---
_id: '14726'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Autocrine signaling pathways regulated by RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTORs (RALFs)
    control cell wall integrity during pollen tube germination and growth in Arabidopsis
    (Arabidopsis thaliana). To investigate the role of pollen-specific RALFs in another
    plant species, we combined gene expression data with phylogenetic and biochemical
    studies to identify candidate orthologs in maize (Zea mays). We show that Clade
    IB ZmRALF2/3 mutations, but not Clade III ZmRALF1/5 mutations, cause cell wall
    instability in the sub-apical region of the growing pollen tube. ZmRALF2/3 are
    mainly located in the cell wall and are partially able to complement the pollen
    germination defect of their Arabidopsis orthologs AtRALF4/19. Mutations in ZmRALF2/3
    compromise pectin distribution patterns leading to altered cell wall organization
    and thickness culminating in pollen tube burst. Clade IB, but not Clade III ZmRALFs,
    strongly interact as ligands with the pollen-specific Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like
    (CrRLK1L) receptor kinases Zea mays FERONIA-like (ZmFERL) 4/7/9, LORELEI-like
    glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor (LLG) proteins Zea mays LLG 1 and 2 (ZmLLG1/2)
    and Zea mays pollen extension-like (PEX) cell wall proteins ZmPEX2/4. Notably,
    ZmFERL4 outcompetes ZmLLG2 and ZmPEX2 outcompetes ZmFERL4 for ZmRALF2 binding.
    Based on these data, we suggest that Clade IB RALFs act in a dual role as cell
    wall components and extracellular sensors to regulate cell wall integrity and
    thickness during pollen tube growth in maize and probably other plants.
article_number: koad324
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Liang-Zi
  full_name: Zhou, Liang-Zi
  last_name: Zhou
- first_name: Lele
  full_name: Wang, Lele
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Xia
  full_name: Chen, Xia
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Zengxiang
  full_name: Ge, Zengxiang
  id: f43371a3-09ff-11eb-8013-bd0c6a2f6de8
  last_name: Ge
  orcid: 0000-0001-9381-3577
- first_name: Julia
  full_name: Mergner, Julia
  last_name: Mergner
- first_name: Xingli
  full_name: Li, Xingli
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Bernhard
  full_name: Küster, Bernhard
  last_name: Küster
- first_name: Gernot
  full_name: Längst, Gernot
  last_name: Längst
- first_name: Li-Jia
  full_name: Qu, Li-Jia
  last_name: Qu
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Dresselhaus, Thomas
  last_name: Dresselhaus
citation:
  ama: Zhou L-Z, Wang L, Chen X, et al. The RALF signaling pathway regulates cell
    wall integrity during pollen tube growth in maize. <i>The Plant Cell</i>. 2023.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324">10.1093/plcell/koad324</a>
  apa: Zhou, L.-Z., Wang, L., Chen, X., Ge, Z., Mergner, J., Li, X., … Dresselhaus,
    T. (2023). The RALF signaling pathway regulates cell wall integrity during pollen
    tube growth in maize. <i>The Plant Cell</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324">https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324</a>
  chicago: Zhou, Liang-Zi, Lele Wang, Xia Chen, Zengxiang Ge, Julia Mergner, Xingli
    Li, Bernhard Küster, Gernot Längst, Li-Jia Qu, and Thomas Dresselhaus. “The RALF
    Signaling Pathway Regulates Cell Wall Integrity during Pollen Tube Growth in Maize.”
    <i>The Plant Cell</i>. Oxford University Press, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324">https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324</a>.
  ieee: L.-Z. Zhou <i>et al.</i>, “The RALF signaling pathway regulates cell wall
    integrity during pollen tube growth in maize,” <i>The Plant Cell</i>. Oxford University
    Press, 2023.
  ista: Zhou L-Z, Wang L, Chen X, Ge Z, Mergner J, Li X, Küster B, Längst G, Qu L-J,
    Dresselhaus T. 2023. The RALF signaling pathway regulates cell wall integrity
    during pollen tube growth in maize. The Plant Cell., koad324.
  mla: Zhou, Liang-Zi, et al. “The RALF Signaling Pathway Regulates Cell Wall Integrity
    during Pollen Tube Growth in Maize.” <i>The Plant Cell</i>, koad324, Oxford University
    Press, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324">10.1093/plcell/koad324</a>.
  short: L.-Z. Zhou, L. Wang, X. Chen, Z. Ge, J. Mergner, X. Li, B. Küster, G. Längst,
    L.-J. Qu, T. Dresselhaus, The Plant Cell (2023).
date_created: 2024-01-02T11:19:37Z
date_published: 2023-12-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-03T12:43:41Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '580'
doi: 10.1093/plcell/koad324
extern: '1'
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Cell Biology
- Plant Science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad324
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Plant Cell
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1532-298X
  issn:
  - 1040-4651
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: The RALF signaling pathway regulates cell wall integrity during pollen tube
  growth in maize
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2023'
...