---
_id: '14317'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Markov decision processes can be viewed as transformers of probability distributions.
    While this view is useful from a practical standpoint to reason about trajectories
    of distributions, basic reachability and safety problems are known to be computationally
    intractable (i.e., Skolem-hard) to solve in such models. Further, we show that
    even for simple examples of MDPs, strategies for safety objectives over distributions
    can require infinite memory and randomization.\r\nIn light of this, we present
    a novel overapproximation approach to synthesize strategies in an MDP, such that
    a safety objective over the distributions is met. More precisely, we develop a
    new framework for template-based synthesis of certificates as affine distributional
    and inductive invariants for safety objectives in MDPs. We provide two algorithms
    within this framework. One can only synthesize memoryless strategies, but has
    relative completeness guarantees, while the other can synthesize general strategies.
    The runtime complexity of both algorithms is in PSPACE. We implement these algorithms
    and show that they can solve several non-trivial examples."
acknowledgement: This work was supported in part by the ERC CoG 863818 (FoRM-SMArt)
  and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the
  Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 665385 as well as DST/CEFIPRA/INRIA project
  EQuaVE and SERB Matrices grant MTR/2018/00074.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
author:
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Akshay, S.
  last_name: Akshay
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Dorde
  full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
  id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zikelic
  orcid: 0000-0002-4681-1699
citation:
  ama: 'Akshay S, Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Zikelic D. MDPs as distribution transformers:
    Affine invariant synthesis for safety objectives. In: <i>International Conference
    on Computer Aided Verification</i>. Vol 13966. Springer Nature; 2023:86-112. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5">10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5</a>'
  apa: 'Akshay, S., Chatterjee, K., Meggendorfer, T., &#38; Zikelic, D. (2023). MDPs
    as distribution transformers: Affine invariant synthesis for safety objectives.
    In <i>International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i> (Vol. 13966,
    pp. 86–112). Paris, France: Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5</a>'
  chicago: 'Akshay, S., Krishnendu Chatterjee, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Dorde Zikelic.
    “MDPs as Distribution Transformers: Affine Invariant Synthesis for Safety Objectives.”
    In <i>International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, 13966:86–112.
    Springer Nature, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Akshay, K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, and D. Zikelic, “MDPs as distribution
    transformers: Affine invariant synthesis for safety objectives,” in <i>International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, Paris, France, 2023, vol. 13966,
    pp. 86–112.'
  ista: 'Akshay S, Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Zikelic D. 2023. MDPs as distribution
    transformers: Affine invariant synthesis for safety objectives. International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS,
    vol. 13966, 86–112.'
  mla: 'Akshay, S., et al. “MDPs as Distribution Transformers: Affine Invariant Synthesis
    for Safety Objectives.” <i>International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>,
    vol. 13966, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 86–112, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5">10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5</a>.'
  short: S. Akshay, K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, D. Zikelic, in:, International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 86–112.
conference:
  end_date: 2023-07-22
  location: Paris, France
  name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification'
  start_date: 2023-07-17
date_created: 2023-09-10T22:01:12Z
date_published: 2023-07-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:56Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_5
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: f143c8eedf609f20f2aad2eeb496d53f
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-09-20T08:46:43Z
  date_updated: 2023-09-20T08:46:43Z
  file_id: '14349'
  file_name: 2023_LNCS_Akshay.pdf
  file_size: 531745
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-09-20T08:46:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '     13966'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 86-112
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '665385'
  name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication: International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783031377082'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'MDPs as distribution transformers: Affine invariant synthesis for safety objectives'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13966
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '14417'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Entropic risk (ERisk) is an established risk measure in finance, quantifying
    risk by an exponential re-weighting of rewards. We study ERisk for the first time
    in the context of turn-based stochastic games with the total reward objective.
    This gives rise to an objective function that demands the control of systems in
    a risk-averse manner. We show that the resulting games are determined and, in
    particular, admit optimal memoryless deterministic strategies. This contrasts
    risk measures that previously have been considered in the special case of Markov
    decision processes and that require randomization and/or memory. We provide several
    results on the decidability and the computational complexity of the threshold
    problem, i.e. whether the optimal value of ERisk exceeds a given threshold. In
    the most general case, the problem is decidable subject to Shanuel’s conjecture.
    If all inputs are rational, the resulting threshold problem can be solved using
    algebraic numbers, leading to decidability via a polynomial-time reduction to
    the existential theory of the reals. Further restrictions on the encoding of the
    input allow the solution of the threshold problem in NP∩coNP. Finally, an approximation
    algorithm for the optimal value of ERisk is provided.
acknowledgement: "This work was partly funded by the ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt),
  the DFG Grant\r\n389792660 as part of TRR 248 (Foundations of Perspicuous Software
  Systems), the Cluster of\r\nExcellence EXC 2050/1 (CeTI, project ID 390696704, as
  part of Germany’s Excellence Strategy), and the DFG projects BA-1679/11-1 and BA-1679/12-1."
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '15'
article_processing_charge: Yes
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Christel
  full_name: Baier, Christel
  last_name: Baier
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Piribauer, Jakob
  last_name: Piribauer
citation:
  ama: 'Baier C, Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Piribauer J. Entropic risk for turn-based
    stochastic games. In: <i>48th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations
    of Computer Science</i>. Vol 272. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik;
    2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15">10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15</a>'
  apa: 'Baier, C., Chatterjee, K., Meggendorfer, T., &#38; Piribauer, J. (2023). Entropic
    risk for turn-based stochastic games. In <i>48th International Symposium on Mathematical
    Foundations of Computer Science</i> (Vol. 272). Bordeaux, France: Schloss Dagstuhl
    - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15</a>'
  chicago: Baier, Christel, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Jakob
    Piribauer. “Entropic Risk for Turn-Based Stochastic Games.” In <i>48th International
    Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science</i>, Vol. 272. Schloss
    Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15</a>.
  ieee: C. Baier, K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, and J. Piribauer, “Entropic risk
    for turn-based stochastic games,” in <i>48th International Symposium on Mathematical
    Foundations of Computer Science</i>, Bordeaux, France, 2023, vol. 272.
  ista: 'Baier C, Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Piribauer J. 2023. Entropic risk for
    turn-based stochastic games. 48th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations
    of Computer Science. MFCS: Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science,
    LIPIcs, vol. 272, 15.'
  mla: Baier, Christel, et al. “Entropic Risk for Turn-Based Stochastic Games.” <i>48th
    International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science</i>, vol.
