten and Rakher, Matthew T and Barreiro, Julio T and Peters, Nicholas A and Kwiat, Paul G},
  journal      = {Nature},
  number       = {7079},
  pages        = {949 -- 952},
  publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
  title        = {{Counterfactual quantum computation through quantum interrogation}},
  doi          = {10.1038/nature04523},
  volume       = {439},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{583,
  abstract     = {Visible light photon counters (VLPCs) and solid-state photomultipliers (SSPMs) facilitate efficient single-photon detection. We are attempting to improve their efficiency, previously limited to < 88% by coupling losses, via anti-reflection coatings, better electronics and cryogenics.},
  author       = {Rangarajan, Radhika and Peters, Nicholas A and Onur Hosten and Altepeter, Joseph B and Jeffrey, Evan R and Kwiat, Paul G},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  title        = {{Improved single-photon detection}},
  doi          = {10.1109/CLEO.2006.4628641},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{6151,
  author       = {Salecker, Iris and Häusser, Michael and de Bono, Mario},
  issn         = {1469-221X},
  journal      = {EMBO reports},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {585--589},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{On the axonal road to circuit function and behaviour: Workshop on the assembly and function of neuronal circuits}},
  doi          = {10.1038/sj.embor.7400713},
  volume       = {7},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{6152,
  author       = {Rogers, Candida and Persson, Annelie and Cheung, Benny and de Bono, Mario},
  issn         = {0960-9822},
  journal      = {Current Biology},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {649--659},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Behavioral motifs and neural pathways coordinating O2 responses and aggregation in C. elegans}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.cub.2006.03.023},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{1033,
  abstract     = {Systems of three interacting particles are notorious for their complex physical behaviour. A landmark theoretical result in few-body quantum physics is Efimov\'s prediction1,2 of a universal set of bound trimer states appearing for three identical bosons with a resonant two-body interaction. Counterintuitively, these states even exist in the absence of a corresponding two-body bound state. Since the formulation of Efimov\'s problem in the context of nuclear physics 35 years ago, it has attracted great interest in many areas of physics3-8. However, the observation of Efimov quantum states has remained an elusive goal3,5. Here we report the observation of an Efimov resonance in an ultracold gas of caesium atoms. The resonance occurs in the range of large negative two-body scattering lengths, arising from the coupling of three free atoms to an Efimov trimer. Experimentally, we observe its signature as a giant three-body recombination loss9,10 when the strength of the two-body interaction is varied. We also detect a minimum 9,11,12 in the recombination loss for positive scattering lengths, indicating destructive interference of decay pathways. Our results confirm central theoretical predictions of Efimov physics and represent a starting point with which to explore the universal properties of resonantly interacting few-body systems7. While Feshbach resonances13,14 have provided the key to control quantum-mechanical interactions on the two-body level, Efimov resonances connect ultracold matter15 to the world of few-body quantum phenomena.},
  author       = {Kraemer, Tobias and Mark, Michael and Waldburger, Philipp and Danzl, Johann G and Chin, Cheng and Engeser, Bastian and Lange, Adam and Pilch, Karl and Jaakkola, Antti and Nägerl, Hanns and Grimm, Rudolf},
  journal      = {Nature},
  number       = {7082},
  pages        = {315 -- 318},
  publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
  title        = {{Evidence for Efimov quantum states in an ultracold gas of caesium atoms}},
  doi          = {10.1038/nature04626},
  volume       = {440},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{1034,
  abstract     = {Three interacting particles form a system which is well known for its complex physical behavior. A landmark theoretical result in few-body quantum physics is Efimov\'s prediction of a universal set of weakly bound trimer states appearing for three identical bosons with a resonant two-body interaction [1, 2]. Surprisingly, these states even exist in the absence of a corresponding two-body bound state and their precise nature is largely independent of the particular type of the two-body interaction potential. Efimov\'s scenario has attracted great interest in many areas of physics; an experimental test however has not been achieved. We report the observation of an Efimov resonance in an ultracold thermal gas of cesium atoms [3]. The resonance occurs in the range of large negative two-body scattering lengths and arises from the coupling of three free atoms to an Efimov trimer. We observe its signature as a giant three-body recombination loss when the strength of the two-body interaction is varied near a Feshbach resonance. This resonance develops into a continuum resonance at non-zero collision energies, and we observe a shift of the resonance position as a function of temperature. We also report on a minimum in the recombination loss for positive scattering lengths, indicating destructive interference of decay pathways. Our results confirm central theoretical predictions of Efimov physics and represent a starting point from which to explore the universal properties of resonantly interacting few-body systems.},
  author       = {Nägerl, Hanns and Kraemer, Tobias and Mark, Michael and Waldburger, Philipp and Danzl, Johann G and Engeser, Bastian and Lange, Adam and Pilch, Karl and Jaakkola, Antti and Chin, Cheng and Grimm, Rudolf},
