[{"article_type":"original","volume":184,"month":"04","publist_id":"1917","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["0012-1606"]},"quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","intvolume":"       184","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:07:33Z","acknowledgement":"We thank C. Thisse and Q. Xu for the kind gift of hggl and rtk2 cDNA, respectively. We are grateful to S. Wilson and R. Warga for many valuable comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We also thank R. Geisler, D. Gilmour, M. Granato, I Odenthal, F. Pellegri, S. Schulte-Merker, and F. v. Eeden for critical reading of the manuscript. ","pmid":1,"date_published":"1997-04-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"first_name":"Carl-Philipp J","full_name":"Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J","orcid":"0000-0002-0912-4566","id":"39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Heisenberg"},{"last_name":"Nüsslein Volhard","full_name":"Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane","first_name":"Christiane"}],"_id":"4201","oa":1,"type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1006/dbio.1997.8511","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Elsevier","publication":"Developmental Biology","title":"The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo","external_id":{"pmid":["9142986 "]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012160697985110?via%3Dihub"}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J, and Christiane Nüsslein Volhard. “The Function of Silberblick in the Positioning of the Eye Anlage in the Zebrafish Embryo.” <i>Developmental Biology</i>. Elsevier, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511\">https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511</a>.","ieee":"C.-P. J. Heisenberg and C. Nüsslein Volhard, “The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo,” <i>Developmental Biology</i>, vol. 184, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 85–94, 1997.","apa":"Heisenberg, C.-P. J., &#38; Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1997). The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo. <i>Developmental Biology</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511\">https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511</a>","mla":"Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J., and Christiane Nüsslein Volhard. “The Function of Silberblick in the Positioning of the Eye Anlage in the Zebrafish Embryo.” <i>Developmental Biology</i>, vol. 184, no. 1, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 85–94, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511\">10.1006/dbio.1997.8511</a>.","short":"C.-P.J. Heisenberg, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Developmental Biology 184 (1997) 85–94.","ista":"Heisenberg C-PJ, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1997. The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo. Developmental Biology. 184(1), 85–94.","ama":"Heisenberg C-PJ, Nüsslein Volhard C. The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo. <i>Developmental Biology</i>. 1997;184(1):85-94. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511\">10.1006/dbio.1997.8511</a>"},"day":"01","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","page":"85 - 94","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In zebrafish, as in other vertebrates, an initially singular eye held within the neural plate has to split during morphogenesis to allow the development of two separated eyes. It has been suggested that anterior progression of midline tissue within the neural plate is involved in the bilateralization of the eye held. Mutations in the recently identified silberblick (slb) gene cause an incomplete separation of the eyes. During gastrulation and early somitogenesis, the ventral midline of the central nervous system (CNS) together with the underlying axial mesendoderm is shortened and broadened in slb embryos. While in wild-type embryos the ventral CNS midline extends to the anterior limit of the neural plate at the end of gastrulation, there is a gap between the anterior tip of the ventral CNS midline and the anterior edge of the neural plate in slb. To investigate the cause for the shortening of the ventral CNS midline in slb we determined the fate of labeled ventral CNS midline cells in wild-type and slb embryos at different stages of development. In slb, anterior migration of ventral CNS midline cells is impaired, which indicates that migration of these cells is needed for elongation of the ventral CNS midline. The anterior shortening of the ventral CNS midline in slb leads to medial instead of bilateral induction of optic stalks followed by a partial fusion of the eyes at later developmental stages. The analysis of the sIb phenotype indicates that anterior migration of midline cells within the neural plate is required for proper induction and subsequent bilateralization of an initially singular eye field. These findings may therefore provide a starting point in elucidating the role of neural plate morphogenesis in positioning of the eyes. (C) 1997 Academic Press."}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-18T13:54:19Z"},{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","date_updated":"2022-08-18T13:04:36Z","year":"1997","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1098/rstb.1996.0073","type":"book_chapter","status":"public","_id":"4284","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The evolutionary processes responsible for adaptation and speciation on islands differ in several ways from those on the mainland. Most attention has been given to the random genetic drift that arises when a population is founded from just a few colonizing genomes. Theoretical obstacles to ‘founder effect speciation’ are discussed, together with recent proposals for avoiding them. It is argued that although certain kinds of epistasis can facilitate the evolution of strong reproductive isolation, this favours divergence by selection as much as by random drift.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","page":"102 - 123","date_published":"1997-11-27T00:00:00Z","oa_version":"None","day":"27","pmid":1,"citation":{"ama":"Barton NH. Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In: <i>Evolution on Islands</i>. Oxford University Press; 1997:102-123. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073\">10.1098/rstb.1996.0073</a>","apa":"Barton, N. H. (1997). Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In <i>Evolution on islands</i> (pp. 102–123). Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073</a>","short":"N.H. Barton, in:, Evolution on Islands, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 102–123.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Selection and Random Genetic Drift as Causes of Evolution on Islands.” <i>Evolution on Islands</i>, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 102–23, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073\">10.1098/rstb.1996.0073</a>.","ista":"Barton NH. 1997.Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In: Evolution on islands. , 102–123.","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands,” in <i>Evolution on islands</i>, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 102–123.","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Selection and Random Genetic Drift as Causes of Evolution on Islands.” In <i>Evolution on Islands</i>, 102–23. Oxford University Press, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073</a>."},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:02Z","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9780198501718"]},"publist_id":"1800","month":"11","external_id":{"pmid":["8693020"]},"title":"Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands","publication":"Evolution on islands"},{"type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1093/genetics/147.2.879","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Genetics Society of America","date_published":"1997-10-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Otto","first_name":"Sarah","full_name":"Otto, Sarah"},{"full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240"}],"_id":"4285","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","intvolume":"       147","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:02Z","pmid":1,"article_type":"original","volume":147,"month":"10","publist_id":"1796","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6731"]},"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:36:10Z","day":"01","page":"879 - 906","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"One of the oldest hypotheses for the advantage of recombination is that recombination allo rvs beneficial mutations that arise in different individuals to be placed together on the same chromosome. Unless recombination occurs, one of the beneficial alleles is doomed to extinction, slowing the rate at which adaptive mutations are incorporated within a population. We model the effects of a modifier of recombination on the fixation probability of beneficial mutations when beneficial alleles are segregating at other loci. We find that modifier alleles that increase recombination do increase the fixation probability of beneficial mutants and subsequently hitchhike along as the mutants rise in frequency. The strength of selection favoring a modifier that increases recombination is proportional to lambda(2)S delta r/r when linkage is tight and lambda(2)S(3) delta r/N when linkage is loose, where lambda is the beneficial mutation rate per genome per generation throughout a population of size N, S is the average mutant effect, r is the average recombination rate, and delta ris the amount that recombination is modified. We conclude that selection for recombination will be substantial only if there is tight linkage within the genome or if many loci are subject to directional selection as during periods of rapid evolutionary change.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"2","citation":{"chicago":"Otto, Sarah, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Evolution of Recombination: Removing the Limits to Natural Selection.” <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879</a>.","ieee":"S. Otto and N. H. Barton, “The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection,” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 147, no. 2. Genetics Society of America, pp. 879–906, 1997.","mla":"Otto, Sarah, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Evolution of Recombination: Removing the Limits to Natural Selection.” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 147, no. 2, Genetics Society of America, 1997, pp. 879–906, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879\">10.1093/genetics/147.2.879</a>.","apa":"Otto, S., &#38; Barton, N. H. (1997). The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection. <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879</a>","short":"S. Otto, N.H. Barton, Genetics 147 (1997) 879–906.","ista":"Otto S, Barton NH. 1997. The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection. Genetics. 147(2), 879–906.","ama":"Otto S, Barton NH. The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection. <i>Genetics</i>. 1997;147(2):879-906. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879\">10.1093/genetics/147.2.879</a>"},"publication":"Genetics","title":"The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection","external_id":{"pmid":["9335621"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/147/2/879/6054161"}]},{"type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1093/genetics/145.2.493","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Genetics Society of America","date_published":"1997-02-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Piálek, Jaroslav","first_name":"Jaroslav","last_name":"Piálek"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H"}],"_id":"4286","oa":1,"extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","intvolume":"       145","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:03Z","acknowledgement":"We are specially grateful to H. C. HAUFFE for allowing us to present her unpublished data. B. NURNBERGER, J. B. SEARLE, H. C. HAUFFE, S. BAIRD, L. KRUUK and two anonymous referees gave constructive comments on the manuscript. The work was supported by the European Union (Human Capital and Mobility Contract No. RB4050PL922765.","pmid":1,"volume":145,"article_type":"original","month":"02","publist_id":"1797","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6731"]},"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-18T12:34:37Z","day":"01","oa_version":"Published Version","page":"493 - 504","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A local barrier to gene flow will delay the spread of an advantageous allele. Exact calculations for the deterministic case show that an allele that is favorable when rare is delayed very little even by a strong barrier; its spread is allowed by a time proportional to log((B/σ)√2S)/S, where B is the barrier strength, σ the dispersal range, and fitnesses are 1:1 + S:1 + 2S. However, when there is selection against heterozytes, such that the allele cannot increase from low frequency, a barrier can cause a much greater delay. If gene flow is reduced below a critical value, spread is entirely prevented. Stochastic simulations show that with additive selection, random drift slows down the spread of the allele, below the deterministic speed of σ√2S. The delay to the advance of an advantageous allele caused by a strong barrier can be substantially increased by random drift and increases with B/(2Sρσ2) in a one-dimensional habitat of density ρ. However, with selection against heterozygotes, drift can facilitate the spread and can free an allele that would otherwise be trapped indefinitely by a strong barrier. We discuss the implications of these results for the evolution of chromosome rearrangements."}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"2","citation":{"ama":"Piálek J, Barton NH. The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes. <i>Genetics</i>. 1997;145(2):493-504. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493\">10.1093/genetics/145.2.493</a>","short":"J. Piálek, N.H. Barton, Genetics 145 (1997) 493–504.","apa":"Piálek, J., &#38; Barton, N. H. (1997). The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes. <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493</a>","ista":"Piálek J, Barton NH. 1997. The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes. Genetics. 