    272, 15, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15">10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15</a>.
  short: C. Baier, K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, J. Piribauer, in:, 48th International
    Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, Schloss Dagstuhl -
    Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2023.
conference:
  end_date: 2023-09-01
  location: Bordeaux, France
  name: 'MFCS: Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science'
  start_date: 2023-08-28
date_created: 2023-10-09T09:21:05Z
date_published: 2023-08-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:57Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2023.15
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2307.06611'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 402281b17ed669bbf149d0fdf68ac201
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-10-09T09:19:11Z
  date_updated: 2023-10-09T09:19:11Z
  file_id: '14418'
  file_name: 2023_LIPIcsMFCS_Baier.pdf
  file_size: 826843
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-10-09T09:19:11Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       272'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication: 48th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer
  Science
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1868-8969
  isbn:
  - '9783959772921'
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Entropic risk for turn-based stochastic games
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 272
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '14518'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We consider bidding games, a class of two-player zero-sum graph games. The
    game proceeds as follows. Both players have bounded budgets. A token is placed
    on a vertex of a graph, in each turn the players simultaneously submit bids, and
    the higher bidder moves the token, where we break bidding ties in favor of Player
    1. Player 1 wins the game iff the token visits a designated target vertex. We
    consider, for the first time, poorman discrete-bidding in which the granularity
    of the bids is restricted and the higher bid is paid to the bank. Previous work
    either did not impose granularity restrictions or considered Richman bidding (bids
    are paid to the opponent). While the latter mechanisms are technically more accessible,
    the former is more appealing from a practical standpoint. Our study focuses on
    threshold budgets, which is the necessary and sufficient initial budget required
    for Player 1 to ensure winning against a given Player 2 budget. We first show
    existence of thresholds. In DAGs, we show that threshold budgets can be approximated
    with error bounds by thresholds under continuous-bidding and that they exhibit
    a periodic behavior. We identify closed-form solutions in special cases. We implement
    and experiment with an algorithm to find threshold budgets.
acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by ISF grant no. 1679/21, ERC
  CoG 863818 (FoRM-SMArt) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
  programme under the Marie SkłodowskaCurie Grant Agreement No. 665385.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Guy
  full_name: Avni, Guy
  id: 463C8BC2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Avni
  orcid: 0000-0001-5588-8287
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Suman
  full_name: Sadhukhan, Suman
  last_name: Sadhukhan
- first_name: Josef
  full_name: Tkadlec, Josef
  id: 3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Tkadlec
  orcid: 0000-0002-1097-9684
- first_name: Dorde
  full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
  id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zikelic
  orcid: 0000-0002-4681-1699
citation:
  ama: 'Avni G, Meggendorfer T, Sadhukhan S, Tkadlec J, Zikelic D. Reachability poorman
    discrete-bidding games. In: <i>Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications</i>.
    Vol 372. IOS Press; 2023:141-148. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230264">10.3233/FAIA230264</a>'
  apa: 'Avni, G., Meggendorfer, T., Sadhukhan, S., Tkadlec, J., &#38; Zikelic, D.
    (2023). Reachability poorman discrete-bidding games. In <i>Frontiers in Artificial
    Intelligence and Applications</i> (Vol. 372, pp. 141–148). Krakow, Poland: IOS
    Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230264">https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230264</a>'
  chicago: Avni, Guy, Tobias Meggendorfer, Suman Sadhukhan, Josef Tkadlec, and Dorde
    Zikelic. “Reachability Poorman Discrete-Bidding Games.” In <i>Frontiers in Artificial
    Intelligence and Applications</i>, 372:141–48. IOS Press, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230264">https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230264</a>.
  ieee: G. Avni, T. Meggendorfer, S. Sadhukhan, J. Tkadlec, and D. Zikelic, “Reachability
    poorman discrete-bidding games,” in <i>Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and
    Applications</i>, Krakow, Poland, 2023, vol. 372, pp. 141–148.
  ista: 'Avni G, Meggendorfer T, Sadhukhan S, Tkadlec J, Zikelic D. 2023. Reachability
    poorman discrete-bidding games. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications.
    ECAI: European Conference on Artificial Intelligence vol. 372, 141–148.'
  mla: Avni, Guy, et al. “Reachability Poorman Discrete-Bidding Games.” <i>Frontiers
    in Artificial Intelligence and Applications</i>, vol. 372, IOS Press, 2023, pp.
    141–48, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA230264">10.3233/FAIA230264</a>.
  short: G. Avni, T. Meggendorfer, S. Sadhukhan, J. Tkadlec, D. Zikelic, in:, Frontiers
    in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, IOS Press, 2023, pp. 141–148.
conference:
  end_date: 2023-10-04
  location: Krakow, Poland
  name: 'ECAI: European Conference on Artificial Intelligence'
  start_date: 2023-09-30
date_created: 2023-11-12T23:00:56Z
date_published: 2023-09-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:57Z
day: '28'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: ToHe
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.3233/FAIA230264
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2307.15218'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 1390ca38480fa4cf286b0f1a42e8c12f
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-11-13T10:16:10Z
  date_updated: 2023-11-13T10:16:10Z
  file_id: '14529'
  file_name: 2023_FAIA_Avni.pdf
  file_size: 501011
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-11-13T10:16:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       372'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 141-148
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '665385'
  name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781643684369'
  issn:
  - 0922-6389
publication_status: published
publisher: IOS Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Reachability poorman discrete-bidding games
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 372
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '14990'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The software artefact to evaluate the approximation of stationary distributions
    implementation.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
citation:
  ama: 'Meggendorfer T. Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary Distributions.
    2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214">10.5281/ZENODO.7548214</a>'
  apa: 'Meggendorfer, T. (2023). Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary
    Distributions. Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214</a>'
  chicago: 'Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary
    Distributions.” Zenodo, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. Meggendorfer, “Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary Distributions.”
