--- _id: '14885' abstract: - lang: eng text: The near-surface boundary layer can mediate the response of mountain glaciers to external climate, cooling the overlying air and promoting a density-driven glacier wind. The fundamental processes are conceptually well understood, though the magnitudes of cooling and presence of glacier winds are poorly quantified in space and time, increasing the forcing uncertainty for melt models. We utilize a new data set of on-glacier meteorological measurements on three neighboring glaciers in the Swiss Alps to explore their distinct response to regional climate under the extreme 2022 summer. We find that synoptic wind origins and local terrain modifications, not only glacier size, play an important role in the ability of a glacier to cool the near-surface air. Warm air intrusions from valley or synoptically-driven winds onto the glacier can occur between ∼19% and 64% of the time and contribute between 3% and 81% of the total sensible heat flux to the surface during warm afternoon hours, depending on the fetch of the glacier flowline and its susceptibility to boundary layer erosion. In the context of extreme summer warmth, indicative of future conditions, the boundary layer cooling (up to 6.5°C cooler than its surroundings) and resultant katabatic wind flow are highly heterogeneous between the study glaciers, highlighting the complex and likely non-linear response of glaciers to an uncertain future. acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101026058. The authors acknowledge the invaluable field assistance of Marta Corrà, Achille Jouberton, Marin Kneib, Stefan Fugger, Celine Ducret and Alexander Groos. The authors would also like to thank Luca Carturan for advice regarding AWS setup and maintenance and Simone Fatichi for provision and support in the use of the Tethys-Chloris model. Open access funding provided by ETH-Bereich Forschungsanstalten. article_number: e2023JD040214 article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Thomas full_name: Shaw, Thomas id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e last_name: Shaw orcid: 0000-0001-7640-6152 - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal id: 317987aa-9421-11ee-ac5a-b941b041abba last_name: Buri - first_name: Michael full_name: Mccarthy, Michael id: 22a2674a-61ce-11ee-94b5-d18813baf16f last_name: Mccarthy - first_name: Evan S. full_name: Miles, Evan S. last_name: Miles - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: 'Shaw T, Buri P, McCarthy M, Miles ES, Pellicciotti F. Local controls on near-surface glacier cooling under warm atmospheric conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2024;129(2). doi:10.1029/2023JD040214' apa: 'Shaw, T., Buri, P., McCarthy, M., Miles, E. S., & Pellicciotti, F. (2024). Local controls on near-surface glacier cooling under warm atmospheric conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040214' chicago: 'Shaw, Thomas, Pascal Buri, Michael McCarthy, Evan S. Miles, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Local Controls on Near-Surface Glacier Cooling under Warm Atmospheric Conditions.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. Wiley, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040214.' ieee: 'T. Shaw, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, E. S. Miles, and F. Pellicciotti, “Local controls on near-surface glacier cooling under warm atmospheric conditions,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 129, no. 2. Wiley, 2024.' ista: 'Shaw T, Buri P, McCarthy M, Miles ES, Pellicciotti F. 2024. Local controls on near-surface glacier cooling under warm atmospheric conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 129(2), e2023JD040214.' mla: 'Shaw, Thomas, et al. “Local Controls on Near-Surface Glacier Cooling under Warm Atmospheric Conditions.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 129, no. 2, e2023JD040214, Wiley, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023JD040214.' short: 'T. Shaw, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, E.S. Miles, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 129 (2024).' date_created: 2024-01-28T23:01:42Z date_published: 2024-01-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-02-06T08:44:02Z day: '28' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.1029/2023JD040214 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: cad5b93caadb40c14e5faedc34f7bba7 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-02-06T08:38:27Z date_updated: 2024-02-06T08:38:27Z file_id: '14943' file_name: 2024_JGRAtmospheres_Shaw.pdf file_size: 7481087 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-02-06T08:38:27Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 129' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres' publication_identifier: eissn: - 2169-8996 issn: - 2169-897X publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '14919' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Local controls on near-surface glacier cooling under warm atmospheric conditions tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 129 year: '2024' ... --- _id: '14938' abstract: - lang: eng text: High elevation headwater catchments are complex hydrological systems that seasonally buffer water and release it in the form of snow and ice melt, modulating downstream runoff regimes and water availability. In High Mountain Asia (HMA), where a wide range of climates from semi-arid to monsoonal exist, the importance of the cryospheric contributions to the water budget varies with the amount and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Losses due to evapotranspiration and sublimation are to date largely unquantified components of the water budget in such catchments, although they can be comparable in magnitude to glacier melt contributions to streamflow. 
Here, we simulate the hydrology of three high elevation headwater catchments in distinct climates in HMA over 10 years using an ecohydrological model geared towards high-mountain areas including snow and glaciers, forced with reanalysis data. 
Our results show that evapotranspiration and sublimation together are most important at the semi-arid site, Kyzylsu, on the northernmost slopes of the Pamir mountain range. Here, the evaporative loss amounts to 28% of the water throughput, which we define as the total water added to, or removed from the water balance within a year. In comparison, evaporative losses are 19% at the Central Himalayan site Langtang and 13% at the wettest site, 24K, on the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. At the three sites, respectively, sublimation removes 15%, 13% and 6% of snowfall, while evapotranspiration removes the equivalent of 76%, 28% and 19% of rainfall. In absolute terms, and across a comparable elevation range, the highest ET flux is 413 mm yr-1 at 24K, while the highest sublimation flux is 91 mm yr-1 at Kyzylsu. During warm and dry years, glacier melt was found to only partially compensate for the annual supply deficit. article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original author: - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan id: 86698d64-c4c6-11ee-af02-cdf1e6a7d31f last_name: Fugger - first_name: Thomas full_name: Shaw, Thomas id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e last_name: Shaw orcid: 0000-0001-7640-6152 - first_name: Achille full_name: Jouberton, Achille last_name: Jouberton - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal id: 317987aa-9421-11ee-ac5a-b941b041abba last_name: Buri - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael id: 22a2674a-61ce-11ee-94b5-d18813baf16f last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Catriona Louise full_name: Fyffe, Catriona Louise id: 001b0422-8d15-11ed-bc51-cab6c037a228 last_name: Fyffe - first_name: Simone full_name: Fatichi, Simone last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Peter full_name: Molnar, Peter last_name: Molnar - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: Fugger S, Shaw T, Jouberton A, et al. Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0 apa: Fugger, S., Shaw, T., Jouberton, A., Miles, E., Buri, P., McCarthy, M., … Pellicciotti, F. (n.d.). Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0 chicago: Fugger, Stefan, Thomas Shaw, Achille Jouberton, Evan Miles, Pascal Buri, Michael McCarthy, Catriona Louise Fyffe, et al. “Hydrological Regimes and Evaporative Flux Partitioning at the Climatic Ends of High Mountain Asia.” Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing, n.d. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0. ieee: S. Fugger et al., “Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of High Mountain Asia,” Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. ista: Fugger S, Shaw T, Jouberton A, Miles E, Buri P, McCarthy M, Fyffe CL, Fatichi S, Kneib M, Molnar P, Pellicciotti F. Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. mla: Fugger, Stefan, et al. “Hydrological Regimes and Evaporative Flux Partitioning at the Climatic Ends of High Mountain Asia.” Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0. short: S. Fugger, T. Shaw, A. Jouberton, E. Miles, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, C.L. Fyffe, S. Fatichi, M. Kneib, P. Molnar, F. Pellicciotti, Environmental Research Letters (n.d.). date_created: 2024-02-05T09:01:11Z date_published: 2024-02-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-02-06T08:35:39Z day: '02' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0 has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - Public Health - Environmental and Occupational Health - General Environmental Science - Renewable Energy - Sustainability and the Environment language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Environmental Research Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 1748-9326 publication_status: accepted publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of High Mountain Asia tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2024' ... --- _id: '14487' abstract: - lang: eng text: High Mountain Asia (HMA) is among the most vulnerable water towers globally and yet future projections of water availability in and from its high-mountain catchments remain uncertain, as their hydrologic response to ongoing environmental changes is complex. Mechanistic modeling approaches incorporating cryospheric, hydrological, and vegetation processes in high spatial, temporal, and physical detail have never been applied for high-elevation catchments of HMA. We use a land surface model at high spatial and temporal resolution (100 m and hourly) to simulate the coupled dynamics of energy, water, and vegetation for the 350 km2 Langtang catchment (Nepal). We compare our model outputs for one hydrological year against a large set of observations to gain insight into the partitioning of the water balance at the subseasonal scale and across elevation bands. During the simulated hydrological year, we find that evapotranspiration is a key component of the total water balance, as it causes about the equivalent of 20% of all the available precipitation or 154% of the water production from glacier melt in the basin to return directly to the atmosphere. The depletion of the cryospheric water budget is dominated by snow melt, but at high elevations is primarily dictated by snow and ice sublimation. Snow sublimation is the dominant vapor flux (49%) at the catchment scale, accounting for the equivalent of 11% of snowfall, 17% of snowmelt, and 75% of ice melt, respectively. We conclude that simulations should consider sublimation and other evaporative fluxes explicitly, as otherwise water balance estimates can be ill-quantified. acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the JSPS-SNSF (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Swiss National Science Foundation) Bilateral Programmes project (HOPE, High-ele-vation precipitation in High Mountain Asia; Grant 183633), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (RAVEN, Rapid mass losses of debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia; Grant 772751). We want to thank in particular T. Gurung, S. Joshi, J. Shea, W. Immerzeel, and others involved, as well as ICIMOD, for their efforts over the past years in observing the meteorology of the Langtang catchment, collecting and organizing the data and making them publicly available. We also thank the National Geographic Society (Grant NGS-61784R-19) and the Mount Everest Foundation (reference 19-24) for providing fieldwork funding for C. L. Fyffe. We thank T. Kramer for help with the WSL Hyperion cluster. We are grate-ful for comments by three anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor, who greatly helped to improve the manuscript further. Open access funding provided by ETH-Bereich Forschungsanstalten. article_number: e2022WR033841 article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal last_name: Buri - first_name: Simone full_name: Fatichi, Simone last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Thomas full_name: Shaw, Thomas id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e last_name: Shaw - first_name: Evan S. full_name: Miles, Evan S. last_name: Miles - first_name: Michael full_name: Mccarthy, Michael id: 22a2674a-61ce-11ee-94b5-d18813baf16f last_name: Mccarthy - first_name: Catriona Louise full_name: Fyffe, Catriona Louise id: 001b0422-8d15-11ed-bc51-cab6c037a228 last_name: Fyffe - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Shaoting full_name: Ren, Shaoting last_name: Ren - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Achille full_name: Jouberton, Achille last_name: Jouberton - first_name: Jakob full_name: Steiner, Jakob last_name: Steiner - first_name: Koji full_name: Fujita, Koji last_name: Fujita - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: 'Buri P, Fatichi S, Shaw T, et al. Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: On the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high-elevation catchment. Water Resources Research. 2023;59(10). doi:10.1029/2022WR033841' apa: 'Buri, P., Fatichi, S., Shaw, T., Miles, E. S., McCarthy, M., Fyffe, C. L., … Pellicciotti, F. (2023). Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: On the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high-elevation catchment. Water Resources Research. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR033841' chicago: 'Buri, Pascal, Simone Fatichi, Thomas Shaw, Evan S. Miles, Michael McCarthy, Catriona Louise Fyffe, Stefan Fugger, et al. “Land Surface Modeling in the Himalayas: On the Importance of Evaporative Fluxes for the Water Balance of a High-Elevation Catchment.” Water Resources Research. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR033841.' ieee: 'P. Buri et al., “Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: On the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high-elevation catchment,” Water Resources Research, vol. 59, no. 10. Wiley, 2023.' ista: 'Buri P, Fatichi S, Shaw T, Miles ES, McCarthy M, Fyffe CL, Fugger S, Ren S, Kneib M, Jouberton A, Steiner J, Fujita K, Pellicciotti F. 2023. Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: On the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high-elevation catchment. Water Resources Research. 59(10), e2022WR033841.' mla: 'Buri, Pascal, et al. “Land Surface Modeling in the Himalayas: On the Importance of Evaporative Fluxes for the Water Balance of a High-Elevation Catchment.” Water Resources Research, vol. 59, no. 10, e2022WR033841, Wiley, 2023, doi:10.1029/2022WR033841.' short: P. Buri, S. Fatichi, T. Shaw, E.S. Miles, M. McCarthy, C.L. Fyffe, S. Fugger, S. Ren, M. Kneib, A. Jouberton, J. Steiner, K. Fujita, F. Pellicciotti, Water Resources Research 59 (2023). date_created: 2023-11-05T23:00:53Z date_published: 2023-10-25T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-11-07T08:12:34Z day: '25' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.1029/2022WR033841 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 7ba9c87228dc09029b16bc800a0ef1a1 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-11-07T08:10:44Z date_updated: 2023-11-07T08:10:44Z file_id: '14495' file_name: 2023_WaterResourcesResearch_Buri.pdf file_size: 5554901 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-11-07T08:10:44Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 59' issue: '10' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Water Resources Research publication_identifier: eissn: - 1944-7973 issn: - 0043-1397 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '14494' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: On the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high-elevation catchment' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 59 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14494' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We provide i) gridded initial conditions (.tif), ii) modeled gridded monthly outputs (.tif), and iii) modeled hourly outputs at the station locations (.txt) for the hydrological year 2019. Information about the variables and units can be found in the figures (.png) associated to each dataset. Details about the datasets can be found in the original publication by Buri and others (2023).\r\n\r\nBuri, P., Fatichi, S., Shaw, T. E., Miles, E. S., McCarthy, M. J., Fyffe, C. L., ... & Pellicciotti, F. (2023). Land Surface Modeling in the Himalayas: On the Importance of Evaporative Fluxes for the Water Balance of a High‐Elevation Catchment. Water Resources Research, 59(10), e2022WR033841. DOI: 10.1029/2022WR033841" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal last_name: Buri - first_name: Simone full_name: Fatichi, Simone last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Thomas full_name: Shaw, Thomas id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e last_name: Shaw - first_name: 'Evan ' full_name: 'Miles, Evan ' last_name: Miles - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael id: 22a2674a-61ce-11ee-94b5-d18813baf16f last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Catriona Louise full_name: Fyffe, Catriona Louise id: 001b0422-8d15-11ed-bc51-cab6c037a228 last_name: Fyffe - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Shaoting full_name: Ren, Shaoting last_name: Ren - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Achille full_name: Jouberton, Achille last_name: Jouberton - first_name: Jakob full_name: Steiner, Jakob last_name: Steiner - first_name: Koji full_name: Fujita, Koji last_name: Fujita - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: 'Buri P, Fatichi S, Shaw T, et al. Model output data to “Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: on the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high elevation catchment.” 2023. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.8402426' apa: 'Buri, P., Fatichi, S., Shaw, T., Miles, E., McCarthy, M., Fyffe, C. L., … Pellicciotti, F. (2023). Model output data to “Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: on the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high elevation catchment.” Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8402426' chicago: 'Buri, Pascal, Simone Fatichi, Thomas Shaw, Evan Miles, Michael McCarthy, Catriona Louise Fyffe, Stefan Fugger, et al. “Model Output Data to ‘Land Surface Modeling in the Himalayas: On the Importance of Evaporative Fluxes for the Water Balance of a High Elevation Catchment.’” Zenodo, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8402426.' ieee: 'P. Buri et al., “Model output data to ‘Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: on the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high elevation catchment.’” Zenodo, 2023.' ista: 'Buri P, Fatichi S, Shaw T, Miles E, McCarthy M, Fyffe CL, Fugger S, Ren S, Kneib M, Jouberton A, Steiner J, Fujita K, Pellicciotti F. 2023. Model output data to ‘Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: on the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high elevation catchment’, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.8402426.' mla: 'Buri, Pascal, et al. Model Output Data to “Land Surface Modeling in the Himalayas: On the Importance of Evaporative Fluxes for the Water Balance of a High Elevation Catchment.” Zenodo, 2023, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.8402426.' short: P. Buri, S. Fatichi, T. Shaw, E. Miles, M. McCarthy, C.L. Fyffe, S. Fugger, S. Ren, M. Kneib, A. Jouberton, J. Steiner, K. Fujita, F. Pellicciotti, (2023). date_created: 2023-11-07T08:01:39Z date_published: 2023-10-03T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-11-07T08:12:35Z day: '03' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.8402426 has_accepted_license: '1' license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://10.5281/ZENODO.8402426 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '14487' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'Model output data to "Land surface modeling in the Himalayas: on the importance of evaporative fluxes for the water balance of a high elevation catchment"' tmp: image: /images/cc_0.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0) short: CC0 (1.0) type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14659' abstract: - lang: eng text: Understanding the response of Himalayan glaciers to global warming is vital because of their role as a water source for the Asian subcontinent. However, great uncertainties still exist on the climate drivers of past and present glacier changes across scales. Here, we analyse continuous hourly climate station data from a glacierized elevation (Pyramid station, Mount Everest) since 1994 together with other ground observations and climate reanalysis. We show that a decrease in maximum air temperature and precipitation occurred during the last three decades at Pyramid in response to global warming. Reanalysis data suggest a broader occurrence of this effect in the glacierized areas of the Himalaya. We hypothesize that the counterintuitive cooling is caused by enhanced sensible heat exchange and the associated increase in glacier katabatic wind, which draws cool air downward from higher elevations. The stronger katabatic winds have also lowered the elevation of local wind convergence, thereby diminishing precipitation in glacial areas and negatively affecting glacier mass balance. This local cooling may have partially preserved glaciers from melting and could help protect the periglacial environment. acknowledgement: This work was carried out within the framework of the EV-K2-CNR and Nepal Academy of Science and Technology. K.Y. was supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (grant no. 2019QZKK0206). N.C. was supported by the project NODES, which has received funding from the MUR–M4C2 1.5 of PNRR funded by the European Union - NextGeneration EU (Grant agreement no. ECS00000036). T.E.S. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant no. 101026058. F.P. has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant no. 772751, RAVEN, ‘Rapid mass losses of debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia’ and has been supported by the SNSF grant ‘High-elevation precipitation in High Mountain Asia’ (grant no. 183633). A.A. was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 101004156 (CONFESS project) and by the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 101081193 (OptimESM project). We thank H. Wehrli for valuable comments and suggestions and J. Giannitrapani for the graphic support. We thank A. Da Polenza and K. Bista of EV-K2-CNR for believing that studying the high elevations is relevant for the whole globe. article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Franco full_name: Salerno, Franco last_name: Salerno - first_name: Nicolas full_name: Guyennon, Nicolas last_name: Guyennon - first_name: Kun full_name: Yang, Kun last_name: Yang - first_name: Thomas full_name: Shaw, Thomas id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e last_name: Shaw orcid: 0000-0001-7640-6152 - first_name: Changgui full_name: Lin, Changgui last_name: Lin - first_name: Nicola full_name: Colombo, Nicola last_name: Colombo - first_name: Emanuele full_name: Romano, Emanuele last_name: Romano - first_name: Stephan full_name: Gruber, Stephan last_name: Gruber - first_name: Tobias full_name: Bolch, Tobias last_name: Bolch - first_name: Andrea full_name: Alessandri, Andrea last_name: Alessandri - first_name: Paolo full_name: Cristofanelli, Paolo last_name: Cristofanelli - first_name: Davide full_name: Putero, Davide last_name: Putero - first_name: Guglielmina full_name: Diolaiuti, Guglielmina last_name: Diolaiuti - first_name: Gianni full_name: Tartari, Gianni last_name: Tartari - first_name: Gianpietro full_name: Verza, Gianpietro last_name: Verza - first_name: Sudeep full_name: Thakuri, Sudeep last_name: Thakuri - first_name: Gianpaolo full_name: Balsamo, Gianpaolo last_name: Balsamo - first_name: Evan S. full_name: Miles, Evan S. last_name: Miles - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: Salerno F, Guyennon N, Yang K, et al. Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming. Nature Geoscience. 2023;16:1120-1127. doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y apa: Salerno, F., Guyennon, N., Yang, K., Shaw, T., Lin, C., Colombo, N., … Pellicciotti, F. (2023). Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming. Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y chicago: Salerno, Franco, Nicolas Guyennon, Kun Yang, Thomas Shaw, Changgui Lin, Nicola Colombo, Emanuele Romano, et al. “Local Cooling and Drying Induced by Himalayan Glaciers under Global Warming.” Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y. ieee: F. Salerno et al., “Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming,” Nature Geoscience, vol. 16. Springer Nature, pp. 1120–1127, 2023. ista: Salerno F, Guyennon N, Yang K, Shaw T, Lin C, Colombo N, Romano E, Gruber S, Bolch T, Alessandri A, Cristofanelli P, Putero D, Diolaiuti G, Tartari G, Verza G, Thakuri S, Balsamo G, Miles ES, Pellicciotti F. 2023. Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming. Nature Geoscience. 