[{"author":[{"id":"4D883232-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Bartalska","first_name":"Katarina","full_name":"Bartalska, Katarina"},{"full_name":"Hübschmann, Verena","first_name":"Verena","last_name":"Hübschmann","id":"32B7C918-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Korkut, Medina","first_name":"Medina","orcid":"0000-0003-4309-2251","id":"4B51CE74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Korkut"},{"full_name":"Cubero, Ryan J","first_name":"Ryan J","id":"850B2E12-9CD4-11E9-837F-E719E6697425","last_name":"Cubero","orcid":"0000-0003-0002-1867"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2356-9403","id":"41CB84B2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Venturino","full_name":"Venturino, Alessandro","first_name":"Alessandro"},{"last_name":"Rössler","first_name":"Karl","full_name":"Rössler, Karl"},{"last_name":"Czech","full_name":"Czech, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas"},{"first_name":"Sandra","full_name":"Siegert, Sandra","last_name":"Siegert","id":"36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8635-0877"}],"_id":"11478","oa":1,"date_published":"2022-07-15T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2022","publisher":"Elsevier","type":"journal_article","month":"07","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2589-0042"]},"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"article_type":"original","volume":25,"article_number":"104580","date_created":"2022-07-03T22:01:33Z","acknowledgement":"We thank the scientific service units at ISTA, specifically the lab support facility and imaging & optics facility for their support; Nicolas Armel for performing the Mass Spectrometry. We thank Alexandra Lang and Tanja Peilnsteiner for their help in human brain tissue collection, Rouven Schulz for his insights into the functional assays We thank all members of the Siegert group for constant feedback on the project and Margaret Maes, Rouven Schulz, and Marco Benevento for feedback on the manuscript. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant No. 715571 to S.S.) and from the Gesellschaft für Forschungsförderung Niederösterreich (grant No. Sc19-017 to V.H.).","department":[{"_id":"SaSi"}],"file_date_updated":"2022-07-04T08:19:25Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","ddc":["610"],"user_id":"3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":"        25","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"day":"15","oa_version":"Published Version","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Cerebral organoids differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) provide a unique opportunity to investigate brain development. However, organoids usually lack microglia, brain-resident immune cells, which are present in the early embryonic brain and participate in neuronal circuit development. Here, we find IBA1+ microglia-like cells alongside retinal cups between week 3 and 4 in 2.5D culture with an unguided retinal organoid differentiation protocol. Microglia do not infiltrate the neuroectoderm and instead enrich within non-pigmented, 3D-cystic compartments that develop in parallel to the 3D-retinal organoids. When we guide the retinal organoid differentiation with low-dosed BMP4, we prevent cup development and enhance microglia and 3D-cysts formation. Mass spectrometry identifies these 3D-cysts to express mesenchymal and epithelial markers. We confirmed this microglia-preferred environment also within the unguided protocol, providing insight into microglial behavior and migration and offer a model to study how they enter and distribute within the human brain."}],"ec_funded":1,"date_updated":"2023-11-02T12:21:33Z","status":"public","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"publication":"iScience","title":"A systematic characterization of microglia-like cell occurrence during retinal organoid differentiation","file":[{"success":1,"date_updated":"2022-07-04T08:19:25Z","file_id":"11480","checksum":"a470b74e1b3796c710189c81a4cd4329","date_created":"2022-07-04T08:19:25Z","file_size":19400048,"file_name":"2022_iScience_Bartalska.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","creator":"cchlebak"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"12117","relation":"other"}]},"external_id":{"isi":["000830428500005"]},"citation":{"chicago":"Bartalska, Katarina, Verena Hübschmann, Medina Korkut, Ryan J Cubero, Alessandro Venturino, Karl Rössler, Thomas Czech, and Sandra Siegert. “A Systematic Characterization of Microglia-like Cell Occurrence during Retinal Organoid Differentiation.” <i>IScience</i>. Elsevier, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580</a>.","ieee":"K. Bartalska <i>et al.</i>, “A systematic characterization of microglia-like cell occurrence during retinal organoid differentiation,” <i>iScience</i>, vol. 25, no. 7. Elsevier, 2022.","mla":"Bartalska, Katarina, et al. “A Systematic Characterization of Microglia-like Cell Occurrence during Retinal Organoid Differentiation.” <i>IScience</i>, vol. 25, no. 7, 104580, Elsevier, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580\">10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580</a>.","apa":"Bartalska, K., Hübschmann, V., Korkut, M., Cubero, R. J., Venturino, A., Rössler, K., … Siegert, S. (2022). A systematic characterization of microglia-like cell occurrence during retinal organoid differentiation. <i>IScience</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580</a>","short":"K. Bartalska, V. Hübschmann, M. Korkut, R.J. Cubero, A. Venturino, K. Rössler, T. Czech, S. Siegert, IScience 25 (2022).","ista":"Bartalska K, Hübschmann V, Korkut M, Cubero RJ, Venturino A, Rössler K, Czech T, Siegert S. 2022. A systematic characterization of microglia-like cell occurrence during retinal organoid differentiation. iScience. 25(7), 104580.","ama":"Bartalska K, Hübschmann V, Korkut M, et al. A systematic characterization of microglia-like cell occurrence during retinal organoid differentiation. <i>iScience</i>. 