---
_id: '12491'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hydrated and complex three-dimensional
network consisting of proteins, polysaccharides, and water. It provides structural
scaffolding for the cells embedded within it and is essential in regulating numerous
physiological processes, including cell migration and proliferation, wound healing,
and stem cell fate. \r\nDespite extensive study, detailed structural knowledge
of ECM components in physiologically relevant conditions is still rudimentary.
This is due to methodological limitations in specimen preparation protocols which
are incompatible with keeping large samples, such as the ECM, in their native
state for subsequent imaging. Conventional electron microscopy (EM) techniques
rely on fixation, dehydration, contrasting, and sectioning. This results in the
alteration of a highly hydrated environment and the potential introduction of
artifacts. Other structural biology techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR) spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, allow high-resolution analysis of
protein structures but only work on homogenous and purified samples, hence lacking
contextual information. Currently, no approach exists for the ultrastructural
and structural study of extracellular components under native conditions in a
physiological, 3D environment. \r\nIn this thesis, I have developed a workflow
that allows for the ultrastructural analysis of the ECM in near-native conditions
at molecular resolution. The developments I introduced include implementing a
novel specimen preparation workflow for cell-derived matrices (CDMs) to render
them compatible with ion-beam milling and subsequent high-resolution cryo-electron
tomography (ET). \r\nTo this end, I have established protocols to generate CDMs
grown over several weeks on EM grids that are compatible with downstream cryo-EM
sample preparation and imaging techniques. Characterization of these ECMs confirmed
that they contain essential ECM components such as collagen I, collagen VI, and
fibronectin I in high abundance and hence represent a bona fide biologically-relevant
sample. I successfully optimized vitrification of these specimens by testing various
vitrification techniques and cryoprotectants. \r\nIn order to obtain high-resolution
molecular insights into the ultrastructure and organization of CDMs, I established
cryo-focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIBSEM) on these challenging
and complex specimens. I explored different approaches for the creation of thin
cryo-lamellae by FIB milling and succeeded in optimizing the cryo-lift-out technique,
resulting in high-quality lamellae of approximately 200 nm thickness. \r\nHigh-resolution
Cryo-ET of these lamellae revealed for the first time the architecture of native
CDM in the context of matrix-secreting cells. This allowed for the in situ visualization
of fibrillar matrix proteins such as collagen, laying the foundation for future
structural and ultrastructural characterization of these proteins in their near-native
environment. \r\nIn summary, in this thesis, I present a novel workflow that combines
state-of-the-art cryo-EM specimen preparation and imaging technologies to permit
characterization of the ECM, an important tissue component in higher organisms.
This innovative and highly versatile workflow will enable addressing far-reaching
questions on ECM architecture, composition, and reciprocal ECM-cell interactions."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Bettina
full_name: Zens, Bettina
id: 45FD126C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zens
citation:
ama: Zens B. Ultrastructural characterization of natively preserved extracellular
matrix by cryo-electron tomography. 2023. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12491
apa: Zens, B. (2023). Ultrastructural characterization of natively preserved
extracellular matrix by cryo-electron tomography. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12491
chicago: Zens, Bettina. “Ultrastructural Characterization of Natively Preserved
Extracellular Matrix by Cryo-Electron Tomography.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12491.
ieee: B. Zens, “Ultrastructural characterization of natively preserved extracellular
matrix by cryo-electron tomography,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2023.
ista: Zens B. 2023. Ultrastructural characterization of natively preserved extracellular
matrix by cryo-electron tomography. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Zens, Bettina. Ultrastructural Characterization of Natively Preserved Extracellular
Matrix by Cryo-Electron Tomography. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2023, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12491.
short: B. Zens, Ultrastructural Characterization of Natively Preserved Extracellular
Matrix by Cryo-Electron Tomography, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2023.
