---
_id: '10860'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A tight frame is the orthogonal projection of some orthonormal basis of Rn
    onto Rk. We show that a set of vectors is a tight frame if and only if the set
    of all cross products of these vectors is a tight frame. We reformulate a range
    of problems on the volume of projections (or sections) of regular polytopes in
    terms of tight frames and write a first-order necessary condition for local extrema
    of these problems. As applications, we prove new results for the problem of maximization
    of the volume of zonotopes.
acknowledgement: The author was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation
  grant 200021_179133. The author acknowledges the financial support from the Ministry
  of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the framework of MegaGrant
  no. 075-15-2019-1926.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Grigory
  full_name: Ivanov, Grigory
  id: 87744F66-5C6F-11EA-AFE0-D16B3DDC885E
  last_name: Ivanov
citation:
  ama: Ivanov G. Tight frames and related geometric problems. <i>Canadian Mathematical
    Bulletin</i>. 2021;64(4):942-963. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4153/s000843952000096x">10.4153/s000843952000096x</a>
  apa: Ivanov, G. (2021). Tight frames and related geometric problems. <i>Canadian
    Mathematical Bulletin</i>. Canadian Mathematical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4153/s000843952000096x">https://doi.org/10.4153/s000843952000096x</a>
  chicago: Ivanov, Grigory. “Tight Frames and Related Geometric Problems.” <i>Canadian
    Mathematical Bulletin</i>. Canadian Mathematical Society, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4153/s000843952000096x">https://doi.org/10.4153/s000843952000096x</a>.
  ieee: G. Ivanov, “Tight frames and related geometric problems,” <i>Canadian Mathematical
    Bulletin</i>, vol. 64, no. 4. Canadian Mathematical Society, pp. 942–963, 2021.
  ista: Ivanov G. 2021. Tight frames and related geometric problems. Canadian Mathematical
    Bulletin. 64(4), 942–963.
  mla: Ivanov, Grigory. “Tight Frames and Related Geometric Problems.” <i>Canadian
    Mathematical Bulletin</i>, vol. 64, no. 4, Canadian Mathematical Society, 2021,
    pp. 942–63, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4153/s000843952000096x">10.4153/s000843952000096x</a>.
  short: G. Ivanov, Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 64 (2021) 942–963.
date_created: 2022-03-18T09:55:59Z
date_published: 2021-12-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T12:43:09Z
day: '18'
department:
- _id: UlWa
doi: 10.4153/s000843952000096x
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1804.10055'
  isi:
  - '000730165300021'
intvolume: '        64'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
keyword:
- General Mathematics
- Tight frame
- Grassmannian
- zonotope
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.10055
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 942-963
publication: Canadian Mathematical Bulletin
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1496-4287
  issn:
  - 0008-4395
publication_status: published
publisher: Canadian Mathematical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Tight frames and related geometric problems
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 64
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10912'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Brain dynamics display collective phenomena as diverse as neuronal oscillations
    and avalanches. Oscillations are rhythmic, with fluctuations occurring at a characteristic
    scale, whereas avalanches are scale-free cascades of neural activity. Here we
    show that such antithetic features can coexist in a very generic class of adaptive
    neural networks. In the most simple yet fully microscopic model from this class
    we make direct contact with human brain resting-state activity recordings via
    tractable inference of the model's two essential parameters. The inferred model
    quantitatively captures the dynamics over a broad range of scales, from single
    sensor fluctuations, collective behaviors of nearly-synchronous extreme events
    on multiple sensors, to neuronal avalanches unfolding over multiple sensors across
    multiple time-bins. Importantly, the inferred parameters correlate with model-independent
    signatures of "closeness to criticality", suggesting that the coexistence of scale-specific
    (neural oscillations) and scale-free (neuronal avalanches) dynamics in brain activity
    occurs close to a non-equilibrium critical point at the onset of self-sustained
    oscillations.
acknowledgement: "FL acknowledges support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754411.
  GT\r\nacknowledges the support of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under Stand-Alone
  Grant\r\nNo. P34015."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Fabrizio
  full_name: Lombardi, Fabrizio
  id: A057D288-3E88-11E9-986D-0CF4E5697425
  last_name: Lombardi
  orcid: 0000-0003-2623-5249
- first_name: Selver
  full_name: Pepic, Selver
  id: F93245C4-C3CA-11E9-B4F0-C6F4E5697425
  last_name: Pepic
- first_name: Oren
  full_name: Shriki, Oren
  last_name: Shriki
- first_name: Gašper
  full_name: Tkačik, Gašper
  id: 3D494DCA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Tkačik
  orcid: 0000-0002-6699-1455
- first_name: Daniele
  full_name: De Martino, Daniele
  last_name: De Martino
citation:
  ama: Lombardi F, Pepic S, Shriki O, Tkačik G, De Martino D. Quantifying the coexistence
    of neuronal oscillations and avalanches. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686">10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686</a>
  apa: Lombardi, F., Pepic, S., Shriki, O., Tkačik, G., &#38; De Martino, D. (n.d.).
    Quantifying the coexistence of neuronal oscillations and avalanches. arXiv. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686">https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686</a>
  chicago: Lombardi, Fabrizio, Selver Pepic, Oren Shriki, Gašper Tkačik, and Daniele
    De Martino. “Quantifying the Coexistence of Neuronal Oscillations and Avalanches.”
    arXiv, n.d. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686">https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686</a>.
  ieee: F. Lombardi, S. Pepic, O. Shriki, G. Tkačik, and D. De Martino, “Quantifying
    the coexistence of neuronal oscillations and avalanches.” arXiv.
  ista: Lombardi F, Pepic S, Shriki O, Tkačik G, De Martino D. Quantifying the coexistence
    of neuronal oscillations and avalanches. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686">10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686</a>.
  mla: Lombardi, Fabrizio, et al. <i>Quantifying the Coexistence of Neuronal Oscillations
    and Avalanches</i>. arXiv, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686">10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686</a>.
  short: F. Lombardi, S. Pepic, O. Shriki, G. Tkačik, D. De Martino, (n.d.).
date_created: 2022-03-21T11:41:28Z
date_published: 2021-08-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-22T07:53:18Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.48550/ARXIV.2108.06686
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2108.06686'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.06686
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: '37'
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: 626c45b5-2b32-11ec-9570-e509828c1ba6
  grant_number: P34015
  name: Efficient coding with biophysical realism
publication_status: submitted
publisher: arXiv
status: public
title: Quantifying the coexistence of neuronal oscillations and avalanches
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11053'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Understanding basic mechanisms of aging holds great promise for developing
    interventions that prevent or delay many age-related declines and diseases simultaneously
    to increase human healthspan. However, a major confounding factor in aging research
    is the heterogeneity of the aging process itself. At the organismal level, it
    is clear that chronological age does not always predict biological age or susceptibility
    to frailty or pathology. While genetics and environment are major factors driving
    variable rates of aging, additional complexity arises because different organs,
    tissues, and cell types are intrinsically heterogeneous and exhibit different
    aging trajectories normally or in response to the stresses of the aging process
    (e.g., damage accumulation). Tackling the heterogeneity of aging requires new
    and specialized tools (e.g., single-cell analyses, mass spectrometry-based approaches,
    and advanced imaging) to identify novel signatures of aging across scales. Cutting-edge
    computational approaches are then needed to integrate these disparate datasets
    and elucidate network interactions between known aging hallmarks. There is also
    a need for improved, human cell-based models of aging to ensure that basic research
    findings are relevant to human aging and healthspan interventions. The San Diego
    Nathan Shock Center (SD-NSC) provides access to cutting-edge scientific resources
    to facilitate the study of the heterogeneity of aging in general and to promote
    the use of novel human cell models of aging. The center also has a robust Research
    Development Core that funds pilot projects on the heterogeneity of aging and organizes
    innovative training activities, including workshops and a personalized mentoring
    program, to help investigators new to the aging field succeed. Finally, the SD-NSC
    participates in outreach activities to educate the general community about the
    importance of aging research and promote the need for basic biology of aging research
    in particular.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Gerald S.
  full_name: Shadel, Gerald S.
  last_name: Shadel
- first_name: Peter D.
  full_name: Adams, Peter D.
  last_name: Adams
- first_name: W. Travis
  full_name: Berggren, W. Travis
  last_name: Berggren
- first_name: Jolene K.
  full_name: Diedrich, Jolene K.
  last_name: Diedrich
- first_name: Kenneth E.
  full_name: Diffenderfer, Kenneth E.
  last_name: Diffenderfer
- first_name: Fred H.
  full_name: Gage, Fred H.
  last_name: Gage
- first_name: Nasun
  full_name: Hah, Nasun
  last_name: Hah
- first_name: Malene
  full_name: Hansen, Malene
  last_name: Hansen
- first_name: Martin W
  full_name: HETZER, Martin W
  id: 86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed
  last_name: HETZER
  orcid: 0000-0002-2111-992X
- first_name: Anthony J. A.
  full_name: Molina, Anthony J. A.
  last_name: Molina
- first_name: Uri
  full_name: Manor, Uri
  last_name: Manor
- first_name: Kurt
  full_name: Marek, Kurt
  last_name: Marek
- first_name: David D.
  full_name: O’Keefe, David D.
  last_name: O’Keefe
- first_name: Antonio F. M.
  full_name: Pinto, Antonio F. M.
  last_name: Pinto
- first_name: Alessandra
  full_name: Sacco, Alessandra
  last_name: Sacco
- first_name: Tatyana O.
  full_name: Sharpee, Tatyana O.
  last_name: Sharpee
- first_name: Maxim N.
  full_name: Shokriev, Maxim N.
  last_name: Shokriev
- first_name: Stefania
  full_name: Zambetti, Stefania
  last_name: Zambetti
citation:
  ama: 'Shadel GS, Adams PD, Berggren WT, et al. The San Diego Nathan Shock Center:
    Tackling the heterogeneity of aging. <i>GeroScience</i>. 2021;43(5):2139-2148.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x">10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x</a>'
  apa: 'Shadel, G. S., Adams, P. D., Berggren, W. T., Diedrich, J. K., Diffenderfer,
    K. E., Gage, F. H., … Zambetti, S. (2021). The San Diego Nathan Shock Center:
    Tackling the heterogeneity of aging. <i>GeroScience</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x</a>'
  chicago: 'Shadel, Gerald S., Peter D. Adams, W. Travis Berggren, Jolene K. Diedrich,
    Kenneth E. Diffenderfer, Fred H. Gage, Nasun Hah, et al. “The San Diego Nathan
    Shock Center: Tackling the Heterogeneity of Aging.” <i>GeroScience</i>. Springer
    Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x</a>.'
  ieee: 'G. S. Shadel <i>et al.</i>, “The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling
    the heterogeneity of aging,” <i>GeroScience</i>, vol. 43, no. 5. Springer Nature,
    pp. 2139–2148, 2021.'
  ista: 'Shadel GS, Adams PD, Berggren WT, Diedrich JK, Diffenderfer KE, Gage FH,
    Hah N, Hansen M, Hetzer M, Molina AJA, Manor U, Marek K, O’Keefe DD, Pinto AFM,
    Sacco A, Sharpee TO, Shokriev MN, Zambetti S. 2021. The San Diego Nathan Shock
    Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging. GeroScience. 43(5), 2139–2148.'
  mla: 'Shadel, Gerald S., et al. “The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the
    Heterogeneity of Aging.” <i>GeroScience</i>, vol. 43, no. 5, Springer Nature,
    2021, pp. 2139–48, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x">10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x</a>.'
  short: G.S. Shadel, P.D. Adams, W.T. Berggren, J.K. Diedrich, K.E. Diffenderfer,
    F.H. Gage, N. Hah, M. Hansen, M. Hetzer, A.J.A. Molina, U. Manor, K. Marek, D.D.
    O’Keefe, A.F.M. Pinto, A. Sacco, T.O. Sharpee, M.N. Shokriev, S. Zambetti, GeroScience
    43 (2021) 2139–2148.
date_created: 2022-04-07T07:43:25Z
date_published: 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-18T08:27:24Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '34370163'
intvolume: '        43'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Aging
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599742/
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2139-2148
pmid: 1
publication: GeroScience
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2509-2715
  - 2509-2723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging'
type: journal_article
user_id: 72615eeb-f1f3-11ec-aa25-d4573ddc34fd
volume: 43
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11436'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Asynchronous distributed algorithms are a popular way to reduce synchronization
    costs in large-scale optimization, and in particular for neural network training.
