---
_id: '11488'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Hydrogen Lyα haloes (LAHs) are commonly used as a tracer of the circumgalactic
medium (CGM) at high redshifts. In this work, we aim to explore the existence
of Lyα haloes around individual UV-selected galaxies, rather than around Lyα emitters
(LAEs), at high redshifts. Our sample was continuum-selected with F775W ≤ 27.5,
and spectroscopic redshifts were assigned or constrained for all the sources thanks
to the deepest (100- to 140-h) existing Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Multi-Unit
Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data with adaptive optics. The final sample includes
21 galaxies that are purely F775W-magnitude selected within the redshift range
z ≈ 2.9 − 4.4 and within a UV magnitude range −20 ≤ M1500 ≤ −18, thus avoiding
any bias toward LAEs. We tested whether galaxy’s Lyα emission is significantly
more extended than the MUSE PSF-convolved continuum component. We find 17 LAHs
and four non-LAHs. We report the first individual detections of extended Lyα emission
around non-LAEs. The Lyα halo fraction is thus as high as 81.0−11.2+10.3%, which
is close to that for LAEs at z = 3 − 6 in the literature. This implies that UV-selected
galaxies generally have a large amount of hydrogen in their CGM. We derived the
mean surface brightness (SB) profile for our LAHs with cosmic dimming corrections
and find that Lyα emission extends to 5.4 arcsec (≃40 physical kpc at the midpoint
redshift z = 3.6) above the typical 1σ SB limit. The incidence rate of surrounding
gas detected in Lyα per one-dimensional line of sight per unit redshift, dn/dz,
is estimated to be 0.76−0.09+0.09 for galaxies with M1500 ≤ −18 mag at z ≃ 3.7.
Assuming that Lyα emission and absorption arise in the same gas, this suggests,
based on abundance matching, that LAHs trace the same gas as damped Lyα systems
(DLAs) and sub-DLAs.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments and suggestions.
We would like to express our gratitude to Edmund Christian Herenz, Leindert Boogard,
Miroslava Dessauges, Moupiya Maji, Valentin Mauerhofer, Charlotte Paola Simmonds
Wagemann, Masami Ouchi, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Akio Inoue, and Rieko Momose for giving
insightful comments and suggestions. H.K. is grateful to Liam McCarney for useful
suggestions on English writing through the UniGE’s Tandems linguistiques. H.K. acknowledges
support from Swiss Government Excellence Scholarships and Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS) Overseas Research Fellowship. H.K., F.L., and A.V. are
supported by the SNF grant PP00P2 176808. A.V. and T.G. are supported by the ERC
Starting Grant 757258“TRIPLE”. This work was supported by the Programme National
Cosmology et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and
CNES. This work is based on observations taken by VLT, which is operated by European
Southern Observatory. This research made use of Astropy, which is a community-developed
core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), and other
software and packages: MARZ, MPDAF (Piqueras et al. 2019), PHOTUTILS, Numpy (Harris
et al. 2020), Scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), and matplotlib (Hunter 2007).'
article_number: A44
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: Jérémy
full_name: Blaizot, Jérémy
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: Thibault
full_name: Garel, Thibault
last_name: Garel
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Sofia G.
full_name: Gallego, Sofia G.
last_name: Gallego
- first_name: Josephine
full_name: Kerutt, Josephine
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Roser
full_name: Pelló, Roser
last_name: Pelló
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Laurence
full_name: Tresse, Laurence
last_name: Tresse
- first_name: Tanya
full_name: Urrutia, Tanya
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: Eloïse
full_name: Vitte, Eloïse
last_name: Vitte
citation:
ama: 'Kusakabe H, Verhamme A, Blaizot J, et al. The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual
detections of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z
≃ 2.9–4.4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2022;660. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142302'
apa: 'Kusakabe, H., Verhamme, A., Blaizot, J., Garel, T., Wisotzki, L., Leclercq,
F., … Vitte, E. (2022). The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections of
Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4.
Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142302'
chicago: 'Kusakabe, Haruka, Anne Verhamme, Jérémy Blaizot, Thibault Garel, Lutz
Wisotzki, Floriane Leclercq, Roland Bacon, et al. “The MUSE EXtremely Deep Field:
Individual Detections of Lyα Haloes around Rest-Frame UV-Selected Galaxies
at z ≃ 2.9–4.4.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142302.'
ieee: 'H. Kusakabe et al., “The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections
of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4,”
Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 660. EDP Sciences, 2022.'
ista: 'Kusakabe H, Verhamme A, Blaizot J, Garel T, Wisotzki L, Leclercq F, Bacon
R, Schaye J, Gallego SG, Kerutt J, Matthee JJ, Maseda M, Nanayakkara T, Pelló
R, Richard J, Tresse L, Urrutia T, Vitte E. 2022. The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field:
Individual detections of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies
at z ≃ 2.9–4.4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 660, A44.'
mla: 'Kusakabe, Haruka, et al. “The MUSE EXtremely Deep Field: Individual Detections
of Lyα Haloes around Rest-Frame UV-Selected Galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4.”
Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 660, A44, EDP Sciences, 2022, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142302.'
short: H. Kusakabe, A. Verhamme, J. Blaizot, T. Garel, L. Wisotzki, F. Leclercq,
R. Bacon, J. Schaye, S.G. Gallego, J. Kerutt, J.J. Matthee, M. Maseda, T. Nanayakkara,
R. Pelló, J. Richard, L. Tresse, T. Urrutia, E. Vitte, Astronomy & Astrophysics
660 (2022).
date_created: 2022-07-05T14:27:26Z
date_published: 2022-04-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:33:24Z
day: '07'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202142302
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2201.07257'
intvolume: ' 660'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies: evolution / cosmology:
observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07257
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections of Lyα haloes
around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 660
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11497'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Context. The hydrogen Lyman α line is often the only measurable feature in
optical spectra of high-redshift galaxies. Its shape and strength are influenced
by radiative transfer processes and the properties of the underlying stellar population.
