--- _id: '1942' alternative_title: - 'Photosynthesis: from light to biosphere' author: - first_name: Leonid A full_name: Leonid Sazanov id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sazanov orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989 - first_name: P full_name: Burrows, P last_name: Burrows - first_name: P J full_name: Nixon, P J last_name: Nixon citation: ama: 'Sazanov LA, Burrows P, Nixon PJ. Presence of a large protein complex containing the ndhK gene product and possessing NADH-specific dehydrogenase activity in thylakoid membranes of higher plant chloroplasts. In: Vol 2. Kluwer; 1996:705-708.' apa: 'Sazanov, L. A., Burrows, P., & Nixon, P. J. (1996). Presence of a large protein complex containing the ndhK gene product and possessing NADH-specific dehydrogenase activity in thylakoid membranes of higher plant chloroplasts (Vol. 2, pp. 705–708). Presented at the IPC: International Photosynthesis Congress, Kluwer.' chicago: Sazanov, Leonid A, P Burrows, and P J Nixon. “Presence of a Large Protein Complex Containing the NdhK Gene Product and Possessing NADH-Specific Dehydrogenase Activity in Thylakoid Membranes of Higher Plant Chloroplasts,” 2:705–8. Kluwer, 1996. ieee: 'L. A. Sazanov, P. Burrows, and P. J. Nixon, “Presence of a large protein complex containing the ndhK gene product and possessing NADH-specific dehydrogenase activity in thylakoid membranes of higher plant chloroplasts,” presented at the IPC: International Photosynthesis Congress, 1996, vol. 2, pp. 705–708.' ista: 'Sazanov LA, Burrows P, Nixon PJ. 1996. Presence of a large protein complex containing the ndhK gene product and possessing NADH-specific dehydrogenase activity in thylakoid membranes of higher plant chloroplasts. IPC: International Photosynthesis Congress, Photosynthesis: from light to biosphere, vol. 2, 705–708.' mla: Sazanov, Leonid A., et al. Presence of a Large Protein Complex Containing the NdhK Gene Product and Possessing NADH-Specific Dehydrogenase Activity in Thylakoid Membranes of Higher Plant Chloroplasts. Vol. 2, Kluwer, 1996, pp. 705–08. short: L.A. Sazanov, P. Burrows, P.J. Nixon, in:, Kluwer, 1996, pp. 705–708. conference: name: 'IPC: International Photosynthesis Congress' date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:50Z date_published: 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:54:14Z day: '01' extern: 1 intvolume: ' 2' month: '01' page: 705 - 708 publication_status: published publisher: Kluwer publist_id: '5143' quality_controlled: 0 status: public title: Presence of a large protein complex containing the ndhK gene product and possessing NADH-specific dehydrogenase activity in thylakoid membranes of higher plant chloroplasts type: conference volume: 2 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '1951' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Leonid A full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sazanov orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989 - first_name: Paul full_name: Burrows, Paul last_name: Burrows - first_name: Peter full_name: Nixon, Peter last_name: Nixon citation: ama: Sazanov LA, Burrows P, Nixon P. Detection and characterization of a complex I-like NADH-specific dehydrogenase from pea thylakoids. Biochemical Society Transactions. 1996;24(3):739-743. doi:10.1042/bst0240739 apa: Sazanov, L. A., Burrows, P., & Nixon, P. (1996). Detection and characterization of a complex I-like NADH-specific dehydrogenase from pea thylakoids. Biochemical Society Transactions. Portland Press. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0240739 chicago: Sazanov, Leonid A, Paul Burrows, and Peter Nixon. “Detection and Characterization of a Complex I-like NADH-Specific Dehydrogenase from Pea Thylakoids.” Biochemical Society Transactions. Portland Press, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0240739. ieee: L. A. Sazanov, P. Burrows, and P. Nixon, “Detection and characterization of a complex I-like NADH-specific dehydrogenase from pea thylakoids,” Biochemical Society Transactions, vol. 24, no. 3. Portland Press, pp. 739–743, 1996. ista: Sazanov LA, Burrows P, Nixon P. 1996. Detection and characterization of a complex I-like NADH-specific dehydrogenase from pea thylakoids. Biochemical Society Transactions. 24(3), 739–743. mla: Sazanov, Leonid A., et al. “Detection and Characterization of a Complex I-like NADH-Specific Dehydrogenase from Pea Thylakoids.” Biochemical Society Transactions, vol. 24, no. 3, Portland Press, 1996, pp. 739–43, doi:10.1042/bst0240739. short: L.A. Sazanov, P. Burrows, P. Nixon, Biochemical Society Transactions 24 (1996) 739–743. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:53Z date_published: 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-16T08:25:02Z day: '01' doi: 10.1042/bst0240739 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8878837' intvolume: ' 24' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 739 - 743 pmid: 1 publication: Biochemical Society Transactions publication_identifier: issn: - 0300-5127 publication_status: published publisher: Portland Press publist_id: '5131' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Detection and characterization of a complex I-like NADH-specific dehydrogenase from pea thylakoids type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 24 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '1952' abstract: - lang: eng text: Two strains of Rhodospirillum rubrum were constructed in which, by a gene dosage effect, the transhydrogenase activity of isolated chromatophores was increased 7-10-fold and 15-20-fold, respectively. The H+/H- ratio (the ratio of protons translocated per hydride ion equivalent transferred from NADPH to an NAD+ analogue, acetyl pyridine adenine dinucleotide), determined by a spectroscopic technique, was approximately 1.0 for chromatophores from the over-expressing strains, but was only approximately 0.6 for wild-type chromatophores. Highly-coupled proteoliposomes were prepared containing purified transhydrogenase from beef-heart mitochondria. Using the same technique, the H+/H- ratio was close to 1.0 for these proteoliposomes. It is suggested that the mechanistic H+/H- ratio is indeed unity, but that a low ratio is obtained in wild-type chromatophores because of inhomogeneity in the vesicle population. acknowledgement: L.A.S. would like to thank the Wellcome Trust, and T.B., the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, for financial support. We are very grateful to Nick Cotton for helpful advice. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Tania full_name: Bizouarn, Tania last_name: Bizouarn - first_name: Leonid A full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sazanov orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989 - first_name: Sébastien full_name: Aubourg, Sébastien last_name: Aubourg - first_name: Julie full_name: Jackson, Julie last_name: Jackson citation: ama: Bizouarn T, Sazanov LA, Aubourg S, Jackson J. Estimation of the H+/H- ratio of the reaction catalysed by the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase in chromatophores from over-expressing strains of Rhodospirillum rubrum and in liposomes inlaid with the purified bovine enzyme. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1996;1273(1):4-12. doi:10.1016/0005-2728(95)00125-5 apa: Bizouarn, T., Sazanov, L. A., Aubourg, S., & Jackson, J. (1996). Estimation of the H+/H- ratio of the reaction catalysed by the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase in chromatophores from over-expressing strains of Rhodospirillum rubrum and in liposomes inlaid with the purified bovine enzyme. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(95)00125-5 chicago: Bizouarn, Tania, Leonid A Sazanov, Sébastien Aubourg, and Julie Jackson. “Estimation of the H+/H- Ratio of the Reaction Catalysed by the Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase in Chromatophores from over-Expressing Strains of Rhodospirillum Rubrum and in Liposomes Inlaid with the Purified Bovine Enzyme.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(95)00125-5. ieee: T. Bizouarn, L. A. Sazanov, S. Aubourg, and J. Jackson, “Estimation of the H+/H- ratio of the reaction catalysed by the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase in chromatophores from over-expressing strains of Rhodospirillum rubrum and in liposomes inlaid with the purified bovine enzyme,” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, vol. 1273, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 4–12, 1996. ista: Bizouarn T, Sazanov LA, Aubourg S, Jackson J. 1996. Estimation of the H+/H- ratio of the reaction catalysed by the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase in chromatophores from over-expressing strains of Rhodospirillum rubrum and in liposomes inlaid with the purified bovine enzyme. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1273(1), 4–12. mla: Bizouarn, Tania, et al. “Estimation of the H+/H- Ratio of the Reaction Catalysed by the Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase in Chromatophores from over-Expressing Strains of Rhodospirillum Rubrum and in Liposomes Inlaid with the Purified Bovine Enzyme.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, vol. 1273, no. 1, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 4–12, doi:10.1016/0005-2728(95)00125-5. short: T. Bizouarn, L.A. Sazanov, S. Aubourg, J. Jackson, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics 1273 (1996) 4–12. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:53Z date_published: 1996-01-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-16T12:35:22Z day: '11' doi: 10.1016/0005-2728(95)00125-5 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8573594 ' intvolume: ' 1273' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 4 - 12 pmid: 1 publication: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics publication_identifier: issn: - 0005-2728 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '5132' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Estimation of the H+/H- ratio of the reaction catalysed by the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase in chromatophores from over-expressing strains of Rhodospirillum rubrum and in liposomes inlaid with the purified bovine enzyme type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1273 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '6161' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The tra-1 gene is a terminal regulator of somatic sex in Caenorhabditis elegans: high tra-1 activity elicits female development, low tra-1 activity elicits male development. To investigate the function and evolution of tra- 1, we examined the tra-1 gene from the closely related nematode C. briggsae. Ce-tra-1 and Cb-tra-1 are unusually divergent. Each gene generates two transcripts, but only one of these is present in both species. This common transcript encodes TRA-1A, which shows only 44% amino acid identity between the species, a figure much lower than that for previously compared genes. A Cb-tra-1 transgene rescues many tissues of tra-1(null) mutants of C. elegans but not the somatic gonad or germ line. This transgene also causes nongonadal feminization of XO animals, indicating incorrect sexual regulation. Alignment of Ce-TRA-1A and Cb-TRA-1A defined several conserved regions likely to be important for tra-1 function. The phenotype differences between Ce-tra- 1(null) mutants rescued by Cb-tra-1 transgenes and wild-type C. elegans indicate significant divergence of regulatory regions. These molecular and functional studies suggest that evolution of sex determination in nematodes is rapid and genetically complex.' author: - first_name: Mario full_name: de Bono, Mario id: 4E3FF80E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: de Bono orcid: 0000-0001-8347-0443 - first_name: J. full_name: Hodgkin, J. last_name: Hodgkin citation: ama: 'de Bono M, Hodgkin J. Evolution of sex determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually high divergence of tra-1 and its functional consequences. Genetics. 1996;144(2):587-595.' apa: 'de Bono, M., & Hodgkin, J. (1996). Evolution of sex determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually high divergence of tra-1 and its functional consequences. Genetics. Genetics Society of America.' chicago: 'Bono, Mario de, and J. Hodgkin. “Evolution of Sex Determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually High Divergence of Tra-1 and Its Functional Consequences.” Genetics. Genetics Society of America, 1996.' ieee: 'M. de Bono and J. Hodgkin, “Evolution of sex determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually high divergence of tra-1 and its functional consequences,” Genetics, vol. 144, no. 2. Genetics Society of America, pp. 587–595, 1996.' ista: 'de Bono M, Hodgkin J. 1996. Evolution of sex determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually high divergence of tra-1 and its functional consequences. Genetics. 144(2), 587–595.' mla: 'de Bono, Mario, and J. Hodgkin. “Evolution of Sex Determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually High Divergence of Tra-1 and Its Functional Consequences.” Genetics, vol. 144, no. 2, Genetics Society of America, 1996, pp. 587–95.' short: M. de Bono, J. Hodgkin, Genetics 144 (1996) 587–595. date_created: 2019-03-21T11:50:37Z date_published: 1996-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:06:28Z day: '01' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8889522' intvolume: ' 144' issue: '2' keyword: - amino acid sequence - article - caenorhabditis elegans - evolution - genetic variability - nonhuman - priority journal - sex determination - Amino Acid Sequence - Animals - Animals - Genetically Modified - Base Sequence - Caenorhabditis - Caenorhabditis elegans - Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins - DNA - Helminth - DNA-Binding Proteins - Evolution - Molecular - Female - Helminth Proteins - Membrane Proteins - Molecular Sequence Data - Mutagenesis - RNA - Messenger - Sequence Homology - Amino Acid - Sex Determination (Analysis) - Transcription Factors - Transgenes - Turner Syndrome - Animalia - Caenorhabditis - Caenorhabditis briggsae - Caenorhabditis elegans - Nematoda language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1207552/ month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 587-595 pmid: 1 publication: Genetics publication_identifier: issn: - '00166731' publication_status: published publisher: Genetics Society of America quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Evolution of sex determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually high divergence of tra-1 and its functional consequences' type: journal_article user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 144 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '11761' abstract: - lang: eng text: We prove that in an undirected graph there are at most O(n²) cuts of size strictly less than of the size of the minimum cut. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: David P. full_name: Williamson, David P. last_name: Williamson citation: ama: Henzinger MH, Williamson DP. On the number of small cuts in a graph. Information Processing Letters. 1996;59(1):41-44. doi:10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8 apa: Henzinger, M. H., & Williamson, D. P. (1996). On the number of small cuts in a graph. Information Processing Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8 chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, and David P. Williamson. “On the Number of Small Cuts in a Graph.” Information Processing Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8. ieee: M. H. Henzinger and D. P. Williamson, “On the number of small cuts in a graph,” Information Processing Letters, vol. 59, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 41–44, 1996. ista: Henzinger MH, Williamson DP. 1996. On the number of small cuts in a graph. Information Processing Letters. 59(1), 41–44. mla: Henzinger, Monika H., and David P. Williamson. “On the Number of Small Cuts in a Graph.” Information Processing Letters, vol. 59, no. 1, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 41–44, doi:10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8. short: M.H. Henzinger, D.P. Williamson, Information Processing Letters 59 (1996) 41–44. date_created: 2022-08-08T11:49:48Z date_published: 1996-07-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-09-12T09:39:51Z day: '08' doi: 10.1016/0020-0190(96)00079-8 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 59' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 41-44 publication: Information Processing Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0020-0190 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: On the number of small cuts in a graph type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 59 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '11804' abstract: - lang: eng text: "This paper shows how a general technique, called lock-step search, used in dynamic graph algorithms, can be used to improve the running time of two problems arising in program verification and communication protocol design.\r\n(1)We consider the nonemptiness problem for Streett automata: We are given a directed graph G = (V, E) with n = ¦V¦ and m = ¦E¦, and a collection of pairs of subsets of vertices, called Streett pairs,〈L i , U i 〉, i = 1.k. The question is whether G has a cycle (not necessarily simple) which, for each 1 ≤ i ≤ k, if it contains a vertex from L i then it also contains a vertex of U i . Let b=Σ i=1..k |L i |+|U i |. The previously best algorithm takes time O((m + b) min{n, k}). We present an algorithm that takes time \U0001D442(\U0001D45Amin{\U0001D45A\U0001D459\U0001D45C\U0001D454\U0001D45B,‾‾‾‾‾‾√\U0001D458,\U0001D45B}+\U0001D44F\U0001D45A\U0001D456\U0001D45B{\U0001D459\U0001D45C\U0001D454\U0001D45B,\U0001D458}).\r\n(2)In communication protocol pruning we are given a directed graph G = (V, E) with l special vertices. The problem is to efficiently maintain the strongly-connected components of the special vertices on a restricted set of edge deletions. Let m i be the number of edges in the strongly connected component of the ith special vertex. The previously best algorithm repeatedly recomputes the strongly-connected components which leads to a running time of O(Σ i m 2i). We present an algorithm with time \U0001D442(\U0001D459√∑\U0001D456\U0001D45A1.5\U0001D456)." alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Jan Arne full_name: Telle, Jan Arne last_name: Telle citation: ama: 'Henzinger MH, Telle JA. Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning. In: 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory. Vol 1097. Springer Nature; 1996:16–27. doi:10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117' apa: 'Henzinger, M. H., & Telle, J. A. (1996). Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning. In 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory (Vol. 1097, pp. 16–27). Reykjavik, Iceland: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117' chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, and Jan Arne Telle. “Faster Algorithms for the Nonemptiness of Streett Automata and for Communication Protocol Pruning.” In 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, 1097:16–27. Springer Nature, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117. ieee: M. H. Henzinger and J. A. Telle, “Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning,” in 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1996, vol. 1097, pp. 16–27. ista: 'Henzinger MH, Telle JA. 1996. Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning. 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory. SWAT: Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, LNCS, vol. 1097, 16–27.' mla: Henzinger, Monika H., and Jan Arne Telle. “Faster Algorithms for the Nonemptiness of Streett Automata and for Communication Protocol Pruning.” 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, vol. 1097, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 16–27, doi:10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117. short: M.H. Henzinger, J.A. Telle, in:, 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 16–27. conference: end_date: 1996-07-05 location: Reykjavik, Iceland name: 'SWAT: Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory' start_date: 1996-07-03 date_created: 2022-08-11T13:42:42Z date_published: 1996-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-14T07:52:17Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-61422-2_117 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1097' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 16–27 publication: 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Algorithm Theory publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783540685296' eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783540614227' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Faster algorithms for the nonemptiness of streett automata and for communication protocol pruning type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 1097 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '11910' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We state a new sampling lemma and use it to improve the running time of dynamic graph algorithms.