@article{11858,
  abstract     = {This paper is a continuation of Part I of this project, where we developed a new local well-posedness theory for nonlinear stochastic PDEs with Gaussian noise. In the current Part II we consider blow-up criteria and regularization phenomena. As in Part I we can allow nonlinearities with polynomial growth and rough initial values from critical spaces. In the first main result we obtain several new blow-up criteria for quasi- and semilinear stochastic evolution equations. In particular, for semilinear equations we obtain a Serrin type blow-up criterium, which extends a recent result of Prüss–Simonett–Wilke (J Differ Equ 264(3):2028–2074, 2018) to the stochastic setting. Blow-up criteria can be used to prove global well-posedness for SPDEs. As in Part I, maximal regularity techniques and weights in time play a central role in the proofs. Our second contribution is a new method to bootstrap Sobolev and Hölder regularity in time and space, which does not require smoothness of the initial data. The blow-up criteria are at the basis of these new methods. Moreover, in applications the bootstrap results can be combined with our blow-up criteria, to obtain efficient ways to prove global existence. This gives new results even in classical 𝐿2-settings, which we illustrate for a concrete SPDE. In future works in preparation we apply the results of the current paper to obtain global well-posedness results and regularity for several concrete SPDEs. These include stochastic Navier–Stokes equations, reaction– diffusion equations and the Allen–Cahn equation. Our setting allows to put these SPDEs into a more flexible framework, where less restrictions on the nonlinearities are needed, and we are able to treat rough initial values from critical spaces. Moreover, we will obtain higher-order regularity results.},
  author       = {Agresti, Antonio and Veraar, Mark},
  issn         = {1424-3202},
  journal      = {Journal of Evolution Equations},
  keywords     = {Mathematics (miscellaneous)},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Nonlinear parabolic stochastic evolution equations in critical spaces part II}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00028-022-00786-7},
  volume       = {22},
  year         = {2022},
}

@phdthesis{11879,
  abstract     = {As the overall global mean surface temperature is increasing due to climate change, plant
adaptation to those stressful conditions is of utmost importance for their survival. Plants are
sessile organisms, thus to compensate for their lack of mobility, they evolved a variety of
mechanisms enabling them to flexibly adjust their physiological, growth and developmental
processes to fluctuating temperatures and to survive in harsh environments. While these unique
adaptation abilities provide an important evolutionary advantage, overall modulation of plant
growth and developmental program due to non-optimal temperature negatively affects biomass
production, crop productivity or sensitivity to pathogens. Thus, understanding molecular
processes underlying plant adaptation to increased temperature can provide important
resources for breeding strategies to ensure sufficient agricultural food production.
An increase in ambient temperature by a few degrees leads to profound changes in organ growth
including enhanced hypocotyl elongation, expansion of petioles, hyponastic growth of leaves and
cotyledons, collectively named thermomorphogenesis (Casal & Balasubramanian, 2019). Auxin,
one of the best-studied growth hormones, plays an essential role in this process by direct
activation of transcriptional and non-transcriptional processes resulting in elongation growth
(Majda & Robert, 2018).To modulate hypocotyl growth in response to high ambient temperature
(hAT), auxin needs to be redistributed accordingly. PINs, auxin efflux transporters, are key
components of the polar auxin transport (PAT) machinery, which controls the amount and
direction of auxin translocated in the plant tissues and organs(Adamowski & Friml, 2015). Hence,
PIN-mediated transport is tightly linked with thermo-morphogenesis, and interference with PAT
through either chemical or genetic means dramatically affecting the adaptive responses to hAT.
Intriguingly, despite the key role of PIN mediated transport in growth response to hAT, whether
and how PINs at the level of expression adapt to fluctuation in temperature is scarcely
understood.
