---
_id: '14341'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Flows through pipes and channels are, in practice, almost always turbulent,
and the multiscale eddying motion is responsible for a major part of the encountered
friction losses and pumping costs1. Conversely, for pulsatile flows, in particular
for aortic blood flow, turbulence levels remain low despite relatively large peak
velocities. For aortic blood flow, high turbulence levels are intolerable as they
would damage the shear-sensitive endothelial cell layer2,3,4,5. Here we show that
turbulence in ordinary pipe flow is diminished if the flow is driven in a pulsatile
mode that incorporates all the key features of the cardiac waveform. At Reynolds
numbers comparable to those of aortic blood flow, turbulence is largely inhibited,
whereas at much higher speeds, the turbulent drag is reduced by more than 25%.
This specific operation mode is more efficient when compared with steady driving,
which is the present situation for virtually all fluid transport processes ranging
from heating circuits to water, gas and oil pipelines.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: We acknowledge the assistance of the Miba machine shop and the team
of the ISTA-HPC cluster. We thank M. Quadrio for the discussions. The work was supported
by the Simons Foundation (grant no. 662960) and by the Austrian Science Fund (grant
no. I4188-N30), within Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft research unit FOR 2688.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Davide
full_name: Scarselli, Davide
id: 40315C30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Scarselli
orcid: 0000-0001-5227-4271
- first_name: Jose M
full_name: Lopez Alonso, Jose M
id: 40770848-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lopez Alonso
orcid: 0000-0002-0384-2022
- first_name: Atul
full_name: Varshney, Atul
id: 2A2006B2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Varshney
orcid: 0000-0002-3072-5999
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Scarselli D, Lopez Alonso JM, Varshney A, Hof B. Turbulence suppression by
cardiac-cycle-inspired driving of pipe flow. Nature. 2023;621(7977):71-74.
doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06399-5
apa: Scarselli, D., Lopez Alonso, J. M., Varshney, A., & Hof, B. (2023). Turbulence
suppression by cardiac-cycle-inspired driving of pipe flow. Nature. Springer
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06399-5
chicago: Scarselli, Davide, Jose M Lopez Alonso, Atul Varshney, and Björn Hof. “Turbulence
Suppression by Cardiac-Cycle-Inspired Driving of Pipe Flow.” Nature. Springer
Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06399-5.
ieee: D. Scarselli, J. M. Lopez Alonso, A. Varshney, and B. Hof, “Turbulence suppression
by cardiac-cycle-inspired driving of pipe flow,” Nature, vol. 621, no.
7977. Springer Nature, pp. 71–74, 2023.
ista: Scarselli D, Lopez Alonso JM, Varshney A, Hof B. 2023. Turbulence suppression
by cardiac-cycle-inspired driving of pipe flow. Nature. 621(7977), 71–74.
mla: Scarselli, Davide, et al. “Turbulence Suppression by Cardiac-Cycle-Inspired
Driving of Pipe Flow.” Nature, vol. 621, no. 7977, Springer Nature, 2023,
pp. 71–74, doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06399-5.
short: D. Scarselli, J.M. Lopez Alonso, A. Varshney, B. Hof, Nature 621 (2023) 71–74.
date_created: 2023-09-17T22:01:09Z
date_published: 2023-09-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-20T12:10:22Z
day: '07'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06399-5
external_id:
pmid:
- '37673988'
intvolume: ' 621'
issue: '7977'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 71-74
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
grant_number: '662960'
name: 'Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics: Experimental
Studies on Transitional and Turbulent Flows'
- _id: 238B8092-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I04188
name: Instabilities in pulsating pipe flow of Newtonian and complex fluids
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1476-4687
issn:
- 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on ISTA website
relation: press_release
url: https://www.ista.ac.at/en/news/pumping-like-the-heart/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Turbulence suppression by cardiac-cycle-inspired driving of pipe flow
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 621
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10299'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Turbulence generally arises in shear flows if velocities and hence, inertial
forces are sufficiently large. In striking contrast, viscoelastic fluids can exhibit
disordered motion even at vanishing inertia. Intermediate between these cases,
a state of chaotic motion, “elastoinertial turbulence” (EIT), has been observed
in a narrow Reynolds number interval. We here determine the origin of EIT in experiments
and show that characteristic EIT structures can be detected across an unexpectedly
wide range of parameters. Close to onset, a pattern of chevron-shaped streaks
emerges in qualitative agreement with linear and weakly nonlinear theory. However,
in experiments, the dynamics remain weakly chaotic, and the instability can be
traced to far lower Reynolds numbers than permitted by theory. For increasing
inertia, the flow undergoes a transformation to a wall mode composed of inclined
near-wall streaks and shear layers. This mode persists to what is known as the
“maximum drag reduction limit,” and overall EIT is found to dominate viscoelastic
flows across more than three orders of magnitude in Reynolds number.
acknowledgement: We thank Y. Dubief, R. Kerswell, E. Marensi, V. Shankar, V. Steinberg,
and V. Terrapon for discussions and helpful comments. A.V. and B.H. acknowledge
funding from the Austrian Science Fund, grant I4188-N30, within the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
research unit FOR 2688.