High equivalent widths of several hundred Å are especially hard to explain by
models and could point towards unusual stellar populations, for example with low
metallicities, young stellar ages, and a top-heavy initial mass function. Other
aspects influencing equivalent widths are the morphology of the galaxy and its
gas properties.\r\nAims. The aim of this study is to better understand the connection
between the Lyman α rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) and spectral properties
as well as ultraviolet (UV) continuum morphology by obtaining reliable EW0 histograms
for a statistical sample of galaxies and by assessing the fraction of objects
with large equivalent widths.\r\nMethods. We used integral field spectroscopy
from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) combined with broad-band data
from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to measure EW0. We analysed the emission
lines of 1920 Lyman α emitters (LAEs) detected in the full MUSE-Wide (one hour
exposure time) and MUSE-Deep (ten hour exposure time) surveys and found UV continuum
counterparts in archival HST data. We fitted the UV continuum photometric images
using the Galfit software to gain morphological information on the rest-UV emission
and fitted the spectra obtained from MUSE to determine the double peak fraction,
asymmetry, full-width at half maximum, and flux of the Lyman α line.\r\nResults.
The two surveys show different histograms of Lyman α EW0. In MUSE-Wide, 20% of
objects have EW0 > 240 Å, while this fraction is only 11% in MUSE-Deep and ≈16%
for the full sample. This includes objects without HST continuum counterparts
(one-third of our sample), for which we give lower limits for EW0. The object
with the highest securely measured EW0 has EW0 = 589 ± 193 Å (the highest lower
limit being EW0 = 4464 Å). We investigate the connection between EW0 and Lyman
α spectral or UV continuum morphological properties.\r\nConclusions. The survey
depth has to be taken into account when studying EW0 distributions. We find that
in general, high EW0 objects can have a wide range of spectral and UV morphological
properties, which might reflect that the underlying causes for high EW0 values
are equally varied."
acknowledgement: We thank the referee for thoughtful and constructive comments that
have improved the quality of this manuscript. Based on observations collected at
the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 1101.A-0127. This work made
use of v2.2.1 of the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis (BPASS) models as
described in Eldridge et al. (2017) and Stanway & Eldridge (2018). A.F. acknowledges
the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW_001. T.N. acknowledges support from
Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship FL180100060.
article_number: '183'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: J.
full_name: Kerutt, J.
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: L.
full_name: Wisotzki, L.
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: A.
full_name: Verhamme, A.
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: K. B.
full_name: Schmidt, K. B.
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: F.
full_name: Leclercq, F.
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: E. C.
full_name: Herenz, E. C.
last_name: Herenz
- first_name: T.
full_name: Urrutia, T.
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: T.
full_name: Garel, T.
last_name: Garel
- first_name: T.
full_name: Hashimoto, T.
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: M.
full_name: Maseda, M.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: H.
full_name: Kusakabe, H.
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: J.
full_name: Schaye, J.
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: J.
full_name: Richard, J.
last_name: Richard
- first_name: B.
full_name: Guiderdoni, B.
last_name: Guiderdoni
- first_name: V.
full_name: Mauerhofer, V.
last_name: Mauerhofer
- first_name: T.
full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: E.
full_name: Vitte, E.
last_name: Vitte
citation:
ama: Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, Verhamme A, et al. Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters
in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2022;659. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141900
apa: Kerutt, J., Wisotzki, L., Verhamme, A., Schmidt, K. B., Leclercq, F., Herenz,
E. C., … Vitte, E. (2022). Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide
and MUSE-Deep. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141900
chicago: Kerutt, J., L. Wisotzki, A. Verhamme, K. B. Schmidt, F. Leclercq, E. C.
Herenz, T. Urrutia, et al. “Equivalent Widths of Lyman α Emitters in MUSE-Wide
and MUSE-Deep.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141900.
ieee: J. Kerutt et al., “Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide
and MUSE-Deep,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 659. EDP Sciences, 2022.
ista: Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, Verhamme A, Schmidt KB, Leclercq F, Herenz EC, Urrutia
T, Garel T, Hashimoto T, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Kusakabe H, Schaye J, Richard J,
Guiderdoni B, Mauerhofer V, Nanayakkara T, Vitte E. 2022. Equivalent widths of
Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 659,
183.
mla: Kerutt, J., et al. “Equivalent Widths of Lyman α Emitters in MUSE-Wide and
MUSE-Deep.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 659, 183, EDP Sciences,
2022, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141900.
short: J. Kerutt, L. Wisotzki, A. Verhamme, K.B. Schmidt, F. Leclercq, E.C. Herenz,
T. Urrutia, T. Garel, T. Hashimoto, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, H. Kusakabe, J. Schaye,
J. Richard, B. Guiderdoni, V. Mauerhofer, T. Nanayakkara, E. Vitte, Astronomy
& Astrophysics 659 (2022).
date_created: 2022-07-06T08:17:27Z
date_published: 2022-03-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:47:16Z
day: '25'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141900
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2202.06642'
intvolume: ' 659'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies: evolution / cosmology:
observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.06642
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 659
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11498'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission lines probe electron densities, gas-phase
abundances, metallicities, and ionization parameters of the emitting star-forming
galaxies and their environments. The strongest main UV emission line, Lyα, has
been instrumental in advancing the general knowledge of galaxy formation in the
early universe. However, observing Lyα emission becomes increasingly challenging
at z ≳ 6 when the neutral hydrogen fraction of the circumgalactic and intergalactic
media increases. Secondary weaker UV emission lines provide important alternative
methods for studying galaxy properties at high redshift. We present a large sample
of rest-frame UV emission line sources at intermediate redshift for calibrating
and exploring the connection between secondary UV lines and the emitting galaxies’
physical properties and their Lyα emission. The sample of 2052 emission line sources
with 1.5 < z < 6.4 was collected from integral field data from the MUSE-Wide and
MUSE-Deep surveys taken as part of Guaranteed Time Observations. The objects were
selected through untargeted source detection (i.e., no preselection of sources
as in dedicated spectroscopic campaigns) in the three-dimensional MUSE data cubes.
We searched optimally extracted one-dimensional spectra of the full sample for
UV emission features via emission line template matching, resulting in a sample
of more than 100 rest-frame UV emission line detections. We show that the detection
efficiency of (non-Lyα) UV emission lines increases with survey depth, and that
the emission line strength of He IIλ1640 Å, [O III] λ1661 + O III] λ1666, and
[Si III] λ1883 + Si III] λ1892 correlate with the strength of [C III] λ1907 +
C III] λ1909. The rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) of [C III] λ1907 + C III]
λ1909 is found to be roughly 0.22 ± 0.18 of EW0(Lyα). We measured the velocity
offsets of resonant emission lines with respect to systemic tracers. For C IVλ1548
+ C IVλ1551 we find that ΔvC IV ≲ 250 km s−1, whereas ΔvLyα falls in the range
of 250−500 km s−1 which is in agreement with previous results from the literature.