With genetic, molecular and advanced bio-imaging approaches, we demonstrate the role of PIN
auxin transporters in the regulation of hypocotyl growth in response to hAT. We show that via
adjustment of PIN3, PIN4 and PIN7 expression in cotyledons and hypocotyls, auxin distribution is modulated thereby determining elongation pattern of epidermal cells at hAT. Furthermore, we
identified three Zinc-Finger (ZF) transcription factors as novel molecular components of the
thermo-regulatory network, which through negative regulation of PIN transcription adjust the
transport of auxin at hAT. Our results suggest that the ZF-PIN module might be a part of the
negative feedback loop attenuating the activity of the thermo-sensing pathway to restrain
exaggerated growth and developmental responses to hAT.},
  author       = {Artner, Christina},
  isbn         = {978-3-99078-022-0},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  keywords     = {high ambient temperature, auxin, PINs, Zinc-Finger proteins, thermomorphogenesis, stress},
  pages        = {128},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Modulation of auxin transport via ZF proteins adjust plant response to high ambient temperature}},
  doi          = {10.15479/at:ista:11879},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11916,
  abstract     = {A domain is called Kac regular for a quadratic form on L2 if every functions vanishing almost everywhere outside the domain can be approximated in form norm by functions with compact support in the domain. It is shown that this notion is stable under domination of quadratic forms. As applications measure perturbations of quasi-regular Dirichlet forms, Cheeger energies on metric measure spaces and Schrödinger operators on manifolds are studied. Along the way a characterization of the Sobolev space with Dirichlet boundary conditions on domains in infinitesimally Riemannian metric measure spaces is obtained.},
  author       = {Wirth, Melchior},
  issn         = {2538-225X},
  journal      = {Advances in Operator Theory},
  keywords     = {Algebra and Number Theory, Analysis},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Kac regularity and domination of quadratic forms}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s43036-022-00199-w},
  volume       = {7},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11917,
  abstract     = {We study the many-body dynamics of an initially factorized bosonic wave function in the mean-field regime. We prove large deviation estimates for the fluctuations around the condensate. We derive an upper bound extending a recent result to more general interactions. Furthermore, we derive a new lower bound which agrees with the upper bound in leading order.},
  author       = {Rademacher, Simone Anna Elvira and Seiringer, Robert},
  issn         = {1572-9613},
  journal      = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
  keywords     = {Mathematical Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Large deviation estimates for weakly interacting bosons}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10955-022-02940-4},
  volume       = {188},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{11918,
  abstract     = {Statistics of small subgraph counts such as triangles, four-cycles, and s-t paths of short lengths reveal important structural properties of the underlying graph. These problems have been widely studied in social network analysis. In most relevant applications, the graphs are not only massive but also change dynamically over time. Most of these problems become hard in the dynamic setting when considering the worst case. In this paper, we ask whether the question of small subgraph counting over dynamic graphs is hard also in the average case.

We consider the simplest possible average case model where the updates follow an Erdős-Rényi graph: each update selects a pair of vertices (u, v) uniformly at random and flips the existence of the edge (u, v). We develop new lower bounds and matching algorithms in this model for counting four-cycles, counting triangles through a specified point s, or a random queried point, and st paths of length 3, 4 and 5. Our results indicate while computing st paths of length 3, and 4 are easy in the average case with O(1) update time (note that they are hard in the worst case), it becomes hard when considering st paths of length 5.

