---
_id: '11488'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Hydrogen Lyα haloes (LAHs) are commonly used as a tracer of the circumgalactic
medium (CGM) at high redshifts. In this work, we aim to explore the existence
of Lyα haloes around individual UV-selected galaxies, rather than around Lyα emitters
(LAEs), at high redshifts. Our sample was continuum-selected with F775W ≤ 27.5,
and spectroscopic redshifts were assigned or constrained for all the sources thanks
to the deepest (100- to 140-h) existing Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Multi-Unit
Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data with adaptive optics. The final sample includes
21 galaxies that are purely F775W-magnitude selected within the redshift range
z ≈ 2.9 − 4.4 and within a UV magnitude range −20 ≤ M1500 ≤ −18, thus avoiding
any bias toward LAEs. We tested whether galaxy’s Lyα emission is significantly
more extended than the MUSE PSF-convolved continuum component. We find 17 LAHs
and four non-LAHs. We report the first individual detections of extended Lyα emission
around non-LAEs. The Lyα halo fraction is thus as high as 81.0−11.2+10.3%, which
is close to that for LAEs at z = 3 − 6 in the literature. This implies that UV-selected
galaxies generally have a large amount of hydrogen in their CGM. We derived the
mean surface brightness (SB) profile for our LAHs with cosmic dimming corrections
and find that Lyα emission extends to 5.4 arcsec (≃40 physical kpc at the midpoint
redshift z = 3.6) above the typical 1σ SB limit. The incidence rate of surrounding
gas detected in Lyα per one-dimensional line of sight per unit redshift, dn/dz,
is estimated to be 0.76−0.09+0.09 for galaxies with M1500 ≤ −18 mag at z ≃ 3.7.
Assuming that Lyα emission and absorption arise in the same gas, this suggests,
based on abundance matching, that LAHs trace the same gas as damped Lyα systems
(DLAs) and sub-DLAs.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments and suggestions.
We would like to express our gratitude to Edmund Christian Herenz, Leindert Boogard,
Miroslava Dessauges, Moupiya Maji, Valentin Mauerhofer, Charlotte Paola Simmonds
Wagemann, Masami Ouchi, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Akio Inoue, and Rieko Momose for giving
insightful comments and suggestions. H.K. is grateful to Liam McCarney for useful
suggestions on English writing through the UniGE’s Tandems linguistiques. H.K. acknowledges
support from Swiss Government Excellence Scholarships and Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS) Overseas Research Fellowship. H.K., F.L., and A.V. are
supported by the SNF grant PP00P2 176808. A.V. and T.G. are supported by the ERC
Starting Grant 757258“TRIPLE”. This work was supported by the Programme National
Cosmology et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and
CNES. This work is based on observations taken by VLT, which is operated by European
Southern Observatory. This research made use of Astropy, which is a community-developed
core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), and other
software and packages: MARZ, MPDAF (Piqueras et al. 2019), PHOTUTILS, Numpy (Harris
et al. 2020), Scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), and matplotlib (Hunter 2007).'
article_number: A44
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: Jérémy
full_name: Blaizot, Jérémy
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: Thibault
full_name: Garel, Thibault
last_name: Garel
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Sofia G.
full_name: Gallego, Sofia G.
last_name: Gallego
- first_name: Josephine
full_name: Kerutt, Josephine
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Roser
full_name: Pelló, Roser
last_name: Pelló
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Laurence
full_name: Tresse, Laurence
last_name: Tresse
- first_name: Tanya
full_name: Urrutia, Tanya
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: Eloïse
full_name: Vitte, Eloïse
last_name: Vitte
citation:
ama: 'Kusakabe H, Verhamme A, Blaizot J, et al. The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual
detections of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z
≃ 2.9–4.4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2022;660. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142302'
apa: 'Kusakabe, H., Verhamme, A., Blaizot, J., Garel, T., Wisotzki, L., Leclercq,
F., … Vitte, E. (2022). The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections of
Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4.
Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142302'
chicago: 'Kusakabe, Haruka, Anne Verhamme, Jérémy Blaizot, Thibault Garel, Lutz
Wisotzki, Floriane Leclercq, Roland Bacon, et al. “The MUSE EXtremely Deep Field:
Individual Detections of Lyα Haloes around Rest-Frame UV-Selected Galaxies
at z ≃ 2.9–4.4.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142302.'
ieee: 'H. Kusakabe et al., “The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections
of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4,”
Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 660. EDP Sciences, 2022.'
ista: 'Kusakabe H, Verhamme A, Blaizot J, Garel T, Wisotzki L, Leclercq F, Bacon
R, Schaye J, Gallego SG, Kerutt J, Matthee JJ, Maseda M, Nanayakkara T, Pelló
R, Richard J, Tresse L, Urrutia T, Vitte E. 2022. The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field:
Individual detections of Lyα haloes around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies
at z ≃ 2.9–4.4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 660, A44.'
mla: 'Kusakabe, Haruka, et al. “The MUSE EXtremely Deep Field: Individual Detections
of Lyα Haloes around Rest-Frame UV-Selected Galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4.”
Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 660, A44, EDP Sciences, 2022, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142302.'
short: H. Kusakabe, A. Verhamme, J. Blaizot, T. Garel, L. Wisotzki, F. Leclercq,
R. Bacon, J. Schaye, S.G. Gallego, J. Kerutt, J.J. Matthee, M. Maseda, T. Nanayakkara,
R. Pelló, J. Richard, L. Tresse, T. Urrutia, E. Vitte, Astronomy & Astrophysics
660 (2022).
date_created: 2022-07-05T14:27:26Z
date_published: 2022-04-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:33:24Z
day: '07'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202142302
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2201.07257'
intvolume: ' 660'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies: evolution / cosmology:
observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07257
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE eXtremely Deep Field: Individual detections of Lyα haloes
around rest-frame UV-selected galaxies at z ≃ 2.9–4.4'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 660
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11497'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Context. The hydrogen Lyman α line is often the only measurable feature in
optical spectra of high-redshift galaxies. Its shape and strength are influenced
by radiative transfer processes and the properties of the underlying stellar population.
High equivalent widths of several hundred Å are especially hard to explain by
models and could point towards unusual stellar populations, for example with low
metallicities, young stellar ages, and a top-heavy initial mass function. Other
aspects influencing equivalent widths are the morphology of the galaxy and its
gas properties.\r\nAims. The aim of this study is to better understand the connection
between the Lyman α rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) and spectral properties
as well as ultraviolet (UV) continuum morphology by obtaining reliable EW0 histograms
for a statistical sample of galaxies and by assessing the fraction of objects
with large equivalent widths.\r\nMethods. We used integral field spectroscopy
from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) combined with broad-band data
from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to measure EW0. We analysed the emission
lines of 1920 Lyman α emitters (LAEs) detected in the full MUSE-Wide (one hour
exposure time) and MUSE-Deep (ten hour exposure time) surveys and found UV continuum
counterparts in archival HST data. We fitted the UV continuum photometric images
using the Galfit software to gain morphological information on the rest-UV emission
and fitted the spectra obtained from MUSE to determine the double peak fraction,
asymmetry, full-width at half maximum, and flux of the Lyman α line.\r\nResults.
The two surveys show different histograms of Lyman α EW0. In MUSE-Wide, 20% of
objects have EW0 > 240 Å, while this fraction is only 11% in MUSE-Deep and ≈16%
for the full sample. This includes objects without HST continuum counterparts
(one-third of our sample), for which we give lower limits for EW0. The object
with the highest securely measured EW0 has EW0 = 589 ± 193 Å (the highest lower
limit being EW0 = 4464 Å). We investigate the connection between EW0 and Lyman
α spectral or UV continuum morphological properties.\r\nConclusions. The survey
depth has to be taken into account when studying EW0 distributions. We find that
in general, high EW0 objects can have a wide range of spectral and UV morphological
properties, which might reflect that the underlying causes for high EW0 values
are equally varied."
acknowledgement: We thank the referee for thoughtful and constructive comments that
have improved the quality of this manuscript. Based on observations collected at
the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 1101.A-0127. This work made
use of v2.2.1 of the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis (BPASS) models as
described in Eldridge et al. (2017) and Stanway & Eldridge (2018). A.F. acknowledges
the support from grant PRIN MIUR2017-20173ML3WW_001. T.N. acknowledges support from
Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship FL180100060.
article_number: '183'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: J.
full_name: Kerutt, J.
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: L.
full_name: Wisotzki, L.
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: A.
full_name: Verhamme, A.
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: K. B.
full_name: Schmidt, K. B.
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: F.
full_name: Leclercq, F.
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: E. C.
full_name: Herenz, E. C.
last_name: Herenz
- first_name: T.
full_name: Urrutia, T.
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: T.
full_name: Garel, T.
last_name: Garel
- first_name: T.
full_name: Hashimoto, T.
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: M.
full_name: Maseda, M.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: H.
full_name: Kusakabe, H.
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: J.
full_name: Schaye, J.
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: J.
full_name: Richard, J.
last_name: Richard
- first_name: B.
full_name: Guiderdoni, B.
last_name: Guiderdoni
- first_name: V.
full_name: Mauerhofer, V.
last_name: Mauerhofer
- first_name: T.
full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: E.
full_name: Vitte, E.
last_name: Vitte
citation:
ama: Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, Verhamme A, et al. Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters
in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2022;659. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141900
apa: Kerutt, J., Wisotzki, L., Verhamme, A., Schmidt, K. B., Leclercq, F., Herenz,
E. C., … Vitte, E. (2022). Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide
and MUSE-Deep. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141900
chicago: Kerutt, J., L. Wisotzki, A. Verhamme, K. B. Schmidt, F. Leclercq, E. C.
Herenz, T. Urrutia, et al. “Equivalent Widths of Lyman α Emitters in MUSE-Wide
and MUSE-Deep.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141900.
ieee: J. Kerutt et al., “Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide
and MUSE-Deep,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 659. EDP Sciences, 2022.
ista: Kerutt J, Wisotzki L, Verhamme A, Schmidt KB, Leclercq F, Herenz EC, Urrutia
T, Garel T, Hashimoto T, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Kusakabe H, Schaye J, Richard J,
Guiderdoni B, Mauerhofer V, Nanayakkara T, Vitte E. 2022. Equivalent widths of
Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 659,
183.
mla: Kerutt, J., et al. “Equivalent Widths of Lyman α Emitters in MUSE-Wide and
MUSE-Deep.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 659, 183, EDP Sciences,
2022, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141900.
short: J. Kerutt, L. Wisotzki, A. Verhamme, K.B. Schmidt, F. Leclercq, E.C. Herenz,
T. Urrutia, T. Garel, T. Hashimoto, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, H. Kusakabe, J. Schaye,
J. Richard, B. Guiderdoni, V. Mauerhofer, T. Nanayakkara, E. Vitte, Astronomy
& Astrophysics 659 (2022).
date_created: 2022-07-06T08:17:27Z
date_published: 2022-03-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:47:16Z
day: '25'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141900
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2202.06642'
intvolume: ' 659'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies: evolution / cosmology:
observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.06642
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Equivalent widths of Lyman α emitters in MUSE-Wide and MUSE-Deep
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 659
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '11524'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We measure the evolution of the rest-frame UV luminosity function (LF) and
the stellar mass function (SMF) of Lyman-α (Ly α) emitters (LAEs) from z ∼ 2 to
z ∼ 6 by exploring ∼4000 LAEs from the SC4K sample. We find a correlation between
Ly α luminosity (LLy α) and rest-frame UV (MUV), with best fit MUV=−1.6+0.2−0.3log10(LLyα/ergs−1)+47+12−11
and a shallower relation between LLy α and stellar mass (M⋆), with best fit log10(M⋆/M⊙)=0.9+0.1−0.1log10(LLyα/ergs−1)−28+4.0−3.8.
An increasing LLy α cut predominantly lowers the number density of faint MUV and
low M⋆ LAEs. We estimate a proxy for the full UV LFs and SMFs of LAEs with simple
assumptions of the faint end slope. For the UV LF, we find a brightening of the
characteristic UV luminosity (M∗UV) with increasing redshift and a decrease of
the characteristic number density (Φ*). For the SMF, we measure a characteristic
stellar mass (M∗⋆/M⊙) increase with increasing redshift, and a Φ* decline. However,
if we apply a uniform luminosity cut of log10(LLyα/ergs−1)≥43.0, we find much
milder to no evolution in the UV and SMF of LAEs. The UV luminosity density (ρUV)
of the full sample of LAEs shows moderate evolution and the stellar mass density
(ρM) decreases, with both being always lower than the total ρUV and ρM of more
typical galaxies but slowly approaching them with increasing redshift. Overall,
our results indicate that both ρUV and ρM of LAEs slowly approach the measurements
of continuum-selected galaxies at z > 6, which suggests a key role of LAEs in
the epoch of reionization.
acknowledgement: This research made use of Astropy, a community developed core Python
package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). topcat, a graphical tool
for manipulating tabular data, was also utilized in this analysis (Taylor 2005).