145(2), 493–504.","mla":"Piálek, Jaroslav, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Spread of an Advantageous Allele across a Barrier: The Effects of Random Drift and Selection against Heterozygotes.” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 145, no. 2, Genetics Society of America, 1997, pp. 493–504, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493\">10.1093/genetics/145.2.493</a>.","ieee":"J. Piálek and N. H. Barton, “The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes,” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 145, no. 2. Genetics Society of America, pp. 493–504, 1997.","chicago":"Piálek, Jaroslav, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Spread of an Advantageous Allele across a Barrier: The Effects of Random Drift and Selection against Heterozygotes.” <i>Genetics</i>. Genetics Society of America, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493</a>."},"publication":"Genetics","title":"The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes","external_id":{"pmid":["9071602"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/145/2/493/6018085","open_access":"1"}]},{"publication":"Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution","title":"Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright's shifting balance theory of evolutionight's shifting balance theory of evolution","external_id":{"pmid":["28568586"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x"}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"3","citation":{"short":"J. Coyne, N.H. Barton, M. Turelli, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 51 (1997) 643–671.","apa":"Coyne, J., Barton, N. H., &#38; Turelli, M. (1997). Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution. <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>","ista":"Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. 1997. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 51(3), 643–671.","mla":"Coyne, Jerry, et al. “Perspective: A Critique of Sewall Wright’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolutionight’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolution.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 51, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 643–71, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x\">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>.","ama":"Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution. <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. 1997;51(3):643-671. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x\">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>","chicago":"Coyne, Jerry, Nicholas H Barton, and Michael Turelli. “Perspective: A Critique of Sewall Wright’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolutionight’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolution.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>.","ieee":"J. Coyne, N. H. Barton, and M. Turelli, “Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution,” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 51, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 643–671, 1997."},"day":"01","page":"643 - 671","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"We evaluate Sewall Wright's three-phase \"shifting balance\" theory of evolution, examining both the theoretical issues and the relevant data from nature and the laboratory. We conclude that while phases I and II of Wright's theory (the movement of populations from one \"adaptive peak\" to another via drift and selection) can occur under some conditions, genetic drift is often unnecessary for movement between peaks. Phase III of the shifting balance, in which adaptations spread from particular populations to the entire species, faces two major theoretical obstacles: (1) unlike adaptations favored by simple directional selection, adaptations whose fixation requires some genetic drift are often prevented from spreading by barriers to gene flow; and (2) it is difficult to assemble complex adaptations whose constituent parts arise via peak shifts in different demes. Our review of the data from nature shows that although there is some evidence for individual phases of the shifting balance process, there are few empirical observations explained better by Wright's three-phase mechanism than by simple mass selection. Similarly, artificial selection experiments fail to show that selection in subdivided populations produces greater response than does mass selection in large populations. The complexity of the shifting balance process and the difficulty of establishing that adaptive valleys have been crossed by genetic drift make it impossible to test Wright's claim that adaptations commonly originate by this process. In view of these problems, it seems unreasonable to consider the shifting balance process as an important explanation for the evolution of adaptations. ","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-18T09:48:43Z","article_type":"original","volume":51,"month":"06","publist_id":"1791","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0014-3820"]},"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","intvolume":"        51","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:03Z","acknowledgement":"We thank the following people for discussion and comments on themanuscript: S.Barrett,J. Bull, B.Charlesworth, D.Charlesworth, P. DeVries, S.Gavrilets, J. H.Gillespie, R.K.Grosberg, W.G. Hill, A. A.Hoffmann, M.Kirkpatrick, C.H.Langley, R.  C.Lewontin, J.B. Mallet, M. Noor, L.Nunney, H. A. Orr, T. Prout, M.Slatkin, J.Spofford, W.Stephan, J.  B.  Walsh,  P. Ward, K. Weber, J. Willis, and M.Zwick. We are especially grateful to D.J. Futuyma and D.Schemskefor  their exhaustive criticism of the manuscript. Needless to say, not all of these reviewers agree with our ideas. This work  was supported by National Institutes of Health grant GM50355 to JAC, National Science Foundation grant DEB9527808 to MT, and grants from the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (GRJI76057,GRIHI09928) to NHB.","pmid":1,"date_published":"1997-06-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Coyne, Jerry","first_name":"Jerry","last_name":"Coyne"},{"full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barton"},{"last_name":"Turelli","full_name":"Turelli, Michael","first_name":"Michael"}],"_id":"4287","oa":1,"type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell"},{"issue":"1379","scopus_import":"1","citation":{"apa":"Fowler, K., Semple, C., Barton, N. H., &#38; Partridge, L. (1997). Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>. The Royal Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027</a>","mla":"Fowler, Kevin, et al. “Genetic Variation for Total Fitness in Drosophila Melanogaster.” <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>, vol. 264, no. 1379, The Royal Society, 1997, pp. 191–99, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027\">10.1098/rspb.1997.0027</a>.","short":"K. Fowler, C. Semple, N.H. Barton, L. Partridge, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 264 (1997) 191–199.","ista":"Fowler K, Semple C, Barton NH, Partridge L. 1997. Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 264(1379), 191–199.","ama":"Fowler K, Semple C, Barton NH, Partridge L. Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>. 1997;264(1379):191-199. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027\">10.1098/rspb.1997.0027</a>","chicago":"Fowler, Kevin, Colin Semple, Nicholas H Barton, and Linda Partridge. “Genetic Variation for Total Fitness in Drosophila Melanogaster.” <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>. The Royal Society, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027</a>.","ieee":"K. Fowler, C. Semple, N. H. Barton, and L. Partridge, “Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster,” <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences</i>, vol. 264, no. 1379. The Royal Society, pp. 191–199, 1997."},"external_id":{"pmid":["9061969"]},"title":"Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster","publication":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1688253/"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:31:58Z","abstract":[{"text":"We measured the heterozygous effects on net fitness of a sample of 12 wild-type third chromosomes in D. melanogaster. Effects on fitness were assessed by competing the wild-type chromosomes against balancer chromosomes, to prevent the production of recombinants. The measurements were carried out in the population cage environment in which the life history had been evolving, in an undisturbed population with overlapping generations, and replicated measurements were made on each chromosome to control for confounding effects such as mutation accumulation. We found significant variation among the wild type chromosomes in their additive genetic effect on net fitness. The system provides an opportunity to obtain an accurate estimate of the distribution of heterozygous effects on net fitness, the contribution of different fitness components including male mating success, and the role of intra-chromosomal epistasis in fitness variation.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","page":"191 - 199","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"22","intvolume":"       264","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank John Sved for helpful discussions in the planningstages of the project, Brian Charlesworth, Alexei Kondrashov, Trudy Mackay and Steve Stearns for commentson the manuscript, SERC, BBSRC, the Darwin Trust andthe Royal Society for Financial support, and Ms N. Goorneyfor technical assistance","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:03Z","volume":264,"article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","publist_id":"1792","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0962-8452"]},"month":"02","type":"journal_article","publisher":"The Royal Society","year":"1997","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1098/rspb.1997.0027","date_published":"1997-02-22T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"_id":"4288","author":[{"first_name":"Kevin","full_name":"Fowler, Kevin","last_name":"Fowler"},{"last_name":"Semple","first_name":"Colin","full_name":"Semple, Colin"},{"last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H"},{"first_name":"Linda","full_name":"Partridge, Linda","last_name":"Partridge"}]},{"doi":"10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Cell Press","type":"journal_article","author":[{"first_name":"Nicholas H","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240"}],"_id":"4289","oa":1,"date_published":"1997-12-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:04Z","extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","intvolume":"         7","month":"12","publist_id":"1788","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0960-9822"]},"quality_controlled":"1","article_type":"letter_note","volume":7,"date_updated":"2022-08-17T13:07:08Z","status":"public","day":"01","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","page":"757 - 758","abstract":[{"text":"A worldwide survey of polymorphic molecular markers shows that the human population is genetically homogeneous, in close agreement with evidence from quite different genes and traits.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ista":"Barton NH. 1997. Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity. Current Biology. 7(12), 757–758.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Population Genetics: A New Apportionment of Human Diversity.” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 7, no. 12, Cell Press, 1997, pp. 757–58, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6\">10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6</a>.","apa":"Barton, N. H. (1997). Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity. <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6</a>","short":"N.H. Barton, Current Biology 7 (1997) 757–758.","ama":"Barton NH. Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity. <i>Current Biology</i>. 1997;7(12):757-758. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6\">10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6</a>","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Population Genetics: A New Apportionment of Human Diversity.” <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6\">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6</a>.","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity,” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 7, no. 12. Cell Press, pp. 757–758, 1997."},"issue":"12","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982206003976?via%3Dihub"}],"publication":"Current Biology","title":"Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity"},{"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","page":"178 - 180","date_published":"1997-10-01T00:00:00Z","day":"01","_id":"4290","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H"}],"type":"review","status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-17T14:10:20Z","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","year":"1997","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":70,"title":"Natural hybridization and evolution","publication":"Genetical Research","publist_id":"1789","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6723"]},"month":"10","intvolume":"        70","issue":"2","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","extern":"1","citation":{"ama":"Barton NH. Natural hybridization and evolution. <i>Genetical Research</i>. 1997;70(2):178-180.","apa":"Barton, N. H. (1997). Natural hybridization and evolution. <i>Genetical Research</i>. Cambridge University Press.","ista":"Barton NH. 1997. Natural hybridization and evolution. Genetical Research. 70(2), 178–180.","short":"N.H. Barton, Genetical Research 70 (1997) 178–180.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Hybridization and Evolution.” <i>Genetical Research</i>, vol. 70, no. 2, Cambridge University Press, 1997, pp. 178–80.","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “Natural hybridization and evolution,” <i>Genetical Research</i>, vol. 70, no. 2. Cambridge University Press, pp. 178–180, 1997.","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Hybridization and Evolution.” <i>Genetical Research</i>. Cambridge University Press, 1997."