---
_id: '9241'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Volumetric light transport is a pervasive physical phenomenon, and therefore
    its accurate simulation is important for a broad array of disciplines. While suitable
    mathematical models for computing the transport are now available, obtaining the
    necessary material parameters needed to drive such simulations is a challenging
    task: direct measurements of these parameters from material samples are seldom
    possible. Building on the inverse scattering paradigm, we present a novel measurement
    approach which indirectly infers the transport parameters from extrinsic observations
    of multiple-scattered radiance. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in replacing
    structured illumination with a structured reflector bonded to the sample, and
    a robust fitting procedure that largely compensates for potential systematic errors
    in the calibration of the setup. We show the feasibility of our approach by validating
    simulations of complex 3D compositions of the measured materials against physical
    prints, using photo-polymer resins. As presented in this paper, our technique
    yields colorspace data suitable for accurate appearance reproduction in the area
    of 3D printing. Beyond that, and without fundamental changes to the basic measurement
    methodology, it could equally well be used to obtain spectral measurements that
    are useful for other application areas.'
acknowledgement: "H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (642841); European Research
  Council (715767); Grantová Agentura České Republiky (16-08111S, 16-18964S); Univerzita
  Karlova v Praze (SVV-2017-260452); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
  (EP/K023578/1).\r\nWe are grateful to Stratasys Ltd. for access to the voxel-level
  print interface of the J750\r\nmachine."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Oskar
  full_name: Elek, Oskar
  last_name: Elek
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
- first_name: Denis
  full_name: Sumin, Denis
  last_name: Sumin
- first_name: Karol
  full_name: Myszkowski, Karol
  last_name: Myszkowski
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Wilkie, Alexander
  last_name: Wilkie
- first_name: Jaroslav
  full_name: Křivánek, Jaroslav
  last_name: Křivánek
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Weyrich, Tim
  last_name: Weyrich
citation:
  ama: Elek O, Zhang R, Sumin D, et al. Robust and practical measurement of volume
    transport parameters in solid photo-polymer materials for 3D printing. <i>Optics
    Express</i>. 2021;29(5):7568-7588. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406095">10.1364/OE.406095</a>
  apa: Elek, O., Zhang, R., Sumin, D., Myszkowski, K., Bickel, B., Wilkie, A., … Weyrich,
    T. (2021). Robust and practical measurement of volume transport parameters in
    solid photo-polymer materials for 3D printing. <i>Optics Express</i>. The Optical
    Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406095">https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406095</a>
  chicago: Elek, Oskar, Ran Zhang, Denis Sumin, Karol Myszkowski, Bernd Bickel, Alexander
    Wilkie, Jaroslav Křivánek, and Tim Weyrich. “Robust and Practical Measurement
    of Volume Transport Parameters in Solid Photo-Polymer Materials for 3D Printing.”
    <i>Optics Express</i>. The Optical Society, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406095">https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406095</a>.
  ieee: O. Elek <i>et al.</i>, “Robust and practical measurement of volume transport
    parameters in solid photo-polymer materials for 3D printing,” <i>Optics Express</i>,
    vol. 29, no. 5. The Optical Society, pp. 7568–7588, 2021.
  ista: Elek O, Zhang R, Sumin D, Myszkowski K, Bickel B, Wilkie A, Křivánek J, Weyrich
    T. 2021. Robust and practical measurement of volume transport parameters in solid
    photo-polymer materials for 3D printing. Optics Express. 29(5), 7568–7588.
  mla: Elek, Oskar, et al. “Robust and Practical Measurement of Volume Transport Parameters
    in Solid Photo-Polymer Materials for 3D Printing.” <i>Optics Express</i>, vol.