The electron density ne measured from [Si III] λ1883 + Si III] λ1892 and [C III]
λ1907 + C III] λ1909 line flux ratios is generally < 105 cm−3 and the gas-phase
abundance is below solar at 12 + log10(O/H)≈8. Lastly, we used “PhotoIonization
Model Probability Density Functions” to infer physical parameters of the full
sample and individual systems based on photoionization model parameter grids and
observational constraints from our UV emission line searches. This reveals that
the UV line emitters generally have ionization parameter log10(U) ≈ −2.5 and metal
mass fractions that scatter around Z ≈ 10−2, that is Z ≈ 0.66 Z⊙. Value-added
catalogs of the full sample of MUSE objects studied in this work and a collection
of UV line emitters from the literature are provided with this paper.
acknowledgement: 'We would like to thank Charlotte Mason for useful discussions and
for providing the data for the curves shown in Fig. 13 and Dawn Erb for providing
the observational data for the comparison sample studied by Steidel et al. (2014),
also shown in Fig. 13. This work has been supported by the BMBF grant 05A14BAC and
we acknowledge support by the Competitive Fund of the Leibniz Association through
grant SAW-2015-AIP-2. AF acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW_001.
JS acknowledges the support from Vici grant 639.043.409 from the Dutch Research
Council (NWO). GM received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No MARACAS
– DLV-896778. This paper is based on observations collected at the European Organisation
for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programmes 094.A-0289(B),
095.A-0010(A), 096.A-0045(A), 096.A-0045(B), 094.A-0205, 095.A-0240, 096.A-0090,
097.A-0160, and 098.A-0017. This paper also makes use of observations made with
the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained at STScI. This research made use of
the following programs and open-source packages for Python and we are thankful to
their developers: DS9 (Joye & Mandel 2003), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013,
2018), APLpy (Robitaille & Bressert 2012), iPython (Pérez & Granger 2007), numpy
(van der Walt et al. 2011), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), and SciPy (Jones et al. 2001).'
article_number: A80
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: K. B.
full_name: Schmidt, K. B.
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: J.
full_name: Kerutt, J.
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: L.
full_name: Wisotzki, L.
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: T.
full_name: Urrutia, T.
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: A.
full_name: Feltre, A.
last_name: Feltre
- first_name: M. V.
full_name: Maseda, M. V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: T.
full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: R.
full_name: Bacon, R.
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: L. A.
full_name: Boogaard, L. A.
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: S.
full_name: Conseil, S.
last_name: Conseil
- first_name: T.
full_name: Contini, T.
last_name: Contini
- first_name: E. C.
full_name: Herenz, E. C.
last_name: Herenz
- first_name: W.
full_name: Kollatschny, W.
last_name: Kollatschny
- first_name: M.
full_name: Krumpe, M.
last_name: Krumpe
- first_name: F.
full_name: Leclercq, F.
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: G.
full_name: Mahler, G.
last_name: Mahler
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: V.
full_name: Mauerhofer, V.
last_name: Mauerhofer
- first_name: J.
full_name: Richard, J.
last_name: Richard
- first_name: J.
full_name: Schaye, J.
last_name: Schaye
citation:
ama: Schmidt KB, Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, et al. Recovery and analysis of rest-frame
UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4.
Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2021;654. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140876
apa: Schmidt, K. B., Kerutt, J., Wisotzki, L., Urrutia, T., Feltre, A., Maseda,
M. V., … Schaye, J. (2021). Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines
in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4. Astronomy &
Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876
chicago: Schmidt, K. B., J. Kerutt, L. Wisotzki, T. Urrutia, A. Feltre, M. V. Maseda,
T. Nanayakkara, et al. “Recovery and Analysis of Rest-Frame UV Emission Lines
in 2052 Galaxies Observed with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4.” Astronomy &
Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140876.
ieee: K. B. Schmidt et al., “Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission
lines in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4,” Astronomy
& Astrophysics, vol. 654. EDP Sciences, 2021.
ista: Schmidt KB, Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, Urrutia T, Feltre A, Maseda MV, Nanayakkara
T, Bacon R, Boogaard LA, Conseil S, Contini T, Herenz EC, Kollatschny W, Krumpe
M, Leclercq F, Mahler G, Matthee JJ, Mauerhofer V, Richard J, Schaye J. 2021.
Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed
with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 654, A80.
mla: Schmidt, K. B., et al. “Recovery and Analysis of Rest-Frame UV Emission Lines
in 2052 Galaxies Observed with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4.” Astronomy &
Astrophysics, vol. 654, A80, EDP Sciences, 2021, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140876.
short: K.B. Schmidt, J. Kerutt, L. Wisotzki, T. Urrutia, A. Feltre, M.V. Maseda,
T. Nanayakkara, R. Bacon, L.A. Boogaard, S. Conseil, T. Contini, E.C. Herenz,
W. Kollatschny, M. Krumpe, F. Leclercq, G. Mahler, J.J. Matthee, V. Mauerhofer,
J. Richard, J. Schaye, Astronomy & Astrophysics 654 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-06T08:49:03Z
date_published: 2021-10-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:34:36Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202140876
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2108.01713'
intvolume: ' 654'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'ultraviolet: galaxies / galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: ISM / ISM: lines and
bands / methods: observational / techniques: imaging spectroscopy'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.01713
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed
with MUSE at 1.5 < z < 6.4
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 654
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11500'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We report the discovery of diffuse extended Lyα emission from redshift 3.1
to 4.5, tracing cosmic web filaments on scales of 2.5−4 cMpc. These structures
have been observed in overdensities of Lyα emitters in the MUSE Extremely Deep
Field, a 140 h deep MUSE observation located in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field. Among
the 22 overdense regions identified, five are likely to harbor very extended Lyα
emission at high significance with an average surface brightness of 5 × 10−20
erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2. Remarkably, 70% of the total Lyα luminosity from these
filaments comes from beyond the circumgalactic medium of any identified Lyα emitter.
