---
_id: '13342'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Motile cells moving in multicellular organisms encounter microenvironments
    of locally heterogeneous mechanochemical composition. Individual compositional
    parameters like chemotactic signals, adhesiveness, and pore sizes are well known
    to be sensed by motile cells, providing individual guidance cues for cellular
    pathfinding. However, motile cells encounter diverse mechanochemical signals at
    the same time, raising the question of how cells respond to locally diverse and
    potentially competing signals on their migration routes. Here, we reveal that
    motile amoeboid cells require nuclear repositioning, termed nucleokinesis, for
    adaptive pathfinding in heterogeneous mechanochemical microenvironments. Using
    mammalian immune cells and the amoeba<jats:italic>Dictyostelium discoideum</jats:italic>,
    we discover that frequent, rapid and long-distance nucleokinesis is a basic component
    of amoeboid pathfinding, enabling cells to reorientate quickly between locally
    competing cues. Amoeboid nucleokinesis comprises a two-step cell polarity switch
    and is driven by myosin II-forces, sliding the nucleus from a ‘losing’ to the
    ‘winning’ leading edge to re-adjust the nuclear to the cellular path. Impaired
    nucleokinesis distorts fast path adaptions and causes cellular arrest in the microenvironment.
    Our findings establish that nucleokinesis is required for amoeboid cell navigation.
    Given that motile single-cell amoebae, many immune cells, and some cancer cells
    utilize an amoeboid migration strategy, these results suggest that amoeboid nucleokinesis
    underlies cellular navigation during unicellular biology, immunity, and disease.
acknowledgement: We thank Christoph Mayr and Bingzhi Wang for initial experiments
  on amoeboid nucleokinesis, Ana-Maria Lennon-Duménil and Aline Yatim for bone marrow
  from MyoIIA-Flox*CD11c-Cre mice, Michael Sixt and Aglaja Kopf for EMTB-mCherry,
  EB3-mCherry, Lifeact-GFP, Lfc knockout, and Myh9-GFP expressing HoxB8 cells, Malte
  Benjamin Braun, Mauricio Ruiz, and Madeleine T. Schmitt for critical reading of
  the manuscript, and the Core Facility Bioimaging, the Core Facility Flow Cytometry,
  and the Animal Core Facility of the Biomedical Center (BMC) for excellent support.
  This study was supported by the Peter Hans Hofschneider Professorship of the foundation
  “Stiftung Experimentelle Biomedizin” (to JR), the LMU Institutional Strategy LMU-Excellent
  within the framework of the German Excellence Initiative (to JR), and the Deutsche
  Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; German Research Foundation; SFB914 project A12, to
  JR), and the CZI grant DAF2020-225401 (https://doi.org/10.37921/120055ratwvi) from
  the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative DAF (to RH; an advised fund of Silicon Valley Community
  Foundation (funder https://doi.org/10.13039/100014989)). Open Access funding enabled
  and organized by Projekt DEAL.
article_number: e114557
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Janina
  full_name: Kroll, Janina
  last_name: Kroll
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Hauschild, Robert
  id: 4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hauschild
  orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522
- first_name: Arthur
  full_name: Kuznetcov, Arthur
  last_name: Kuznetcov
- first_name: Kasia
  full_name: Stefanowski, Kasia
  last_name: Stefanowski
- first_name: Monika D.
  full_name: Hermann, Monika D.
  last_name: Hermann
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Merrin, Jack
  id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Merrin
  orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Lubuna B
  full_name: Shafeek, Lubuna B
  id: 3CD37A82-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Shafeek
  orcid: 0000-0001-7180-6050
- first_name: Annette
  full_name: Müller-Taubenberger, Annette
  last_name: Müller-Taubenberger
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
citation:
  ama: Kroll J, Hauschild R, Kuznetcov A, et al. Adaptive pathfinding by nucleokinesis
    during amoeboid migration. <i>EMBO Journal</i>. 2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2023114557">10.15252/embj.2023114557</a>
  apa: Kroll, J., Hauschild, R., Kuznetcov, A., Stefanowski, K., Hermann, M. D., Merrin,
    J., … Renkawitz, J. (2023). Adaptive pathfinding by nucleokinesis during amoeboid
    migration. <i>EMBO Journal</i>. Embo Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2023114557">https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2023114557</a>
  chicago: Kroll, Janina, Robert Hauschild, Arthur Kuznetcov, Kasia Stefanowski, Monika
    D. Hermann, Jack Merrin, Lubuna B Shafeek, Annette Müller-Taubenberger, and Jörg
    Renkawitz. “Adaptive Pathfinding by Nucleokinesis during Amoeboid Migration.”
    <i>EMBO Journal</i>. Embo Press, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2023114557">https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2023114557</a>.
  ieee: J. Kroll <i>et al.</i>, “Adaptive pathfinding by nucleokinesis during amoeboid
    migration,” <i>EMBO Journal</i>. Embo Press, 2023.
  ista: Kroll J, Hauschild R, Kuznetcov A, Stefanowski K, Hermann MD, Merrin J, Shafeek
    LB, Müller-Taubenberger A, Renkawitz J. 2023. Adaptive pathfinding by nucleokinesis
    during amoeboid migration. EMBO Journal., e114557.
  mla: Kroll, Janina, et al. “Adaptive Pathfinding by Nucleokinesis during Amoeboid
    Migration.” <i>EMBO Journal</i>, e114557, Embo Press, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2023114557">10.15252/embj.2023114557</a>.
  short: J. Kroll, R. Hauschild, A. Kuznetcov, K. Stefanowski, M.D. Hermann, J. Merrin,
    L.B. Shafeek, A. Müller-Taubenberger, J. Renkawitz, EMBO Journal (2023).
date_created: 2023-08-01T08:59:06Z
date_published: 2023-11-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-27T08:47:45Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: Bio
doi: 10.15252/embj.2023114557
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '37987147'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 6261d0041c7e8d284c39712c40079730
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-11-27T08:45:56Z
  date_updated: 2023-11-27T08:45:56Z
  file_id: '14611'
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  file_size: 4862497
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-11-27T08:45:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: EMBO Journal
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1460-2075
  issn:
  - 0261-4189
publication_status: published
publisher: Embo Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Adaptive pathfinding by nucleokinesis during amoeboid migration
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '11182'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Immune cells are constantly on the move through multicellular organisms to
    explore and respond to pathogens and other harmful insults. While moving, immune
    cells efficiently traverse microenvironments composed of tissue cells and extracellular
    fibers, which together form complex environments of various porosity, stiffness,
    topography, and chemical composition. In this protocol we describe experimental
    procedures to investigate immune cell migration through microenvironments of heterogeneous
    porosity. In particular, we describe micro-channels, micro-pillars, and collagen
    networks as cell migration paths with alternative pore size choices. Employing
    micro-channels or micro-pillars that divide at junctions into alternative paths
    with initially differentially sized pores allows us to precisely (1) measure the
    cellular translocation time through these porous path junctions, (2) quantify
    the cellular preference for individual pore sizes, and (3) image cellular components
    like the nucleus and the cytoskeleton. This reductionistic experimental setup
    thus can elucidate how immune cells perform decisions in complex microenvironments
    of various porosity like the interstitium. The setup further allows investigation
    of the underlying forces of cellular squeezing and the consequences of cellular
    deformation on the integrity of the cell and its organelles. As a complementary
    approach that does not require any micro-engineering expertise, we describe the
    usage of three-dimensional collagen networks with different pore sizes. Whereas
    we here focus on dendritic cells as a model for motile immune cells, the described
    protocols are versatile as they are also applicable for other immune cell types
    like neutrophils and non-immune cell types such as mesenchymal and cancer cells.