    Zenodo, 2023.'
  ista: 'Meggendorfer T. 2023. Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary Distributions,
    Zenodo, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214">10.5281/ZENODO.7548214</a>.'
  mla: 'Meggendorfer, Tobias. <i>Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary
    Distributions</i>. Zenodo, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7548214">10.5281/ZENODO.7548214</a>.'
  short: T. Meggendorfer, (2023).
date_created: 2024-02-14T14:27:06Z
date_published: 2023-01-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-27T07:19:32Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.7548214
has_accepted_license: '1'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548214
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Zenodo
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '13139'
    relation: used_in_publication
    status: public
status: public
title: 'Artefact for: Correct Approximation of Stationary Distributions'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '13139'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A classical problem for Markov chains is determining their stationary (or
    steady-state) distribution. This problem has an equally classical solution based
    on eigenvectors and linear equation systems. However, this approach does not scale
    to large instances, and iterative solutions are desirable. It turns out that a
    naive approach, as used by current model checkers, may yield completely wrong
    results. We present a new approach, which utilizes recent advances in partial
    exploration and mean payoff computation to obtain a correct, converging approximation.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
citation:
  ama: 'Meggendorfer T. Correct approximation of stationary distributions. In: <i>TACAS
    2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>. Vol
    13993. Springer Nature; 2023:489-507. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25">10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25</a>'
  apa: 'Meggendorfer, T. (2023). Correct approximation of stationary distributions.
    In <i>TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>
    (Vol. 13993, pp. 489–507). Paris, France: Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25</a>'
  chicago: 'Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Correct Approximation of Stationary Distributions.”
    In <i>TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>,
    13993:489–507. Springer Nature, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. Meggendorfer, “Correct approximation of stationary distributions,” in
    <i>TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>,
    Paris, France, 2023, vol. 13993, pp. 489–507.'
  ista: 'Meggendorfer T. 2023. Correct approximation of stationary distributions.
    TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems.
    TACAS: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, LNCS,
    vol. 13993, 489–507.'
  mla: 'Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Correct Approximation of Stationary Distributions.”
    <i>TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>,
    vol. 13993, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 489–507, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25">10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25</a>.'
  short: 'T. Meggendorfer, in:, TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction
    and Analysis of Systems, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 489–507.'
conference:
  end_date: 2023-04-27
  location: Paris, France
  name: 'TACAS: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems'
  start_date: 2023-04-22
date_created: 2023-06-18T22:00:46Z
date_published: 2023-04-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-27T07:19:33Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-30823-9_25
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2301.08137'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 59f707a3949c03793251b0d04c62542a
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-06-19T07:18:40Z
  date_updated: 2023-06-19T07:18:40Z
  file_id: '13148'
  file_name: 2023_LNCS_Meggendorfer.pdf
  file_size: 521951
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-06-19T07:18:40Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '     13993'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 489-507
publication: 'TACAS 2023: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of
  Systems'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783031308222'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '14990'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Correct approximation of stationary distributions
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13993
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '13967'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'A classic solution technique for Markov decision processes (MDP) and stochastic
    games (SG) is value iteration (VI). Due to its good practical performance, this
    approximative approach is typically preferred over exact techniques, even though
    no practical bounds on the imprecision of the result could be given until recently.
    As a consequence, even the most used model checkers could return arbitrarily wrong
    results. Over the past decade, different works derived stopping criteria, indicating
    when the precision reaches the desired level, for various settings, in particular
    MDP with reachability, total reward, and mean payoff, and SG with reachability.In
    this paper, we provide the first stopping criteria for VI on SG with total reward
    and mean payoff, yielding the first anytime algorithms in these settings. To this
    end, we provide the solution in two flavours: First through a reduction to the
    MDP case and second directly on SG. The former is simpler and automatically utilizes
    any advances on MDP. The latter allows for more local computations, heading towards
    better practical efficiency.Our solution unifies the previously mentioned approaches
    for MDP and SG and their underlying ideas. To achieve this, we isolate objective-specific
    subroutines as well as identify objective-independent concepts. These structural
    concepts, while surprisingly simple, form the very essence of the unified solution.'
acknowledgement: This research was funded in part by DFG projects 383882557 “SUV”
  and 427755713 “GOPro”.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Kretinsky, Jan
  id: 44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kretinsky
  orcid: 0000-0002-8122-2881
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Maximilian
  full_name: Weininger, Maximilian
  id: 02ab0197-cc70-11ed-ab61-918e71f56881
  last_name: Weininger
citation:
  ama: 'Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Weininger M. Stopping criteria for value iteration
    on stochastic games with quantitative objectives. In: <i>38th Annual ACM/IEEE
    Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i>. Vol 2023. Institute of Electrical
    and Electronics Engineers; 2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771">10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771</a>'
  apa: 'Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., &#38; Weininger, M. (2023). Stopping criteria
    for value iteration on stochastic games with quantitative objectives. In <i>38th
    Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i> (Vol. 2023). Boston,
    MA, United States: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771">https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771</a>'
  chicago: Kretinsky, Jan, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Maximilian Weininger. “Stopping
    Criteria for Value Iteration on Stochastic Games with Quantitative Objectives.”
    In <i>38th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i>, Vol. 2023.
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771">https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771</a>.
  ieee: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, and M. Weininger, “Stopping criteria for value
    iteration on stochastic games with quantitative objectives,” in <i>38th Annual
    ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science</i>, Boston, MA, United States,
    2023, vol. 2023.
  ista: 'Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Weininger M. 2023. Stopping criteria for value
    iteration on stochastic games with quantitative objectives. 38th Annual ACM/IEEE
    Symposium on Logic in Computer Science. LICS: Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
    vol. 2023.'
  mla: Kretinsky, Jan, et al. “Stopping Criteria for Value Iteration on Stochastic
    Games with Quantitative Objectives.” <i>38th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic
    in Computer Science</i>, vol. 2023, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
    2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771">10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771</a>.
  short: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, M. Weininger, in:, 38th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium
    on Logic in Computer Science, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
    2023.