    However, for nonsmooth and nonconvex objectives, few convergence guarantees exist
    beyond cases where closed-form proximal operator solutions are available. As training
    most popular deep neural networks corresponds to optimizing nonsmooth and nonconvex
    objectives, there is a pressing need for such convergence guarantees. In this
    paper, we analyze for the first time the convergence of stochastic asynchronous
    optimization for this general class of objectives. In particular, we focus on
    stochastic subgradient methods allowing for block variable partitioning, where
    the shared model is asynchronously updated by concurrent processes. To this end,
    we use a probabilistic model which captures key features of real asynchronous
    scheduling between concurrent processes. Under this model, we establish convergence
    with probability one to an invariant set for stochastic subgradient methods with
    momentum. From a practical perspective, one issue with the family of algorithms
    that we consider is that they are not efficiently supported by machine learning
    frameworks, which mostly focus on distributed data-parallel strategies. To address
    this, we propose a new implementation strategy for shared-memory based training
    of deep neural networks for a partitioned but shared model in single- and multi-GPU
    settings. Based on this implementation, we achieve on average1.2x speed-up in
    comparison to state-of-the-art training methods for popular image classification
    tasks, without compromising accuracy.
acknowledgement: Vyacheslav Kungurtsev was supported by the OP VVV project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16
  019/0000765 “Research Center for Informatics. Bapi Chatterjee was supported by the
  European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie
  Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 754411 (ISTPlus). Dan Alistarh has received
  funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon
  2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 805223 ScaleML).
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Vyacheslav
  full_name: Kungurtsev, Vyacheslav
  last_name: Kungurtsev
- first_name: Malcolm
  full_name: Egan, Malcolm
  last_name: Egan
- first_name: Bapi
  full_name: Chatterjee, Bapi
  id: 3C41A08A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
citation:
  ama: 'Kungurtsev V, Egan M, Chatterjee B, Alistarh D-A. Asynchronous optimization
    methods for efficient training of deep neural networks with guarantees. In: <i>35th
    AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021</i>. Vol 35. AAAI Press;
    2021:8209-8216.'
  apa: 'Kungurtsev, V., Egan, M., Chatterjee, B., &#38; Alistarh, D.-A. (2021). Asynchronous
    optimization methods for efficient training of deep neural networks with guarantees.
    In <i>35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021</i> (Vol. 35,
    pp. 8209–8216). Virtual, Online: AAAI Press.'
  chicago: Kungurtsev, Vyacheslav, Malcolm Egan, Bapi Chatterjee, and Dan-Adrian Alistarh.
    “Asynchronous Optimization Methods for Efficient Training of Deep Neural Networks
    with Guarantees.” In <i>35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI
    2021</i>, 35:8209–16. AAAI Press, 2021.
  ieee: V. Kungurtsev, M. Egan, B. Chatterjee, and D.-A. Alistarh, “Asynchronous optimization
    methods for efficient training of deep neural networks with guarantees,” in <i>35th
    AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021</i>, Virtual, Online, 2021,
    vol. 35, no. 9B, pp. 8209–8216.
  ista: 'Kungurtsev V, Egan M, Chatterjee B, Alistarh D-A. 2021. Asynchronous optimization
    methods for efficient training of deep neural networks with guarantees. 35th AAAI
    Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021. AAAI: Conference on Artificial
    Intelligence vol. 35, 8209–8216.'
  mla: Kungurtsev, Vyacheslav, et al. “Asynchronous Optimization Methods for Efficient
    Training of Deep Neural Networks with Guarantees.” <i>35th AAAI Conference on
    Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021</i>, vol. 35, no. 9B, AAAI Press, 2021, pp.
    8209–16.
  short: V. Kungurtsev, M. Egan, B. Chatterjee, D.-A. Alistarh, in:, 35th AAAI Conference
    on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021, AAAI Press, 2021, pp. 8209–8216.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-02-09
  location: Virtual, Online
  name: 'AAAI: Conference on Artificial Intelligence'
  start_date: 2021-02-02
date_created: 2022-06-05T22:01:52Z
date_published: 2021-05-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-07T06:53:36Z
day: '18'
department:
- _id: DaAl
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1905.11845'
intvolume: '        35'
issue: 9B
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: ' https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1905.11845'
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 8209-8216
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '805223'
  name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
publication: 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2374-3468
  isbn:
  - '9781713835974'
  issn:
  - 2159-5399
publication_status: published
publisher: AAAI Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Asynchronous optimization methods for efficient training of deep neural networks
  with guarantees
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 35
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11452'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study efficient distributed algorithms for the fundamental problem of principal
    component analysis and leading eigenvector computation on the sphere, when the
    data are randomly distributed among a set of computational nodes. We propose a
    new quantized variant of Riemannian gradient descent to solve this problem, and
    prove that the algorithm converges with high probability under a set of necessary
    spherical-convexity properties. We give bounds on the number of bits transmitted
    by the algorithm under common initialization schemes, and investigate the dependency
    on the problem dimension in each case.
acknowledgement: We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments
  and suggestions. We also thank Aurelien Lucchi and Antonio Orvieto for fruitful
  discussions at an early stage of this work. FA is partially supported by the SNSF
  under research project No. 192363 and conducted part of this work while at IST Austria
  under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
  agreement No. 805223 ScaleML). PD partly conducted this work while at IST Austria
  and was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme under the Marie
  Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 754411.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Foivos
  full_name: Alimisis, Foivos
  last_name: Alimisis
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Davies, Peter
  id: 11396234-BB50-11E9-B24C-90FCE5697425
  last_name: Davies
  orcid: 0000-0002-5646-9524
- first_name: Bart
  full_name: Vandereycken, Bart
  last_name: Vandereycken
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
citation:
  ama: 'Alimisis F, Davies P, Vandereycken B, Alistarh D-A. Distributed principal
    component analysis with limited communication. In: <i>Advances in Neural Information
    Processing Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>.
    Vol 4. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation; 2021:2823-2834.'
  apa: 'Alimisis, F., Davies, P., Vandereycken, B., &#38; Alistarh, D.-A. (2021).
    Distributed principal component analysis with limited communication. In <i>Advances
    in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i> (Vol. 4, pp. 2823–2834). Virtual, Online: Neural Information
    Processing Systems Foundation.'
  chicago: Alimisis, Foivos, Peter Davies, Bart Vandereycken, and Dan-Adrian Alistarh.
    “Distributed Principal Component Analysis with Limited Communication.” In <i>Advances
    in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i>, 4:2823–34. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation,
    2021.
  ieee: F. Alimisis, P. Davies, B. Vandereycken, and D.-A. Alistarh, “Distributed
    principal component analysis with limited communication,” in <i>Advances in Neural
    Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems</i>, Virtual, Online, 2021, vol. 4, pp. 2823–2834.
  ista: 'Alimisis F, Davies P, Vandereycken B, Alistarh D-A. 2021. Distributed principal
    component analysis with limited communication. Advances in Neural Information
    Processing Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems.
    NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 4, 2823–2834.'
  mla: Alimisis, Foivos, et al. “Distributed Principal Component Analysis with Limited
    Communication.” <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference
    on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>, vol. 4, Neural Information Processing
    Systems Foundation, 2021, pp. 2823–34.
  short: F. Alimisis, P. Davies, B. Vandereycken, D.-A. Alistarh, in:, Advances in
    Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems, Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2021, pp.
    2823–2834.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-12-14
  location: Virtual, Online
  name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
  start_date: 2021-12-06
date_created: 2022-06-19T22:01:58Z
date_published: 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-20T08:31:52Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: DaAl
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2110.14391'
intvolume: '         4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2021/file/1680e9fa7b4dd5d62ece800239bb53bd-Paper.pdf
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2823-2834
project:
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '805223'
  name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
publication: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference on
  Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781713845393'
  issn:
  - 1049-5258
publication_status: published
publisher: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distributed principal component analysis with limited communication
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 4
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11453'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Neuronal computations depend on synaptic connectivity and intrinsic electrophysiological
    properties. Synaptic connectivity determines which inputs from presynaptic neurons
    are integrated, while cellular properties determine how inputs are filtered over
    time. Unlike their biological counterparts, most computational approaches to learning
    in simulated neural networks are limited to changes in synaptic connectivity.
    However, if intrinsic parameters change, neural computations are altered drastically.
    Here, we include the parameters that determine the intrinsic properties,\r\ne.g.,
    time constants and reset potential, into the learning paradigm. Using sparse feedback
    signals that indicate target spike times, and gradient-based parameter updates,
    we show that the intrinsic parameters can be learned along with the synaptic weights
    to produce specific input-output functions. Specifically, we use a teacher-student
    paradigm in which a randomly initialised leaky integrate-and-fire or resonate-and-fire
    neuron must recover the parameters of a teacher neuron. We show that complex temporal
    functions can be learned online and without backpropagation through time, relying
    on event-based updates only. Our results are a step towards online learning of
    neural computations from ungraded and unsigned sparse feedback signals with a
    biologically inspired learning mechanism."
acknowledgement: We would like to thank Professor Dr. Henning Sprekeler for his valuable
  suggestions and Dr. Andrew Saxe, Milan Klöwer and Anna Wallis for their constructive
  feedback on the manuscript. Lukas Braun was supported by the Network of European
  Neuroscience Schools through their NENS Exchange Grant program, by the European
  Union through their European Community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University
  Students, the Woodward Scholarship awarded by Wadham College, Oxford and the Medical
  Research Council [MR/N013468/1]. Tim P. Vogels was supported by a Wellcome Trust
  Senior Research Fellowship [214316/Z/18/Z].
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lukas
  full_name: Braun, Lukas
  last_name: Braun
- first_name: Tim P
  full_name: Vogels, Tim P
  id: CB6FF8D2-008F-11EA-8E08-2637E6697425
  last_name: Vogels
  orcid: 0000-0003-3295-6181
citation:
  ama: 'Braun L, Vogels TP. Online learning of neural computations from sparse temporal
    feedback. In: <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference
    on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>. Vol 20. Neural Information Processing
    Systems Foundation; 2021:16437-16450.'
  apa: 'Braun, L., &#38; Vogels, T. P. (2021). Online learning of neural computations
    from sparse temporal feedback. In <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing
    Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i> (Vol. 20,
    pp. 16437–16450). Virtual, Online: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation.'
  chicago: Braun, Lukas, and Tim P Vogels. “Online Learning of Neural Computations
    from Sparse Temporal Feedback.” In <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing
    Systems - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>, 20:16437–50.
    Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2021.
  ieee: L. Braun and T. P. Vogels, “Online learning of neural computations from sparse
    temporal feedback,” in <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems -
    35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>, Virtual, Online,
    2021, vol. 20, pp. 16437–16450.
  ista: 'Braun L, Vogels TP. 2021. Online learning of neural computations from sparse
    temporal feedback. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference
    on Neural Information Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing
    Systems vol. 20, 16437–16450.'
  mla: Braun, Lukas, and Tim P. Vogels. “Online Learning of Neural Computations from
    Sparse Temporal Feedback.” <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
    - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>, vol. 20, Neural
    Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2021, pp. 16437–50.
  short: L. Braun, T.P. Vogels, in:, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
    - 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Neural Information
    Processing Systems Foundation, 2021, pp. 16437–16450.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-12-14
  location: Virtual, Online
  name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
  start_date: 2021-12-06
date_created: 2022-06-19T22:01:59Z
date_published: 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-20T07:12:58Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: TiVo
intvolume: '        20'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2021/file/88e1ce84f9feef5a08d0df0334c53468-Paper.pdf
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 16437-16450
project:
- _id: c084a126-5a5b-11eb-8a69-d75314a70a87
  grant_number: 214316/Z/18/Z
  name: What’s in a memory? Spatiotemporal dynamics in strongly coupled recurrent
    neuronal networks.
publication: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems - 35th Conference on
  Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781713845393'
  issn:
  - 1049-5258
publication_status: published
publisher: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Online learning of neural computations from sparse temporal feedback
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 20
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11458'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The increasing computational requirements of deep neural networks (DNNs)
    have led to significant interest in obtaining DNN models that are sparse, yet
    accurate. Recent work has investigated the even harder case of sparse training,
    where the DNN weights are, for as much as possible, already sparse to reduce computational
    costs during training. Existing sparse training methods are often empirical and
    can have lower accuracy relative to the dense baseline. In this paper, we present
    a general approach called Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed (AC/DC) training
    of DNNs, demonstrate convergence for a variant of the algorithm, and show that
    AC/DC outperforms existing sparse training methods in accuracy at similar computational
    budgets; at high sparsity levels, AC/DC even outperforms existing methods that
    rely on accurate pre-trained dense models. An important property of AC/DC is that
    it allows co-training of dense and sparse models, yielding accurate sparse–dense
    model pairs at the end of the training process. This is useful in practice, where
    compressed variants may be desirable for deployment in resource-constrained settings
    without re-doing the entire training flow, and also provides us with insights
    into the accuracy gap between dense and compressed models. The code is available
    at: https://github.com/IST-DASLab/ACDC.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the European Research Council
  (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
  (grant agreement No 805223 ScaleML), and a CNRS PEPS grant. This research was supported
  by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided
  by Scientific Computing (SciComp). We would also like to thank Christoph Lampert
  for his feedback on an earlier version of this work, as well as for providing hardware
  for the Transformer-XL experiments.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Elena-Alexandra
  full_name: Peste, Elena-Alexandra
  id: 32D78294-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Peste
- first_name: Eugenia B
  full_name: Iofinova, Eugenia B
  id: f9a17499-f6e0-11ea-865d-fdf9a3f77117
  last_name: Iofinova
  orcid: 0000-0002-7778-3221
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Vladu, Adrian
  last_name: Vladu
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
citation:
  ama: 'Peste E-A, Iofinova EB, Vladu A, Alistarh D-A. AC/DC: Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed
    training of deep neural networks. In: <i>35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i>. Vol 34. Curran Associates; 2021:8557-8570.'
  apa: 'Peste, E.-A., Iofinova, E. B., Vladu, A., &#38; Alistarh, D.-A. (2021). AC/DC:
    Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed training of deep neural networks. In <i>35th
    Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i> (Vol. 34, pp. 8557–8570).