We introduce new techniques which allow us to get average-case hardness for these graph problems from the worst-case hardness of the Online Matrix vector problem (OMv). Our techniques rely on recent advances in fine-grained average-case complexity. Our techniques advance this literature, giving the ability to prove new lower bounds on average-case dynamic algorithms.},
  author       = {Henzinger, Monika H and Lincoln, Andrea and Saha, Barna},
  booktitle    = {33rd Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms},
  location     = {Alexandria, VA, United States},
  pages        = {459--498},
  publisher    = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics},
  title        = {{The complexity of average-case dynamic subgraph counting}},
  doi          = {10.1137/1.9781611977073.23},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{11930,
  abstract     = {We present a practically efficient algorithm for maintaining a global minimum cut in large dynamic graphs under both edge insertions and deletions. While there has been theoretical work on this problem, our algorithm is the first implementation of a fully-dynamic algorithm. The algorithm uses the theoretical foundation and combines it with efficient and finely-tuned implementations to give an algorithm that can maintain the global minimum cut of a graph with rapid update times. We show that our algorithm gives up to multiple orders of magnitude speedup compared to static approaches both on edge insertions and deletions.},
  author       = {Henzinger, Monika H and Noe, Alexander and Schulz, Christian},
  booktitle    = {2022 Proceedings of the Symposium on Algorithm Engineering and Experiments},
  location     = {Alexandria, VA, United States},
  pages        = {13--26},
  publisher    = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics},
  title        = {{Practical fully dynamic minimum cut algorithms}},
  doi          = {10.1137/1.9781611977042.2},
  year         = {2022},
}

@phdthesis{11932,
  abstract     = {The ability to form and retrieve memories is central to survival. In mammals, the hippocampus
is a brain region essential to the acquisition and consolidation of new memories. It is also
involved in keeping track of one’s position in space and aids navigation. Although this
space-memory has been a source of contradiction, evidence supports the view that the role of
the hippocampus in navigation is memory, thanks to the formation of cognitive maps. First
introduced by Tolman in 1948, cognitive maps are generally used to organize experiences in
memory; however, the detailed mechanisms by which these maps are formed and stored are not
yet agreed upon. Some influential theories describe this process as involving three fundamental
steps: initial encoding by the hippocampus, interactions between the hippocampus and other
cortical areas, and long-term extra-hippocampal consolidation. In this thesis, I will show how
the investigation of cognitive maps of space helped to shed light on each of these three memory
processes.
The first study included in this thesis deals with the initial encoding of spatial memories in
the hippocampus. Much is known about encoding at the level of single cells, but less about
their co-activity or joint contribution to the encoding of novel spatial information. I will
describe the structure of an interaction network that allows for efficient encoding of noisy
spatial information during the first exploration of a novel environment.
The second study describes the interactions between the hippocampus and the prefrontal
cortex (PFC), two areas directly and indirectly connected. It is known that the PFC, in concert
with the hippocampus, is involved in various processes, including memory storage and spatial
navigation. Nonetheless, the detailed mechanisms by which PFC receives information from the
hippocampus are not clear. I will show how a transient improvement in theta phase locking of
PFC cells enables interactions of cell pairs across the two regions.
The third study describes the learning of behaviorally-relevant spatial locations in the hippocampus and the medial entorhinal cortex. I will show how the accumulation of firing around
goal locations, a correlate of learning, can shed light on the transition from short- to long-term
spatial memories and the speed of consolidation in different brain areas.
The studies included in this thesis represent the main scientific contributions of my Ph.D. They
involve statistical analyses and models of neural responses of cells in different brain areas of
rats executing spatial tasks. I will conclude the thesis by discussing the impact of the findings
on principles of memory formation and retention, including the mechanisms, the speed, and
the duration of these processes.},
  author       = {Nardin, Michele},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {136},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{On the encoding, transfer, and consolidation of spatial memories}},
  doi          = {10.15479/at:ista:11932},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11937,
  abstract     = {Most experimentally known high-pressure ice phases have a body-centred cubic (bcc) oxygen lattice. Our large-scale molecular-dynamics simulations with a machine-learning potential indicate that, amongst these bcc ice phases, ices VII, VII′ and X are the same thermodynamic phase under different conditions, whereas superionic ice VII″ has a first-order phase boundary with ice VII′. Moreover, at about 300 GPa, the transformation between ice X and the Pbcm phase has a sharp structural change but no apparent activation barrier, whilst at higher pressures the barrier gradually increases. Our study thus clarifies the phase behaviour of the high-pressure ices and reveals peculiar solid–solid transition mechanisms not known in other systems.},