conference:
  end_date: 2023-06-29
  location: Boston, MA, United States
  name: 'LICS: Symposium on Logic in Computer Science'
  start_date: 2023-06-26
date_created: 2023-08-06T22:01:10Z
date_published: 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-12-13T12:06:10Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1109/LICS56636.2023.10175771
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2304.09930'
  isi:
  - '001036707700042'
intvolume: '      2023'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.09930
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: 38th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9798350335873'
  issn:
  - 1043-6871
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Stopping criteria for value iteration on stochastic games with quantitative
  objectives
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2023
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '14259'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We provide a learning-based technique for guessing a winning strategy in
    a parity game originating from an LTL synthesis problem. A cheaply obtained guess
    can be useful in several applications. Not only can the guessed strategy be applied
    as best-effort in cases where the game’s huge size prohibits rigorous approaches,
    but it can also increase the scalability of rigorous LTL synthesis in several
    ways. Firstly, checking whether a guessed strategy is winning is easier than constructing
    one. Secondly, even if the guess is wrong in some places, it can be fixed by strategy
    iteration faster than constructing one from scratch. Thirdly, the guess can be
    used in on-the-fly approaches to prioritize exploration in the most fruitful directions.\r\nIn
    contrast to previous works, we (i) reflect the highly structured logical information
    in game’s states, the so-called semantic labelling, coming from the recent LTL-to-automata
    translations, and (ii) learn to reflect it properly by learning from previously
    solved games, bringing the solving process closer to human-like reasoning."
acknowledgement: This research was funded in part by the German Research Foundation
  (DFG) project 427755713 Group-By Objectives in Probabilistic Verification (GOPro).
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
author:
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Kretinsky, Jan
  id: 44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kretinsky
  orcid: 0000-0002-8122-2881
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Maximilian
  full_name: Prokop, Maximilian
  last_name: Prokop
- first_name: Sabine
  full_name: Rieder, Sabine
  last_name: Rieder
citation:
  ama: 'Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Prokop M, Rieder S. Guessing winning policies
    in LTL synthesis by semantic learning. In: <i>35th International Conference on
    Computer Aided Verification </i>. Vol 13964. Springer Nature; 2023:390-414. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20">10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20</a>'
  apa: 'Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., Prokop, M., &#38; Rieder, S. (2023). Guessing
    winning policies in LTL synthesis by semantic learning. In <i>35th International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification </i> (Vol. 13964, pp. 390–414). Paris,
    France: Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20</a>'
  chicago: Kretinsky, Jan, Tobias Meggendorfer, Maximilian Prokop, and Sabine Rieder.
    “Guessing Winning Policies in LTL Synthesis by Semantic Learning.” In <i>35th
    International Conference on Computer Aided Verification </i>, 13964:390–414. Springer
    Nature, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20</a>.
  ieee: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, M. Prokop, and S. Rieder, “Guessing winning
    policies in LTL synthesis by semantic learning,” in <i>35th International Conference
    on Computer Aided Verification </i>, Paris, France, 2023, vol. 13964, pp. 390–414.
  ista: 'Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Prokop M, Rieder S. 2023. Guessing winning policies
    in LTL synthesis by semantic learning. 35th International Conference on Computer
    Aided Verification . CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 13964, 390–414.'
  mla: Kretinsky, Jan, et al. “Guessing Winning Policies in LTL Synthesis by Semantic
    Learning.” <i>35th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification </i>,
    vol. 13964, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 390–414, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20">10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20</a>.
  short: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, M. Prokop, S. Rieder, in:, 35th International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification , Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 390–414.
conference:
  end_date: 2023-07-22
  location: Paris, France
  name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification'
  start_date: 2023-07-17
date_created: 2023-09-03T22:01:16Z
date_published: 2023-07-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-06T08:27:33Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-37706-8_20
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: ed66278b61bb869e1baba3d9b9081271
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-09-06T08:25:50Z
  date_updated: 2023-09-06T08:25:50Z
  file_id: '14276'
  file_name: 2023_LNCS_CAV_Kretinsky.pdf
  file_size: 428354
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-09-06T08:25:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '     13964'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 390-414
publication: '35th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification '
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783031377051'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Guessing winning policies in LTL synthesis by semantic learning
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13964
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '12676'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Turn-based stochastic games (aka simple stochastic games) are two-player zero-sum
    games played on directed graphs with probabilistic transitions. The goal of player-max
    is to maximize the probability to reach a target state against the adversarial
    player-min. These games lie in NP ∩ coNP and are among the rare combinatorial
    problems that belong to this complexity class for which the existence of polynomial-time
    algorithm is a major open question. While randomized sub-exponential time algorithm
    exists, all known deterministic algorithms require exponential time in the worst-case.
    An important open question has been whether faster algorithms can be obtained
    parametrized by the treewidth of the game graph. Even deterministic sub-exponential
    time algorithm for constant treewidth turn-based stochastic games has remain elusive.
    In this work our main result is a deterministic algorithm to solve turn-based
    stochastic games that, given a game with n states, treewidth at most t, and the
    bit-complexity of the probabilistic transition function log D, has running time
    O ((tn2 log D)t log n). In particular, our algorithm is quasi-polynomial time
    for games with constant or poly-logarithmic treewidth.
acknowledgement: This research was partially supported by the ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt)
  grant.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Raimundo J
  full_name: Saona Urmeneta, Raimundo J
  id: BD1DF4C4-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425
  last_name: Saona Urmeneta
  orcid: 0000-0001-5103-038X
- first_name: Jakub
  full_name: Svoboda, Jakub
  id: 130759D2-D7DD-11E9-87D2-DE0DE6697425
  last_name: Svoboda
  orcid: 0000-0002-1419-3267
citation:
  ama: 'Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Saona Urmeneta RJ, Svoboda J. Faster algorithm
    for turn-based stochastic games with bounded treewidth. In: <i>Proceedings of
    the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms</i>. Society for Industrial
    and Applied Mathematics; 2023:4590-4605. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173">10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173</a>'
  apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Meggendorfer, T., Saona Urmeneta, R. J., &#38; Svoboda, J.
    (2023). Faster algorithm for turn-based stochastic games with bounded treewidth.
