[{"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"day":"16","abstract":[{"text":"Hosts can carry many viruses in their bodies, but not all of them cause disease. We studied ants as a social host to determine both their overall viral repertoire and the subset of actively infecting viruses across natural populations of three subfamilies: the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile, Dolichoderinae), the invasive garden ant (Lasius neglectus, Formicinae) and the red ant (Myrmica rubra, Myrmicinae). We used a dual sequencing strategy to reconstruct complete virus genomes by RNA-seq and to simultaneously determine the small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq), which constitute the host antiviral RNAi immune response. This approach led to the discovery of 41 novel viruses in ants and revealed a host ant-specific RNAi response (21 vs. 22 nt siRNAs) in the different ant species. The efficiency of the RNAi response (sRNA/RNA read count ratio) depended on the virus and the respective ant species, but not its population. Overall, we found the highest virus abundance and diversity per population in Li. humile, followed by La. neglectus and M. rubra. Argentine ants also shared a high proportion of viruses between populations, whilst overlap was nearly absent in M. rubra. Only one of the 59 viruses was found to infect two of the ant species as hosts, revealing high host-specificity in active infections. In contrast, six viruses actively infected one ant species, but were found as contaminants only in the others. Disentangling spillover of disease-causing infection from non-infecting contamination across species is providing relevant information for disease ecology and ecosystem management.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2023-08-01T12:39:58Z","publication":"Frontiers in Microbiology","external_id":{"isi":["000961542100001"],"pmid":["PPR559293 "]},"file":[{"creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2023_FrontMicrobiology_Viljakainen.pdf","file_size":4866332,"file_id":"12843","checksum":"cd52292963acce1111634d9fac08c699","date_created":"2023-04-17T07:49:09Z","date_updated":"2023-04-17T07:49:09Z","success":1}],"title":"Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","project":[{"name":"Viral pathogens and social immunity in ants","_id":"25DF61D8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"M02076","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"citation":{"apa":"Viljakainen, L., Fürst, M., Grasse, A. V., Jurvansuu, J., Oh, J., Tolonen, L., … Cremer, S. (2023). Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. Frontiers. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002</a>","ista":"Viljakainen L, Fürst M, Grasse AV, Jurvansuu J, Oh J, Tolonen L, Eder T, Rattei T, Cremer S. 2023. Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations. Frontiers in Microbiology. 14, 1119002.","short":"L. Viljakainen, M. Fürst, A.V. Grasse, J. Jurvansuu, J. Oh, L. Tolonen, T. Eder, T. Rattei, S. Cremer, Frontiers in Microbiology 14 (2023).","mla":"Viljakainen, Lumi, et al. “Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Host-Specific Virus Infections in Natural Ant Populations.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 14, 1119002, Frontiers, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002\">10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002</a>.","ama":"Viljakainen L, Fürst M, Grasse AV, et al. Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. 2023;14. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002\">10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002</a>","chicago":"Viljakainen, Lumi, Matthias Fürst, Anna V Grasse, Jaana Jurvansuu, Jinook Oh, Lassi Tolonen, Thomas Eder, Thomas Rattei, and Sylvia Cremer. “Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Host-Specific Virus Infections in Natural Ant Populations.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. Frontiers, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002</a>.","ieee":"L. Viljakainen <i>et al.</i>, “Antiviral immune response reveals host-specific virus infections in natural ant populations,” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 14. Frontiers, 2023."