\r\n\r\nFor the dynamic connectivity problem the previously best randomized algorithm takes expected time O(log3 n) per update, amortized over Ω(m) updates. Using the new sampling lemma, we improve its running time to O(log2 n). There exists a lower bound in the cell probe model for the time per operation of Ω(log n/ log log n) for this problem.\r\n\r\nSimilarly improved running times are achieved for 2-edge connectivity, k-weight minimum spanning tree, and bipartiteness." alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Mikkel full_name: Thorup, Mikkel last_name: Thorup citation: ama: 'Henzinger MH, Thorup M. Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms. In: 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming. Vol 1099. Springer Nature; 1996:290-299. doi:10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136' apa: 'Henzinger, M. H., & Thorup, M. (1996). Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms. In 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (Vol. 1099, pp. 290–299). Paderborn, Germany: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136' chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, and Mikkel Thorup. “Improved Sampling with Applications to Dynamic Graph Algorithms.” In 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, 1099:290–99. Springer Nature, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136. ieee: M. H. Henzinger and M. Thorup, “Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms,” in 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Paderborn, Germany, 1996, vol. 1099, pp. 290–299. ista: 'Henzinger MH, Thorup M. 1996. Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms. 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming. ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, LNCS, vol. 1099, 290–299.' mla: Henzinger, Monika H., and Mikkel Thorup. “Improved Sampling with Applications to Dynamic Graph Algorithms.” 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, vol. 1099, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 290–99, doi:10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136. short: M.H. Henzinger, M. Thorup, in:, 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Springer Nature, 1996, pp. 290–299. conference: end_date: 1996-07-12 location: Paderborn, Germany name: 'ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming' start_date: 1996-07-08 date_created: 2022-08-18T06:42:24Z date_published: 1996-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-14T07:57:14Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-61440-0_136 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1099' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 290-299 publication: 23rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783540685807' eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783540614401' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Improved sampling with applications to dynamic graph algorithms type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 1099 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '11927' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We are given a set 7 = {Tl , Tz, . . . , Tk} of rooted binary trees, each Ti leaf-labeled by a subset L(x) c {1,2 )...) n}. IfT is a tree on {1,2, . . , n}, we let T]L denote the subtree of T induced by the nodes of L and all their ancestors. The consensus tree problem asks whether there exists a tree T* such that for every I, T’ IC(Ti) is homeomorphic to Ti. We present algorithms which test if a given set of trees has a consensus tree and if so, construct one. The deterministic algorithm takes time min{O(mn’/‘), O(m + n2 logn)}, where m = Ci IZl and uses linear space. The randomized algorithm takes\r\ntime O(m log3 n) and uses linear space. The previous best for this problem was an 1981 O(mn) algorithm by Aho et al. Our faster deterministic algorithm uses a new efficient algorithm for the following interesting dynamic graph problem: Given a graph G with n nodes and m edges and a sequence of b batches of one or more edge deletions, then after each batch, either find a new component that has just been created or determine that there is no such component. For this\r\nproblem, we have a simple algorithm with running time O(n2 log n + be min{ n2, m log n}), where be is the number of batches which do not result in a new component. For our particular application, bc 5 1. If all edges are deleted, then the best previously known deterministic algorithm requires time O(mJ;ii) to solve this problem. computational evolutionary biology. The first application is in the problem of inferring consensus of trees when there can be disagreement[l6]. There have, been several models suggested for this problem[2, 3, 4, 8, ?, 11, 17, 181, of which one is called the Local Consensus Tree[l5]. The local consensus tree model presumes that the user provides a local consensus rule which determines the form of the output tree on (perhaps) each triple of leaves, and the objective is to determine whether a tree exists which is consistent with each of the constraints. We will show that we can construct the local consensus tree of k trees on n species in O(kn3) time, improving on the O(lcn3 + n”) running time if we use the Aho et al algorithm. The second application is a\r\nheuristic for constructing the maximum likelihood tree based upon combining solutions to small subproblems.\r\nThis is a simple and yet potentially significantly interesting approach to the evolutionary tree construction\r\nproblem. " article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Valerie full_name: King, Valerie last_name: King - first_name: Tandy full_name: Warnow, Tandy last_name: Warnow citation: ama: 'Henzinger MH, King V, Warnow T. Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology. In: 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics; 1996:333-340.' apa: 'Henzinger, M. H., King, V., & Warnow, T. (1996). Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology. In 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (pp. 333–340). Atlanta, GA, United States: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.' chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, Valerie King, and Tandy Warnow. “Constructing a Tree from Homeomorphic Subtrees, with Applications to Computational Evolutionary Biology.” In 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 333–40. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1996. ieee: M. H. Henzinger, V. King, and T. Warnow, “Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology,” in 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Atlanta, GA, United States, 1996, pp. 333–340. ista: 'Henzinger MH, King V, Warnow T. 1996. Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology. 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 333–340.' mla: Henzinger, Monika H., et al. “Constructing a Tree from Homeomorphic Subtrees, with Applications to Computational Evolutionary Biology.” 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1996, pp. 333–40. short: M.H. Henzinger, V. King, T. Warnow, in:, 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1996, pp. 333–340. conference: end_date: 1996-01-30 location: Atlanta, GA, United States name: 'SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms' start_date: 1996-01-28 date_created: 2022-08-19T06:57:47Z date_published: 1996-01-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-21T16:24:53Z day: '28' extern: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/313852.314080 month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 333 -340 publication: 7th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms publication_identifier: isbn: - '0898713668' publication_status: published publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '11679' relation: later_version status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Constructing a tree from homeomorphic subtrees, with applications to computational evolutionary biology type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2492' abstract: - lang: eng text: The metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes mGluR2 and mGluR5, which are thought to be coupled respectively to the inhibitory cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) cascade and the phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis/Ca2+ cascade, are known to be expressed on Golgi cells in the granular layer of the rat cerebellar cortex. In the present immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody against mGluR2 and a polyclonal antibody for mGluR5, we examined whether or not mGluR2- and mGluR5-like immunoreactivities were both present in single Golgi cells in the rat cerebellar cortex. In double immunofluorescence histochemistry, no Golgi cells showed mGluR2- and mGluR5-like immunoreactivities simultaneously. Of the total number of Golgi cells immunoreactive for mGluR2 or mGluR5, about 90% were mGluR2-like immunoreactive, and about 10% were mGluR5-like immunoreactive. Golgi cells with mGluR2-like immunoreactivity were distributed evenly in the granular layer of all the cerebellar regions, while those with mGluR5-like immunoreactivity were distributed more frequently in the I, II, VII-X lobules of the vermis and the copula pyramidis of the hemisphere than in other cerebellar regions. The results indicate that Golgi cells containing mGluR2 are segregated from those possessing mGluR5. These two populations of Golgi cells, each equipped with a different metabolic glutamate receptor coupled to a different intracellular signal transduction system, may play different roles in the glutamatergic neuronal circuits in the cerebellar cortex. acknowledgement: We thank Mr Akira Uesugi for expert photographic assistance. We also thank Dr Jeremy M. Henley for a critical reading of the manuscript. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Akio full_name: Neki, Akio last_name: Neki - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Neki A, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR2 and mGluR5 are expressed in two non-overlapping populations of Golgi cells in the rat cerebellum. Neuroscience. 1996;75(3):815-826. doi:10.1016/0306-4522(96)00316-8 apa: Neki, A., Ohishi, H., Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR2 and mGluR5 are expressed in two non-overlapping populations of Golgi cells in the rat cerebellum. Neuroscience. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(96)00316-8 chicago: Neki, Akio, Hitoshi Ohishi, Takeshi Kaneko, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors MGluR2 and MGluR5 Are Expressed in Two Non-Overlapping Populations of Golgi Cells in the Rat Cerebellum.” Neuroscience. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(96)00316-8. ieee: A. Neki, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR2 and mGluR5 are expressed in two non-overlapping populations of Golgi cells in the rat cerebellum,” Neuroscience, vol. 75, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 815–826, 1996. ista: Neki A, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1996. Metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR2 and mGluR5 are expressed in two non-overlapping populations of Golgi cells in the rat cerebellum. Neuroscience. 75(3), 815–826. mla: Neki, Akio, et al. “Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors MGluR2 and MGluR5 Are Expressed in Two Non-Overlapping Populations of Golgi Cells in the Rat Cerebellum.” Neuroscience, vol. 75, no. 3, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 815–26, doi:10.1016/0306-4522(96)00316-8. short: A. Neki, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience 75 (1996) 815–826. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:59Z date_published: 1996-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T12:11:03Z day: '01' doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(96)00316-8 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8951875' intvolume: ' 75' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 815 - 826 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience publication_identifier: issn: - 0306-4522 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4409' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR2 and mGluR5 are expressed in two non-overlapping populations of Golgi cells in the rat cerebellum type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 75 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2562' abstract: - lang: eng text: A monoclonal antibody against a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, was produced by using a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein containing an N-terminal sequence of rat mGluR2. Intense mGluR2-like immunoreactivity (mGluR2-LI) was seen mainly in neuropil of the cerebral cortical regions, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, some diencephalic nuclei, dorsal cochlear nucleus and cerebellar cortex. In the cerebellar cortex, mGluR2-LI was seen only in Golgi cells. In Ammon's hem, mGluR2-LI was marked in the stratum lucidum of CA3 and the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1-CA3, but not detected in the stratum pyramidale. The results indicate that mGluR2 is located not only presynaptically but also postsynaptically. acknowledgement: We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Akio full_name: Neki, Akio last_name: Neki - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: 'Neki A, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Pre- and postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody. Neuroscience Letters. 1996;202(3):197-200. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)12248-6' apa: 'Neki, A., Ohishi, H., Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Pre- and postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(95)12248-6' chicago: 'Neki, Akio, Hitoshi Ohishi, Takeshi Kaneko, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Pre- and Postsynaptic Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR2, in the Rat Brain: An Immunohistochemical Study with a Monoclonal Antibody.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(95)12248-6.' ieee: 'A. Neki, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Pre- and postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 202, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 197–200, 1996.' ista: 'Neki A, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1996. Pre- and postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody. Neuroscience Letters. 202(3), 197–200.' mla: 'Neki, Akio, et al. “Pre- and Postsynaptic Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR2, in the Rat Brain: An Immunohistochemical Study with a Monoclonal Antibody.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 202, no. 3, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 197–200, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)12248-6.' short: A. Neki, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 202 (1996) 197–200. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:24Z date_published: 1996-01-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T12:04:18Z day: '05' doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(95)12248-6 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8848265' intvolume: ' 202' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 197 - 200 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0304-3940 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4335' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Pre- and postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 202 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2564' abstract: - lang: eng text: The distribution of the neuromedin K receptor (NK3; NKR) in the central nervous system was investigated in the adult rat by using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques. The rabbit anti-NKR antibody was raised against a bacterial fusion protein containing a C- terminal portion of NKR and affinity purified with a Sepharose 4B column conjugated to the fusion protein. Immunoblot analysis was performed to test the reactivity and specificity of the antibody. Crude membrane was prepared from cDNA-transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing each of the rat NKR, substance P receptor (NK1; SPR), and substance K receptor (NK2; SKR) and from the hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum. Immunoreactive bands were observed specifically in the NKR-CHO cells, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex but not in the SPR- or SKR-CHO cells, nor in the cerebellum. Molecular weights of the immunoreactive bands ranged from 73 to 89 kDa and from 59 to 83 kDa in the NKR-CHO cells and tissues, respectively. The distribution of NKR-like immunoreactivity coincided with that of NKR mRNA. The expression of NKR was indicated on neuronal cell bodies and dendrites. NKR was found to be expressed intensely or moderately in neurons in the glomerular and granule cell layers of the main olfactory bulb; glomerular and mitral cell layers of the accessory olfactory bulb; layers IV and V of the cerebral neocortex; medial septal nucleus; nucleus of the diagonal band; bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; globus pallidus; ventral pallidum; paraventricular nucleus; supraoptic nucleus; zona incerta; dorsal, lateral, and posterior hypothalamic areas; amygdaloid nuclei; medial habenular nucleus; ventral tegmental area; midbrain periaqueductal gray; interpeduncular nuclei; substantia nigra pars compacta; linear, median, dorsal, and pontine raphe nuclei; posteromedial tegmental nucleus; sphenoid nucleus; nucleus of the solitary tract; intermediate and rostroventrolateral reticular nuclei; and lamina II of the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal dorsal horn. These findings are discussed in relation to the physiological functions associated with neuromedin K. acknowledgement: 'We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr. A. Uesugi and the support of Drs. Satoru Fukuchi, Ritsu Hayashi, Sozaburo Hayashi, Mizuho Katsurada, Yutaka Kitani, Keiko Kumagai, Toshihiko Kuroda, Hiroshi Matsu- bara, Hiroshi Matsushima, Chisato Minakuchi, Gonpei Niwa, Hajime Oda, Masahiko Ohbayashi, Sei-ichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, Eizo Watanabe, Kazuo Yoshino, and Toshiaki Yoshino. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Special Research on Priority areas 05267104, Scientific Research (B) 05454658, and Scientific Research (C) 06680735 from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Yu full_name: Ding, Yu last_name: Ding - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Masahiko full_name: Takada, Masahiko last_name: Takada - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Takada M, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Localization of the neuromedin K receptor (NK3) in the central nervous system of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1996;364(2):290-310. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960108)364:2&lt;290::AID-CNE8&gt;3.0.CO;2-0 apa: Ding, Y., Shigemoto, R., Takada, M., Ohishi, H., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Localization of the neuromedin K receptor (NK3) in the central nervous system of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960108)364:2&lt;290::AID-CNE8&gt;3.0.CO;2-0 chicago: Ding, Yu, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Masahiko Takada, Hitoshi Ohishi, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Localization of the Neuromedin K Receptor (NK3) in the Central Nervous System of the Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960108)364:2&lt;290::AID-CNE8&gt;3.0.CO;2-0. ieee: Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, M. Takada, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Localization of the neuromedin K receptor (NK3) in the central nervous system of the rat,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 364, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 290–310, 1996. ista: Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Takada M, Ohishi H, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1996. Localization of the neuromedin K receptor (NK3) in the central nervous system of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 364(2), 290–310. mla: Ding, Yu, et al. “Localization of the Neuromedin K Receptor (NK3) in the Central Nervous System of the Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 364, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, pp. 290–310, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960108)364:2&lt;290::AID-CNE8&gt;3.0.CO;2-0. short: Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, M. Takada, H. Ohishi, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 364 (1996) 290–310. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:25Z date_published: 1996-01-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T09:48:24Z day: '08' doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960108)364:2<290::AID-CNE8>3.0.CO;2-0 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8788251 ' intvolume: ' 364' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 290 - 310 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9967 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '4334' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Localization of the neuromedin K receptor (NK3) in the central nervous system of the rat type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 364 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2565' abstract: - lang: eng text: Immunoreactivity for the metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7) and that for phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG) were examined in the trigeminal (TG), dorsal root (DRG), nodose (NG), superior cervical, celiac, and pelvic ganglia of the rat. Virtually all neuronal cell bodies showed mGluR7-like immunoreactivity (mGluR7-LI) in these ganglia. On the other hand, PAG-like immunoreactivity (PAG) was seen in almost all neuronal cell bodies in the TG, DRG and NG, but not in the other ganglia. Co-existence of mGluR7- and PAG-LI in the TG, DRG and NG was confirmed by a double-immunofluorescence immunohistochemical method. The results indicate that virtually all sensory ganglion neurons are glutamatergic and equipped with mGluR7. acknowledgement: The authors are grateful for the support of Dr. Kajitaro Morita and photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi. This work was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jin full_name: Li, Jin last_name: Li - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Akio full_name: Neki, Akio last_name: Neki - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Li J, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, et al. Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in ganglion neurons of the rat; with special reference to the presence in glutamatergic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience Letters. 1996;204(1-2):9-12. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)12299-0 apa: Li, J., Ohishi, H., Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., Neki, A., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in ganglion neurons of the rat; with special reference to the presence in glutamatergic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(95)12299-0 chicago: Li, Jin, Hitoshi Ohishi, Takeshi Kaneko, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Akio Neki, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Immunohistochemical Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR7, in Ganglion Neurons of the Rat; with Special Reference to the Presence in Glutamatergic Ganglion Neurons.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(95)12299-0. ieee: J. Li et al., “Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in ganglion neurons of the rat; with special reference to the presence in glutamatergic ganglion neurons,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 204, no. 1–2. Elsevier, pp. 9–12, 1996. ista: Li J, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Neki A, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1996. Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in ganglion neurons of the rat; with special reference to the presence in glutamatergic ganglion neurons. Neuroscience Letters. 204(1–2), 9–12. mla: Li, Jin, et al. “Immunohistochemical Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR7, in Ganglion Neurons of the Rat; with Special Reference to the Presence in Glutamatergic Ganglion Neurons.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 204, no. 1–2, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 9–12, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)12299-0. short: J. Li, H. Ohishi, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, A. Neki, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 204 (1996) 9–12. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:25Z date_published: 1996-02-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T09:29:03Z day: '02' doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(95)12299-0 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8929965 ' intvolume: ' 204' issue: 1-2 language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa_version: None page: 9 - 12 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0304-3940 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4333' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Immunohistochemical localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in ganglion neurons of the rat; with special reference to the presence in glutamatergic ganglion neurons type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 204 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2566' abstract: - lang: eng text: The present study indicated presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in projection neurons of the main olfactory bulb of rat. An antibody was produced by using a peptide corresponding to C-terminal 23 amino acids of mouse mGluR8. It was confirmed that the C-terminal 23 amino acids of rat mGluR8 were the same as those of mouse mGluR8 except for one, and that the antibody specifically recognized mGluR8 in the rat rhinencephalon. In layer Ia of the piriform cortex (a target area of projection fibers from the main olfactory bulb), mGluR8-like immunoreactivity (mGluR8-LI) was reduced after transection of the lateral olfactory tract, and mGluR8-LI was observed in axon terminals which were filled with round synaptic vesicles and made asymmetric synapses with dendritic spines. acknowledgement: 'We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help, and to Dr. Toshikazu Fukui, Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. [k)r technical assistance. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Ayae full_name: Kinoshita, Ayae last_name: Kinoshita - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Akio full_name: Neki, Akio last_name: Neki - first_name: Sakashi full_name: Nomura, Sakashi last_name: Nomura - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Masahiko full_name: Takada, Masahiko last_name: Takada - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: 'Kinoshita A, Ohishi H, Neki A, et al. Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in the rhinencephalic areas: A light and electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 1996;207(1):61-64. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12489-7' apa: 'Kinoshita, A., Ohishi, H., Neki, A., Nomura, S., Shigemoto, R., Takada, M., … Mizuno, N. (1996). Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in the rhinencephalic areas: A light and electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12489-7' chicago: 'Kinoshita, Ayae, Hitoshi Ohishi, Akio Neki, Sakashi Nomura, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Masahiko Takada, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Presynaptic Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR8, in the Rhinencephalic Areas: A Light and Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12489-7.' ieee: 'A. Kinoshita et al., “Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in the rhinencephalic areas: A light and electron microscope study in the rat,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 207, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 61–64, 1996.' ista: 'Kinoshita A, Ohishi H, Neki A, Nomura S, Shigemoto R, Takada M, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1996. Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in the rhinencephalic areas: A light and electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 207(1), 61–64.' mla: 'Kinoshita, Ayae, et al. “Presynaptic Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR8, in the Rhinencephalic Areas: A Light and Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 207, no. 1, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 61–64, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12489-7.' short: A. Kinoshita, H. Ohishi, A. Neki, S. Nomura, R. Shigemoto, M. Takada, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 207 (1996) 61–64. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:25Z date_published: 1996-03-22T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T09:24:06Z day: '22' doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(96)12489-7 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8710211 ' intvolume: ' 207' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None page: 61 - 64 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0304-3940 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4332' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in the rhinencephalic areas: A light and electron microscope study in the rat' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 207 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2567' abstract: - lang: eng text: Trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic-tact neurons provided with substance P receptor (SPR) were examined in the rat by SPR immunofluorescence histochemistry combined with Fluoro-Gold (FG) fluorescent retrograde labeling. After FG injection in the thalamic regions, FG-labeled cells with SPR-like immunoreactivity were seen mainly in laminae I and m of the medullary and spinal dorsal horns and lateral spinal nucleus. In these regions, about one-fourth to one-third of FG-labeled cells showed SPR-like immunoreactivity. acknowledgement: "The authors are grateful for support of Dr. Kajitaro Morita in the Morita Clinic of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at Kadoma, Osaka, and for photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. \r\n" article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jin full_name: Li, Jin last_name: Li - first_name: Yu full_name: Ding, Yu last_name: Ding - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Li J, Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. Distribution of trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic-tract neurons showing substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. Brain Research. 