    29, no. 5, The Optical Society, 2021, pp. 7568–88, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406095">10.1364/OE.406095</a>.
  short: O. Elek, R. Zhang, D. Sumin, K. Myszkowski, B. Bickel, A. Wilkie, J. Křivánek,
    T. Weyrich, Optics Express 29 (2021) 7568–7588.
date_created: 2021-03-14T23:01:33Z
date_published: 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-07T14:11:57Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1364/OE.406095
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000624968100103'
file:
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        29'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 7568-7588
project:
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
publication: Optics Express
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1094-4087
publication_status: published
publisher: The Optical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Robust and practical measurement of volume transport parameters in solid photo-polymer
  materials for 3D printing
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 29
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9376'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This paper presents a method for designing planar multistable compliant structures.
    Given a sequence of desired stable states and the corresponding poses of the structure,
    we identify the topology and geometric realization of a mechanism—consisting of
    bars and joints—that is able to physically reproduce the desired multistable behavior.
    In order to solve this problem efficiently, we build on insights from minimally
    rigid graph theory to identify simple but effective topologies for the mechanism.
    We then optimize its geometric parameters, such as joint positions and bar lengths,
    to obtain correct transitions between the given poses. Simultaneously, we ensure
    adequate stability of each pose based on an effective approximate error metric
    related to the elastic energy Hessian of the bars in the mechanism. As demonstrated
    by our results, we obtain functional multistable mechanisms of manageable complexity
    that can be fabricated using 3D printing. Further, we evaluated the effectiveness
    of our method on a large number of examples in the simulation and fabricated several
    physical prototypes.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: 'We would like to thank everyone who contributed to this paper, the
  authors of artworks for all the examples, including @macrovec-tor_official and Wikimedia
  for the FLAG semaphore, and @pikisuper-star for the FIGURINE. The photos of iconic
  poses in the teaser were supplied by (from left to right): Mike Hewitt/Olympics
  Day 8 - Athletics/Gettty Images, Oneinchpunch/Basketball player training on acourt
  in New york city/Shutterstock, and Andrew Redington/TigerWoods/Getty Images. We
  also want to express our gratitude to Christian Hafner for insightful discussions,
  the IST Austria machine shop SSU, all proof-readers, and anonymous reviewers. This
  project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
  innovation programme, under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 642841
  (DISTRO), and under the European Research Council grant agreement No 715767 (MATERIALIZABLE).'
article_number: '186'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Auzinger, Thomas
  id: 4718F954-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Auzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-1546-3265
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
citation:
  ama: Zhang R, Auzinger T, Bickel B. Computational design of planar multistable compliant
    structures. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. 2021;40(5). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3453477">10.1145/3453477</a>
  apa: Zhang, R., Auzinger, T., &#38; Bickel, B. (2021). Computational design of planar
    multistable compliant structures. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. Association
    for Computing Machinery. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3453477">https://doi.org/10.1145/3453477</a>
  chicago: Zhang, Ran, Thomas Auzinger, and Bernd Bickel. “Computational Design of
    Planar Multistable Compliant Structures.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>.
    Association for Computing Machinery, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3453477">https://doi.org/10.1145/3453477</a>.
  ieee: R. Zhang, T. Auzinger, and B. Bickel, “Computational design of planar multistable
    compliant structures,” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 40, no. 5. Association
    for Computing Machinery, 2021.
  ista: Zhang R, Auzinger T, Bickel B. 2021. Computational design of planar multistable
    compliant structures. ACM Transactions on Graphics. 40(5), 186.
  mla: Zhang, Ran, et al. “Computational Design of Planar Multistable Compliant Structures.”