SG would like to thank Nastasha Wijers for the discussion on the column density
distribution in EAGLE. SC gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science
Foundation grants PP00P2 163824 and PP00P2 190092, and from the European Research
Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
grant agreement No 864361. GP acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNF) and from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: S
full_name: Santos, S
last_name: Santos
- first_name: D
full_name: Sobral, D
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: J
full_name: Butterworth, J
last_name: Butterworth
- first_name: A
full_name: Paulino-Afonso, A
last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: B
full_name: Ribeiro, B
last_name: Ribeiro
- first_name: E
full_name: da Cunha, E
last_name: da Cunha
- first_name: J
full_name: Calhau, J
last_name: Calhau
- first_name: A A
full_name: Khostovan, A A
last_name: Khostovan
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: P
full_name: Arrabal Haro, P
last_name: Arrabal Haro
citation:
ama: Santos S, Sobral D, Butterworth J, et al. The evolution of the UV luminosity
and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2021;505(1):1117-1134. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1218
apa: Santos, S., Sobral, D., Butterworth, J., Paulino-Afonso, A., Ribeiro, B., da Cunha,
E., … Arrabal Haro, P. (2021). The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar
mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6. Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218
chicago: Santos, S, D Sobral, J Butterworth, A Paulino-Afonso, B Ribeiro, E da Cunha,
J Calhau, A A Khostovan, Jorryt J Matthee, and P Arrabal Haro. “The Evolution
of the UV Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions of Lyman-α Emitters from z ∼ 2
to z ∼ 6.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1218.
ieee: S. Santos et al., “The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar mass
functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6,” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 505, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp.
1117–1134, 2021.
ista: Santos S, Sobral D, Butterworth J, Paulino-Afonso A, Ribeiro B, da Cunha E,
Calhau J, Khostovan AA, Matthee JJ, Arrabal Haro P. 2021. The evolution of the
UV luminosity and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼
6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 505(1), 1117–1134.
mla: Santos, S., et al. “The Evolution of the UV Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
of Lyman-α Emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society, vol. 505, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 1117–34, doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1218.
short: S. Santos, D. Sobral, J. Butterworth, A. Paulino-Afonso, B. Ribeiro, E. da Cunha,
J. Calhau, A.A. Khostovan, J.J. Matthee, P. Arrabal Haro, Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society 505 (2021) 1117–1134.
date_created: 2022-07-07T10:02:59Z
date_published: 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T10:51:47Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab1218
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2105.00007'
intvolume: ' 505'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: luminosity function'
- mass function
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.00007
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1117-1134
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The evolution of the UV luminosity and stellar mass functions of Lyman-α emitters
from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 505
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11501'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigated the ultraviolet (UV) spectral properties of faint Lyman-α
emitters (LAEs) in the redshift range 2.9 ≤ z ≤ 4.6, and we provide material to
prepare future observations of the faint Universe. We used data from the MUSE
Hubble Ultra Deep Survey to construct mean rest-frame spectra of continuum-faint
(median MUV of −18 and down to MUV of −16), low stellar mass (median value of
108.4 M⊙ and down to 107 M⊙) LAEs at redshift z ≳ 3. We computed various averaged
spectra of LAEs, subsampled on the basis of their observational (e.g., Lyα strength,
UV magnitude and spectral slope) and physical (e.g., stellar mass and star-formation
rate) properties. We searched for UV spectral features other than Lyα, such as
higher ionization nebular emission lines and absorption features. We successfully
observed the O III]λ1666 and [C III]λ1907+C III]λ1909 collisionally excited emission
lines and the He IIλ1640 recombination feature, as well as the resonant C IVλλ1548,1551
doublet either in emission or P-Cygni. We compared the observed spectral properties
of the different mean spectra and find the emission lines to vary with the observational
and physical properties of the LAEs. In particular, the mean spectra of LAEs with
larger Lyα equivalent widths, fainter UV magnitudes, bluer UV spectral slopes,
and lower stellar masses show the strongest nebular emission. The line ratios
of these lines are similar to those measured in the spectra of local metal-poor
galaxies, while their equivalent widths are weaker compared to the handful of
extreme values detected in individual spectra of z > 2 galaxies. This suggests
that weak UV features are likely ubiquitous in high z, low-mass, and faint LAEs.
We publicly released the stacked spectra, as they can serve as empirical templates
for the design of future observations, such as those with the James Webb Space
Telescope and the Extremely Large Telescope.
acknowledgement: 'We thank Margherita Talia, Stéphane Charlot, Adele Plat and Alba
Vidal-García for helpful discussions. This work is supported by the ERC advanced
grant 339659-MUSICOS (R. Bacon). AF acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR
2017 20173ML3WW. MVM and JP would like to thank the Leiden/ESA Astrophysics Program
for Summer Students (LEAPS) for funding at the outset of this project. FL, HK, and
AV acknowledge support from the ERC starting grant ERC-757258-TRIPLE. TH was supported
by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT, Japan. JB acknowledges
support by FCT/MCTES through national funds by the grant UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020
and UIDP/04434/2020 and through the Investigador FCT Contract No. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003.
HI acknowledges support from JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP19K23462. We would also
like to thank the organizers and participants of the Leiden Lorentz Center workshop:
Revolutionary Spectroscopy of Today as a Springboard to Webb. This work made use
of several open source python packages: NUMPY (van der Walt et al. 2011), MATPLOTLIB
(Hunter 2007), ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013) and MPDAF (MUSE Python Data
Analysis Framework, Piqueras et al. 2019).'
article_number: A118
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Feltre, Anna
last_name: Feltre
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Jayadev
full_name: Pradeep, Jayadev
last_name: Pradeep
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: Takuya
full_name: Hashimoto, Takuya
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: Kasper B.
full_name: Schmidt, Kasper B.
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Jeremy
full_name: Blaizot, Jeremy
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: Jarle
full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Leindert
full_name: Boogaard, Leindert
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: David
full_name: Carton, David
last_name: Carton
- first_name: Hanae
full_name: Inami, Hanae
last_name: Inami
- first_name: Wolfram
full_name: Kollatschny, Wolfram
last_name: Kollatschny
- first_name: Raffaella A.
full_name: Marino, Raffaella A.
last_name: Marino
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Laurence
full_name: Tresse, Laurence
last_name: Tresse
- first_name: Tanya
full_name: Urrutia, Tanya
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: Peter M.
full_name: Weilbacher, Peter M.
last_name: Weilbacher
citation:
ama: 'Feltre A, Maseda MV, Bacon R, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey:
XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3. Astronomy &
Astrophysics. 2020;641. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038133'
apa: 'Feltre, A., Maseda, M. V., Bacon, R., Pradeep, J., Leclercq, F., Kusakabe,
H., … Weilbacher, P. M. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The
mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038133'
chicago: 'Feltre, Anna, Michael V. Maseda, Roland Bacon, Jayadev Pradeep, Floriane
Leclercq, Haruka Kusakabe, Lutz Wisotzki, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Survey: XV. The Mean Rest-UV Spectra of Lyα Emitters at z > 3.” Astronomy
& Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038133.'
ieee: 'A. Feltre et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The
mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3,” Astronomy & Astrophysics,
vol. 641. EDP Sciences, 2020.'
ista: 'Feltre A, Maseda MV, Bacon R, Pradeep J, Leclercq F, Kusakabe H, Wisotzki
L, Hashimoto T, Schmidt KB, Blaizot J, Brinchmann J, Boogaard L, Cantalupo S,
Carton D, Inami H, Kollatschny W, Marino RA, Matthee JJ, Nanayakkara T, Richard
J, Schaye J, Tresse L, Urrutia T, Verhamme A, Weilbacher PM. 2020. The MUSE Hubble
Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z >
3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 641, A118.'
mla: 'Feltre, Anna, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The Mean
Rest-UV Spectra of Lyα Emitters at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics,
vol. 641, A118, EDP Sciences, 2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038133.'
short: A. Feltre, M.V. Maseda, R. Bacon, J. Pradeep, F. Leclercq, H. Kusakabe, L.
Wisotzki, T. Hashimoto, K.B. Schmidt, J. Blaizot, J. Brinchmann, L. Boogaard,
S. Cantalupo, D. Carton, H. Inami, W. Kollatschny, R.A. Marino, J.J. Matthee,
T. Nanayakkara, J. Richard, J. Schaye, L. Tresse, T. Urrutia, A. Verhamme, P.M.
Weilbacher, Astronomy & Astrophysics 641 (2020).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:38:16Z
date_published: 2020-09-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:35:43Z
day: '18'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038133
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2007.01878'
intvolume: ' 641'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution / galaxies: high-redshift / ISM: lines and bands / ultraviolet:
ISM / ultraviolet: galaxies'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.01878
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα
emitters at z > 3'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 641
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11503'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Context. The Lyα emitter (LAE) fraction, XLAE, is a potentially powerful
probe of the evolution of the intergalactic neutral hydrogen gas fraction. However,
uncertainties in the measurement of XLAE are still under debate.\r\nAims. Thanks
to deep data obtained with the integral field spectrograph Multi Unit Spectroscopic
Explorer (MUSE), we can measure the evolution of the LAE fraction homogeneously
over a wide redshift range of z ≈ 3–6 for UV-faint galaxies (down to UV magnitudes
of M1500 ≈ −17.75). This is a significantly fainter range than in former studies
(M1500 ≤ −18.75) and it allows us to probe the bulk of the population of high-redshift
star-forming galaxies.\r\nMethods. We constructed a UV-complete photometric-redshift
sample following UV luminosity functions and measured the Lyα emission with MUSE
using the latest (second) data release from the MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey.\r\nResults.
We derived the redshift evolution of XLAE for M1500 ∈ [ − 21.75; −17.75] for the
first time with a equivalent width range EW(Lyα) ≥ 65 Å and found low values of
XLAE ≲ 30% at z ≲ 6. The best-fit linear relation is XLAE = 0.07+0.06−0.03z −
0.22+0.12−0.24. For M1500 ∈ [ − 20.25; −18.75] and EW(Lyα) ≥ 25 Å, our XLAE values
are consistent with those in the literature within 1σ at z ≲ 5, but our median
values are systematically lower than reported values over the whole redshift range.
In addition, we do not find a significant dependence of XLAE on M1500 for EW(Lyα)
≥ 50 Å at z ≈ 3–4, in contrast with previous work. The differences in XLAE mainly
arise from selection biases for Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) in the literature:
UV-faint LBGs are more easily selected if they have strong Lyα emission, hence
XLAE is biased towards higher values when those samples are used.\r\nConclusions.
Our results suggest either a lower increase of XLAE towards z ≈ 6 than previously
suggested, or even a turnover of XLAE at z ≈ 5.5, which may be the signature of
a late or patchy reionization process. We compared our results with predictions
from a cosmological galaxy evolution model. We find that a model with a bursty
star formation (SF) can reproduce our observed LAE fractions much better than
models where SF is a smooth function of time."
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments and suggestions.
We would like to express our gratitude to Stephane De Barros and Pablo Arrabal Haro
for kindly providing their data plotted in Figs. 1, 2, and 8. We are grateful to
Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Masami Ouchi, Rieko Momose, Daniel Schaerer, Hidenobu Yajima,
Taku Okamura, Makoto Ando, and Hinako Goto for giving insightful comments and suggestions.
This work is based on observations taken by VLT, which is operated by European Southern
Observatory. This research made use of Astropy (http://www.astropy.org), which is
a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013,
2018), MARZ, MPDAF, and matplotlib (Hunter 2007). H.K. acknowledges support from
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through the JSPS Research Fellowship
for Young Scientists and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers. AV acknowledges
support from the ERC starting grant 757258-TRIPLE and the SNF Professorship 176808-TRIPLE.