1996;719(1-2):207-212. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00064-9 apa: Li, J., Ding, Y., Shigemoto, R., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Distribution of trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic-tract neurons showing substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. Brain Research. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(96)00064-9 chicago: Li, Jin, Yu Ding, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Noboru Mizuno. “Distribution of Trigeminothalamic and Spinothalamic-Tract Neurons Showing Substance P Receptor-like Immunoreactivity in the Rat.” Brain Research. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(96)00064-9. ieee: J. Li, Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, and N. Mizuno, “Distribution of trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic-tract neurons showing substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat,” Brain Research, vol. 719, no. 1–2. Elsevier, pp. 207–212, 1996. ista: Li J, Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. 1996. Distribution of trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic-tract neurons showing substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. Brain Research. 719(1–2), 207–212. mla: Li, Jin, et al. “Distribution of Trigeminothalamic and Spinothalamic-Tract Neurons Showing Substance P Receptor-like Immunoreactivity in the Rat.” Brain Research, vol. 719, no. 1–2, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 207–12, doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00064-9. short: J. Li, Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, Brain Research 719 (1996) 207–212. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:26Z date_published: 1996-05-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T08:25:35Z day: '06' doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(96)00064-9 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8782883 ' intvolume: ' 719' issue: 1-2 language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa_version: None page: 207 - 212 pmid: 1 publication: Brain Research publication_identifier: issn: - 0006-8993 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4330' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Distribution of trigeminothalamic and spinothalamic-tract neurons showing substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 719 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2568' abstract: - lang: eng text: Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, was immunohistochemically examined in the rat cerebellum with an antibody, which was produced by using a synthetic peptide corresponding to a C-terminal sequence of rat mGluR4a. Marked mGluR4a-like immunoreactivity (mGluRLta-LI) was seen in neuropil of the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. Electron microscopically, mGluR4a-LI was observed in many axon terminals in the molecular layer. These axon terminals showing mGluR4a-LI were filled with round synaptic vesicles and were in asymmetric synaptic contacts most frequently with dendritic spines. The results indicate that mGluR4a are located presynaptically in the parallel fibers arising from the granule cells in the cerebellar cortex. acknowledgement: We are grateful to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Ayae full_name: Kinoshita, Ayae last_name: Kinoshita - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Sakashi full_name: Nomura, Sakashi last_name: Nomura - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: 'Kinoshita A, Ohishi H, Nomura S, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, in the cerebellar cortex: A light and electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 1996;207(3):199-202. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12519-2' apa: 'Kinoshita, A., Ohishi, H., Nomura, S., Shigemoto, R., Nakanishi, S., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, in the cerebellar cortex: A light and electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12519-2' chicago: 'Kinoshita, Ayae, Hitoshi Ohishi, Sakashi Nomura, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Shigetada Nakanishi, and Noboru Mizuno. “Presynaptic Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR4a, in the Cerebellar Cortex: A Light and Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12519-2.' ieee: 'A. Kinoshita, H. Ohishi, S. Nomura, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, and N. Mizuno, “Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, in the cerebellar cortex: A light and electron microscope study in the rat,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 207, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 199–202, 1996.' ista: 'Kinoshita A, Ohishi H, Nomura S, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1996. Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, in the cerebellar cortex: A light and electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 207(3), 199–202.' mla: 'Kinoshita, Ayae, et al. “Presynaptic Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR4a, in the Cerebellar Cortex: A Light and Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 207, no. 3, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 199–202, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12519-2.' short: A. Kinoshita, H. Ohishi, S. Nomura, R. Shigemoto, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 207 (1996) 199–202. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:26Z date_published: 1996-04-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T09:06:18Z day: '05' doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(96)12519-2 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8728484' intvolume: ' 207' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa_version: None page: 199 - 202 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0304-3940 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4331' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, in the cerebellar cortex: A light and electron microscope study in the rat' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 207 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2569' abstract: - lang: eng text: Morphological substrates for interactions between γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and substance P upon neurons expressing substance Preceptor (SPR) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) were investigated by immunocytochemical electron microscopy. In the NST of the rat, many GABA-like immunoreactive axon terminals were in symmetric synaptic contacts with dendritic profiles; they were observed on nearly a half of the SPR-like immunoreactive dendritic profiles in the medial part of the caudal half of the NST. acknowledgement: 'The authors thank Prof. Hui-Min Li for his critical reading of the manuscript and his excellent suggestions. We are also grateful to Ms. Miao-Li Zhang for her assistance in the electron microscopic technique and photography and to Mr. Akira Uesugi for photographic help. This work was supported in part by the Grant (39370240) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Hong full_name: Jia, Hong last_name: Jia - first_name: Bai full_name: Wang, Bai last_name: Wang - first_name: Zhi full_name: Rao, Zhi last_name: Rao - first_name: Ji full_name: Shi, Ji last_name: Shi - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: 'Jia H, Wang B, Rao Z, et al. GABAergic synapses upon neurons expressing substance P receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract: An immunocytochemical electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 1996;210(1):49-52. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12654-9' apa: 'Jia, H., Wang, B., Rao, Z., Shi, J., Shigemoto, R., Kaneko, T., & Mizuno, N. (1996). GABAergic synapses upon neurons expressing substance P receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract: An immunocytochemical electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12654-9' chicago: 'Jia, Hong, Bai Wang, Zhi Rao, Ji Shi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Takeshi Kaneko, and Noboru Mizuno. “GABAergic Synapses upon Neurons Expressing Substance P Receptors in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract: An Immunocytochemical Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)12654-9.' ieee: 'H. Jia et al., “GABAergic synapses upon neurons expressing substance P receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract: An immunocytochemical electron microscope study in the rat,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 210, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 49–52, 1996.' ista: 'Jia H, Wang B, Rao Z, Shi J, Shigemoto R, Kaneko T, Mizuno N. 1996. GABAergic synapses upon neurons expressing substance P receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract: An immunocytochemical electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 210(1), 49–52.' mla: 'Jia, Hong, et al. “GABAergic Synapses upon Neurons Expressing Substance P Receptors in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract: An Immunocytochemical Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 210, no. 1, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 49–52, doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12654-9.' short: H. Jia, B. Wang, Z. Rao, J. Shi, R. Shigemoto, T. Kaneko, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 210 (1996) 49–52. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:26Z date_published: 1996-05-24T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-12T08:18:55Z day: '24' doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(96)12654-9 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8762189' intvolume: ' 210' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa_version: None page: 49 - 52 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0304-3940 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4329' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'GABAergic synapses upon neurons expressing substance P receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract: An immunocytochemical electron microscope study in the rat' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 210 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2570' abstract: - lang: eng text: The probability of synaptic neurotransmitter release from nerve terminals is regulated by presynaptic receptors responding to transmitters released from the same nerve terminal or from terminals of other neurons. The release of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter, is suppressed by presynaptic auto receptors. Here we show that a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR7) in the rat hippocampus is restricted to the presynaptic grid, the site of synaptic vesicle fusion. Pyramidal cell terminals presynaptic to mGluR1α-expressing interneurons have at least a ten-fold higher level of presynaptic mGluR7 than terminals making synapses with pyramidal cells and other types of interneuron. Distinct levels of mGluR7 are found at different synapses made by individual pyramidal axons or even single boutons. These results raise the possibility that presynaptic neurons could regulate the probability of transmitter release at individual synapses according to the postsynaptic target acknowledgement: 'We thank E. Molnar for help in immunoblotting; A. D. Smith for comments on the manuscript; D. Latawiec fortechnical assistance; and P. Jays and F. Kennedy for photographic assistance. This work was partly supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. AK. is supported by the MHB MagyarTudomanyert Foundation and the OTKA Foundation of the Hungarian Government. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Ákos full_name: Kulik, Ákos last_name: Kulik - first_name: John full_name: Roberts, John last_name: Roberts - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Nusser, Zoltán last_name: Nusser - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Péter full_name: Somogyi, Péter last_name: Somogyi citation: ama: Shigemoto R, Kulik Á, Roberts J, et al. Target-cell-specific concentration of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in the presynaptic active zone. Nature. 1996;381(6582):523-525. doi:10.1038/381523a0 apa: Shigemoto, R., Kulik, Á., Roberts, J., Ohishi, H., Nusser, Z., Kaneko, T., & Somogyi, P. (1996). Target-cell-specific concentration of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in the presynaptic active zone. Nature. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/381523a0 chicago: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Ákos Kulik, John Roberts, Hitoshi Ohishi, Zoltán Nusser, Takeshi Kaneko, and Péter Somogyi. “Target-Cell-Specific Concentration of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor in the Presynaptic Active Zone.” Nature. Nature Publishing Group, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1038/381523a0. ieee: R. Shigemoto et al., “Target-cell-specific concentration of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in the presynaptic active zone,” Nature, vol. 381, no. 6582. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 523–525, 1996. ista: Shigemoto R, Kulik Á, Roberts J, Ohishi H, Nusser Z, Kaneko T, Somogyi P. 1996. Target-cell-specific concentration of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in the presynaptic active zone. Nature. 381(6582), 523–525. mla: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Target-Cell-Specific Concentration of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor in the Presynaptic Active Zone.” Nature, vol. 381, no. 6582, Nature Publishing Group, 1996, pp. 523–25, doi:10.1038/381523a0. short: R. Shigemoto, Á. Kulik, J. Roberts, H. Ohishi, Z. Nusser, T. Kaneko, P. Somogyi, Nature 381 (1996) 523–525. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:26Z date_published: 1996-06-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-11T14:45:35Z day: '06' doi: 10.1038/381523a0 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8632825 ' intvolume: ' 381' issue: '6582' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa_version: None page: 523 - 525 pmid: 1 publication: Nature publication_identifier: issn: - 0028-0836 publication_status: published publisher: Nature Publishing Group publist_id: '4328' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Target-cell-specific concentration of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in the presynaptic active zone type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 381 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2571' abstract: - lang: eng text: Subtype 2 of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR2) is expressed in the presynaptic elements of hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapses. Knockout mice deficient in mGluR2 showed no histological changes and no alterations in basal synaptic transmission, paired-pulse facilitation, or tetanus-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) at the mossy fiber-CA3 synapses. Long-term depression (LTD) induced by low-frequency stimulation, however, was almost fully abolished. The mutant mice performed normally in water maze learning tasks. Thus, the presynaptic mGluR2 is essential for inducing LTD at the mossy fiber-CA3 synapses, but this hippocampal LTD does not seem to be required for spatial learning. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Mineto full_name: Yokoi, Mineto last_name: Yokoi - first_name: Kazuto full_name: Kobayashi, Kazuto last_name: Kobayashi - first_name: Toshiya full_name: Manabe, Toshiya last_name: Manabe - first_name: Tomoyuki full_name: Takahashi, Tomoyuki last_name: Takahashi - first_name: Isako full_name: Sakaguchi, Isako last_name: Sakaguchi - first_name: Goro full_name: Katsuura, Goro last_name: Katsuura - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Sakashi full_name: Nomura, Sakashi last_name: Nomura - first_name: Kenji full_name: Nakamura, Kenji last_name: Nakamura - first_name: Kazuki full_name: Nakao, Kazuki last_name: Nakao - first_name: Motoya full_name: Katsuki, Motoya last_name: Katsuki - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi citation: ama: Yokoi M, Kobayashi K, Manabe T, et al. Impairment of hippocampal mossy fiber LTD in mice lacking mGluR2. Science. 1996;273:645-647. doi:10.1126/science.273.5275.645 apa: Yokoi, M., Kobayashi, K., Manabe, T., Takahashi, T., Sakaguchi, I., Katsuura, G., … Nakanishi, S. (1996). Impairment of hippocampal mossy fiber LTD in mice lacking mGluR2. Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5275.645 chicago: Yokoi, Mineto, Kazuto Kobayashi, Toshiya Manabe, Tomoyuki Takahashi, Isako Sakaguchi, Goro Katsuura, Ryuichi Shigemoto, et al. “Impairment of Hippocampal Mossy Fiber LTD in Mice Lacking MGluR2.” Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5275.645. ieee: M. Yokoi et al., “Impairment of hippocampal mossy fiber LTD in mice lacking mGluR2,” Science, vol. 273. American Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 645–647, 1996. ista: Yokoi M, Kobayashi K, Manabe T, Takahashi T, Sakaguchi I, Katsuura G, Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Nomura S, Nakamura K, Nakao K, Katsuki M, Nakanishi S. 1996. Impairment of hippocampal mossy fiber LTD in mice lacking mGluR2. Science. 273, 645–647. mla: Yokoi, Mineto, et al. “Impairment of Hippocampal Mossy Fiber LTD in Mice Lacking MGluR2.” Science, vol. 273, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1996, pp. 645–47, doi:10.1126/science.273.5275.645. short: M. Yokoi, K. Kobayashi, T. Manabe, T. Takahashi, I. Sakaguchi, G. Katsuura, R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, S. Nomura, K. Nakamura, K. Nakao, M. Katsuki, S. Nakanishi, Science 273 (1996) 645–647. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:27Z date_published: 1996-08-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-11T13:53:55Z day: '02' doi: 10.1126/science.273.5275.645 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8662555 ' intvolume: ' 273' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa_version: None page: 645 - 647 pmid: 1 publication: Science publication_identifier: issn: - 0036-8075 publication_status: published publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science publist_id: '4327' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Impairment of hippocampal mossy fiber LTD in mice lacking mGluR2 type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 273 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2572' abstract: - lang: eng text: The distribution of the mRNA for a pituitary adenylate cyclase- activating polypeptide (PACAP) receptor (PACAP-R) was examined in the rat brain, and also in the hypophysis and pineal gland, by in situ hybridization with a specific 35S-labeled riboprobe which was generated from a rat PACAP-R cDNA clone. In the brain, expression of PACAP-R mRNA was most prominent in the periglomerular and granule cells of the olfactory bulb, granule cells of the dentate gyrus, supraoptic nucleus, and area postrema. The expression was also intense in the piriform, cingulate, and retrosplenial cortices, pyramidal cells in CA2, non-pyramidal cells in CA1- CA3, neuronal cells in the hilus of the dentate gyrus, lateral septal nucleus, intercalated amygdaloid nucleus, anterodorsal thalamic nucleus, most of the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei, many regions of the hypothalamus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, hypoglossal nucleus, and lateral reticular nucleus. No significant expression was detected in the mitral and tufted cells in the olfactory bulb, pyramidal cells in CA1 and CA3, posterior nuclear group of the