    In summary, we here describe protocols to identify the mechanisms and principles
    of cellular probing, decision making, and squeezing during cellular movement through
    microenvironments of heterogeneous porosity.
acknowledgement: "We thank Kasia Stefanowski for excellent technical assistance, and
  the Core Facility Bioimaging of the Biomedical Center (BMC) of the Ludwig-Maximilian
  University for excellent support. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from
  the Peter Hans Hofschneider Professorship of the Stiftung Experimentelle Biomedizin
  (to J.R), from the DFG (Collaborative Research Center SFB914, project A12; and Priority
  Programme SPP2332, project 492014049; both to J.R) and from the LMU Institutional
  Strategy LMU-Excellent within the framework of the German Excellence Initiative
  (to J.R).\r\nOpen access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL."
article_number: e407
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Janina
  full_name: Kroll, Janina
  last_name: Kroll
- first_name: Mauricio J.A.
  full_name: Ruiz-Fernandez, Mauricio J.A.
  last_name: Ruiz-Fernandez
- first_name: Malte B.
  full_name: Braun, Malte B.
  last_name: Braun
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Merrin, Jack
  id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Merrin
  orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
citation:
  ama: Kroll J, Ruiz-Fernandez MJA, Braun MB, Merrin J, Renkawitz J. Quantifying the
    probing and selection of microenvironmental pores by motile immune cells. <i>Current
    Protocols</i>. 2022;2(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.407">10.1002/cpz1.407</a>
  apa: Kroll, J., Ruiz-Fernandez, M. J. A., Braun, M. B., Merrin, J., &#38; Renkawitz,
    J. (2022). Quantifying the probing and selection of microenvironmental pores by
    motile immune cells. <i>Current Protocols</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.407">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.407</a>
  chicago: Kroll, Janina, Mauricio J.A. Ruiz-Fernandez, Malte B. Braun, Jack Merrin,
    and Jörg Renkawitz. “Quantifying the Probing and Selection of Microenvironmental
    Pores by Motile Immune Cells.” <i>Current Protocols</i>. Wiley, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.407">https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.407</a>.
  ieee: J. Kroll, M. J. A. Ruiz-Fernandez, M. B. Braun, J. Merrin, and J. Renkawitz,
    “Quantifying the probing and selection of microenvironmental pores by motile immune
    cells,” <i>Current Protocols</i>, vol. 2, no. 4. Wiley, 2022.
  ista: Kroll J, Ruiz-Fernandez MJA, Braun MB, Merrin J, Renkawitz J. 2022. Quantifying
    the probing and selection of microenvironmental pores by motile immune cells.
    Current Protocols. 2(4), e407.
  mla: Kroll, Janina, et al. “Quantifying the Probing and Selection of Microenvironmental
    Pores by Motile Immune Cells.” <i>Current Protocols</i>, vol. 2, no. 4, e407,
    Wiley, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.407">10.1002/cpz1.407</a>.
  short: J. Kroll, M.J.A. Ruiz-Fernandez, M.B. Braun, J. Merrin, J. Renkawitz, Current
    Protocols 2 (2022).
date_created: 2022-04-17T22:01:46Z
date_published: 2022-04-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-05-02T08:18:00Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NanoFab
doi: 10.1002/cpz1.407
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '35384410'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 72152d005c367777f6cf2f6a477f0d52
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2022-05-02T08:16:10Z
  date_updated: 2022-05-02T08:16:10Z
  file_id: '11347'
  file_name: 2022_CurrentProtocols_Kroll.pdf
  file_size: 2142703
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-05-02T08:16:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         2'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Current Protocols
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2691-1299
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Quantifying the probing and selection of microenvironmental pores by motile
  immune cells
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '7875'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Cells navigating through complex tissues face a fundamental challenge: while
    multiple protrusions explore different paths, the cell needs to avoid entanglement.
    How a cell surveys and then corrects its own shape is poorly understood. Here,
    we demonstrate that spatially distinct microtubule dynamics regulate amoeboid
    cell migration by locally promoting the retraction of protrusions. In migrating
    dendritic cells, local microtubule depolymerization within protrusions remote
    from the microtubule organizing center triggers actomyosin contractility controlled
    by RhoA and its exchange factor Lfc. Depletion of Lfc leads to aberrant myosin
    localization, thereby causing two effects that rate-limit locomotion: (1) impaired
    cell edge coordination during path finding and (2) defective adhesion resolution.
    Compromised shape control is particularly hindering in geometrically complex microenvironments,
    where it leads to entanglement and ultimately fragmentation of the cell body.
    We thus demonstrate that microtubules can act as a proprioceptive device: they
    sense cell shape and control actomyosin retraction to sustain cellular coherence.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
- _id: PreCl
acknowledgement: "The authors thank the Scientific Service Units (Life Sciences, Bioimaging,
  Preclinical) of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria for excellent support.
  This work was funded by the European Research Council (ERC StG 281556 and CoG 724373),
  two grants from the Austrian\r\nScience Fund (FWF; P29911 and DK Nanocell W1250-B20
  to M. Sixt) and by the German Research Foundation (DFG SFB1032 project B09) to O.
  Thorn-Seshold and D. Trauner. J. Renkawitz was supported by ISTFELLOW funding from
  the People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework
  Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the Research Executive Agency grant agreement (291734)
  and a European Molecular Biology Organization long-term fellowship (ALTF 1396-2014)
  co-funded by the European Commission (LTFCOFUND2013, GA-2013-609409), E. Kiermaier
  by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s
  Excellence Strategy—EXC 2151—390873048, and H. Hacker by the American Lebanese Syrian
  Associated ¨Charities. K.-D. Fischer was supported by the Analysis, Imaging and
  Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes graduate school funded by the Ministry
  of Economics, Science, and Digitisation of the State Saxony-Anhalt and by the European
  Funds for Social and Regional Development."
article_number: e201907154
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Aglaja
  full_name: Kopf, Aglaja
  id: 31DAC7B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kopf
  orcid: 0000-0002-2187-6656
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Hauschild, Robert
  id: 4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hauschild
  orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522
- first_name: Irute
  full_name: Girkontaite, Irute
  last_name: Girkontaite
- first_name: Kerry
  full_name: Tedford, Kerry
  last_name: Tedford
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Merrin, Jack
  id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Merrin
  orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Thorn-Seshold, Oliver
  last_name: Thorn-Seshold
- first_name: Dirk
  full_name: Trauner, Dirk
  id: E8F27F48-3EBA-11E9-92A1-B709E6697425
  last_name: Trauner
- first_name: Hans
  full_name: Häcker, Hans
  last_name: Häcker
- first_name: Klaus Dieter
  full_name: Fischer, Klaus Dieter
  last_name: Fischer
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Kiermaier, Eva
  id: 3EB04B78-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kiermaier
  orcid: 0000-0001-6165-5738
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Kopf A, Renkawitz J, Hauschild R, et al. Microtubules control cellular shape
    and coherence in amoeboid migrating cells. <i>The Journal of Cell Biology</i>.
    2020;219(6). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201907154">10.1083/jcb.201907154</a>
  apa: Kopf, A., Renkawitz, J., Hauschild, R., Girkontaite, I., Tedford, K., Merrin,
    J., … Sixt, M. K. (2020). Microtubules control cellular shape and coherence in
    amoeboid migrating cells. <i>The Journal of Cell Biology</i>. Rockefeller University
    Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201907154">https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201907154</a>
  chicago: Kopf, Aglaja, Jörg Renkawitz, Robert Hauschild, Irute Girkontaite, Kerry
    Tedford, Jack Merrin, Oliver Thorn-Seshold, et al. “Microtubules Control Cellular
    Shape and Coherence in Amoeboid Migrating Cells.” <i>The Journal of Cell Biology</i>.