  author       = {Reinhardt, Aleks and Bethkenhagen, Mandy and Coppari, Federica and Millot, Marius and Hamel, Sebastien and Cheng, Bingqing},
  issn         = {2041-1723},
  journal      = {Nature Communications},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Thermodynamics of high-pressure ice phases explored with atomistic simulations}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41467-022-32374-1},
  volume       = {13},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11938,
  abstract     = {A matching is compatible to two or more labeled point sets of size n with labels {1, . . . , n} if its straight-line drawing on each of these point sets is crossing-free. We study the maximum number of edges in a matching compatible to two or more labeled point sets in general position in the plane. We show that for any two labeled sets of n points in convex position there exists a compatible matching with ⌊√2n + 1 − 1⌋ edges. More generally, for any ℓ labeled point sets we construct compatible matchings of size Ω(n1/ℓ). As a corresponding upper bound, we use probabilistic arguments to show that for any ℓ given sets of n points there exists a labeling of each set such that the largest compatible matching has O(n2/(ℓ+1)) edges. Finally, we show that Θ(log n) copies of any set of n points are necessary and sufficient for the existence of labelings of these point sets such that any compatible matching consists only of a single edge.},
  author       = {Aichholzer, Oswin and Arroyo Guevara, Alan M and Masárová, Zuzana and Parada, Irene and Perz, Daniel and Pilz, Alexander and Tkadlec, Josef and Vogtenhuber, Birgit},
  issn         = {1526-1719},
  journal      = {Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {225--240},
  publisher    = {Brown University},
  title        = {{On compatible matchings}},
  doi          = {10.7155/jgaa.00591},
  volume       = {26},
  year         = {2022},
}

@unpublished{11943,
  abstract     = {Complex wiring between neurons underlies the information-processing network enabling all brain functions, including cognition and memory. For understanding how the network is structured, processes information, and changes over time, comprehensive visualization of the architecture of living brain tissue with its cellular and molecular components would open up major opportunities. However, electron microscopy (EM) provides nanometre-scale resolution required for full <jats:italic>in-silico</jats:italic> reconstruction<jats:sup>1–5</jats:sup>, yet is limited to fixed specimens and static representations. Light microscopy allows live observation, with super-resolution approaches<jats:sup>6–12</jats:sup> facilitating nanoscale visualization, but comprehensive 3D-reconstruction of living brain tissue has been hindered by tissue photo-burden, photobleaching, insufficient 3D-resolution, and inadequate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here we demonstrate saturated reconstruction of living brain tissue. We developed an integrated imaging and analysis technology, adapting stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy<jats:sup>6,13</jats:sup> in extracellularly labelled tissue<jats:sup>14</jats:sup> for high SNR and near-isotropic resolution. Centrally, a two-stage deep-learning approach leveraged previously obtained information on sample structure to drastically reduce photo-burden and enable automated volumetric reconstruction down to single synapse level. Live reconstruction provides unbiased analysis of tissue architecture across time in relation to functional activity and targeted activation, and contextual understanding of molecular labelling. This adoptable technology will facilitate novel insights into the dynamic functional architecture of living brain tissue.},
  author       = {Velicky, Philipp and Miguel Villalba, Eder and Michalska, Julia M and Wei, Donglai and Lin, Zudi and Watson, Jake and Troidl, Jakob and Beyer, Johanna and Ben Simon, Yoav and Sommer, Christoph M and Jahr, Wiebke and Cenameri, Alban and Broichhagen, Johannes and Grant, Seth G. N. and Jonas, Peter M and Novarino, Gaia and Pfister, Hanspeter and Bickel, Bernd and Danzl, Johann G},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  publisher    = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
  title        = {{Saturated reconstruction of living brain tissue}},
  doi          = {10.1101/2022.03.16.484431},
  year         = {2022},
}

@phdthesis{11945,
  abstract     = {G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) respond to specific ligands and regulate multiple processes ranging from cell growth and immune responses to neuronal signal transmission. However, ligands for many GPCRs remain unknown, suffer from off-target effects or have poor bioavailability. Additional challenges exist to dissect cell-type specific responses when the same GPCR is expressed on several cell types within the body. Here, we overcome these limitations by engineering DREADD-based GPCR chimeras that selectively bind their agonist clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) and mimic a GPCR-of-interest in a desired cell type.