},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:04Z"},{"day":"01","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","page":"180 - 181","date_published":"1997-10-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"4291","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barton","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H"}],"type":"review","status":"public","year":"1997","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","date_updated":"2022-08-18T09:36:25Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"The ecological detective: Confronting models with data","volume":70,"publication":"Genetical Research","publist_id":"1790","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0016-6723"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/genetics-research/article/ecological-detective-confronting-models-with-data-by-ray-hilborn-and-marc-mangel-princeton-university-press-1997-315xvii-pages-price-3000-cloth-1695-paper-isbn-0-691-03496-6-0-691-03497-4-pbk/AA6FCD668DFFAEF537C2674ECCFC8966"}],"quality_controlled":"1","month":"10","intvolume":"        70","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","extern":"1","issue":"2","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H. “The Ecological Detective: Confronting Models with Data.” <i>Genetical Research</i>. Cambridge University Press, 1997.","ieee":"N. H. Barton, “The ecological detective: Confronting models with data,” <i>Genetical Research</i>, vol. 70, no. 2. Cambridge University Press, pp. 180–181, 1997.","apa":"Barton, N. H. (1997). The ecological detective: Confronting models with data. <i>Genetical Research</i>. Cambridge University Press.","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H. “The Ecological Detective: Confronting Models with Data.” <i>Genetical Research</i>, vol. 70, no. 2, Cambridge University Press, 1997, pp. 180–81.","short":"N.H. Barton, Genetical Research 70 (1997) 180–181.","ista":"Barton NH. 1997. The ecological detective: Confronting models with data. Genetical Research. 70(2), 180–181.","ama":"Barton NH. The ecological detective: Confronting models with data. <i>Genetical Research</i>. 1997;70(2):180-181."},"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:04Z"},{"doi":"10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","date_updated":"2022-08-17T12:47:42Z","publisher":"Academic Press","status":"public","type":"book_chapter","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Barton","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","first_name":"Nicholas H"},{"full_name":"Whitlock, Michael","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Whitlock"}],"_id":"4293","day":"12","date_published":"1997-03-12T00:00:00Z","page":"183 - 210","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"None","abstract":[{"text":"Natural populations differ from the simplest models in ways which can significantly affect their evolution. Real populations are rarely all of the same size; the rates of migration into and out of populations vary in space and time; some populations go extinct, and new ones are established, while all populations fluctuate in size. Furthermore, the genetic properties of real species are not like those assumed in simple models. Alleles are exposed to a wide variety of selection mutation rarely creates novel genotypes with each mutation event, generations overlap, and environments vary from place to place. Evolution in a metapopulation can be substantially different from the predictions of single-population models and, indeed, very different from the simplest models of subdivided species.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:05Z","citation":{"ieee":"N. H. Barton and M. Whitlock, “The evolution of metapopulations,” in <i>Metapopulation Biology</i>, I. Hanski and M. E. Gilpin, Eds. Academic Press, 1997, pp. 183–210.","chicago":"Barton, Nicholas H, and Michael Whitlock. “The Evolution of Metapopulations.” In <i>Metapopulation Biology</i>, edited by Illka Hanski and Michael E. Gilpin, 183–210. Academic Press, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2\">https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2</a>.","ama":"Barton NH, Whitlock M. The evolution of metapopulations. In: Hanski I, Gilpin ME, eds. <i>Metapopulation Biology</i>. Academic Press; 1997:183-210. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2\">10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2</a>","mla":"Barton, Nicholas H., and Michael Whitlock. “The Evolution of Metapopulations.” <i>Metapopulation Biology</i>, edited by Illka Hanski and Michael E. Gilpin, Academic Press, 1997, pp. 183–210, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2\">10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2</a>.","apa":"Barton, N. H., &#38; Whitlock, M. (1997). The evolution of metapopulations. In I. Hanski &#38; M. E. Gilpin (Eds.), <i>Metapopulation Biology</i> (pp. 183–210). Academic Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2\">https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2</a>","short":"N.H. Barton, M. Whitlock, in:, I. Hanski, M.E. Gilpin (Eds.), Metapopulation Biology, Academic Press, 1997, pp. 183–210.","ista":"Barton NH, Whitlock M. 1997.The evolution of metapopulations. In: Metapopulation Biology. , 183–210."},"editor":[{"first_name":"Illka","full_name":"Hanski, Illka","last_name":"Hanski"},{"last_name":"Gilpin","first_name":"Michael E.","full_name":"Gilpin, Michael E."}],"extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","month":"03","publist_id":"1782","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9780123234452"]},"quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Metapopulation Biology","title":"The evolution of metapopulations"},{"citation":{"ieee":"T. A. Henzinger and O. Kupferman, “From quantity to quality,” in <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>, Grenoble, France, 1997, vol. 1201, pp. 48–62.","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, and Orna Kupferman. “From Quantity to Quality.” In <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>, 1201:48–62. Springer, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712\">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712</a>.","ama":"Henzinger TA, Kupferman O. From quantity to quality. In: <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>. Vol 1201. Springer; 1997:48-62. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712\">10.1007/BFb0014712</a>","short":"T.A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, in:, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, Springer, 1997, pp. 48–62.","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., and Orna Kupferman. “From Quantity to Quality.” <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>, vol. 1201, Springer, 1997, pp. 48–62, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712\">10.1007/BFb0014712</a>.","ista":"Henzinger TA, Kupferman O. 1997. From quantity to quality. Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems. HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, LNCS, vol. 1201, 48–62.