    Virtual, Online: Curran Associates.'
  chicago: 'Peste, Elena-Alexandra, Eugenia B Iofinova, Adrian Vladu, and Dan-Adrian
    Alistarh. “AC/DC: Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed Training of Deep Neural
    Networks.” In <i>35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>,
    34:8557–70. Curran Associates, 2021.'
  ieee: 'E.-A. Peste, E. B. Iofinova, A. Vladu, and D.-A. Alistarh, “AC/DC: Alternating
    Compressed/DeCompressed training of deep neural networks,” in <i>35th Conference
    on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>, Virtual, Online, 2021, vol. 34,
    pp. 8557–8570.'
  ista: 'Peste E-A, Iofinova EB, Vladu A, Alistarh D-A. 2021. AC/DC: Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed
    training of deep neural networks. 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 34, 8557–8570.'
  mla: 'Peste, Elena-Alexandra, et al. “AC/DC: Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed
    Training of Deep Neural Networks.” <i>35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems</i>, vol. 34, Curran Associates, 2021, pp. 8557–70.'
  short: E.-A. Peste, E.B. Iofinova, A. Vladu, D.-A. Alistarh, in:, 35th Conference
    on Neural Information Processing Systems, Curran Associates, 2021, pp. 8557–8570.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-12-14
  location: Virtual, Online
  name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
  start_date: 2021-12-06
date_created: 2022-06-20T12:11:53Z
date_published: 2021-12-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-01T12:54:45Z
day: '6'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaAl
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2106.12379'
intvolume: '        34'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2021/file/48000647b315f6f00f913caa757a70b3-Paper.pdf
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 8557-8570
project:
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '805223'
  name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
publication: 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781713845393'
  issn:
  - 1049-5258
publication_status: published
publisher: Curran Associates
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '13074'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'AC/DC: Alternating Compressed/DeCompressed training of deep neural networks'
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 34
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11463'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Efficiently approximating local curvature information of the loss function
    is a key tool for optimization and compression of deep neural networks. Yet, most
    existing methods to approximate second-order information have high computational\r\nor
    storage costs, which limits their practicality. In this work, we investigate matrix-free,
    linear-time approaches for estimating Inverse-Hessian Vector Products (IHVPs)
    for the case when the Hessian can be approximated as a sum of rank-one matrices,
    as in the classic approximation of the Hessian by the empirical Fisher matrix.
    We propose two new algorithms: the first is tailored towards network compression
    and can compute the IHVP for dimension d, if the Hessian is given as a sum of
    m rank-one matrices, using O(dm2) precomputation, O(dm) cost for computing the
    IHVP, and query cost O(m) for any single element of the inverse Hessian. The second
    algorithm targets an optimization setting, where we wish to compute the product
    between the inverse Hessian, estimated over a sliding window of optimization steps,
    and a given gradient direction, as required for preconditioned SGD. We give an
    algorithm with cost O(dm + m2) for computing the IHVP and O(dm + m3) for adding
    or removing any gradient from the sliding window. These\r\ntwo algorithms yield
    state-of-the-art results for network pruning and optimization with lower computational
    overhead relative to existing second-order methods. Implementations are available
    at [9] and [17]."
acknowledgement: We gratefully acknowledge funding the European Research Council (ERC)
  under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
  agreement No 805223 ScaleML), as well as computational support from Amazon Web Services
  (AWS) EC2.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Elias
  full_name: Frantar, Elias
  id: 09a8f98d-ec99-11ea-ae11-c063a7b7fe5f
  last_name: Frantar
- first_name: Eldar
  full_name: Kurtic, Eldar
  id: 47beb3a5-07b5-11eb-9b87-b108ec578218
  last_name: Kurtic
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
citation:
  ama: 'Frantar E, Kurtic E, Alistarh D-A. M-FAC: Efficient matrix-free approximations
    of second-order information. In: <i>35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems</i>. Vol 34. Curran Associates; 2021:14873-14886.'
  apa: 'Frantar, E., Kurtic, E., &#38; Alistarh, D.-A. (2021). M-FAC: Efficient matrix-free
    approximations of second-order information. In <i>35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i> (Vol. 34, pp. 14873–14886). Virtual, Online: Curran Associates.'
  chicago: 'Frantar, Elias, Eldar Kurtic, and Dan-Adrian Alistarh. “M-FAC: Efficient
    Matrix-Free Approximations of Second-Order Information.” In <i>35th Conference
    on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>, 34:14873–86. Curran Associates,
    2021.'
  ieee: 'E. Frantar, E. Kurtic, and D.-A. Alistarh, “M-FAC: Efficient matrix-free
    approximations of second-order information,” in <i>35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i>, Virtual, Online, 2021, vol. 34, pp. 14873–14886.'
  ista: 'Frantar E, Kurtic E, Alistarh D-A. 2021. M-FAC: Efficient matrix-free approximations
    of second-order information. 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 34, 14873–14886.'
  mla: 'Frantar, Elias, et al. “M-FAC: Efficient Matrix-Free Approximations of Second-Order
    Information.” <i>35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>,
    vol. 34, Curran Associates, 2021, pp. 14873–86.'
  short: E. Frantar, E. Kurtic, D.-A. Alistarh, in:, 35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems, Curran Associates, 2021, pp. 14873–14886.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-12-14
  location: Virtual, Online
  name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
  start_date: 2021-12-06
date_created: 2022-06-26T22:01:35Z
date_published: 2021-12-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-27T07:05:12Z
day: '06'
department:
- _id: DaAl
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2010.08222'
intvolume: '        34'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2021/file/7cfd5df443b4eb0d69886a583b33de4c-Paper.pdf
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 14873-14886
project:
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '805223'
  name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
publication: 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781713845393'
  issn:
  - 1049-5258
publication_status: published
publisher: Curran Associates
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'M-FAC: Efficient matrix-free approximations of second-order information'
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 34
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11464'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We consider a standard distributed optimisation setting where N machines,
    each holding a d-dimensional function\r\nfi, aim to jointly minimise the sum of
    the functions ∑Ni=1fi(x). This problem arises naturally in large-scale distributed
    optimisation, where a standard solution is to apply variants of (stochastic) gradient
    descent. We focus on the communication complexity of this problem: our main result
    provides the first fully unconditional bounds on total number of bits which need
    to be sent and received by the N machines to solve this problem under point-to-point
    communication, within a given error-tolerance. Specifically, we show that Ω(Ndlogd/Nε)
    total bits need to be communicated between the machines to find an additive ϵ-approximation
    to the minimum of ∑Ni=1fi(x). The result holds for both deterministic and randomised
    algorithms, and, importantly, requires no assumptions on the algorithm structure.
    The lower bound is tight under certain restrictions on parameter values, and is
    matched within constant factors for quadratic objectives by a new variant of quantised
    gradient descent, which we describe and analyse. Our results bring over tools
    from communication complexity to distributed optimisation, which has potential
    for further applications."
acknowledgement: We thank the NeurIPS reviewers for insightful comments that helped
  us improve the positioning of our results, as well as for pointing out the subsampling
  approach for complementing the randomised lower bound. We also thank Foivos Alimisis
  and Peter Davies for useful discussions. This project has received funding from
  the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation programme (grant agreement No 805223 ScaleML).
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
- first_name: Janne
  full_name: Korhonen, Janne
  id: C5402D42-15BC-11E9-A202-CA2BE6697425
  last_name: Korhonen
citation:
  ama: 'Alistarh D-A, Korhonen J. Towards tight communication lower bounds for distributed
    optimisation. In: <i>35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems</i>.
    Vol 34. Curran Associates; 2021:7254-7266.'
  apa: 'Alistarh, D.-A., &#38; Korhonen, J. (2021). Towards tight communication lower
    bounds for distributed optimisation. In <i>35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i> (Vol. 34, pp. 7254–7266). Virtual, Online: Curran Associates.'
  chicago: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, and Janne Korhonen. “Towards Tight Communication
    Lower Bounds for Distributed Optimisation.” In <i>35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i>, 34:7254–66. Curran Associates, 2021.
  ieee: D.-A. Alistarh and J. Korhonen, “Towards tight communication lower bounds
    for distributed optimisation,” in <i>35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems</i>, Virtual, Online, 2021, vol. 34, pp. 7254–7266.
  ista: 'Alistarh D-A, Korhonen J. 2021. Towards tight communication lower bounds
    for distributed optimisation. 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 34, 7254–7266.'
  mla: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, and Janne Korhonen. “Towards Tight Communication Lower
    Bounds for Distributed Optimisation.” <i>35th Conference on Neural Information
    Processing Systems</i>, vol. 34, Curran Associates, 2021, pp. 7254–66.
  short: D.-A. Alistarh, J. Korhonen, in:, 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing
    Systems, Curran Associates, 2021, pp. 7254–7266.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-12-14
  location: Virtual, Online
  name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
  start_date: 2021-12-06
date_created: 2022-06-26T22:01:35Z
date_published: 2021-12-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-27T06:54:31Z
day: '06'
department:
- _id: DaAl
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2010.08222'
intvolume: '        34'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2021/file/3b92d18aa7a6176dd37d372bc2f1eb71-Paper.pdf
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 7254-7266
project:
- _id: 268A44D6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '805223'
  name: Elastic Coordination for Scalable Machine Learning
publication: 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781713845393'
  issn:
  - 1049-5258
publication_status: published
publisher: Curran Associates
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Towards tight communication lower bounds for distributed optimisation
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 34
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11498'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission lines probe electron densities, gas-phase
    abundances, metallicities, and ionization parameters of the emitting star-forming
    galaxies and their environments. The strongest main UV emission line, Lyα, has
    been instrumental in advancing the general knowledge of galaxy formation in the
    early universe. However, observing Lyα emission becomes increasingly challenging
    at z ≳ 6 when the neutral hydrogen fraction of the circumgalactic and intergalactic
    media increases. Secondary weaker UV emission lines provide important alternative
    methods for studying galaxy properties at high redshift. We present a large sample
    of rest-frame UV emission line sources at intermediate redshift for calibrating
    and exploring the connection between secondary UV lines and the emitting galaxies’
    physical properties and their Lyα emission. The sample of 2052 emission line sources
    with 1.5 < z < 6.4 was collected from integral field data from the MUSE-Wide and
    MUSE-Deep surveys taken as part of Guaranteed Time Observations. The objects were
    selected through untargeted source detection (i.e., no preselection of sources
    as in dedicated spectroscopic campaigns) in the three-dimensional MUSE data cubes.
    We searched optimally extracted one-dimensional spectra of the full sample for
    UV emission features via emission line template matching, resulting in a sample
    of more than 100 rest-frame UV emission line detections. We show that the detection
    efficiency of (non-Lyα) UV emission lines increases with survey depth, and that
    the emission line strength of He IIλ1640 Å, [O III] λ1661 + O III] λ1666, and
    [Si III] λ1883 + Si III] λ1892 correlate with the strength of [C III] λ1907 +
    C III] λ1909. The rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) of [C III] λ1907 + C III]
    λ1909 is found to be roughly 0.22 ± 0.18 of EW0(Lyα). We measured the velocity
    offsets of resonant emission lines with respect to systemic tracers. For C IVλ1548
    + C IVλ1551 we find that ΔvC IV ≲ 250 km s−1, whereas ΔvLyα falls in the range
    of 250−500 km s−1 which is in agreement with previous results from the literature.