This work was supported by the project FOGHAR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche,
ANR-13-BS05-0010-02). JB acknowledges support from the ORAGE project from the Agence
Nationale de la Recherche under grant ANR-14-CE33-0016-03. JR acknowledges support
from the ERC starting grant 336736-CALENDS. T. H. acknowledges supports by the Grant-inAid
for Scientic Research 19J01620.
article_number: A12
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Jérémy
full_name: Blaizot, Jérémy
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: Thibault
full_name: Garel, Thibault
last_name: Garel
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Takuya
full_name: Hashimoto, Takuya
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: Hanae
full_name: Inami, Hanae
last_name: Inami
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Conseil, Simon
last_name: Conseil
- first_name: Bruno
full_name: Guiderdoni, Bruno
last_name: Guiderdoni
- first_name: Alyssa B.
full_name: Drake, Alyssa B.
last_name: Drake
- first_name: Edmund
full_name: Christian Herenz, Edmund
last_name: Christian Herenz
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Pascal
full_name: Oesch, Pascal
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Raffaella
full_name: Anna Marino, Raffaella
last_name: Anna Marino
- first_name: Kasper
full_name: Borello Schmidt, Kasper
last_name: Borello Schmidt
- first_name: Roser
full_name: Pelló, Roser
last_name: Pelló
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: Josephine
full_name: Kerutt, Josephine
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: Guillaume
full_name: Mahler, Guillaume
last_name: Mahler
citation:
ama: 'Kusakabe H, Blaizot J, Garel T, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey:
XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6. Astronomy &
Astrophysics. 2020;638. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937340'
apa: 'Kusakabe, H., Blaizot, J., Garel, T., Verhamme, A., Bacon, R., Richard, J.,
… Mahler, G. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of
the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6. Astronomy & Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937340'
chicago: 'Kusakabe, Haruka, Jérémy Blaizot, Thibault Garel, Anne Verhamme, Roland
Bacon, Johan Richard, Takuya Hashimoto, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα Emitter Fraction from z = 3 to z = 6.” Astronomy
& Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937340.'
ieee: 'H. Kusakabe et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV.
Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6,” Astronomy &
Astrophysics, vol. 638. EDP Sciences, 2020.'
ista: 'Kusakabe H, Blaizot J, Garel T, Verhamme A, Bacon R, Richard J, Hashimoto
T, Inami H, Conseil S, Guiderdoni B, Drake AB, Christian Herenz E, Schaye J, Oesch
P, Matthee JJ, Anna Marino R, Borello Schmidt K, Pelló R, Maseda M, Leclercq F,
Kerutt J, Mahler G. 2020. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution
of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6. Astronomy & Astrophysics.
638, A12.'
mla: 'Kusakabe, Haruka, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution
of the Lyα Emitter Fraction from z = 3 to z = 6.” Astronomy & Astrophysics,
vol. 638, A12, EDP Sciences, 2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937340.'
short: H. Kusakabe, J. Blaizot, T. Garel, A. Verhamme, R. Bacon, J. Richard, T.
Hashimoto, H. Inami, S. Conseil, B. Guiderdoni, A.B. Drake, E. Christian Herenz,
J. Schaye, P. Oesch, J.J. Matthee, R. Anna Marino, K. Borello Schmidt, R. Pelló,
M. Maseda, F. Leclercq, J. Kerutt, G. Mahler, Astronomy & Astrophysics 638
(2020).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:50:48Z
date_published: 2020-06-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:35:20Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201937340
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2003.12083'
intvolume: ' 638'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'dark ages / reionization / first stars / early Universe / cosmology: observations
/ galaxies: evolution / galaxies: high-redshift / intergalactic medium'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.12083
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter
fraction from z = 3 to z = 6'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 638
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11504'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present spatially resolved maps of six individually-detected Lyman α haloes
(LAHs) as well as a first statistical analysis of the Lyman α (Lyα) spectral signature
in the circum-galactic medium of high-redshift star-forming galaxies (−17.5 >
MUV > −21.5) using the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. Our resolved spectroscopic
analysis of the LAHs reveals significant intrahalo variations of the Lyα line
profile. Using a three-dimensional two-component model for the Lyα emission, we
measured the full width at half maximum (FWHM), the peak velocity shift, and the
asymmetry of the Lyα line in the core and in the halo of 19 galaxies. We find
that the Lyα line shape is statistically different in the halo compared to the
core (in terms of width, peak wavelength, and asymmetry) for ≈40% of our galaxies.
Similarly to object-by-object based studies and a recent resolved study using
lensing, we find a correlation between the peak velocity shift and the width of
the Lyα line both at the interstellar and circum-galactic scales. This trend has
been predicted by radiative transfer simulations of galactic winds as a result
of resonant scattering in outflows. While there is a lack of correlation between
the spectral properties and the spatial scale lengths of our LAHs, we find a correlation
between the width of the line in the LAH and the halo flux fraction. Interestingly,
UV bright galaxies (MUV < −20) show broader, more redshifted, and less asymmetric
Lyα lines in their haloes. The most significant correlation found is for the FWHM
of the line and the UV continuum slope of the galaxy, suggesting that the redder
galaxies have broader Lyα lines. The generally broad and red line shapes found
in the halo component suggest that the Lyα haloes are powered either by scattering
processes through an outflowing medium, fluorescent emission from outflowing cold
clumps of gas, or a mix of both. Considering the large diversity of the Lyα line
profiles observed in our sample and the lack of strong correlation, the interpretation
of our results is still broadly open and underlines the need for realistic spatially
resolved models of the LAHs.
acknowledgement: F.L., R.B., and S.C. acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant
339659-MUSICOS. F.L., T.G., H.K., and A.V. acknowledge support from the ERC starting
grant ERC-757258-TRIPLE. A.C. and J.R. acknowledge support from the ERC starting
grant 336736-CALENDS. J.B. acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds
(PID-DAC) by grant UID/FIS/04434/2019 and through Investigador FCT Contract No.IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003.
T.H. was supported by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT,
Japan.
article_number: A82
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: Thibault
full_name: Garel, Thibault
last_name: Garel
- first_name: Jérémy
full_name: Blaizot, Jérémy
last_name: Blaizot
- first_name: Jarle
full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Adélaïde
full_name: Claeyssens, Adélaïde
last_name: Claeyssens
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Conseil, Simon
last_name: Conseil
- first_name: Thierry
full_name: Contini, Thierry
last_name: Contini
- first_name: Takuya
full_name: Hashimoto, Takuya
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: Edmund Christian
full_name: Herenz, Edmund Christian
last_name: Herenz
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Raffaella Anna
full_name: Marino, Raffaella Anna
last_name: Marino
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Mitchell, Peter
last_name: Mitchell
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Kasper Borello
full_name: Schmidt, Kasper Borello
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
citation:
ama: 'Leclercq F, Bacon R, Verhamme A, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey:
XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming
galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2020;635. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937339'
apa: 'Leclercq, F., Bacon, R., Verhamme, A., Garel, T., Blaizot, J., Brinchmann,
J., … Wisotzki, L. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially
resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at
z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937339'
chicago: 'Leclercq, Floriane, Roland Bacon, Anne Verhamme, Thibault Garel, Jérémy
Blaizot, Jarle Brinchmann, Sebastiano Cantalupo, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra
Deep Field Survey: XIII. Spatially Resolved Spectral Properties of Lyman α Haloes
around Star-Forming Galaxies at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937339.'
ieee: 'F. Leclercq et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII.
Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies
at z > 3,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 635. EDP Sciences, 2020.'
ista: 'Leclercq F, Bacon R, Verhamme A, Garel T, Blaizot J, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo
S, Claeyssens A, Conseil S, Contini T, Hashimoto T, Herenz EC, Kusakabe H, Marino
RA, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Mitchell P, Pezzulli G, Richard J, Schmidt KB, Wisotzki
L. 2020. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral
properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy
& Astrophysics. 635, A82.'
mla: 'Leclercq, Floriane, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIII.
Spatially Resolved Spectral Properties of Lyman α Haloes around Star-Forming Galaxies
at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 635, A82, EDP Sciences,
2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937339.'
short: F. Leclercq, R. Bacon, A. Verhamme, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, J. Brinchmann,
S. Cantalupo, A. Claeyssens, S. Conseil, T. Contini, T. Hashimoto, E.C. Herenz,
H. Kusakabe, R.A. Marino, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, P. Mitchell, G. Pezzulli, J.
Richard, K.B. Schmidt, L. Wisotzki, Astronomy & Astrophysics 635 (2020).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:56:20Z
date_published: 2020-03-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:36:58Z
day: '11'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201937339
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2002.05731'
intvolume: ' 635'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- 'Astronomy and Astrophysics galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies:
evolution / cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.05731
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral
properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 635
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11529'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: CR7 is among the most luminous Ly α emitters (LAEs) known at z = 6.6 and consists
of at least three UV components that are surrounded by Ly α emission. Previous
studies have suggested that it may host an extreme ionizing source. Here, we present
deep integral field spectroscopy of CR7 with VLT/Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer
(MUSE). We measure extended emission with a similar halo scale length as typical
LAEs at z ≈ 5. CR7’s Ly α halo is clearly elongated along the direction connecting
the multiple components, likely tracing the underlying gas distribution. The Ly α
emission originates almost exclusively from the brightest UV component, but we
also identify a faint kinematically distinct Ly α emitting region nearby a fainter
component. Combined with new near-infrared data, the MUSE data show that the rest-frame
Ly α equivalent width (EW) is ≈100 Å. This is a factor 4 higher than the EW measured
in low-redshift analogues with carefully matched Ly α profiles (and thus arguably
H I column density), but this EW can plausibly be explained by star formation.
Alternative scenarios requiring active galactic nucleus (AGN) powering are also
disfavoured by the narrower and steeper Ly α spectrum and much smaller IR to UV
ratio compared to obscured AGN in other Ly α blobs. CR7’s Ly α emission, while
extremely luminous, resembles the emission in more common LAEs at lower redshifts
very well and is likely powered by a young metal-poor starburst.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Floriane
full_name: Leclercq, Floriane
last_name: Leclercq
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Lilly, Simon
last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Leindert
full_name: Boogaard, Leindert
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Raffaella
full_name: Marino, Raffaella
last_name: Marino
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
citation:
ama: 'Matthee JJ, Pezzulli G, Mackenzie R, et al. The nature of CR7 revealed with
MUSE: A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;498(2):3043-3059. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2550'
apa: 'Matthee, J. J., Pezzulli, G., Mackenzie, R., Cantalupo, S., Kusakabe, H.,
Leclercq, F., … Nanayakkara, T. (2020). The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE:
A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2550'
chicago: 'Matthee, Jorryt J, Gabriele Pezzulli, Ruari Mackenzie, Sebastiano Cantalupo,
Haruka Kusakabe, Floriane Leclercq, David Sobral, et al. “The Nature of CR7 Revealed
with MUSE: A Young Starburst Powering Extended Ly α Emission at z = 6.6.” Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2550.'
ieee: 'J. J. Matthee et al., “The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young
starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6,” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 498, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp.
3043–3059, 2020.'
ista: 'Matthee JJ, Pezzulli G, Mackenzie R, Cantalupo S, Kusakabe H, Leclercq F,
Sobral D, Richard J, Wisotzki L, Lilly S, Boogaard L, Marino R, Maseda M, Nanayakkara
T. 2020. The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended
Ly α emission at z = 6.6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 498(2),
3043–3059.'
mla: 'Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “The Nature of CR7 Revealed with MUSE: A Young
Starburst Powering Extended Ly α Emission at z = 6.6.” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 498, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2020,
pp. 3043–59, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2550.'
short: J.J. Matthee, G. Pezzulli, R. Mackenzie, S. Cantalupo, H. Kusakabe, F. Leclercq,
D. Sobral, J. Richard, L. Wisotzki, S. Lilly, L. Boogaard, R. Marino, M. Maseda,
T. Nanayakkara, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498 (2020) 3043–3059.
date_created: 2022-07-07T10:36:01Z
date_published: 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:04:05Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa2550
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2008.01731'
intvolume: ' 498'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- dark ages
- reionization
- first stars
- 'cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.01731
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 3043-3059
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended
Ly α emission at z = 6.6'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 498
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11531'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: While low-luminosity galaxies dominate number counts at all redshifts, their
contribution to cosmic reionization is poorly understood due to a lack of knowledge
of their physical properties. We isolate a sample of 35 z ≈ 4–5 continuum-faint
Lyman-α emitters from deep VLT/MUSE spectroscopy and directly measure their H α
emission using stacked Spitzer/IRAC Ch. 1 photometry. Based on Hubble Space Telescope
imaging, we determine that the average UV continuum magnitude is fainter than
−16 (≈ 0.01 L⋆), implying a median Lyman-α equivalent width of 259 Å. By combining
the H α measurement with the UV magnitude, we determine the ionizing photon production
efficiency, ξion, a first for such faint galaxies. The measurement of log10 (ξion
[Hz erg−1]) = 26.28 (+0.28−0.40) is in excess of literature measurements of
both continuum- and emission line-selected samples, implying a more efficient
production of ionizing photons in these lower luminosity, Lyman-α-selected systems.