2022;25(7). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580\">10.1016/j.isci.2022.104580</a>"},"project":[{"_id":"25D4A630-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Microglia action towards neuronal circuit formation and function in health and disease","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"715571"},{"name":"IST Austria Open Access Fund","_id":"B67AFEDC-15C9-11EA-A837-991A96BB2854"},{"grant_number":"SC19-017","_id":"9B99D380-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"How human microglia shape developing neurons during health and inflammation"}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"7","has_accepted_license":"1"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","citation":{"mla":"Schulz, Rouven, et al. “Chimeric GPCRs Mimic Distinct Signaling Pathways and Modulate Microglia Responses.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 13, 4728, Springer Nature, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1\">10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1</a>.","short":"R. Schulz, M. Korkut, A. Venturino, G. Colombo, S. Siegert, Nature Communications 13 (2022).","apa":"Schulz, R., Korkut, M., Venturino, A., Colombo, G., &#38; Siegert, S. (2022). Chimeric GPCRs mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia responses. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1</a>","ista":"Schulz R, Korkut M, Venturino A, Colombo G, Siegert S. 2022. Chimeric GPCRs mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia responses. Nature Communications. 13, 4728.","ama":"Schulz R, Korkut M, Venturino A, Colombo G, Siegert S. Chimeric GPCRs mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia responses. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2022;13. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1\">10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1</a>","chicago":"Schulz, Rouven, Medina Korkut, Alessandro Venturino, Gloria Colombo, and Sandra Siegert. “Chimeric GPCRs Mimic Distinct Signaling Pathways and Modulate Microglia Responses.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1</a>.","ieee":"R. Schulz, M. Korkut, A. Venturino, G. Colombo, and S. Siegert, “Chimeric GPCRs mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia responses,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 13. Springer Nature, 2022."},"project":[{"name":"Modulating microglia through G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling","_id":"267F75D8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"title":"Chimeric GPCRs mimic distinct signaling pathways and modulate microglia responses","file":[{"date_updated":"2022-08-29T06:44:30Z","success":1,"date_created":"2022-08-29T06:44:30Z","checksum":"191d9db0266e14a28d3a56dc7f65da84","file_id":"12002","file_size":7317396,"file_name":"2022_NatComm_Schulz.pdf","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"cchlebak"}],"related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"press_release","description":"News on ISTA website","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/dreaddful-mimicry/"}],"record":[{"status":"public","id":"11945","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"11542"}]},"external_id":{"pmid":["35970889"],"isi":["000840984400032"]},"publication":"Nature Communications","status":"public","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"PreCl"},{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"date_updated":"2024-02-21T12:34:51Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate processes ranging from immune responses to neuronal signaling. However, ligands for many GPCRs remain unknown, suffer from off-target effects or have poor bioavailability. Additionally, dissecting cell type-specific responses is challenging when the same GPCR is expressed on different cells within a tissue. Here, we overcome these limitations by engineering DREADD-based GPCR chimeras that bind clozapine-N-oxide and mimic a GPCR-of-interest. We show that chimeric DREADD-β2AR triggers responses comparable to β2AR on second messenger and kinase activity, post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions. Moreover, we successfully recapitulate β2AR-mediated filopodia formation in microglia, an immune cell capable of driving central nervous system inflammation. When dissecting microglial inflammation, we included two additional DREADD-based chimeras mimicking microglia-enriched GPR65 and GPR109A. DREADD-β2AR and DREADD-GPR65 modulate the inflammatory response with high similarity to endogenous β2AR, while DREADD-GPR109A shows no impact. Our DREADD-based approach allows investigation of cell type-dependent pathways without known endogenous ligands."}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"day":"15","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","intvolume":"        13","file_date_updated":"2022-08-29T06:44:30Z","article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","ddc":["570"],"acknowledgement":"The authors thank the Scientific Service Units at ISTA, in particular the Molecular Biology Service of the Lab Support Facility, Imaging & Optics Facility, and the Preclinical Facility, and the Novarino group, Harald Janoviak, and Marco Benevento for sharing reagents and expertise. This research was supported by a DOC Fellowship (24979) awarded to R.S. by the Austrian Academy of