@article{14552,
  abstract     = {Interactions between plants and herbivores are central in most ecosystems, but their strength is highly variable. The amount of variability within a system is thought to influence most aspects of plant-herbivore biology, from ecological stability to plant defense evolution. Our understanding of what influences variability, however, is limited by sparse data. We collected standardized surveys of herbivory for 503 plant species at 790 sites across 116° of latitude. With these data, we show that within-population variability in herbivory increases with latitude, decreases with plant size, and is phylogenetically structured. Differences in the magnitude of variability are thus central to how plant-herbivore biology varies across macroscale gradients. We argue that increased focus on interaction variability will advance understanding of patterns of life on Earth.},
  author       = {Robinson, M. L. and Hahn, P. G. and Inouye, B. D. and Underwood, N. and Whitehead, S. R. and Abbott, K. C. and Bruna, E. M. and Cacho, N. I. and Dyer, L. A. and Abdala-Roberts, L. and Allen, W. J. and Andrade, J. F. and Angulo, D. F. and Anjos, D. and Anstett, D. N. and Bagchi, R. and Bagchi, S. and Barbosa, M. and Barrett, S. and Baskett, Carina and Ben-Simchon, E. and Bloodworth, K. J. and Bronstein, J. L. and Buckley, Y. M. and Burghardt, K. T. and Bustos-Segura, C. and Calixto, E. S. and Carvalho, R. L. and Castagneyrol, B. and Chiuffo, M. C. and Cinoğlu, D. and Cinto Mejía, E. and Cock, M. C. and Cogni, R. and Cope, O. L. and Cornelissen, T. and Cortez, D. R. and Crowder, D. W. and Dallstream, C. and Dáttilo, W. and Davis, J. K. and Dimarco, R. D. and Dole, H. E. and Egbon, I. N. and Eisenring, M. and Ejomah, A. and Elderd, B. D. and Endara, M. J. and Eubanks, M. D. and Everingham, S. E. and Farah, K. N. and Farias, R. P. and Fernandes, A. P. and Fernandes, G. W. and Ferrante, M. and Finn, A. and Florjancic, G. A. and Forister, M. L. and Fox, Q. N. and Frago, E. and França, F. M. and Getman-Pickering, A. S. and Getman-Pickering, Z. and Gianoli, E. and Gooden, B. and Gossner, M. M. and Greig, K. A. and Gripenberg, S. and Groenteman, R. and Grof-Tisza, P. and Haack, N. and Hahn, L. and Haq, S. M. and Helms, A. M. and Hennecke, J. and Hermann, S. L. and Holeski, L. M. and Holm, S. and Hutchinson, M. C. and Jackson, E. E. and Kagiya, S. and Kalske, A. and Kalwajtys, M. and Karban, R. and Kariyat, R. and Keasar, T. and Kersch-Becker, M. F. and Kharouba, H. M. and Kim, T. N. and Kimuyu, D. M. and Kluse, J. and Koerner, S. E. and Komatsu, K. J. and Krishnan, S. and Laihonen, M. and Lamelas-López, L. and Lascaleia, M. C. and Lecomte, N. and Lehn, C. R. and Li, X. and Lindroth, R. L. and Lopresti, E. F. and Losada, M. and Louthan, A. M. and Luizzi, V. J. and Lynch, S. C. and Lynn, J. S. and Lyon, N. J. and Maia, L. F. and Maia, R. A. and Mannall, T. L. and Martin, B. S. and Massad, T. J. and Mccall, A. C. and Mcgurrin, K. and Merwin, A. C. and Mijango-Ramos, Z. and Mills, C. H. and Moles, A. T. and Moore, C. M. and Moreira, X. and Morrison, C. R. and Moshobane, M. C. and Muola, A. and Nakadai, R. and Nakajima, K. and Novais, S. and Ogbebor, C. O. and Ohsaki, H. and Pan, V. S. and Pardikes, N. A. and Pareja, M. and Parthasarathy, N. and Pawar, R. R. and Paynter, Q. and Pearse, I. S. and Penczykowski, R. M. and Pepi, A. A. and Pereira, C. C. and Phartyal, S. S. and Piper, F. I. and Poveda, K. and Pringle, E. G. and Puy, J. and Quijano, T. and Quintero, C. and Rasmann, S. and Rosche, C. and Rosenheim, L. Y. and Rosenheim, J. A. and Runyon, J. B. and Sadeh, A. and Sakata, Y. and Salcido, D. M. and Salgado-Luarte, C. and Santos, B. A. and Sapir, Y. and Sasal, Y. and Sato, Y. and Sawant, M. and Schroeder, H. and Schumann, I. and Segoli, M. and Segre, H. and Shelef, O. and Shinohara, N. and Singh, R. P. and Smith, D. S. and Sobral, M. and Stotz, G. C. and Tack, A. J.M. and Tayal, M. and Tooker, J. F. and Torrico-Bazoberry, D. and Tougeron, K. and Trowbridge, A. M. and Utsumi, S. and Uyi, O. and Vaca-Uribe, J. L. and Valtonen, A. and Van Dijk, L. J.A. and Vandvik, V. and Villellas, J. and Waller, L. P. and Weber, M. G. and Yamawo, A. and Yim, S. and Zarnetske, P. L. and Zehr, L. N. and Zhong, Z. and Wetzel, W. C.},
  issn         = {1095-9203},
  journal      = {Science},
  number       = {6671},
  pages        = {679--683},
  publisher    = {AAAS},
  title        = {{Plant size, latitude, and phylogeny explain within-population variability in herbivory}},
  doi          = {10.1126/science.adh8830},
  volume       = {382},
  year         = {2023},
}

