---
_id: '14613'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Many insects carry an ancient X chromosome - the Drosophila Muller element
F - that likely predates their origin. Interestingly, the X has undergone turnover
in multiple fly species (Diptera) after being conserved for more than 450 MY.
The long evolutionary distance between Diptera and other sequenced insect clades
makes it difficult to infer what could have contributed to this sudden increase
in rate of turnover. Here, we produce the first genome and transcriptome of a
long overlooked sister-order to Diptera: Mecoptera. We compare the scorpionfly
Panorpa cognata X-chromosome gene content, expression, and structure, to that
of several dipteran species as well as more distantly-related insect orders (Orthoptera
and Blattodea). We find high conservation of gene content between the mecopteran
X and the dipteran Muller F element, as well as several shared biological features,
such as the presence of dosage compensation and a low amount of genetic diversity,
consistent with a low recombination rate. However, the two homologous X chromosomes
differ strikingly in their size and number of genes they carry. Our results therefore
support a common ancestry of the mecopteran and ancestral dipteran X chromosomes,
and suggest that Muller element F shrank in size and gene content after the split
of Diptera and Mecoptera, which may have contributed to its turnover in dipteran
insects.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "We thank the Vicoso lab for their assistance with specimen collection,
and Tim Connallon for valuable comments and suggestions on earlier versions of the
manuscript. Computational resources and support were provided by the Scientific
Computing unit at the ISTA. This research was supported by grants from the Austrian
Science Foundation to C.L.\r\n(FWF ESP 39), and to B.V. (FWF SFB F88-10)."
article_number: msad245
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Clementine
full_name: Lasne, Clementine
id: 02225f57-50d2-11eb-9ed8-8c92b9a34237
last_name: Lasne
orcid: 0000-0002-1197-8616
- first_name: Marwan N
full_name: Elkrewi, Marwan N
id: 0B46FACA-A8E1-11E9-9BD3-79D1E5697425
last_name: Elkrewi
orcid: 0000-0002-5328-7231
- first_name: Melissa A
full_name: Toups, Melissa A
id: 4E099E4E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Toups
orcid: 0000-0002-9752-7380
- first_name: Lorena Alexandra
full_name: Layana Franco, Lorena Alexandra
id: 02814589-eb8f-11eb-b029-a70074f3f18f
last_name: Layana Franco
orcid: 0000-0002-1253-6297
- first_name: Ariana
full_name: Macon, Ariana
id: 2A0848E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Macon
- first_name: Beatriz
full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz
id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vicoso
orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306
citation:
ama: Lasne C, Elkrewi MN, Toups MA, Layana Franco LA, Macon A, Vicoso B. The scorpionfly
(Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved and derived features of the peculiar
dipteran X chromosome. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2023;40(12). doi:10.1093/molbev/msad245
apa: Lasne, C., Elkrewi, M. N., Toups, M. A., Layana Franco, L. A., Macon, A., &
Vicoso, B. (2023). The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved
and derived features of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome. Molecular Biology
and Evolution. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msad245
chicago: Lasne, Clementine, Marwan N Elkrewi, Melissa A Toups, Lorena Alexandra
Layana Franco, Ariana Macon, and Beatriz Vicoso. “The Scorpionfly (Panorpa Cognata)
Genome Highlights Conserved and Derived Features of the Peculiar Dipteran X Chromosome.”
Molecular Biology and Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msad245.
ieee: C. Lasne, M. N. Elkrewi, M. A. Toups, L. A. Layana Franco, A. Macon, and B.
Vicoso, “The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved and derived
features of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome,” Molecular Biology and Evolution,
vol. 40, no. 12. Oxford University Press, 2023.
ista: Lasne C, Elkrewi MN, Toups MA, Layana Franco LA, Macon A, Vicoso B. 2023.
The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved and derived features
of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 40(12),
msad245.
mla: Lasne, Clementine, et al. “The Scorpionfly (Panorpa Cognata) Genome Highlights
Conserved and Derived Features of the Peculiar Dipteran X Chromosome.” Molecular
Biology and Evolution, vol. 40, no. 12, msad245, Oxford University Press,
2023, doi:10.1093/molbev/msad245.
short: C. Lasne, M.N. Elkrewi, M.A. Toups, L.A. Layana Franco, A. Macon, B. Vicoso,
Molecular Biology and Evolution 40 (2023).
date_created: 2023-11-27T16:14:37Z
date_published: 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T12:18:35Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.1093/molbev/msad245
external_id:
pmid:
- '37988296'
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creator: dernst
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success: 1
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intvolume: ' 40'
issue: '12'
keyword:
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Ecology
- Evolution
- Behavior and Systematics
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 34ae1506-11ca-11ed-8bc3-c14f4c474396
grant_number: F8810
name: The highjacking of meiosis for asexual reproduction
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grant_number: ESP39 49461
name: Mechanisms and Evolution of Reproductive Plasticity
publication: Molecular Biology and Evolution
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1537-1719
issn:
- 0737-4038
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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- description: News on ISTA webpage
relation: press_release
url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/on-the-hunt/
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status: public
title: The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved and derived features
of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
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...