},"date_published":"2023-03-16T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Viljakainen, Lumi","first_name":"Lumi","last_name":"Viljakainen"},{"full_name":"Fürst, Matthias","first_name":"Matthias","orcid":"0000-0002-3712-925X","last_name":"Fürst","id":"393B1196-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Grasse","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Anna V","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V"},{"full_name":"Jurvansuu, Jaana","first_name":"Jaana","last_name":"Jurvansuu"},{"first_name":"Jinook","full_name":"Oh, Jinook","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","last_name":"Oh"},{"last_name":"Tolonen","first_name":"Lassi","full_name":"Tolonen, Lassi"},{"last_name":"Eder","full_name":"Eder, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas"},{"first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Rattei, Thomas","last_name":"Rattei"},{"full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"oa":1,"_id":"12469","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119002","publisher":"Frontiers","year":"2023","isi":1,"article_type":"original","volume":14,"month":"03","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1664-302X"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","ddc":["570"],"file_date_updated":"2023-04-17T07:49:09Z","intvolume":"        14","article_number":"1119002","date_created":"2023-01-31T08:13:40Z","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank D.J. Obbard for sharing the details of the dual RNA-seq/sRNA-seq approach, S.\r\nMetzler and R. Ferrigato for the photographs (Figure 1), M. Konrad, B. Casillas-Perez, C.D.\r\nPull and X. Espadaler for help with ant collection, and the Social Immunity Team at IST\r\nAustria, in particular J. Robb, A. Franschitz, E. Naderlinger, E. Dawson and B. Casillas-Perez\r\nfor support and comments on the manuscript. The study was funded by the Austrian Science\r\nFund (FWF; M02076-B25 to MAF) and the Academy of Finland (343022 to LV). ","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}]},{"citation":{"mla":"Wagner, Bernhard, et al. “A Comparison between Common Marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus) and Human Infants Sheds Light on Traits Proposed to Be at the Root of Human Octave Equivalence.” <i>Developmental Science</i>, vol. 26, no. 5, e13395, Wiley, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395\">10.1111/desc.13395</a>.","short":"B. Wagner, V. Šlipogor, J. Oh, M. Varga, M. Hoeschele, Developmental Science 26 (2023).","ista":"Wagner B, Šlipogor V, Oh J, Varga M, Hoeschele M. 2023. A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence. Developmental Science. 26(5), e13395.","apa":"Wagner, B., Šlipogor, V., Oh, J., Varga, M., &#38; Hoeschele, M. (2023). A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence. <i>Developmental Science</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395\">https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395</a>","ama":"Wagner B, Šlipogor V, Oh J, Varga M, Hoeschele M. A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence. <i>Developmental Science</i>. 2023;26(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395\">10.1111/desc.13395</a>","chicago":"Wagner, Bernhard, Vedrana Šlipogor, Jinook Oh, Marion Varga, and Marisa Hoeschele. “A Comparison between Common Marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus) and Human Infants Sheds Light on Traits Proposed to Be at the Root of Human Octave Equivalence.” <i>Developmental Science</i>. Wiley, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395\">https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.13395</a>.","ieee":"B. Wagner, V. Šlipogor, J. Oh, M. Varga, and M. Hoeschele, “A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence,” <i>Developmental Science</i>, vol. 26, no. 5. Wiley, 2023."},"issue":"5","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Developmental Science","external_id":{"pmid":["37101383"]},"title":"A comparison between common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and human infants sheds light on traits proposed to be at the root of human octave equivalence","date_updated":"2023-10-04T11:37:33Z","status":"public","oa_version":"None","publication_status":"published","day":"01","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Two notes separated by a doubling in frequency sound similar to humans. This “octave equivalence” is critical to perception and production of music and speech and occurs early in human development. Because it also occurs cross-culturally, a biological basis of octave equivalence has been hypothesized. Members of our team previousy suggested four human traits are at the root of this phenomenon: (1) vocal learning, (2) clear octave information in vocal harmonics, (3) differing vocal ranges, and (4) vocalizing together. Using cross-species studies, we can test how relevant these respective traits are, while controlling for enculturation effects and addressing questions of phylogeny. Common marmosets possess forms of three of the four traits, lacking differing vocal ranges. We tested 11 common marmosets by adapting an established head-turning paradigm, creating a parallel test to an important infant study. Unlike human infants, marmosets responded similarly to tones shifted by an octave or other intervals. Because previous studies with the same head-turning paradigm produced differential results to discernable acoustic stimuli in common marmosets, our results suggest that marmosets do not perceive octave equivalence. Our work suggests differing vocal ranges between adults and children and men and women and the way they are used in singing together may be critical to the development of octave equivalence."