16, 1120–1127. mla: Salerno, Franco, et al. “Local Cooling and Drying Induced by Himalayan Glaciers under Global Warming.” Nature Geoscience, vol. 16, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 1120–27, doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y. short: F. Salerno, N. Guyennon, K. Yang, T. Shaw, C. Lin, N. Colombo, E. Romano, S. Gruber, T. Bolch, A. Alessandri, P. Cristofanelli, D. Putero, G. Diolaiuti, G. Tartari, G. Verza, S. Thakuri, G. Balsamo, E.S. Miles, F. Pellicciotti, Nature Geoscience 16 (2023) 1120–1127. date_created: 2023-12-10T23:00:58Z date_published: 2023-12-04T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-12-13T11:01:10Z day: '04' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d5ae0d17069eebc6f454c8608cf83e21 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-12-11T10:11:19Z date_updated: 2023-12-11T10:11:19Z file_id: '14671' file_name: 2023_NatureGeoscience_Salerno.pdf file_size: 6072603 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-12-11T10:11:19Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 16' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1120-1127 publication: Nature Geoscience publication_identifier: eissn: - 1752-0908 issn: - 1752-0894 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on ISTA website relation: press_release url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/wind-of-climate-change/ scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14779' abstract: - lang: eng text: The presence of a developed boundary layer decouples a glacier's response from ambient conditions, suggesting that sensitivity to climate change is increased by glacier retreat. To test this hypothesis, we explore six years of distributed meteorological data on a small Swiss glacier in the period 2001–2022. Large glacier fragmentation has occurred since 2001 (−35% area change up to 2022) coinciding with notable frontal retreat, an observed switch from down‐glacier katabatic to up‐glacier valley winds and an increased sensitivity (ratio) of on‐glacier to off‐glacier temperature. As the glacier ceases to develop density‐driven katabatic winds, sensible heat fluxes on the glacier are increasingly determined by the conditions occurring outside the boundary layer of the glacier, sealing the glacier's demise as the climate continues to warm and experience an increased frequency of extreme summers. acknowledgement: This work was funded by the EU Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Grant 101026058. The authors acknowl-edge the dedicated collection of field data by many parties since 2001, including those acknowledged for the cited works on Arolla Glacier. The authors would like to thank Fabienne Meier, Alice Zaugg, Raphael Willi, Maria Grundmann, and Marta Corrà for assistance in the field for the summers of 2021 and 2022. Off-glacier data provided by Grand Dixence SA (Arolla) and MeteoSwiss are kindly acknowledged. Simone Fatichi is thanked for the provision and support in the use of the Tethys-Chloris model. We thank Editor Mathieu Morlighem and two anonymous reviewers whose comments have helped to improve the quality of the manuscript. article_number: e2023GL103043 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Thomas E. full_name: Shaw, Thomas E. last_name: Shaw - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal last_name: Buri - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Evan S. full_name: Miles, Evan S. last_name: Miles - first_name: Álvaro full_name: Ayala, Álvaro last_name: Ayala - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: Shaw TE, Buri P, McCarthy M, Miles ES, Ayala Á, Pellicciotti F. The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier. Geophysical Research Letters. 2023;50(11). doi:10.1029/2023gl103043 apa: Shaw, T. E., Buri, P., McCarthy, M., Miles, E. S., Ayala, Á., & Pellicciotti, F. (2023). The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier. Geophysical Research Letters. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl103043 chicago: Shaw, Thomas E., Pascal Buri, Michael McCarthy, Evan S. Miles, Álvaro Ayala, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “The Decaying Near‐surface Boundary Layer of a Retreating Alpine Glacier.” Geophysical Research Letters. American Geophysical Union, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl103043. ieee: T. E. Shaw, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, E. S. Miles, Á. Ayala, and F. Pellicciotti, “The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier,” Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 50, no. 11. American Geophysical Union, 2023. ista: Shaw TE, Buri P, McCarthy M, Miles ES, Ayala Á, Pellicciotti F. 2023. The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier. Geophysical Research Letters. 50(11), e2023GL103043. mla: Shaw, Thomas E., et al. “The Decaying Near‐surface Boundary Layer of a Retreating Alpine Glacier.” Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 50, no. 11, e2023GL103043, American Geophysical Union, 2023, doi:10.1029/2023gl103043. short: T.E. Shaw, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, E.S. Miles, Á. Ayala, F. Pellicciotti, Geophysical Research Letters 50 (2023). date_created: 2024-01-10T09:28:34Z date_published: 2023-06-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-01-16T08:42:36Z day: '16' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.1029/2023gl103043 external_id: isi: - '000999436400001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 391a3005c95340a0ae129ce4fbdf2bae content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-01-16T08:35:02Z date_updated: 2024-01-16T08:35:02Z file_id: '14805' file_name: 2023_GeophysicalResearchLetter_Shaw.pdf file_size: 2529327 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-01-16T08:35:02Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 50' isi: 1 issue: '11' keyword: - General Earth and Planetary Sciences - Geophysics language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Geophysical Research Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 1944-8007 issn: - 0094-8276 publication_status: published publisher: American Geophysical Union quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 50 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14919' abstract: - lang: eng text: "GLACIER METEOROLOGICAL DATA SWISS ALPS -2022\r\n" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Thomas full_name: Shaw, Thomas id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e last_name: Shaw orcid: 0000-0001-7640-6152 - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal id: 317987aa-9421-11ee-ac5a-b941b041abba last_name: Buri - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087 citation: ama: Shaw T, Buri P, McCarthy M, Miles E, Pellicciotti F. Air temperature and near-surface meteorology datasets on three Swiss glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer. 2023. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.8277285 apa: Shaw, T., Buri, P., McCarthy, M., Miles, E., & Pellicciotti, F. (2023). Air temperature and near-surface meteorology datasets on three Swiss glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8277285 chicago: Shaw, Thomas, Pascal Buri, Michael McCarthy, Evan Miles, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Air Temperature and Near-Surface Meteorology Datasets on Three Swiss Glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer.” Zenodo, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8277285. ieee: T. Shaw, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, E. Miles, and F. Pellicciotti, “Air temperature and near-surface meteorology datasets on three Swiss glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer.” Zenodo, 2023. ista: Shaw T, Buri P, McCarthy M, Miles E, Pellicciotti F. 2023. Air temperature and near-surface meteorology datasets on three Swiss glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.8277285. mla: Shaw, Thomas, et al. Air Temperature and Near-Surface Meteorology Datasets on Three Swiss Glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer. Zenodo, 2023, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.8277285. short: T. Shaw, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, E. Miles, F. Pellicciotti, (2023). date_created: 2024-01-31T12:08:26Z date_published: 2023-08-23T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-02-06T08:44:01Z day: '23' ddc: - '550' department: - _id: FrPe doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.8277285 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8277285 month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '14885' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: Air temperature and near-surface meteorology datasets on three Swiss glaciers - Extreme 2022 Summer type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12573' abstract: - lang: eng text: Supraglacial debris strongly modulates glacier melt rates and can be decisive for ice dynamics and mountain hydrology. It is ubiquitous in High-Mountain Asia, yet because its thickness and supply rate from local topography are poorly known, our ability to forecast regional glacier change and streamflow is limited. Here we combined remote sensing and numerical modelling to resolve supraglacial debris thickness by altitude for 4689 glaciers in High-Mountain Asia, and debris-supply rate to 4141 of those glaciers. Our results reveal extensively thin supraglacial debris and high spatial variability in both debris thickness and supply rate. Debris-supply rate increases with the temperature and slope of debris-supply slopes regionally, and debris thickness increases as ice flow decreases locally. Our centennial-scale estimates of debris-supply rate are typically an order of magnitude or more lower than millennial-scale estimates of headwall-erosion rate from Beryllium-10 cosmogenic nuclides, potentially reflecting episodic debris supply to the region’s glaciers. article_number: '269' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal last_name: Buri - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: McCarthy M, Miles E, Kneib M, Buri P, Fugger S, Pellicciotti F. Supraglacial debris thickness and supply rate in High-Mountain Asia. Communications Earth & Environment. 2022;3. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00588-2 apa: McCarthy, M., Miles, E., Kneib, M., Buri, P., Fugger, S., & Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Supraglacial debris thickness and supply rate in High-Mountain Asia. Communications Earth & Environment. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00588-2 chicago: McCarthy, Michael, Evan Miles, Marin Kneib, Pascal Buri, Stefan Fugger, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Supraglacial Debris Thickness and Supply Rate in High-Mountain Asia.” Communications Earth & Environment. Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00588-2. ieee: M. McCarthy, E. Miles, M. Kneib, P. Buri, S. Fugger, and F. Pellicciotti, “Supraglacial debris thickness and supply rate in High-Mountain Asia,” Communications Earth & Environment, vol. 3. Springer Nature, 2022. ista: McCarthy M, Miles E, Kneib M, Buri P, Fugger S, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Supraglacial debris thickness and supply rate in High-Mountain Asia. Communications Earth & Environment. 3, 269. mla: McCarthy, Michael, et al. “Supraglacial Debris Thickness and Supply Rate in High-Mountain Asia.” Communications Earth & Environment, vol. 3, 269, Springer Nature, 2022, doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00588-2. short: M. McCarthy, E. Miles, M. Kneib, P. Buri, S. Fugger, F. Pellicciotti, Communications Earth & Environment 3 (2022). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:09:27Z date_published: 2022-11-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T14:02:22Z day: '05' doi: 10.1038/s43247-022-00588-2 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 3' keyword: - General Earth and Planetary Sciences - General Environmental Science language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00588-2 month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Communications Earth & Environment publication_identifier: issn: - 2662-4435 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Supraglacial debris thickness and supply rate in High-Mountain Asia type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 3 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12574' abstract: - lang: eng text: Melt from supraglacial ice cliffs is an important contributor to the mass loss of debris-covered glaciers. However, ice cliff contribution is difficult to quantify as they are highly dynamic features, and the paucity of observations of melt rates and their variability leads to large modelling uncertainties. We quantify monsoon season melt and 3D evolution of four ice cliffs over two debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia (Langtang Glacier, Nepal, and 24K Glacier, China) at very high resolution using terrestrial photogrammetry applied to imagery captured from time-lapse cameras installed on lateral moraines. We derive weekly flow-corrected digital elevation models (DEMs) of the glacier surface with a maximum vertical bias of ±0.2 m for Langtang Glacier and ±0.05 m for 24K Glacier and use change detection to determine distributed melt rates at the surfaces of the ice cliffs throughout the study period. We compare the measured melt patterns with those derived from a 3D energy balance model to derive the contribution of the main energy fluxes. We find that ice cliff melt varies considerably throughout the melt season, with maximum melt rates of 5 to 8 cm d−1, and their average melt rates are 11–14 (Langtang) and 4.5 (24K) times higher than the surrounding debris-covered ice. Our results highlight the influence of redistributed supraglacial debris on cliff melt. At both sites, ice cliff albedo is influenced by the presence of thin debris at the ice cliff surface, which is largely controlled on 24K Glacier by liquid precipitation events that wash away this debris. Slightly thicker or patchy debris reduces melt by 1–3 cm d−1 at all sites. Ultimately, our observations show a strong spatio-temporal variability in cliff area at each site, which is controlled by supraglacial streams and ponds and englacial cavities that promote debris slope destabilisation and the lateral expansion of the cliffs. These findings highlight the need to better represent processes of debris redistribution in ice cliff models, to in turn improve estimates of ice cliff contribution to glacier melt and the long-term geomorphological evolution of debris-covered glacier surfaces. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Evan S. full_name: Miles, Evan S. last_name: Miles - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal last_name: Buri - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Thomas E. full_name: Shaw, Thomas E. last_name: Shaw - first_name: Zhao full_name: Chuanxi, Zhao last_name: Chuanxi - first_name: Martin full_name: Truffer, Martin last_name: Truffer - first_name: Matthew J. full_name: Westoby, Matthew J. last_name: Westoby - first_name: Wei full_name: Yang, Wei last_name: Yang - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: Kneib M, Miles ES, Buri P, et al. Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry. The Cryosphere. 2022;16(11):4701-4725. doi:10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022 apa: Kneib, M., Miles, E. S., Buri, P., Fugger, S., McCarthy, M., Shaw, T. E., … Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry. The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022 chicago: Kneib, Marin, Evan S. Miles, Pascal Buri, Stefan Fugger, Michael McCarthy, Thomas E. Shaw, Zhao Chuanxi, et al. “Sub-Seasonal Variability of Supraglacial Ice Cliff Melt Rates and Associated Processes from Time-Lapse Photogrammetry.” The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022. ieee: M. Kneib et al., “Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry,” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 11. Copernicus Publications, pp. 4701–4725, 2022. ista: Kneib M, Miles ES, Buri P, Fugger S, McCarthy M, Shaw TE, Chuanxi Z, Truffer M, Westoby MJ, Yang W, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry. The Cryosphere. 16(11), 4701–4725. mla: Kneib, Marin, et al. “Sub-Seasonal Variability of Supraglacial Ice Cliff Melt Rates and Associated Processes from Time-Lapse Photogrammetry.” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 11, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 4701–25, doi:10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022. short: M. Kneib, E.S. Miles, P. Buri, S. Fugger, M. McCarthy, T.E. Shaw, Z. Chuanxi, M. Truffer, M.J. Westoby, W. Yang, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere 16 (2022) 4701–4725. date_created: 2023-02-20T08:09:42Z date_published: 2022-11-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:59:22Z day: '11' doi: 10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '11' keyword: - Earth-Surface Processes - Water Science and Technology language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022 month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 4701-4725 publication: The Cryosphere publication_identifier: issn: - 1994-0424 publication_status: published publisher: Copernicus Publications quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12575' abstract: - lang: eng text: The current Chilean megadrought has led to acute water shortages in central Chile since 2010. Glaciers have provided vital fresh water to the region's rivers, but the quantity, timing and sustainability of that provision remain unclear. Here we combine in-situ, remote sensing and climate reanalysis data to show that from 2010 to 2018 during the megadrought, unsustainable imbalance ablation of glaciers (ablation not balanced by new snowfall) strongly buffered the late-summer discharge of the Maipo River, a primary source of water to Santiago. If there had been no glaciers, water availability would have been reduced from December through May, with a 31 ± 19% decrease during March. Our results indicate that while the annual contributions of imbalance ablation to river discharge during the megadrought have been small compared to those from precipitation and sustainable balance ablation, they have nevertheless been a substantial input to a hydrological system that was already experiencing high water stress. The water-equivalent volume of imbalance ablation generated in the Maipo Basin between 2010 and 2018 was 740 × 106 m3 (19 ± 12 mm yr−1), approximately 3.4 times the capacity of the basin's El Yeso Reservoir. This is equivalent to 14% of Santiago's potable water use in that time, while total glacier ablation was equivalent to 59%. We show that glacier retreat will exacerbate river discharge deficits and further jeopardize water availability in central Chile if precipitation deficits endure, and conjecture that these effects will be amplified by climatic warming. article_number: e2022EF002852 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Fabienne full_name: Meier, Fabienne last_name: Meier - first_name: Simone full_name: Fatichi, Simone last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Benjamin D. full_name: Stocker, Benjamin D. last_name: Stocker - first_name: Thomas E. full_name: Shaw, Thomas E. last_name: Shaw - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Inés full_name: Dussaillant, Inés last_name: Dussaillant - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: McCarthy M, Meier F, Fatichi S, et al. Glacier contributions to river discharge during the current Chilean megadrought. Earth’s Future. 2022;10(10). doi:10.1029/2022ef002852 apa: McCarthy, M., Meier, F., Fatichi, S., Stocker, B. D., Shaw, T. E., Miles, E., … Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Glacier contributions to river discharge during the current Chilean megadrought. Earth’s Future. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ef002852 chicago: McCarthy, Michael, Fabienne Meier, Simone Fatichi, Benjamin D. Stocker, Thomas E. Shaw, Evan Miles, Inés Dussaillant, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Glacier Contributions to River Discharge during the Current Chilean Megadrought.” Earth’s Future. American Geophysical Union, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ef002852. ieee: M. McCarthy et al., “Glacier contributions to river discharge during the current Chilean megadrought,” Earth’s Future, vol. 10, no. 10. American Geophysical Union, 2022. ista: McCarthy M, Meier F, Fatichi S, Stocker BD, Shaw TE, Miles E, Dussaillant I, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Glacier contributions to river discharge during the current Chilean megadrought. Earth’s Future. 10(10), e2022EF002852. mla: McCarthy, Michael, et al. “Glacier Contributions to River Discharge during the Current Chilean Megadrought.” Earth’s Future, vol. 10, no. 10, e2022EF002852, American Geophysical Union, 2022, doi:10.1029/2022ef002852. short: M. McCarthy, F. Meier, S. Fatichi, B.D. Stocker, T.E. Shaw, E. Miles, I. Dussaillant, F. Pellicciotti, Earth’s Future 10 (2022). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:09:49Z date_published: 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:55:32Z day: '01' doi: 10.1029/2022ef002852 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 10' issue: '10' keyword: - Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) - General Environmental Science language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002852 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Earth's Future publication_identifier: issn: - 2328-4277 publication_status: published publisher: American Geophysical Union quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Glacier contributions to river discharge during the current Chilean megadrought type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 10 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12576' abstract: - lang: eng text: Glacier health across High Mountain Asia (HMA) is highly heterogeneous and strongly governed by regional climate, which is variably influenced by monsoon dynamics and the westerlies. We explore four decades of glacier energy and mass balance at three climatically distinct sites across HMA by utilising a detailed land surface model driven by bias-corrected Weather Research and Forecasting meteorological forcing. All three glaciers have experienced long-term mass losses (ranging from −0.04 ± 0.09 to −0.59 ± 0.20 m w.e. a−1) consistent with widespread warming across the region. However, complex and contrasting responses of glacier energy and mass balance to the patterns of the Indian Summer Monsoon were evident, largely driven by the role snowfall timing, amount and phase. A later monsoon onset generates less total snowfall to the glacier in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau during May–June, augmenting net shortwave radiation and affecting annual mass balance (−0.5 m w.e. on average compared to early onset years). Conversely, timing of the monsoon’s arrival has limited impact for the Nepalese Himalaya which is more strongly governed by the temperature and snowfall amount during the core monsoon season. In the arid central Tibetan Plateau, a later monsoon arrival results in a 40 mm (58%) increase of May–June snowfall on average compared to early onset years, likely driven by the greater interaction of westerly storm events. Meanwhile, a late monsoon cessation at this site sees an average 200 mm (192%) increase in late summer precipitation due to monsoonal storms. A trend towards weaker intensity monsoon conditions in recent decades, combined with long-term warming patterns, has produced predominantly negative glacier mass balances for all sites (up to 1 m w.e. more mass loss in the Nepalese Himalaya compared to strong monsoon intensity years) but sub-regional variability in monsoon timing can additionally complicate this response. article_number: '104001' article_processing_charge: No article_type: letter_note author: - first_name: T E full_name: Shaw, T E last_name: Shaw - first_name: E S full_name: Miles, E S last_name: Miles - first_name: D full_name: Chen, D last_name: Chen - first_name: A full_name: Jouberton, A last_name: Jouberton - first_name: M full_name: Kneib, M last_name: Kneib - first_name: S full_name: Fugger, S last_name: Fugger - first_name: T full_name: Ou, T last_name: Ou - first_name: H-W full_name: Lai, H-W last_name: Lai - first_name: K full_name: Fujita, K last_name: Fujita - first_name: W full_name: Yang, W last_name: Yang - first_name: S full_name: Fatichi, S last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: Shaw TE, Miles ES, Chen D, et al. Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. 2022;17(10). doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008 apa: Shaw, T. E., Miles, E. S., Chen, D., Jouberton, A., Kneib, M., Fugger, S., … Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008 chicago: Shaw, T E, E S Miles, D Chen, A Jouberton, M Kneib, S Fugger, T Ou, et al. “Multi-Decadal Monsoon Characteristics and Glacier Response in High Mountain Asia.” Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008. ieee: T. E. Shaw et al., “Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 17, no. 10. IOP Publishing, 2022. ista: Shaw TE, Miles ES, Chen D, Jouberton A, Kneib M, Fugger S, Ou T, Lai H-W, Fujita K, Yang W, Fatichi S, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. 17(10), 104001. mla: Shaw, T. E., et al. “Multi-Decadal Monsoon Characteristics and Glacier Response in High Mountain Asia.” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 17, no. 10, 104001, IOP Publishing, 2022, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008. short: T.E. Shaw, E.S. Miles, D. Chen, A. Jouberton, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, T. Ou, H.-W. Lai, K. Fujita, W. Yang, S. Fatichi, F. Pellicciotti, Environmental Research Letters 17 (2022). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:09:56Z date_published: 2022-09-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:53:16Z day: '16' doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '10' keyword: - Public Health - Environmental and Occupational Health - General Environmental Science - Renewable Energy - Sustainability and the Environment language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008 month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Environmental Research Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 1748-9326 publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 17 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12577' abstract: - lang: eng text: Glaciers are key components of the mountain water towers of Asia and are vital for downstream domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses. The glacier mass loss rate over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau is among the highest in Asia and has accelerated in recent decades. This acceleration has been attributed to increased warming, but the mechanisms behind these glaciers’ high sensitivity to warming remain unclear, while the influence of changes in precipitation over the past decades is poorly quantified. Here, we reconstruct glacier mass changes and catchment runoff since 1975 at a benchmark glacier, Parlung No. 4, to shed light on the drivers of recent mass losses for the monsoonal, spring-accumulation glaciers of the Tibetan Plateau. Our modeling demonstrates how a temperature increase (mean of 0.39∘C ⋅dec−1since 1990) has accelerated mass loss rates by altering both the ablation and accumulation regimes in a complex manner. The majority of the post-2000 mass loss occurred during the monsoon months, caused by simultaneous decreases in the solid precipitation ratio (from 0.70 to 0.56) and precipitation amount (–10%), leading to reduced monsoon accumulation (–26%). Higher solid precipitation in spring (+18%) during the last two decades was increasingly important in mitigating glacier mass loss by providing mass to the glacier and protecting it from melting in the early monsoon. With bare ice exposed to warmer temperatures for longer periods, icemelt and catchment discharge have unsustainably intensified since the start of the 21st century, raising concerns for long-term water supply and hazard occurrence in the region. article_number: e2109796119 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Achille full_name: Jouberton, Achille last_name: Jouberton - first_name: Thomas E. full_name: Shaw, Thomas E. last_name: Shaw - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Shaoting full_name: Ren, Shaoting last_name: Ren - first_name: Amaury full_name: Dehecq, Amaury last_name: Dehecq - first_name: Wei full_name: Yang, Wei last_name: Yang - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: Jouberton A, Shaw TE, Miles E, et al. Warming-induced monsoon precipitation phase change intensifies glacier mass loss in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. PNAS. 2022;119(37). doi:10.1073/pnas.2109796119 apa: Jouberton, A., Shaw, T. E., Miles, E., McCarthy, M., Fugger, S., Ren, S., … Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Warming-induced monsoon precipitation phase change intensifies glacier mass loss in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. PNAS. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2109796119 chicago: Jouberton, Achille, Thomas E. Shaw, Evan Miles, Michael McCarthy, Stefan Fugger, Shaoting Ren, Amaury Dehecq, Wei Yang, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Warming-Induced Monsoon Precipitation Phase Change Intensifies Glacier Mass Loss in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau.” PNAS. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2109796119. ieee: A. Jouberton et al., “Warming-induced monsoon precipitation phase change intensifies glacier mass loss in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,” PNAS, vol. 119, no. 37. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022. ista: Jouberton A, Shaw TE, Miles E, McCarthy M, Fugger S, Ren S, Dehecq A, Yang W, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Warming-induced monsoon precipitation phase change intensifies glacier mass loss in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. PNAS. 119(37), e2109796119. mla: Jouberton, Achille, et al. “Warming-Induced Monsoon Precipitation Phase Change Intensifies Glacier Mass Loss in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau.” PNAS, vol. 119, no. 37, e2109796119, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022, doi:10.1073/pnas.2109796119. short: A. Jouberton, T.E. Shaw, E. Miles, M. McCarthy, S. Fugger, S. Ren, A. Dehecq, W. Yang, F. Pellicciotti, PNAS 119 (2022). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:02Z date_published: 2022-09-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:50:37Z day: '06' doi: 10.1073/pnas.2109796119 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 119' issue: '37' keyword: - Multidisciplinary language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa_version: None publication: PNAS publication_identifier: eissn: - 1091-6490 issn: - 0027-8424 publication_status: published publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Warming-induced monsoon precipitation phase change intensifies glacier mass loss in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 119 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12578' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Currently, about 12 %–13 % of High Mountain Asia’s glacier area is debris-covered, which alters its surface mass balance. However, in regional-scale modelling approaches, debris-covered glaciers are typically treated as clean-ice glaciers, leading to a bias when modelling their future evolution. Here, we present a new approach for modelling debris area and thickness evolution, applicable from single glaciers to the global scale. We derive a parameterization and implement it as a module into the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEMflow), a combined mass-balance ice-flow model. The module is initialized with both glacier-specific observations of the debris' spatial distribution and estimates of debris thickness. These data sets account for the fact that debris can either enhance or reduce surface melt depending on thickness. Our model approach also enables representing the spatiotemporal evolution of debris extent and thickness. We calibrate and evaluate the module on a selected subset of glaciers and apply GloGEMflow using different climate scenarios to project the future evolution of all glaciers in High Mountain Asia until 2100. Explicitly accounting for debris cover has only a minor effect on the projected mass loss, which is in line with previous projections. Despite this small effect, we argue that the improved process representation is of added value when aiming at capturing intra-glacier scales, i.e. spatial mass-balance distribution.\r\nDepending on the climate scenario, the mean debris-cover fraction is expected to increase, while mean debris thickness is projected to show only minor changes, although large local thickening is expected. To isolate the influence of explicitly accounting for supraglacial debris cover, we re-compute glacier evolution without the debris-cover module. We show that glacier geometry, area, volume, and flow velocity evolve differently, especially at the level of individual glaciers. This highlights the importance of accounting for debris cover and its spatiotemporal evolution when projecting future glacier changes." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Loris full_name: Compagno, Loris last_name: Compagno - first_name: Matthias full_name: Huss, Matthias last_name: Huss - first_name: Evan Stewart full_name: Miles, Evan Stewart last_name: Miles - first_name: Michael James full_name: McCarthy, Michael James last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Harry full_name: Zekollari, Harry last_name: Zekollari - first_name: Amaury full_name: Dehecq, Amaury last_name: Dehecq - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti - first_name: Daniel full_name: Farinotti, Daniel last_name: Farinotti citation: ama: 'Compagno L, Huss M, Miles ES, et al. Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia. The Cryosphere. 2022;16(5):1697-1718. doi:10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022' apa: 'Compagno, L., Huss, M., Miles, E. S., McCarthy, M. J., Zekollari, H., Dehecq, A., … Farinotti, D. (2022). Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia. The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022' chicago: 'Compagno, Loris, Matthias Huss, Evan Stewart Miles, Michael James McCarthy, Harry Zekollari, Amaury Dehecq, Francesca Pellicciotti, and Daniel Farinotti. “Modelling Supraglacial Debris-Cover Evolution from the Single-Glacier to the Regional Scale: An Application to High Mountain Asia.” The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022.' ieee: 'L. Compagno et al., “Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia,” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 5. Copernicus Publications, pp. 1697–1718, 2022.' ista: 'Compagno L, Huss M, Miles ES, McCarthy MJ, Zekollari H, Dehecq A, Pellicciotti F, Farinotti D. 2022. Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia. The Cryosphere. 16(5), 1697–1718.' mla: 'Compagno, Loris, et al. “Modelling Supraglacial Debris-Cover Evolution from the Single-Glacier to the Regional Scale: An Application to High Mountain Asia.” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 5, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 1697–718, doi:10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022.' short: L. Compagno, M. Huss, E.S. Miles, M.J. McCarthy, H. Zekollari, A. Dehecq, F. Pellicciotti, D. Farinotti, The Cryosphere 16 (2022) 1697–1718. date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:09Z date_published: 2022-05-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:47:17Z day: '05' doi: 10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '5' keyword: - Earth-Surface Processes - Water Science and Technology language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022 month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1697-1718 publication: The Cryosphere publication_identifier: issn: - 1994-0424 publication_status: published publisher: Copernicus Publications quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12579' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The Indian and East Asian summer monsoons shape the melt and accumulation patterns of glaciers in High Mountain Asia in complex ways due to the interaction of persistent cloud cover, large temperature ranges, high atmospheric water content and high precipitation rates. Glacier energy- and mass-balance modelling using in situ measurements offers insights into the ways in which surface processes are shaped by climatic regimes. In this study, we use a full energy- and mass-balance model and seven on-glacier automatic weather station datasets from different parts of the Central and Eastern Himalaya to investigate how monsoon conditions influence the glacier surface energy and mass balance. In particular, we look at how debris-covered and debris-free glaciers respond differently to monsoonal conditions.\r\nThe radiation budget primarily controls the melt of clean-ice glaciers, but turbulent fluxes play an important role in modulating the melt energy on debris-covered glaciers. The sensible heat flux decreases during core monsoon, but the latent heat flux cools the surface due to evaporation of liquid water. This interplay of radiative and turbulent fluxes causes debris-covered glacier melt rates to stay almost constant through the different phases of the monsoon. Ice melt under thin debris, on the other hand, is amplified by both the dark surface and the turbulent fluxes, which intensify melt during monsoon through surface heating and condensation.\r\nPre-monsoon snow cover can considerably delay melt onset and have a strong impact on the seasonal mass balance. Intermittent monsoon snow cover lowers the melt rates at high elevation. This work is fundamental to the understanding of the present and future Himalayan cryosphere and water budget, while informing and motivating further glacier- and catchment-scale research using process-based models." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Catriona L. full_name: Fyffe, Catriona L. last_name: Fyffe - first_name: Simone full_name: Fatichi, Simone last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Thomas E. full_name: Shaw, Thomas E. last_name: Shaw - first_name: Baohong full_name: Ding, Baohong last_name: Ding - first_name: Wei full_name: Yang, Wei last_name: Yang - first_name: Patrick full_name: Wagnon, Patrick last_name: Wagnon - first_name: Walter full_name: Immerzeel, Walter last_name: Immerzeel - first_name: Qiao full_name: Liu, Qiao last_name: Liu - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: Fugger S, Fyffe CL, Fatichi S, et al. Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya. The Cryosphere. 