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Kupferman, O. (1997). From quantity to quality. In <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i> (Vol. 1201, pp. 48–62). Grenoble, France: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712\">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712</a>"},"alternative_title":["LNCS"],"scopus_import":"1","title":"From quantity to quality","publication":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems","date_updated":"2022-08-17T12:29:48Z","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In temporal-logic model checking, we verify the correctness of a program with respect to a desired behavior by checking whether a structure that models the program satisfies a temporal-logic formula that specifies the behavior. The model-checking problem for the branching-time temporal logic CTL can be solved in linear running time, and model-checking tools for CTL are used successfully in industrial applications. The development of programs that must meet rigid real-time constraints has brought with it a need for real-time temporal logics that enable quantitative reference to time. Early research on real-time temporal logics uses the discrete domain of the integers to model time. Present research on real-time temporal logics focuses on continuous time and uses the dense domain of the reals to model time. There, model checking becomes significantly more complicated. For example, the model-checking problem for TCTL, a continuous-time extension of the logic CTL, is PSPACE-complete.\r\nIn this paper we suggest a reduction from TCTL model checking to CTL model checking. The contribution of such a reduction is twofold. Theoretically, while it has long been known that model-checking methods for untimed temporal logics can be extended quite easily to handle discrete time, it was not clear whether and how untimed methods can handle the reset quantifier of TCTL, which resets a realvalued clock. Practically, our reduction enables anyone who has a tool for CTL model checking to use it for TCTL model checking. The TCTL model-checking algorithm that follows from our reduction is in PSPACE, matching the known bound for this problem. In addition, it enjoys the wide distribution of CTL model-checking tools and the extensive and fruitful research efforts and heuristics that have been put into these tools."}],"day":"01","page":"48 - 62","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036.","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:51Z","intvolume":"      1201","conference":{"location":"Grenoble, France","start_date":"1997-03-26","end_date":"1997-03-28","name":"HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems"},"extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540626008"]},"publist_id":"291","quality_controlled":"1","month":"01","volume":1201,"year":"1997","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BFb0014712","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"conference","_id":"4438","author":[{"full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724"},{"full_name":"Kupferman, Orna","first_name":"Orna","last_name":"Kupferman"}],"date_published":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z"},{"citation":{"ista":"Henzinger TA, Kopke P. 1997. Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata. Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming. ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming, LNCS, vol. 1256, 582–593.","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., and Peter Kopke. “Discrete-Time Control for Rectangular Hybrid Automata.” <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>, vol. 1256, Springer, 1997, pp. 582–93, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213\">10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>.","short":"T.A. Henzinger, P. Kopke, in:, Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Springer, 1997, pp. 582–593.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Kopke, P. (1997). Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata. In <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i> (Vol. 1256, pp. 582–593). Bologna, Italy: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>","ama":"Henzinger TA, Kopke P. Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata. In: <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>. Vol 1256. Springer; 1997:582-593. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213\">10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, and Peter Kopke. “Discrete-Time Control for Rectangular Hybrid Automata.” In <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>, 1256:582–93. Springer, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>.","ieee":"T. A. Henzinger and P. Kopke, “Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata,” in <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>, Bologna, Italy, 1997, vol. 1256, pp. 582–593."},"scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"publication":"Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming","title":"Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata","date_updated":"2022-08-17T12:04:15Z","status":"public","page":"582 - 593","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"Rectangular hybrid automata model digital control programs of analog plant environments. We study rectangular hybrid automata where the plant state evolves continuously in real-numbered time, and the controller samples the plant state and changes the control state discretely, only at the integer points in time. We prove that rectangular hybrid automata have finite bisimilarity quotients when all control transitions happen at integer times, even if the constraints on the derivatives of the variables vary between control states. This is sharply in contrast with the conventional model where control transitions may happen at any real time, and already the reachability problem is undecidable. Based on the finite bisimilarity quotients, we give an exponential algorithm for the symbolic sampling-controller synthesis of rectangular automata. We show our algorithm to be optimal by proving the problem to be EXPTIME-hard. We also show that rectangular automata form a maximal class of systems for which the sampling-controller synthesis problem can be solved algorithmically.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:08:52Z","acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI contract DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARO contract DAAL03-91-C-0027 through the MSI at Cornell University, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036.","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","conference":{"location":"Bologna, Italy","start_date":"1997-07-07","end_date":"1997-07-11","name":"ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming"},"intvolume":"      1256","month":"01","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540631651"]},"publist_id":"289","volume":1256,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213","publisher":"Springer","year":"1997","type":"conference","author":[{"orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A"},{"full_name":"Kopke, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Kopke"}],"_id":"4441","date_published":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z"},{"volume":1,"article_type":"original","publist_id":"236","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1433-2779"]},"quality_controlled":"1","month":"01","intvolume":"         1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, the NSF CAREER award CCR-501708, NSF grant CCR-9504469, AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, ARPA grant  AG2-892, and SRC contract 95-DC-324.036.","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:08Z","date_published":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"4493","author":[{"full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger"},{"first_name":"Pei","full_name":"Ho, Pei","last_name":"Ho"},{"first_name":"Howard","full_name":"Wong Toi, Howard","last_name":"Wong Toi"}],"type":"journal_article","year":"1997","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s100090050008","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems","publication":"Software Tools For Technology Transfer","scopus_import":"1","issue":"1-2","citation":{"ista":"Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. 