}],"article_number":"e13395","date_created":"2023-05-14T22:01:00Z","pmid":1,"acknowledgement":"We thank Prof. Dr. Thomas Bugnyar for supporting the study and financing the marmoset laboratory, and Alexandra Bohmann and the animal keeping team for their care. Vedrana Šlipogor was funded by University of South Bohemia postdoctoral fellowship.","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":"        26","month":"09","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1467-7687"],"issn":["1363-755X"]},"article_type":"original","volume":26,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1111/desc.13395","publisher":"Wiley","year":"2023","type":"journal_article","author":[{"last_name":"Wagner","first_name":"Bernhard","full_name":"Wagner, Bernhard"},{"full_name":"Šlipogor, Vedrana","first_name":"Vedrana","last_name":"Šlipogor"},{"first_name":"Jinook","full_name":"Oh, Jinook","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","last_name":"Oh","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E"},{"full_name":"Varga, Marion","first_name":"Marion","last_name":"Varga"},{"last_name":"Hoeschele","full_name":"Hoeschele, Marisa","first_name":"Marisa"}],"_id":"12961","date_published":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z"},{"page":"753-764","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"day":"01","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Behavioral predispositions are innate tendencies of animals to behave in a given way without the input of learning. They increase survival chances and, due to environmental and ecological challenges, may vary substantially even between closely related taxa. These differences are likely to be especially pronounced in long-lived species like crocodilians. This order is particularly relevant for comparative cognition due to its phylogenetic proximity to birds. Here we compared early life behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. We exposed American alligator and spectacled caiman hatchlings to three different novel situations: a novel object, a novel environment that was open and a novel environment with a shelter. This was then repeated a week later. During exposure to the novel environments, alligators moved around more and explored a larger range of the arena than the caimans. When exposed to the novel object, the alligators reduced the mean distance to the novel object in the second phase, while the caimans further increased it, indicating diametrically opposite ontogenetic development in behavioral predispositions. Although all crocodilian hatchlings face comparable challenges, e.g., high predation pressure, the effectiveness of parental protection might explain the observed pattern. American alligators are apex predators capable of protecting their offspring against most dangers, whereas adult spectacled caimans are frequently predated themselves. Their distancing behavior might be related to increased predator avoidance and also explain the success of invasive spectacled caimans in the natural habitats of other crocodilians."}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2023-08-07T13:41:08Z","publication":"Animal Cognition","external_id":{"isi":["000608382100001"]},"title":"Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species","file":[{"creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1117991,"file_name":"2021_AnimalCognition_Reber.pdf","success":1,"date_updated":"2021-02-09T07:40:14Z","date_created":"2021-02-09T07:40:14Z","file_id":"9107","checksum":"d9dfa0d1de6d684692b041d936dd858e"}],"issue":"4","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"ieee":"S. A. Reber, J. Oh, J. Janisch, C. Stevenson, S. Foggett, and A. Wilkinson, “Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species,” <i>Animal Cognition</i>, vol. 24, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 753–764, 2021.","chicago":"Reber, Stephan A., Jinook Oh, Judith Janisch, Colin Stevenson, Shaun Foggett, and Anna Wilkinson. “Early Life Differences in Behavioral Predispositions in Two Alligatoridae Species.” <i>Animal Cognition</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5</a>.","ama":"Reber SA, Oh J, Janisch J, Stevenson C, Foggett S, Wilkinson A. Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. <i>Animal Cognition</i>. 2021;24(4):753-764. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5\">10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5</a>","apa":"Reber, S. A., Oh, J., Janisch, J., Stevenson, C., Foggett, S., &#38; Wilkinson, A. (2021). Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. <i>Animal Cognition</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5</a>","mla":"Reber, Stephan A., et al. “Early Life Differences in Behavioral Predispositions in Two Alligatoridae Species.” <i>Animal Cognition</i>, vol. 24, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 753–64, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5\">10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5</a>.","short":"S.A. Reber, J. Oh, J. Janisch, C. Stevenson, S. Foggett, A. Wilkinson, Animal Cognition 24 (2021) 753–764.","ista":"Reber SA, Oh J, Janisch J, Stevenson C, Foggett S, Wilkinson A. 2021. Early life differences in behavioral predispositions in two Alligatoridae species. Animal Cognition. 24(4), 753–764."},"date_published":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Reber","full_name":"Reber, Stephan A.","first_name":"Stephan A."},{"full_name":"Oh, Jinook","first_name":"Jinook","orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","last_name":"Oh"},{"full_name":"Janisch, Judith","first_name":"Judith","last_name":"Janisch"},{"first_name":"Colin","full_name":"Stevenson, Colin","last_name":"Stevenson"},{"last_name":"Foggett","full_name":"Foggett, Shaun","first_name":"Shaun"},{"full_name":"Wilkinson, Anna","first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Wilkinson"}],"oa":1,"_id":"9101","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/s10071-020-01461-5","publisher":"Springer Nature","year":"2021","isi":1,"volume":24,"article_type":"original","month":"07","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["14359456"],"issn":["14359448"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","ddc":["590"],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","file_date_updated":"2021-02-09T07:40:14Z","intvolume":"        24","date_created":"2021-02-07T23:01:13Z","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank Jamie Gilks and Terry Miles for their support at Crocodiles of the World. We are grateful to the Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna for provision of working space and hardware. Finally, we would like to thank Cliodhna Quigley, Rachael Harrison and Urs A. Reber for discussion. Open Access funding provided by Lund University. This project was funded by the Marietta Blau grant (BMFWF) to S. A. R."},{"date_published":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z","_id":"10569","oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"B","full_name":"Szabo, B","last_name":"Szabo"},{"full_name":"Mangione, R","first_name":"R","last_name":"Mangione"},{"first_name":"M","full_name":"Rath, M","last_name":"Rath"},{"full_name":"Pašukonis, A","first_name":"A","last_name":"Pašukonis"},{"last_name":"Reber","first_name":"SA","full_name":"Reber, SA"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-7425-2372","last_name":"Oh","id":"403169A4-080F-11EA-9993-BF3F3DDC885E","full_name":"Oh, Jinook","first_name":"Jinook"},{"last_name":"Ringler","first_name":"M","full_name":"Ringler, M"},{"first_name":"E","full_name":"Ringler, E","last_name":"Ringler"}],"type":"journal_article","year":"2021","publisher":"The Company of Biologists","doi":"10.1242/jeb.243647","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":224,"article_type":"original","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1477-9145"],"issn":["0022-0949"]},"quality_controlled":"1","month":"12","intvolume":"       224","file_date_updated":"2021-12-20T10:14:14Z","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","ddc":["573"],"article_processing_charge":"No","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Véronique Helfer, Walter Hödl, Lisa Schretzmeyer and Julia Wotke, who assisted with fieldwork in French Guiana. This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P24788, T699 and P31518 to E.R.; P33728 to M.R.; J3827 to Thomas Bugnyar, Tecumseh Fitch and Ludwig Huber]; and by the Austrian Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft [IS761001 to J.O. (Tecumseh Fitch, Thomas Bugnyar and Ludwig Huber)]. A.P. was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 