    Rockefeller University Press, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201907154">https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201907154</a>.
  ieee: A. Kopf <i>et al.</i>, “Microtubules control cellular shape and coherence
    in amoeboid migrating cells,” <i>The Journal of Cell Biology</i>, vol. 219, no.
    6. Rockefeller University Press, 2020.
  ista: Kopf A, Renkawitz J, Hauschild R, Girkontaite I, Tedford K, Merrin J, Thorn-Seshold
    O, Trauner D, Häcker H, Fischer KD, Kiermaier E, Sixt MK. 2020. Microtubules control
    cellular shape and coherence in amoeboid migrating cells. The Journal of Cell
    Biology. 219(6), e201907154.
  mla: Kopf, Aglaja, et al. “Microtubules Control Cellular Shape and Coherence in
    Amoeboid Migrating Cells.” <i>The Journal of Cell Biology</i>, vol. 219, no. 6,
    e201907154, Rockefeller University Press, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201907154">10.1083/jcb.201907154</a>.
  short: A. Kopf, J. Renkawitz, R. Hauschild, I. Girkontaite, K. Tedford, J. Merrin,
    O. Thorn-Seshold, D. Trauner, H. Häcker, K.D. Fischer, E. Kiermaier, M.K. Sixt,
    The Journal of Cell Biology 219 (2020).
date_created: 2020-05-24T22:00:56Z
date_published: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-21T06:28:17Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: Bio
- _id: NanoFab
doi: 10.1083/jcb.201907154
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000538141100020'
  pmid:
  - '32379884'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: cb0b9c77842ae1214caade7b77e4d82d
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2020-11-24T13:25:13Z
  date_updated: 2020-11-24T13:25:13Z
  file_id: '8801'
  file_name: 2020_JCellBiol_Kopf.pdf
  file_size: 7536712
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-11-24T13:25:13Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       219'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25A603A2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '281556'
  name: Cytoskeletal force generation and force transduction of migrating leukocytes
- _id: 25FE9508-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '724373'
  name: Cellular navigation along spatial gradients
- _id: 26018E70-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P29911
  name: Mechanical adaptation of lamellipodial actin
- _id: 252C3B08-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: W 1250-B20
  name: Nano-Analytics of Cellular Systems
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '291734'
  name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
- _id: 25A48D24-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: ALTF 1396-2014
  name: Molecular and system level view of immune cell migration
publication: The Journal of Cell Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1540-8140
publication_status: published
publisher: Rockefeller University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Microtubules control cellular shape and coherence in amoeboid migrating cells
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 219
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '6328'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: During metazoan development, immune surveillance and cancer dissemination,
    cells migrate in complex three-dimensional microenvironments1,2,3. These spaces
    are crowded by cells and extracellular matrix, generating mazes with differently
    sized gaps that are typically smaller than the diameter of the migrating cell4,5.
    Most mesenchymal and epithelial cells and some—but not all—cancer cells actively
    generate their migratory path using pericellular tissue proteolysis6. By contrast,
    amoeboid cells such as leukocytes use non-destructive strategies of locomotion7,
    raising the question how these extremely fast cells navigate through dense tissues.
    Here we reveal that leukocytes sample their immediate vicinity for large pore
    sizes, and are thereby able to choose the path of least resistance. This allows
    them to circumnavigate local obstacles while effectively following global directional
    cues such as chemotactic gradients. Pore-size discrimination is facilitated by
    frontward positioning of the nucleus, which enables the cells to use their bulkiest
    compartment as a mechanical gauge. Once the nucleus and the closely associated
    microtubule organizing centre pass the largest pore, cytoplasmic protrusions still
    lingering in smaller pores are retracted. These retractions are coordinated by
    dynamic microtubules; when microtubules are disrupted, migrating cells lose coherence
    and frequently fragment into migratory cytoplasmic pieces. As nuclear positioning
    in front of the microtubule organizing centre is a typical feature of amoeboid
    migration, our findings link the fundamental organization of cellular polarity
    to the strategy of locomotion.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Aglaja
  full_name: Kopf, Aglaja
  id: 31DAC7B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kopf
  orcid: 0000-0002-2187-6656
- first_name: Julian A
  full_name: Stopp, Julian A
  id: 489E3F00-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Stopp
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: de Vries, Ingrid
  id: 4C7D837E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: de Vries
- first_name: Meghan K.
  full_name: Driscoll, Meghan K.
  last_name: Driscoll
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Merrin, Jack
  id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Merrin
  orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Hauschild, Robert
  id: 4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hauschild
  orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522
- first_name: Erik S.
  full_name: Welf, Erik S.
  last_name: Welf
- first_name: Gaudenz
  full_name: Danuser, Gaudenz
  last_name: Danuser
- first_name: Reto
  full_name: Fiolka, Reto
  last_name: Fiolka
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Renkawitz J, Kopf A, Stopp JA, et al. Nuclear positioning facilitates amoeboid
    migration along the path of least resistance. <i>Nature</i>. 2019;568:546-550.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5">10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5</a>
  apa: Renkawitz, J., Kopf, A., Stopp, J. A., de Vries, I., Driscoll, M. K., Merrin,
    J., … Sixt, M. K. (2019). Nuclear positioning facilitates amoeboid migration along
    the path of least resistance. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, Aglaja Kopf, Julian A Stopp, Ingrid de Vries, Meghan K.
    Driscoll, Jack Merrin, Robert Hauschild, et al. “Nuclear Positioning Facilitates
    Amoeboid Migration along the Path of Least Resistance.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer
    Nature, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz <i>et al.</i>, “Nuclear positioning facilitates amoeboid migration
    along the path of least resistance,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 568. Springer Nature,
    pp. 546–550, 2019.
  ista: Renkawitz J, Kopf A, Stopp JA, de Vries I, Driscoll MK, Merrin J, Hauschild
    R, Welf ES, Danuser G, Fiolka R, Sixt MK. 2019. Nuclear positioning facilitates
    amoeboid migration along the path of least resistance. Nature. 568, 546–550.
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, et al. “Nuclear Positioning Facilitates Amoeboid Migration
    along the Path of Least Resistance.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 568, Springer Nature,
    2019, pp. 546–50, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5">10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, A. Kopf, J.A. Stopp, I. de Vries, M.K. Driscoll, J. Merrin,
    R. Hauschild, E.S. Welf, G. Danuser, R. Fiolka, M.K. Sixt, Nature 568 (2019) 546–550.
date_created: 2019-04-17T06:52:28Z
date_published: 2019-04-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:22Z
day: '25'
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: Bio
doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1087-5
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000465594200050'
  pmid:
  - '30944468'
intvolume: '       568'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7217284/
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 546-550
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25A603A2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '281556'
  name: Cytoskeletal force generation and force transduction of migrating leukocytes
    (EU)
- _id: 25FE9508-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '724373'
  name: Cellular navigation along spatial gradients
- _id: 265FAEBA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: W01250-B20
  name: Nano-Analytics of Cellular Systems
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '291734'
  name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
- _id: 25A48D24-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: ALTF 1396-2014
  name: Molecular and system level view of immune cell migration
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/leukocytes-use-their-nucleus-as-a-ruler-to-choose-path-of-least-resistance/
  record:
  - id: '14697'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
  - id: '6891'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nuclear positioning facilitates amoeboid migration along the path of least
  resistance
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 568
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '276'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Directed migration of cells relies on their ability to sense directional guidance
    cues and to interact with pericellular structures in order to transduce contractile
    cytoskeletal- into mechanical forces. These biomechanical processes depend highly
    on microenvironmental factors such as exposure to 2D surfaces or 3D matrices.