1997. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. 1(1–2), 110–122.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., Ho, P., &#38; Wong Toi, H. (1997). HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. <i>Software Tools For Technology Transfer</i>. Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008</a>","short":"T.A. Henzinger, P. Ho, H. Wong Toi, Software Tools For Technology Transfer 1 (1997) 110–122.","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems.” <i>Software Tools For Technology Transfer</i>, vol. 1, no. 1–2, Springer, 1997, pp. 110–22, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008\">10.1007/s100090050008</a>.","ama":"Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. <i>Software Tools For Technology Transfer</i>. 1997;1(1-2):110-122. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008\">10.1007/s100090050008</a>","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, Pei Ho, and Howard Wong Toi. “HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems.” <i>Software Tools For Technology Transfer</i>. Springer, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008</a>.","ieee":"T. A. Henzinger, P. Ho, and H. Wong Toi, “HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems,” <i>Software Tools For Technology Transfer</i>, vol. 1, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 110–122, 1997."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A hybrid system is a dynamical system whose behavior exhibits both discrete and continuous change. A hybrid automaton is a mathematical model for hybrid systems, which combines, in a single formalism, automaton transitions for capturing discrete change with differential equations for capturing continuous change. HyTech is a symbolic model checker for linear hybrid automata, a subclass of hybrid automata that can be analyzed automatically by computing with polyhedral state sets. A key feature of HyTech is its ability to perform parametric analysis, i.e., to determine the values of design parameters for which a linear hybrid automaton satisfies a temporal-logic requirement."}],"day":"01","oa_version":"None","page":"110 - 122","publication_status":"published","status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-17T11:14:15Z"},{"title":"HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems","scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"citation":{"ama":"Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. In: Vol 1254. Springer; 1997:460-463. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48\">10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48</a>","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., Ho, P., &#38; Wong Toi, H. (1997). HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems (Vol. 1254, pp. 460–463). Presented at the CAV: Computer Aided Verification, Haifa, Israel: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48</a>","short":"T.A. Henzinger, P. Ho, H. Wong Toi, in:, Springer, 1997, pp. 460–463.","ista":"Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. 1997. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 1254, 460–463.","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. <i>HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems</i>. Vol. 1254, Springer, 1997, pp. 460–63, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48\">10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48</a>.","ieee":"T. A. Henzinger, P. Ho, and H. Wong Toi, “HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems,” presented at the CAV: Computer Aided Verification, Haifa, Israel, 1997, vol. 1254, pp. 460–463.","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, Pei Ho, and Howard Wong Toi. “HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems,” 1254:460–63. Springer, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48</a>."},"publication_status":"published","page":"460 - 463","oa_version":"None","day":"01","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A hybrid system consists of a collection of digital programs that interact with each other and with an analog environment. Examples of hybrid systems include medical equipment, manufacturing controllers, automotive controllers, and robots. The formal analysis of the mixed digital-analog nature of these systems requires a model that incorporates the discrete behavior of computer programs with the continuous behavior of environment variables, such as temperature and pressure. Hybrid automata capture both types of behavior by combining finite automata with differential inclusions (i.e. differential inequalities). HyTech is a symbolic model checker for linear hybrid automata, an expressive, yet automatically analyzable, subclass of hybrid automata. A key feature of HyTech is its ability to perform parametric analysis, i.e. to determine the values of design parameters for which a linear hybrid automaton satisfies a temporal requirement."}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2022-08-17T11:06:13Z","volume":1254,"month":"01","quality_controlled":"1","publist_id":"235","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540631668"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","conference":{"start_date":"1997-06-22","end_date":"1997-06-25","name":"CAV: Computer Aided Verification","location":"Haifa, Israel"},"intvolume":"      1254","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:08Z","acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036.","date_published":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Henzinger","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A"},{"first_name":"Pei","full_name":"Ho, Pei","last_name":"Ho"},{"first_name":"Howard","full_name":"Wong Toi, Howard","last_name":"Wong Toi"}],"_id":"4494","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48","publisher":"Springer","year":"1997"},{"doi":"10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Springer","type":"conference","author":[{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A"},{"last_name":"Kupferman","full_name":"Kupferman, Orna","first_name":"Orna"},{"last_name":"Rajamani","full_name":"Rajamani, Sriram","first_name":"Sriram"}],"_id":"4496","date_published":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:09Z","acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036.","conference":{"start_date":"1997-07-01","end_date":"1997-07-04","name":"CONCUR: Concurrency Theory","location":"Warsaw, Poland"},"user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","intvolume":"      