thalamus, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, and Purkinje, Golgi, and granule cells in the cerebellar cortex. Moderate-to-weak expression was further observed in many other regions of the brain. In the cerebellar cortex, presumed Bergmann gila cells showed moderate expression. In the hypophysis, the expression was moderate in the anterior lobe, and weak to moderate in the posterior lobe; no significant expression was observed in the intermediate lobe. In the pineal gland, the expression was very weak, if any. Thus, the expression of PACAP-R was detected not only on neuronal cells but also on some particular glial cells. The present study has shown, for the first time, the exact site of PACAP-R expression in the brain and hypophysis. Although the functional significance of PACAP and PACAP-R in the brain still remains to be clarified, the present results are considered to provide some direction for future functional studies. acknowledgement: We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi and helpful discussions and support of Drs. Shige- tada Nakanishi, Yukihiko Sugimoto, Atsushi Ichikawa, Masabumi Minami, Takeshi Ishihara, Jun Ogasawara, Daisuke Watanabe, Akiko Tani, Yoshihiro Yoshihara, Miwa Kawasaki, Hiroshi Aino, Nobuya Ogawa, Akiko Nishino, and Rie Hosoi. We also thank Ms. Yukiko Sakagami for secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi and helpful discussions and support of Drs. Shige- tada Nakanishi, Yukihiko Sugimoto, Atsushi Ichikawa, Masabumi Minami, Takeshi Ishihara, Jun Ogasawara, Daisuke Watanabe, Akiko Tani, Yoshihiro Yoshihara, Miwa Kawasaki, Hiroshi Aino, Nobuya Ogawa, Akiko Nishino, and Rie Hosoi. We also thank Ms. Yukiko Sakagami for secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi and helpful discussions and support of Drs. Shige- tada Nakanishi, Yukihiko Sugimoto, Atsushi Ichikawa, Masabumi Minami, Takeshi Ishihara, Jun Ogasawara, Daisuke Watanabe, Akiko Tani, Yoshihiro Yoshihara, Miwa Kawasaki, Hiroshi Aino, Nobuya Ogawa, Akiko Nishino, and Rie Hosoi. We also thank Ms. Yukiko Sakagami for secretarial assistance. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan and by grants from Uehara Memorial Foundation and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Hashimoto, Hitoshi last_name: Hashimoto - first_name: Hiroyuki full_name: Nogi, Hiroyuki last_name: Nogi - first_name: Kensaku full_name: Mori, Kensaku last_name: Mori - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Kyohei full_name: Yamamoto, Kyohei last_name: Yamamoto - first_name: Toshio full_name: Matsuda, Toshio last_name: Matsuda - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno - first_name: Shigekazu full_name: Nagata, Shigekazu last_name: Nagata - first_name: Akemichi full_name: Baba, Akemichi last_name: Baba citation: ama: 'Hashimoto H, Nogi H, Mori K, et al. Distribution of the mRNA for a pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1996;371(4):567-577. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960805)371:4&lt;567::AID-CNE6&gt;3.3.CO;2-M' apa: 'Hashimoto, H., Nogi, H., Mori, K., Ohishi, H., Shigemoto, R., Yamamoto, K., … Baba, A. (1996). Distribution of the mRNA for a pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960805)371:4&lt;567::AID-CNE6&gt;3.3.CO;2-M' chicago: 'Hashimoto, Hitoshi, Hiroyuki Nogi, Kensaku Mori, Hitoshi Ohishi, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Kyohei Yamamoto, Toshio Matsuda, Noboru Mizuno, Shigekazu Nagata, and Akemichi Baba. “Distribution of the MRNA for a Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Receptor in the Rat Brain: An in Situ Hybridization Study.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960805)371:4&lt;567::AID-CNE6&gt;3.3.CO;2-M.' ieee: 'H. Hashimoto et al., “Distribution of the mRNA for a pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 371, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 567–577, 1996.' ista: 'Hashimoto H, Nogi H, Mori K, Ohishi H, Shigemoto R, Yamamoto K, Matsuda T, Mizuno N, Nagata S, Baba A. 1996. Distribution of the mRNA for a pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 371(4), 567–577.' mla: 'Hashimoto, Hitoshi, et al. “Distribution of the MRNA for a Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Receptor in the Rat Brain: An in Situ Hybridization Study.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 371, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, pp. 567–77, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960805)371:4&lt;567::AID-CNE6&gt;3.3.CO;2-M.' short: H. Hashimoto, H. Nogi, K. Mori, H. Ohishi, R. Shigemoto, K. Yamamoto, T. Matsuda, N. Mizuno, S. Nagata, A. Baba, Journal of Comparative Neurology 371 (1996) 567–577. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:27Z date_published: 1996-08-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-11T13:20:31Z day: '05' doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960805)371:4<567::AID-CNE6>3.3.CO;2-M extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8841910' intvolume: ' 371' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa_version: None page: 567 - 577 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9967 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '4326' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Distribution of the mRNA for a pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 371 year: '1996' ... --- _id: '2573' abstract: - lang: eng text: Developmental changes of the distribution pattern of substance P receptor (SPR) were investigated immunohistochemically in the rat striatum. The SPR immunoreactivity in the striatum first emerged at postnatal day 1 and transiently showed a patchy pattern of distribution until it displayed the adult pattern of homogeneous distribution by the end of the third postnatal week. The SPR-immunoreactive patches were most marked in the medial and dorsolateral parts of the striatum, as well as in the subcallosal streak. They matched tyrosine hydroxylase-enriched areas and, conversely, avoided calbindin-enriched zones. No neurons within the SPR-immunoreactive patches contained either choline acetyltransferase or somatostatin, which is known to be contained in intrinsic neurons in the striatum. The vast majority of SPR-immunoreactive patch neurons also contained DARPP-32, a phosphoprotein that is expressed in striatal projection neurons with D1 dopamine receptor. The results indicate that SPR-immunoreactive patches which appear transiently in the developing striatum are in register with the striatal patch compartment, and that SPR immunoreactivity within these patches may be expressed on projection neurons rather than intrinsic neurons. Such SPR immunoreactivity in projection neurons in striatal patches may fade out in adulthood. acknowledgement: "We thank Mr. Akira Uesugi and Ms. Miao-Li Zhang for their photographic help. We are also grateful for the support of Dr. Kajitaro Morita in the Morita Clinic of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at Kadoma, Osaka, Japan, and for the support of Drs. Satoru Fukuchi, Ritsu Hayashi, Sozaburo Hayashi, Mizuho Katsurada, Yutaka Kitani, Keiko Kumagai, Toshihiko Kuroda., Hiroshi Matsubara, Hiroshi Matsushita, Chisato Minakuchi, Gonpei Niwa, Hajime Oda, Masahiko Ohbayashi, Sei-ichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, Eizo Watanabe, Kazuo Yoshino, and Toshiaki Yoshino. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Special Research on Priority Areas 05267104, Scientific Research (B) \r\n5454658, and Scientific Research (C) 05680658 and 06680735 from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Hironobu full_name: Tokuno, Hironobu last_name: Tokuno - first_name: Masahiko full_name: Takada, Masahiko last_name: Takada - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Tokuno H, Takada M, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. Patchy distribution of substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the developing rat striatum. Developmental Brain Research. 1996;95(1):107-117. doi:10.1016/0165-3806(96)00080-6 apa: Tokuno, H., Takada, M., Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., & Mizuno, N. (1996). Patchy distribution of substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the developing rat striatum. Developmental Brain Research. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-3806(96)00080-6 chicago: Tokuno, Hironobu, Masahiko Takada, Takeshi Kaneko, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Noboru Mizuno. “Patchy Distribution of Substance P Receptor Immunoreactivity in the Developing Rat Striatum.” Developmental Brain Research. Elsevier, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-3806(96)00080-6. ieee: H. Tokuno, M. Takada, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, and N. Mizuno, “Patchy distribution of substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the developing rat striatum,” Developmental Brain Research, vol. 95, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 107–117, 1996. ista: Tokuno H, Takada M, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. 1996. Patchy distribution of substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the developing rat striatum. Developmental Brain Research. 95(1), 107–117. mla: Tokuno, Hironobu, et al. “Patchy Distribution of Substance P Receptor Immunoreactivity in the Developing Rat Striatum.” Developmental Brain Research, vol. 95, no. 1, Elsevier, 1996, pp. 107–17, doi:10.1016/0165-3806(96)00080-6. short: H. Tokuno, M. Takada, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, Developmental Brain Research 95 (1996) 107–117. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:28Z date_published: 1996-08-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-11T12:07:34Z day: '20' doi: 10.1016/0165-3806(96)00080-6 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8873981 ' intvolume: ' 95' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa_version: None page: 107 - 117 pmid: 1 publication: Developmental Brain Research publication_identifier: issn: - 0165-3806 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4325' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Patchy distribution of substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the developing rat striatum type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 95 year: '1996' ...