---
_id: '14628'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We introduce a compact, intuitive procedural graph representation for cellular
metamaterials, which are small-scale, tileable structures that can be architected
to exhibit many useful material properties. Because the structures’ “architectures”
vary widely—with elements such as beams, thin shells, and solid bulks—it is difficult
to explore them using existing representations. Generic approaches like voxel
grids are versatile, but it is cumbersome to represent and edit individual structures;
architecture-specific approaches address these issues, but are incompatible with
one another. By contrast, our procedural graph succinctly represents the construction
process for any structure using a simple skeleton annotated with spatially varying
thickness. To express the highly constrained triply periodic minimal surfaces
(TPMS) in this manner, we present the first fully automated version of the conjugate
surface construction method, which allows novices to create complex TPMS from
intuitive input. We demonstrate our representation’s expressiveness, accuracy,
and compactness by constructing a wide range of established structures and hundreds
of novel structures with diverse architectures and material properties. We also
conduct a user study to verify our representation’s ease-of-use and ability to
expand engineers’ capacity for exploration.
acknowledgement: "The authors thank Mina Konaković Luković and Michael Foshey for
their early contributions to this project, David Palmer and Paul Zhang for their
insightful discussions about minimal surfaces and the CSCM, Julian Panetta for providing
the Elastic Textures code, and Hannes Hergeth for his feedback and support. We also
thank our user study participants and anonymous reviewers.\r\nThis material is based
upon work supported by the National Science Foundation\r\n(NSF) Graduate Research
Fellowship under Grant No. 2141064; the MIT Morningside\r\nAcademy for Design Fellowship;
the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency\r\n(DARPA) Grant No. FA8750-20-C-0075;
the ERC Consolidator Grant No. 101045083,\r\n“CoDiNA: Computational Discovery of
Numerical Algorithms for Animation and Simulation of Natural Phenomena”; and the
NewSat project, which is co-funded by the Operational Program for Competitiveness
and Internationalisation (COMPETE2020), Portugal 2020, the European Regional Development
Fund (ERDF), and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FTC) under
the MIT Portugal program."
article_number: '168'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Liane
full_name: Makatura, Liane
last_name: Makatura
- first_name: Bohan
full_name: Wang, Bohan
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yi-Lu
full_name: Chen, Yi-Lu
id: 0b467602-dbcd-11ea-9d1d-ed480aa46b70
last_name: Chen
- first_name: Bolei
full_name: Deng, Bolei
last_name: Deng
- first_name: Christopher J
full_name: Wojtan, Christopher J
id: 3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Wojtan
orcid: 0000-0001-6646-5546
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Wojciech
full_name: Matusik, Wojciech
last_name: Matusik
citation:
ama: 'Makatura L, Wang B, Chen Y-L, et al. Procedural metamaterials: A unified procedural
graph for metamaterial design. ACM Transactions on Graphics. 2023;42(5).
doi:10.1145/3605389'
apa: 'Makatura, L., Wang, B., Chen, Y.-L., Deng, B., Wojtan, C., Bickel, B., &
Matusik, W. (2023). Procedural metamaterials: A unified procedural graph for metamaterial
design. ACM Transactions on Graphics. Association for Computing Machinery.
https://doi.org/10.1145/3605389'
chicago: 'Makatura, Liane, Bohan Wang, Yi-Lu Chen, Bolei Deng, Chris Wojtan, Bernd
Bickel, and Wojciech Matusik. “Procedural Metamaterials: A Unified Procedural
Graph for Metamaterial Design.” ACM Transactions on Graphics. Association
for Computing Machinery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3605389.'
ieee: 'L. Makatura et al., “Procedural metamaterials: A unified procedural
graph for metamaterial design,” ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 42,
no. 5. Association for Computing Machinery, 2023.'
ista: 'Makatura L, Wang B, Chen Y-L, Deng B, Wojtan C, Bickel B, Matusik W. 2023.
Procedural metamaterials: A unified procedural graph for metamaterial design.