date_created: 2023-02-02T14:50:20Z
date_published: 2023-02-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-02-08T23:30:05Z
day: '02'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: FlSc
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12491
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 069d87f025e0799bf9e3c375664264f2
content_type: application/pdf
creator: bzens
date_created: 2023-02-07T13:07:38Z
date_updated: 2024-02-08T23:30:04Z
embargo: 2024-02-07
file_id: '12527'
file_name: PhDThesis_BettinaZens_2023_final.pdf
file_size: 23082464
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 8c66ed203495d6e078ed1002a866520c
content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
creator: bzens
date_created: 2023-02-07T13:09:05Z
date_updated: 2024-02-08T23:30:04Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '12528'
file_name: PhDThesis_BettinaZens_2023_final.docx
file_size: 106169509
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2024-02-08T23:30:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- cryo-EM
- cryo-ET
- FIB milling
- method development
- FIBSEM
- extracellular matrix
- ECM
- cell-derived matrices
- CDMs
- cell culture
- high pressure freezing
- HPF
- structural biology
- tomography
- collagen
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '187'
project:
- _id: eba3b5f6-77a9-11ec-83b8-cf0905748aa3
name: Integrated visual proteomics of reciprocal cell-extracellular matrix interactions
- _id: 059B463C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
name: NÖ-Fonds Preis für die Jungforscherin des Jahres am IST Austria
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-027-5
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8586'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Florian KM
full_name: Schur, Florian KM
id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schur
orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078
title: Ultrastructural characterization of natively preserved extracellular matrix
by cryo-electron tomography
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10583'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The synthetic strigolactone (SL) analog, rac-GR24, has been instrumental in
studying the role of SLs as well as karrikins because it activates the receptors
DWARF14 (D14) and KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2) of their signaling pathways, respectively.
Treatment with rac-GR24 modifies the root architecture at different levels, such
as decreasing the lateral root density (LRD), while promoting root hair elongation
or flavonol accumulation. Previously, we have shown that the flavonol biosynthesis
is transcriptionally activated in the root by rac-GR24 treatment, but, thus far,
the molecular players involved in that response have remained unknown. To get
an in-depth insight into the changes that occur after the compound is perceived
by the roots, we compared the root transcriptomes of the wild type and the more
axillary growth2 (max2) mutant, affected in both SL and karrikin signaling pathways,
with and without rac-GR24 treatment. Quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR,
reporter line analysis and mutant phenotyping indicated that the flavonol response
and the root hair elongation are controlled by the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5)
and MYB12 transcription factors, but HY5, in contrast to MYB12, affects the LRD
as well. Furthermore, we identified the transcription factors TARGET OF MONOPTEROS
5 (TMO5) and TMO5 LIKE1 as negative and the Mediator complex as positive regulators
of the rac-GR24 effect on LRD. Altogether, hereby, we get closer toward understanding
the molecular mechanisms that underlay the rac-GR24 responses in the root.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Ralf Stracke (Bielefeld University, Bielefeld,
Germany) for providing the myb mutants and their colleagues Bert De Rybel for the
tmo5t;mo5l1 double mutant, Boris Parizot for tips on the RNA-seq analysis, Veronique
Storme for statistical help on both the RNA-seq and lateral root density, and Martine
De Cock for help in preparing the manuscript.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sylwia
full_name: Struk, Sylwia
last_name: Struk
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Braem, Lukas
last_name: Braem
- first_name: Cedrick
full_name: Matthys, Cedrick
last_name: Matthys
- first_name: Alan
full_name: Walton, Alan
last_name: Walton
- first_name: Nick
full_name: Vangheluwe, Nick
last_name: Vangheluwe
- first_name: Stan
full_name: Van Praet, Stan
last_name: Van Praet
- first_name: Lingxiang
full_name: Jiang, Lingxiang
last_name: Jiang
- first_name: Pawel
full_name: Baster, Pawel
id: 3028BD74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Baster
- first_name: Carolien
full_name: De Cuyper, Carolien
last_name: De Cuyper
- first_name: Francois-Didier
full_name: Boyer, Francois-Didier
last_name: Boyer
- first_name: Elisabeth
full_name: Stes, Elisabeth
last_name: Stes
- first_name: Tom
full_name: Beeckman, Tom
last_name: Beeckman
- first_name: Jiří
full_name: Friml, Jiří
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Kris
full_name: Gevaert, Kris
last_name: Gevaert
- first_name: Sofie
full_name: Goormachtig, Sofie
last_name: Goormachtig
citation:
ama: Struk S, Braem L, Matthys C, et al. Transcriptional analysis in the Arabidopsis
roots reveals new regulators that link rac-GR24 treatment with changes in flavonol
accumulation, root hair elongation and lateral root density. Plant & Cell
Physiology. 2022;63(1):104-119. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcab149
apa: Struk, S., Braem, L., Matthys, C., Walton, A., Vangheluwe, N., Van Praet, S.,
… Goormachtig, S. (2022). Transcriptional analysis in the Arabidopsis roots reveals
new regulators that link rac-GR24 treatment with changes in flavonol accumulation,
root hair elongation and lateral root density. Plant & Cell Physiology.
Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcab149
chicago: Struk, Sylwia, Lukas Braem, Cedrick Matthys, Alan Walton, Nick Vangheluwe,
Stan Van Praet, Lingxiang Jiang, et al. “Transcriptional Analysis in the Arabidopsis
Roots Reveals New Regulators That Link Rac-GR24 Treatment with Changes in Flavonol
Accumulation, Root Hair Elongation and Lateral Root Density.” Plant & Cell
Physiology. Oxford University Press, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcab149.
ieee: S. Struk et al., “Transcriptional analysis in the Arabidopsis roots
reveals new regulators that link rac-GR24 treatment with changes in flavonol accumulation,
root hair elongation and lateral root density,” Plant & Cell Physiology,
vol. 63, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 104–119, 2022.
ista: Struk S, Braem L, Matthys C, Walton A, Vangheluwe N, Van Praet S, Jiang L,
Baster P, De Cuyper C, Boyer F-D, Stes E, Beeckman T, Friml J, Gevaert K, Goormachtig
S. 2022. Transcriptional analysis in the Arabidopsis roots reveals new regulators
that link rac-GR24 treatment with changes in flavonol accumulation, root hair
elongation and lateral root density. Plant & Cell Physiology. 63(1), 104–119.
mla: Struk, Sylwia, et al. “Transcriptional Analysis in the Arabidopsis Roots Reveals
New Regulators That Link Rac-GR24 Treatment with Changes in Flavonol Accumulation,
Root Hair Elongation and Lateral Root Density.” Plant & Cell Physiology,
vol. 63, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2022, pp. 104–19, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcab149.
short: S. Struk, L. Braem, C. Matthys, A. Walton, N. Vangheluwe, S. Van Praet, L.
Jiang, P. Baster, C. De Cuyper, F.-D. Boyer, E. Stes, T. Beeckman, J. Friml, K.
Gevaert, S. Goormachtig, Plant & Cell Physiology 63 (2022) 104–119.
date_created: 2021-12-28T11:44:18Z
date_published: 2022-01-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-02T13:40:43Z
day: '21'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcab149
external_id:
isi:
- '000877899400009'
pmid:
- '34791413'
intvolume: ' 63'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
keyword:
- flavonols
- MAX2
- rac-Gr24
- RNA-seq
- root development
- transcriptional regulation
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcab149
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 104-119
pmid: 1
publication: Plant & Cell Physiology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1471-9053
issn:
- 0032-0781
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Transcriptional analysis in the Arabidopsis roots reveals new regulators that
link rac-GR24 treatment with changes in flavonol accumulation, root hair elongation
and lateral root density
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 63
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '6435'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Social insect colonies tend to have numerous members which function together
like a single organism in such harmony that the term ``super-organism'' is often
used. In this analogy the reproductive caste is analogous to the primordial germ\r\ncells
of a metazoan, while the sterile worker caste corresponds to somatic cells. The
worker castes, like tissues, are\r\nin charge of all functions of a living being,
besides reproduction. The establishment of new super-organismal units\r\n(i.e.
new colonies) is accomplished by the co-dependent castes. The term oftentimes
goes beyond a metaphor. We invoke it when we speak about the metabolic rate, thermoregulation,
nutrient regulation and gas exchange of a social insect colony. Furthermore, we
assert that the super-organism has an immune system, and benefits from ``social
immunity''.\r\n\r\nSocial immunity was first summoned by evolutionary biologists
to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the expected high frequency of disease
outbreak amongst numerous, closely related tightly-interacting hosts, living in
stable and microbially-rich environments, against the exceptionally scarce epidemic
accounts in natural populations. Social\r\nimmunity comprises a multi-layer assembly
of behaviours which have evolved to effectively keep the pathogenic enemies of
a colony at bay. The field of social immunity has drawn interest, as it becomes
increasingly urgent to stop\r\nthe collapse of pollinator species and curb the
growth of invasive pests. In the past decade, several mechanisms of\r\nsocial
immune responses have been dissected, but many more questions remain open.\r\n\r\nI
present my work in two experimental chapters. In the first, I use invasive garden
ants (*Lasius neglectus*) to study how pathogen load and its distribution among
nestmates affect the grooming response of the group. Any given group of ants will
carry out the same total grooming work, but will direct their grooming effort
towards individuals\r\ncarrying a relatively higher spore load. Contrary to expectation,
the highest risk of transmission does not stem from grooming highly contaminated
ants, but instead, we suggest that the grooming response likely minimizes spore
loss to the environment, reducing contamination from inadvertent pickup from the
substrate.\r\n\r\nThe second is a comparative developmental approach. I follow
black garden ant queens (*Lasius niger*) and their colonies from mating flight,
through hibernation for a year. Colonies which grow fast from the start, have
a lower chance of survival through hibernation, and those which survive grow at
a lower pace later. This is true for colonies of naive\r\nand challenged queens.