835530. S.A.R. was supported by the HT faculty, Lund University. We thank the CNRS Nouragues Ecological Research Station, which benefited from the ‘Investissement d'Avenir’ grants managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (AnaEE France ANR-11-INBS-0001; Labex CEBA ANR-10-LABX-25-01). Open access funding provided by University of Vienna. Deposited in PMC for immediate release.","pmid":1,"date_created":"2021-12-20T07:54:22Z","article_number":"jeb243647","abstract":[{"text":"For animals to survive until reproduction, it is crucial that juveniles successfully detect potential predators and respond with appropriate behavior. The recognition of cues originating from predators can be innate or learned. Cues of various modalities might be used alone or in multi-modal combinations to detect and distinguish predators but studies investigating multi-modal integration in predator avoidance are scarce. Here, we used wild, naive tadpoles of the Neotropical poison frog Allobates femoralis ( Boulenger, 1884) to test their reaction to cues with two modalities from two different sympatrically occurring potential predators: heterospecific predatory Dendrobates tinctorius tadpoles and dragonfly larvae. We presented A. femoralis tadpoles with olfactory or visual cues, or a combination of the two, and compared their reaction to a water control in a between-individual design. In our trials, A. femoralis tadpoles reacted to multi-modal stimuli (a combination of visual and chemical information) originating from dragonfly larvae with avoidance but showed no reaction to uni-modal cues or cues from heterospecific tadpoles. In addition, visual cues from conspecifics increased swimming activity while cues from predators had no effect on tadpole activity. Our results show that A. femoralis tadpoles can innately recognize some predators and probably need both visual and chemical information to effectively avoid them. This is the first study looking at anti-predator behavior in poison frog tadpoles. We discuss how parental care might influence the expression of predator avoidance responses in tadpoles.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"16","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","status":"public","date_updated":"2023-08-17T06:26:15Z","title":"Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","creator":"cchlebak","date_created":"2021-12-20T10:14:14Z","checksum":"75d13a5ec8e3b90e3bc02bd8a9c17eef","file_id":"10571","success":1,"date_updated":"2021-12-20T10:14:14Z","file_name":"2021_JExpBio_Szabo.pdf","file_size":607096}],"external_id":{"pmid":["34845497"],"isi":["000738259300013"]},"publication":"Journal of Experimental Biology","has_accepted_license":"1","issue":"24","citation":{"ama":"Szabo B, Mangione R, Rath M, et al. Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. <i>Journal of Experimental Biology</i>. 2021;224(24). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647\">10.1242/jeb.243647</a>","mla":"Szabo, B., et al. “Naïve Poison Frog Tadpoles Use Bi-Modal Cues to Avoid Insect Predators but Not Heterospecific Predatory Tadpoles.” <i>Journal of Experimental Biology</i>, vol. 224, no. 24, jeb243647, The Company of Biologists, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647\">10.1242/jeb.243647</a>.","short":"B. Szabo, R. Mangione, M. Rath, A. Pašukonis, S. Reber, J. Oh, M. Ringler, E. Ringler, Journal of Experimental Biology 224 (2021).","ista":"Szabo B, Mangione R, Rath M, Pašukonis A, Reber S, Oh J, Ringler M, Ringler E. 2021. Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. Journal of Experimental Biology. 224(24), jeb243647.","apa":"Szabo, B., Mangione, R., Rath, M., Pašukonis, A., Reber, S., Oh, J., … Ringler, E. (2021). Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles. <i>Journal of Experimental Biology</i>. The Company of Biologists. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647\">https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647</a>","ieee":"B. Szabo <i>et al.</i>, “Naïve poison frog tadpoles use bi-modal cues to avoid insect predators but not heterospecific predatory tadpoles,” <i>Journal of Experimental Biology</i>, vol. 224, no. 24. The Company of Biologists, 2021.","chicago":"Szabo, B, R Mangione, M Rath, A Pašukonis, SA Reber, Jinook Oh, M Ringler, and E Ringler. “Naïve Poison Frog Tadpoles Use Bi-Modal Cues to Avoid Insect Predators but Not Heterospecific Predatory Tadpoles.” <i>Journal of Experimental Biology</i>. The Company of Biologists, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647\">https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243647</a>."}}]