We conclude that this elevated efficiency can be explained by stellar populations
with metallicities between 4 × 10−4 and 0.008, with light-weighted ages less than
3 Myr.
acknowledgement: 'We would like to thank the anonymous referee for a thoughtful report
and suggestions that have improved this manuscript. We are also grateful to everyone
involved in the Spitzer Space Telescope mission and everyone at the Spitzer Science
Center: we are truly fortunate to have been able to use data from this facility.
J. B. acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds by this grant UID/FIS/04434/2019
and through the Investigador FCT contract no. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. S. C.
gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation grant PP00P2
163824. We would also like to thank Mauro Stefanon for his assistance with de-blending
the IRAC photometry, Pieter van Dokkum for a number of useful suggestions, and Daniel
Schaerer for information regarding the stellar population models. This study is
based on observations made with ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory
under programs IDs 094.A-2089(B), 095.A0010(A), 096.A-0045(A), and 096.A-0045(B).'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Michael V
full_name: Maseda, Michael V
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Lam, Daniel
last_name: Lam
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Jarle
full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbe, Ivo
last_name: Labbe
- first_name: Kasper B
full_name: Schmidt, Kasper B
last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Leindert
full_name: Boogaard, Leindert
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Rychard
full_name: Bouwens, Rychard
last_name: Bouwens
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Marijn
full_name: Franx, Marijn
last_name: Franx
- first_name: Takuya
full_name: Hashimoto, Takuya
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: Hanae
full_name: Inami, Hanae
last_name: Inami
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Guillaume
full_name: Mahler, Guillaume
last_name: Mahler
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
citation:
ama: Maseda MV, Bacon R, Lam D, et al. Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency
in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters. Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. 2020;493(4):5120-5130. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa622
apa: Maseda, M. V., Bacon, R., Lam, D., Matthee, J. J., Brinchmann, J., Schaye,
J., … Wisotzki, L. (2020). Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint
high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa622
chicago: Maseda, Michael V, Roland Bacon, Daniel Lam, Jorryt J Matthee, Jarle Brinchmann,
Joop Schaye, Ivo Labbe, et al. “Elevated Ionizing Photon Production Efficiency
in Faint High-Equivalent-Width Lyman-α Emitters.” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa622.
ieee: M. V. Maseda et al., “Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency
in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters,” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 5120–5130,
2020.
ista: Maseda MV, Bacon R, Lam D, Matthee JJ, Brinchmann J, Schaye J, Labbe I, Schmidt
KB, Boogaard L, Bouwens R, Cantalupo S, Franx M, Hashimoto T, Inami H, Kusakabe
H, Mahler G, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Wisotzki L. 2020. Elevated ionizing photon
production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493(4), 5120–5130.
mla: Maseda, Michael V., et al. “Elevated Ionizing Photon Production Efficiency
in Faint High-Equivalent-Width Lyman-α Emitters.” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp.
5120–30, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa622.
short: M.V. Maseda, R. Bacon, D. Lam, J.J. Matthee, J. Brinchmann, J. Schaye, I.
Labbe, K.B. Schmidt, L. Boogaard, R. Bouwens, S. Cantalupo, M. Franx, T. Hashimoto,
H. Inami, H. Kusakabe, G. Mahler, T. Nanayakkara, J. Richard, L. Wisotzki, Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493 (2020) 5120–5130.
date_created: 2022-07-07T10:46:41Z
date_published: 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:23:27Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa622
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2002.11117'
intvolume: ' 493'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'Galaxies: evolution'
- 'Galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'Galaxies: ISM'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa622
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 5120-5130
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width
Lyman-α emitters
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 493
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11533'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We explore deep rest-frame UV to FIR data in the COSMOS field to measure the
individual spectral energy distributions (SED) of the ∼4000 SC4K (Sobral et al.)
Lyman α (Ly α) emitters (LAEs) at z ∼ 2–6. We find typical stellar masses of 109.3
± 0.6 M⊙ and star formation rates (SFR) of SFRSED=4.4+10.5−2.4 M⊙ yr−1 and SFRLyα=5.9+6.3−2.6 M⊙ yr−1,
combined with very blue UV slopes of β=−2.1+0.5−0.4, but with significant variations
within the population. MUV and β are correlated in a similar way to UV-selected
sources, but LAEs are consistently bluer. This suggests that LAEs are the youngest
and/or most dust-poor subset of the UV-selected population. We also study the
Ly α rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) and find 45 ‘extreme’ LAEs with EW0 > 240 Å
(3σ), implying a low number density of (7 ± 1) × 10−7 Mpc−3. Overall, we measure
little to no evolution of the Ly α EW0 and scale length parameter (w0), which
are consistently high (EW0=140+280−70 Å, w0=129+11−11 Å) from z ∼ 6 to z ∼ 2 and
below. However, w0 is anticorrelated with MUV and stellar mass. Our results imply
that sources selected as LAEs have a high Ly α escape fraction (fesc,Ly α) irrespective
of cosmic time, but fesc,Ly α is still higher for UV-fainter and lower mass LAEs.
The least massive LAEs (<109.5 M⊙) are typically located above the star formation
‘main sequence’ (MS), but the offset from the MS decreases towards z ∼ 6 and towards
1010 M⊙. Our results imply a lack of evolution in the properties of LAEs across
time and reveals the increasing overlap in properties of LAEs and UV-continuum
selected galaxies as typical star-forming galaxies at high redshift effectively
become LAEs.
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referee for the valuable feedback that significantly
improved the quality and clarity of this paper. SS and JC acknowledge studentships
from Lancaster University. APA acknowledges support from Fundação para a Ciência
e a Tecnologia through the project PTDC/FISAST/31546/2017. The authors would like
to thank Ali Khostovan, Sara Perez Sanchez, Alex Bennett and Tom Rose for contributions
and discussions in the early stages of this work. Based on data products from observations
made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO programme
ID 179.A-2005 and on data products produced by CALET and the Cambridge Astronomy
Survey Unit on behalf of the UltraVISTA consortium. Finally, the authors acknowledge
the unique value of the publicly available analysis software TOPCAT (Taylor 2005)
and publicly available programming language Python, including the numpy, pyfits,
matplotlib, scipy and astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013) packages. This
work is based on the public SC4K sample of LAEs (Sobral et al. 2018a) and we release
the full catalogue with all the photometry and properties derived in this paper,
in electronic format, along with the relevant tables.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: S
full_name: Santos, S
last_name: Santos
- first_name: D
full_name: Sobral, D
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: J
full_name: Calhau, J
last_name: Calhau
- first_name: E
full_name: da Cunha, E
last_name: da Cunha
- first_name: B
full_name: Ribeiro, B
last_name: Ribeiro
- first_name: A
full_name: Paulino-Afonso, A
last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: P
full_name: Arrabal Haro, P
last_name: Arrabal Haro
- first_name: J
full_name: Butterworth, J
last_name: Butterworth
citation:
ama: Santos S, Sobral D, Matthee JJ, et al. The evolution of rest-frame UV properties,
Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;493(1):141-160. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa093
apa: Santos, S., Sobral, D., Matthee, J. J., Calhau, J., da Cunha, E., Ribeiro,
B., … Butterworth, J. (2020). The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α
EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa093
chicago: Santos, S, D Sobral, Jorryt J Matthee, J Calhau, E da Cunha, B Ribeiro,
A Paulino-Afonso, P Arrabal Haro, and J Butterworth. “The Evolution of Rest-Frame
UV Properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–Stellar Mass Relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K
LAEs.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa093.
ieee: S. Santos et al., “The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α
EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs,” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 1. Oxford University Press,
pp. 141–160, 2020.
ista: Santos S, Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Calhau J, da Cunha E, Ribeiro B, Paulino-Afonso
A, Arrabal Haro P, Butterworth J. 2020. The evolution of rest-frame UV properties,
Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493(1), 141–160.
mla: Santos, S., et al. “The Evolution of Rest-Frame UV Properties, Ly α EWs, and
the SFR–Stellar Mass Relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs.” Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 1, Oxford University Press,
2020, pp. 141–60, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa093.
short: S. Santos, D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, J. Calhau, E. da Cunha, B. Ribeiro, A.
Paulino-Afonso, P. Arrabal Haro, J. Butterworth, Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society 493 (2020) 141–160.
date_created: 2022-07-07T12:05:23Z
date_published: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:27:43Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa093
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1910.02959'
intvolume: ' 493'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: formation'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: star formation'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.02959
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 141-160
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass
relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 493
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11534'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The observed properties of the Lyman-α (Ly α) emission line are a powerful
probe of neutral gas in and around galaxies. We present spatially resolved Ly α
spectroscopy with VLT/MUSE targeting VR7, a UV-luminous galaxy at z = 6.532 with
moderate Ly α equivalent width (EW0 ≈ 38 Å). These data are combined with deep
resolved [CII]158μm spectroscopy obtained with ALMA and UV imaging from HST and
we also detect UV continuum with MUSE. Ly α emission is clearly detected with
S/N ≈ 40 and FWHM of 374 km s−1. Ly α and [C II] are similarly extended beyond
the UV, with effective radius reff = 2.1 ± 0.2 kpc for a single exponential model
or reff,Lyα,halo=3.45+1.08−0.87 kpc when measured jointly with the UV continuum.
The Ly α profile is broader and redshifted with respect to the [C II] line (by
213 km s−1), but there are spatial variations that are qualitatively similar in
both lines and coincide with resolved UV components. This suggests that the emission
originates from two components with plausibly different H I column densities.
We place VR7 in the context of other galaxies at similar and lower redshift. The
Ly α halo scale length is similar at different redshifts and velocity shifts with
respect to the systemic are typically smaller. Overall, we find little indications
of a more neutral vicinity at higher redshift. This means that the local (∼10 kpc)
neutral gas conditions that determine the observed Ly α properties in VR7 resemble
the conditions in post-reionization galaxies.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the referee for their suggestions and constructive comments
that helped to improve the presentation of our results. Based on observations obtained
with the Very Large Telescope, program 99.A-0462. Based on observations made with
the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute,
which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,
Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with program
#14699. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2017.1.01451.S.
ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS
(Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan) and KASI (Republic
of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory
is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. MG acknowledges support from NASA grant
NNX17AK58G. GP and SC gratefully acknowledge support from Swiss National Science
Foundation grant PP00P2 163824. BD acknowledges financial support from the National
Science Foundation, grant number 1716907. We have benefited greatly from the public
available programming language PYTHON, including the NUMPY, MATPLOTLIB, SCIPY (Jones
et al. 2001; Hunter 2007; van der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011) and ASTROPY (Astropy
Collaboration 2013) packages, the astronomical imaging tools SEXTRACTOR, SWARP,
and SCAMP (Bertin & Arnouts 1996; Bertin 2006, 2010) and the TOPCAT analysis tool
(Taylor 2013).'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Max
full_name: Gronke, Max
last_name: Gronke
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Huub
full_name: Röttgering, Huub
last_name: Röttgering
- first_name: Behnam
full_name: Darvish, Behnam
last_name: Darvish
- first_name: Sérgio
full_name: Santos, Sérgio
last_name: Santos
citation:
ama: Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Gronke M, et al. Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous
Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 . Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;492(2):1778-1790. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3554
apa: Matthee, J. J., Sobral, D., Gronke, M., Pezzulli, G., Cantalupo, S., Röttgering,
H., … Santos, S. (2020). Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break
galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 . Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3554
chicago: Matthee, Jorryt J, David Sobral, Max Gronke, Gabriele Pezzulli, Sebastiano
Cantalupo, Huub Röttgering, Behnam Darvish, and Sérgio Santos. “Resolved Lyman-α
Properties of a Luminous Lyman-Break Galaxy in a Large Ionized Bubble at z = 6.53
.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3554.
ieee: J. J. Matthee et al., “Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break
galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 ,” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society, vol. 492, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1778–1790,
2020.
ista: Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Gronke M, Pezzulli G, Cantalupo S, Röttgering H, Darvish
B, Santos S. 2020. Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy
in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. 492(2), 1778–1790.
mla: Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Resolved Lyman-α Properties of a Luminous Lyman-Break
Galaxy in a Large Ionized Bubble at z = 6.53 .” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society, vol. 492, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp.
