---
_id: '12007'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The Tibetan plateau (TP) plays an important role in the Asian summer monsoon
(ASM) dynamics as a heat source during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. A
significant contribution to the pre-monsoon TP heating comes from the sensible
heat flux (SHF), which depend on the surface properties. A glaciated surface would
have a different SHF compared to a non-glaciated surface. Therefore, the TP glaciers
potentially can also impact the hydrological cycle in the Asian continent by impacting
the ASM rainfall via its contribution to the total plateau heating. However, there
is no assessment of this putative link available. Here, we attempt to qualitatively
study the role of TP glaciers on ASM by analyzing the sensitivity of an atmospheric
model to the absence of TP glaciers. We find that the absence of the glaciers
is most felt in climatologically less snowy regions (which are mostly located
at the south-central boundary of the TP during the pre-monsoon season), which
leads to positive SHF anomalies. The resulting positive diabatic heating leads
to rising air in the eastern TP and sinking air in the western TP. This altered
circulation in turn leads to a positive SHF memory in the western TP, which persists
until the end of the monsoon season. The impact of SHF anomalies on diabatic heating
results in a large-scale subsidence over the ASM domain. The net result is a reduced
seasonal ASM rainfall. Given the relentless warming and the vulnerability of glaciers
to warming, this is another flag in the ASM variability and change that needs
further attention.
acknowledgement: This research is funded by the IRCC research funding.
article_number: '29'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: BIDYUT B
full_name: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B
id: 3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b
last_name: GOSWAMI
- first_name: Soon-Il
full_name: An, Soon-Il
last_name: An
- first_name: Raghu
full_name: Murtugudde, Raghu
last_name: Murtugudde
citation:
ama: GOSWAMI BB, An S-I, Murtugudde R. Role of the Tibetan plateau glaciers in the
Asian summer monsoon. Climatic Change. 2022;173(3-4). doi:10.1007/s10584-022-03426-8
apa: GOSWAMI, B. B., An, S.-I., & Murtugudde, R. (2022). Role of the Tibetan
plateau glaciers in the Asian summer monsoon. Climatic Change. Springer
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-022-03426-8
chicago: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B, Soon-Il An, and Raghu Murtugudde. “Role of the Tibetan
Plateau Glaciers in the Asian Summer Monsoon.” Climatic Change. Springer
Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-022-03426-8.
ieee: B. B. GOSWAMI, S.-I. An, and R. Murtugudde, “Role of the Tibetan plateau glaciers
in the Asian summer monsoon,” Climatic Change, vol. 173, no. 3–4. Springer
Nature, 2022.
ista: GOSWAMI BB, An S-I, Murtugudde R. 2022. Role of the Tibetan plateau glaciers
in the Asian summer monsoon. Climatic Change. 173(3–4), 29.
mla: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B., et al. “Role of the Tibetan Plateau Glaciers in the Asian
Summer Monsoon.” Climatic Change, vol. 173, no. 3–4, 29, Springer Nature,
2022, doi:10.1007/s10584-022-03426-8.
short: B.B. GOSWAMI, S.-I. An, R. Murtugudde, Climatic Change 173 (2022).
date_created: 2022-09-03T07:24:13Z
date_published: 2022-08-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-09-05T08:33:33Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1007/s10584-022-03426-8
extern: '1'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 38071d5c142bb76f8c8665dc374838a8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2022-09-05T08:29:27Z
date_updated: 2022-09-05T08:29:27Z
file_id: '12021'
file_name: 2022_ClimateChange_Goswami.pdf
file_size: 1350575
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-09-05T08:29:27Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 173'
issue: 3-4
keyword:
- Atmospheric Science
- Global and Planetary Change
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Climatic Change
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0165-0009
- 1573-1480
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Role of the Tibetan plateau glaciers in the Asian summer monsoon
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 173
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12583'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Peruvian glaciers are important contributors to dry season runoff for agriculture
and hydropower, but they are at risk of disappearing due to climate change. We
applied a physically based, energy balance melt model at five on-glacier sites
within the Peruvian Cordilleras Blanca and Vilcanota. Net shortwave radiation
dominates the energy balance, and despite this flux being higher in the dry season,
melt rates are lower due to losses from net longwave radiation and the latent
heat flux. The sensible heat flux is a relatively small contributor to melt energy.