Fluorescent Lyα emission powered by the cosmic UV background can only account
for less than 34% of this emission at z ≈ 3 and for not more than 10% at higher
redshift. We find that the bulk of this diffuse emission can be reproduced by
the unresolved Lyα emission of a large population of ultra low-luminosity Lyα
emitters (< 1040 erg s−1), provided that the faint end of the Lyα luminosity function
is steep (α ⪅ −1.8), it extends down to luminosities lower than 1038 − 1037 erg
s−1, and the clustering of these Lyα emitters is significant (filling factor <
1/6). If these Lyα emitters are powered by star formation, then this implies their
luminosity function needs to extend down to star formation rates < 10−4 M⊙ yr−1.
These observations provide the first detection of the cosmic web in Lyα emission
in typical filamentary environments and the first observational clue indicating
the existence of a large population of ultra low-luminosity Lyα emitters at high
redshift.
acknowledgement: 'We warmly thank ESO Paranal staff for their great professional support
during all MXDF GTO observing runs. We thank the anonymous referee for a careful
reading of the manuscript and helpful comments. We also thank Matthew Lehnert for
fruitful discussions. RB, AF, SC acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant
339659-MUSICOS. JB acknowledges support by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
(FCT) through the research grants UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020
and through the Investigador FCT Contract No. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. TG, AV
acknowledges support from the European Research Council under grant agreement ERC-stg-757258
(TRIPLE). DM acknowledges A. Dabbech for useful interactions about IUWT and support
from the GDR ISIS through the Projets exploratoires program (project TASTY). AF
acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW_001. SLZ acknowledges
support by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) through a
TOP Grant Module 1 under project number 614.001.652. This research made use of the
following open-source software and we are thankful to the developers of these: GNU
Octave (Eaton et al. 2018) and its statistics, signal and image packages, the Python
packages Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Numpy (van der Walt et al. 2010), MPDAF (Piqueras
et al. 2017), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2018), PyWavelets (Lee et al. 2019).'
article_number: A107
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: R.
full_name: Bacon, R.
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: D.
full_name: Mary, D.
last_name: Mary
- first_name: T.
full_name: Garel, T.
last_name: Garel
- first_name: J.
full_name: Blaizot, J.
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: M.
full_name: Maseda, M.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: J.
full_name: Schaye, J.
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: L.
full_name: Wisotzki, L.
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: S.
full_name: Conseil, S.
last_name: Conseil
- first_name: J.
full_name: Brinchmann, J.
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: F.
full_name: Leclercq, F.
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: V.
full_name: Abril-Melgarejo, V.
last_name: Abril-Melgarejo
- first_name: L.
full_name: Boogaard, L.
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: N. F.
full_name: Bouché, N. F.
last_name: Bouché
- first_name: T.
full_name: Contini, T.
last_name: Contini
- first_name: A.
full_name: Feltre, A.
last_name: Feltre
- first_name: B.
full_name: Guiderdoni, B.
last_name: Guiderdoni
- first_name: C.
full_name: Herenz, C.
last_name: Herenz
- first_name: W.
full_name: Kollatschny, W.
last_name: Kollatschny
- first_name: H.
full_name: Kusakabe, H.
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: L.
full_name: Michel-Dansac, L.
last_name: Michel-Dansac
- first_name: T.
full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: J.
full_name: Richard, J.
last_name: Richard
- first_name: M.
full_name: Roth, M.
last_name: Roth
- first_name: K. B.
full_name: Schmidt, K. B.
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: M.
full_name: Steinmetz, M.
last_name: Steinmetz
- first_name: L.
full_name: Tresse, L.
last_name: Tresse
- first_name: T.
full_name: Urrutia, T.
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: A.
full_name: Verhamme, A.
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: P. M.
full_name: Weilbacher, P. M.
last_name: Weilbacher
- first_name: J.
full_name: Zabl, J.
last_name: Zabl
- first_name: S. L.
full_name: Zoutendijk, S. L.
last_name: Zoutendijk
citation:
ama: 'Bacon R, Mary D, Garel T, et al. The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic
web in emission at high redshift. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2021;647.
doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039887'
apa: 'Bacon, R., Mary, D., Garel, T., Blaizot, J., Maseda, M., Schaye, J., … Zoutendijk,
S. L. (2021). The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic web in emission at high
redshift. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887'
chicago: 'Bacon, R., D. Mary, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, M. Maseda, J. Schaye, L. Wisotzki,
et al. “The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The Cosmic Web in Emission at High Redshift.”
Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039887.'
ieee: 'R. Bacon et al., “The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic web in
emission at high redshift,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 647. EDP
Sciences, 2021.'
ista: 'Bacon R, Mary D, Garel T, Blaizot J, Maseda M, Schaye J, Wisotzki L, Conseil
S, Brinchmann J, Leclercq F, Abril-Melgarejo V, Boogaard L, Bouché NF, Contini
T, Feltre A, Guiderdoni B, Herenz C, Kollatschny W, Kusakabe H, Matthee JJ, Michel-Dansac
L, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Roth M, Schmidt KB, Steinmetz M, Tresse L, Urrutia
T, Verhamme A, Weilbacher PM, Zabl J, Zoutendijk SL. 2021. The MUSE Extremely
Deep Field: The cosmic web in emission at high redshift. Astronomy & Astrophysics.
647, A107.'
mla: 'Bacon, R., et al. “The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The Cosmic Web in Emission
at High Redshift.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 647, A107, EDP Sciences,
2021, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039887.'
short: R. Bacon, D. Mary, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, M. Maseda, J. Schaye, L. Wisotzki,
S. Conseil, J. Brinchmann, F. Leclercq, V. Abril-Melgarejo, L. Boogaard, N.F.
Bouché, T. Contini, A. Feltre, B. Guiderdoni, C. Herenz, W. Kollatschny, H. Kusakabe,
J.J. Matthee, L. Michel-Dansac, T. Nanayakkara, J. Richard, M. Roth, K.B. Schmidt,
M. Steinmetz, L. Tresse, T. Urrutia, A. Verhamme, P.M. Weilbacher, J. Zabl, S.L.
Zoutendijk, Astronomy & Astrophysics 647 (2021).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:31:50Z
date_published: 2021-03-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:34:57Z
day: '18'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039887
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2102.05516'
intvolume: ' 647'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: groups: general / cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.05516
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: The cosmic web in emission at high redshift'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 647
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11504'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present spatially resolved maps of six individually-detected Lyman α haloes
(LAHs) as well as a first statistical analysis of the Lyman α (Lyα) spectral signature
in the circum-galactic medium of high-redshift star-forming galaxies (−17.5 >
MUV > −21.5) using the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. Our resolved spectroscopic
analysis of the LAHs reveals significant intrahalo variations of the Lyα line
profile. Using a three-dimensional two-component model for the Lyα emission, we
measured the full width at half maximum (FWHM), the peak velocity shift, and the
asymmetry of the Lyα line in the core and in the halo of 19 galaxies. We find
that the Lyα line shape is statistically different in the halo compared to the
core (in terms of width, peak wavelength, and asymmetry) for ≈40% of our galaxies.