    The electron density ne measured from [Si III] λ1883 + Si III] λ1892 and [C III]
    λ1907 + C III] λ1909 line flux ratios is generally < 105 cm−3 and the gas-phase
    abundance is below solar at 12 + log10(O/H)≈8. Lastly, we used “PhotoIonization
    Model Probability Density Functions” to infer physical parameters of the full
    sample and individual systems based on photoionization model parameter grids and
    observational constraints from our UV emission line searches. This reveals that
    the UV line emitters generally have ionization parameter log10(U) ≈ −2.5 and metal
    mass fractions that scatter around Z ≈ 10−2, that is Z ≈ 0.66 Z⊙. Value-added
    catalogs of the full sample of MUSE objects studied in this work and a collection
    of UV line emitters from the literature are provided with this paper.
acknowledgement: 'We would like to thank Charlotte Mason for useful discussions and
  for providing the data for the curves shown in Fig. 13 and Dawn Erb for providing
  the observational data for the comparison sample studied by Steidel et al. (2014),
  also shown in Fig. 13. This work has been supported by the BMBF grant 05A14BAC and
  we acknowledge support by the Competitive Fund of the Leibniz Association through
  grant SAW-2015-AIP-2. AF acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW_001.
  JS acknowledges the support from Vici grant 639.043.409 from the Dutch Research
  Council (NWO). GM received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No MARACAS
  – DLV-896778. This paper is based on observations collected at the European Organisation
  for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programmes 094.A-0289(B),
  095.A-0010(A), 096.A-0045(A), 096.A-0045(B), 094.A-0205, 095.A-0240, 096.A-0090,
  097.A-0160, and 098.A-0017. This paper also makes use of observations made with
  the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained at STScI. This research made use of
  the following programs and open-source packages for Python and we are thankful to
  their developers: DS9 (Joye & Mandel 2003), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013,
  2018), APLpy (Robitaille & Bressert 2012), iPython (Pérez & Granger 2007), numpy
  (van der Walt et al. 2011), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), and SciPy (Jones et al. 2001).'
article_number: A80
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: K. B.
  full_name: Schmidt, K. B.
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Kerutt, J.
  last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Wisotzki, L.
  last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Urrutia, T.
  last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Feltre, A.
  last_name: Feltre
- first_name: M. V.
  full_name: Maseda, M. V.
  last_name: Maseda
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
  last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: R.
  full_name: Bacon, R.
  last_name: Bacon
- first_name: L. A.
  full_name: Boogaard, L. A.
  last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Conseil, S.
  last_name: Conseil
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Contini, T.
  last_name: Contini
- first_name: E. C.
  full_name: Herenz, E. C.
  last_name: Herenz
- first_name: W.
  full_name: Kollatschny, W.
  last_name: Kollatschny
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Krumpe, M.
  last_name: Krumpe
- first_name: F.
  full_name: Leclercq, F.
  last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: G.
  full_name: Mahler, G.
  last_name: Mahler
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: V.
  full_name: Mauerhofer, V.
  last_name: Mauerhofer
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Richard, J.
  last_name: Richard
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Schaye, J.
  last_name: Schaye
citation:
  ama: Schmidt KB, Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, et al. Recovery and analysis of rest-frame
    UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 &#60; z &#60; 6.4.
    <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2021;654. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876">10.1051/0004-6361/202140876</a>
  apa: Schmidt, K. B., Kerutt, J., Wisotzki, L., Urrutia, T., Feltre, A., Maseda,
    M. V., … Schaye, J. (2021). Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines
    in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 &#60; z &#60; 6.4. <i>Astronomy &#38;
    Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876</a>
  chicago: Schmidt, K. B., J. Kerutt, L. Wisotzki, T. Urrutia, A. Feltre, M. V. Maseda,
    T. Nanayakkara, et al. “Recovery and Analysis of Rest-Frame UV Emission Lines
    in 2052 Galaxies Observed with MUSE at 1.5 &#60; z &#60; 6.4.” <i>Astronomy &#38;
    Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876</a>.
  ieee: K. B. Schmidt <i>et al.</i>, “Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission
    lines in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 &#60; z &#60; 6.4,” <i>Astronomy
    &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 654. EDP Sciences, 2021.
  ista: Schmidt KB, Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, Urrutia T, Feltre A, Maseda MV, Nanayakkara
    T, Bacon R, Boogaard LA, Conseil S, Contini T, Herenz EC, Kollatschny W, Krumpe
    M, Leclercq F, Mahler G, Matthee JJ, Mauerhofer V, Richard J, Schaye J. 2021.
    Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed
    with MUSE at 1.5 &#60; z &#60; 6.4. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics. 654, A80.
  mla: Schmidt, K. B., et al. “Recovery and Analysis of Rest-Frame UV Emission Lines
    in 2052 Galaxies Observed with MUSE at 1.5 &#60; z &#60; 6.4.” <i>Astronomy &#38;
    Astrophysics</i>, vol. 654, A80, EDP Sciences, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876">10.1051/0004-6361/202140876</a>.
  short: K.B. Schmidt, J. Kerutt, L. Wisotzki, T. Urrutia, A. Feltre, M.V. Maseda,
    T. Nanayakkara, R. Bacon, L.A. Boogaard, S. Conseil, T. Contini, E.C. Herenz,
    W. Kollatschny, M. Krumpe, F. Leclercq, G. Mahler, J.J. Matthee, V. Mauerhofer,
    J. Richard, J. Schaye, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 654 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-06T08:49:03Z
date_published: 2021-10-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:34:36Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202140876
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2108.01713'
intvolume: '       654'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'ultraviolet: galaxies / galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: ISM / ISM: lines and
  bands / methods: observational / techniques: imaging spectroscopy'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.01713
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1432-0746
  issn:
  - 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed
  with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 654
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11500'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We report the discovery of diffuse extended Lyα emission from redshift 3.1
    to 4.5, tracing cosmic web filaments on scales of 2.5−4 cMpc. These structures
    have been observed in overdensities of Lyα emitters in the MUSE Extremely Deep
    Field, a 140 h deep MUSE observation located in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field. Among
    the 22 overdense regions identified, five are likely to harbor very extended Lyα
    emission at high significance with an average surface brightness of 5 × 10−20
    erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2. Remarkably, 70% of the total Lyα luminosity from these
    filaments comes from beyond the circumgalactic medium of any identified Lyα emitter.
    Fluorescent Lyα emission powered by the cosmic UV background can only account
    for less than 34% of this emission at z ≈ 3 and for not more than 10% at higher
    redshift. We find that the bulk of this diffuse emission can be reproduced by
    the unresolved Lyα emission of a large population of ultra low-luminosity Lyα
    emitters (< 1040 erg s−1), provided that the faint end of the Lyα luminosity function
    is steep (α ⪅ −1.8), it extends down to luminosities lower than 1038 − 1037 erg
    s−1, and the clustering of these Lyα emitters is significant (filling factor <
    1/6). If these Lyα emitters are powered by star formation, then this implies their
    luminosity function needs to extend down to star formation rates < 10−4 M⊙ yr−1.
    These observations provide the first detection of the cosmic web in Lyα emission
    in typical filamentary environments and the first observational clue indicating
    the existence of a large population of ultra low-luminosity Lyα emitters at high
    redshift.
acknowledgement: 'We warmly thank ESO Paranal staff for their great professional support
  during all MXDF GTO observing runs. We thank the anonymous referee for a careful
  reading of the manuscript and helpful comments. We also thank Matthew Lehnert for
  fruitful discussions. RB, AF, SC acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant
  339659-MUSICOS. JB acknowledges support by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
  (FCT) through the research grants UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020
  and through the Investigador FCT Contract No. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. TG, AV
  acknowledges support from the European Research Council under grant agreement ERC-stg-757258
  (TRIPLE). DM acknowledges A. Dabbech for useful interactions about IUWT and support
  from the GDR ISIS through the Projets exploratoires program (project TASTY). AF
  acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW_001. SLZ acknowledges
  support by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) through a
  TOP Grant Module 1 under project number 614.001.652. This research made use of the
  following open-source software and we are thankful to the developers of these: GNU
  Octave (Eaton et al. 2018) and its statistics, signal and image packages, the Python
  packages Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Numpy (van der Walt et al. 2010), MPDAF (Piqueras
  et al. 2017), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2018), PyWavelets (Lee et al. 2019).'
article_number: A107
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: R.
  full_name: Bacon, R.
  last_name: Bacon
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Mary, D.
  last_name: Mary
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Garel, T.
  last_name: Garel
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Blaizot, J.
  last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Maseda, M.
  last_name: Maseda
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Schaye, J.
  last_name: Schaye
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Wisotzki, L.
  last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Conseil, S.
  last_name: Conseil
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Brinchmann, J.
  last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: F.
  full_name: Leclercq, F.
  last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: V.
  full_name: Abril-Melgarejo, V.
  last_name: Abril-Melgarejo
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Boogaard, L.
  last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: N. F.
  full_name: Bouché, N. F.
  last_name: Bouché
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Contini, T.
  last_name: Contini
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Feltre, A.
  last_name: Feltre
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Guiderdoni, B.
  last_name: Guiderdoni
- first_name: C.
  full_name: Herenz, C.
  last_name: Herenz
- first_name: W.
  full_name: Kollatschny, W.
  last_name: Kollatschny
- first_name: H.
  full_name: Kusakabe, H.
  last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Michel-Dansac, L.
  last_name: Michel-Dansac
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
  last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Richard, J.
  last_name: Richard
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Roth, M.
  last_name: Roth
- first_name: K. B.
  full_name: Schmidt, K. B.
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Steinmetz, M.
  last_name: Steinmetz
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Tresse, L.
  last_name: Tresse
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Urrutia, T.
  last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Verhamme, A.
  last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: P. M.
  full_name: Weilbacher, P. M.
  last_name: Weilbacher
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Zabl, J.
  last_name: Zabl
- first_name: S. L.
  full_name: Zoutendijk, S. L.
  last_name: Zoutendijk
citation:
  ama: 'Bacon R, Mary D, Garel T, et al. The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic
    web in emission at high redshift. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2021;647.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887">10.1051/0004-6361/202039887</a>'
  apa: 'Bacon, R., Mary, D., Garel, T., Blaizot, J., Maseda, M., Schaye, J., … Zoutendijk,
    S. L. (2021). The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic web in emission at high
    redshift. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887</a>'
  chicago: 'Bacon, R., D. Mary, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, M. Maseda, J. Schaye, L. Wisotzki,
    et al. “The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The Cosmic Web in Emission at High Redshift.”
    <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Bacon <i>et al.</i>, “The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic web in
    emission at high redshift,” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 647. EDP
    Sciences, 2021.'
  ista: 'Bacon R, Mary D, Garel T, Blaizot J, Maseda M, Schaye J, Wisotzki L, Conseil
    S, Brinchmann J, Leclercq F, Abril-Melgarejo V, Boogaard L, Bouché NF, Contini
    T, Feltre A, Guiderdoni B, Herenz C, Kollatschny W, Kusakabe H, Matthee JJ, Michel-Dansac
    L, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Roth M, Schmidt KB, Steinmetz M, Tresse L, Urrutia
    T, Verhamme A, Weilbacher PM, Zabl J, Zoutendijk SL. 2021. The MUSE Extremely
    Deep Field: The cosmic web in emission at high redshift. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics.
    647, A107.'
  mla: 'Bacon, R., et al. “The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The Cosmic Web in Emission
    at High Redshift.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 647, A107, EDP Sciences,
    2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887">10.1051/0004-6361/202039887</a>.'
  short: R. Bacon, D. Mary, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, M. Maseda, J. Schaye, L. Wisotzki,
    S. Conseil, J. Brinchmann, F. Leclercq, V. Abril-Melgarejo, L. Boogaard, N.F.
    Bouché, T. Contini, A. Feltre, B. Guiderdoni, C. Herenz, W. Kollatschny, H. Kusakabe,
    J.J. Matthee, L. Michel-Dansac, T. Nanayakkara, J. Richard, M. Roth, K.B. Schmidt,
    M. Steinmetz, L. Tresse, T. Urrutia, A. Verhamme, P.M. Weilbacher, J. Zabl, S.L.
    Zoutendijk, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 647 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:31:50Z
date_published: 2021-03-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:34:57Z
day: '18'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039887
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2102.05516'
intvolume: '       647'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: groups: general / cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.05516
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1432-0746
  issn:
  - 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic web in emission at high redshift'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 647
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11512'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study the molecular gas content of 24 star-forming galaxies at z = 3–4,
    with a median stellar mass of 109.1 M⊙, from the MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field
    (HUDF) Survey. Selected by their Lyα λ1216 emission and HF160W-band magnitude,
    the galaxies show an average $\langle {\mathrm{EW}}_{\mathrm{Ly}\alpha }^{0}\rangle
    \approx 20$ Å, below the typical selection threshold for Lyα emitters (${\mathrm{EW}}_{\mathrm{Ly}\alpha
    }^{0}\gt 25$ Å), and a rest-frame UV spectrum similar to Lyman-break galaxies.
