---
_id: '14280'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Cell division in Escherichia coli is performed by the divisome, a multi-protein
    complex composed of more than 30 proteins. The divisome spans from the cytoplasm
    through the inner membrane to the cell wall and the outer membrane. Divisome assembly
    is initiated by a cytoskeletal structure, the so-called Z-ring, which localizes
    at the center of the E. coli cell and determines the position of the future cell
    septum. The Z-ring is composed of the highly conserved bacterial tubulin homologue
    FtsZ, which forms treadmilling filaments. These filaments are recruited to the
    inner membrane by FtsA, a highly conserved bacterial actin homologue. FtsA interacts
    with other proteins in the periplasm and thus connects the cytoplasmic and periplasmic
    components of the divisome. \r\nA previous model postulated that FtsA regulates
    maturation of the divisome by switching from an oligomeric, inactive state to
    a monomeric and active state. This model was based mostly on in vivo studies,
    as a biochemical characterization of FtsA has been hampered by difficulties in
    purifying the protein. Here, we studied FtsA using an in vitro reconstitution
    approach and aimed to answer two questions: (i) How are dynamics from cytoplasmic,
    treadmilling FtsZ filaments coupled to proteins acting in the periplasmic space
    and (ii) How does FtsA regulate the maturation of the divisome?\r\nWe found that
    the cytoplasmic peptides of the transmembrane proteins FtsN and FtsQ interact
    directly with FtsA and can follow the spatiotemporal signal of FtsA/Z filaments.
    When we investigated the underlying mechanism by imaging single molecules of FtsNcyto,
    we found the peptide to interact transiently with FtsA. An in depth analysis of
    the single molecule trajectories helped to postulate a model where PG synthases
    follow the dynamics of FtsZ by a diffusion and capture mechanism. \r\nFollowing
    up on these findings we were interested in how the self-interaction of FtsA changes
    when it encounters FtsNcyto and if we can confirm the proposed oligomer-monomer
    switch. For this, we compared the behavior of the previously identified, hyperactive
    mutant FtsA R286W with wildtype FtsA. The mutant outperforms WT in mirroring and
    transmitting the spatiotemporal signal of treadmilling FtsZ filaments. Surprisingly
    however, we found that this was not due to a difference in the self-interaction
    strength of the two variants, but a difference in their membrane residence time.
    Furthermore, in contrast to our expectations, upon binding of FtsNcyto the measured
    self-interaction of FtsA actually increased. \r\nWe propose that FtsNcyto induces
    a rearrangement of the oligomeric architecture of FtsA. In further consequence
    this change leads to more persistent FtsZ filaments which results in a defined
    signalling zone, allowing formation of the mature divisome. The observed difference
    between FtsA WT and R286W is due to the vastly different membrane turnover of
    the proteins. R286W cycles 5-10x faster compared to WT which allows to sample
    FtsZ filaments at faster frequencies. These findings can explain the observed
    differences in toxicity for overexpression of FtsA WT and R286W and help to understand
    how FtsA regulates divisome maturation."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Radler, Philipp
  id: 40136C2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Radler
  orcid: '0000-0001-9198-2182 '
citation:
  ama: Radler P. Spatiotemporal signaling during assembly of the bacterial divisome.
    2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14280">10.15479/at:ista:14280</a>
  apa: Radler, P. (2023). <i>Spatiotemporal signaling during assembly of the bacterial
    divisome</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14280">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14280</a>
  chicago: Radler, Philipp. “Spatiotemporal Signaling during Assembly of the Bacterial
    Divisome.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14280">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14280</a>.
  ieee: P. Radler, “Spatiotemporal signaling during assembly of the bacterial divisome,”
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.
  ista: Radler P. 2023. Spatiotemporal signaling during assembly of the bacterial
    divisome. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
  mla: Radler, Philipp. <i>Spatiotemporal Signaling during Assembly of the Bacterial
    Divisome</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14280">10.15479/at:ista:14280</a>.
  short: P. Radler, Spatiotemporal Signaling during Assembly of the Bacterial Divisome,
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.