1243","month":"01","publist_id":"234","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540631415"]},"quality_controlled":"1","volume":1243,"date_updated":"2022-08-17T09:09:13Z","status":"public","day":"01","oa_version":"None","page":"273 - 287","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The simulation preorder for labeled transition systems is defined locally as a game that relates states with their immediate successor states. Liveness assumptions about transition systems are typically modeled using fairness constraints. Existing notions of simulation for fair transition systems, however, are not local, and as a result, many appealing properties of the simulation preorder are lost. We extend the local definition of simulation to account for fairness: system S fairly simulates system I iff in the simulation game, there is a strategy that matches with each fair computation of I a fair computation of S. Our definition enjoys a fully abstract semantics and has a logical characterization: S fairly simulates I iff every fair computation tree embedded in the unrolling of I can be embedded also in the unrolling of S or, equivalently, iff every Fair-AFMC formula satisfied by I is satisfied also by S (AFMC is the universal fragment of the alternation-free -calculus). The locality of the definition leads us to a polynomial-time algorithm for checking fair simulation for finite-state systems with weak and strong fairness constraints. Finally, fair simulation implies fair trace-containment, and is therefore useful as an efficientlycomputable local criterion for proving linear-time abstraction hierarchies."}],"citation":{"ista":"Henzinger TA, Kupferman O, Rajamani S. 1997. Fair simulation. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory. CONCUR: Concurrency Theory, LNCS, vol. 1243, 273–287.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., Kupferman, O., &#38; Rajamani, S. (1997). Fair simulation. In <i>Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory</i> (Vol. 1243, pp. 273–287). Warsaw, Poland: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19</a>","short":"T.A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, S. Rajamani, in:, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Springer, 1997, pp. 273–287.","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Fair Simulation.” <i>Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory</i>, vol. 1243, Springer, 1997, pp. 273–87, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19\">10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19</a>.","ama":"Henzinger TA, Kupferman O, Rajamani S. Fair simulation. In: <i>Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory</i>. Vol 1243. Springer; 1997:273-287. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19\">10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19</a>","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, Orna Kupferman, and Sriram Rajamani. “Fair Simulation.” In <i>Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory</i>, 1243:273–87. Springer, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19\">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19</a>.","ieee":"T. A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, and S. Rajamani, “Fair simulation,” in <i>Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory</i>, Warsaw, Poland, 1997, vol. 1243, pp. 273–287."},"scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"publication":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory","title":"Fair simulation"},{"citation":{"ieee":"V. Gupta, T. A. Henzinger, and R. Jagadeesan, “Robust timed automata,” in <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>, Grenoble, France, 1997, vol. 1201, pp. 331–345.","chicago":"Gupta, Vineet, Thomas A Henzinger, and Radha Jagadeesan. “Robust Timed Automata.” In <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>, 1201:331–45. Springer, 1997. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736\">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736</a>.","ama":"Gupta V, Henzinger TA, Jagadeesan R. Robust timed automata. In: <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>. Vol 1201. Springer; 1997:331-345. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736\">10.1007/BFb0014736</a>","short":"V. Gupta, T.A. Henzinger, R. Jagadeesan, in:, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, Springer, 1997, pp. 331–345.","apa":"Gupta, V., Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Jagadeesan, R. (1997). Robust timed automata. In <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i> (Vol. 1201, pp. 331–345). Grenoble, France: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736\">https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736</a>","mla":"Gupta, Vineet, et al. “Robust Timed Automata.” <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems</i>, vol. 1201, Springer, 1997, pp. 331–45, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736\">10.1007/BFb0014736</a>.","ista":"Gupta V, Henzinger TA, Jagadeesan R. 1997. Robust timed automata. Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems. HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, LNCS, vol. 1201, 331–345."},"scopus_import":"1","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"publication":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems","title":"Robust timed automata","date_updated":"2022-08-17T09:04:39Z","status":"public","day":"01","publication_status":"published","page":"331 - 345","oa_version":"None","abstract":[{"text":"We define robust timed automata, which are timed automata that accept all trajectories robustly: if a robust timed automaton accepts a trajectory, then it must accept neighboring trajectories also; and if a robust timed automaton rejects a trajectory, then it must reject neighboring trajectories also. We show that the emptiness problem for robust timed automata is still decidable, by modifying the region construction for timed automata. We then show that, like timed automata, robust timed automata cannot be determinized. This result is somewhat unexpected, given that in temporal logic, the removal of realtime equality constraints is known to lead to a decidable theory that is closed under all boolean operations.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:09:17Z","acknowledgement":"The first and third author were supported in part by grants from ARPA and ONR. The second author was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. The third author was also supported by the NSF.","conference":{"location":"Grenoble, France","start_date":"1997-03-26","end_date":"1997-03-28","name":"HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems"},"article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","user_id":"ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17","intvolume":"      1201","month":"01","publist_id":"207","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783540626008"]},"quality_controlled":"1","volume":1201,"doi":"10.1007/BFb0014736","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"1997","publisher":"Springer","type":"conference","author":[{"last_name":"Gupta","full_name":"Gupta, Vineet","first_name":"Vineet"},{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A"},{"last_name":"Jagadeesan","first_name":"Radha","full_name":"Jagadeesan, Radha"}],"_id":"4520","date_published":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z"}]