ACM Transactions on Graphics. 42(5), 168.'
mla: 'Makatura, Liane, et al. “Procedural Metamaterials: A Unified Procedural Graph
for Metamaterial Design.” ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 42, no. 5,
168, Association for Computing Machinery, 2023, doi:10.1145/3605389.'
short: L. Makatura, B. Wang, Y.-L. Chen, B. Deng, C. Wojtan, B. Bickel, W. Matusik,
ACM Transactions on Graphics 42 (2023).
date_created: 2023-11-29T15:02:03Z
date_published: 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-12-04T08:09:05Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '531'
- '006'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: ChWo
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3605389
file:
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date_created: 2023-12-04T08:04:14Z
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 42'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 34bc2376-11ca-11ed-8bc3-9a3b3961a088
grant_number: '101045083'
name: Computational Discovery of Numerical Algorithms for Animation and Simulation
of Natural Phenomena
publication: ACM Transactions on Graphics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0730-0301
- 1557-7368
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Procedural metamaterials: A unified procedural graph for metamaterial design'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 42
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '11993'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Moulding refers to a set of manufacturing techniques in which a mould, usually
a cavity or a solid frame, is used to shape a liquid or pliable material into
an object of the desired shape. The popularity of moulding comes from its effectiveness,
scalability and versatility in terms of employed materials. Its relevance as a
fabrication process is demonstrated by the extensive literature covering different
aspects related to mould design, from material flow simulation to the automation
of mould geometry design. In this state-of-the-art report, we provide an extensive
review of the automatic methods for the design of moulds, focusing on contributions
from a geometric perspective. We classify existing mould design methods based
on their computational approach and the nature of their target moulding process.
We summarize the relationships between computational approaches and moulding techniques,
highlighting their strengths and limitations. Finally, we discuss potential future
research directions.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Alderighi, Thomas
last_name: Alderighi
- first_name: Luigi
full_name: Malomo, Luigi
last_name: Malomo
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Auzinger, Thomas
id: 4718F954-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Auzinger
orcid: 0000-0002-1546-3265
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Paulo
full_name: Cignoni, Paulo
last_name: Cignoni
- first_name: Nico
full_name: Pietroni, Nico
last_name: Pietroni
citation:
ama: Alderighi T, Malomo L, Auzinger T, Bickel B, Cignoni P, Pietroni N. State of
the art in computational mould design. Computer Graphics Forum. 2022;41(6):435-452.
doi:10.1111/cgf.14581
apa: Alderighi, T., Malomo, L., Auzinger, T., Bickel, B., Cignoni, P., & Pietroni,
N. (2022). State of the art in computational mould design. Computer Graphics
Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14581
chicago: Alderighi, Thomas, Luigi Malomo, Thomas Auzinger, Bernd Bickel, Paulo Cignoni,
and Nico Pietroni. “State of the Art in Computational Mould Design.” Computer
Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14581.
ieee: T. Alderighi, L. Malomo, T. Auzinger, B. Bickel, P. Cignoni, and N. Pietroni,
“State of the art in computational mould design,” Computer Graphics Forum,
vol. 41, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 435–452, 2022.
ista: Alderighi T, Malomo L, Auzinger T, Bickel B, Cignoni P, Pietroni N. 2022.
State of the art in computational mould design. Computer Graphics Forum. 41(6),
435–452.
mla: Alderighi, Thomas, et al. “State of the Art in Computational Mould Design.”
Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 6, Wiley, 2022, pp. 435–52, doi:10.1111/cgf.14581.
short: T. Alderighi, L. Malomo, T. Auzinger, B. Bickel, P. Cignoni, N. Pietroni,
Computer Graphics Forum 41 (2022) 435–452.
date_created: 2022-08-28T18:17:01Z
date_published: 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-03T13:21:55Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1111/cgf.14581
external_id:
isi:
- '000842638900001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c40cc8ceb7b7f0512172b883d712198e
content_type: application/pdf
creator: bbickel
date_created: 2022-08-28T18:18:08Z
date_updated: 2022-08-28T18:18:08Z
description: 'This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Alderighi,
T., Malomo, L., Auzinger, T., Bickel, B., Cignoni, P. and Pietroni, N. (2022),
State of the Art in Computational Mould Design. Computer Graphics Forum, which
has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14581. This article
may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions
for Use of Self-Archived Versions.'
file_id: '11994'
file_name: star_molding_preprint.pdf
file_size: 32480850
relation: main_file
title: pre-peer reviewed version
file_date_updated: 2022-08-28T18:18:08Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 41'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
keyword:
- Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 435-452
publication: Computer Graphics Forum
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1467-8659
issn:
- 0167-7055
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: State of the art in computational mould design
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 41
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '8366'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Fabrication of curved shells plays an important role in modern design, industry,
and science. Among their remarkable properties are, for example, aesthetics of
organic shapes, ability to evenly distribute loads, or efficient flow separation.