We validated our approach with β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR/ADRB2) and show that our chimeric DREADD-β2AR triggers comparable responses on second messenger and kinase activity, post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions. Since β2AR is also enriched in microglia, which can drive inflammation in the central nervous system, we expressed chimeric DREADD-β2AR in primary microglia and successfully recapitulate β2AR-mediated filopodia formation through CNO stimulation. To dissect the role of selected GPCRs during microglial inflammation, we additionally generated DREADD-based chimeras for microglia-enriched GPR65 and GPR109A/HCAR2. In a microglia cell line, DREADD-β2AR and DREADD-GPR65 both modulated the inflammatory response with a similar profile as endogenously expressed β2AR, while DREADD-GPR109A showed no impact.
Our DREADD-based approach provides the means to obtain mechanistic and functional insights into GPCR signaling on a cell-type specific level.},
  author       = {Schulz, Rouven},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {133},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Chimeric G protein-coupled receptors mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia function}},
  doi          = {10.15479/at:ista:11945},
  year         = {2022},
}

@unpublished{11950,
  abstract     = {Mapping the complex and dense arrangement of cells and their connectivity in brain tissue demands nanoscale spatial resolution imaging. Super-resolution optical microscopy excels at visualizing specific molecules and individual cells but fails to provide tissue context. Here we developed Comprehensive Analysis of Tissues across Scales (CATS), a technology to densely map brain tissue architecture from millimeter regional to nanoscopic synaptic scales in diverse chemically fixed brain preparations, including rodent and human. CATS leverages fixation-compatible extracellular labeling and advanced optical readout, in particular stimulated-emission depletion and expansion microscopy, to comprehensively delineate cellular structures. It enables 3D-reconstructing single synapses and mapping synaptic connectivity by identification and tailored analysis of putative synaptic cleft regions. Applying CATS to the hippocampal mossy fiber circuitry, we demonstrate its power to reveal the system’s molecularly informed ultrastructure across spatial scales and assess local connectivity by reconstructing and quantifying the synaptic input and output structure of identified neurons.},
  author       = {Michalska, Julia M and Lyudchik, Julia and Velicky, Philipp and Korinkova, Hana and Watson, Jake and Cenameri, Alban and Sommer, Christoph M and Venturino, Alessandro and Roessler, Karl and Czech, Thomas and Siegert, Sandra and Novarino, Gaia and Jonas, Peter M and Danzl, Johann G},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  publisher    = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
  title        = {{Uncovering brain tissue architecture across scales with super-resolution light microscopy}},
  doi          = {10.1101/2022.08.17.504272},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11951,
  abstract     = {The mammalian hippocampal formation (HF) plays a key role in several higher brain functions, such as spatial coding, learning and memory. Its simple circuit architecture is often viewed as a trisynaptic loop, processing input originating from the superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex (EC) and sending it back to its deeper layers. Here, we show that excitatory neurons in layer 6b of the mouse EC project to all sub-regions comprising the HF and receive input from the CA1, thalamus and claustrum. Furthermore, their output is characterized by unique slow-decaying excitatory postsynaptic currents capable of driving plateau-like potentials in their postsynaptic targets. Optogenetic inhibition of the EC-6b pathway affects spatial coding in CA1 pyramidal neurons, while cell ablation impairs not only acquisition of new spatial memories, but also degradation of previously acquired ones. Our results provide evidence of a functional role for cortical layer 6b neurons in the adult brain.},
  author       = {Ben Simon, Yoav and Käfer, Karola and Velicky, Philipp and Csicsvari, Jozsef L and Danzl, Johann G and Jonas, Peter M},
  issn         = {2041-1723},
  journal      = {Nature Communications},
  keywords     = {General Physics and Astronomy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Chemistry, Multidisciplinary},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{A direct excitatory projection from entorhinal layer 6b neurons to the hippocampus contributes to spatial coding and memory}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41467-022-32559-8},
  volume       = {13},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11955,