    <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 40, no. 5, 186, Association for Computing
    Machinery, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3453477">10.1145/3453477</a>.
  short: R. Zhang, T. Auzinger, B. Bickel, ACM Transactions on Graphics 40 (2021).
date_created: 2021-05-08T17:37:08Z
date_published: 2021-10-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T13:31:38Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3453477
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000752079300003'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 8564b3118457d4c8939a8ef2b1a2f16c
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: bbickel
  date_created: 2021-05-08T17:36:59Z
  date_updated: 2021-05-08T17:36:59Z
  file_id: '9377'
  file_name: Multistable-authorversion.pdf
  file_size: 18926557
  relation: main_file
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  checksum: 3b6e874e30bfa1bfc3ad3498710145a1
  content_type: video/mp4
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  date_created: 2021-05-08T17:38:22Z
  date_updated: 2021-05-08T17:38:22Z
  file_id: '9378'
  file_name: multistable-video.mp4
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  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: bbickel
  date_created: 2021-12-17T08:13:51Z
  date_updated: 2021-12-17T08:13:51Z
  description: This document provides additional results and analyzes the robustness
    and limitations of our approach.
  file_id: '10562'
  file_name: multistable-supplementary material.pdf
  file_size: 3367072
  relation: supplementary_material
  title: Supplementary Material for “Computational Design of Planar Multistable Compliant
    Structures”
file_date_updated: 2021-12-17T08:13:51Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        40'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
keyword:
- multistability
- mechanism
- computational design
- rigidity
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
publication: ACM Transactions on Graphics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1557-7368
  issn:
  - 0730-0301
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Computational design of planar multistable compliant structures
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 40
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '8386'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Form versus function is a long-standing debate in various design-related
    fields, such as architecture as well as graphic and industrial design. A good
    design that balances form and function often requires considerable human effort
    and collaboration among experts from different professional fields. Computational
    design tools provide a new paradigm for designing functional objects. In computational
    design, form and function are represented as mathematical\r\nquantities, with
    the help of numerical and combinatorial algorithms, they can assist even novice
    users in designing versatile models that exhibit their desired functionality.
    This thesis presents three disparate research studies on the computational design
    of functional objects: The appearance of 3d print—we optimize the volumetric material
    distribution for faithfully replicating colored surface texture in 3d printing;
    the dynamic motion of mechanical structures—\r\nour design system helps the novice
    user to retarget various mechanical templates with different functionality to
    complex 3d shapes; and a more abstract functionality, multistability—our algorithm
    automatically generates models that exhibit multiple stable target poses. For
    each of these cases, our computational design tools not only ensure the functionality
    of the results but also permit the user aesthetic freedom over the form. Moreover,
    fabrication constraints\r\nwere taken into account, which allow for the immediate
    creation of physical realization via 3D printing or laser cutting."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
acknowledgement: The research in this thesis has received funding from the European
  Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie
  grant agreement No 642841 (DISTRO) and the European Research Council grant agreement
  No 715767 (MATERIALIZABLE). All the research projects in this thesis were also supported
  by Scientific Service Units (SSUs) at IST Austria.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
citation:
  ama: Zhang R. Structure-aware computational design and its application to 3D printable
    volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability. 2020. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386">10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386</a>
  apa: Zhang, R. (2020). <i>Structure-aware computational design and its application
    to 3D printable volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability</i>. Institute
    of Science and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386</a>
  chicago: Zhang, Ran. “Structure-Aware Computational Design and Its Application to
    3D Printable Volume Scattering, Mechanism, and Multistability.” Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386</a>.
  ieee: R. Zhang, “Structure-aware computational design and its application to 3D
    printable volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability,” Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2020.
  ista: Zhang R. 2020. Structure-aware computational design and its application to
    3D printable volume scattering, mechanism, and multistability. Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria.
  mla: Zhang, Ran. <i>Structure-Aware Computational Design and Its Application to
    3D Printable Volume Scattering, Mechanism, and Multistability</i>. Institute of
    Science and Technology Austria, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386">10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386</a>.
  short: R. Zhang, Structure-Aware Computational Design and Its Application to 3D
    Printable Volume Scattering, Mechanism, and Multistability, Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2020.