Similarly to object-by-object based studies and a recent resolved study using
lensing, we find a correlation between the peak velocity shift and the width of
the Lyα line both at the interstellar and circum-galactic scales. This trend has
been predicted by radiative transfer simulations of galactic winds as a result
of resonant scattering in outflows. While there is a lack of correlation between
the spectral properties and the spatial scale lengths of our LAHs, we find a correlation
between the width of the line in the LAH and the halo flux fraction. Interestingly,
UV bright galaxies (MUV < −20) show broader, more redshifted, and less asymmetric
Lyα lines in their haloes. The most significant correlation found is for the FWHM
of the line and the UV continuum slope of the galaxy, suggesting that the redder
galaxies have broader Lyα lines. The generally broad and red line shapes found
in the halo component suggest that the Lyα haloes are powered either by scattering
processes through an outflowing medium, fluorescent emission from outflowing cold
clumps of gas, or a mix of both. Considering the large diversity of the Lyα line
profiles observed in our sample and the lack of strong correlation, the interpretation
of our results is still broadly open and underlines the need for realistic spatially
resolved models of the LAHs.
acknowledgement: F.L., R.B., and S.C. acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant
339659-MUSICOS. F.L., T.G., H.K., and A.V. acknowledge support from the ERC starting
grant ERC-757258-TRIPLE. A.C. and J.R. acknowledge support from the ERC starting
grant 336736-CALENDS. J.B. acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds
(PID-DAC) by grant UID/FIS/04434/2019 and through Investigador FCT Contract No.IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003.
T.H. was supported by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT,
Japan.
article_number: A82
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: Thibault
full_name: Garel, Thibault
last_name: Garel
- first_name: Jérémy
full_name: Blaizot, Jérémy
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: Jarle
full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Adélaïde
full_name: Claeyssens, Adélaïde
last_name: Claeyssens
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Conseil, Simon
last_name: Conseil
- first_name: Thierry
full_name: Contini, Thierry
last_name: Contini
- first_name: Takuya
full_name: Hashimoto, Takuya
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: Edmund Christian
full_name: Herenz, Edmund Christian
last_name: Herenz
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Raffaella Anna
full_name: Marino, Raffaella Anna
last_name: Marino
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Mitchell, Peter
last_name: Mitchell
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Kasper Borello
full_name: Schmidt, Kasper Borello
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
citation:
ama: 'Leclercq F, Bacon R, Verhamme A, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey:
XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming
galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2020;635. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937339'
apa: 'Leclercq, F., Bacon, R., Verhamme, A., Garel, T., Blaizot, J., Brinchmann,
J., … Wisotzki, L. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially
resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at
z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937339'
chicago: 'Leclercq, Floriane, Roland Bacon, Anne Verhamme, Thibault Garel, Jérémy
Blaizot, Jarle Brinchmann, Sebastiano Cantalupo, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra
Deep Field Survey: XIII. Spatially Resolved Spectral Properties of Lyman α Haloes
around Star-Forming Galaxies at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937339.'
ieee: 'F. Leclercq et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII.
Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies
at z > 3,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 635. EDP Sciences, 2020.'
ista: 'Leclercq F, Bacon R, Verhamme A, Garel T, Blaizot J, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo
S, Claeyssens A, Conseil S, Contini T, Hashimoto T, Herenz EC, Kusakabe H, Marino
RA, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Mitchell P, Pezzulli G, Richard J, Schmidt KB, Wisotzki
L. 2020. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral
properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy
& Astrophysics. 635, A82.'
mla: 'Leclercq, Floriane, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIII.
Spatially Resolved Spectral Properties of Lyman α Haloes around Star-Forming Galaxies
at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 635, A82, EDP Sciences,
2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937339.'
short: F. Leclercq, R. Bacon, A. Verhamme, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, J. Brinchmann,
S. Cantalupo, A. Claeyssens, S. Conseil, T. Contini, T. Hashimoto, E.C. Herenz,
H. Kusakabe, R.A. Marino, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, P. Mitchell, G. Pezzulli, J.
Richard, K.B. Schmidt, L. Wisotzki, Astronomy & Astrophysics 635 (2020).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:56:20Z
date_published: 2020-03-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:36:58Z
day: '11'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201937339
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2002.05731'
intvolume: ' 635'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- 'Astronomy and Astrophysics galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies:
evolution / cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.05731
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral
properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 635
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11507'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Lyman-α (Lyα) is intrinsically the brightest line emitted from active galaxies.
While it originates from many physical processes, for star-forming galaxies the
intrinsic Lyα luminosity is a direct tracer of the Lyman-continuum (LyC) radiation
produced by the most massive O- and early-type B-stars (M⋆ ≳ 10 M⊙) with lifetimes
of a few Myrs. As such, Lyα luminosity should be an excellent instantaneous star
formation rate (SFR) indicator. However, its resonant nature and susceptibility
to dust as a rest-frame UV photon makes Lyα very hard to interpret due to the
uncertain Lyα escape fraction, fesc, Lyα. Here we explore results from the CAlibrating
LYMan-α with Hα (CALYMHA) survey at z = 2.2, follow-up of Lyα emitters (LAEs)
at z = 2.2 − 2.6 and a z ∼ 0−0.3 compilation of LAEs to directly measure fesc, Lyα
with Hα. We derive a simple empirical relation that robustly retrieves fesc, Lyα
as a function of Lyα rest-frame EW (EW0): fesc,Lyα = 0.0048 EW0[Å] ± 0.05 and
we show that it constrains a well-defined anti-correlation between ionisation
efficiency (ξion) and dust extinction in LAEs. Observed Lyα luminosities and EW0
are easy measurable quantities at high redshift, thus making our relation a practical
tool to estimate intrinsic Lyα and LyC luminosities under well controlled and
simple assumptions. Our results allow observed Lyα luminosities to be used to
compute SFRs for LAEs at z ∼ 0−2.6 within ±0.2 dex of the Hα dust corrected SFRs.