  pages        = {269 -- 277},
  publisher    = {AIP},
  title        = {{Experimental evidence for Efimov quantum states}},
  doi          = {10.1063/1.2400657},
  volume       = {869},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{9505,
  abstract     = {Cytosine methylation, a common form of DNA modification that antagonizes transcription, is found at transposons and repeats in vertebrates, plants and fungi. Here we have mapped DNA methylation in the entire Arabidopsis thaliana genome at high resolution. DNA methylation covers transposons and is present within a large fraction of A. thaliana genes. Methylation within genes is conspicuously biased away from gene ends, suggesting a dependence on RNA polymerase transit. Genic methylation is strongly influenced by transcription: moderately transcribed genes are most likely to be methylated, whereas genes at either extreme are least likely. In turn, transcription is influenced by methylation: short methylated genes are poorly expressed, and loss of methylation in the body of a gene leads to enhanced transcription. Our results indicate that genic transcription and DNA methylation are closely interwoven processes.},
  author       = {Zilberman, Daniel and Gehring, Mary and Tran, Robert K. and Ballinger, Tracy and Henikoff, Steven},
  issn         = {1546-1718},
  journal      = {Nature Genetics},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {61--69},
  publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
  title        = {{Genome-wide analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana DNA methylation uncovers an interdependence between methylation and transcription}},
  doi          = {10.1038/ng1929},
  volume       = {39},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{11117,
  abstract     = {Over the last years it has become evident that the nuclear envelope (NE) is more than a passive membrane barrier that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The NE not only controls the trafficking of macromolecules between the nucleoplasm and the cytosol, but also provides anchoring sites for chromosomes and cytoskeleton to the nuclear periphery. Targeting of chromatin to the NE might actually be part of gene expression regulation in eukaryotes. Mutations in certain NE proteins are associated with a diversity of human diseases, including muscular dystrophy, neuropathy, lipodistrophy, torsion dystonia and the premature aging condition progeria. Despite the importance of the NE for cell division and differentiation, relatively little is known about its biogenesis and its role in human diseases. It is our goal to provide a comprehensive view of the NE and to discuss possible implications of NE-associated changes for gene expression, chromatin organization and signal transduction.},
  author       = {D’Angelo, M. A. and HETZER, Martin W},
  issn         = {1420-9071},
  journal      = {Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences},
  keywords     = {Cell Biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {316--332},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{The role of the nuclear envelope in cellular organization}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00018-005-5361-3},
  volume       = {63},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{11118,
  abstract     = {Nuclear pore complexes are multiprotein channels that span the double lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope. How new pores are inserted into the intact nuclear envelope of proliferating and differentiating eukaryotic cells is unknown. We found that the Nup107-160 complex was incorporated into assembly sites in the nuclear envelope from both the nucleoplasmic and the cytoplasmic sides. Nuclear pore insertion required the generation of Ran guanosine triphosphate in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Newly formed nuclear pore complexes did not contain structural components of preexisting pores, suggesting that they can form de novo.},
  author       = {D'Angelo, Maximiliano A. and Anderson, Daniel J. and Richard, Erin and HETZER, Martin W},
  issn         = {0036-8075},
  journal      = {Science},
  keywords     = {Multidisciplinary},
  number       = {5772},
  pages        = {440--443},
  publisher    = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
  title        = {{Nuclear pores form de novo from both sides of the nuclear envelope}},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.1124196},
  volume       = {312},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inbook{11119,
  author       = {Harris, J. Robin and Almouzni, Geneviève and Kirschner, Doris and Dimitrova, Daniela and Nickerson, Jeffrey A. and Underwood, Jean and Wagner, Stefan and Korbei, Barbara and Foisner, Roland and Walther, Tobias C. and HETZER, Martin W and Peters, Reiner and Walev, Ivan and de Kroon, Anton I. P. M. and Staffhorst, Rutger W. H. M. and de Kruijff, Ben and Burger, Koert N. J. and Netto, Luis Eduardo Soares and Bertrand, Eric and Alimonti, Judie B. and Greenberg, Arnold H. and Xiao, Jinnan and Pradhan, Anuradha and Liu, Yuechueng and Paiement, Jacques and Young, Robin and Goñi, Félix M. and Villar, Ana-Victoria and Contreras, F.-Xabier and Alonso, Alicia and Peter, Brian J. and Mills, Ian G. and Higgins, Matthew K. and Brown, William J. and Chambers, K. and Doody, A. and Cheng, C. Yan and Mruk, Dolores D. and Yang, Chunhong and Kirchhoff, Helmut and Haase, Winfried and Boggasch, Stephanie and Paulsen, Harald and Benesova, Julie and Liffers, Sven-T. and Rögner, Matthias and Gao, Ya-sheng and Sztul, Elizabeth and Thiemann, Meinolf and Fahimi, H. Dariush and Gniadecki, Robert and Gajkowska, Barbara and Bane, Susan L. and Hess, John F. and Voss, John C. and Fitzgerald, Paul G. and Hisanaga, Shin-ichi and Sasaki, Takahiro and Uéda, Kenji and Town, Terrence and Tan, Jun and Milton, Nathaniel G. N. and Chi, Richard and Keller, Thomas C. S. and Kriajevska, Marina and Bronstein, Igor and Lukanidin, Eugene and Holmes, David F. and Kadler, Karl E.},