1778–90, doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3554.
short: J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, M. Gronke, G. Pezzulli, S. Cantalupo, H. Röttgering,
B. Darvish, S. Santos, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492 (2020)
1778–1790.
date_created: 2022-07-07T12:21:36Z
date_published: 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:29:53Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz3554
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1909.06376'
intvolume: ' 492'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- dark ages
- reionization
- first stars
- 'cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.06376
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1778-1790
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized
bubble at z = 6.53 '
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 492
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11539'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Despite recent progress in understanding Ly α emitters (LAEs), relatively
little is known regarding their typical black hole activity across cosmic time.
Here, we study the X-ray and radio properties of ∼4000 LAEs at 2.2 < z < 6 from
the SC4K survey in the COSMOS field. We detect 254 (6.8per cent±0.4per cent)
LAEs individually in the X-rays (S/N > 3) with an average luminosity of 1044.31±0.01ergs−1
and average black hole accretion rate (BHAR) of 0.72±0.01 M⊙ yr−1, consistent
with moderate to high accreting active galactic neuclei (AGNs). We detect 120
sources in deep radio data (radio AGN fraction of 3.2per cent±0.3per cent). The
global AGN fraction (8.6per cent±0.4per cent) rises with Ly α luminosity and
declines with increasing redshift. For X-ray-detected LAEs, Ly α luminosities
correlate with the BHARs, suggesting that Ly α luminosity becomes a BHAR indicator.
Most LAEs (93.1per cent±0.6per cent) at 2 < z < 6 have no detectable X-ray emission
(BHARs < 0.017 M⊙ yr−1). The median star formation rate (SFR) of star-forming
LAEs from Ly α and radio luminosities is 7.6+6.6−2.8 M⊙ yr−1. The black hole to
galaxy growth ratio (BHAR/SFR) for LAEs is <0.0022, consistent with typical star-forming
galaxies and the local BHAR/SFR relation. We conclude that LAEs at 2 < z < 6 include
two different populations: an AGN population, where Ly α luminosity traces BHAR,
and another with low SFRs which remain undetected in even the deepest X-ray stacks
but is detected in the radio stacks.'
acknowledgement: JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden
University. We thank Camila Correa for help analysing snipshot merger trees. We
thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. We also thank Jarle Brinchmann,
Rob Crain, Antonios Katsianis, Paola Popesso, and David Sobral for discussions and
suggestions. We also thank the participants of the Lorentz Center workshop ‘A Decade
of the Star-Forming Main Sequence’ held on 2017 September 4–8, for discussions and
ideas. We have benefited from the public available programming language PYTHON,
including the NUMPY, MATPLOTLIB, and SCIPY (Hunter 2007) packages and the TOPCAT
analysis tool (Taylor 2013).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: João
full_name: Calhau, João
last_name: Calhau
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Sérgio
full_name: Santos, Sérgio
last_name: Santos
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Ana
full_name: Paulino-Afonso, Ana
last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: Andra
full_name: Stroe, Andra
last_name: Stroe
- first_name: Brooke
full_name: Simmons, Brooke
last_name: Simmons
- first_name: Cassandra
full_name: Barlow-Hall, Cassandra
last_name: Barlow-Hall
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Adams, Benjamin
last_name: Adams
citation:
ama: 'Calhau J, Sobral D, Santos S, et al. The X-ray and radio activity of typical
and luminous Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving
population. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;493(3):3341-3362.
doi:10.1093/mnras/staa476'
apa: 'Calhau, J., Sobral, D., Santos, S., Matthee, J. J., Paulino-Afonso, A., Stroe,
A., … Adams, B. (2020). The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α
emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa476'
chicago: 'Calhau, João, David Sobral, Sérgio Santos, Jorryt J Matthee, Ana Paulino-Afonso,
Andra Stroe, Brooke Simmons, Cassandra Barlow-Hall, and Benjamin Adams. “The X-Ray
and Radio Activity of Typical and Luminous Ly α Emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6:
Evidence for a Diverse, Evolving Population.” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa476.'
ieee: 'J. Calhau et al., “The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous
Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population,”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 3. Oxford
University Press, pp. 3341–3362, 2020.'
ista: 'Calhau J, Sobral D, Santos S, Matthee JJ, Paulino-Afonso A, Stroe A, Simmons
B, Barlow-Hall C, Adams B. 2020. The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous
Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493(3), 3341–3362.'
mla: 'Calhau, João, et al. “The X-Ray and Radio Activity of Typical and Luminous
Ly α Emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a Diverse, Evolving Population.”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 3, Oxford
University Press, 2020, pp. 3341–62, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa476.'
short: J. Calhau, D. Sobral, S. Santos, J.J. Matthee, A. Paulino-Afonso, A. Stroe,
B. Simmons, C. Barlow-Hall, B. Adams, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society 493 (2020) 3341–3362.
date_created: 2022-07-08T07:34:10Z
date_published: 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:25:31Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa476
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1909.11672'
intvolume: ' 493'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: active'
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'quasars: supermassive black holes'
- 'galaxies: star formation'
- 'cosmology: observations'
- 'X-rays: galaxies'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11672
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 3341-3362
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α emitters from z
∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 493
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11586'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Distant luminous Lyman-α emitters are excellent targets for detailed observations
of galaxies in the epoch of reionisation. Spatially resolved observations of these
galaxies allow us to simultaneously probe the emission from young stars, partially
ionised gas in the interstellar medium and to constrain the properties of the
surrounding hydrogen in the circumgalactic medium. We review recent results from
(spectroscopic) follow-up studies of the rest-frame UV, Lyman-α and [CII] emission
in luminous galaxies observed ∼500 Myr after the Big Bang with ALMA, HST/WFC3
and VLT/X-SHOOTER. These galaxies likely reside in early ionised bubbles and are
complex systems, consisting of multiple well separated and resolved components
where traces of metals are already present.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
citation:
ama: 'Matthee JJ, Sobral D. Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the
epoch of reionisation. In: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union.
Vol 15. Cambridge University Press; 2020:21-25. doi:10.1017/s1743921319009451'
apa: Matthee, J. J., & Sobral, D. (2020). Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α
emitters in the epoch of reionisation. In Proceedings of the International
Astronomical Union (Vol. 15, pp. 21–25). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319009451
chicago: Matthee, Jorryt J, and David Sobral. “Unveiling the Most Luminous Lyman-α
Emitters in the Epoch of Reionisation.” In Proceedings of the International
Astronomical Union, 15:21–25. Cambridge University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319009451.
ieee: J. J. Matthee and D. Sobral, “Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters
in the epoch of reionisation,” in Proceedings of the International Astronomical
Union, 2020, vol. 15, no. S352, pp. 21–25.
ista: Matthee JJ, Sobral D. 2020. Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in
the epoch of reionisation. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union.
vol. 15, 21–25.
mla: Matthee, Jorryt J., and David Sobral. “Unveiling the Most Luminous Lyman-α
Emitters in the Epoch of Reionisation.” Proceedings of the International Astronomical
Union, vol. 15, no. S352, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 21–25, doi:10.1017/s1743921319009451.
short: J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, in:, Proceedings of the International Astronomical
Union, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 21–25.
date_created: 2022-07-14T14:08:41Z
date_published: 2020-06-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T08:41:12Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1017/s1743921319009451
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1911.04774'
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: S352
keyword:
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
- 'galaxies: formation'
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.04774
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 21-25
publication: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1743-9221
issn:
- 1743-9213
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the epoch of reionisation
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 15
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '11499'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Deep optical spectroscopic surveys of galaxies provide a unique opportunity
to investigate rest-frame ultra-violet (UV) emission line properties of galaxies
at z ∼ 2 − 4.5. Here we combine VLT/MUSE Guaranteed Time Observations of the Hubble
Deep Field South, Ultra Deep Field, COSMOS, and several quasar fields with other
publicly available data from VLT/VIMOS and VLT/FORS2 to construct a catalogue
of He II λ1640 emitters at z ≳ 2. The deepest areas of our MUSE pointings reach
a 3σ line flux limit of 3.1 × 10−19 erg s−1 cm−2. After discarding broad-line
active galactic nuclei, we find 13 He II λ1640 detections from MUSE with a median
MUV = −20.1 and 21 tentative He II λ1640 detections from other public surveys.
Excluding Lyα, all except two galaxies in our sample show at least one other rest-UV
emission line, with C III] λ1907, λ1909 being the most prominent. We use multi-wavelength
data available in the Hubble legacy fields to derive basic galaxy properties of
our sample through spectral energy distribution fitting techniques. Taking advantage
of the high-quality spectra obtained by MUSE (∼10 − 30 h of exposure time per
pointing), we use photo-ionisation models to study the rest-UV emission line diagnostics
of the He II λ1640 emitters. Line ratios of our sample can be reproduced by moderately
sub-solar photo-ionisation models, however, we find that including effects of
binary stars lead to degeneracies in most free parameters. Even after considering
extra ionising photons produced by extreme sub-solar metallicity binary stellar
models, photo-ionisation models are unable to reproduce rest-frame He II λ1640
equivalent widths (∼0.2 − 10 Å), thus additional mechanisms are necessary in models
to match the observed He II λ1640 properties.
acknowledgement: 'The authors wish to thank the referee for constructive comments
that improved the paper substantially. We thank the BPASS team for making the stellar
population models available. We thank Elizabeth Stanway, Claus Leitherer, Daniel
Schaerer, Jorick Vink, and Nell Byler for insightful discussions. We thank the Lorentz
Centre and the scientific organizers of the Characterizing galaxies with spectroscopy
with a view for JWST workshop held at the Lorentz Centre in 2017 October, which
promoted useful discussions in the wider community. TN, JB, and RB acknowledges
the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) top grant TOP1.16.057.
AF acknowledges support from the ERC via an Advanced Grant under grant agreement
no. 339659-MUSICOS. JB acknowledges support by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
(FCT) through national funds (UID/FIS/04434/2013) and Investigador FCT contract
IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003, and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007672).
JR acknowledges support from the ERC Starting grant 336736 (CALENDS). This research
made use of astropy (http://www.astropy.org) a community-developed core Python package
for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018) and pandas (McKinney 2010). Figures
were generated using matplotlib (Hunter 2007) and seaborn (https://seaborn.pydata.org).
Facilities: VLT (MUSE).'
article_number: A89
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Jarle
full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Leindert
full_name: Boogaard, Leindert
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Rychard
full_name: Bouwens, Rychard
last_name: Bouwens
- first_name: Sebastiano
full_name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Feltre, Anna
last_name: Feltre
- first_name: Wolfram
full_name: Kollatschny, Wolfram
last_name: Kollatschny
- first_name: Raffaella Anna
full_name: Marino, Raffaella Anna
last_name: Marino
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Mieke
full_name: Paalvast, Mieke
last_name: Paalvast
- first_name: Johan
full_name: Richard, Johan
last_name: Richard
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Verhamme, Anne
last_name: Verhamme
citation:
ama: Nanayakkara T, Brinchmann J, Boogaard L, et al. Exploring He II λ1640 emission
line properties at z ∼2−4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2019;648. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834565
apa: Nanayakkara, T., Brinchmann, J., Boogaard, L., Bouwens, R., Cantalupo, S.,
Feltre, A., … Verhamme, A. (2019). Exploring He II λ1640 emission line properties
at z ∼2−4. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834565
chicago: Nanayakkara, Themiya, Jarle Brinchmann, Leindert Boogaard, Rychard Bouwens,
Sebastiano Cantalupo, Anna Feltre, Wolfram Kollatschny, et al. “Exploring He II Λ1640
Emission Line Properties at z ∼2−4.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP
Sciences, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834565.
ieee: T. Nanayakkara et al., “Exploring He II λ1640 emission line properties
at z ∼2−4,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 648. EDP Sciences, 2019.
ista: Nanayakkara T, Brinchmann J, Boogaard L, Bouwens R, Cantalupo S, Feltre A,
Kollatschny W, Marino RA, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Paalvast M, Richard J, Verhamme
A. 2019. Exploring He II λ1640 emission line properties at z ∼2−4. Astronomy &
Astrophysics. 648, A89.
mla: Nanayakkara, Themiya, et al. “Exploring He II Λ1640 Emission Line Properties
at z ∼2−4.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 648, A89, EDP Sciences,
2019, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834565.
short: T. Nanayakkara, J. Brinchmann, L. Boogaard, R. Bouwens, S. Cantalupo, A.
Feltre, W. Kollatschny, R.A. Marino, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, M. Paalvast, J.
Richard, A. Verhamme, Astronomy & Astrophysics 648 (2019).
date_created: 2022-07-06T09:07:06Z
date_published: 2019-04-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:36:08Z
day: '16'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201834565
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1902.05960'
intvolume: ' 648'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: ISM / galaxies: star formation / galaxies: evolution / galaxies: high-redshift'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.05960
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- relation: erratum
url: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834565e
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Exploring He II λ1640 emission line properties at z ∼2−4
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 648
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '11507'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Lyman-α (Lyα) is intrinsically the brightest line emitted from active galaxies.