We apply our empirical SFR(Lyα,EW0) calibration to several sources at z ≥ 2.6
to find that star-forming LAEs have SFRs typically ranging from 0.1 to 20 M⊙ yr−1
and that our calibration might be even applicable for the most luminous LAEs within
the epoch of re-ionisation. Our results imply high ionisation efficiencies (log10[ξion/Hz erg−1]
= 25.4−25.6) and low dust content in LAEs across cosmic time, and will be easily
tested with future observations with JWST which can obtain Hα and Hβ measurements
for high-redshift LAEs.'
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referees for multiple comments and suggestions
which have improved the manuscript. JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD
fellowship from Leiden University. We have benefited greatly from the publicly available
programming language PYTHON, including the NUMPY & SCIPY (Van Der Walt et al. 2011;
Jones et al. 2001), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007) and ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration
2013) packages, and the TOPCAT analysis program (Taylor 2013). The results and samples
of LAEs used for this paper are publicly available (see e.g. Sobral et al. 2017,
2018a) and we also provide the toy model used as a PYTHON script.
article_number: A157
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
citation:
ama: 'Sobral D, Matthee JJ. Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple observable:
Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator. Astronomy
& Astrophysics. 2019;623. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833075'
apa: 'Sobral, D., & Matthee, J. J. (2019). Predicting Lyα escape fractions with
a simple observable: Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation
rate indicator. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833075'
chicago: 'Sobral, David, and Jorryt J Matthee. “Predicting Lyα Escape Fractions
with a Simple Observable: Lyα in Emission as an Empirically Calibrated Star Formation
Rate Indicator.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833075.'
ieee: 'D. Sobral and J. J. Matthee, “Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple
observable: Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator,”
Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 623. EDP Sciences, 2019.'
ista: 'Sobral D, Matthee JJ. 2019. Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple
observable: Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator.
Astronomy & Astrophysics. 623, A157.'
mla: 'Sobral, David, and Jorryt J. Matthee. “Predicting Lyα Escape Fractions with
a Simple Observable: Lyα in Emission as an Empirically Calibrated Star Formation
Rate Indicator.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 623, A157, EDP Sciences,
2019, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833075.'
short: D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, Astronomy & Astrophysics 623 (2019).
date_created: 2022-07-06T11:08:16Z
date_published: 2019-03-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:37:20Z
day: '26'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833075
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1803.08923'
intvolume: ' 623'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: star formation / galaxies: statistics / galaxies:
evolution / galaxies: formation / galaxies: ISM'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.08923
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple observable: Lyα in emission
as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 623
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '11508'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Distant luminous Lyman-α emitters (LAEs) are excellent targets for spectroscopic
observations of galaxies in the epoch of reionisation (EoR). We present deep high-resolution
(R = 5000) VLT/X-shooter observations, along with an extensive collection of photometric
data of COLA1, a proposed double peaked LAE at z = 6.6. We rule out the possibility
that COLA1’s emission line is an [OII] doublet at z = 1.475 on the basis of i)
the asymmetric red line-profile and flux ratio of the peaks (blue/red=0.31 ± 0.03)
and ii) an unphysical [OII]/Hα ratio ([OII]/Hα > 22). We show that COLA1’s observed
B-band flux is explained by a faint extended foreground LAE, for which we detect
Lyα and [OIII] at z = 2.142. We thus conclude that COLA1 is a real double-peaked
LAE at z = 6.593, the first discovered at z > 6. COLA1 is UV luminous (M1500 = −21.6 ± 0.3),
has a high equivalent width (EW0,Lyα = 120−40+50 Å) and very compact Lyα emission
(r50,Lyα = 0.33−0.04+0.07 kpc). Relatively weak inferred Hβ+[OIII] line-emission
from Spitzer/IRAC indicates an extremely low metallicity of Z < 1/20 Z⊙ or reduced
strength of nebular lines due to high escape of ionising photons. The small Lyα
peak separation of 220 ± 20 km s−1 implies a low HI column density and an ionising
photon escape fraction of ≈15 − 30%, providing the first direct evidence that
such galaxies contribute actively to the reionisation of the Universe at z > 6.
Based on simple estimates, we find that COLA1 could have provided just enough
photons to reionise its own ≈0.3 pMpc (2.3 cMpc) bubble, allowing the blue Lyα
line to be observed. However, we also discuss alternative scenarios explaining
the detected double peaked nature of COLA1. Our results show that future high-resolution
observations of statistical samples of double peaked LAEs at z > 5 are a promising
probe of the occurrence of ionised regions around galaxies in the EoR.
acknowledgement: JM acknowledges the award of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden
University. MG acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX17AK58G. APA, PhD::SPACE
fellow, acknowledges support from the FCT through the fellowship PD/BD/52706/2014.
Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory
under programme IDs 294.A-5018, 098.A-0819, 099.A-0254 and 0100.A-0213. We are grateful
for the excellent data-sets from the COSMOS and UltraVISTA survey teams. This research
was supported by the Munich Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics (MIAPP) of
the DFG cluster of excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe”. We thank the
referee for their comments that improved the paper. We also thank Christoph Behrens,
Len Cowie, Koki Kakiichi, Peter Laursen, Charlotte Mason, Eros Vanzella, Lewis Weinberger
and Johannes Zabl for discussions. We have benefited from the public available programming
language Python, including the numpy, matplotlib, scipy and astropy packages (Hunter
2007; Astropy Collaboration 2013), the astronomical imaging tools Swarp (Bertin
2010) and ds9 and the Topcat analysis tool (Taylor 2013).
article_number: A136
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Max
full_name: Gronke, Max
last_name: Gronke
- first_name: Ana
full_name: Paulino-Afonso, Ana
last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: Mauro
full_name: Stefanon, Mauro
last_name: Stefanon
- first_name: Huub
full_name: Röttgering, Huub
last_name: Röttgering
citation:
ama: 'Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Gronke M, Paulino-Afonso A, Stefanon M, Röttgering H.