    In vivo, the majority of cells are exposed to 3D environments. Data on 3D cell
    migration are mostly derived from intravital microscopy or collagen-based in vitro
    assays. Both approaches offer only limited controlla-bility of experimental conditions.
    Here, we developed an automated microfluidic system that allows positioning of
    cells in 3D microenvironments containing highly controlled diffusion-based chemokine
    gradients. Tracking migration in such gradients was feasible in real time at the
    single cell level. Moreover, the setup allowed on-chip immunocytochemistry and
    thus linking of functional with phenotypical properties in individual cells. Spatially
    defined retrieval of cells from the device allows down-stream off-chip analysis.
    Using dendritic cells as a model, our setup specifically allowed us for the first
    time to quantitate key migration characteristics of cells exposed to identical
    gradients of the chemokine CCL19 yet placed on 2D vs in 3D environments. Migration
    properties between 2D and 3D migration were distinct. Morphological features of
    cells migrating in an in vitro 3D environment were similar to those of cells migrating
    in animal tissues, but different from cells migrating on a surface. Our system
    thus offers a highly controllable in vitro-mimic of a 3D environment that cells
    traffic in vivo.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation
  (MD-PhD fellowships, 323530_164221 to C.F.; and 323630_151483 to A.J.; grant PZ00P3_144863
  to M.R, grant 31003A_156431 to T.S.; PZ00P3_148000 to C.T.B.; PZ00P3_154733 to M.M.),
  a Novartis “FreeNovation” grant to M.M. and T.S. and an EMBO long-term fellowship
  (ALTF 1396-2014) co-funded by the European Commission (LTFCOFUND2013, GA-2013-609409)
  to J.R.. M.R. was supported by the Gebert Rüf Foundation (GRS 058/14). The funders
  had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
  or preparation of the manuscript.
article_number: e0198330
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Corina
  full_name: Frick, Corina
  last_name: Frick
- first_name: Philip
  full_name: Dettinger, Philip
  last_name: Dettinger
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Annaïse
  full_name: Jauch, Annaïse
  last_name: Jauch
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Berger, Christoph
  last_name: Berger
- first_name: Mike
  full_name: Recher, Mike
  last_name: Recher
- first_name: Timm
  full_name: Schroeder, Timm
  last_name: Schroeder
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Mehling, Matthias
  last_name: Mehling
citation:
  ama: Frick C, Dettinger P, Renkawitz J, et al. Nano-scale microfluidics to study
    3D chemotaxis at the single cell level. <i>PLoS One</i>. 2018;13(6). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198330">10.1371/journal.pone.0198330</a>
  apa: Frick, C., Dettinger, P., Renkawitz, J., Jauch, A., Berger, C., Recher, M.,
    … Mehling, M. (2018). Nano-scale microfluidics to study 3D chemotaxis at the single
    cell level. <i>PLoS One</i>. Public Library of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198330">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198330</a>
  chicago: Frick, Corina, Philip Dettinger, Jörg Renkawitz, Annaïse Jauch, Christoph
    Berger, Mike Recher, Timm Schroeder, and Matthias Mehling. “Nano-Scale Microfluidics
    to Study 3D Chemotaxis at the Single Cell Level.” <i>PLoS One</i>. Public Library
    of Science, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198330">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198330</a>.
  ieee: C. Frick <i>et al.</i>, “Nano-scale microfluidics to study 3D chemotaxis at
    the single cell level,” <i>PLoS One</i>, vol. 13, no. 6. Public Library of Science,
    2018.
  ista: Frick C, Dettinger P, Renkawitz J, Jauch A, Berger C, Recher M, Schroeder
    T, Mehling M. 2018. Nano-scale microfluidics to study 3D chemotaxis at the single
    cell level. PLoS One. 13(6), e0198330.
  mla: Frick, Corina, et al. “Nano-Scale Microfluidics to Study 3D Chemotaxis at the
    Single Cell Level.” <i>PLoS One</i>, vol. 13, no. 6, e0198330, Public Library
    of Science, 2018, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198330">10.1371/journal.pone.0198330</a>.
  short: C. Frick, P. Dettinger, J. Renkawitz, A. Jauch, C. Berger, M. Recher, T.
    Schroeder, M. Mehling, PLoS One 13 (2018).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:34Z
date_published: 2018-06-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-13T09:00:15Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198330
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000434384900031'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 95fc5dc3938b3ad3b7697d10c83cc143
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2018-12-17T14:10:32Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:45Z
  file_id: '5709'
  file_name: 2018_Plos_Frick.pdf
  file_size: 7682167
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:45Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        13'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: PLoS One
publication_status: published
publisher: Public Library of Science
publist_id: '7626'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nano-scale microfluidics to study 3D chemotaxis at the single cell level
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 13
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '15'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Although much is known about the physiological framework of T cell motility,
    and numerous rate-limiting molecules have been identified through loss-of-function
    approaches, an integrated functional concept of T cell motility is lacking. Here,
    we used in vivo precision morphometry together with analysis of cytoskeletal dynamics
    in vitro to deconstruct the basic mechanisms of T cell migration within lymphatic
    organs. We show that the contributions of the integrin LFA-1 and the chemokine
    receptor CCR7 are complementary rather than positioned in a linear pathway, as
    they are during leukocyte extravasation from the blood vasculature. Our data demonstrate
    that CCR7 controls cortical actin flows, whereas integrins mediate substrate friction
    that is sufficient to drive locomotion in the absence of considerable surface
    adhesions and plasma membrane flux.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
acknowledgement: This work was funded by grants from the European Research Council
  (ERC StG 281556 and CoG 724373) and the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) to M.S.
  and by Swiss National Foundation (SNF) project grants 31003A_135649, 31003A_153457
  and CR23I3_156234 to J.V.S. F.G. received funding from the European Union’s Horizon
  2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement
  no. 747687, and J.R. was funded by an EMBO long-term fellowship (ALTF 1396-2014).
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Miroslav
  full_name: Hons, Miroslav
  id: 4167FE56-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hons
  orcid: 0000-0002-6625-3348
- first_name: Aglaja
  full_name: Kopf, Aglaja
  id: 31DAC7B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kopf
  orcid: 0000-0002-2187-6656
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Hauschild, Robert
  id: 4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hauschild
  orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522
- first_name: Alexander F
  full_name: Leithner, Alexander F
  id: 3B1B77E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Leithner
  orcid: 0000-0002-1073-744X
- first_name: Florian R
  full_name: Gärtner, Florian R
  id: 397A88EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Gärtner
  orcid: 0000-0001-6120-3723
- first_name: Jun
  full_name: Abe, Jun
  last_name: Abe
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Stein, Jens
  last_name: Stein
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Hons M, Kopf A, Hauschild R, et al. Chemokines and integrins independently
    tune actin flow and substrate friction during intranodal migration of T cells.