At three of the sites the wet season snowpack was discontinuous, forming and melting
within a daily to weekly timescale, and resulting in highly variable melt rates
closely related to precipitation dynamics. Cold air temperatures due to a strong
La Niña year at Shallap Glacier (Cordillera Blanca) resulted in a continuous wet
season snowpack, significantly reducing wet season ablation. Sublimation was most
important at the highest site in the accumulation zone of the Quelccaya Ice Cap
(Cordillera Vilcanota), accounting for 81% of ablation, compared to 2%–4% for
the other sites. Air temperature and precipitation inputs were perturbed to investigate
the climate sensitivity of the five glaciers. At the lower sites warmer air temperatures
resulted in a switch from snowfall to rain, so that ablation was increased via
the decrease in albedo and increase in net shortwave radiation. At the top of
Quelccaya Ice Cap warming caused melting to replace sublimation so that ablation
increased nonlinearly with air temperature.
article_number: e2021JD034911
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Catriona L.
full_name: Fyffe, Catriona L.
last_name: Fyffe
- first_name: Emily
full_name: Potter, Emily
last_name: Potter
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Fugger, Stefan
last_name: Fugger
- first_name: Andrew
full_name: Orr, Andrew
last_name: Orr
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Edwin
full_name: Loarte, Edwin
last_name: Loarte
- first_name: Katy
full_name: Medina, Katy
last_name: Medina
- first_name: Robert Å.
full_name: Hellström, Robert Å.
last_name: Hellström
- first_name: Maud
full_name: Bernat, Maud
last_name: Bernat
- first_name: Caroline
full_name: Aubry‐Wake, Caroline
last_name: Aubry‐Wake
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Gurgiser, Wolfgang
last_name: Gurgiser
- first_name: L. Baker
full_name: Perry, L. Baker
last_name: Perry
- first_name: Wilson
full_name: Suarez, Wilson
last_name: Suarez
- first_name: Duncan J.
full_name: Quincey, Duncan J.
last_name: Quincey
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: 'Fyffe CL, Potter E, Fugger S, et al. The energy and mass balance of Peruvian
Glaciers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021;126(23). doi:10.1029/2021jd034911'
apa: 'Fyffe, C. L., Potter, E., Fugger, S., Orr, A., Fatichi, S., Loarte, E., …
Pellicciotti, F. (2021). The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jd034911'
chicago: 'Fyffe, Catriona L., Emily Potter, Stefan Fugger, Andrew Orr, Simone Fatichi,
Edwin Loarte, Katy Medina, et al. “The Energy and Mass Balance of Peruvian Glaciers.”
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union,
2021. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jd034911.'
ieee: 'C. L. Fyffe et al., “The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers,”
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 126, no. 23. American
Geophysical Union, 2021.'
ista: 'Fyffe CL, Potter E, Fugger S, Orr A, Fatichi S, Loarte E, Medina K, Hellström
RÅ, Bernat M, Aubry‐Wake C, Gurgiser W, Perry LB, Suarez W, Quincey DJ, Pellicciotti
F. 2021. The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers. Journal of Geophysical
Research: Atmospheres. 126(23), e2021JD034911.'
mla: 'Fyffe, Catriona L., et al. “The Energy and Mass Balance of Peruvian Glaciers.”
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 126, no. 23, e2021JD034911,
American Geophysical Union, 2021, doi:10.1029/2021jd034911.'
short: 'C.L. Fyffe, E. Potter, S. Fugger, A. Orr, S. Fatichi, E. Loarte, K. Medina,
R.Å. Hellström, M. Bernat, C. Aubry‐Wake, W. Gurgiser, L.B. Perry, W. Suarez,
D.J. Quincey, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126
(2021).'