    In <i>Proceedings of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms</i>
    (pp. 4590–4605). Florence, Italy: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173">https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173</a>'
  chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Tobias Meggendorfer, Raimundo J Saona Urmeneta,
    and Jakub Svoboda. “Faster Algorithm for Turn-Based Stochastic Games with Bounded
    Treewidth.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete
    Algorithms</i>, 4590–4605. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2023.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173">https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173</a>.
  ieee: K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, R. J. Saona Urmeneta, and J. Svoboda, “Faster
    algorithm for turn-based stochastic games with bounded treewidth,” in <i>Proceedings
    of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms</i>, Florence, Italy,
    2023, pp. 4590–4605.
  ista: 'Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Saona Urmeneta RJ, Svoboda J. 2023. Faster
    algorithm for turn-based stochastic games with bounded treewidth. Proceedings
    of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. SODA: Symposium
    on Discrete Algorithms, 4590–4605.'
  mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Faster Algorithm for Turn-Based Stochastic
    Games with Bounded Treewidth.” <i>Proceedings of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium
    on Discrete Algorithms</i>, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2023,
    pp. 4590–605, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173">10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173</a>.
  short: K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, R.J. Saona Urmeneta, J. Svoboda, in:, Proceedings
    of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, Society for Industrial
    and Applied Mathematics, 2023, pp. 4590–4605.
conference:
  end_date: 2023-01-25
  location: Florence, Italy
  name: 'SODA: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms'
  start_date: 2023-01-22
date_created: 2023-02-24T12:20:47Z
date_published: 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:50Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173
ec_funded: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611977554.ch173
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 4590-4605
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication: Proceedings of the 2023 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781611977554'
publication_status: published
publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Faster algorithm for turn-based stochastic games with bounded treewidth
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10602'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Transforming ω-automata into parity automata is traditionally done using appearance
    records. We present an efficient variant of this idea, tailored to Rabin automata,
    and several optimizations applicable to all appearance records. We compare the
    methods experimentally and show that our method produces significantly smaller
    automata than previous approaches.
acknowledgement: This work is partially funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG)
  projects Verified Model Checkers (No. 317422601) and Statistical Unbounded Verification
  (No. 383882557), and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation with funds from the German
  Federal Ministry of Education and Research. It is an extended version of [21], including
  all proofs together with further explanations and examples. Moreover, we provide
  a new, more efficient construction based on (total) preorders, unifying previous
  optimizations. Experiments are performed with a new, performant implementation,
  comparing our approach to the current state of the art.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Kretinsky, Jan
  id: 44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kretinsky
  orcid: 0000-0002-8122-2881
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Clara
  full_name: Waldmann, Clara
  last_name: Waldmann
- first_name: Maximilian
  full_name: Weininger, Maximilian
  last_name: Weininger
citation:
  ama: Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Waldmann C, Weininger M. Index appearance record
    with preorders. <i>Acta Informatica</i>. 2022;59:585-618. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y">10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y</a>
  apa: Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., Waldmann, C., &#38; Weininger, M. (2022).
    Index appearance record with preorders. <i>Acta Informatica</i>. Springer Nature.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y</a>
  chicago: Kretinsky, Jan, Tobias Meggendorfer, Clara Waldmann, and Maximilian Weininger.
    “Index Appearance Record with Preorders.” <i>Acta Informatica</i>. Springer Nature,
    2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y</a>.
  ieee: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, C. Waldmann, and M. Weininger, “Index appearance
    record with preorders,” <i>Acta Informatica</i>, vol. 59. Springer Nature, pp.
    585–618, 2022.
  ista: Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Waldmann C, Weininger M. 2022. Index appearance
    record with preorders. Acta Informatica. 59, 585–618.
  mla: Kretinsky, Jan, et al. “Index Appearance Record with Preorders.” <i>Acta Informatica</i>,
    vol. 59, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 585–618, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y">10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y</a>.
  short: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, C. Waldmann, M. Weininger, Acta Informatica
    59 (2022) 585–618.
date_created: 2022-01-06T12:37:27Z
date_published: 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-02T13:49:28Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/s00236-021-00412-y
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000735765500001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
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  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-07T07:50:31Z
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intvolume: '        59'
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keyword:
- computer networks and communications
- information systems
- software
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 585-618
project:
- _id: B67AFEDC-15C9-11EA-A837-991A96BB2854
  name: IST Austria Open Access Fund
publication: Acta Informatica
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1432-0525
  issn:
  - 0001-5903
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Index appearance record with preorders
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 59
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12000'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We consider the quantitative problem of obtaining lower-bounds on the probability
    of termination of a given non-deterministic probabilistic program. Specifically,
    given a non-termination threshold p∈[0,1], we aim for certificates proving that
    the program terminates with probability at least 1−p. The basic idea of our approach
    is to find a terminating stochastic invariant, i.e. a subset SI of program states
    such that (i) the probability of the program ever leaving SI is no more than p,
    and (ii) almost-surely, the program either leaves SI or terminates.\r\n\r\nWhile
    stochastic invariants are already well-known, we provide the first proof that
    the idea above is not only sound, but also complete for quantitative termination
    analysis. We then introduce a novel sound and complete characterization of stochastic
    invariants that enables template-based approaches for easy synthesis of quantitative
    termination certificates, especially in affine or polynomial forms. Finally, by
    combining this idea with the existing martingale-based methods that are relatively
    complete for qualitative termination analysis, we obtain the first automated,
    sound, and relatively complete algorithm for quantitative termination analysis.
    Notably, our completeness guarantees for quantitative termination analysis are
    as strong as the best-known methods for the qualitative variant.\r\n\r\nOur prototype
    implementation demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach on various probabilistic
    programs. We also demonstrate that our algorithm certifies lower bounds on termination
    probability for probabilistic programs that are beyond the reach of previous methods."
acknowledgement: This research was partially supported by the ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt),
  the HKUST-Kaisa Joint Research Institute Project Grant HKJRI3A-055, the HKUST Startup
  Grant R9272 and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
  under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 665385.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
  full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
  id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Goharshady
  orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Dorde
  full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
  id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zikelic
  orcid: 0000-0002-4681-1699
citation:
  ama: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Meggendorfer T, Zikelic D. Sound and complete
    certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs.
    In: <i>Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>.
    Vol 13371. Springer; 2022:55-78. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4">10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4</a>'
  apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., Meggendorfer, T., &#38; Zikelic, D. (2022).
    Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic
    programs. In <i>Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided
    Verification</i> (Vol. 13371, pp. 55–78). Haifa, Israel: Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4</a>'
  chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, Tobias Meggendorfer,
    and Dorde Zikelic. “Sound and Complete Certificates for Auantitative Termination
    Analysis of Probabilistic Programs.” In <i>Proceedings of the 34th International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, 13371:55–78. Springer, 2022. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4</a>.
  ieee: K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, T. Meggendorfer, and D. Zikelic, “Sound and complete
    certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs,”
    in <i>Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>,
    Haifa, Israel, 2022, vol. 13371, pp. 55–78.
  ista: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Meggendorfer T, Zikelic D. 2022. Sound and complete
    certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic programs.
    Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification.
    CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 13371, 55–78.'
  mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Sound and Complete Certificates for Auantitative
    Termination Analysis of Probabilistic Programs.” <i>Proceedings of the 34th International
    Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, vol. 13371, Springer, 2022, pp.
    55–78, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4">10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4</a>.
  short: K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, T. Meggendorfer, D. Zikelic, in:, Proceedings
    of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer,
    2022, pp. 55–78.
conference:
  end_date: 2022-08-10
  location: Haifa, Israel
  name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification'
  start_date: 2022-08-07
date_created: 2022-08-28T22:02:02Z
date_published: 2022-08-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:58Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_4
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000870304500004'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 24e0f810ec52735a90ade95198bc641d
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: alisjak
  date_created: 2022-08-29T09:17:01Z
  date_updated: 2022-08-29T09:17:01Z
  file_id: '12003'
  file_name: 2022_LNCS_Chatterjee.pdf
  file_size: 505094
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-08-29T09:17:01Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '     13371'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 55-78
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '665385'
  name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication: Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783031131844'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '14539'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Sound and complete certificates for auantitative termination analysis of probabilistic
  programs
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 13371
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12102'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Given a Markov chain M = (V, v_0, δ), with state space V and a starting state
    v_0, and a probability threshold ε, an ε-core is a subset C of states that is
    left with probability at most ε. More formally, C ⊆ V is an ε-core, iff ℙ[reach
    (V\C)] ≤ ε. Cores have been applied in a wide variety of verification problems
    over Markov chains, Markov decision processes, and probabilistic programs, as
    a means of discarding uninteresting and low-probability parts of a probabilistic
    system and instead being able to focus on the states that are likely to be encountered
    in a real-world run. In this work, we focus on the problem of computing a minimal
    ε-core in a Markov chain. Our contributions include both negative and positive
    results: (i) We show that the decision problem on the existence of an ε-core of
    a given size is NP-complete. This solves an open problem posed in [Jan Kretínský
    and Tobias Meggendorfer, 2020]. We additionally show that the problem remains
    NP-complete even when limited to acyclic Markov chains with bounded maximal vertex
    degree; (ii) We provide a polynomial time algorithm for computing a minimal ε-core
    on Markov chains over control-flow graphs of structured programs. A straightforward
    combination of our algorithm with standard branch prediction techniques allows
    one to apply the idea of cores to find a subset of program lines that are left
    with low probability and then focus any desired static analysis on this core subset.'
acknowledgement: "The research was partially supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants
  Council ECS\r\nProject No. 26208122, ERC CoG 863818 (FoRM-SMArt), the European Union’s
  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie
  Grant Agreement No. 665385, HKUST– Kaisa Joint Research Institute Project Grant
  HKJRI3A-055 and HKUST Startup Grant R9272. Ali Ahmadi and Roodabeh Safavi were interns
  at HKUST."
article_number: '29'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ali
  full_name: Ahmadi, Ali
  last_name: Ahmadi
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
  full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
  id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Goharshady
  orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Roodabeh
  full_name: Safavi Hemami, Roodabeh
  id: 72ed2640-8972-11ed-ae7b-f9c81ec75154
  last_name: Safavi Hemami
- first_name: Dorde
  full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
  id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zikelic
  orcid: 0000-0002-4681-1699
citation:
  ama: 'Ahmadi A, Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Meggendorfer T, Safavi Hemami R, Zikelic
    D. Algorithms and hardness results for computing cores of Markov chains. In: <i>42nd
    IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
    Computer Science</i>. Vol 250. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik;
    2022. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29">10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29</a>'
  apa: 'Ahmadi, A., Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., Meggendorfer, T., Safavi Hemami,
    R., &#38; Zikelic, D. (2022). Algorithms and hardness results for computing cores
    of Markov chains. In <i>42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software
    Technology and Theoretical Computer Science</i> (Vol. 250). Madras, India: Schloss
    Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29</a>'
  chicago: Ahmadi, Ali, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, Tobias Meggendorfer,
    Roodabeh Safavi Hemami, and Dorde Zikelic. “Algorithms and Hardness Results for
    Computing Cores of Markov Chains.” In <i>42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations
    of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science</i>, Vol. 250. Schloss
    Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29</a>.
  ieee: A. Ahmadi, K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, T. Meggendorfer, R. Safavi Hemami,
    and D. Zikelic, “Algorithms and hardness results for computing cores of Markov
    chains,” in <i>42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology
    and Theoretical Computer Science</i>, Madras, India, 2022, vol. 250.
  ista: 'Ahmadi A, Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Meggendorfer T, Safavi Hemami R, Zikelic
    D. 2022. Algorithms and hardness results for computing cores of Markov chains.
    42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical
    Computer Science. FSTTC: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer
    Science vol. 250, 29.'
  mla: Ahmadi, Ali, et al. “Algorithms and Hardness Results for Computing Cores of
    Markov Chains.” <i>42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology
    and Theoretical Computer Science</i>, vol. 250, 29, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
    für Informatik, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29">10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29</a>.
  short: A. Ahmadi, K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, T. Meggendorfer, R. Safavi Hemami,
    D. Zikelic, in:, 42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology
    and Theoretical Computer Science, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
    2022.