    <i>Nature Immunology</i>. 2018;19(6):606-616. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z">10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z</a>
  apa: Hons, M., Kopf, A., Hauschild, R., Leithner, A. F., Gärtner, F. R., Abe, J.,
    … Sixt, M. K. (2018). Chemokines and integrins independently tune actin flow and
    substrate friction during intranodal migration of T cells. <i>Nature Immunology</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z</a>
  chicago: Hons, Miroslav, Aglaja Kopf, Robert Hauschild, Alexander F Leithner, Florian
    R Gärtner, Jun Abe, Jörg Renkawitz, Jens Stein, and Michael K Sixt. “Chemokines
    and Integrins Independently Tune Actin Flow and Substrate Friction during Intranodal
    Migration of T Cells.” <i>Nature Immunology</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2018.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z</a>.
  ieee: M. Hons <i>et al.</i>, “Chemokines and integrins independently tune actin
    flow and substrate friction during intranodal migration of T cells,” <i>Nature
    Immunology</i>, vol. 19, no. 6. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 606–616, 2018.
  ista: Hons M, Kopf A, Hauschild R, Leithner AF, Gärtner FR, Abe J, Renkawitz J,
    Stein J, Sixt MK. 2018. Chemokines and integrins independently tune actin flow
    and substrate friction during intranodal migration of T cells. Nature Immunology.
    19(6), 606–616.
  mla: Hons, Miroslav, et al. “Chemokines and Integrins Independently Tune Actin Flow
    and Substrate Friction during Intranodal Migration of T Cells.” <i>Nature Immunology</i>,
    vol. 19, no. 6, Nature Publishing Group, 2018, pp. 606–16, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z">10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z</a>.
  short: M. Hons, A. Kopf, R. Hauschild, A.F. Leithner, F.R. Gärtner, J. Abe, J. Renkawitz,
    J. Stein, M.K. Sixt, Nature Immunology 19 (2018) 606–616.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:10Z
date_published: 2018-05-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:22Z
day: '18'
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: Bio
doi: 10.1038/s41590-018-0109-z
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000433041500026'
  pmid:
  - '29777221'
intvolume: '        19'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29777221
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 606 - 616
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25FE9508-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '724373'
  name: Cellular navigation along spatial gradients
- _id: 260AA4E2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '747687'
  name: Mechanical Adaptation of Lamellipodial Actin Networks in Migrating Cells
- _id: 25A48D24-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: ALTF 1396-2014
  name: Molecular and system level view of immune cell migration
- _id: 25A603A2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '281556'
  name: Cytoskeletal force generation and force transduction of migrating leukocytes
    (EU)
publication: Nature Immunology
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '8040'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '6891'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Chemokines and integrins independently tune actin flow and substrate friction
  during intranodal migration of T cells
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 19
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '153'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Cells migrating in multicellular organisms steadily traverse complex three-dimensional
    (3D) environments. To decipher the underlying cell biology, current experimental
    setups either use simplified 2D, tissue-mimetic 3D (e.g., collagen matrices) or
    in vivo environments. While only in vivo experiments are truly physiological,
    they do not allow for precise manipulation of environmental parameters. 2D in
    vitro experiments do allow mechanical and chemical manipulations, but increasing
    evidence demonstrates substantial differences of migratory mechanisms in 2D and
    3D. Here, we describe simple, robust, and versatile “pillar forests” to investigate
    cell migration in complex but fully controllable 3D environments. Pillar forests
    are polydimethylsiloxane-based setups, in which two closely adjacent surfaces
    are interconnected by arrays of micrometer-sized pillars. Changing the pillar
    shape, size, height and the inter-pillar distance precisely manipulates microenvironmental
    parameters (e.g., pore sizes, micro-geometry, micro-topology), while being easily
    combined with chemotactic cues, surface coatings, diverse cell types and advanced
    imaging techniques. Thus, pillar forests combine the advantages of 2D cell migration
    assays with the precise definition of 3D environmental parameters.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Anne
  full_name: Reversat, Anne
  id: 35B76592-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Reversat
  orcid: 0000-0003-0666-8928
- first_name: Alexander F
  full_name: Leithner, Alexander F
  id: 3B1B77E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Leithner
  orcid: 0000-0002-1073-744X
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Merrin, Jack
  id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Merrin
  orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: 'Renkawitz J, Reversat A, Leithner AF, Merrin J, Sixt MK. Micro-engineered
    “pillar forests” to study cell migration in complex but controlled 3D environments.
    In: <i>Methods in Cell Biology</i>. Vol 147. Academic Press; 2018:79-91. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004">10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004</a>'
  apa: Renkawitz, J., Reversat, A., Leithner, A. F., Merrin, J., &#38; Sixt, M. K.
    (2018). Micro-engineered “pillar forests” to study cell migration in complex but
    controlled 3D environments. In <i>Methods in Cell Biology</i> (Vol. 147, pp. 79–91).
    Academic Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, Anne Reversat, Alexander F Leithner, Jack Merrin, and
    Michael K Sixt. “Micro-Engineered ‘Pillar Forests’ to Study Cell Migration in
    Complex but Controlled 3D Environments.” In <i>Methods in Cell Biology</i>, 147:79–91.
    Academic Press, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz, A. Reversat, A. F. Leithner, J. Merrin, and M. K. Sixt, “Micro-engineered
    ‘pillar forests’ to study cell migration in complex but controlled 3D environments,”
    in <i>Methods in Cell Biology</i>, vol. 147, Academic Press, 2018, pp. 79–91.
  ista: 'Renkawitz J, Reversat A, Leithner AF, Merrin J, Sixt MK. 2018.Micro-engineered
    “pillar forests” to study cell migration in complex but controlled 3D environments.
    In: Methods in Cell Biology. vol. 147, 79–91.'
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, et al. “Micro-Engineered ‘Pillar Forests’ to Study Cell Migration
    in Complex but Controlled 3D Environments.” <i>Methods in Cell Biology</i>, vol.
    147, Academic Press, 2018, pp. 79–91, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004">10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, A. Reversat, A.F. Leithner, J. Merrin, M.K. Sixt, in:, Methods
    in Cell Biology, Academic Press, 2018, pp. 79–91.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:54Z
date_published: 2018-07-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-13T08:56:35Z
day: '27'
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: NanoFab
doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.07.004
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000452412300006'
  pmid:
  - '30165964'
intvolume: '       147'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 79 - 91
pmid: 1
publication: Methods in Cell Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0091679X
publication_status: published
publisher: Academic Press
publist_id: '7768'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Micro-engineered “pillar forests” to study cell migration in complex but controlled
  3D environments
type: book_chapter
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 147
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '437'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Dendritic cells (DCs) are sentinels of the adaptive immune system that reside
    in peripheral organs of mammals. Upon pathogen encounter, they undergo maturation
    and up-regulate the chemokine receptor CCR7 that guides them along gradients of
    its chemokine ligands CCL19 and 21 to the next draining lymph node. There, DCs
    present peripherally acquired antigen to naïve T cells, thereby triggering adaptive
    immunity.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: SSU
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by grants of the European Research Council
  (ERC CoG 724373) and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) to M.S. We thank the scientific
  support units at IST Austria for excellent technical support.\r\nWe thank the  scientific
  \ support units at IST Austria for excellent technical support.   "
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
author:
- first_name: Alexander F
  full_name: Leithner, Alexander F
  id: 3B1B77E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Leithner
  orcid: 0000-0002-1073-744X
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: De Vries, Ingrid
  id: 4C7D837E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: De Vries
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Hauschild, Robert
  id: 4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hauschild
  orcid: 0000-0001-9843-3522
- first_name: Hans
  full_name: Haecker, Hans
  last_name: Haecker
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Leithner AF, Renkawitz J, de Vries I, Hauschild R, Haecker H, Sixt MK. Fast
    and efficient genetic engineering of hematopoietic precursor cells for the study
    of dendritic cell migration. <i>European Journal of Immunology</i>. 2018;48(6):1074-1077.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747358">10.1002/eji.201747358</a>
  apa: Leithner, A. F., Renkawitz, J., de Vries, I., Hauschild, R., Haecker, H., &#38;
    Sixt, M. K. (2018). Fast and efficient genetic engineering of hematopoietic precursor
    cells for the study of dendritic cell migration. <i>European Journal of Immunology</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747358">https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747358</a>
  chicago: Leithner, Alexander F, Jörg Renkawitz, Ingrid de Vries, Robert Hauschild,
    Hans Haecker, and Michael K Sixt. “Fast and Efficient Genetic Engineering of Hematopoietic
    Precursor Cells for the Study of Dendritic Cell Migration.” <i>European Journal
    of Immunology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747358">https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747358</a>.
  ieee: A. F. Leithner, J. Renkawitz, I. de Vries, R. Hauschild, H. Haecker, and M.