Sciences.","department":[{"_id":"SaSi"}],"pmid":1,"date_created":"2022-08-28T22:01:59Z","article_number":"4728","article_type":"original","volume":13,"isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"quality_controlled":"1","month":"08","type":"journal_article","year":"2022","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-022-32390-1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2022-08-15T00:00:00Z","_id":"11995","oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Rouven","full_name":"Schulz, Rouven","last_name":"Schulz","id":"4C5E7B96-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5297-733X"},{"full_name":"Korkut, Medina","first_name":"Medina","id":"4B51CE74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Korkut","orcid":"0000-0003-4309-2251"},{"full_name":"Venturino, Alessandro","first_name":"Alessandro","orcid":"0000-0003-2356-9403","last_name":"Venturino","id":"41CB84B2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-9434-8902","id":"3483CF6C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Colombo","full_name":"Colombo, Gloria","first_name":"Gloria"},{"id":"36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Siegert","orcid":"0000-0001-8635-0877","full_name":"Siegert, Sandra","first_name":"Sandra"}]},{"type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2022","publisher":"Elsevier","date_published":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","author":[{"first_name":"Verena","full_name":"Hübschmann, Verena","last_name":"Hübschmann","id":"32B7C918-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-4309-2251","last_name":"Korkut","id":"4B51CE74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Korkut, Medina","first_name":"Medina"},{"id":"36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Siegert","orcid":"0000-0001-8635-0877","first_name":"Sandra","full_name":"Siegert, Sandra"}],"_id":"12117","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2023-01-23T09:50:51Z","ddc":["570"],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":"         3","keyword":["General Immunology and Microbiology","General Biochemistry","Genetics and Molecular Biology","General Neuroscience"],"date_created":"2023-01-12T11:56:38Z","article_number":"101866","acknowledgement":"This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant No. 715571 to S.S.) and from the Gesellschaft für Forschungsförderung Niederösterreich (grant No. Sc19-017 to V.H.). We thank Rouven Schulz and Alessandro Venturino for their insights into functional assays and data analysis, Verena Seiboth for insights into necessary institutional permission, and ISTA imaging & optics facility (IOF) especially Bernhard Hochreiter for their support.","department":[{"_id":"SaSi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"article_type":"letter_note","volume":3,"month":"12","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2666-1667"]},"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"}],"date_updated":"2023-11-02T12:21:32Z","day":"16","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"To understand how potential gene manipulations affect in vitro microglia, we provide a set of short protocols to evaluate microglia identity and function. We detail steps for immunostaining to determine microglia identity. We describe three functional assays for microglia: phagocytosis, calcium response following ATP stimulation, and cytokine expression upon inflammatory stimuli. We apply these protocols to human induced-pluripotent-stem-cell (hiPSC)-derived microglia, but they can be also applied to other in vitro microglial models including primary mouse microglia.\r\nFor complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Bartalska et al. (2022).1","lang":"eng"}],"ec_funded":1,"scopus_import":"1","issue":"4","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Hübschmann, Verena, Medina Korkut, and Sandra Siegert. “Assessing Human IPSC-Derived Microglia Identity and Function by Immunostaining, Phagocytosis, Calcium Activity, and Inflammation Assay.” <i>STAR Protocols</i>. Elsevier, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866</a>.","ieee":"V. Hübschmann, M. Korkut, and S. Siegert, “Assessing human iPSC-derived microglia identity and function by immunostaining, phagocytosis, calcium activity, and inflammation assay,” <i>STAR Protocols</i>, vol. 3, no. 4. Elsevier, 2022.","short":"V. Hübschmann, M. Korkut, S. Siegert, STAR Protocols 3 (2022).","apa":"Hübschmann, V., Korkut, M., &#38; Siegert, S. (2022). Assessing human iPSC-derived microglia identity and function by immunostaining, phagocytosis, calcium activity, and inflammation assay. <i>STAR Protocols</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866</a>","ista":"Hübschmann V, Korkut M, Siegert S. 2022. Assessing human iPSC-derived microglia identity and function by immunostaining, phagocytosis, calcium activity, and inflammation assay. STAR Protocols. 3(4), 101866.","mla":"Hübschmann, Verena, et al. “Assessing Human IPSC-Derived Microglia Identity and Function by Immunostaining, Phagocytosis, Calcium Activity, and Inflammation Assay.” <i>STAR Protocols</i>, vol. 3, no. 4, 101866, Elsevier, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866\">10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866</a>.","ama":"Hübschmann V, Korkut M, Siegert S. Assessing human iPSC-derived microglia identity and function by immunostaining, phagocytosis, calcium activity, and inflammation assay. <i>STAR Protocols</i>. 2022;3(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866\">10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101866</a>"},"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"715571","name":"Microglia action towards neuronal circuit formation and function in health and disease","_id":"25D4A630-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"grant_number":"SC19-017","name":"How human microglia shape developing neurons during health and inflammation","_id":"9B99D380-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"}],"publication":"STAR Protocols","title":"Assessing human iPSC-derived microglia identity and function by immunostaining, phagocytosis, calcium activity, and inflammation assay","file":[{"file_name":"2022_STARProtocols_Huebschmann.pdf","file_size":6251945,"checksum":"3c71b8a60633d42c2f77c49025d5559b","date_created":"2023-01-23T09:50:51Z","file_id":"12340","success":1,"date_updated":"2023-01-23T09:50:51Z","creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"11478","status":"public","relation":"other"}]}}]