2022;16(5):1631-1652. doi:10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022 apa: Fugger, S., Fyffe, C. L., Fatichi, S., Miles, E., McCarthy, M., Shaw, T. E., … Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya. The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022 chicago: Fugger, Stefan, Catriona L. Fyffe, Simone Fatichi, Evan Miles, Michael McCarthy, Thomas E. Shaw, Baohong Ding, et al. “Understanding Monsoon Controls on the Energy and Mass Balance of Glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya.” The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022. ieee: S. Fugger et al., “Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya,” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 5. Copernicus Publications, pp. 1631–1652, 2022. ista: Fugger S, Fyffe CL, Fatichi S, Miles E, McCarthy M, Shaw TE, Ding B, Yang W, Wagnon P, Immerzeel W, Liu Q, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya. The Cryosphere. 16(5), 1631–1652. mla: Fugger, Stefan, et al. “Understanding Monsoon Controls on the Energy and Mass Balance of Glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya.” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 5, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 1631–52, doi:10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022. short: S. Fugger, C.L. Fyffe, S. Fatichi, E. Miles, M. McCarthy, T.E. Shaw, B. Ding, W. Yang, P. Wagnon, W. Immerzeel, Q. Liu, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere 16 (2022) 1631–1652. date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:16Z date_published: 2022-05-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:45:01Z day: '05' doi: 10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '5' keyword: - Earth-Surface Processes - Water Science and Technology language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022 month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1631-1652 publication: The Cryosphere publication_identifier: issn: - 1994-0424 publication_status: published publisher: Copernicus Publications quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12580' abstract: - lang: eng text: River systems originating from the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) are dominated by runoff from snow and glacier melt and summer monsoonal rainfall. These water resources are highly stressed as huge populations of people living in this region depend on them, including for agriculture, domestic use, and energy production. Projections suggest that the UIB region will be affected by considerable (yet poorly quantified) changes to the seasonality and composition of runoff in the future, which are likely to have considerable impacts on these supplies. Given how directly and indirectly communities and ecosystems are dependent on these resources and the growing pressure on them due to ever-increasing demands, the impacts of climate change pose considerable adaptation challenges. The strong linkages between hydroclimate, cryosphere, water resources, and human activities within the UIB suggest that a multi- and inter-disciplinary research approach integrating the social and natural/environmental sciences is critical for successful adaptation to ongoing and future hydrological and climate change. Here we use a horizon scanning technique to identify the Top 100 questions related to the most pressing knowledge gaps and research priorities in social and natural sciences on climate change and water in the UIB. These questions are on the margins of current thinking and investigation and are clustered into 14 themes, covering three overarching topics of “governance, policy, and sustainable solutions”, “socioeconomic processes and livelihoods”, and “integrated Earth System processes”. Raising awareness of these cutting-edge knowledge gaps and opportunities will hopefully encourage researchers, funding bodies, practitioners, and policy makers to address them. article_number: e2021EF002619 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Andrew full_name: Orr, Andrew last_name: Orr - first_name: Bashir full_name: Ahmad, Bashir last_name: Ahmad - first_name: Undala full_name: Alam, Undala last_name: Alam - first_name: ArivudaiNambi full_name: Appadurai, ArivudaiNambi last_name: Appadurai - first_name: Zareen P. full_name: Bharucha, Zareen P. last_name: Bharucha - first_name: Hester full_name: Biemans, Hester last_name: Biemans - first_name: Tobias full_name: Bolch, Tobias last_name: Bolch - first_name: Narayan P. full_name: Chaulagain, Narayan P. last_name: Chaulagain - first_name: Sanita full_name: Dhaubanjar, Sanita last_name: Dhaubanjar - first_name: A. P. full_name: Dimri, A. P. last_name: Dimri - first_name: Harry full_name: Dixon, Harry last_name: Dixon - first_name: Hayley J. full_name: Fowler, Hayley J. last_name: Fowler - first_name: Giovanna full_name: Gioli, Giovanna last_name: Gioli - first_name: Sarah J. full_name: Halvorson, Sarah J. last_name: Halvorson - first_name: Abid full_name: Hussain, Abid last_name: Hussain - first_name: Ghulam full_name: Jeelani, Ghulam last_name: Jeelani - first_name: Simi full_name: Kamal, Simi last_name: Kamal - first_name: Imran S. full_name: Khalid, Imran S. last_name: Khalid - first_name: Shiyin full_name: Liu, Shiyin last_name: Liu - first_name: Arthur full_name: Lutz, Arthur last_name: Lutz - first_name: Meeta K. full_name: Mehra, Meeta K. last_name: Mehra - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Andrea full_name: Momblanch, Andrea last_name: Momblanch - first_name: Veruska full_name: Muccione, Veruska last_name: Muccione - first_name: Aditi full_name: Mukherji, Aditi last_name: Mukherji - first_name: Daanish full_name: Mustafa, Daanish last_name: Mustafa - first_name: Omaid full_name: Najmuddin, Omaid last_name: Najmuddin - first_name: Mohammad N. full_name: Nasimi, Mohammad N. last_name: Nasimi - first_name: Marcus full_name: Nüsser, Marcus last_name: Nüsser - first_name: Vishnu P. full_name: Pandey, Vishnu P. last_name: Pandey - first_name: Sitara full_name: Parveen, Sitara last_name: Parveen - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti - first_name: Carmel full_name: Pollino, Carmel last_name: Pollino - first_name: Emily full_name: Potter, Emily last_name: Potter - first_name: Mohammad R. full_name: Qazizada, Mohammad R. last_name: Qazizada - first_name: Saon full_name: Ray, Saon last_name: Ray - first_name: Shakil full_name: Romshoo, Shakil last_name: Romshoo - first_name: Syamal K. full_name: Sarkar, Syamal K. last_name: Sarkar - first_name: Amiera full_name: Sawas, Amiera last_name: Sawas - first_name: Sumit full_name: Sen, Sumit last_name: Sen - first_name: Attaullah full_name: Shah, Attaullah last_name: Shah - first_name: M. Azeem Ali full_name: Shah, M. Azeem Ali last_name: Shah - first_name: Joseph M. full_name: Shea, Joseph M. last_name: Shea - first_name: Ali T. full_name: Sheikh, Ali T. last_name: Sheikh - first_name: Arun B. full_name: Shrestha, Arun B. last_name: Shrestha - first_name: Shresth full_name: Tayal, Shresth last_name: Tayal - first_name: Snehlata full_name: Tigala, Snehlata last_name: Tigala - first_name: Zeeshan T. full_name: Virk, Zeeshan T. last_name: Virk - first_name: Philippus full_name: Wester, Philippus last_name: Wester - first_name: James L. full_name: Wescoat, James L. last_name: Wescoat citation: ama: 'Orr A, Ahmad B, Alam U, et al. Knowledge priorities on climate change and water in the Upper Indus Basin: A horizon scanning exercise to identify the Top 100 research questions in social and natural sciences. Earth’s Future. 2022;10(4). doi:10.1029/2021ef002619' apa: 'Orr, A., Ahmad, B., Alam, U., Appadurai, A., Bharucha, Z. P., Biemans, H., … Wescoat, J. L. (2022). Knowledge priorities on climate change and water in the Upper Indus Basin: A horizon scanning exercise to identify the Top 100 research questions in social and natural sciences. Earth’s Future. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ef002619' chicago: 'Orr, Andrew, Bashir Ahmad, Undala Alam, ArivudaiNambi Appadurai, Zareen P. Bharucha, Hester Biemans, Tobias Bolch, et al. “Knowledge Priorities on Climate Change and Water in the Upper Indus Basin: A Horizon Scanning Exercise to Identify the Top 100 Research Questions in Social and Natural Sciences.” Earth’s Future. American Geophysical Union, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ef002619.' ieee: 'A. Orr et al., “Knowledge priorities on climate change and water in the Upper Indus Basin: A horizon scanning exercise to identify the Top 100 research questions in social and natural sciences,” Earth’s Future, vol. 10, no. 4. American Geophysical Union, 2022.' ista: 'Orr A, Ahmad B, Alam U, Appadurai A, Bharucha ZP, Biemans H, Bolch T, Chaulagain NP, Dhaubanjar S, Dimri AP, Dixon H, Fowler HJ, Gioli G, Halvorson SJ, Hussain A, Jeelani G, Kamal S, Khalid IS, Liu S, Lutz A, Mehra MK, Miles E, Momblanch A, Muccione V, Mukherji A, Mustafa D, Najmuddin O, Nasimi MN, Nüsser M, Pandey VP, Parveen S, Pellicciotti F, Pollino C, Potter E, Qazizada MR, Ray S, Romshoo S, Sarkar SK, Sawas A, Sen S, Shah A, Shah MAA, Shea JM, Sheikh AT, Shrestha AB, Tayal S, Tigala S, Virk ZT, Wester P, Wescoat JL. 2022. Knowledge priorities on climate change and water in the Upper Indus Basin: A horizon scanning exercise to identify the Top 100 research questions in social and natural sciences. Earth’s Future. 10(4), e2021EF002619.' mla: 'Orr, Andrew, et al. “Knowledge Priorities on Climate Change and Water in the Upper Indus Basin: A Horizon Scanning Exercise to Identify the Top 100 Research Questions in Social and Natural Sciences.” Earth’s Future, vol. 10, no. 4, e2021EF002619, American Geophysical Union, 2022, doi:10.1029/2021ef002619.' short: A. Orr, B. Ahmad, U. Alam, A. Appadurai, Z.P. Bharucha, H. Biemans, T. Bolch, N.P. Chaulagain, S. Dhaubanjar, A.P. Dimri, H. Dixon, H.J. Fowler, G. Gioli, S.J. Halvorson, A. Hussain, G. Jeelani, S. Kamal, I.S. Khalid, S. Liu, A. Lutz, M.K. Mehra, E. Miles, A. Momblanch, V. Muccione, A. Mukherji, D. Mustafa, O. Najmuddin, M.N. Nasimi, M. Nüsser, V.P. Pandey, S. Parveen, F. Pellicciotti, C. Pollino, E. Potter, M.R. Qazizada, S. Ray, S. Romshoo, S.K. Sarkar, A. Sawas, S. Sen, A. Shah, M.A.A. Shah, J.M. Shea, A.T. Sheikh, A.B. Shrestha, S. Tayal, S. Tigala, Z.T. Virk, P. Wester, J.L. Wescoat, Earth’s Future 10 (2022). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:23Z date_published: 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:41:50Z day: '01' doi: 10.1029/2021ef002619 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 10' issue: '4' keyword: - Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) - General Environmental Science language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002619 month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Earth's Future publication_identifier: issn: - 2328-4277 publication_status: published publisher: American Geophysical Union quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Knowledge priorities on climate change and water in the Upper Indus Basin: A horizon scanning exercise to identify the Top 100 research questions in social and natural sciences' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 10 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12581' abstract: - lang: eng text: Topographic development via paraglacial slope failure (PSF) represents a complex interplay between geological structure, climate, and glacial denudation. Southeastern Tibet has experienced amongst the highest rates of ice mass loss in High Mountain Asia in recent decades, but few studies have focused on the implications of this mass loss on the stability of paraglacial slopes. We used repeat satellite- and unpiloted aerial vehicle (UAV)-derived imagery between 1990 and 2020 as the basis for mapping PSFs from slopes adjacent to Hailuogou Glacier (HLG), a 5 km long monsoon temperate valley glacier in the Mt. Gongga region. We observed recent lowering of the glacier tongue surface at rates of up to 0.88 m a−1 in the period 2000 to 2016, whilst overall paraglacial bare ground area (PBGA) on glacier-adjacent slopes increased from 0.31 ± 0.27 km2 in 1990 to 1.38 ± 0.06 km2 in 2020. Decadal PBGA expansion rates were ∼ 0.01 km2 a−1, 0.02 km2 a−1, and 0.08 km2 in the periods 1990–2000, 2000–2011, and 2011–2020 respectively, indicating an increasing rate of expansion of PBGA. Three types of PSFs, including rockfalls, sediment-mantled slope slides, and headward gully erosion, were mapped, with a total area of 0.75 ± 0.03 km2 in 2020. South-facing valley slopes (true left of the glacier) exhibited more destabilization (56 % of the total PSF area) than north-facing (true right) valley slopes (44 % of the total PSF area). Deformation of sediment-mantled moraine slopes (mean 1.65–2.63 ± 0.04 cm d−1) and an increase in erosion activity in ice-marginal tributary valleys caused by a drop in local base level (gully headward erosion rates are 0.76–3.39 cm d−1) have occurred in tandem with recent glacier downwasting. We also observe deformation of glacier ice, possibly driven by destabilization of lateral moraine, as has been reported in other deglaciating mountain glacier catchments. The formation, evolution, and future trajectory of PSFs at HLG (as well as other monsoon-dominated deglaciating mountain areas) are related to glacial history, including recent rapid downwasting leading to the exposure of steep, unstable bedrock and moraine slopes, and climatic conditions that promote slope instability, such as very high seasonal precipitation and seasonal temperature fluctuations that are conducive to freeze–thaw and ice segregation processes. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Yan full_name: Zhong, Yan last_name: Zhong - first_name: Qiao full_name: Liu, Qiao last_name: Liu - first_name: Matthew full_name: Westoby, Matthew last_name: Westoby - first_name: Yong full_name: Nie, Yong last_name: Nie - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti - first_name: Bo full_name: Zhang, Bo last_name: Zhang - first_name: Jialun full_name: Cai, Jialun last_name: Cai - first_name: Guoxiang full_name: Liu, Guoxiang last_name: Liu - first_name: Haijun full_name: Liao, Haijun last_name: Liao - first_name: Xuyang full_name: Lu, Xuyang last_name: Lu citation: ama: Zhong Y, Liu Q, Westoby M, et al. Intensified paraglacial slope failures due to accelerating downwasting of a temperate glacier in Mt. Gongga, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Earth Surface Dynamics. 2022;10(1):23-42. doi:10.5194/esurf-10-23-2022 apa: Zhong, Y., Liu, Q., Westoby, M., Nie, Y., Pellicciotti, F., Zhang, B., … Lu, X. (2022). Intensified paraglacial slope failures due to accelerating downwasting of a temperate glacier in Mt. Gongga, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Earth Surface Dynamics. Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-23-2022 chicago: Zhong, Yan, Qiao Liu, Matthew Westoby, Yong Nie, Francesca Pellicciotti, Bo Zhang, Jialun Cai, Guoxiang Liu, Haijun Liao, and Xuyang Lu. “Intensified Paraglacial Slope Failures Due to Accelerating Downwasting of a Temperate Glacier in Mt. Gongga, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau.” Earth Surface Dynamics. Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-23-2022. ieee: Y. Zhong et al., “Intensified paraglacial slope failures due to accelerating downwasting of a temperate glacier in Mt. Gongga, southeastern Tibetan Plateau,” Earth Surface Dynamics, vol. 10, no. 1. Copernicus Publications, pp. 23–42, 2022. ista: Zhong Y, Liu Q, Westoby M, Nie Y, Pellicciotti F, Zhang B, Cai J, Liu G, Liao H, Lu X. 2022. Intensified paraglacial slope failures due to accelerating downwasting of a temperate glacier in Mt. Gongga, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Earth Surface Dynamics. 10(1), 23–42. mla: Zhong, Yan, et al. “Intensified Paraglacial Slope Failures Due to Accelerating Downwasting of a Temperate Glacier in Mt. Gongga, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau.” Earth Surface Dynamics, vol. 10, no. 1, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 23–42, doi:10.5194/esurf-10-23-2022. short: Y. Zhong, Q. Liu, M. Westoby, Y. Nie, F. Pellicciotti, B. Zhang, J. Cai, G. Liu, H. Liao, X. Lu, Earth Surface Dynamics 10 (2022) 23–42. date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:30Z date_published: 2022-01-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:38:27Z day: '11' doi: 10.5194/esurf-10-23-2022 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 10' issue: '1' keyword: - Earth-Surface Processes - Geophysics language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-23-2022 month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 23-42 publication: Earth Surface Dynamics publication_identifier: issn: - 2196-632X publication_status: published publisher: Copernicus Publications quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Intensified paraglacial slope failures due to accelerating downwasting of a temperate glacier in Mt. Gongga, southeastern Tibetan Plateau type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 10 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12582' abstract: - lang: eng text: Supraglacial debris covers 7% of mountain glacier area globally and generally reduces glacier surface melt. Enhanced energy absorption at ice cliffs and supraglacial ponds scattered across the debris surface leads these features to contribute disproportionately to glacier-wide ablation. However, the degree to which cliffs and ponds actually increase melt rates remains unclear, as these features have only been studied in a detailed manner for selected locations, almost exclusively in High Mountain Asia. In this study we model the surface energy balance for debris-covered ice, ice cliffs, and supraglacial ponds with a set of automatic weather station records representing the global prevalence of debris-covered glacier ice. We generate 5000 random sets of values for physical parameters using probability distributions derived from literature, which we use to investigate relative melt rates and to isolate the melt responses of debris, cliffs and ponds to the site-specific meteorological forcing. Modelled sub-debris melt rates are primarily controlled by debris thickness and thermal conductivity. At a reference thickness of 0.1 m, sub-debris melt rates vary considerably, differing by up to a factor of four between sites, mainly attributable to air temperature differences. We find that melt rates for ice cliffs are consistently 2–3× the melt rate for clean glacier ice, but this melt enhancement decays with increasing clean ice melt rates. Energy absorption at supraglacial ponds is dominated by latent heat exchange and is therefore highly sensitive to wind speed and relative humidity, but is generally less than for clean ice. Our results provide reference melt enhancement factors for melt modelling of debris-covered glacier sites, globally, while highlighting the need for direct measurement of debris-covered glacier surface characteristics, physical parameters, and local meteorological conditions at a variety of sites around the world. article_number: '064004' article_processing_charge: No article_type: letter_note author: - first_name: E S full_name: Miles, E S last_name: Miles - first_name: J F full_name: Steiner, J F last_name: Steiner - first_name: P full_name: Buri, P last_name: Buri - first_name: W W full_name: Immerzeel, W W last_name: Immerzeel - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: Miles ES, Steiner JF, Buri P, Immerzeel WW, Pellicciotti F. Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces. Environmental Research Letters. 2022;17(6). doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966 apa: Miles, E. S., Steiner, J. F., Buri, P., Immerzeel, W. W., & Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces. Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966 chicago: Miles, E S, J F Steiner, P Buri, W W Immerzeel, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Controls on the Relative Melt Rates of Debris-Covered Glacier Surfaces.” Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966. ieee: E. S. Miles, J. F. Steiner, P. Buri, W. W. Immerzeel, and F. Pellicciotti, “Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 17, no. 6. IOP Publishing, 2022. ista: Miles ES, Steiner JF, Buri P, Immerzeel WW, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces. Environmental Research Letters. 17(6), 064004. mla: Miles, E. S., et al. “Controls on the Relative Melt Rates of Debris-Covered Glacier Surfaces.” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 17, no. 6, 064004, IOP Publishing, 2022, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966. short: E.S. Miles, J.F. Steiner, P. Buri, W.W. Immerzeel, F. Pellicciotti, Environmental Research Letters 17 (2022). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:37Z date_published: 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:34:25Z day: '01' doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '6' keyword: - Public Health - Environmental and Occupational Health - General Environmental Science - Renewable Energy - Sustainability and the Environment language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966 month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Environmental Research Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 1748-9326 publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 17 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '12583' abstract: - lang: eng text: Peruvian glaciers are important contributors to dry season runoff for agriculture and hydropower, but they are at risk of disappearing due to climate change. We applied a physically based, energy balance melt model at five on-glacier sites within the Peruvian Cordilleras Blanca and Vilcanota. Net shortwave radiation dominates the energy balance, and despite this flux being higher in the dry season, melt rates are lower due to losses from net longwave radiation and the latent heat flux. The sensible heat flux is a relatively small contributor to melt energy. At three of the sites the wet season snowpack was discontinuous, forming and melting within a daily to weekly timescale, and resulting in highly variable melt rates closely related to precipitation dynamics. Cold air temperatures due to a strong La Niña year at Shallap Glacier (Cordillera Blanca) resulted in a continuous wet season snowpack, significantly reducing wet season ablation. Sublimation was most important at the highest site in the accumulation zone of the Quelccaya Ice Cap (Cordillera Vilcanota), accounting for 81% of ablation, compared to 2%–4% for the other sites. Air temperature and precipitation inputs were perturbed to investigate the climate sensitivity of the five glaciers. At the lower sites warmer air temperatures resulted in a switch from snowfall to rain, so that ablation was increased via the decrease in albedo and increase in net shortwave radiation. At the top of Quelccaya Ice Cap warming caused melting to replace sublimation so that ablation increased nonlinearly with air temperature. article_number: e2021JD034911 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Catriona L. full_name: Fyffe, Catriona L. last_name: Fyffe - first_name: Emily full_name: Potter, Emily last_name: Potter - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Andrew full_name: Orr, Andrew last_name: Orr - first_name: Simone full_name: Fatichi, Simone last_name: Fatichi - first_name: Edwin full_name: Loarte, Edwin last_name: Loarte - first_name: Katy full_name: Medina, Katy last_name: Medina - first_name: Robert Å. full_name: Hellström, Robert Å. last_name: Hellström - first_name: Maud full_name: Bernat, Maud last_name: Bernat - first_name: Caroline full_name: Aubry‐Wake, Caroline last_name: Aubry‐Wake - first_name: Wolfgang full_name: Gurgiser, Wolfgang last_name: Gurgiser - first_name: L. Baker full_name: Perry, L. Baker last_name: Perry - first_name: Wilson full_name: Suarez, Wilson last_name: Suarez - first_name: Duncan J. full_name: Quincey, Duncan J. last_name: Quincey - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: 'Fyffe CL, Potter E, Fugger S, et al. The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021;126(23). doi:10.1029/2021jd034911' apa: 'Fyffe, C. L., Potter, E., Fugger, S., Orr, A., Fatichi, S., Loarte, E., … Pellicciotti, F. (2021). The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jd034911' chicago: 'Fyffe, Catriona L., Emily Potter, Stefan Fugger, Andrew Orr, Simone Fatichi, Edwin Loarte, Katy Medina, et al. “The Energy and Mass Balance of Peruvian Glaciers.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jd034911.' ieee: 'C. L. Fyffe et al., “The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 126, no. 23. American Geophysical Union, 2021.' ista: 'Fyffe CL, Potter E, Fugger S, Orr A, Fatichi S, Loarte E, Medina K, Hellström RÅ, Bernat M, Aubry‐Wake C, Gurgiser W, Perry LB, Suarez W, Quincey DJ, Pellicciotti F. 2021. The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 126(23), e2021JD034911.' mla: 'Fyffe, Catriona L., et al. “The Energy and Mass Balance of Peruvian Glaciers.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 126, no. 23, e2021JD034911, American Geophysical Union, 2021, doi:10.1029/2021jd034911.' short: 'C.L. Fyffe, E. Potter, S. Fugger, A. Orr, S. Fatichi, E. Loarte, K. Medina, R.