Early pathogen exposure of the queens changes colony dynamics in an unexpected
way: colonies from exposed queens are more likely to grow slowly and recover in
numbers only after they survive hibernation.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the two experimental
chapters, this thesis includes a co-authored published review on organisational\r\nimmunity,
where we enlist the experimental evidence and theoretical framework on which this
hypothesis is built,\r\nidentify the caveats and underline how the field is ripe
to overcome them. In a final chapter, I describe my part in\r\ntwo collaborative
efforts, one to develop an image-based tracker, and the second to develop a classifier
for ant\r\nbehaviour."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: LifeSc
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Barbara E
full_name: Casillas Perez, Barbara E
id: 351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Casillas Perez
citation:
ama: Casillas Perez BE. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen.
2019. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435
apa: Casillas Perez, B. E. (2019). Collective defenses of garden ants against
a fungal pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435
chicago: Casillas Perez, Barbara E. “Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against
a Fungal Pathogen.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435.
ieee: B. E. Casillas Perez, “Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal
pathogen,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
ista: Casillas Perez BE. 2019. Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal
pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Casillas Perez, Barbara E. Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a
Fungal Pathogen. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435.
short: B.E. Casillas Perez, Collective Defenses of Garden Ants against a Fungal
Pathogen, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.
date_created: 2019-05-13T08:58:35Z
date_published: 2019-05-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T12:57:04Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '570'
- '006'
- '578'
- '592'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: SyCr
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6435
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6daf2d2086111aa8fd3fbc919a3e2833
content_type: application/pdf
creator: casillas
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:16:20Z
date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
embargo: 2020-05-08
file_id: '6438'
file_name: tesisDoctoradoBC.pdf
file_size: 3895187
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 3d221aaff7559a7060230a1ff610594f
content_type: application/zip
creator: casillas
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:16:20Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:30Z
embargo_to: open_access
file_id: '6439'
file_name: tesisDoctoradoBC.zip
file_size: 7365118
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Social Immunity
- Sanitary care
- Social Insects
- Organisational Immunity
- Colony development
- Multi-target tracking
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '183'
project:
- _id: 2649B4DE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '771402'
name: Epidemics in ant societies on a chip
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '1999'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Sylvia M
full_name: Cremer, Sylvia M
id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Cremer
orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868
title: Collective defenses of garden ants against a fungal pathogen
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '12629'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Meteorological studies in high-mountain environments form the basis of our
understanding of catchment hydrology and glacier accumulation and melt processes,
yet high-altitude (>4000 m above sea level, asl) observatories are rare. This
research presents meteorological data recorded between December 2012 and November
2013 at seven stations in Nepal, ranging in elevation from 3860 to 5360 m asl.
Seasonal and diurnal cycles in air temperature, vapour pressure, incoming short-wave
and long-wave radiation, atmospheric transmissivity, wind speed, and precipitation
are compared between sites. Solar radiation strongly affects diurnal temperature
and vapour pressure cycles, but local topography and valley-scale circulations
alter wind speed and precipitation cycles. The observed diurnal variability in
vertical temperature gradients in all seasons highlights the importance of in
situ measurements for melt modelling. The monsoon signal (progressive onset and
sharp end) is visible in all data-sets, and the passage of the remnants of Typhoon
Phailin in mid-October 2013 provides an interesting case study on the possible
effects of such storms on glaciers in the region.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: J.M.
full_name: Shea, J.M.
last_name: Shea
- first_name: P.
full_name: Wagnon, P.
last_name: Wagnon
- first_name: W.W.
full_name: Immerzeel, W.W.
last_name: Immerzeel
- first_name: R.
full_name: Biron, R.
last_name: Biron
- first_name: F.
full_name: Brun, F.
last_name: Brun
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Shea JM, Wagnon P, Immerzeel WW, Biron R, Brun F, Pellicciotti F. A comparative
high-altitude meteorological analysis from three catchments in the Nepalese Himalaya.
International Journal of Water Resources Development. 2015;31(2):174-200.
doi:10.1080/07900627.2015.1020417
apa: Shea, J. M., Wagnon, P., Immerzeel, W. W., Biron, R., Brun, F., & Pellicciotti,
F. (2015). A comparative high-altitude meteorological analysis from three catchments
in the Nepalese Himalaya. International Journal of Water Resources Development.
Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1020417
chicago: Shea, J.M., P. Wagnon, W.W. Immerzeel, R. Biron, F. Brun, and Francesca
Pellicciotti. “A Comparative High-Altitude Meteorological Analysis from Three
Catchments in the Nepalese Himalaya.” International Journal of Water Resources
Development. Taylor & Francis, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1020417.
ieee: J. M. Shea, P. Wagnon, W. W. Immerzeel, R. Biron, F. Brun, and F. Pellicciotti,
“A comparative high-altitude meteorological analysis from three catchments in
the Nepalese Himalaya,” International Journal of Water Resources Development,
vol. 31, no. 2. Taylor & Francis, pp. 174–200, 2015.
ista: Shea JM, Wagnon P, Immerzeel WW, Biron R, Brun F, Pellicciotti F. 2015. A
comparative high-altitude meteorological analysis from three catchments in the
Nepalese Himalaya. International Journal of Water Resources Development. 31(2),
174–200.
mla: Shea, J. M., et al. “A Comparative High-Altitude Meteorological Analysis from
Three Catchments in the Nepalese Himalaya.” International Journal of Water
Resources Development, vol. 31, no. 2, Taylor & Francis, 2015, pp. 174–200,
doi:10.1080/07900627.2015.1020417.
short: J.M. Shea, P. Wagnon, W.W. Immerzeel, R. Biron, F. Brun, F. Pellicciotti,
International Journal of Water Resources Development 31 (2015) 174–200.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:16:17Z
date_published: 2015-04-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T09:30:42Z
day: '18'
doi: 10.1080/07900627.2015.1020417
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 31'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Water Science and Technology
- Development
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1020417
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 174-200
publication: International Journal of Water Resources Development
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1360-0648
issn:
- 0790-0627
publication_status: published
publisher: Taylor & Francis
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A comparative high-altitude meteorological analysis from three catchments in
the Nepalese Himalaya
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 31
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '12647'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Accurate quantification of the spatial distribution of precipitation in mountain
regions is crucial for assessments of water resources and for the understanding
of high-altitude hydrology, yet it is one of the largest unknowns due to the lack
of high-altitude observations. The Hunza basin in Pakistan contains very large
glacier systems, which, given the melt, cannot persist unless precipitation (snow
input) is much higher than what is observed at the meteorological stations, mostly
located in mountain valleys. Several studies, therefore, suggest strong positive
vertical precipitation lapse rates; in the present study, we quantify this lapse
rate by using glaciers as a proxy. We assume a neutral mass balance for the glaciers
for the period from 2001 to 2003, and we inversely model the precipitation lapse
by balancing the total accumulation in the catchment area and the ablation over
the glacier area for the 50 largest glacier systems in the Hunza basin in the
Karakoram. Our results reveal a vertical precipitation lapse rate that equals
0.21 ± 0.12% m−1, with a maximum precipitation at an elevation of 5500 masl. We
showed that the total annual basin precipitation (828 mm) is 260% higher than
what is estimated based on interpolated observations (319 mm); this has major
consequences for hydrological modeling and water resource assessments in general.
Our results were validated by using previously published studies on individual
glaciers as well as the water balance of the Hunza basin. The approach is more
widely applicable in mountain ranges where precipitation measurements at high
altitude are lacking.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Walter Willem
full_name: Immerzeel, Walter Willem
last_name: Immerzeel
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Arun B.
full_name: Shrestha, Arun B.
last_name: Shrestha
citation:
ama: Immerzeel WW, Pellicciotti F, Shrestha AB. Glaciers as a proxy to quantify
the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Hunza basin. Mountain Research
and Development. 2012;32(1):30-38. doi:10.1659/mrd-journal-d-11-00097.1
apa: Immerzeel, W. W., Pellicciotti, F., & Shrestha, A. B. (2012). Glaciers
as a proxy to quantify the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Hunza
basin. Mountain Research and Development. International Mountain Society.
https://doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-11-00097.1
chicago: Immerzeel, Walter Willem, Francesca Pellicciotti, and Arun B. Shrestha.