date_created: 2020-09-14T01:04:53Z
date_published: 2020-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:49:31Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '003'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8386
ec_funded: 1
file:
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  date_updated: 2020-09-14T12:18:43Z
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  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: rzhang
  date_created: 2020-09-15T12:51:53Z
  date_updated: 2020-09-15T12:51:53Z
  file_id: '8396'
  file_name: PhD_thesis_Ran Zhang_20200915.pdf
  file_size: 161385316
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-09-15T12:51:53Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '148'
project:
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '486'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
  - id: '1002'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
title: Structure-aware computational design and its application to 3D printable volume
  scattering, mechanism, and multistability
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '12'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Molding is a popular mass production method, in which the initial expenses
    for the mold are offset by the low per-unit production cost. However, the physical
    fabrication constraints of the molding technique commonly restrict the shape of
    moldable objects. For a complex shape, a decomposition of the object into moldable
    parts is a common strategy to address these constraints, with plastic model kits
    being a popular and illustrative example. However, conducting such a decomposition
    requires considerable expertise, and it depends on the technical aspects of the
    fabrication technique, as well as aesthetic considerations. We present an interactive
    technique to create such decompositions for two-piece molding, in which each part
    of the object is cast between two rigid mold pieces. Given the surface description
    of an object, we decompose its thin-shell equivalent into moldable parts by first
    performing a coarse decomposition and then utilizing an active contour model for
    the boundaries between individual parts. Formulated as an optimization problem,
    the movement of the contours is guided by an energy reflecting fabrication constraints
    to ensure the moldability of each part. Simultaneously, the user is provided with
    editing capabilities to enforce aesthetic guidelines. Our interactive interface
    provides control of the contour positions by allowing, for example, the alignment
    of part boundaries with object features. Our technique enables a novel workflow,
    as it empowers novice users to explore the design space, and it generates fabrication-ready
    two-piece molds that can be used either for casting or industrial injection molding
    of free-form objects.
article_number: '135'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Kazutaka
  full_name: Nakashima, Kazutaka
  last_name: Nakashima
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Auzinger, Thomas
  id: 4718F954-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Auzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-1546-3265
- first_name: Emmanuel
  full_name: Iarussi, Emmanuel
  id: 33F19F16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Iarussi
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
- first_name: Takeo
  full_name: Igarashi, Takeo
  last_name: Igarashi
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
citation:
  ama: 'Nakashima K, Auzinger T, Iarussi E, Zhang R, Igarashi T, Bickel B. CoreCavity:
    Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece rigid molds. <i>ACM
    Transaction on Graphics</i>. 2018;37(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>'
  apa: 'Nakashima, K., Auzinger, T., Iarussi, E., Zhang, R., Igarashi, T., &#38; Bickel,
    B. (2018). CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece
    rigid molds. <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>. ACM. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>'
  chicago: 'Nakashima, Kazutaka, Thomas Auzinger, Emmanuel Iarussi, Ran Zhang, Takeo
    Igarashi, and Bernd Bickel. “CoreCavity: Interactive Shell Decomposition for Fabrication
    with Two-Piece Rigid Molds.” <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>. ACM, 2018. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Nakashima, T. Auzinger, E. Iarussi, R. Zhang, T. Igarashi, and B. Bickel,
    “CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece rigid
    molds,” <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>, vol. 37, no. 4. ACM, 2018.'
  ista: 'Nakashima K, Auzinger T, Iarussi E, Zhang R, Igarashi T, Bickel B. 2018.
    CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece rigid
    molds. ACM Transaction on Graphics. 37(4), 135.'
  mla: 'Nakashima, Kazutaka, et al. “CoreCavity: Interactive Shell Decomposition for
    Fabrication with Two-Piece Rigid Molds.” <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>, vol.