    K. Sixt, “Fast and efficient genetic engineering of hematopoietic precursor cells
    for the study of dendritic cell migration,” <i>European Journal of Immunology</i>,
    vol. 48, no. 6. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1074–1077, 2018.
  ista: Leithner AF, Renkawitz J, de Vries I, Hauschild R, Haecker H, Sixt MK. 2018.
    Fast and efficient genetic engineering of hematopoietic precursor cells for the
    study of dendritic cell migration. European Journal of Immunology. 48(6), 1074–1077.
  mla: Leithner, Alexander F., et al. “Fast and Efficient Genetic Engineering of Hematopoietic
    Precursor Cells for the Study of Dendritic Cell Migration.” <i>European Journal
    of Immunology</i>, vol. 48, no. 6, Wiley-Blackwell, 2018, pp. 1074–77, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201747358">10.1002/eji.201747358</a>.
  short: A.F. Leithner, J. Renkawitz, I. de Vries, R. Hauschild, H. Haecker, M.K.
    Sixt, European Journal of Immunology 48 (2018) 1074–1077.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:28Z
date_published: 2018-02-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T14:01:18Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: MiSi
- _id: Bio
doi: 10.1002/eji.201747358
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000434963700016'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 9d5b74cd016505aeb9a4c2d33bbedaeb
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:13:56Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:27Z
  file_id: '5044'
  file_name: IST-2018-1067-v1+2_Leithner_et_al-2018-European_Journal_of_Immunology.pdf
  file_size: 590106
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:27Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        48'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1074 - 1077
project:
- _id: 25FE9508-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '724373'
  name: Cellular navigation along spatial gradients
publication: European Journal of Immunology
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '7386'
pubrep_id: '1067'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Fast and efficient genetic engineering of hematopoietic precursor cells for
  the study of dendritic cell migration
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 48
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '677'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The INO80 complex (INO80-C) is an evolutionarily conserved nucleosome remodeler
    that acts in transcription, replication, and genome stability. It is required
    for resistance against genotoxic agents and is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand
    breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR). However, the causes of the HR
    defect in INO80-C mutant cells are controversial. Here, we unite previous findings
    using a system to study HR with high spatial resolution in budding yeast. We find
    that INO80-C has at least two distinct functions during HR—DNA end resection and
    presynaptic filament formation. Importantly, the second function is linked to
    the histone variant H2A.Z. In the absence of H2A.Z, presynaptic filament formation
    and HR are restored in INO80-C-deficient mutants, suggesting that presynaptic
    filament formation is the crucial INO80-C function during HR.
author:
- first_name: Claudio
  full_name: Lademann, Claudio
  last_name: Lademann
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Boris
  full_name: Pfander, Boris
  last_name: Pfander
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Jentsch, Stefan
  last_name: Jentsch
citation:
  ama: Lademann C, Renkawitz J, Pfander B, Jentsch S. The INO80 complex removes H2A.Z
    to promote presynaptic filament formation during homologous recombination. <i>Cell
    Reports</i>. 2017;19(7):1294-1303. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051">10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051</a>
  apa: Lademann, C., Renkawitz, J., Pfander, B., &#38; Jentsch, S. (2017). The INO80
    complex removes H2A.Z to promote presynaptic filament formation during homologous
    recombination. <i>Cell Reports</i>. Cell Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051</a>
  chicago: Lademann, Claudio, Jörg Renkawitz, Boris Pfander, and Stefan Jentsch. “The
    INO80 Complex Removes H2A.Z to Promote Presynaptic Filament Formation during Homologous
    Recombination.” <i>Cell Reports</i>. Cell Press, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051</a>.
  ieee: C. Lademann, J. Renkawitz, B. Pfander, and S. Jentsch, “The INO80 complex
    removes H2A.Z to promote presynaptic filament formation during homologous recombination,”
    <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 19, no. 7. Cell Press, pp. 1294–1303, 2017.
  ista: Lademann C, Renkawitz J, Pfander B, Jentsch S. 2017. The INO80 complex removes
    H2A.Z to promote presynaptic filament formation during homologous recombination.
    Cell Reports. 19(7), 1294–1303.
  mla: Lademann, Claudio, et al. “The INO80 Complex Removes H2A.Z to Promote Presynaptic
    Filament Formation during Homologous Recombination.” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol.
    19, no. 7, Cell Press, 2017, pp. 1294–303, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051">10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051</a>.
  short: C. Lademann, J. Renkawitz, B. Pfander, S. Jentsch, Cell Reports 19 (2017)
    1294–1303.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:52Z
date_published: 2017-05-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:08:57Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.051
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: efc7287d9c6354983cb151880e9ad72a
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:15:48Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
  file_id: '5171'
  file_name: IST-2017-899-v1+1_1-s2.0-S2211124717305454-main.pdf
  file_size: 3005610
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        19'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1294 - 1303
publication: Cell Reports
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - '22111247'
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '7046'
pubrep_id: '899'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: The INO80 complex removes H2A.Z to promote presynaptic filament formation during
  homologous recombination
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 19
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '1150'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: When neutrophils infiltrate a site of inflammation, they have to stop at the
    right place to exert their effector function. In this issue of Developmental Cell,
    Wang et al. (2016) show that neutrophils sense reactive oxygen species via the
    TRPM2 channel to arrest migration at their target site. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Renkawitz J, Sixt MK. A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil Migration. <i>Developmental
    Cell</i>. 2016;38(5):448-450. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017">10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017</a>
  apa: Renkawitz, J., &#38; Sixt, M. K. (2016). A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil
    Migration. <i>Developmental Cell</i>. Cell Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, and Michael K Sixt. “A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil
    Migration.” <i>Developmental Cell</i>. Cell Press, 2016. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz and M. K. Sixt, “A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil Migration,”
    <i>Developmental Cell</i>, vol. 38, no. 5. Cell Press, pp. 448–450, 2016.
  ista: Renkawitz J, Sixt MK. 2016. A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil Migration.
    Developmental Cell. 38(5), 448–450.
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, and Michael K. Sixt. “A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil
    Migration.” <i>Developmental Cell</i>, vol. 38, no. 5, Cell Press, 2016, pp. 448–50,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017">10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, M.K. Sixt, Developmental Cell 38 (2016) 448–450.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:50:25Z
date_published: 2016-09-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:48:39Z
day: '12'
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.08.017
intvolume: '        38'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 448 - 450
publication: Developmental Cell
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '6208'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: A Radical Break Restraining Neutrophil Migration
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 38
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '1201'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this issue of Cell, Skau et al. show that the formin FMN2 organizes a perinuclear
    actin cytoskeleton that protects the nucleus and its genomic content of migrating
    cells squeezing through small spaces.