date_created: 2023-09-06T10:58:25Z
date_published: 2023-09-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T12:35:18Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '572'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MaLo
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:14280
ec_funded: 1
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file_date_updated: 2023-10-04T10:28:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Cell Division
- Reconstitution
- FtsZ
- FtsA
- Divisome
- E.coli
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: Published Version
page: '156'
project:
- _id: 2595697A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '679239'
  name: Self-Organization of the Bacterial Cell
- _id: fc38323b-9c52-11eb-aca3-ff8afb4a011d
  grant_number: P34607
  name: "Understanding bacterial cell division by in vitro\r\nreconstitution"
- _id: 2596EAB6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: ALTF 2015-1163
  name: Synthesis of bacterial cell wall
- _id: 259B655A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: LT000824/2016
  name: Reconstitution of bacterial cell wall sythesis
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-3-99078-033-6
  issn:
  - 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '11373'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
  - id: '7387'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
  - id: '10934'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Loose, Martin
  id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Loose
  orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724
title: Spatiotemporal signaling during assembly of the bacterial divisome
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10934'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'FtsA is crucial for assembly of the E. coli divisome, as it dynamically links
    cytoplasmic FtsZ filaments with transmembrane cell division proteins. FtsA allegedly
    initiates cell division by switching from an inactive polymeric to an active monomeric
    confirmation, which recruits downstream proteins and stabilizes FtsZ filaments.
    Here, we use biochemical reconstitution experiments combined with quantitative
    fluorescence microscopy to study divisome activation in vitro. We compare wildtype-FtsA
    with FtsA-R286W, a constantly active gain-of-function mutant and find that R286W
    outperforms the wildtype protein in replicating FtsZ treadmilling dynamics, stabilizing
    FtsZ filaments and recruiting FtsN. We attribute these differences to a faster
    membrane exchange of FtsA-R286W and its higher packing density below FtsZ filaments.  Using
    FRET microscopy, we find that FtsN binding does not compete with, but promotes
    FtsA self-interaction. Our findings suggest a model where FtsA always forms dynamic
    polymers on the membrane, which re-organize during assembly and activation of
    the divisome. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: LifeSc
acknowledgement: We acknowledge members of the Loose laboratory at IST Austria for
  helpful discussions—in particular L. Lindorfer for his assistance with cloning and
  purifications. We thank J. Löwe and T. Nierhaus (MRC-LMB Cambridge, UK) for sharing
  unpublished work and helpful discussions, as well as D. Vavylonis and D. Rutkowski
  (Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA) as well as S. Martin (University of Lausanne,
  Switzerland) for sharing their code for FRAP analysis. We are also thankful for
  the support by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources
  provided by the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF) and the Lab Support Facility (LSF).
  This work was supported by the European Research Council through grant ERC 2015-StG-679239
  and by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) StandAlone P34607 to M.L. and HFSP LT 000824/2016-L4
  to N.B. For the purpose of open access, we have applied a CC BY public copyright
  licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Radler, Philipp
  id: 40136C2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Radler
  orcid: ' 0000-0001-9198-2182 '
citation:
  ama: Radler P. In vitro reconstitution of Escherichia coli divisome activation.
    2022. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934">10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934</a>
  apa: Radler, P. (2022). In vitro reconstitution of Escherichia coli divisome activation.
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934</a>
  chicago: Radler, Philipp. “In Vitro Reconstitution of Escherichia Coli Divisome
    Activation.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934</a>.
  ieee: P. Radler, “In vitro reconstitution of Escherichia coli divisome activation.”
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022.
  ista: Radler P. 2022. In vitro reconstitution of Escherichia coli divisome activation,
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934">10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934</a>.
  mla: Radler, Philipp. <i>In Vitro Reconstitution of Escherichia Coli Divisome Activation</i>.
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934">10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934</a>.
  short: P. Radler, (2022).
contributor:
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  first_name: Martin
  id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Loose
  orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Christoph M
  id: 4DF26D8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sommer
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Paulo
  last_name: Caldas
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: David
  id: B9577E20-AA38-11E9-AC9A-0930E6697425
  last_name: Michalik
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Natalia
  last_name: Baranova
date_created: 2022-03-31T11:32:32Z
date_published: 2022-04-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-21T12:35:18Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '572'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MaLo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:10934
ec_funded: 1
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- FtsZ
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month: '04'
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  name: Self-Organization of the Bacterial Cell
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publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
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  - description: A custom written code (FRAPdiff) to quantify the Off binding rate
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  - id: '14280'
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status: public
title: In vitro reconstitution of Escherichia coli divisome activation
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  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