---
_id: '14614'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Many insects carry an ancient X chromosome—the Drosophila Muller element
F—that likely predates their origin. Interestingly, the X has undergone turnover
in multiple fly species (Diptera) after being conserved for more than 450 My.
The long evolutionary distance between Diptera and other sequenced insect clades
makes it difficult to infer what could have contributed to this sudden increase
in rate of turnover. Here, we produce the first genome and transcriptome of scorpionflies
(genus Panorpa), an insect belonging to a long overlooked sister-order to Diptera:
Mecoptera. Combining our genome assembly with genomic short-read data, we obtain
genome coverage and identify X-linked super-scaffolds. We further perform a gene
homology analysis between the Panorpa X and a closely related Diptera species,
and we assess the conservation of the Panorpa X-linked gene content with that
of more distantly related insect species. We explored the structure of the Panorpa
X by determining its repeat content, GC content, and nucleotide diversity. Finally,
we used RNAseq data to detect the presence of dosage compensation in somatic tissues,
as well as to explore gene expression tissue-specificity, and sex-bias in gene
expression. We find high conservation of gene content between the mecopteran X
and the dipteran Muller F element, as well as several shared biological features,
such as the presence of dosage compensation and a low amount of genetic diversity,
consistent with a low recombination rate. However, the 2 homologous X chromosomes
differ strikingly in their size and number of genes they carry. Our results therefore
support a common ancestry of the mecopteran and ancestral dipteran X chromosomes,
and suggest that Muller element F shrank in size and gene content after the split
of Diptera and Mecoptera, which may have contributed to its turnover in dipteran
insects.'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Clementine
full_name: Lasne, Clementine
id: 02225f57-50d2-11eb-9ed8-8c92b9a34237
last_name: Lasne
orcid: 0000-0002-1197-8616
- first_name: Marwan N
full_name: Elkrewi, Marwan N
id: 0B46FACA-A8E1-11E9-9BD3-79D1E5697425
last_name: Elkrewi
orcid: 0000-0002-5328-7231
citation:
ama: Lasne C, Elkrewi MN. The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved
and derived features of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome. 2023. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:14614
apa: Lasne, C., & Elkrewi, M. N. (2023). The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome
highlights conserved and derived features of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:14614
chicago: Lasne, Clementine, and Marwan N Elkrewi. “The Scorpionfly (Panorpa Cognata)
Genome Highlights Conserved and Derived Features of the Peculiar Dipteran X Chromosome.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:14614.
ieee: C. Lasne and M. N. Elkrewi, “The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights
conserved and derived features of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.
ista: Lasne C, Elkrewi MN. 2023. The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights
conserved and derived features of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:14614.
mla: Lasne, Clementine, and Marwan N. Elkrewi. The Scorpionfly (Panorpa Cognata)
Genome Highlights Conserved and Derived Features of the Peculiar Dipteran X Chromosome.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:14614.
short: C. Lasne, M.N. Elkrewi, (2023).
contributor:
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Marwan N
id: 0B46FACA-A8E1-11E9-9BD3-79D1E5697425
last_name: Elkrewi
orcid: 0000-0002-5328-7231
date_created: 2023-11-27T16:39:19Z
date_published: 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T12:18:35Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:14614
file:
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checksum: cd0f13322b5156819ecaebd2bc8e7d12
content_type: application/zip
creator: clasne
date_created: 2023-11-28T13:15:26Z
date_updated: 2023-11-28T13:15:26Z
file_id: '14625'
file_name: panorpaX.zip
file_size: 404968272
relation: main_file
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content_type: text/plain
creator: clasne
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date_updated: 2023-11-30T14:16:59Z
file_id: '14634'
file_name: panorpa_readme.txt
file_size: 2625
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-11-30T14:16:59Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Panorpa
- scorpionfly
- genome
- transcriptome
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '14613'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: The scorpionfly (Panorpa cognata) genome highlights conserved and derived features
of the peculiar dipteran X chromosome
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
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...