  abstract     = {Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are structurally tuneable, porous and crystalline polymers constructed through the covalent attachment of small organic building blocks as elementary units. Using the myriad of such building blocks, a broad spectrum of functionalities has been applied for COF syntheses for broad applications, including heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new family of porous and crystalline COFs using a novel acridine linker and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde derivatives bearing a variable number of hydroxy groups. With the broad absorption in the visible light region, the COFs were applied as photocatalysts in metallaphotocatalytic C−N cross-coupling. The fully β-ketoenamine linked COF showed the highest activity, due to the increased charge separation upon irradiation. The COF showed good to excellent yields for several aryl bromides, good recyclability and even catalyzed the organic transformation in presence of green light as energy source.},
  author       = {Traxler, Michael and Gisbertz, Sebastian and Pachfule, Pradip and Schmidt, Johannes and Roeser, Jérôme and Reischauer, Susanne and Rabeah, Jabor and Pieber, Bartholomäus and Thomas, Arne},
  issn         = {1521-3773},
  journal      = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  number       = {21},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Acridine‐functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as photocatalysts for metallaphotocatalytic C−N cross‐coupling}},
  doi          = {10.1002/anie.202117738},
  volume       = {61},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11991,
  abstract     = {The study of the complexity of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), centred around the Feder-Vardi Dichotomy Conjecture, has been very prominent in the last two decades. After a long concerted effort and many partial results, the Dichotomy Conjecture has been proved in 2017 independently by Bulatov and Zhuk. At about the same time, a vast generalisation of CSP, called promise CSP, has started to gain prominence. In this survey, we explain the importance of promise CSP and highlight many new very interesting features that the study of promise CSP has brought to light. The complexity classification quest for the promise CSP is wide open, and we argue that, despite the promise CSP being more general, this quest is rather more accessible to a wide range of researchers than the dichotomy-led study of the CSP has been.},
  author       = {Krokhin, Andrei and Opršal, Jakub},
  issn         = {2372-3491},
  journal      = {ACM SIGLOG News},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {30--59},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{An invitation to the promise constraint satisfaction problem}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3559736.3559740},
  volume       = {9},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11993,
  abstract     = {Moulding refers to a set of manufacturing techniques in which a mould, usually a cavity or a solid frame, is used to shape a liquid or pliable material into an object of the desired shape. The popularity of moulding comes from its effectiveness, scalability and versatility in terms of employed materials. Its relevance as a fabrication process is demonstrated by the extensive literature covering different aspects related to mould design, from material flow simulation to the automation of mould geometry design. In this state-of-the-art report, we provide an extensive review of the automatic methods for the design of moulds, focusing on contributions from a geometric perspective. We classify existing mould design methods based on their computational approach and the nature of their target moulding process. We summarize the relationships between computational approaches and moulding techniques, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Finally, we discuss potential future research directions.},
  author       = {Alderighi, Thomas and Malomo, Luigi and Auzinger, Thomas and Bickel, Bernd and Cignoni, Paulo and Pietroni, Nico},
  issn         = {1467-8659},
  journal      = {Computer Graphics Forum},
  keywords     = {Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {435--452},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{State of the art in computational mould design}},
  doi          = {10.1111/cgf.14581},
  volume       = {41},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11995,
  abstract     = {G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate processes ranging from immune responses to neuronal signaling. However, ligands for many GPCRs remain unknown, suffer from off-target effects or have poor bioavailability. Additionally, dissecting cell type-specific responses is challenging when the same GPCR is expressed on different cells within a tissue. Here, we overcome these limitations by engineering DREADD-based GPCR chimeras that bind clozapine-N-oxide and mimic a GPCR-of-interest. We show that chimeric DREADD-β2AR triggers responses comparable to β2AR on second messenger and kinase activity, post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions. Moreover, we successfully recapitulate β2AR-mediated filopodia formation in microglia, an immune cell capable of driving central nervous system inflammation. When dissecting microglial inflammation, we included two additional DREADD-based chimeras mimicking microglia-enriched GPR65 and GPR109A. DREADD-β2AR and DREADD-GPR65 modulate the inflammatory response with high similarity to endogenous β2AR, while DREADD-GPR109A shows no impact. Our DREADD-based approach allows investigation of cell type-dependent pathways without known endogenous ligands.},