While it originates from many physical processes, for star-forming galaxies the
intrinsic Lyα luminosity is a direct tracer of the Lyman-continuum (LyC) radiation
produced by the most massive O- and early-type B-stars (M⋆ ≳ 10 M⊙) with lifetimes
of a few Myrs. As such, Lyα luminosity should be an excellent instantaneous star
formation rate (SFR) indicator. However, its resonant nature and susceptibility
to dust as a rest-frame UV photon makes Lyα very hard to interpret due to the
uncertain Lyα escape fraction, fesc, Lyα. Here we explore results from the CAlibrating
LYMan-α with Hα (CALYMHA) survey at z = 2.2, follow-up of Lyα emitters (LAEs)
at z = 2.2 − 2.6 and a z ∼ 0−0.3 compilation of LAEs to directly measure fesc, Lyα
with Hα. We derive a simple empirical relation that robustly retrieves fesc, Lyα
as a function of Lyα rest-frame EW (EW0): fesc,Lyα = 0.0048 EW0[Å] ± 0.05 and
we show that it constrains a well-defined anti-correlation between ionisation
efficiency (ξion) and dust extinction in LAEs. Observed Lyα luminosities and EW0
are easy measurable quantities at high redshift, thus making our relation a practical
tool to estimate intrinsic Lyα and LyC luminosities under well controlled and
simple assumptions. Our results allow observed Lyα luminosities to be used to
compute SFRs for LAEs at z ∼ 0−2.6 within ±0.2 dex of the Hα dust corrected SFRs.
We apply our empirical SFR(Lyα,EW0) calibration to several sources at z ≥ 2.6
to find that star-forming LAEs have SFRs typically ranging from 0.1 to 20 M⊙ yr−1
and that our calibration might be even applicable for the most luminous LAEs within
the epoch of re-ionisation. Our results imply high ionisation efficiencies (log10[ξion/Hz erg−1]
= 25.4−25.6) and low dust content in LAEs across cosmic time, and will be easily
tested with future observations with JWST which can obtain Hα and Hβ measurements
for high-redshift LAEs.'
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referees for multiple comments and suggestions
which have improved the manuscript. JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD
fellowship from Leiden University. We have benefited greatly from the publicly available
programming language PYTHON, including the NUMPY & SCIPY (Van Der Walt et al. 2011;
Jones et al. 2001), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007) and ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration
2013) packages, and the TOPCAT analysis program (Taylor 2013). The results and samples
of LAEs used for this paper are publicly available (see e.g. Sobral et al. 2017,
2018a) and we also provide the toy model used as a PYTHON script.
article_number: A157
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
citation:
ama: 'Sobral D, Matthee JJ. Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple observable:
Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator. Astronomy
& Astrophysics. 2019;623. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833075'
apa: 'Sobral, D., & Matthee, J. J. (2019). Predicting Lyα escape fractions with
a simple observable: Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation
rate indicator. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833075'
chicago: 'Sobral, David, and Jorryt J Matthee. “Predicting Lyα Escape Fractions
with a Simple Observable: Lyα in Emission as an Empirically Calibrated Star Formation
Rate Indicator.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833075.'
ieee: 'D. Sobral and J. J. Matthee, “Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple
observable: Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator,”
Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 623. EDP Sciences, 2019.'
ista: 'Sobral D, Matthee JJ. 2019. Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple
observable: Lyα in emission as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator.
Astronomy & Astrophysics. 623, A157.'
mla: 'Sobral, David, and Jorryt J. Matthee. “Predicting Lyα Escape Fractions with
a Simple Observable: Lyα in Emission as an Empirically Calibrated Star Formation
Rate Indicator.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 623, A157, EDP Sciences,
2019, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833075.'
short: D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, Astronomy & Astrophysics 623 (2019).
date_created: 2022-07-06T11:08:16Z
date_published: 2019-03-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-07-19T09:37:20Z
day: '26'
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833075
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1803.08923'
intvolume: ' 623'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: star formation / galaxies: statistics / galaxies:
evolution / galaxies: formation / galaxies: ISM'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.08923
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Predicting Lyα escape fractions with a simple observable: Lyα in emission
as an empirically calibrated star formation rate indicator'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 623
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '11535'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigate the clustering and halo properties of ∼5000 Ly α-selected emission-line
galaxies (LAEs) from the Slicing COSMOS 4K (SC4K) and from archival NB497 imaging
of SA22 split in 15 discrete redshift slices between z ∼ 2.5 and 6. We measure
clustering lengths of r0 ∼ 3–6 h−1 Mpc and typical halo masses of ∼1011 M⊙ for
our narrowband-selected LAEs with typical LLy α ∼ 1042–43 erg s−1. The intermediate-band-selected
LAEs are observed to have r0 ∼ 3.5–15 h−1 Mpc with typical halo masses of ∼1011–12
M⊙ and typical LLy α ∼ 1043–43.6 erg s−1. We find a strong, redshift-independent
correlation between halo mass and Ly α luminosity normalized by the characteristic
Ly α luminosity, L⋆(z). The faintest LAEs (L ∼ 0.1 L⋆(z)) typically identified
by deep narrowband surveys are found in 1010 M⊙ haloes and the brightest LAEs
(L ∼ 7 L⋆(z)) are found in ∼5 × 1012 M⊙ haloes. A dependency on the rest-frame
1500 Å UV luminosity, MUV, is also observed where the halo masses increase from
1011 to 1013 M⊙ for MUV ∼ −19 to −23.5 mag. Halo mass is also observed to increase
from 109.8 to 1012 M⊙ for dust-corrected UV star formation rates from ∼0.6 to
10 M⊙ yr−1 and continues to increase up to 1013 M⊙ in halo mass, where the majority
of those sources are active galactic nuclei. All the trends we observe are found
to be redshift independent. Our results reveal that LAEs are the likely progenitors
of a wide range of galaxies depending on their luminosity, from dwarf-like, to
Milky Way-type, to bright cluster galaxies. LAEs therefore provide unique insight
into the early formation and evolution of the galaxies we observe in the local
Universe.
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referee for their useful comments and suggestions
that helped improve this study. AAK acknowledges that this work was supported by
NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program – Grant
NNX16AO92H. JM acknowledges support from the ETH Zwicky fellowship. RKC acknowledges
funding from STFC via a studentship. APA acknowledges support from the Fundac¸ao
para a Ci ˜ encia e a Tecnologia FCT through the fellowship PD/BD/52706/2014 and
the research grant UID/FIS/04434/2013. JC and SS both acknowledge their support
from the Lancaster University PhD Fellowship. We have benefited greatly from the
publicly available programming language PYTHON, including the NUMPY, SCIPY, MATPLOTLIB,
SCIKIT-LEARN, and ASTROPY packages, as well as the TOPCAT analysis program. The
SC4K samples used in this paper are all publicly available for use by the community
(Sobral et al. 2018a). The catalogue is also available on the COSMOS IPAC website
(https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/overview.html).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: A A
full_name: Khostovan, A A
last_name: Khostovan
- first_name: D
full_name: Sobral, D
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: B
full_name: Mobasher, B
last_name: Mobasher
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: R K
full_name: Cochrane, R K
last_name: Cochrane
- first_name: N
full_name: Chartab, N
last_name: Chartab
- first_name: M
full_name: Jafariyazani, M
last_name: Jafariyazani
- first_name: A
full_name: Paulino-Afonso, A
last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: S
full_name: Santos, S
last_name: Santos
- first_name: J
full_name: Calhau, J
last_name: Calhau
citation:
ama: 'Khostovan AA, Sobral D, Mobasher B, et al. The clustering of typical Ly α emitters
from z ∼ 2.5–6: Host halo masses depend on Ly α and UV luminosities. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2019;489(1):555-573. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2149'
apa: 'Khostovan, A. A., Sobral, D., Mobasher, B., Matthee, J. J., Cochrane, R. K.,
Chartab, N., … Calhau, J. (2019). The clustering of typical Ly α emitters from
z ∼ 2.5–6: Host halo masses depend on Ly α and UV luminosities. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2149'
chicago: 'Khostovan, A A, D Sobral, B Mobasher, Jorryt J Matthee, R K Cochrane,
N Chartab, M Jafariyazani, A Paulino-Afonso, S Santos, and J Calhau. “The Clustering
of Typical Ly α Emitters from z ∼ 2.5–6: Host Halo Masses Depend on Ly α and UV
Luminosities.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford
University Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2149.'
ieee: 'A. A. Khostovan et al., “The clustering of typical Ly α emitters from
z ∼ 2.5–6: Host halo masses depend on Ly α and UV luminosities,” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 489, no. 1. Oxford University Press,
pp. 555–573, 2019.'
ista: 'Khostovan AA, Sobral D, Mobasher B, Matthee JJ, Cochrane RK, Chartab N, Jafariyazani
M, Paulino-Afonso A, Santos S, Calhau J. 2019. The clustering of typical Ly α emitters
from z ∼ 2.5–6: Host halo masses depend on Ly α and UV luminosities. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 489(1), 555–573.'
mla: 'Khostovan, A. A., et al. “The Clustering of Typical Ly α Emitters from z ∼
2.5–6: Host Halo Masses Depend on Ly α and UV Luminosities.” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 489, no. 1, Oxford University Press,
2019, pp. 555–73, doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2149.'
short: A.A. Khostovan, D. Sobral, B. Mobasher, J.J. Matthee, R.K. Cochrane, N. Chartab,
M. Jafariyazani, A. Paulino-Afonso, S. Santos, J. Calhau, Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society 489 (2019) 555–573.
date_created: 2022-07-07T13:01:03Z
date_published: 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T06:38:42Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz2149
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1811.00556'
intvolume: ' 489'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: haloes'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: star formation'
- 'cosmology: observations'
- large-scale structure of Universe
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.00556
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 555-573
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The clustering of typical Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2.5–6: Host halo masses depend
on Ly α and UV luminosities'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 489
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '11540'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Observations have revealed that the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar
mass (Mstar) of star-forming galaxies follow a tight relation known as the galaxy
main sequence. However, what physical information is encoded in this relation
is under debate. Here, we use the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulation
to study the mass dependence, evolution, and origin of scatter in the SFR–Mstar
relation. At z = 0, we find that the scatter decreases slightly with stellar mass
from 0.35 dex at Mstar ≈ 109 M⊙ to 0.30 dex at Mstar ≳ 1010.5 M⊙. The scatter
decreases from z = 0 to z = 5 by 0.05 dex at Mstar ≳ 1010 M⊙ and by 0.15 dex for
lower masses. We show that the scatter at z = 0.1 originates from a combination
of fluctuations on short time-scales (ranging from 0.2–2 Gyr) that are presumably
associated with self-regulation from cooling, star formation, and outflows, but
is dominated by long time-scale (∼10 Gyr) variations related to differences in
halo formation times. Shorter time-scale fluctuations are relatively more important
for lower mass galaxies. At high masses, differences in black hole formation efficiency
cause additional scatter, but also diminish the scatter caused by different halo
formation times. While individual galaxies cross the main sequence multiple times
during their evolution, they fluctuate around tracks associated with their halo
properties, i.e. galaxies above/below the main sequence at z = 0.1 tend to have
been above/below the main sequence for ≫1 Gyr.
acknowledgement: JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden
University. We thank Camila Correa for help analysing snipshot merger trees. We
thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. We also thank Jarle Brinchmann,
Rob Crain, Antonios Katsianis, Paola Popesso, and David Sobral for discussions and
suggestions. We also thank the participants of the Lorentz Center workshop ‘A Decade
of the Star-Forming Main Sequence’ held on 2017 September 4–8, for discussions and
ideas. We have benefited from the public available programming language PYTHON,
including the NUMPY, MATPLOTLIB, and SCIPY (Hunter 2007) packages and the TOPCAT
analysis tool (Taylor 2013).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
citation:
ama: Matthee JJ, Schaye J. The origin of scatter in the star formation rate–stellar
mass relation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2019;484(1):915-932.
doi:10.1093/mnras/stz030
apa: Matthee, J. J., & Schaye, J. (2019). The origin of scatter in the star
formation rate–stellar mass relation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz030
chicago: Matthee, Jorryt J, and Joop Schaye. “The Origin of Scatter in the Star
Formation Rate–Stellar Mass Relation.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. Oxford University Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz030.