“Glaciers as a Proxy to Quantify the Spatial Distribution of Precipitation in
the Hunza Basin.” Mountain Research and Development. International Mountain
Society, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-11-00097.1.
ieee: W. W. Immerzeel, F. Pellicciotti, and A. B. Shrestha, “Glaciers as a proxy
to quantify the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Hunza basin,” Mountain
Research and Development, vol. 32, no. 1. International Mountain Society,
pp. 30–38, 2012.
ista: Immerzeel WW, Pellicciotti F, Shrestha AB. 2012. Glaciers as a proxy to quantify
the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Hunza basin. Mountain Research
and Development. 32(1), 30–38.
mla: Immerzeel, Walter Willem, et al. “Glaciers as a Proxy to Quantify the Spatial
Distribution of Precipitation in the Hunza Basin.” Mountain Research and Development,
vol. 32, no. 1, International Mountain Society, 2012, pp. 30–38, doi:10.1659/mrd-journal-d-11-00097.1.
short: W.W. Immerzeel, F. Pellicciotti, A.B. Shrestha, Mountain Research and Development
32 (2012) 30–38.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:17:52Z
date_published: 2012-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-21T08:56:29Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1659/mrd-journal-d-11-00097.1
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 32'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- General Environmental Science
- Development
- Environmental Chemistry
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-11-00097.1
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 30-38
publication: Mountain Research and Development
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1994-7151
issn:
- 0276-4741
publication_status: published
publisher: International Mountain Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Glaciers as a proxy to quantify the spatial distribution of precipitation in
the Hunza basin
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 32
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '12200'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Key steps in the evolution of the angiosperm anther include the patterning
of the concentrically organized microsporangium and the incorporation of four
such microsporangia into a leaf-like structure. Mutant studies in the model plant
Arabidopsis thaliana are leading to an increasingly accurate picture of (i) the
cell lineages culminating in the different cell types present in the microsporangium
(the microsporocytes, the tapetum, and the middle and endothecial layers), and
(ii) some of the genes responsible for specifying their fates. However, the processes
that confer polarity on the developing anther and position the microsporangia
within it remain unclear. Certainly, data from a range of experimental strategies
suggest that hormones play a central role in establishing polarity and the patterning
of the anther initial, and may be responsible for locating the microsporangia.
But the fact that microsporangia were originally positioned externally suggests
that their development is likely to be autonomous, perhaps with the reproductive
cells generating signals controlling the growth and division of the investing
anther epidermis. These possibilities are discussed in the context of the expression
of genes which initiate and maintain male and female reproductive development,
and in the perspective of our current views of anther evolution.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xiaoqi
full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
last_name: Feng
orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
- first_name: Hugh G.
full_name: Dickinson, Hugh G.
last_name: Dickinson
citation:
ama: Feng X, Dickinson HG. Cell–cell interactions during patterning of the Arabidopsis
anther. Biochemical Society Transactions. 2010;38(2):571-576. doi:10.1042/bst0380571
apa: Feng, X., & Dickinson, H. G. (2010). Cell–cell interactions during patterning
of the Arabidopsis anther. Biochemical Society Transactions. Portland
Press Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571
chicago: Feng, Xiaoqi, and Hugh G. Dickinson. “Cell–Cell Interactions during Patterning
of the Arabidopsis Anther.” Biochemical Society Transactions. Portland
Press Ltd., 2010. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571.
ieee: X. Feng and H. G. Dickinson, “Cell–cell interactions during patterning of
the Arabidopsis anther,” Biochemical Society Transactions, vol.
38, no. 2. Portland Press Ltd., pp. 571–576, 2010.
ista: Feng X, Dickinson HG. 2010. Cell–cell interactions during patterning of the
Arabidopsis anther. Biochemical Society Transactions. 38(2), 571–576.
mla: Feng, Xiaoqi, and Hugh G. Dickinson. “Cell–Cell Interactions during Patterning
of the Arabidopsis Anther.” Biochemical Society Transactions, vol.
38, no. 2, Portland Press Ltd., 2010, pp. 571–76, doi:10.1042/bst0380571.
short: X. Feng, H.G. Dickinson, Biochemical Society Transactions 38 (2010) 571–576.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:22:18Z
date_published: 2010-03-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-08T10:57:59Z
day: '22'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.1042/bst0380571
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '20298223'
intvolume: ' 38'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Biochemistry
- Anther Development
- Arabidopsis
- Cell Fate
- Microsporangium
- Polarity
- Receptor Kinase
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 571-576
pmid: 1
publication: Biochemical Society Transactions
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0300-5127
- 1470-8752
publication_status: published
publisher: Portland Press Ltd.
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Cell–cell interactions during patterning of the Arabidopsis anther
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 38
year: '2010'
...