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Renkawitz J, Sixt MK. Formin’ a nuclear protection. <i>Cell</i>. 2016;167(6):1448-1449.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024">10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024</a>
  apa: Renkawitz, J., &#38; Sixt, M. K. (2016). Formin’ a nuclear protection. <i>Cell</i>.
    Cell Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, and Michael K Sixt. “Formin’ a Nuclear Protection.” <i>Cell</i>.
    Cell Press, 2016. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz and M. K. Sixt, “Formin’ a nuclear protection,” <i>Cell</i>,
    vol. 167, no. 6. Cell Press, pp. 1448–1449, 2016.
  ista: Renkawitz J, Sixt MK. 2016. Formin’ a nuclear protection. Cell. 167(6), 1448–1449.
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, and Michael K. Sixt. “Formin’ a Nuclear Protection.” <i>Cell</i>,
    vol. 167, no. 6, Cell Press, 2016, pp. 1448–49, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024">10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, M.K. Sixt, Cell 167 (2016) 1448–1449.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:50:41Z
date_published: 2016-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:49:03Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.024
intvolume: '       167'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 1448 - 1449
publication: Cell
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '6149'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Formin’ a nuclear protection
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 167
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '2215'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Homologous recombination is crucial for genome stability and for genetic exchange.
    Although our knowledge of the principle steps in recombination and its machinery
    is well advanced, homology search, the critical step of exploring the genome for
    homologous sequences to enable recombination, has remained mostly enigmatic. However,
    recent methodological advances have provided considerable new insights into this
    fundamental step in recombination that can be integrated into a mechanistic model.
    These advances emphasize the importance of genomic proximity and nuclear organization
    for homology search and the critical role of homology search mediators in this
    process. They also aid our understanding of how homology search might lead to
    unwanted and potentially disease-promoting recombination events.
acknowledgement: J.R. was supported by a Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds PhD stipend.
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Claudio
  full_name: Lademann, Claudio
  last_name: Lademann
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Jentsch, Stefan
  last_name: Jentsch
citation:
  ama: Renkawitz J, Lademann C, Jentsch S. Mechanisms and principles of homology search
    during recombination. <i>Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology</i>. 2014;15(6):369-383.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3805">10.1038/nrm3805</a>
  apa: Renkawitz, J., Lademann, C., &#38; Jentsch, S. (2014). Mechanisms and principles
    of homology search during recombination. <i>Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3805">https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3805</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, Claudio Lademann, and Stefan Jentsch. “Mechanisms and
    Principles of Homology Search during Recombination.” <i>Nature Reviews Molecular
    Cell Biology</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3805">https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3805</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz, C. Lademann, and S. Jentsch, “Mechanisms and principles of homology
    search during recombination,” <i>Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology</i>, vol.
    15, no. 6. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 369–383, 2014.
  ista: Renkawitz J, Lademann C, Jentsch S. 2014. Mechanisms and principles of homology
    search during recombination. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 15(6), 369–383.
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, et al. “Mechanisms and Principles of Homology Search during
    Recombination.” <i>Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology</i>, vol. 15, no. 6,
    Nature Publishing Group, 2014, pp. 369–83, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3805">10.1038/nrm3805</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, C. Lademann, S. Jentsch, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
    15 (2014) 369–383.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:56:22Z
date_published: 2014-05-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:56:03Z
day: '14'
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.1038/nrm3805
intvolume: '        15'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 369 - 383
publication: Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '4755'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Mechanisms and principles of homology search during recombination
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 15
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '3961'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: For innate and adaptive immune responses it is essential that inflammatory
    cells use quick and flexible locomotion strategies. Accordingly, most leukocytes
    can efficiently infiltrate and traverse almost every physiological or artificial
    environment. Here, we review how leukocytes might achieve this task mechanistically,
    and summarize recent findings on the principles of cytoskeletal force generation
    and transduction at the leading edge of leukocytes. We propose a model in which
    the cells switch between adhesion-receptor-mediated force transmission and locomotion
    modes that are based on cellular deformations, but independent of adhesion receptors.
    This plasticity in migration strategies allows leukocytes to adapt to the geometry
    and molecular composition of their environment.
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Michele Weber for critical comments on the manuscript.
  Work in the laboratory of M.S. is supported by the German Research Foundation, the
  Peter Hans Hofschneider Foundation for Experimental Biomedicine and the Max Planck
  Society. J.R. is supported by a PhD fellowship of the Böhringer Ingelheim Fond.
  We thank Reinhard Fässler and Stefan Jentsch for their continuous support.
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Jörg Renkawitz
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Michael Sixt
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Renkawitz J, Sixt MK. Mechanisms of force generation and force transmission
    during interstitial leukocyte migration. <i>EMBO Reports</i>. 2010;11(10):744-750.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.147">10.1038/embor.2010.147</a>
  apa: Renkawitz, J., &#38; Sixt, M. K. (2010). Mechanisms of force generation and
    force transmission during interstitial leukocyte migration. <i>EMBO Reports</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.147">https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.147</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, and Michael K Sixt. “Mechanisms of Force Generation and
    Force Transmission during Interstitial Leukocyte Migration.” <i>EMBO Reports</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.147">https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.147</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz and M. K. Sixt, “Mechanisms of force generation and force transmission
    during interstitial leukocyte migration,” <i>EMBO Reports</i>, vol. 11, no. 10.
    Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 744–750, 2010.
  ista: Renkawitz J, Sixt MK. 2010. Mechanisms of force generation and force transmission
    during interstitial leukocyte migration. EMBO Reports. 11(10), 744–750.
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, and Michael K. Sixt. “Mechanisms of Force Generation and Force
    Transmission during Interstitial Leukocyte Migration.” <i>EMBO Reports</i>, vol.
    11, no. 10, Wiley-Blackwell, 2010, pp. 744–50, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2010.147">10.1038/embor.2010.147</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, M.K. Sixt, EMBO Reports 11 (2010) 744–750.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:08Z
date_published: 2010-09-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:53:30Z
day: '24'
doi: 10.1038/embor.2010.147
extern: 1
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '10'
month: '09'
page: 744 - 750
publication: EMBO Reports
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2166'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Mechanisms of force generation and force transmission during interstitial leukocyte
  migration
type: journal_article
volume: 11
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '3947'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Mature dendritic cells (DCs) moving from the skin to the lymph node are a
    prototypic example of rapidly migrating amoeboid leukocytes. Interstitial DC migration
    is directionally guided by chemokines, but independent of specific adhesive interactions
    with the tissue as well as pericellular proteolysis. Instead, the protrusive flow
    of the actin cytoskeleton directly drives a basal mode of locomotion that is occasionally
    supported by actomyosin contractions at the trailing edge to propel the cell's
    rigid nucleus. We here delete the small GTPase Cdc42 in DCs and find that actin
    flow and actomyosin contraction are still initiated in response to chemotactic
    cues. Accordingly, the cells are able to polarize and form protrusions. However,
    in the absence of Cdc42 the protrusions are temporally and spatially dysregulated,
    which leads to impaired leading edge coordination. Although this defect still
    allows the cells to move on 2-dimensional surfaces, their in vivo motility is
    completely abrogated. We show that this difference is entirely caused by the geometric
    complexity of the environment, as multiple competing protrusions lead to instantaneous
    entanglement within 3-dimensional extracellular matrix scaffolds. This demonstrates
    that the decisive factor for migrating DCs is not specific interaction with the
    extracellular environment, but adequate coordination of cytoskeletal flow.
acknowledgement: |-
  We thank Sylvia Cremer for help with statistics and critical reading of the paper and Reinhard Fässler for continuous support.