ieee: J. J. Matthee and J. Schaye, “The origin of scatter in the star formation
rate–stellar mass relation,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
vol. 484, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 915–932, 2019.
ista: Matthee JJ, Schaye J. 2019. The origin of scatter in the star formation rate–stellar
mass relation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484(1), 915–932.
mla: Matthee, Jorryt J., and Joop Schaye. “The Origin of Scatter in the Star Formation
Rate–Stellar Mass Relation.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
vol. 484, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2019, pp. 915–32, doi:10.1093/mnras/stz030.
short: J.J. Matthee, J. Schaye, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
484 (2019) 915–932.
date_created: 2022-07-08T07:48:31Z
date_published: 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T06:42:43Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz030
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1805.05956'
intvolume: ' 484'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- 'Astronomy and Astrophysics : galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: formation'
- 'galaxies: star formation'
- 'cosmology: theory'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.05956
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 915-932
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The origin of scatter in the star formation rate–stellar mass relation
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 484
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '11541'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present new Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/WFC3 observations and re-analyse
VLT data to unveil the continuum, variability, and rest-frame ultraviolet (UV)
lines of the multiple UV clumps of the most luminous Lyα emitter at z = 6.6, CR7
(COSMOS Redshift 7). Our re-reduced, flux-calibrated X-SHOOTER spectra of CR7
reveal an He II emission line in observations obtained along the major axis of
Lyα emission with the best seeing conditions. He II is spatially offset by ≈+0.8
arcsec from the peak of Lyα emission, and it is found towards clump B. Our WFC3
grism spectra detects the UV continuum of CR7’s clump A, yielding a power law
with β=−2.5+0.6−0.7 and MUV=−21.87+0.25−0.20. No significant variability is found
for any of the UV clumps on their own, but there is tentative (≈2.2 σ) brightening
of CR7 in F110W as a whole from 2012 to 2017. HST grism data fail to robustly
detect rest-frame UV lines in any of the clumps, implying fluxes ≲2×10−17 erg s−1 cm−2
(3σ). We perform CLOUDY modelling to constrain the metallicity and the ionizing
nature of CR7. CR7 seems to be actively forming stars without any clear active
galactic nucleus activity in clump A, consistent with a metallicity of ∼0.05–0.2 Z⊙.
Component C or an interclump component between B and C may host a high ionization
source. Our results highlight the need for spatially resolved information to study
the formation and assembly of early galaxies.
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous reviewer for the numerous detailed comments
that led us to greatly improve the quality, extent, and statistical robustness of
this work. DS acknowledges financial support from the Netherlands Organisation for
Scientific research through a Veni fellowship. JM acknowledges the support of a
Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden University. AF acknowledges support from the
ERC Advanced Grant INTERSTELLAR H2020/740120. BD acknowledges financial support
from NASA through the Astrophysics Data Analysis Program, grant number NNX12AE20G
and the National Science Foundation, grant number 1716907. We are thankful for several
discussions and constructive comments from Johannes Zabl, Eros Vanzella, Bo Milvang-Jensen,
Henry McCracken, Max Gronke, Mark Dijkstra, Richard Ellis, and Nicolas Laporte.
We also thank Umar Burhanudin and Izzy Garland for taking part in the XGAL internship
in Lancaster and for exploring the HST grism data independently. Based on observations
obtained with HST/WFC3 programs 12578, 14495, and 14596. Based on observations of
the National Japanese Observatory with the Suprime-Cam on the Subaru telescope (S14A-086)
on the big island of Hawaii. This work is based in part on data products produced
at TERAPIX available at the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre as part of the Canada–France–Hawaii
Telescope Legacy Survey, a collaborative project of NRC and CNRS. Based on data
products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory
under ESO programme IDs 294.A-5018, 294.A-5039, 092.A 0786, 093.A-0561, 097.A0043,
097.A-0943, 098.A-0819, 298.A-5012, and 179.A-2005, and on data products produced
by TERAPIX and the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit on behalf of the UltraVISTA consortium.
The authors acknowledge the award of service time (SW2014b20) on the William Herschel
Telescope (WHT). WHT and its service programme are operated on the island of La
Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos
of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. This research was supported by the
Munich Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics of the DFG cluster of excellence
‘Origin and Structure of the Universe’. We have benefitted immensely from the public
available programming language PYTHON, including NUMPY and SCIPY (Jones et al. 2001;
Van Der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), ASTROPY (Astropy
Collaboration et al. 2013), and the TOPCAT analysis program (Taylor 2013). This
research has made use of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France.
All data used for this paper are publicly available, and we make all reduced data
available with the refereed paper.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Ferrara, Andrea
last_name: Ferrara
- first_name: Lara
full_name: Alegre, Lara
last_name: Alegre
- first_name: Huub
full_name: Röttgering, Huub
last_name: Röttgering
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Schaerer, Daniel
last_name: Schaerer
- first_name: Bahram
full_name: Mobasher, Bahram
last_name: Mobasher
- first_name: Behnam
full_name: Darvish, Behnam
last_name: Darvish
citation:
ama: Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Brammer G, et al. On the nature and physical conditions
of the luminous Ly α emitter CR7 and its rest-frame UV components. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2019;482(2):2422-2441. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2779
apa: Sobral, D., Matthee, J. J., Brammer, G., Ferrara, A., Alegre, L., Röttgering,
H., … Darvish, B. (2019). On the nature and physical conditions of the luminous
Ly α emitter CR7 and its rest-frame UV components. Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2779
chicago: Sobral, David, Jorryt J Matthee, Gabriel Brammer, Andrea Ferrara, Lara
Alegre, Huub Röttgering, Daniel Schaerer, Bahram Mobasher, and Behnam Darvish.
“On the Nature and Physical Conditions of the Luminous Ly α Emitter CR7 and Its
Rest-Frame UV Components.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Oxford University Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2779.
ieee: D. Sobral et al., “On the nature and physical conditions of the luminous
Ly α emitter CR7 and its rest-frame UV components,” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 482, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp.
2422–2441, 2019.
ista: Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Brammer G, Ferrara A, Alegre L, Röttgering H, Schaerer
D, Mobasher B, Darvish B. 2019. On the nature and physical conditions of the luminous
Ly α emitter CR7 and its rest-frame UV components. Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. 482(2), 2422–2441.
mla: Sobral, David, et al. “On the Nature and Physical Conditions of the Luminous
Ly α Emitter CR7 and Its Rest-Frame UV Components.” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 482, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2019,
pp. 2422–41, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2779.
short: D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, G. Brammer, A. Ferrara, L. Alegre, H. Röttgering,
D. Schaerer, B. Mobasher, B. Darvish, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society 482 (2019) 2422–2441.
date_created: 2022-07-08T10:40:05Z
date_published: 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T06:49:36Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty2779
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1710.08422'
intvolume: ' 482'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: ISM'
- 'cosmology: observations'
- dark ages
- reionization
- first stars
- early Universe
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.08422
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 2422-2441
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: On the nature and physical conditions of the luminous Ly α emitter CR7 and
its rest-frame UV components
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 482
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '11549'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigate the clustering properties of ∼7000 H β + [O III] and [O II]
narrowband-selected emitters at z ∼ 0.8–4.7 from the High-z Emission Line Survey.
We find clustering lengths, r0, of 1.5–4.0 h−1 Mpc and minimum dark matter halo
masses of 1010.7–12.1 M⊙ for our z = 0.8–3.2 H β + [O III] emitters and r0 ∼ 2.0–8.3
h−1 Mpc and halo masses of 1011.5–12.6 M⊙ for our z = 1.5–4.7 [O II] emitters.
We find r0 to strongly increase both with increasing line luminosity and redshift.
By taking into account the evolution of the characteristic line luminosity, L⋆(z),
and using our model predictions of halo mass given r0, we find a strong, redshift-independent
increasing trend between L/L⋆(z) and minimum halo mass. The faintest H β + [O III]
emitters are found to reside in 109.5 M⊙ haloes and the brightest emitters in
1013.0 M⊙ haloes. For [O II] emitters, the faintest emitters are found in 1010.5
M⊙ haloes and the brightest emitters in 1012.6 M⊙ haloes. A redshift-independent
stellar mass dependency is also observed where the halo mass increases from 1011
to 1012.5 M⊙ for stellar masses of 108.5 to 1011.5 M⊙, respectively. We investigate
the interdependencies of these trends by repeating our analysis in a Lline−Mstar
grid space for our most populated samples (H β + [O III] z = 0.84 and [O II] z
= 1.47) and find that the line luminosity dependency is stronger than the stellar
mass dependency on halo mass. For L > L⋆ emitters at all epochs, we find a relatively
flat trend with halo masses of 1012.5–13 M⊙, which may be due to quenching mechanisms
in massive haloes that is consistent with a transitional halo mass predicted by
models.
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous referee for their useful comments and suggestions
that improved this study. AAK thanks Anahita Alavi and Irene Shivaei for useful
discussion in the making of this paper. AAK acknowledges that this work was supported
by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program –
Grant NNX16AO92H. DS acknowledges financial support from the Netherlands Organization
for Scientific Research (NWO) through a Veni fellowship and from Lancaster University
through an Early Career Internal Grant A100679. PNB is grateful for support from
STFC via grant STM001229/1. IRS acknowledges support from STFC (ST/L00075X/1), the
ERC Advanced Grant DUSTYGAL (321334), and a Royal Society/Wolfson Merit award. JM
acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden University. BD
acknowledges financial support from NASA through the Astrophysics Data Analysis
Program (ADAP), grant number NNX12AE20G.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: A A
full_name: Khostovan, A A
last_name: Khostovan
- first_name: D
full_name: Sobral, D
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: B
full_name: Mobasher, B
last_name: Mobasher
- first_name: P N
full_name: Best, P N
last_name: Best
- first_name: I
full_name: Smail, I
last_name: Smail
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: B
full_name: Darvish, B
last_name: Darvish
- first_name: H
full_name: Nayyeri, H
last_name: Nayyeri
- first_name: S
full_name: Hemmati, S
last_name: Hemmati
- first_name: J P
full_name: Stott, J P
last_name: Stott
citation:
ama: 'Khostovan AA, Sobral D, Mobasher B, et al. The clustering of H β + [O III]
and [O II] emitters since z ∼ 5: Dependencies with line luminosity and stellar
mass. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2018;478(3):2999-3015.
doi:10.1093/mnras/sty925'
apa: 'Khostovan, A. A., Sobral, D., Mobasher, B., Best, P. N., Smail, I., Matthee,
J. J., … Stott, J. P. (2018). The clustering of H β + [O III] and [O II] emitters
since z ∼ 5: Dependencies with line luminosity and stellar mass. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty925'
chicago: 'Khostovan, A A, D Sobral, B Mobasher, P N Best, I Smail, Jorryt J Matthee,
B Darvish, H Nayyeri, S Hemmati, and J P Stott. “The Clustering of H β + [O III]
and [O II] Emitters since z ∼ 5: Dependencies with Line Luminosity and Stellar
Mass.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty925.'
ieee: 'A. A. Khostovan et al., “The clustering of H β + [O III] and [O II]
emitters since z ∼ 5: Dependencies with line luminosity and stellar mass,” Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 478, no. 3. Oxford University
Press, pp. 2999–3015, 2018.'
ista: 'Khostovan AA, Sobral D, Mobasher B, Best PN, Smail I, Matthee JJ, Darvish
B, Nayyeri H, Hemmati S, Stott JP. 2018. The clustering of H β + [O III] and [O II]
emitters since z ∼ 5: Dependencies with line luminosity and stellar mass. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 478(3), 2999–3015.'
mla: 'Khostovan, A. A., et al. “The Clustering of H β + [O III] and [O II] Emitters
since z ∼ 5: Dependencies with Line Luminosity and Stellar Mass.” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 478, no. 3, Oxford University Press,
2018, pp. 2999–3015, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty925.'
short: A.A. Khostovan, D. Sobral, B. Mobasher, P.N. Best, I. Smail, J.J. Matthee,
B. Darvish, H. Nayyeri, S. Hemmati, J.P. Stott, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society 478 (2018) 2999–3015.
date_created: 2022-07-08T11:48:48Z
date_published: 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T06:53:39Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty925
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1705.01101'
intvolume: ' 478'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: haloes'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: star formation'
- 'cosmology: observations'
- large-scale structure of Universe
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.01101
month: '08'
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2999-3015
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The clustering of H β + [O III] and [O II] emitters since z ∼ 5: Dependencies
with line luminosity and stellar mass'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 478
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '11555'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigate the morphology of the [C II] emission in a sample of ‘normal’
star-forming galaxies at 5 < z < 7.2 in relation to their UV (rest-frame) counterpart.