They find applications across vast length scales ranging from sky-scraper architecture
to microscopic devices. But, at\r\nthe same time, the design of curved shells
and their manufacturing process pose a variety of challenges. In this thesis,
they are addressed from several perspectives. In particular, this thesis presents
approaches based on the transformation of initially flat sheets into the target
curved surfaces. This involves problems of interactive design of shells with nontrivial
mechanical constraints, inverse design of complex structural materials, and data-driven
modeling of delicate and time-dependent physical properties. At the same time,
two newly-developed self-morphing mechanisms targeting flat-to-curved transformation
are presented.\r\nIn architecture, doubly curved surfaces can be realized as cold
bent glass panelizations. Originally flat glass panels are bent into frames and
remain stressed. This is a cost-efficient fabrication approach compared to hot
bending, when glass panels are shaped plastically. However such constructions
are prone to breaking during bending, and it is highly\r\nnontrivial to navigate
the design space, keeping the panels fabricable and aesthetically pleasing at
the same time. We introduce an interactive design system for cold bent glass façades,
while previously even offline optimization for such scenarios has not been sufficiently
developed. Our method is based on a deep learning approach providing quick\r\nand
high precision estimation of glass panel shape and stress while handling the shape\r\nmultimodality.\r\nFabrication
of smaller objects of scales below 1 m, can also greatly benefit from shaping
originally flat sheets. In this respect, we designed new self-morphing shell mechanisms
transforming from an initial flat state to a doubly curved state with high precision
and detail. Our so-called CurveUps demonstrate the encodement of the geometric
information\r\ninto the shell. Furthermore, we explored the frontiers of programmable
materials and showed how temporal information can additionally be encoded into
a flat shell. This allows prescribing deformation sequences for doubly curved
surfaces and, thus, facilitates self-collision avoidance enabling complex shapes
and functionalities otherwise impossible.\r\nBoth of these methods include inverse
design tools keeping the user in the design loop."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "During the work on this thesis, I received substantial support from
IST Austria’s scientific service units. A big thank you to Todor Asenov and other
Miba Machine Shop team members for their help with fabrication of experimental prototypes.
In addition, I would like to thank Scientific Computing team for the support with
high performance computing.\r\nFinancial support was provided by the European Research
Council (ERC) under grant agreement No 715767 - MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented
Computational Design and Modeling, which I gratefully acknowledge."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Ruslan
full_name: Guseinov, Ruslan
id: 3AB45EE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Guseinov
orcid: 0000-0001-9819-5077
citation:
ama: 'Guseinov R. Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass façades
to programmable matter. 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366'
apa: 'Guseinov, R. (2020). Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass
façades to programmable matter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366'
chicago: 'Guseinov, Ruslan. “Computational Design of Curved Thin Shells: From Glass
Façades to Programmable Matter.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366.'
ieee: 'R. Guseinov, “Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass façades
to programmable matter,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
ista: 'Guseinov R. 2020. Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass
façades to programmable matter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
mla: 'Guseinov, Ruslan. Computational Design of Curved Thin Shells: From Glass
Façades to Programmable Matter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2020, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366.'
short: 'R. Guseinov, Computational Design of Curved Thin Shells: From Glass Façades
to Programmable Matter, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-09-10T16:19:55Z
date_published: 2020-09-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T12:44:29Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:8366
ec_funded: 1
file:
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file_name: thesis_source.zip
file_size: 76207597
relation: source_file
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has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- computer-aided design
- shape modeling
- self-morphing
- mechanical engineering
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '118'
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '715767'
name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
Modeling'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-010-7
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '7151'
relation: research_data
status: deleted
- id: '7262'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8562'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1001'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '8375'
relation: research_data
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status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
title: 'Computational design of curved thin shells: From glass façades to programmable
matter'
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2020'
...