    We use rest-frame optical spectroscopy from KMOS and MOSFIRE, and the UV features
    observed with MUSE, to determine the systemic redshifts, which are offset from
    Lyα by 〈Δv(Lyα)〉 = 346 km s−1, with a 100 to 600 km s−1 range. Stacking 12CO J
    = 4 → 3 and [C i]3P1 → 3P0 (and higher-J CO lines) from the ALMA Spectroscopic
    Survey of the HUDF, we determine 3σ upper limits on the line luminosities of 4.0
    × 108 K km s−1pc2 and 5.6 × 108 K km s−1pc2, respectively (for a 300 km s−1 line
    width). Stacking the 1.2 mm and 3 mm dust-continuum flux densities, we find a
    3σ upper limits of 9 μJy and 1.2 μJy, respectively. The inferred gas fractions,
    under the assumption of a "Galactic" CO-to-H2 conversion factor and gas-to-dust
    ratio, are in tension with previously determined scaling relations. This implies
    a substantially higher αCO ≥ 10 and δGDR ≥ 1200, consistent with the subsolar
    metallicity estimated for these galaxies ($12+\mathrm{log}({\rm{O}}/{\rm{H}})\approx
    7.8\pm 0.2$). The low metallicity of z ≥ 3 star-forming galaxies may thus make
    it very challenging to unveil their cold gas through CO or dust emission, warranting
    further exploration of alternative tracers, such as [C ii].
acknowledgement: 'We would like to thank the referee for a constructive and helpful
  report. L.A.B. is grateful to Corentin Schreiber for assisting with the near-infrared
  spectroscopy during the early stages of this work. L.A.B. acknowledges support from
  the Leids Kerkhoven-Bosscha Fonds under subsidy numbers 18.2.074 and 19.1.147. D.R.
  acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1614213
  and AST-1910107. D.R. also acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt
  Foundation through a Humboldt Research Fellowship for Experienced Researchers. A.F.
  acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR 201720173ML3WW_001. J.B. acknowledges
  support by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research grants
  UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020. H.I. acknowledges support
  from JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP19K23462. This work is based on observations collected
  at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programs 094.A-2089(B), 095.A-0010(A),
  096.A-0045(A), 096.A-0045(B), 099.A-0858(A), and 0101.A-0725(A). This paper makes
  use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2016.1.00324.L. ALMA is a partnership
  of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with
  NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation
  with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO,
  and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National
  Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities,
  Inc. This work was supported by a NASA Keck PI Data Award, administered by the NASA
  Exoplanet Science Institute. Data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck
  Observatory from telescope time allocated to the National Aeronautics and Space
  Administration through the agency''s scientific partnership with the California
  Institute of Technology and the University of California. The Observatory was made
  possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors
  wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence
  that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community.
  We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this
  mountain.'
article_number: '12'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Leindert A.
  full_name: Boogaard, Leindert A.
  last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Rychard J.
  full_name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
  last_name: Bouwens
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Riechers, Dominik
  last_name: Riechers
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: van der Werf, Paul
  last_name: van der Werf
- first_name: Roland
  full_name: Bacon, Roland
  last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Mauro
  full_name: Stefanon, Mauro
  last_name: Stefanon
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Feltre, Anna
  last_name: Feltre
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Maseda, Michael
  last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Hanae
  full_name: Inami, Hanae
  last_name: Inami
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Aravena, Manuel
  last_name: Aravena
- first_name: Jarle
  full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
  last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Chris
  full_name: Carilli, Chris
  last_name: Carilli
- first_name: Thierry
  full_name: Contini, Thierry
  last_name: Contini
- first_name: Roberto
  full_name: Decarli, Roberto
  last_name: Decarli
- first_name: Jorge
  full_name: González-López, Jorge
  last_name: González-López
- first_name: Themiya
  full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
  last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Fabian
  full_name: Walter, Fabian
  last_name: Walter
citation:
  ama: Boogaard LA, Bouwens RJ, Riechers D, et al. Measuring the average molecular
    gas content of star-forming galaxies at z = 3–4. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>.
    2021;916(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7">10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7</a>
  apa: Boogaard, L. A., Bouwens, R. J., Riechers, D., van der Werf, P., Bacon, R.,
    Matthee, J. J., … Walter, F. (2021). Measuring the average molecular gas content
    of star-forming galaxies at z = 3–4. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7</a>
  chicago: Boogaard, Leindert A., Rychard J. Bouwens, Dominik Riechers, Paul van der
    Werf, Roland Bacon, Jorryt J Matthee, Mauro Stefanon, et al. “Measuring the Average
    Molecular Gas Content of Star-Forming Galaxies at z = 3–4.” <i>The Astrophysical
    Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7</a>.
  ieee: L. A. Boogaard <i>et al.</i>, “Measuring the average molecular gas content
    of star-forming galaxies at z = 3–4,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 916,
    no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2021.
  ista: Boogaard LA, Bouwens RJ, Riechers D, van der Werf P, Bacon R, Matthee JJ,
    Stefanon M, Feltre A, Maseda M, Inami H, Aravena M, Brinchmann J, Carilli C, Contini
    T, Decarli R, González-López J, Nanayakkara T, Walter F. 2021. Measuring the average
    molecular gas content of star-forming galaxies at z = 3–4. The Astrophysical Journal.
    916(1), 12.
  mla: Boogaard, Leindert A., et al. “Measuring the Average Molecular Gas Content
    of Star-Forming Galaxies at z = 3–4.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 916,
    no. 1, 12, IOP Publishing, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7">10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7</a>.
  short: L.A. Boogaard, R.J. Bouwens, D. Riechers, P. van der Werf, R. Bacon, J.J.
    Matthee, M. Stefanon, A. Feltre, M. Maseda, H. Inami, M. Aravena, J. Brinchmann,
    C. Carilli, T. Contini, R. Decarli, J. González-López, T. Nanayakkara, F. Walter,
    The Astrophysical Journal 916 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-06T13:05:50Z
date_published: 2021-07-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:32:48Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac01d7
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2105.12489'
intvolume: '       916'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.12489
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1538-4357
  issn:
  - 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Measuring the average molecular gas content of star-forming galaxies at z =
  3–4
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 916
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11522'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The decline in abundance of Lyman-α (Lyα) emitting galaxies at z ≳ 6 is a
    powerful and commonly used probe to constrain the progress of cosmic reionization.
    We use the CODAII simulation, which is a radiation hydrodynamic simulation featuring
    a box of ∼94 comoving Mpc side length, to compute the Lyα transmission properties
    of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at z ∼ 5.8 to 7. Our results mainly confirm
    previous studies, i.e. we find a declining Lyα transmission with redshift and
    a large sightline-to-sightline variation. However, motivated by the recent discovery
    of blue Lyα peaks at high redshift, we also analyse the IGM transmission on the
    blue side, which shows a rapid decline at z ≳ 6 of the blue transmission. This
    low transmission can be attributed not only to the presence of neutral regions
    but also to the residual neutral hydrogen within ionized regions, for which a
    density even as low as nHI∼10−9cm−3 (sometimes combined with kinematic effects)
    leads to a significantly reduced visibility. Still, we find that ∼1 per cent of
    sightlines towards M1600AB ∼ −21 galaxies at z ∼ 7 are transparent enough to allow
    a transmission of a blue Lyα peak. We discuss our results in the context of the
    interpretation of observations.
acknowledgement: The authors thank the referee for constructive feedback that improved
  the outcome of this study. We are grateful to Antoinette Songaila Cowie for sharing
  the ‘NEPLA4’ spectrum with us. This research has made use of NASA’s Astrophysics
  Data System, and many open source projects such as trident (Hummels et al. 2017),
  IPython (Pérez & Granger 2007), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2019), NumPy (Walt et al.
  2011), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), pandas (McKinney 2010), and the yt-project (Turk
  et al. 2011). MG was supported by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant
  HST-HF2-51409 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated
  by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under
  contract NAS5-26555. MG acknowledges support from NASA grants HST-GO-15643.017,
  and HST-AR15797.001 as well as XSEDE grant TG-AST180036. CAM acknowledges support
  by NASA Headquarters through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51413.001-A.
  PRS was supported in part by U.S. NSF grant AST-1009799, NASA grant NNX11AE09G,
  and supercomputer resources from NSF XSEDE grant TG AST090005 and the Texas Advanced
  Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin. JM acknowledges a
  Zwicky Prize Fellowship from ETH Zurich. GY acknowledges financial support by MICIU/FEDER
  under project grant PGC2018-094975-C21. SEIB acknowledges funding from the European
  Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
  programme (grant agreement No. 669253). ITI was supported by the Science and Technology
  Facilities Council [grants ST/I000976/1, ST/F002858/1, ST/P000525/1, and ST/T000473/1];
  and The Southeast Physics Network (SEPNet). KA was supported by NRF2016R1D1A1B04935414
  and NRF-2016R1A5A1013277. KA also appreciates APCTP for its hospitality during completion
  of this work. PO acknowledges support from the French ANR funded project ORAGE (ANR-14-CE33-0016).
  ND and DA acknowledge funding from the French ANR for project ANR-12-JS05- 0001
  (EMMA). The CoDa II simulation was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory/Oak
  Ridge Leadership Computing Facility on the Titan supercomputer (INCITE 2016 award
  AST031). Processing was performed on the Eos and Rhea clusters. Resolution study
  simulations were performed on Piz Daint at the Swiss National Supercomputing Center
  (PRACE Tier 0 award, project id pr37). The authors would like to acknowledge the
  High Performance Computing center of the University of Strasbourg for supporting
  this work by providing scientific support and access to computing resources. Part
  of the computing resources were funded by the Equipex EquipMeso project (Programme
  Investissements d’Avenir) and the CPER Alsacalcul/Big Data.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Max
  full_name: Gronke, Max
  last_name: Gronke
- first_name: Pierre
  full_name: Ocvirk, Pierre
  last_name: Ocvirk
- first_name: Charlotte
  full_name: Mason, Charlotte
  last_name: Mason
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Sarah E I
  full_name: Bosman, Sarah E I
  last_name: Bosman
- first_name: Jenny G
  full_name: Sorce, Jenny G
  last_name: Sorce
- first_name: Joseph
  full_name: Lewis, Joseph
  last_name: Lewis
- first_name: Kyungjin
  full_name: Ahn, Kyungjin
  last_name: Ahn
- first_name: Dominique
  full_name: Aubert, Dominique
  last_name: Aubert
- first_name: Taha
  full_name: Dawoodbhoy, Taha
  last_name: Dawoodbhoy
- first_name: Ilian T
  full_name: Iliev, Ilian T
  last_name: Iliev
- first_name: Paul R
  full_name: Shapiro, Paul R
  last_name: Shapiro
- first_name: Gustavo
  full_name: Yepes, Gustavo
  last_name: Yepes
citation:
  ama: Gronke M, Ocvirk P, Mason C, et al. Lyman-α transmission properties of the
    intergalactic medium in the CoDaII simulation. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal
    Astronomical Society</i>. 2021;508(3):3697-3709. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2762">10.1093/mnras/stab2762</a>
  apa: Gronke, M., Ocvirk, P., Mason, C., Matthee, J. J., Bosman, S. E. I., Sorce,
    J. G., … Yepes, G. (2021). Lyman-α transmission properties of the intergalactic
    medium in the CoDaII simulation. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2762">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2762</a>
  chicago: Gronke, Max, Pierre Ocvirk, Charlotte Mason, Jorryt J Matthee, Sarah E
    I Bosman, Jenny G Sorce, Joseph Lewis, et al. “Lyman-α Transmission Properties
    of the Intergalactic Medium in the CoDaII Simulation.” <i>Monthly Notices of the
    Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2762">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2762</a>.
  ieee: M. Gronke <i>et al.</i>, “Lyman-α transmission properties of the intergalactic
    medium in the CoDaII simulation,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>, vol. 508, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 3697–3709, 2021.
  ista: Gronke M, Ocvirk P, Mason C, Matthee JJ, Bosman SEI, Sorce JG, Lewis J, Ahn
    K, Aubert D, Dawoodbhoy T, Iliev IT, Shapiro PR, Yepes G. 2021. Lyman-α transmission
    properties of the intergalactic medium in the CoDaII simulation. Monthly Notices
    of the Royal Astronomical Society. 508(3), 3697–3709.
  mla: Gronke, Max, et al. “Lyman-α Transmission Properties of the Intergalactic Medium
    in the CoDaII Simulation.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>,
    vol. 508, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 3697–709, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2762">10.1093/mnras/stab2762</a>.
  short: M. Gronke, P. Ocvirk, C. Mason, J.J. Matthee, S.E.I. Bosman, J.G. Sorce,
    J. Lewis, K. Ahn, D. Aubert, T. Dawoodbhoy, I.T. Iliev, P.R. Shapiro, G. Yepes,
    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 508 (2021) 3697–3709.
date_created: 2022-07-07T09:30:21Z
date_published: 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:45:56Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab2762
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2004.14496'
intvolume: '       508'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- dark ages
- reionization
- first stars
- intergalactic medium
- 'galaxies: formation'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.14496
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 3697-3709
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2966
  issn:
  - 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Lyman-α transmission properties of the intergalactic medium in the CoDaII simulation
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 508
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11523'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We present the first results from the X-SHOOTER Lyman α survey at z = 2 (XLS-z2).