We use new Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) observations of
galaxies at z ∼ 6–7, as well as a careful re-analysis of archival ALMA data. In
total 29 galaxies were analysed, 21 of which are detected in [C II]. For several
of the latter the [C II] emission breaks into multiple components. Only a fraction
of these [C II] components, if any, is associated with the primary UV systems,
while the bulk of the [C II] emission is associated either with fainter UV components,
or not associated with any UV counterpart at the current limits. By taking into
account the presence of all these components, we find that the L[CII]–SFR (star
formation rate) relation at early epochs is fully consistent with the local relation,
but it has a dispersion of 0.48 ± 0.07 dex, which is about two times larger than
observed locally. We also find that the deviation from the local L[CII]–SFR relation
has a weak anticorrelation with the EW(Ly α). The morphological analysis also
reveals that [C II] emission is generally much more extended than the UV emission.
As a consequence, these primordial galaxies are characterized by a [C II] surface
brightness generally much lower than expected from the local Σ[CII]−ΣSFR relation.
These properties are likely a consequence of a combination of different effects,
namely gas metallicity, [C II] emission from obscured star-forming regions, strong
variations of the ionization parameter, and circumgalactic gas in accretion or
ejected by these primeval galaxies.
acknowledgement: "This paper makes use of the following ALMA data:\r\nADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00719.S,
ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.A.00040.S,\r\nADS/JAO.ALMA#2013.A.00433.S, ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00115.S,\r\nADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00033.S,
ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00523.S,\r\nADS/JAO.ALMA#2013.1.00815.S, ADS/JAO.ALMA#2015.1.00834.S.,\r\nADS/JAO.ALMA#2015.1.01105.S,
AND ADS/JAO.ALMA#2016.1.01240.S\r\nwhich can be retrieved from the ALMA data archive:\r\nhttps://almascience.eso.org/
alma-data/archive. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states),
NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan),
in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated
by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. We are grateful to G. Jones to for providing his [C
II] flux maps. RM and SC acknowledge support by the Science and Technology Facilities
Council (STFC). RM acknowledges ERC Advanced Grant 695671 ‘QUENCH’. AF acknowledges
support from the ERC Advanced Grant INTERSTELLAR H2020/740120."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: S
full_name: Carniani, S
last_name: Carniani
- first_name: R
full_name: Maiolino, R
last_name: Maiolino
- first_name: R
full_name: Amorin, R
last_name: Amorin
- first_name: L
full_name: Pentericci, L
last_name: Pentericci
- first_name: A
full_name: Pallottini, A
last_name: Pallottini
- first_name: A
full_name: Ferrara, A
last_name: Ferrara
- first_name: C J
full_name: Willott, C J
last_name: Willott
- first_name: R
full_name: Smit, R
last_name: Smit
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: D
full_name: Sobral, D
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: P
full_name: Santini, P
last_name: Santini
- first_name: M
full_name: Castellano, M
last_name: Castellano
- first_name: S
full_name: De Barros, S
last_name: De Barros
- first_name: A
full_name: Fontana, A
last_name: Fontana
- first_name: A
full_name: Grazian, A
last_name: Grazian
- first_name: L
full_name: Guaita, L
last_name: Guaita
citation:
ama: Carniani S, Maiolino R, Amorin R, et al. Kiloparsec-scale gaseous clumps and
star formation at z = 5–7. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
2018;478(1):1170-1184. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1088
apa: Carniani, S., Maiolino, R., Amorin, R., Pentericci, L., Pallottini, A., Ferrara,
A., … Guaita, L. (2018). Kiloparsec-scale gaseous clumps and star formation at
z = 5–7. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1088
chicago: Carniani, S, R Maiolino, R Amorin, L Pentericci, A Pallottini, A Ferrara,
C J Willott, et al. “Kiloparsec-Scale Gaseous Clumps and Star Formation at z = 5–7.”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press,
2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1088.
ieee: S. Carniani et al., “Kiloparsec-scale gaseous clumps and star formation
at z = 5–7,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 478,
no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 1170–1184, 2018.
ista: Carniani S, Maiolino R, Amorin R, Pentericci L, Pallottini A, Ferrara A, Willott
CJ, Smit R, Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Santini P, Castellano M, De Barros S, Fontana
A, Grazian A, Guaita L. 2018. Kiloparsec-scale gaseous clumps and star formation
at z = 5–7. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 478(1), 1170–1184.
mla: Carniani, S., et al. “Kiloparsec-Scale Gaseous Clumps and Star Formation at
z = 5–7.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 478,
no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2018, pp. 1170–84, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1088.
short: S. Carniani, R. Maiolino, R. Amorin, L. Pentericci, A. Pallottini, A. Ferrara,
C.J. Willott, R. Smit, J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, P. Santini, M. Castellano, S.
De Barros, A. Fontana, A. Grazian, L. Guaita, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society 478 (2018) 1170–1184.
date_created: 2022-07-11T08:05:42Z
date_published: 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T06:58:06Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty1088
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1712.03985'
intvolume: ' 478'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: ISM'
- 'galaxies: formation'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.03985
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1170-1184
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Kiloparsec-scale gaseous clumps and star formation at z = 5–7
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 478
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '11557'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Deep narrow-band surveys have revealed a large population of faint Ly α emitters
(LAEs) in the distant Universe, but relatively little is known about the most
luminous sources (LLyα≳1042.7 erg s−1; LLyα≳L∗Lyα). Here we present the spectroscopic
follow-up of 21 luminous LAEs at z ∼ 2–3 found with panoramic narrow-band surveys
over five independent extragalactic fields (≈4 × 106 Mpc3 surveyed at z ∼ 2.2
and z ∼ 3.1). We use WHT/ISIS, Keck/DEIMOS, and VLT/X-SHOOTER to study these sources
using high ionization UV lines. Luminous LAEs at z ∼ 2–3 have blue UV slopes (β=−2.0+0.3−0.1)
and high Ly α escape fractions (50+20−15 per cent) and span five orders of magnitude
in UV luminosity (MUV ≈ −19 to −24). Many (70 per cent) show at least one high
ionization rest-frame UV line such as C IV, N V, C III], He II or O III], typically
blue-shifted by ≈100–200 km s−1 relative to Ly α. Their Ly α profiles reveal a
wide variety of shapes, including significant blue-shifted components and widths
from 200 to 4000 km s−1. Overall, 60 ± 11 per cent appear to be active galactic
nucleus (AGN) dominated, and at LLyα > 1043.3 erg s−1 and/or MUV < −21.5 virtually
all LAEs are AGNs with high ionization parameters (log U = 0.6 ± 0.5) and with
metallicities of ≈0.5 − 1 Z⊙. Those lacking signatures of AGNs (40 ± 11 per cent)
have lower ionization parameters (logU=−3.0+1.6−0.9 and log ξion = 25.4 ± 0.2)
and are apparently metal-poor sources likely powered by young, dust-poor ‘maximal’
starbursts. Our results show that luminous LAEs at z ∼ 2–3 are a diverse population
and that 2×L∗Lyα and 2×M∗UV mark a sharp transition in the nature of LAEs, from
star formation dominated to AGN dominated.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the anonymous reviewer for their timely and constructive
comments that greatly helped us to improve the manuscript. DS acknowledges financial
support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific research (NWO) through
a Veni fellowship and from Lancaster University through an Early Career Internal
Grant A100679. JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden
University. BD acknowledges financial support from NASA through the Astrophysics
Data Analysis Program (ADAP), grant number NNX12AE20G, and the National Science
Foundation, grant number 1716907. IRS acknowledges support from the ERC Advanced
Grant DUSTYGAL (321334), STFC (ST/P000541/1), and a Royal Society/Wolfson Merit
Award. PNB is grateful for support from STFC via grant ST/M001229/1. We thank Anne
Verhamme, Kimihiko Nakajima, Ryan Trainor, Sangeeta Malhotra, Max Gronke, James
Rhoads, Fang Xia An, Matthew Hayes, Takashi Kojima, Mark Dijkstra, and Anne Jaskot
for many helpful and engaging discussions, particularly during the SnowCLAW Ly α
workshop. We thank Bruno Ribeiro, Stephane Charlot, and Joseph Caruana for comments
on the manuscript. The authors would also like to thank Ingrid Tengs, Meg Singleton,
Ali Khostovan, and Sara Perez for participating in part of the observations. We
also thank Joao Calhau, Leah Morabito, Sergio Santos, and Aayush Saxena for their
assistance with the narrow-band observations which allowed to select some of the
sour ces. Based on observations obtained with the William Herschel Telescope, program:
W16AN004; the Very Large Telescope, programs: 098.A-0819 & 099.A-0254; and the Keck
II telescope, program: C267D. Based on data products from observations made with
ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO programme IDs 294.A-5018,
294.A-5039, 092.A-0786, 093.A-0561, 097.A-0943, 098.A-0819, 099.A-0254 and 179.A-2005.
The authors acknowledge the award of service time (SW2014b20) on the WHT. WHT and
its service programme are operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton
Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de
Astrofisica de Canarias. The authors would also like to thank all the extremely
helpful observatory staff that have greatly contributed towards our observations,
particularly Fiona Riddick, Lilian Dominguez, Florencia Jimenez, and Ian Skillen.
We have benefited greatly from the publicly available programming language PYTHON,
including the NUMPY & SCIPY (Van Der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011; Jones et al.
2001), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013), and
the TOPCAT analysis program (Taylor 2013). This research has made use of the VizieR
catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Behnam
full_name: Darvish, Behnam
last_name: Darvish
- first_name: Ian
full_name: Smail, Ian
last_name: Smail
- first_name: Philip N
full_name: Best, Philip N
last_name: Best
- first_name: Lara
full_name: Alegre, Lara
last_name: Alegre
- first_name: Huub
full_name: Röttgering, Huub
last_name: Röttgering
- first_name: Bahram
full_name: Mobasher, Bahram
last_name: Mobasher
- first_name: Ana
full_name: Paulino-Afonso, Ana
last_name: Paulino-Afonso
- first_name: Andra
full_name: Stroe, Andra
last_name: Stroe
- first_name: Iván
full_name: Oteo, Iván
last_name: Oteo
citation:
ama: 'Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Darvish B, et al. The nature of luminous Ly α emitters
at z ∼ 2–3: Maximal dust-poor starbursts and highly ionizing AGN. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2018;477(2):2817-2840. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty782'
apa: 'Sobral, D., Matthee, J. J., Darvish, B., Smail, I., Best, P. N., Alegre, L.,
… Oteo, I. (2018). The nature of luminous Ly α emitters at z ∼ 2–3: Maximal dust-poor
starbursts and highly ionizing AGN. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty782'
chicago: 'Sobral, David, Jorryt J Matthee, Behnam Darvish, Ian Smail, Philip N Best,
Lara Alegre, Huub Röttgering, et al. “The Nature of Luminous Ly α Emitters at
z ∼ 2–3: Maximal Dust-Poor Starbursts and Highly Ionizing AGN.” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty782.'
ieee: 'D. Sobral et al., “The nature of luminous Ly α emitters at z ∼ 2–3:
Maximal dust-poor starbursts and highly ionizing AGN,” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 477, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp.
2817–2840, 2018.'
ista: 'Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Darvish B, Smail I, Best PN, Alegre L, Röttgering H,
Mobasher B, Paulino-Afonso A, Stroe A, Oteo I. 2018. The nature of luminous Ly
α emitters at z ∼ 2–3: Maximal dust-poor starbursts and highly ionizing AGN. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 477(2), 2817–2840.'
mla: 'Sobral, David, et al. “The Nature of Luminous Ly α Emitters at z ∼ 2–3: Maximal
Dust-Poor Starbursts and Highly Ionizing AGN.” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society, vol. 477, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2018, pp.
2817–40, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty782.'
short: D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, B. Darvish, I. Smail, P.N. Best, L. Alegre, H. Röttgering,
B. Mobasher, A. Paulino-Afonso, A. Stroe, I. Oteo, Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society 477 (2018) 2817–2840.
date_created: 2022-07-12T07:18:02Z
date_published: 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-19T07:01:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty782
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1802.10102'
intvolume: ' 477'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- 'galaxies: active'
- 'galaxies: evolution'
- 'galaxies: high-redshift'
- 'galaxies: ISM'
- 'galaxies: starburst'
- 'cosmology: observations'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.10102
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 2817-2840
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The nature of luminous Ly α emitters at z ∼ 2–3: Maximal dust-poor starbursts
and highly ionizing AGN'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 477
year: '2018'
...