Confirmation of double peaked Lyα emission at z = 6.593: Witnessing a galaxy directly
contributing to the reionisation of the universe. Astronomy & Astrophysics.
2018;619. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833528'
apa: 'Matthee, J. J., Sobral, D., Gronke, M., Paulino-Afonso, A., Stefanon, M.,
& Röttgering, H. (2018). Confirmation of double peaked Lyα emission at z =
6.593: Witnessing a galaxy directly contributing to the reionisation of the universe.
Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833528'
chicago: 'Matthee, Jorryt J, David Sobral, Max Gronke, Ana Paulino-Afonso, Mauro
Stefanon, and Huub Röttgering. “Confirmation of Double Peaked Lyα Emission at
z = 6.593: Witnessing a Galaxy Directly Contributing to the Reionisation of the
Universe.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833528.'
ieee: 'J. J. Matthee, D. Sobral, M. Gronke, A. Paulino-Afonso, M. Stefanon, and
H. Röttgering, “Confirmation of double peaked Lyα emission at z = 6.593: Witnessing
a galaxy directly contributing to the reionisation of the universe,” Astronomy
& Astrophysics, vol. 619. EDP Sciences, 2018.'
ista: 'Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Gronke M, Paulino-Afonso A, Stefanon M, Röttgering
H. 2018. Confirmation of double peaked Lyα emission at z = 6.593: Witnessing a
galaxy directly contributing to the reionisation of the universe. Astronomy &
Astrophysics. 619, A136.'
mla: 'Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Confirmation of Double Peaked Lyα Emission at
z = 6.593: Witnessing a Galaxy Directly Contributing to the Reionisation of the
Universe.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 619, A136, EDP Sciences,
2018, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833528.'
short: J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, M. Gronke, A. Paulino-Afonso, M. Stefanon, H. Röttgering,
Astronomy & Astrophysics 619 (2018).
date_created: 2022-07-06T11:14:23Z
date_published: 2018-11-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:32:08Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833528
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1805.11621'
intvolume: ' 619'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / dark ages / reionization / first
stars / techniques: spectroscopic / intergalactic medium'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.11621
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Confirmation of double peaked Lyα emission at z = 6.593: Witnessing a galaxy
directly contributing to the reionisation of the universe'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 619
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '11518'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We present spectroscopic follow-up observations of CR7 with ALMA, targeted
at constraining the infrared (IR) continuum and [C II]158 mm line-emission at
high spatial resolution matched to the HST/WFC3 imaging. CR7 is a luminous Lyα
emitting galaxy at z = 6.6 that consists of three separated UV-continuum components.
Our observations reveal several well-separated components of [C II] emission.
The two most luminous components in [C II] coincide with the brightest UV components
(A and B), blueshifted by »150 km s−1 with respect to the\r\npeak of Lyα emission.
Other [C II] components are observed close to UV clumps B and C and are blueshifted
by »300 and ≈80 km s−1 with respect to the systemic redshift. We do not detect
FIR continuum emission due to dust with a 3σ limiting luminosity LIR T L d 35
K 3.1 10 = <´ 10 ( ) . This allows us to mitigate uncertainties in the dust-corrected
SFR and derive SFRs for the three UV clumps A, B, and C of 28, 5, and 7 M yr−1.
All clumps have [C II] luminosities consistent within the scatter observed in
the local relation between SFR and L[ ] C II , implying that strong Lyα emission
does not necessarily anti-correlate with [C II] luminosity. Combining\r\nour measurements
with the literature, we show that galaxies with blue UV slopes have weaker [C
II] emission at fixed SFR, potentially due to their lower metallicities and/or
higher photoionization. Comparison with hydrodynamical simulations suggests that
CR7ʼs clumps have metallicities of 0.1 Z Z 0.2 < < . The observed ISM structure
of CR7 indicates that we are likely witnessing the build up of a central galaxy
in the early universe through complex accretion of satellites."
acknowledgement: 'We thank the referee for their constructive comments, which have
helped improve the quality and clarity of this work. We thank Raffaella Schneider
for comments on an earlier version of this paper. We thank Leindert Boogaard, Steven
Bos, Rychard Bouwens, and Renske Smit for discussions. J.M. acknowledges the support
of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden University. D.S. acknowledges financial
support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific research (NWO) through
a Veni fellowship and from Lancaster University through an Early Career Internal
Grant A100679. A.F. acknowledges support from the ERC Advanced Grant INTERSTELLAR
H2020/740120. B.D. acknowledges financial support from NASA through the Astrophysics
Data Analysis Program (ADAP), grant number NNX12AE20G. Based on observations made
with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 294.A-5018.
This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2015.1.00122.S. ALMA
is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan),
together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea),
in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated
by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ.'
article_number: '145'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: D.
full_name: Sobral, D.
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: F.
full_name: Boone, F.
last_name: Boone
- first_name: H.
full_name: Röttgering, H.
last_name: Röttgering
- first_name: D.
full_name: Schaerer, D.
last_name: Schaerer
- first_name: M.
full_name: Girard, M.
last_name: Girard
- first_name: A.
full_name: Pallottini, A.
last_name: Pallottini
- first_name: L.
full_name: Vallini, L.
last_name: Vallini
- first_name: A.
full_name: Ferrara, A.
last_name: Ferrara
- first_name: B.
full_name: Darvish, B.
last_name: Darvish
- first_name: B.
full_name: Mobasher, B.
last_name: Mobasher
citation:
ama: Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Boone F, et al. ALMA reveals metals yet no dust within
multiple components in CR7. The Astrophysical Journal. 2017;851(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa9931
apa: Matthee, J. J., Sobral, D., Boone, F., Röttgering, H., Schaerer, D., Girard,
M., … Mobasher, B. (2017). ALMA reveals metals yet no dust within multiple components
in CR7. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9931
chicago: Matthee, Jorryt J, D. Sobral, F. Boone, H. Röttgering, D. Schaerer, M.