    XLS-z2 is a deep spectroscopic survey of 35 Lyman α emitters (LAEs) utilizing
    ≈90 h of exposure time with Very Large Telescope/X-SHOOTER and covers rest-frame
    Ly α to H α emission with R ≈ 4000. We present the sample selection, the observations,
    and the data reduction. Systemic redshifts are measured from rest-frame optical
    lines for 33/35 sources. In the stacked spectrum, our LAEs are characterized by
    an interstellar medium with little dust, a low metallicity, and a high ionization
    state. The ionizing sources are young hot stars that power strong emission lines
    in the optical and high-ionization lines in the ultraviolet (UV). The LAEs exhibit
    clumpy UV morphologies and have outflowing kinematics with blueshifted Si II absorption,
    a broad [O III] component, and a red-skewed Ly α line. Typically, 30 per cent
    of the Ly α photons escape, of which one quarter on the blue side of the systemic
    velocity. A fraction of Ly α photons escape directly at the systemic suggesting
    clear channels enabling an ≈10 per cent escape of ionizing photons, consistent
    with an inference based on Mg II. A combination of a low effective H I column
    density, a low dust content, and young starburst determines whether a star-forming
    galaxy is observed as an LAE. The first is possibly related to outflows and/or
    a fortunate viewing angle, while we find that the latter two in LAEs are typical
    for their stellar mass of 109 M⊙.
acknowledgement: "We thank the referee for constructive comments and suggestions.
  We thank Dawn Erb, Ruari Mackenzie, Ivan Oteo, Ryan Sanders, and Johannes Zabl for
  useful discussions and suggestions. It is a pleasure to thank the ESO User Support,
  in particular Giacomo Beccari, Carlo Manara, John Pritchard, Marina Rejkuba, and
  Lowell Tacconi-Garman for assistance in the preparation and execution of the observations.
  Based on observations obtained with the VLT, programs 084.A-0303, 088.A-0672, 091.A-0413,
  091.A-0546, 092.A0774, 097.A-0153, 098.A-0819, 099.A-0758, 099.A-0254, 101.B0779,
  and 102.A-0652. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes
  at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO programme ID 179.A-2005 and on data
  products produced by CALET and the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit on behalf of
  the UltraVISTA consortium. Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA HST through
  programs 9133, 9367, 11694, and 12471, and obtained from the Hubble Legacy Archive,
  which is a collaboration between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI/NASA),
  the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF/ESA), and the Canadian
  Astronomy Data Centre (CADC/NRC/CSA). This work is based on observations taken by
  the CANDELS Multi-Cycle Treasury Program with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated
  by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract
  NAS5-26555. MG was supported by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51409
  and acknowledges support from HST grants\r\nHST-GO-15643.017-A, HST-AR-15039.003-A,
  and XSEDE grant TG-AST180036. GP acknowledges support from the Netherlands Research
  School for Astronomy (NOVA). RA acknowledges the support of ANID FONDECYT Regular
  Grant 1202007. We gratefully acknowledge the PYTHON programming language, its NUMPY,
  MATPLOTLIB, SCIPY, LMFIT (Jones et al. 2001; Hunter 2007; van der Walt, Colbert
  & Varoquaux 2011), PANDAS (McKinney 2010), and ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013)
  packages, and the TOPCAT analysis tool (Taylor 2013). Dedicated to the memory of
  A. C. J.Matthee (1953–2020)."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: David
  full_name: Sobral, David
  last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Matthew
  full_name: Hayes, Matthew
  last_name: Hayes
- first_name: Gabriele
  full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
  last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Max
  full_name: Gronke, Max
  last_name: Gronke
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Schaerer, Daniel
  last_name: Schaerer
- first_name: Rohan P
  full_name: Naidu, Rohan P
  last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Huub
  full_name: Röttgering, Huub
  last_name: Röttgering
- first_name: João
  full_name: Calhau, João
  last_name: Calhau
- first_name: Ana
  full_name: Paulino-Afonso, Ana
  last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: Sérgio
  full_name: Santos, Sérgio
  last_name: Santos
- first_name: Ricardo
  full_name: Amorín, Ricardo
  last_name: Amorín
citation:
  ama: 'Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Hayes M, et al. The X-SHOOTER Lyman α survey at z =
    2 (XLS-z2) I: What makes a galaxy a Lyman α emitter? <i>Monthly Notices of the
    Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2021;505(1):1382-1412. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1304">10.1093/mnras/stab1304</a>'
  apa: 'Matthee, J. J., Sobral, D., Hayes, M., Pezzulli, G., Gronke, M., Schaerer,
    D., … Amorín, R. (2021). The X-SHOOTER Lyman α survey at z = 2 (XLS-z2) I: What
    makes a galaxy a Lyman α emitter? <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1304">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1304</a>'
  chicago: 'Matthee, Jorryt J, David Sobral, Matthew Hayes, Gabriele Pezzulli, Max
    Gronke, Daniel Schaerer, Rohan P Naidu, et al. “The X-SHOOTER Lyman α Survey at
    z = 2 (XLS-Z2) I: What Makes a Galaxy a Lyman α Emitter?” <i>Monthly Notices of
    the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1304">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1304</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. J. Matthee <i>et al.</i>, “The X-SHOOTER Lyman α survey at z = 2 (XLS-z2)
    I: What makes a galaxy a Lyman α emitter?,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>, vol. 505, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 1382–1412, 2021.'
  ista: 'Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Hayes M, Pezzulli G, Gronke M, Schaerer D, Naidu RP,
    Röttgering H, Calhau J, Paulino-Afonso A, Santos S, Amorín R. 2021. The X-SHOOTER
    Lyman α survey at z = 2 (XLS-z2) I: What makes a galaxy a Lyman α emitter? Monthly
    Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 505(1), 1382–1412.'
  mla: 'Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “The X-SHOOTER Lyman α Survey at z = 2 (XLS-Z2)
    I: What Makes a Galaxy a Lyman α Emitter?” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>, vol. 505, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 1382–412, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1304">10.1093/mnras/stab1304</a>.'
  short: J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, M. Hayes, G. Pezzulli, M. Gronke, D. Schaerer, R.P.
    Naidu, H. Röttgering, J. Calhau, A. Paulino-Afonso, S. Santos, R. Amorín, Monthly
    Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505 (2021) 1382–1412.
date_created: 2022-07-07T09:33:39Z
date_published: 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:49:00Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab1304
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2102.07779'
intvolume: '       505'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: formation'
- 'galaxies: ISM'
- 'galaxies: starburst'
- dark ages
- reionization
- first stars
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.07779
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1382-1412
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2966
  issn:
  - 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The X-SHOOTER Lyman α survey at z = 2 (XLS-z2) I: What makes a galaxy a Lyman
  α emitter?'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 505
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11524'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We measure the evolution of the rest-frame UV luminosity function (LF) and
    the stellar mass function (SMF) of Lyman-α (Ly α) emitters (LAEs) from z ∼ 2 to
    z ∼ 6 by exploring ∼4000 LAEs from the SC4K sample. We find a correlation between
    Ly α luminosity (LLy α) and rest-frame UV (MUV), with best fit MUV=−1.6+0.2−0.3log10(LLyα/ergs−1)+47+12−11
    and a shallower relation between LLy α and stellar mass (M⋆), with best fit log10(M⋆/M⊙)=0.9+0.1−0.1log10(LLyα/ergs−1)−28+4.0−3.8⁠.
    An increasing LLy α cut predominantly lowers the number density of faint MUV and
    low M⋆ LAEs. We estimate a proxy for the full UV LFs and SMFs of LAEs with simple
    assumptions of the faint end slope. For the UV LF, we find a brightening of the
    characteristic UV luminosity (M∗UV⁠) with increasing redshift and a decrease of
    the characteristic number density (Φ*). For the SMF, we measure a characteristic
    stellar mass (⁠M∗⋆/M⊙⁠) increase with increasing redshift, and a Φ* decline. However,
    if we apply a uniform luminosity cut of log10(LLyα/ergs−1)≥43.0⁠, we find much
    milder to no evolution in the UV and SMF of LAEs. The UV luminosity density (ρUV)
    of the full sample of LAEs shows moderate evolution and the stellar mass density
    (ρM) decreases, with both being always lower than the total ρUV and ρM of more
    typical galaxies but slowly approaching them with increasing redshift. Overall,
    our results indicate that both ρUV and ρM of LAEs slowly approach the measurements
    of continuum-selected galaxies at z > 6, which suggests a key role of LAEs in
    the epoch of reionization.
acknowledgement: This research made use of Astropy, a community developed core Python
  package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). topcat, a graphical tool
  for manipulating tabular data, was also utilized in this analysis (Taylor 2005).
  SG would like to thank Nastasha Wijers for the discussion on the column density
  distribution in EAGLE. SC gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science
  Foundation grants PP00P2 163824 and PP00P2 190092, and from the European Research
  Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
  grant agreement No 864361. GP acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science
  Foundation (SNF) and from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: S
  full_name: Santos, S
  last_name: Santos
- first_name: D
  full_name: Sobral, D
  last_name: Sobral
- first_name: J
  full_name: Butterworth, J
  last_name: Butterworth
- first_name: A
  full_name: Paulino-Afonso, A
  last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: B
  full_name: Ribeiro, B
  last_name: Ribeiro
- first_name: E
  full_name: da Cunha, E
  last_name: da Cunha
- first_name: J
  full_name: Calhau, J
  last_name: Calhau
- first_name: A A
  full_name: Khostovan, A A
  last_name: Khostovan
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: P
  full_name: Arrabal Haro, P
  last_name: Arrabal Haro
citation:
  ama: Santos S, Sobral D, Butterworth J, et al. The evolution of the UV luminosity
    and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6. <i>Monthly
    Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2021;505(1):1117-1134. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218">10.1093/mnras/stab1218</a>
  apa: Santos, S., Sobral, D., Butterworth, J., Paulino-Afonso, A., Ribeiro, B., da Cunha,
    E., … Arrabal Haro, P. (2021). The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar
    mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6. <i>Monthly Notices of
    the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218</a>
  chicago: Santos, S, D Sobral, J Butterworth, A Paulino-Afonso, B Ribeiro, E da Cunha,
    J Calhau, A A Khostovan, Jorryt J Matthee, and P Arrabal Haro. “The Evolution
    of the UV Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions of Lyman-α Emitters from z ∼ 2
    to z ∼ 6.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University
    Press, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218</a>.
  ieee: S. Santos <i>et al.</i>, “The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar mass
    functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6,” <i>Monthly Notices of the
    Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 505, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp.
    1117–1134, 2021.
  ista: Santos S, Sobral D, Butterworth J, Paulino-Afonso A, Ribeiro B, da Cunha E,
    Calhau J, Khostovan AA, Matthee JJ, Arrabal Haro P. 2021. The evolution of the
    UV luminosity and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼
    6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 505(1), 1117–1134.
  mla: Santos, S., et al. “The Evolution of the UV Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
    of Lyman-α Emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>, vol. 505, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 1117–34, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218">10.1093/mnras/stab1218</a>.
  short: S. Santos, D. Sobral, J. Butterworth, A. Paulino-Afonso, B. Ribeiro, E. da Cunha,
    J. Calhau, A.A. Khostovan, J.J. Matthee, P. Arrabal Haro, Monthly Notices of the
    Royal Astronomical Society 505 (2021) 1117–1134.
date_created: 2022-07-07T10:02:59Z
date_published: 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:51:47Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab1218
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2105.00007'
intvolume: '       505'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: luminosity function'
- mass function
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.00007
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1117-1134
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2966
  issn:
  - 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters
  from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 505
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11525'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The intensity of the Cosmic UV background (UVB), coming from all sources of
    ionizing photons such as star-forming galaxies and quasars, determines the thermal
    evolution and ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and is, therefore,
    a critical ingredient for models of cosmic structure formation. Most of the previous
    estimates are based on the comparison between observed and simulated Lyman-α forest.
    We present the results of an independent method to constrain the product of the
    UVB photoionization rate and the covering fraction of Lyman limit systems (LLSs)
    by searching for the fluorescent Lyman-α emission produced by self-shielded clouds.