  This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (Bonn, Germany), the Peter Hans Hofschneider Foundation for Experimental Biomedicine (Zürich, Switzerland), and the Max Planck Society (Munich, Germany).
author:
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Lämmermann, Tim
  last_name: Lämmermann
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Jörg Renkawitz
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Xunwei
  full_name: Wu, Xunwei
  last_name: Wu
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Hirsch, Karin
  last_name: Hirsch
- first_name: Cord
  full_name: Brakebusch, Cord
  last_name: Brakebusch
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Michael Sixt
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Lämmermann T, Renkawitz J, Wu X, Hirsch K, Brakebusch C, Sixt MK. Cdc42-dependent
    leading edge coordination is essential for interstitial dendritic cell migration
    (Plenary Paper). <i>Blood</i>. 2009;113(23):5703-5710. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882">10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882</a>
  apa: Lämmermann, T., Renkawitz, J., Wu, X., Hirsch, K., Brakebusch, C., &#38; Sixt,
    M. K. (2009). Cdc42-dependent leading edge coordination is essential for interstitial
    dendritic cell migration (Plenary Paper). <i>Blood</i>. American Society of Hematology.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882">https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882</a>
  chicago: Lämmermann, Tim, Jörg Renkawitz, Xunwei Wu, Karin Hirsch, Cord Brakebusch,
    and Michael K Sixt. “Cdc42-Dependent Leading Edge Coordination Is Essential for
    Interstitial Dendritic Cell Migration (Plenary Paper).” <i>Blood</i>. American
    Society of Hematology, 2009. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882">https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882</a>.
  ieee: T. Lämmermann, J. Renkawitz, X. Wu, K. Hirsch, C. Brakebusch, and M. K. Sixt,
    “Cdc42-dependent leading edge coordination is essential for interstitial dendritic
    cell migration (Plenary Paper),” <i>Blood</i>, vol. 113, no. 23. American Society
    of Hematology, pp. 5703–5710, 2009.
  ista: Lämmermann T, Renkawitz J, Wu X, Hirsch K, Brakebusch C, Sixt MK. 2009. Cdc42-dependent
    leading edge coordination is essential for interstitial dendritic cell migration
    (Plenary Paper). Blood. 113(23), 5703–5710.
  mla: Lämmermann, Tim, et al. “Cdc42-Dependent Leading Edge Coordination Is Essential
    for Interstitial Dendritic Cell Migration (Plenary Paper).” <i>Blood</i>, vol.
    113, no. 23, American Society of Hematology, 2009, pp. 5703–10, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882">10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882</a>.
  short: T. Lämmermann, J. Renkawitz, X. Wu, K. Hirsch, C. Brakebusch, M.K. Sixt,
    Blood 113 (2009) 5703–5710.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:03Z
date_published: 2009-06-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:53:23Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-11-191882
extern: 1
intvolume: '       113'
issue: '23'
month: '06'
page: 5703 - 5710
publication: Blood
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society of Hematology
publist_id: '2179'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Cdc42-dependent leading edge coordination is essential for interstitial dendritic
  cell migration (Plenary Paper)
type: journal_article
volume: 113
year: '2009'
...
---
_id: '3954'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The leading front of a cell can either protrude as an actin-free membrane
    bleb that is inflated by actomyosin-driven contractile forces, or as an actin-rich
    pseudopodium, a site where polymerizing actin filaments push out the membrane.
    Pushing filaments can only cause the membrane to protrude if the expanding actin
    network experiences a retrograde counter-force, which is usually provided by transmembrane
    receptors of the integrin family. Here we show that chemotactic dendritic cells
    mechanically adapt to the adhesive properties of their substrate by switching
    between integrin-mediated and integrin-independent locomotion. We found that on
    engaging the integrin-actin clutch, actin polymerization was entirely turned into
    protrusion, whereas on disengagement actin underwent slippage and retrograde flow.
    Remarkably, accelerated retrograde flow was balanced by an increased actin polymerization
    rate; therefore, cell shape and protrusion velocity remained constant on alternating
    substrates. Due to this adaptive response in polymerization dynamics, tracks of
    adhesive substrate did not dictate the path of the cells. Instead, directional
    guidance was exclusively provided by a soluble gradient of chemoattractant, which
    endowed these 'amoeboid' cells with extraordinary flexibility, enabling them to
    traverse almost every type of tissue.
acknowledgement: We thank S. Cremer for statistical analysis, K. Hirsch for technical
  assistance, D. Critchley for talin1-deficient mice and R. Fässler for integrindeficient
  mice, discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported
  by the German Research Foundation, the Peter Hans Hofschneider Foundation for Experimental
  Biomedicine, the Max Planck Society, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the
  allergology programme of the Landesstiftung Baden-Württemberg.
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Renkawitz, Jörg
  id: 3F0587C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Renkawitz
  orcid: 0000-0003-2856-3369
- first_name: Kathrin
  full_name: Schumann, Kathrin
  id: F44D762E-4F9D-11E9-B64C-9EB26CEFFB5F
  last_name: Schumann
- first_name: Michele
  full_name: Weber, Michele
  id: 3A3FC708-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Weber
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Lämmermann, Tim
  last_name: Lämmermann
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Pflicke, Holger
  last_name: Pflicke
- first_name: Matthieu
  full_name: Piel, Matthieu
  last_name: Piel
- first_name: Julien
  full_name: Polleux, Julien
  last_name: Polleux
- first_name: Joachim
  full_name: Spatz, Joachim
  last_name: Spatz
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Renkawitz J, Schumann K, Weber M, et al. Adaptive force transmission in amoeboid
    cell migration. <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. 2009;11(12):1438-1443. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1992">10.1038/ncb1992</a>
  apa: Renkawitz, J., Schumann, K., Weber, M., Lämmermann, T., Pflicke, H., Piel,
    M., … Sixt, M. K. (2009). Adaptive force transmission in amoeboid cell migration.
    <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1992">https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1992</a>
  chicago: Renkawitz, Jörg, Kathrin Schumann, Michele Weber, Tim Lämmermann, Holger
    Pflicke, Matthieu Piel, Julien Polleux, Joachim Spatz, and Michael K Sixt. “Adaptive
    Force Transmission in Amoeboid Cell Migration.” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>. Nature
    Publishing Group, 2009. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1992">https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1992</a>.
  ieee: J. Renkawitz <i>et al.</i>, “Adaptive force transmission in amoeboid cell
    migration,” <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>, vol. 11, no. 12. Nature Publishing Group,
    pp. 1438–1443, 2009.
  ista: Renkawitz J, Schumann K, Weber M, Lämmermann T, Pflicke H, Piel M, Polleux
    J, Spatz J, Sixt MK. 2009. Adaptive force transmission in amoeboid cell migration.
    Nature Cell Biology. 11(12), 1438–1443.
  mla: Renkawitz, Jörg, et al. “Adaptive Force Transmission in Amoeboid Cell Migration.”
    <i>Nature Cell Biology</i>, vol. 11, no. 12, Nature Publishing Group, 2009, pp.
    1438–43, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1992">10.1038/ncb1992</a>.
  short: J. Renkawitz, K. Schumann, M. Weber, T. Lämmermann, H. Pflicke, M. Piel,
    J. Polleux, J. Spatz, M.K. Sixt, Nature Cell Biology 11 (2009) 1438–1443.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:05Z
date_published: 2009-11-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T07:53:27Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1038/ncb1992
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 1438 - 1443
publication: Nature Cell Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '2173'
status: public
title: Adaptive force transmission in amoeboid cell migration
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 11
year: '2009'
...