Girard, A. Pallottini, et al. “ALMA Reveals Metals yet No Dust within Multiple
Components in CR7.” The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9931.
ieee: J. J. Matthee et al., “ALMA reveals metals yet no dust within multiple
components in CR7,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 851, no. 2. IOP Publishing,
2017.
ista: Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Boone F, Röttgering H, Schaerer D, Girard M, Pallottini
A, Vallini L, Ferrara A, Darvish B, Mobasher B. 2017. ALMA reveals metals yet
no dust within multiple components in CR7. The Astrophysical Journal. 851(2),
145.
mla: Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “ALMA Reveals Metals yet No Dust within Multiple
Components in CR7.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 851, no. 2, 145, IOP
Publishing, 2017, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa9931.
short: J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, F. Boone, H. Röttgering, D. Schaerer, M. Girard,
A. Pallottini, L. Vallini, A. Ferrara, B. Darvish, B. Mobasher, The Astrophysical
Journal 851 (2017).
date_created: 2022-07-07T08:48:04Z
date_published: 2017-12-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:23:35Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa9931
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1709.06569'
intvolume: ' 851'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- dark ages
- reionization
- 'first stars – galaxies: formation – galaxies: high-redshift – galaxies: ISM – galaxies:
kinematics and dynamics'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.06569
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: ALMA reveals metals yet no dust within multiple components in CR7
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 851
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '11520'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present the spatially resolved Hα dynamics of 16 star-forming galaxies
at z ∼ 0.81 using the new KMOS multi-object integral field spectrograph on the
ESO Very Large Telescope. These galaxies, selected using 1.18 μm narrowband imaging
from the 10 deg2 CFHT-HiZELS survey of the SA 22 hr field, are found in a ∼4 Mpc
overdensity of Hα emitters and likely reside in a group/intermediate environment,
but not a cluster. We confirm and identify a rich group of star-forming galaxies
at z = 0.813 ± 0.003, with 13 galaxies within 1000 km s−1 of each other, and seven
within a diameter of 3 Mpc. All of our galaxies are “typical” star-forming galaxies
at their redshift, 0.8 ± 0.4 SFR$^*_{z = 0.8}$, spanning a range of specific star
formation rates (sSFRs) of 0.2–1.1 Gyr−1 and have a median metallicity very close
to solar of 12 + log(O/H) = 8.62 ± 0.06. We measure the spatially resolved Hα
dynamics of the galaxies in our sample and show that 13 out of 16 galaxies can
be described by rotating disks and use the data to derive inclination corrected
rotation speeds of 50–275 km s−1. The fraction of disks within our sample is 75%
± 8%, consistent with previous results based on Hubble Space Telescope morphologies
of Hα-selected galaxies at z ∼ 1 and confirming that disks dominate the SFR density
at z ∼ 1. Our Hα galaxies are well fitted by the z ∼ 1–2 Tully–Fisher (TF) relation,
confirming the evolution seen in the zero point. Apart from having, on average,
higher stellar masses and lower sSFRs, our group galaxies at z = 0.81 present
the same mass–metallicity and TF relation as z ∼ 1 field galaxies and are all
disk galaxies.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the referee for many helpful comments and suggestions which
greatly improved the clarity and quality of this work. D.S. acknowledges financial
support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific research (NWO) through
a Veni fellowship and also funding from the European Community Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number RG226604 (OPTICON) which
allowed access to CFHT time (proposals: 11BO29 & 12AO19). A.M.S. gratefully acknowledges
an STFC Advanced Fellowship through grant number ST/H005234/1. I.R.S., J.P.S., and
R.G.B. acknowledge support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council
(STFC) under ST/I001573/1. I.R.S. acknowledges STFC (ST/J001422/1), the ERC Advanced
Investigator program DUSTYGAL and a Royal Society/Wolfson Merit Award. P.N.B. acknowledges
support from STFC. R.M.S. acknowledges support from the grant ST/1001573/1. The
data presented here are based on observations with the KMOS spectrograph on the
ESO/VLT under program 60.A-9460 and can be accessed through the ESO data archive.
The authors also wish to acknowledge the help from Michael Hilker in preparing the
KMOS observations.'
article_number: '139'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: D.
full_name: Sobral, D.
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: A. M.
full_name: Swinbank, A. M.
last_name: Swinbank
- first_name: J. P.
full_name: Stott, J. P.
last_name: Stott
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: R. G.
full_name: Bower, R. G.
last_name: Bower
- first_name: Ian
full_name: Smail, Ian
last_name: Smail
- first_name: P.
full_name: Best, P.
last_name: Best
- first_name: J. E.
full_name: Geach, J. E.
last_name: Geach
- first_name: R. M.
full_name: Sharples, R. M.
last_name: Sharples
citation:
ama: Sobral D, Swinbank AM, Stott JP, et al. The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected
star-forming galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS. The Astrophysical Journal. 2013;779(2).
doi:10.1088/0004-637x/779/2/139
apa: Sobral, D., Swinbank, A. M., Stott, J. P., Matthee, J. J., Bower, R. G., Smail,
I., … Sharples, R. M. (2013). The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected star-forming
galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/779/2/139
chicago: Sobral, D., A. M. Swinbank, J. P. Stott, Jorryt J Matthee, R. G. Bower,
Ian Smail, P. Best, J. E. Geach, and R. M. Sharples. “The Dynamics of Z=0.8 H-Alpha-Selected
Star-Forming Galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS.” The Astrophysical Journal.
IOP Publishing, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/779/2/139.
ieee: D. Sobral et al., “The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected star-forming
galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 779, no.
2. IOP Publishing, 2013.
ista: Sobral D, Swinbank AM, Stott JP, Matthee JJ, Bower RG, Smail I, Best P, Geach
JE, Sharples RM. 2013. The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected star-forming galaxies
from KMOS/CF-HiZELS. The Astrophysical Journal. 779(2), 139.
mla: Sobral, D., et al. “The Dynamics of Z=0.8 H-Alpha-Selected Star-Forming Galaxies
from KMOS/CF-HiZELS.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 779, no. 2, 139,
IOP Publishing, 2013, doi:10.1088/0004-637x/779/2/139.
short: D. Sobral, A.M. Swinbank, J.P. Stott, J.J. Matthee, R.G. Bower, I. Smail,
P. Best, J.E. Geach, R.M. Sharples, The Astrophysical Journal 779 (2013).
date_created: 2022-07-07T09:14:48Z
date_published: 2013-12-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:43:07Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1088/0004-637x/779/2/139
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1310.3822'
intvolume: ' 779'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution – galaxies'
- high-redshift – galaxies
- starburst
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1310.3822
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected star-forming galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 779
year: '2013'
...