    37, no. 4, 135, ACM, 2018, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>.'
  short: K. Nakashima, T. Auzinger, E. Iarussi, R. Zhang, T. Igarashi, B. Bickel,
    ACM Transaction on Graphics 37 (2018).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:09Z
date_published: 2018-08-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T12:48:09Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '004'
- '516'
- '670'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3197517.3201341
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language:
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month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
publication: ACM Transaction on Graphics
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
publist_id: '8044'
pubrep_id: '1037'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/interactive-software-tool-makes-complex-mold-design-simple/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece
  rigid molds'
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 37
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '486'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Color texture reproduction in 3D printing commonly ignores volumetric light
    transport (cross-talk) between surface points on a 3D print. Such light diffusion
    leads to significant blur of details and color bleeding, and is particularly severe
    for highly translucent resin-based print materials. Given their widely varying
    scattering properties, this cross-talk between surface points strongly depends
    on the internal structure of the volume surrounding each surface point. Existing
    scattering-aware methods use simplified models for light diffusion, and often
    accept the visual blur as an immutable property of the print medium. In contrast,
    our work counteracts heterogeneous scattering to obtain the impression of a crisp
    albedo texture on top of the 3D print, by optimizing for a fully volumetric material
    distribution that preserves the target appearance. Our method employs an efficient
    numerical optimizer on top of a general Monte-Carlo simulation of heterogeneous
    scattering, supported by a practical calibration procedure to obtain scattering
    parameters from a given set of printer materials. Despite the inherent translucency
    of the medium, we reproduce detailed surface textures on 3D prints. We evaluate
    our system using a commercial, five-tone 3D print process and compare against
    the printer’s native color texturing mode, demonstrating that our method preserves
    high-frequency features well without having to compromise on color gamut.
article_number: '241'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Oskar
  full_name: Elek, Oskar
  last_name: Elek
- first_name: Denis
  full_name: Sumin, Denis
  last_name: Sumin
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Weyrich, Tim
  last_name: Weyrich
- first_name: Karol
  full_name: Myszkowski, Karol
  last_name: Myszkowski
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Wilkie, Alexander
  last_name: Wilkie
- first_name: Jaroslav
  full_name: Krivanek, Jaroslav
  last_name: Krivanek
citation:
  ama: Elek O, Sumin D, Zhang R, et al. Scattering-aware texture reproduction for
    3D printing. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. 2017;36(6). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130890">10.1145/3130800.3130890</a>
  apa: Elek, O., Sumin, D., Zhang, R., Weyrich, T., Myszkowski, K., Bickel, B., …
    Krivanek, J. (2017). Scattering-aware texture reproduction for 3D printing. <i>ACM
    Transactions on Graphics</i>. ACM. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130890">https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130890</a>
  chicago: Elek, Oskar, Denis Sumin, Ran Zhang, Tim Weyrich, Karol Myszkowski, Bernd
    Bickel, Alexander Wilkie, and Jaroslav Krivanek. “Scattering-Aware Texture Reproduction
    for 3D Printing.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. ACM, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130890">https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130890</a>.
  ieee: O. Elek <i>et al.</i>, “Scattering-aware texture reproduction for 3D printing,”
    <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 36, no. 6. ACM, 2017.
  ista: Elek O, Sumin D, Zhang R, Weyrich T, Myszkowski K, Bickel B, Wilkie A, Krivanek
    J. 2017. Scattering-aware texture reproduction for 3D printing. ACM Transactions
    on Graphics. 36(6), 241.
  mla: Elek, Oskar, et al. “Scattering-Aware Texture Reproduction for 3D Printing.”
    <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 36, no. 6, 241, ACM, 2017, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3130800.3130890">10.1145/3130800.3130890</a>.