    Because the expected surface brightness is well below current sensitivity limits
    for direct imaging, we developed a new method based on 3D stacking of the IGM
    around Lyman-α emitting galaxies (LAEs) between 2.9 < z < 6.6 using deep MUSE
    observations. Combining our results with covering fractions of LLSs obtained from
    mock cubes extracted from the EAGLE simulation, we obtain new and independent
    constraints on the UVB at z > 3 that are consistent with previous measurements,
    with a preference for relatively low UVB intensities at z = 3, and which suggest
    a non-monotonic decrease of ΓH I with increasing redshift between 3 < z < 5. This
    could suggest a possible tension between some UVB models and current observations
    which however require deeper and wider observations in Lyman-α emission and absorption
    to be confirmed. Assuming instead a value of UVB from current models, our results
    constrain the covering fraction of LLSs at 3 < z < 4.5 to be less than 25 per cent
    within 150 kpc from LAEs.
acknowledgement: This research made use of Astropy, a community developed core Python
  package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). topcat, a graphical tool
  for manipulating tabular data, was also utilized in this analysis (Taylor 2005).
  SG would like to thank Nastasha Wijers for the discussion on the column density
  distribution in EAGLE. SC gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science
  Foundation grants PP00P2 163824 and PP00P2 190092, and from the European Research
  Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
  grant agreement No 864361. GP acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science
  Foundation (SNF) and from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sofia G
  full_name: Gallego, Sofia G
  last_name: Gallego
- first_name: Sebastiano
  full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
  last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Saeed
  full_name: Sarpas, Saeed
  last_name: Sarpas
- first_name: Bastien
  full_name: Duboeuf, Bastien
  last_name: Duboeuf
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Lilly, Simon
  last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Gabriele
  full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
  last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Raffaella Anna
  full_name: Marino, Raffaella Anna
  last_name: Marino
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Lutz
  full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
  last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: Joop
  full_name: Schaye, Joop
  last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Johan
  full_name: Richard, Johan
  last_name: Richard
- first_name: Haruka
  full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
  last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Valentin
  full_name: Mauerhofer, Valentin
  last_name: Mauerhofer
citation:
  ama: Gallego SG, Cantalupo S, Sarpas S, et al. Constraining the cosmic UV background
    at z &#62; 3 with MUSE Lyman-α emission observations. <i>Monthly Notices of the
    Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2021;504(1):16-32. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab796">10.1093/mnras/stab796</a>
  apa: Gallego, S. G., Cantalupo, S., Sarpas, S., Duboeuf, B., Lilly, S., Pezzulli,
    G., … Mauerhofer, V. (2021). Constraining the cosmic UV background at z &#62;
    3 with MUSE Lyman-α emission observations. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab796">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab796</a>
  chicago: Gallego, Sofia G, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Saeed Sarpas, Bastien Duboeuf,
    Simon Lilly, Gabriele Pezzulli, Raffaella Anna Marino, et al. “Constraining the
    Cosmic UV Background at z &#62; 3 with MUSE Lyman-α Emission Observations.” <i>Monthly
    Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2021.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab796">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab796</a>.
  ieee: S. G. Gallego <i>et al.</i>, “Constraining the cosmic UV background at z &#62;
    3 with MUSE Lyman-α emission observations,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>, vol. 504, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 16–32, 2021.
  ista: Gallego SG, Cantalupo S, Sarpas S, Duboeuf B, Lilly S, Pezzulli G, Marino
    RA, Matthee JJ, Wisotzki L, Schaye J, Richard J, Kusakabe H, Mauerhofer V. 2021.
    Constraining the cosmic UV background at z &#62; 3 with MUSE Lyman-α emission
    observations. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 504(1), 16–32.
  mla: Gallego, Sofia G., et al. “Constraining the Cosmic UV Background at z &#62;
    3 with MUSE Lyman-α Emission Observations.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>, vol. 504, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 16–32, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab796">10.1093/mnras/stab796</a>.
  short: S.G. Gallego, S. Cantalupo, S. Sarpas, B. Duboeuf, S. Lilly, G. Pezzulli,
    R.A. Marino, J.J. Matthee, L. Wisotzki, J. Schaye, J. Richard, H. Kusakabe, V.
    Mauerhofer, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504 (2021) 16–32.
date_created: 2022-07-07T10:07:11Z
date_published: 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:54:19Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab796
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2103.09250'
intvolume: '       504'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.09250
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 16-32
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2966
  issn:
  - 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Constraining the cosmic UV background at z > 3 with MUSE Lyman-α emission observations
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 504
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11526'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We present the results from a MUSE survey of twelve z ≃ 3.15 quasars, which
    were selected to be much fainter (20 < iSDSS < 23) than in previous studies of
    giant Ly α nebulae around the brightest quasars (16.6 < iAB < 18.7). We detect
    H I Ly α nebulae around 100 per cent of our target quasars, with emission extending
    to scales of at least 60 physical kpc, and up to 190 pkpc. We explore correlations
    between properties of the nebulae and their host quasars, with the goal of connecting
    variations in the properties of the illuminating QSO to the response in nebular
    emission. We show that the surface brightness profiles of the nebulae are similar
    to those of nebulae around bright quasars, but with a lower normalization. Our
    targeted quasars are on average 3.7 mag (≃30 times) fainter in UV continuum than
    our bright reference sample, and yet the nebulae around them are only 4.3 times
    fainter in mean Ly α surface brightness, measured between 20 and 50 pkpc. We find
    significant correlations between the surface brightness of the nebula and the
    luminosity of the quasar in both UV continuum and Ly α. The latter can be interpreted
    as evidence for a substantial contribution from unresolved inner parts of the
    nebulae to the narrow components seen in the Ly α lines of some of our faint quasars,
    possibly from the inner circumgalactic medium or from the host galaxy’s interstellar
    medium.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Daichi Kashino, for providing access to unpublished
  zCOSMOS Deep data, and Jakob S. den Brok for sharing code used in den Brok et al.
  (2020). GP and SC acknowledge the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation
  [grant PP00P2163824]. SM is supported by the Experienced Researchers Fellowship,
  Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Germany. This work is based on observations collected
  at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere
  under the MUSE GTO programme. The major analysis and production of figures in this
  work was conducted in Python, using standard libraries which include NumPy (Harris
  et al. 2020), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007) and the interactive
  command shell IPython (Pérez & Granger 2007). This research also made use of Astropy,
  a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et
  al. 2013), and Photutils, an Astropy package for detection and photometry of astronomica
  sources (Bradley et al. 2019). The python interface dustmaps (Green 2018) was used
  to query galactic extinction maps. topcat, a graphical tool for manipulating tabular
  data, was also utilized in this analysis (Taylor 2005). This research has made use
  of the "Aladin sky atlas" developed at CDS, Strasbourg Observatory, France (Bonnarel
  et al. 2000).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Ruari
  full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
  last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Gabriele
  full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
  last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Sebastiano
  full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
  last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Raffaella A
  full_name: Marino, Raffaella A
  last_name: Marino
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Lilly, Simon
  last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Sowgat
  full_name: Muzahid, Sowgat
  last_name: Muzahid
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Joop
  full_name: Schaye, Joop
  last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Lutz
  full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
  last_name: Wisotzki
citation:
  ama: Mackenzie R, Pezzulli G, Cantalupo S, et al. Revealing the impact of quasar
    luminosity on giant Lyα nebulae. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society</i>. 2021;502(1):494-509. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3277">10.1093/mnras/staa3277</a>
  apa: Mackenzie, R., Pezzulli, G., Cantalupo, S., Marino, R. A., Lilly, S., Muzahid,
    S., … Wisotzki, L. (2021). Revealing the impact of quasar luminosity on giant
    Lyα nebulae. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford
    University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3277">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3277</a>
  chicago: Mackenzie, Ruari, Gabriele Pezzulli, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Raffaella A
    Marino, Simon Lilly, Sowgat Muzahid, Jorryt J Matthee, Joop Schaye, and Lutz Wisotzki.
    “Revealing the Impact of Quasar Luminosity on Giant Lyα Nebulae.” <i>Monthly Notices
    of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3277">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3277</a>.
  ieee: R. Mackenzie <i>et al.</i>, “Revealing the impact of quasar luminosity on
    giant Lyα nebulae,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>,
    vol. 502, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 494–509, 2021.
  ista: Mackenzie R, Pezzulli G, Cantalupo S, Marino RA, Lilly S, Muzahid S, Matthee
    JJ, Schaye J, Wisotzki L. 2021. Revealing the impact of quasar luminosity on giant
    Lyα nebulae. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 502(1), 494–509.
  mla: Mackenzie, Ruari, et al. “Revealing the Impact of Quasar Luminosity on Giant
    Lyα Nebulae.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 502,
    no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 494–509, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3277">10.1093/mnras/staa3277</a>.
  short: R. Mackenzie, G. Pezzulli, S. Cantalupo, R.A. Marino, S. Lilly, S. Muzahid,
    J.J. Matthee, J. Schaye, L. Wisotzki, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
    Society 502 (2021) 494–509.
date_created: 2022-07-07T10:11:15Z
date_published: 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:56:28Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa3277
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2010.12589'
intvolume: '       502'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'techniques: imaging spectroscopy'
- intergalactic medium
- 'quasars: emission lines'
- 'quasars: general'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12589
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 494-509
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2966
  issn:
  - 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Revealing the impact of quasar luminosity on giant Lyα nebulae
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 502
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11585'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Observations show that star-forming galaxies reside on a tight three-dimensional
    plane between mass, gas-phase metallicity and star formation rate (SFR), which
    can be explained by the interplay between metal-poor gas inflows, SFR and outflows.
    However, different metals are released on different time-scales, which may affect
    the slope of this relation. Here, we use central, star-forming galaxies with Mstar
    = 109.0−10.5 M\f from the EAGLE hydrodynamical simulation to examine three-dimensional
    relations between mass, SFR and chemical enrichment using absolute and relative
    C, N, O and Fe abundances. We show that the scatter is smaller when gas-phase
    α-enhancement is used rather than metallicity. A similar plane also exists for
    stellar α-enhancement, implying that present-day specific SFRs are correlated
    with long time-scale star formation histories. Between z = 0 and 1, the α-enhancement
    plane is even more insensitive to redshift than the plane using metallicity. However,
    it evolves at z > 1 due to lagging iron yields. At fixed mass, galaxies with higher
    SFRs have star formation histories shifted toward late times, are more α-enhanced
    and this α-enhancement increases with redshift as observed. These findings suggest
    that relations between physical properties inferred from observations may be affected
    by systematic variations in α-enhancements."
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referee for their constructive comments. JM
  acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden University. We
  thank Jarle Brinchmann, Rob Crain and David Sobral for discussions. We acknowledge
  the use of the Topcat software (Taylor 2013) for assisting in rapid exploration
  of multi-dimensional datasets and the use of Python and its numpy, matplotlib and
  pandas packages.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
  full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
  id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
  last_name: Matthee
  orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
citation:
  ama: Matthee JJ. Differences in galaxy colours are not just about the mass. <i>Nature
    Astronomy</i>. 2021;5:984-985. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y">10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y</a>
  apa: Matthee, J. J. (2021). Differences in galaxy colours are not just about the
    mass. <i>Nature Astronomy</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y</a>
  chicago: Matthee, Jorryt J. “Differences in Galaxy Colours Are Not Just about the
    Mass.” <i>Nature Astronomy</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y</a>.
  ieee: J. J. Matthee, “Differences in galaxy colours are not just about the mass,”
    <i>Nature Astronomy</i>, vol. 5. Springer Nature, pp. 984–985, 2021.
  ista: Matthee JJ. 2021. Differences in galaxy colours are not just about the mass.
    Nature Astronomy. 5, 984–985.
  mla: Matthee, Jorryt J. “Differences in Galaxy Colours Are Not Just about the Mass.”
    <i>Nature Astronomy</i>, vol. 5, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 984–85, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y">10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y</a>.
  short: J.J. Matthee, Nature Astronomy 5 (2021) 984–985.
date_created: 2022-07-14T13:13:39Z
date_published: 2021-07-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T08:37:58Z
day: '05'
doi: 10.1038/s41550-021-01415-y
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1802.06786'
intvolume: '         5'
keyword:
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- galaxies
- formation - galaxies
- evolution - galaxies
- star formation - galaxies
- abundances
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.06786
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 984-985
publication: Nature Astronomy
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2397-3366
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Differences in galaxy colours are not just about the mass
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11604'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is observing tens of
    millions of stars with time spans ranging from ∼27 days to about 1 yr of continuous
    observations. This vast amount of data contains a wealth of information for variability,
    exoplanet, and stellar astrophysics studies but requires a number of processing
    steps before it can be fully utilized. In order to efficiently process all the
    TESS data and make it available to the wider scientific community, the TESS Data
    for Asteroseismology working group, as part of the TESS Asteroseismic Science
    Consortium, has created an automated open-source processing pipeline to produce
    light curves corrected for systematics from the short- and long-cadence raw photometry
    data and to classify these according to stellar variability type. We will process
    all stars down to a TESS magnitude of 15. This paper is the next in a series detailing
    how the pipeline works. Here, we present our methodology for the automatic variability
    classification of TESS photometry using an ensemble of supervised learners that
    are combined into a metaclassifier. We successfully validate our method using
    a carefully constructed labeled sample of Kepler Q9 light curves with a 27.4 days
    time span mimicking single-sector TESS observations, on which we obtain an overall
    accuracy of 94.9%. We demonstrate that our methodology can successfully classify
    stars outside of our labeled sample by applying it to all ∼167,000 stars observed
    in Q9 of the Kepler space mission.
acknowledgement: "The research leading to these results has received funding from
  the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation program (grant agreement No. 670519: MAMSIE), from the KU Leuven
  Research Council (grant C16/18/005: PARADISE), from the Research Foundation Flanders
  (FWO) under grant agreement G0H5416N (ERC Runner Up Project), as well as from the
  BELgian federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through PRODEX grant PLATO. D.J.A
  acknowledges support from the STFC via an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (ST/R00384X/1).
  Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research
  Foundation (grant agreement No.: DNRF106). R.H. and M.N.L. acknowledge the ESA PRODEX
  program. This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  (80NSSC18K1585 and 80NSSC19K0379) awarded through the TESS Guest Investigator Program.
  K.J.B. is supported by the National Science Foundation under Award AST-1903828.
  J.S.K and K.J.B. were supported by funding from the European Research Council under
  the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement
  no. 338251 (StellarAges). D.M.B. gratefully acknowledges funding from a senior postdoctoral
  fellowship from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) with grant agreement No.
  1286521N. The research leading to these results has received funding from the Research
  Foundation Flanders (FWO) under grant agreement G0A2917N (BlackGEM). R.A.G. acknowledges
  support from the GOLF and PLATO CNES grants. L.M. was supported by the Premium Postdoctoral
  Research Program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The research leading to these
  results has been supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and
  Innovation Office (NKFIH) grant KH_18 130405 and the Lendület LP2014-17 and LP2018-7/2020
  grants of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. D.B. acknowledges support from the
  NASA TESS Guest Investigator Program under award 80NSSC19K0385.\r\n\r\nThis paper
  includes data collected by the TESS mission, which are publicly available from the
  Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). Funding for the TESS mission is provided
  by NASA's Science Mission directorate. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics
  Data System as well as the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated
  by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract
  with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Funding for the TESS Asteroseismic
  Science Operations Centre is provided by the Danish National Research Foundation
  (Grant agreement no.: DNRF106), ESA PRODEX (PEA 4000119301), and the Stellar Astrophysics
  Centre (SAC) at Aarhus University. We thank the TESS team and staff and TASC/TASOC
  for their support of the present work.\r\n\r\nThis paper includes data collected
  by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler and K2 mission was provided by NASA's
  Science Mission Directorate. The authors acknowledge the efforts of the Kepler Mission
  team in obtaining the light-curve data and data validation products used in this
  publication. These data were generated by the Kepler Mission science pipeline through
  the efforts of the Kepler Science Operations Center and Science Office. The Kepler
  light curves are archived at the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes.\r\n\r\nThe
  numerical results presented in this work were obtained at the Centre for Scientific
  Computing, Aarhus. 37 This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core
  Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018).\r\n\r\nSoftware:
  Scikit-learn (Pedregosa et al. 2011), Numpy (Harris et al. 2020), Astropy (Astropy
  Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018), Scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Pandas (McKinney
  2010; Pandas Development Team 2020), Lightkurve (Lightkurve Collaboration et al.
  2018), XGBoost (Chen & Guestrin 2016), Tensorflow (Abadi et al. 2015)."
article_number: '209'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Audenaert, J.
  last_name: Audenaert
- first_name: J. S.
  full_name: Kuszlewicz, J. S.
  last_name: Kuszlewicz
- first_name: R.
  full_name: Handberg, R.
  last_name: Handberg
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Tkachenko, A.
  last_name: Tkachenko
- first_name: D. J.
  full_name: Armstrong, D. J.
  last_name: Armstrong
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Hon, M.
  last_name: Hon
- first_name: R.
  full_name: Kgoadi, R.
  last_name: Kgoadi
- first_name: M. N.
  full_name: Lund, M. N.
  last_name: Lund
- first_name: K. J.
  full_name: Bell, K. J.
  last_name: Bell
- first_name: Lisa Annabelle
  full_name: Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle
  id: d9edb345-f866-11ec-9b37-d119b5234501
  last_name: Bugnet
  orcid: 0000-0003-0142-4000
- first_name: D. M.
  full_name: Bowman, D. M.
  last_name: Bowman
- first_name: C.
  full_name: Johnston, C.
  last_name: Johnston
- first_name: R. A.
  full_name: García, R. A.
  last_name: García
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Stello, D.
  last_name: Stello
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Molnár, L.
  last_name: Molnár
- first_name: E.
  full_name: Plachy, E.
  last_name: Plachy
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Buzasi, D.
  last_name: Buzasi
- first_name: C.
  full_name: Aerts, C.
  last_name: Aerts
citation:
  ama: 'Audenaert J, Kuszlewicz JS, Handberg R, et al. TESS Data for Asteroseismology
    (T’DA) stellar variability classification pipeline: Setup and application to the
    Kepler Q9 data. <i>The Astronomical Journal</i>. 2021;162(5). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a">10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a</a>'
  apa: 'Audenaert, J., Kuszlewicz, J. S., Handberg, R., Tkachenko, A., Armstrong,
    D. J., Hon, M., … Aerts, C. (2021). TESS Data for Asteroseismology (T’DA) stellar
    variability classification pipeline: Setup and application to the Kepler Q9 data.
    <i>The Astronomical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a</a>'
  chicago: 'Audenaert, J., J. S. Kuszlewicz, R. Handberg, A. Tkachenko, D. J. Armstrong,
    M. Hon, R. Kgoadi, et al. “TESS Data for Asteroseismology (T’DA) Stellar Variability
    Classification Pipeline: Setup and Application to the Kepler Q9 Data.” <i>The
    Astronomical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Audenaert <i>et al.</i>, “TESS Data for Asteroseismology (T’DA) stellar
    variability classification pipeline: Setup and application to the Kepler Q9 data,”
    <i>The Astronomical Journal</i>, vol. 162, no. 5. IOP Publishing, 2021.'
  ista: 'Audenaert J, Kuszlewicz JS, Handberg R, Tkachenko A, Armstrong DJ, Hon M,
    Kgoadi R, Lund MN, Bell KJ, Bugnet LA, Bowman DM, Johnston C, García RA, Stello
    D, Molnár L, Plachy E, Buzasi D, Aerts C. 2021. TESS Data for Asteroseismology
    (T’DA) stellar variability classification pipeline: Setup and application to the
    Kepler Q9 data. The Astronomical Journal. 162(5), 209.'
  mla: 'Audenaert, J., et al. “TESS Data for Asteroseismology (T’DA) Stellar Variability
    Classification Pipeline: Setup and Application to the Kepler Q9 Data.” <i>The
    Astronomical Journal</i>, vol. 162, no. 5, 209, IOP Publishing, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a">10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a</a>.'
  short: J. Audenaert, J.S. Kuszlewicz, R. Handberg, A. Tkachenko, D.J. Armstrong,
    M. Hon, R. Kgoadi, M.N. Lund, K.J. Bell, L.A. Bugnet, D.M. Bowman, C. Johnston,
    R.A. García, D. Stello, L. Molnár, E. Plachy, D. Buzasi, C. Aerts, The Astronomical
    Journal 162 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-18T11:54:55Z
date_published: 2021-10-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T10:01:56Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac166a
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2107.06301'
intvolume: '       162'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.06301
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Astronomical Journal
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1538-3881
  issn:
  - 0004-6256
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'TESS Data for Asteroseismology (T’DA) stellar variability classification pipeline:
  Setup and application to the Kepler Q9 data'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 162
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11605'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Context. The discovery of moderate differential rotation between the core
    and the envelope of evolved solar-like stars could be the signature of a strong
    magnetic field trapped inside the radiative interior. The population of intermediate-mass
    red giants presenting surprisingly low-amplitude mixed modes (i.e. oscillation
    modes that behave as acoustic modes in their external envelope and as gravity
    modes in their core) could also arise from the effect of an internal magnetic
    field. Indeed, stars more massive than about 1.1 solar masses are known to develop
    a convective core during their main sequence. The field generated by the dynamo
    triggered by this convection could be the progenitor of a strong fossil magnetic
    field trapped inside the core of the star for the remainder of its evolution.\r\n\r\nAims.
    Observations of mixed modes can constitute an excellent probe of the deepest layers
    of evolved solar-like stars, and magnetic fields in those regions can impact their
    propagation. The magnetic perturbation on mixed modes may therefore be visible
    in asteroseismic data. To unravel which constraints can be obtained from observations,
    we theoretically investigate the effects of a plausible mixed axisymmetric magnetic
    field with various amplitudes on the mixed-mode frequencies of evolved solar-like
    stars.\r\n\r\nMethods. First-order frequency perturbations due to an axisymmetric
    magnetic field were computed for dipolar and quadrupolar mixed modes. These computations
    were carried out for a range of stellar ages, masses, and metallicities.\r\n\r\nConclusions.
    We show that typical fossil-field strengths of 0.1 − 1 MG, consistent with the
    presence of a dynamo in the convective core during the main sequence, provoke
    significant asymmetries on mixed-mode frequency multiplets during the red giant
    branch. We provide constraints and methods for the detectability of such magnetic
    signatures. We show that these signatures may be detectable in asteroseismic data
    for field amplitudes small enough for the amplitude of the modes not to be affected
    by the conversion of gravity into Alfvén waves inside the magnetised interior.
    Finally, we infer an upper limit for the strength of the field and the associated
    lower limit for the timescale of its action in order to redistribute angular momentum
    in stellar interiors."
article_number: A53
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Lisa Annabelle
  full_name: Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle
  id: d9edb345-f866-11ec-9b37-d119b5234501
  last_name: Bugnet
  orcid: 0000-0003-0142-4000
- first_name: V.
  full_name: Prat, V.
  last_name: Prat
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Mathis, S.
  last_name: Mathis
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Astoul, A.
  last_name: Astoul
- first_name: K.
  full_name: Augustson, K.
  last_name: Augustson
- first_name: R. A.
  full_name: García, R. A.
  last_name: García
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Mathur, S.
  last_name: Mathur
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Amard, L.
  last_name: Amard
- first_name: C.
  full_name: Neiner, C.
  last_name: Neiner
citation:
  ama: 'Bugnet LA, Prat V, Mathis S, et al. Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies:
    I. An axisymmetric fossil field inside the core of red giants. <i>Astronomy &#38;
    Astrophysics</i>. 2021;650. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039159">10.1051/0004-6361/202039159</a>'
  apa: 'Bugnet, L. A., Prat, V., Mathis, S., Astoul, A., Augustson, K., García, R.
    A., … Neiner, C. (2021). Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies: I. An
    axisymmetric fossil field inside the core of red giants. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>.
    EDP Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039159">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039159</a>'
  chicago: 'Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle, V. Prat, S. Mathis, A. Astoul, K. Augustson, R.
    A. García, S. Mathur, L. Amard, and C. Neiner. “Magnetic Signatures on Mixed-Mode
    Frequencies: I. An Axisymmetric Fossil Field inside the Core of Red Giants.” <i>Astronomy
    &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039159">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039159</a>.'
  ieee: 'L. A. Bugnet <i>et al.</i>, “Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies:
    I. An axisymmetric fossil field inside the core of red giants,” <i>Astronomy &#38;
    Astrophysics</i>, vol. 650. EDP Sciences, 2021.'
  ista: 'Bugnet LA, Prat V, Mathis S, Astoul A, Augustson K, García RA, Mathur S,
    Amard L, Neiner C. 2021. Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies: I. An
    axisymmetric fossil field inside the core of red giants. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics.
    650, A53.'
  mla: 'Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle, et al. “Magnetic Signatures on Mixed-Mode Frequencies:
    I. An Axisymmetric Fossil Field inside the Core of Red Giants.” <i>Astronomy &#38;
    Astrophysics</i>, vol. 650, A53, EDP Sciences, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039159">10.1051/0004-6361/202039159</a>.'
  short: L.A. Bugnet, V. Prat, S. Mathis, A. Astoul, K. Augustson, R.A. García, S.
    Mathur, L. Amard, C. Neiner, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 650 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-18T12:10:59Z
date_published: 2021-06-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T10:06:33Z
day: '07'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039159
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2102.01216'
intvolume: '       650'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- stars
- oscillations / stars
- magnetic field / stars
- interiors / stars
- evolution / stars
- rotation
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01216
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1432-0746
  issn:
  - 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies: I. An axisymmetric fossil field
  inside the core of red giants'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 650
year: '2021'
...