conference:
  end_date: 2022-12-20
  location: Madras, India
  name: 'FSTTC: Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science'
  start_date: 2022-12-18
date_created: 2023-01-01T23:00:50Z
date_published: 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:55Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2022.29
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 6660c802489013f034c9e8bd57f4d46e
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-01-20T10:39:44Z
  date_updated: 2023-01-20T10:39:44Z
  file_id: '12324'
  file_name: 2022_LIPICs_Ahmadi.pdf
  file_size: 872534
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-20T10:39:44Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       250'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '665385'
  name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication: 42nd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and
  Theoretical Computer Science
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783959772617'
  issn:
  - 1868-8969
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Algorithms and hardness results for computing cores of Markov chains
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 250
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12170'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We present PET, a specialized and highly optimized framework for partial exploration
    on probabilistic systems. Over the last decade, several significant advances in
    the analysis of Markov decision processes employed partial exploration. In a nutshell,
    this idea allows to focus computation on specific parts of the system, guided
    by heuristics, while maintaining correctness. In particular, only relevant parts
    of the system are constructed on demand, which in turn potentially allows to omit
    constructing large parts of the system. Depending on the model, this leads to
    dramatic speed-ups, in extreme cases even up to an arbitrary factor. PET unifies
    several previous implementations and provides a flexible framework to easily implement
    partial exploration for many further problems. Our experimental evaluation shows
    significant improvements compared to the previous implementations while vastly
    reducing the overhead required to add support for additional properties.
acknowledgement: We thank Pranav Ashok and Maximilian Weininger for their contributions
  to spiritual predecessors of PET as well as motivating the initial development of
  this tool.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
citation:
  ama: 'Meggendorfer T. PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification.
    In: <i>20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and
    Analysis</i>. Vol 13505. Springer Nature; 2022:320-326. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20">10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20</a>'
  apa: 'Meggendorfer, T. (2022). PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic
    verification. In <i>20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification
    and Analysis</i> (Vol. 13505, pp. 320–326). Virtual: Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20</a>'
  chicago: Meggendorfer, Tobias. “PET – A Partial Exploration Tool for Probabilistic
    Verification.” In <i>20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for
    Verification and Analysis</i>, 13505:320–26. Springer Nature, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20</a>.
  ieee: T. Meggendorfer, “PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification,”
    in <i>20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and
    Analysis</i>, Virtual, 2022, vol. 13505, pp. 320–326.
  ista: 'Meggendorfer T. 2022. PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic
    verification. 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification
    and Analysis. ATVA: Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, LNCS,
    vol. 13505, 320–326.'
  mla: Meggendorfer, Tobias. “PET – A Partial Exploration Tool for Probabilistic Verification.”
    <i>20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis</i>,
    vol. 13505, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 320–26, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20">10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20</a>.
  short: T. Meggendorfer, in:, 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology
    for Verification and Analysis, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 320–326.
conference:
  end_date: 2022-10-28
  location: Virtual
  name: 'ATVA: Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis'
  start_date: 2022-10-25
date_created: 2023-01-12T12:11:07Z
date_published: 2022-10-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T15:11:51Z
day: '21'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_20
intvolume: '     13505'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 320-326
publication: 20th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification
  and Analysis
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - '9783031199929'
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783031199912'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: PET – A partial exploration tool for probabilistic verification
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 13505
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12568'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We treat the problem of risk-aware control for stochastic shortest path (SSP)
    on Markov decision processes (MDP). Typically, expectation is considered for SSP,
    which however is oblivious to the incurred risk. We present an alternative view,
    instead optimizing conditional value-at-risk (CVaR), an established risk measure.
    We treat both Markov chains as well as MDP and introduce, through novel insights,
    two algorithms, based on linear programming and value iteration, respectively.
    Both algorithms offer precise and provably correct solutions. Evaluation of our
    prototype implementation shows that risk-aware control is feasible on several
    moderately sized models.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
citation:
  ama: 'Meggendorfer T. Risk-aware stochastic shortest path. In: <i>Proceedings of
    the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022</i>. Vol 36. Association
    for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence; 2022:9858-9867. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222">10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222</a>'
  apa: 'Meggendorfer, T. (2022). Risk-aware stochastic shortest path. In <i>Proceedings
    of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022</i> (Vol. 36,
    pp. 9858–9867). Virtual: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222">https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222</a>'
  chicago: Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Risk-Aware Stochastic Shortest Path.” In <i>Proceedings
    of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022</i>, 36:9858–67.
    Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222">https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222</a>.
  ieee: T. Meggendorfer, “Risk-aware stochastic shortest path,” in <i>Proceedings
    of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022</i>, Virtual,
    2022, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 9858–9867.
  ista: Meggendorfer T. 2022. Risk-aware stochastic shortest path. Proceedings of
    the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022. Conference on
    Artificial Intelligence vol. 36, 9858–9867.
  mla: Meggendorfer, Tobias. “Risk-Aware Stochastic Shortest Path.” <i>Proceedings
    of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022</i>, vol. 36,
    no. 9, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2022, pp. 9858–67,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222">10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222</a>.
  short: T. Meggendorfer, in:, Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial
    Intelligence, AAAI 2022, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence,
    2022, pp. 9858–9867.
conference:
  end_date: 2022-03-01
  location: Virtual
  name: Conference on Artificial Intelligence
  start_date: 2022-02-22
date_created: 2023-02-19T23:00:56Z
date_published: 2022-06-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T07:19:12Z
day: '28'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21222
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2203.01640'
intvolume: '        36'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: ' https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.01640'
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 9858-9867
publication: Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
  2022
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2374-3468
  isbn:
  - '1577358767'
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Risk-aware stochastic shortest path
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 36
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12775'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We consider the problem of approximating the reachability probabilities in
    Markov decision processes (MDP) with uncountable (continuous) state and action
    spaces. While there are algorithms that, for special classes of such MDP, provide
    a sequence of approximations converging to the true value in the limit, our aim
    is to obtain an algorithm with guarantees on the precision of the approximation.\r\nAs
    this problem is undecidable in general, assumptions on the MDP are necessary.
    Our main contribution is to identify sufficient assumptions that are as weak as
    possible, thus approaching the \"boundary\" of which systems can be correctly
    and reliably analyzed. To this end, we also argue why each of our assumptions
    is necessary for algorithms based on processing finitely many observations.\r\nWe
    present two solution variants. The first one provides converging lower bounds
    under weaker assumptions than typical ones from previous works concerned with
    guarantees. The second one then utilizes stronger assumptions to additionally
    provide converging upper bounds. Altogether, we obtain an anytime algorithm, i.e.
    yielding a sequence of approximants with known and iteratively improving precision,
    converging to the true value in the limit. Besides, due to the generality of our
    assumptions, our algorithms are very general templates, readily allowing for various
    heuristics from literature in contrast to, e.g., a specific discretization algorithm.