  author       = {Schulz, Rouven and Korkut, Medina and Venturino, Alessandro and Colombo, Gloria and Siegert, Sandra},
  issn         = {2041-1723},
  journal      = {Nature Communications},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Chimeric GPCRs mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia responses}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1},
  volume       = {13},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11996,
  abstract     = {If you mix fruit syrups with alcohol to make a schnapps, the two liquids will remain perfectly blended forever. But if you mix oil with vinegar to make a vinaigrette, the oil and vinegar will soon separate back into their previous selves. Such liquid-liquid phase separation is a thermodynamically driven phenomenon and plays an important role in many biological processes (1). Although energy injection at the macroscale can reverse the phase separation—a strong shake is the normal response to a separated vinaigrette—little is known about the effect of energy added at the microscopic level on phase separation. This fundamental question has deep ramifications, notably in biology, because active processes also make the interior of a living cell different from a dead one. On page 768 of this issue, Adkins et al. (2) examine how mechanical activity at the microscopic scale affects liquid-liquid phase separation and allows liquids to climb surfaces.},
  author       = {Palacci, Jérémie A},
  issn         = {1095-9203},
  journal      = {Science},
  number       = {6607},
  pages        = {710--711},
  publisher    = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
  title        = {{A soft active matter that can climb walls}},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.adc9202},
  volume       = {377},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11997,
  abstract     = {We study the fate of an impurity in an ultracold heteronuclear Bose mixture, focusing on the experimentally relevant case of a ⁴¹K - ⁸⁷Rb mixture, with the impurity in a ⁴¹K hyperfine state. Our paper provides a comprehensive description of an impurity in a BEC mixture with contact interactions across its phase diagram. We present results for the miscible and immiscible regimes, as well as for the impurity in a self-bound quantum droplet. Here, varying the interactions, we find exotic states where the impurity localizes either at the center or
at the surface of the droplet. },
  author       = {Bighin, Giacomo and Burchianti, A. and Minardi, F. and Macrì, T.},
  issn         = {2469-9934},
  journal      = {Physical Review A},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Impurity in a heteronuclear two-component Bose mixture}},
  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevA.106.023301},
  volume       = {106},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11998,
  abstract     = {Recently it became possible to study highly excited rotational states of molecules in superfluid helium through nonadiabatic alignment experiments (Cherepanov et al 2021 Phys. Rev. A 104 L061303). This calls for theoretical approaches that go beyond explaining renormalized values of molecular spectroscopic constants, which suffices when only the lowest few rotational states are involved. As the first step in this direction, here we present a basic quantum mechanical model describing highly excited rotational states of molecules in superfluid helium nanodroplets. We show that a linear molecule immersed in a superfluid can be seen as an effective symmetric top, similar to the rotational structure of radicals, such as OH or NO, but with the angular momentum of the superfluid playing the role of the electronic angular momentum in free molecules. The simple theory sheds light onto what happens when the rotational angular momentum of the molecule increases beyond the lowest excited states accessible by infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the model allows to estimate the effective rotational and centrifugal distortion constants for a broad range of species and to explain the crossover between light and heavy molecules in superfluid 4He in terms of the many-body wavefunction structure. Some of the above mentioned insights can be acquired by analyzing a simple 2 × 2 matrix.},
  author       = {Cherepanov, Igor and Bighin, Giacomo and Schouder, Constant A. and Chatterley, Adam S. and Stapelfeldt, Henrik and Lemeshko, Mikhail},
  issn         = {1367-2630},
  journal      = {New Journal of Physics},
  number       = {7},
  publisher    = {IOP},
  title        = {{A simple model for high rotational excitations of molecules in a superfluid}},
  doi          = {10.1088/1367-2630/ac8113},
  volume       = {24},
  year         = {2022},
}