article_number: e2102350118
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: George H
full_name: Choueiri, George H
id: 448BD5BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Choueiri
- first_name: Jose M
full_name: Lopez Alonso, Jose M
id: 40770848-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lopez Alonso
orcid: 0000-0002-0384-2022
- first_name: Atul
full_name: Varshney, Atul
id: 2A2006B2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Varshney
orcid: 0000-0002-3072-5999
- first_name: Sarath
full_name: Sankar, Sarath
last_name: Sankar
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Choueiri GH, Lopez Alonso JM, Varshney A, Sankar S, Hof B. Experimental observation
of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences. 2021;118(45). doi:10.1073/pnas.2102350118
apa: Choueiri, G. H., Lopez Alonso, J. M., Varshney, A., Sankar, S., & Hof,
B. (2021). Experimental observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial
turbulence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. National Academy
of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118
chicago: Choueiri, George H, Jose M Lopez Alonso, Atul Varshney, Sarath Sankar,
and Björn Hof. “Experimental Observation of the Origin and Structure of Elastoinertial
Turbulence.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. National
Academy of Sciences, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118.
ieee: G. H. Choueiri, J. M. Lopez Alonso, A. Varshney, S. Sankar, and B. Hof, “Experimental
observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence,” Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 118, no. 45. National Academy of
Sciences, 2021.
ista: Choueiri GH, Lopez Alonso JM, Varshney A, Sankar S, Hof B. 2021. Experimental
observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences. 118(45), e2102350118.
mla: Choueiri, George H., et al. “Experimental Observation of the Origin and Structure
of Elastoinertial Turbulence.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
vol. 118, no. 45, e2102350118, National Academy of Sciences, 2021, doi:10.1073/pnas.2102350118.
short: G.H. Choueiri, J.M. Lopez Alonso, A. Varshney, S. Sankar, B. Hof, Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences 118 (2021).
date_created: 2021-11-17T13:24:24Z
date_published: 2021-11-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-14T11:50:10Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2102350118
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2103.00023'
isi:
- '000720926900019'
pmid:
- ' 34732570'
intvolume: ' 118'
isi: 1
issue: '45'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
- elastoinertial turbulence
- viscoelastic flows
- elastic instability
- drag reduction
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00023
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 238B8092-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I04188
name: Instabilities in pulsating pipe flow of Newtonian and complex fluids
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1091-6490
issn:
- 0027-8424
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Experimental observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 118
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '7932'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Pulsating flows through tubular geometries are laminar provided that velocities
are moderate. This in particular is also believed to apply to cardiovascular flows
where inertial forces are typically too low to sustain turbulence. On the other
hand, flow instabilities and fluctuating shear stresses are held responsible for
a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Here we report a nonlinear instability mechanism
for pulsating pipe flow that gives rise to bursts of turbulence at low flow rates.
Geometrical distortions of small, yet finite, amplitude are found to excite a
state consisting of helical vortices during flow deceleration. The resulting flow
pattern grows rapidly in magnitude, breaks down into turbulence, and eventually
returns to laminar when the flow accelerates. This scenario causes shear stress
fluctuations and flow reversal during each pulsation cycle. Such unsteady conditions
can adversely affect blood vessels and have been shown to promote inflammation
and dysfunction of the shear stress-sensitive endothelial cell layer.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Duo
full_name: Xu, Duo
id: 3454D55E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Xu
- first_name: Atul
full_name: Varshney, Atul
id: 2A2006B2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Varshney
orcid: 0000-0002-3072-5999
- first_name: Xingyu
full_name: Ma, Xingyu
id: 34BADBA6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ma
orcid: 0000-0002-0179-9737
- first_name: Baofang
full_name: Song, Baofang
last_name: Song
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Riedl, Michael
id: 3BE60946-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Riedl
orcid: 0000-0003-4844-6311
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Avila, Marc
last_name: Avila
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Xu D, Varshney A, Ma X, et al. Nonlinear hydrodynamic instability and turbulence
in pulsatile flow. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
States of America. 2020;117(21):11233-11239. doi:10.1073/pnas.1913716117
apa: Xu, D., Varshney, A., Ma, X., Song, B., Riedl, M., Avila, M., & Hof, B.
(2020). Nonlinear hydrodynamic instability and turbulence in pulsatile flow. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National
Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913716117
chicago: Xu, Duo, Atul Varshney, Xingyu Ma, Baofang Song, Michael Riedl, Marc Avila,
and Björn Hof. “Nonlinear Hydrodynamic Instability and Turbulence in Pulsatile
Flow.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. National Academy of Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913716117.
ieee: D. Xu et al., “Nonlinear hydrodynamic instability and turbulence in
pulsatile flow,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
States of America, vol. 117, no. 21. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 11233–11239,
2020.
ista: Xu D, Varshney A, Ma X, Song B, Riedl M, Avila M, Hof B. 2020. Nonlinear hydrodynamic
instability and turbulence in pulsatile flow. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of the United States of America. 117(21), 11233–11239.
mla: Xu, Duo, et al. “Nonlinear Hydrodynamic Instability and Turbulence in Pulsatile
Flow.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America, vol. 117, no. 21, National Academy of Sciences, 2020, pp. 11233–39,
doi:10.1073/pnas.1913716117.
short: D. Xu, A. Varshney, X. Ma, B. Song, M. Riedl, M. Avila, B. Hof, Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117 (2020)
11233–11239.
date_created: 2020-06-07T22:00:51Z
date_published: 2020-05-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-30T10:55:13Z
day: '26'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1913716117
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2005.11190'
isi:
- '000536797100014'
intvolume: ' 117'
isi: 1
issue: '21'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11190
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 11233-11239
project:
- _id: 238B8092-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I04188
name: Instabilities in pulsating pipe flow of Newtonian and complex fluids
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '10916490'
issn:
- '00278424'
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on IST Homepage
relation: press_release
url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/blood-flows-more-turbulent-than-previously-expected/
record:
- id: '12726'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '14530'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nonlinear hydrodynamic instability and turbulence in pulsatile flow
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 117
year: '2020'
...