    Our theoretical contribution thus paves the way for future practical improvements
    without sacrificing correctness guarantees."
acknowledgement: "Kush Grover: The author has been supported by the DFG research training
  group GRK\r\n2428 ConVeY.\r\nMaximilian Weininger: The author has been partially
  supported by DFG projects 383882557\r\nStatistical Unbounded Verification (SUV)
  and 427755713 Group-By Objectives in Probabilistic\r\nVerification (GOPro)"
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '11'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Kush
  full_name: Grover, Kush
  last_name: Grover
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Kretinsky, Jan
  id: 44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kretinsky
  orcid: 0000-0002-8122-2881
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Maimilian
  full_name: Weininger, Maimilian
  last_name: Weininger
citation:
  ama: 'Grover K, Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Weininger M. Anytime guarantees for
    reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes. In: <i>33rd International
    Conference on Concurrency Theory </i>. Vol 243. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
    für Informatik; 2022. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11">10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11</a>'
  apa: 'Grover, K., Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., &#38; Weininger, M. (2022). Anytime
    guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes. In <i>33rd
    International Conference on Concurrency Theory </i> (Vol. 243). Warsaw, Poland:
    Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11</a>'
  chicago: Grover, Kush, Jan Kretinsky, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Maimilian Weininger.
    “Anytime Guarantees for Reachability in Uncountable Markov Decision Processes.”
    In <i>33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory </i>, Vol. 243. Schloss
    Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11</a>.
  ieee: K. Grover, J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, and M. Weininger, “Anytime guarantees
    for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes,” in <i>33rd International
    Conference on Concurrency Theory </i>, Warsaw, Poland, 2022, vol. 243.
  ista: 'Grover K, Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Weininger M. 2022. Anytime guarantees
    for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes. 33rd International
    Conference on Concurrency Theory . CONCUR: Conference on Concurrency Theory, LIPIcs,
    vol. 243, 11.'
  mla: Grover, Kush, et al. “Anytime Guarantees for Reachability in Uncountable Markov
    Decision Processes.” <i>33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory </i>,
    vol. 243, 11, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11">10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11</a>.
  short: K. Grover, J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, M. Weininger, in:, 33rd International
    Conference on Concurrency Theory , Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
    2022.
conference:
  end_date: 2022-09-16
  location: Warsaw, Poland
  name: 'CONCUR: Conference on Concurrency Theory'
  start_date: 2022-09-13
date_created: 2023-03-28T08:09:32Z
date_published: 2022-09-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T10:43:30Z
day: '15'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.11
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2008.04824'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: e282e43d3ae0ba6e067b72f4583e13c0
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-09-26T10:43:15Z
  date_updated: 2023-09-26T10:43:15Z
  file_id: '14372'
  file_name: 2022_LIPIcS_Grover.pdf
  file_size: 960036
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-09-26T10:43:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       243'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: '33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory '
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1868-8969
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Anytime guarantees for reachability in uncountable Markov decision processes
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 243
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13160'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Transforming deterministic ω\r\n-automata into deterministic parity automata
    is traditionally done using variants of appearance records. We present a more
    efficient variant of this approach, tailored to Rabin automata, and several optimizations
    applicable to all appearance records. We compare the methods experimentally and
    find out that our method produces smaller automata than previous approaches. Moreover,
    the experiments demonstrate the potential of our method for LTL synthesis, using
    LTL-to-Rabin translators. It leads to significantly smaller parity automata when
    compared to state-of-the-art approaches on complex formulae."
acknowledgement: This work is partially funded by the DFG project “Verified Model
  Checkers” and by the Czech Science Foundation, grant No. P202/12/G061.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Kretinsky, Jan
  id: 44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kretinsky
  orcid: 0000-0002-8122-2881
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Clara
  full_name: Waldmann, Clara
  last_name: Waldmann
- first_name: Maximilian
  full_name: Weininger, Maximilian
  last_name: Weininger
citation:
  ama: 'Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Waldmann C, Weininger M. Index appearance record
    for transforming Rabin automata into parity automata. In: <i>Tools and Algorithms
    for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>. Vol 10205. Springer; 2017:443-460.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26">10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26</a>'
  apa: 'Kretinsky, J., Meggendorfer, T., Waldmann, C., &#38; Weininger, M. (2017).
    Index appearance record for transforming Rabin automata into parity automata.
    In <i>Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i> (Vol.
    10205, pp. 443–460). Uppsala, Sweden: Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26</a>'
  chicago: Kretinsky, Jan, Tobias Meggendorfer, Clara Waldmann, and Maximilian Weininger.
    “Index Appearance Record for Transforming Rabin Automata into Parity Automata.”
    In <i>Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>, 10205:443–60.
    Springer, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26</a>.
  ieee: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, C. Waldmann, and M. Weininger, “Index appearance
    record for transforming Rabin automata into parity automata,” in <i>Tools and
    Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems</i>, Uppsala, Sweden,
    2017, vol. 10205, pp. 443–460.
  ista: 'Kretinsky J, Meggendorfer T, Waldmann C, Weininger M. 2017. Index appearance
    record for transforming Rabin automata into parity automata. Tools and Algorithms
    for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. TACAS: Tools and Algorithms for
    the Construction and Analysis of Systems, LNCS, vol. 10205, 443–460.'
  mla: Kretinsky, Jan, et al. “Index Appearance Record for Transforming Rabin Automata
    into Parity Automata.” <i>Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis
    of Systems</i>, vol. 10205, Springer, 2017, pp. 443–60, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26">10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26</a>.
  short: J. Kretinsky, T. Meggendorfer, C. Waldmann, M. Weininger, in:, Tools and
    Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, Springer, 2017, pp. 443–460.
conference:
  end_date: 2017-04-29
  location: Uppsala, Sweden
  name: 'TACAS: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems'
  start_date: 2017-04-22
date_created: 2023-06-21T13:21:14Z
date_published: 2017-03-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-21T13:29:46Z
day: '31'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-54577-5_26
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1701.05738'
intvolume: '     10205'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1701.05738
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 443-460
publication: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - '9783662545775'
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783662545768'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Index appearance record for transforming Rabin automata into parity automata
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 10205
year: '2017'
...