@misc{11321,
  abstract     = {Here are the research data underlying the publication "Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus" Further information are summed up in the README document. },
  author       = {Surendranadh, Parvathy and Arathoon, Louise S and Baskett, Carina and Field, David and Pickup, Melinda and Barton, Nicholas H},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus}},
  doi          = {10.15479/at:ista:11321},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{11411,
  abstract     = {Many studies have quantified the distribution of heterozygosity and relatedness in natural populations, but few have examined the demographic processes driving these patterns. In this study, we take a novel approach by studying how population structure affects both pairwise identity and the distribution of heterozygosity in a natural population of the self-incompatible plant Antirrhinum majus. Excess variance in heterozygosity between individuals is due to identity disequilibrium, which reflects the variance in inbreeding between individuals; it is measured by the statistic g2. We calculated g2 together with FST and pairwise relatedness (Fij) using 91 SNPs in 22,353 individuals collected over 11 years. We find that pairwise Fij declines rapidly over short spatial scales, and the excess variance in heterozygosity between individuals reflects significant variation in inbreeding. Additionally, we detect an excess of individuals with around half the average heterozygosity, indicating either selfing or matings between close relatives. We use 2 types of simulation to ask whether variation in heterozygosity is consistent with fine-scale spatial population structure. First, by simulating offspring using parents drawn from a range of spatial scales, we show that the known pollen dispersal kernel explains g2. Second, we simulate a 1,000-generation pedigree using the known dispersal and spatial distribution and find that the resulting g2 is consistent with that observed from the field data. In contrast, a simulated population with uniform density underestimates g2, indicating that heterogeneous density promotes identity disequilibrium. Our study shows that heterogeneous density and leptokurtic dispersal can together explain the distribution of heterozygosity.},
  author       = {Surendranadh, Parvathy and Arathoon, Louise S and Baskett, Carina and Field, David and Pickup, Melinda and Barton, Nicholas H},
  issn         = {1943-2631},
  journal      = {Genetics},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  title        = {{Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus}},
  doi          = {10.1093/genetics/iyac083},
  volume       = {221},
  year         = {2022},
}

@misc{9192,
  abstract     = {Here are the research data underlying the publication " Effects of fine-scale population structure on inbreeding in a long-term study of snapdragons (Antirrhinum majus)." Further information are summed up in the README document.},
  author       = {Surendranadh, Parvathy and Arathoon, Louise S and Baskett, Carina and Field, David and Pickup, Melinda and Barton, Nicholas H},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT:ISTA:9192},
  year         = {2021},
}

@article{7236,
  abstract     = {The biotic interactions hypothesis posits that biotic interactions are more important drivers of adaptation closer to the equator, evidenced by “stronger” contemporary interactions (e.g. greater interaction rates) and/or patterns of trait evolution consistent with a history of stronger interactions. Support for the hypothesis is mixed, but few studies span tropical and temperate regions while experimentally controlling for evolutionary history. Here, we integrate field observations and common garden experiments to quantify the relative importance of pollination and herbivory in a pair of tropical‐temperate congeneric perennial herbs. Phytolacca rivinoides and P. americana are pioneer species native to the Neotropics and the eastern USA, respectively. We compared plant‐pollinator and plant‐herbivore interactions between three tropical populations of P. rivinoides from Costa Rica and three temperate populations of P. americana from its northern range edge in Michigan and Ohio. For some metrics of interaction importance, we also included three subtropical populations of P. americana from its southern range edge in Florida. This approach confounds species and region but allows us, uniquely, to measure complementary proxies of interaction importance across a tropical‐temperate range in one system. To test the prediction that lower‐latitude plants are more reliant on insect pollinators, we quantified floral display and reward, insect visitation rates, and self‐pollination ability (autogamy). To test the prediction that lower‐latitude plants experience more herbivore pressure, we quantified herbivory rates, herbivore abundance, and leaf palatability. We found evidence supporting the biotic interactions hypothesis for most comparisons between P. rivinoides and north‐temperate P. americana (floral display, insect visitation, autogamy, herbivory, herbivore abundance, and young‐leaf palatability). Results for subtropical P. americana populations, however, were typically not intermediate between P. rivinoides and north‐temperate P. americana, as would be predicted by a linear latitudinal gradient in interaction importance. Subtropical young‐leaf palatability was intermediate, but subtropical mature leaves were the least palatable, and pollination‐related traits did not differ between temperate and subtropical regions. These nonlinear patterns of interaction importance suggest future work to relate interaction importance to climatic or biotic thresholds. In sum, we found that the biotic interactions hypothesis was more consistently supported at the larger spatial scale of our study.},
  author       = {Baskett, Carina and Schroeder, Lucy and Weber, Marjorie G. and Schemske, Douglas W.},
  issn         = {1557-7015},
  journal      = {Ecological Monographs},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Multiple metrics of latitudinal patterns in insect pollination and herbivory for a tropical‐temperate congener pair}},
  doi          = {10.1002/ecm.1397},
  volume       = {90},
  year         = {2020},
}