  booktitle    = {Cell Biology Protocols},
  editor       = {Harris, Robin and Graham, John and Rickwood, David},
  isbn         = {9780470847589 },
  pages        = {201--378},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{In Vitro Techniques}},
  doi          = {10.1002/0470033487.ch6},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{11929,
  abstract     = {Broder et al.'s [3] shingling algorithm and Charikar's [4] random projection based approach are considered "state-of-the-art" algorithms for finding near-duplicate web pages. Both algorithms were either developed at or used by popular web search engines. We compare the two algorithms on a very large scale, namely on a set of 1.6B distinct web pages. The results show that neither of the algorithms works well for finding near-duplicate pairs on the same site, while both achieve high precision for near-duplicate pairs on different sites. Since Charikar's algorithm finds more near-duplicate pairs on different sites, it achieves a better precision overall, namely 0.50 versus 0.38 for Broder et al.'s algorithm. We present a combined algorithm which achieves precision 0.79 with 79% of the recall of the other algorithms.},
  author       = {Henzinger, Monika H},
  booktitle    = {29th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval},
  location     = {Seattle, WA, United States},
  pages        = {284--291},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{Finding near-duplicate web pages: A large-scale evaluation of algorithms}},
  doi          = {10.1145/1148170.1148222},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{2077,
  abstract     = {We present an adaptive animation method for electrical discharges. Electrical discharges can be simulated using the dielectric breakdown model. Regular discretization of the governing Laplace equation leads to huge equation systems, and the computational cost of solving the equations quickly becomes prohibitive at high resolutions, especially for simulations in 3D. In contrast, our method discretizes the Laplace equation on an adaptive octree, reducing the size of the problem significantly, and making simulations of high resolution 3D datasets and even 3D animations feasible. In order to enhance realism for lightning animations, we propose a particle simulation that animates the residual positive charge. Thus, interaction of electrical discharges with their surroundings
can be simulated.},
  author       = {Bernd Bickel and Wicke, Martin and Gross, Markus},
  publisher    = {IOS Press},
  title        = {{Adaptive simulation of electrical discharges}},
  year         = {2006},
}

@inproceedings{2088,
  abstract     = {We have measured 3D face geometry, skin reflectance, and subsurface scattering using custom-built devices for 149 subjects of varying age, gender, and race. We developed a novel skin reflectance model whose parameters can be estimated from measurements. The model decomposes the large amount of measured skin data into a spatially-varying analytic BRDF, a diffuse albedo map, and diffuse subsurface scattering. Our model is intuitive, physically plausible, and - since we do not use the original measured data - easy to edit as well. High-quality renderings come close to reproducing real photographs. The analysis of the model parameters for our sample population reveals variations according to subject age, gender, skin type, and external factors (e.g., sweat, cold, or makeup). Using our statistics, a user can edit the overall appearance of a face (e.g., changing skin type and age) or change small-scale features using texture synthesis (e.g., adding moles and freckles). We are making the collected statistics publicly available to the research community for applications in face synthesis and analysis. },
  author       = {Weyrich, Tim and Matusik, Wojciech and Pfister, Hanspeter and Bernd Bickel and Donner, Craig and Tu, Chien and McAndless, Janet M and Lee, Jinho and Ngan, Addy and Jensen, Henrik W and Groß, Markus S},
  pages        = {1013 -- 1024},
  publisher    = {ACM},
  title        = {{Analysis of human faces using a measurement-based skin reflectance model}},
  doi          = {10.1145/1179352.1141987},
  year         = {2006},
}

@article{2089,
  abstract     = {We have measured 3D face geometry, skin reflectance, and subsurface scattering using custom-built devices for 149 subjects of varying age, gender, and race. We developed a novel skin reflectance model whose parameters can be estimated from measurements. The model decomposes the large amount of measured skin data into a spatially-varying analytic BRDF, a diffuse albedo map, and diffuse subsurface scattering. Our model is intuitive, physically plausible, and - since we do not use the original measured data - easy to edit as well. High-quality renderings come close to reproducing real photographs. The analysis of the model parameters for our sample population reveals variations according to subject age, gender, skin type, and external factors (e.g., sweat, cold, or makeup). Using our statistics, a user can edit the overall appearance of a face (e.g., changing skin type and age) or change small-scale features using texture synthesis (e.g., adding moles and freckles). We are making the collected statistics publicly available to the research community for applications in face synthesis and analysis.},
  author       = {Weyrich, Tim and Matusik, Wojciech and Pfister, Hanspeter and Bernd Bickel and Donner, Craig and Tu, Chien and McAndless, Janet M and Lee, Jinho and Ngan, Addy and Jensen, Henrik W and Groß, Markus S},
  journal      = {ACM Transactions on Graphics},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {1013 -- 1024},
  publisher    = {ACM},
  title        = {{Analysis of human faces using a measurement-based skin reflectance model}},
  doi          = {10.1145/1141911.1141987},
  volume       = {25},
  year         = {2006},
}