  short: O. Elek, D. Sumin, R. Zhang, T. Weyrich, K. Myszkowski, B. Bickel, A. Wilkie,
    J. Krivanek, ACM Transactions on Graphics 36 (2017).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:44Z
date_published: 2017-11-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:11:15Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '003'
- '000'
- '005'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3130800.3130890
ec_funded: 1
file:
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  date_created: 2019-12-16T14:48:57Z
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intvolume: '        36'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '291734'
  name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
publication: ACM Transactions on Graphics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - '07300301'
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
publist_id: '7334'
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quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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  - id: '8386'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Scattering-aware texture reproduction for 3D printing
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 36
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '1002'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "  We present an interactive design system to create functional mechanical
    \ objects. Our computational approach allows novice users to retarget an  existing
    mechanical template to a user-specified input shape. Our proposed  representation
    for a mechanical template encodes a parameterized mechanism,  mechanical constraints
    that ensure a physically valid configuration, spatial relationships of mechanical
    parts to the user-provided shape, and functional constraints that specify an intended
    functionality. We provide an intuitive interface and optimization-in-the-loop
    approach for finding a valid  configuration of the mechanism and the shape to
    ensure that higher-level  functional goals are met. Our algorithm interactively
    optimizes the mechanism  while the user manipulates the placement of mechanical
    components and the shape. Our system allows users to efficiently explore various
    design choices and to synthesize customized mechanical objects that can be fabricated
    with rapid prototyping technologies. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach
    by retargeting various mechanical templates to different shapes and fabricating
    the resulting functional mechanical objects.\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ACM Transactions on Graphics
article_number: '81'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Auzinger, Thomas
  id: 4718F954-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Auzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-1546-3265
- first_name: Duygu
  full_name: Ceylan, Duygu
  last_name: Ceylan
- first_name: Wilmot
  full_name: Li, Wilmot
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
citation:
  ama: 'Zhang R, Auzinger T, Ceylan D, Li W, Bickel B. Functionality-aware retargeting
    of mechanisms to 3D shapes. In: Vol 36. ACM; 2017. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073710">10.1145/3072959.3073710</a>'
  apa: 'Zhang, R., Auzinger, T., Ceylan, D., Li, W., &#38; Bickel, B. (2017). Functionality-aware
    retargeting of mechanisms to 3D shapes (Vol. 36). Presented at the SIGGRAPH: Computer
    Graphics and Interactive Techniques, Los Angeles, CA, United States : ACM. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073710">https://doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073710</a>'
  chicago: Zhang, Ran, Thomas Auzinger, Duygu Ceylan, Wilmot Li, and Bernd Bickel.
    “Functionality-Aware Retargeting of Mechanisms to 3D Shapes,” Vol. 36. ACM, 2017.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073710">https://doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073710</a>.
  ieee: 'R. Zhang, T. Auzinger, D. Ceylan, W. Li, and B. Bickel, “Functionality-aware
    retargeting of mechanisms to 3D shapes,” presented at the SIGGRAPH: Computer Graphics
    and Interactive Techniques, Los Angeles, CA, United States , 2017, vol. 36, no.
    4.'
  ista: 'Zhang R, Auzinger T, Ceylan D, Li W, Bickel B. 2017. Functionality-aware
    retargeting of mechanisms to 3D shapes. SIGGRAPH: Computer Graphics and Interactive
    Techniques, ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 36, 81.'
  mla: Zhang, Ran, et al. <i>Functionality-Aware Retargeting of Mechanisms to 3D Shapes</i>.
    Vol. 36, no. 4, 81, ACM, 2017, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3072959.3073710">10.1145/3072959.3073710</a>.
  short: R. Zhang, T. Auzinger, D. Ceylan, W. Li, B. Bickel, in:, ACM, 2017.
conference:
  end_date: 2017-08-03
  location: 'Los Angeles, CA, United States '
  name: 'SIGGRAPH: Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques'
  start_date: 2017-07-30
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:38Z
date_published: 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-22T09:49:31Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '003'
- '004'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3072959.3073710
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
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  - '000406432100049'
file:
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  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:09:05Z
  date_updated: 2018-12-12T10:09:05Z
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        36'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - '07300301'
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
publist_id: '6396'
pubrep_id: '1050'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Functionality-aware retargeting of mechanisms to 3D shapes
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 36
year: '2017'
...