Å. Hellström, M. Bernat, C. Aubry‐Wake, W. Gurgiser, L.B. Perry, W. Suarez, D.J. Quincey, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126 (2021).' date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:43Z date_published: 2021-12-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:31:08Z day: '16' doi: 10.1029/2021jd034911 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 126' issue: '23' keyword: - Space and Planetary Science - Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) - Atmospheric Science - Geophysics language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD034911 month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres' publication_identifier: eissn: - 2169-8996 issn: - 2169-897X publication_status: published publisher: American Geophysical Union quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 126 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '12584' abstract: - lang: eng text: This project explored the integrated use of satellite, ground observations and hydrological distributed models to support water resources assessment and monitoring in High Mountain Asia (HMA). Hydrological data products were generated taking advantage of the synergies of European and Chinese data assets and space-borne observation systems. Energy-budget-based glacier mass balance and hydrological models driven by satellite observations were developed. These models can be applied to describe glacier-melt contribution to river flow. Satellite hydrological data products were used for forcing, calibration, validation and data assimilation in distributed river basin models. A pilot study was carried out on the Red River basin. Multiple hydrological data products were generated using the data collected by Chinese satellites. A new Evapo-Transpiration (ET) dataset from 2000 to 2018 was generated, including plant transpiration, soil evaporation, rainfall interception loss, snow/ice sublimation and open water evaporation. Higher resolution data were used to characterize glaciers and their response to environmental forcing. These studies focused on the Parlung Zangbo Basin, where glacier facies were mapped with GaoFeng (GF), Sentinal-2/Multi-Spectral Imager (S2/MSI) and Landsat8/Operational Land Imager (L8/OLI) data. The geodetic mass balance was estimated between 2000 and 2017 with Zi-Yuan (ZY)-3 Stereo Images and the SRTM DEM. Surface velocity was studied with Landsat5/Thematic Mapper (L5/TM), L8/OLI and S2/MSI data over the period 2013–2019. An updated method was developed to improve the retrieval of glacier albedo by correcting glacier reflectance for anisotropy, and a new dataset on glacier albedo was generated for the period 2001–2020. A detailed glacier energy and mass balance model was developed with the support of field experiments at the Parlung No. 4 Glacier and the 24 K Glacier, both in the Tibetan Plateau. Besides meteorological measurements, the field experiments included glaciological and hydrological measurements. The energy balance model was formulated in terms of enthalpy for easier treatment of water phase transitions. The model was applied to assess the spatial variability in glacier melt. In the Parlung No. 4 Glacier, the accumulated glacier melt was between 1.5 and 2.5 m w.e. in the accumulation zone and between 4.5 and 6.0 m w.e. in the ablation zone, reaching 6.5 m w.e. at the terminus. The seasonality in the glacier mass balance was observed by combining intensive field campaigns with continuous automatic observations. The linkage of the glacier and snowpack mass balance with water resources in a river basin was analyzed in the Chiese (Italy) and Heihe (China) basins by developing and applying integrated hydrological models using satellite retrievals in multiple ways. The model FEST-WEB was calibrated using retrievals of Land Surface Temperature (LST) to map soil hydrological properties. A watershed model was developed by coupling ecohydrological and socioeconomic systems. Integrated modeling is supported by an updated and parallelized data assimilation system. The latter exploits retrievals of brightness temperature (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer, AMSR), LST (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS), precipitation (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and FengYun (FY)-2D) and in-situ measurements. In the case study on the Red River Basin, a new algorithm has been applied to disaggregate the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture retrievals by making use of the correlation between evaporative fraction and soil moisture. article_number: '5122' article_processing_charge: No article_type: letter_note author: - first_name: Massimo full_name: Menenti, Massimo last_name: Menenti - first_name: Xin full_name: Li, Xin last_name: Li - first_name: Li full_name: Jia, Li last_name: Jia - first_name: Kun full_name: Yang, Kun last_name: Yang - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti - first_name: Marco full_name: Mancini, Marco last_name: Mancini - first_name: Jiancheng full_name: Shi, Jiancheng last_name: Shi - first_name: Maria José full_name: Escorihuela, Maria José last_name: Escorihuela - first_name: Chaolei full_name: Zheng, Chaolei last_name: Zheng - first_name: Qiting full_name: Chen, Qiting last_name: Chen - first_name: Jing full_name: Lu, Jing last_name: Lu - first_name: Jie full_name: Zhou, Jie last_name: Zhou - first_name: Guangcheng full_name: Hu, Guangcheng last_name: Hu - first_name: Shaoting full_name: Ren, Shaoting last_name: Ren - first_name: Jing full_name: Zhang, Jing last_name: Zhang - first_name: Qinhuo full_name: Liu, Qinhuo last_name: Liu - first_name: Yubao full_name: Qiu, Yubao last_name: Qiu - first_name: Chunlin full_name: Huang, Chunlin last_name: Huang - first_name: Ji full_name: Zhou, Ji last_name: Zhou - first_name: Xujun full_name: Han, Xujun last_name: Han - first_name: Xiaoduo full_name: Pan, Xiaoduo last_name: Pan - first_name: Hongyi full_name: Li, Hongyi last_name: Li - first_name: Yerong full_name: Wu, Yerong last_name: Wu - first_name: Baohong full_name: Ding, Baohong last_name: Ding - first_name: Wei full_name: Yang, Wei last_name: Yang - first_name: Pascal full_name: Buri, Pascal last_name: Buri - first_name: Michael J. full_name: McCarthy, Michael J. last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Evan S. full_name: Miles, Evan S. last_name: Miles - first_name: Thomas E. full_name: Shaw, Thomas E. last_name: Shaw - first_name: Chunfeng full_name: Ma, Chunfeng last_name: Ma - first_name: Yanzhao full_name: Zhou, Yanzhao last_name: Zhou - first_name: Chiara full_name: Corbari, Chiara last_name: Corbari - first_name: Rui full_name: Li, Rui last_name: Li - first_name: Tianjie full_name: Zhao, Tianjie last_name: Zhao - first_name: Vivien full_name: Stefan, Vivien last_name: Stefan - first_name: Qi full_name: Gao, Qi last_name: Gao - first_name: Jingxiao full_name: Zhang, Jingxiao last_name: Zhang - first_name: Qiuxia full_name: Xie, Qiuxia last_name: Xie - first_name: Ning full_name: Wang, Ning last_name: Wang - first_name: Yibo full_name: Sun, Yibo last_name: Sun - first_name: Xinyu full_name: Mo, Xinyu last_name: Mo - first_name: Junru full_name: Jia, Junru last_name: Jia - first_name: Achille Pierre full_name: Jouberton, Achille Pierre last_name: Jouberton - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Nicola full_name: Paciolla, Nicola last_name: Paciolla - first_name: Giovanni full_name: Paolini, Giovanni last_name: Paolini citation: ama: Menenti M, Li X, Jia L, et al. Multi-source hydrological data products to monitor High Asian river basins and regional water security. Remote Sensing. 2021;13(24). doi:10.3390/rs13245122 apa: Menenti, M., Li, X., Jia, L., Yang, K., Pellicciotti, F., Mancini, M., … Paolini, G. (2021). Multi-source hydrological data products to monitor High Asian river basins and regional water security. Remote Sensing. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245122 chicago: Menenti, Massimo, Xin Li, Li Jia, Kun Yang, Francesca Pellicciotti, Marco Mancini, Jiancheng Shi, et al. “Multi-Source Hydrological Data Products to Monitor High Asian River Basins and Regional Water Security.” Remote Sensing. MDPI, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245122. ieee: M. Menenti et al., “Multi-source hydrological data products to monitor High Asian river basins and regional water security,” Remote Sensing, vol. 13, no. 24. MDPI, 2021. ista: Menenti M, Li X, Jia L, Yang K, Pellicciotti F, Mancini M, Shi J, Escorihuela MJ, Zheng C, Chen Q, Lu J, Zhou J, Hu G, Ren S, Zhang J, Liu Q, Qiu Y, Huang C, Zhou J, Han X, Pan X, Li H, Wu Y, Ding B, Yang W, Buri P, McCarthy MJ, Miles ES, Shaw TE, Ma C, Zhou Y, Corbari C, Li R, Zhao T, Stefan V, Gao Q, Zhang J, Xie Q, Wang N, Sun Y, Mo X, Jia J, Jouberton AP, Kneib M, Fugger S, Paciolla N, Paolini G. 2021. Multi-source hydrological data products to monitor High Asian river basins and regional water security. Remote Sensing. 13(24), 5122. mla: Menenti, Massimo, et al. “Multi-Source Hydrological Data Products to Monitor High Asian River Basins and Regional Water Security.” Remote Sensing, vol. 13, no. 24, 5122, MDPI, 2021, doi:10.3390/rs13245122. short: M. Menenti, X. Li, L. Jia, K. Yang, F. Pellicciotti, M. Mancini, J. Shi, M.J. Escorihuela, C. Zheng, Q. Chen, J. Lu, J. Zhou, G. Hu, S. Ren, J. Zhang, Q. Liu, Y. Qiu, C. Huang, J. Zhou, X. Han, X. Pan, H. Li, Y. Wu, B. Ding, W. Yang, P. Buri, M.J. McCarthy, E.S. Miles, T.E. Shaw, C. Ma, Y. Zhou, C. Corbari, R. Li, T. Zhao, V. Stefan, Q. Gao, J. Zhang, Q. Xie, N. Wang, Y. Sun, X. Mo, J. Jia, A.P. Jouberton, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, N. Paciolla, G. Paolini, Remote Sensing 13 (2021). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:49Z date_published: 2021-12-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:26:53Z day: '16' doi: 10.3390/rs13245122 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 13' issue: '24' keyword: - General Earth and Planetary Sciences language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245122 month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Remote Sensing publication_identifier: issn: - 2072-4292 publication_status: published publisher: MDPI quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Multi-source hydrological data products to monitor High Asian river basins and regional water security type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 13 year: '2021' ... --- _id: '12585' abstract: - lang: eng text: Glaciers in High Mountain Asia generate meltwater that supports the water needs of 250 million people, but current knowledge of annual accumulation and ablation is limited to sparse field measurements biased in location and glacier size. Here, we present altitudinally-resolved specific mass balances (surface, internal, and basal combined) for 5527 glaciers in High Mountain Asia for 2000–2016, derived by correcting observed glacier thinning patterns for mass redistribution due to ice flow. We find that 41% of glaciers accumulated mass over less than 20% of their area, and only 60% ± 10% of regional annual ablation was compensated by accumulation. Even without 21st century warming, 21% ± 1% of ice volume will be lost by 2100 due to current climatic-geometric imbalance, representing a reduction in glacier ablation into rivers of 28% ± 1%. The ablation of glaciers in the Himalayas and Tien Shan was mostly unsustainable and ice volume in these regions will reduce by at least 30% by 2100. The most important and vulnerable glacier-fed river basins (Amu Darya, Indus, Syr Darya, Tarim Interior) were supplied with >50% sustainable glacier ablation but will see long-term reductions in ice mass and glacier meltwater supply regardless of the Karakoram Anomaly. article_number: '2868' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Evan full_name: Miles, Evan last_name: Miles - first_name: Michael full_name: McCarthy, Michael last_name: McCarthy - first_name: Amaury full_name: Dehecq, Amaury last_name: Dehecq - first_name: Marin full_name: Kneib, Marin last_name: Kneib - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fugger, Stefan last_name: Fugger - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70 last_name: Pellicciotti citation: ama: Miles E, McCarthy M, Dehecq A, Kneib M, Fugger S, Pellicciotti F. Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia. Nature Communications. 2021;12. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4 apa: Miles, E., McCarthy, M., Dehecq, A., Kneib, M., Fugger, S., & Pellicciotti, F. (2021). Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4 chicago: Miles, Evan, Michael McCarthy, Amaury Dehecq, Marin Kneib, Stefan Fugger, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Health and Sustainability of Glaciers in High Mountain Asia.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4. ieee: E. Miles, M. McCarthy, A. Dehecq, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, and F. Pellicciotti, “Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia,” Nature Communications, vol. 12. Springer Nature, 2021. ista: Miles E, McCarthy M, Dehecq A, Kneib M, Fugger S, Pellicciotti F. 2021. Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia. Nature Communications. 12, 2868. mla: Miles, Evan, et al. “Health and Sustainability of Glaciers in High Mountain Asia.” Nature Communications, vol. 12, 2868, Springer Nature, 2021, doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4. short: E. Miles, M. McCarthy, A. Dehecq, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, F. Pellicciotti, Nature Communications 12 (2021). date_created: 2023-02-20T08:11:29Z date_published: 2021-05-17T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:21:51Z day: '17' doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 12' keyword: - General Physics and Astronomy - General Biochemistry - Genetics and Molecular Biology - General Chemistry - Multidisciplinary language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4 month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Nature Communications publication_identifier: issn: - 2041-1723 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 12 year: '2021' ...