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:43Z
date_published: 2021-12-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:31:08Z
day: '16'
doi: 10.1029/2021jd034911
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 126'
issue: '23'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Atmospheric Science
- Geophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD034911
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres'
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2169-8996
issn:
- 2169-897X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The energy and mass balance of Peruvian Glaciers
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 126
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9129'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigate the role of a warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly (hot
spot of typically 3 to 5 K) on the aggregation of convection using cloud-resolving
simulations in a nonrotating framework. It is well known that SST gradients can
spatially organize convection. Even with uniform SST, the spontaneous self-aggregation
of convection is possible above a critical SST (here 295 K), arising mainly from
radiative feedbacks. We investigate how a circular hot spot helps organize convection,
and how self-aggregation feedbacks modulate this organization. The hot spot significantly
accelerates aggregation, particularly for warmer/larger hot spots, and extends
the range of SSTs for which aggregation occurs; however, at cold SST (290 K) the
aggregated cluster disaggregates if we remove the hot spot. A large convective
instability over the hot spot leads to stronger convection and generates a large-scale
circulation which forces the subsidence drying outside the hot spot. Indeed, convection
over the hot spot brings the atmosphere toward a warmer temperature. The warmer
temperatures are imprinted over the whole domain by gravity waves and subsidence
warming. The initial transient warming and concomitant subsidence drying suppress
convection outside the hot spot, thus driving the aggregation. The hot-spot-induced
large-scale circulation can enforce the aggregation even without radiative feedbacks
for hot spots sufficiently large/warm. The strength of the large-scale circulation,
which defines the speed of aggregation, is a function of the hot spot fractional
area. At equilibrium, once the aggregation is well established, the moist convective
region with upward midtropospheric motion, centered over the hot spot, has an
area surprisingly independent of the hot spot size.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sara
full_name: Shamekh, Sara
last_name: Shamekh
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: Jean-Philippe
full_name: Duvel, Jean-Philippe
last_name: Duvel
- first_name: Fabio
full_name: D’Andrea, Fabio
last_name: D’Andrea
citation:
ama: Shamekh S, Muller CJ, Duvel J-P, D’Andrea F. How do ocean warm anomalies favor
the aggregation of deep convective clouds? Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences.
2020;77(11):3733-3745. doi:10.1175/jas-d-18-0369.1
apa: Shamekh, S., Muller, C. J., Duvel, J.-P., & D’Andrea, F. (2020). How do
ocean warm anomalies favor the aggregation of deep convective clouds? Journal
of the Atmospheric Sciences. American Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0369.1
chicago: Shamekh, Sara, Caroline J Muller, Jean-Philippe Duvel, and Fabio D’Andrea.
“How Do Ocean Warm Anomalies Favor the Aggregation of Deep Convective Clouds?”
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. American Meteorological Society, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0369.1.
ieee: S. Shamekh, C. J. Muller, J.-P. Duvel, and F. D’Andrea, “How do ocean warm
anomalies favor the aggregation of deep convective clouds?,” Journal of the
Atmospheric Sciences, vol. 77, no. 11. American Meteorological Society, pp.
3733–3745, 2020.
ista: Shamekh S, Muller CJ, Duvel J-P, D’Andrea F. 2020. How do ocean warm anomalies
favor the aggregation of deep convective clouds? Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences.
77(11), 3733–3745.
mla: Shamekh, Sara, et al. “How Do Ocean Warm Anomalies Favor the Aggregation of
Deep Convective Clouds?” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol. 77,
no. 11, American Meteorological Society, 2020, pp. 3733–45, doi:10.1175/jas-d-18-0369.1.
short: S. Shamekh, C.J. Muller, J.-P. Duvel, F. D’Andrea, Journal of the Atmospheric
Sciences 77 (2020) 3733–3745.
date_created: 2021-02-15T14:07:30Z
date_published: 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-24T12:30:26Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1175/jas-d-18-0369.1
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 77'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- Atmospheric Science
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 3733-3745
publication: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0022-4928
- 1520-0469
publication_status: published
publisher: American Meteorological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: How do ocean warm anomalies favor the aggregation of deep convective clouds?
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 77
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '9136'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this study we investigate the scaling of precipitation extremes with temperature
in the Mediterranean region by assessing against observations the present day
and future regional climate simulations performed in the frame of the HyMeX and
MED-CORDEX programs. Over the 1979–2008 period, despite differences in quantitative
precipitation simulation across the various models, the change in precipitation
extremes with respect to temperature is robust and consistent. The spatial variability
of the temperature–precipitation extremes relationship displays a hook shape across
the Mediterranean, with negative slope at high temperatures and a slope following
Clausius–Clapeyron (CC)-scaling at low temperatures. The temperature at which
the slope of the temperature–precipitation extreme relation sharply changes (or
temperature break), ranges from about 20 °C in the western Mediterranean to <10
°C in Greece. In addition, this slope is always negative in the arid regions of
the Mediterranean. The scaling of the simulated precipitation extremes is insensitive
to ocean–atmosphere coupling, while it depends very weakly on the resolution at
high temperatures for short precipitation accumulation times. In future climate
scenario simulations covering the 2070–2100 period, the temperature break shifts
to higher temperatures by a value which is on average the mean regional temperature
change due to global warming. The slope of the simulated future temperature–precipitation
extremes relationship is close to CC-scaling at temperatures below the temperature
break, while at high temperatures, the negative slope is close, but somewhat flatter
or steeper, than in the current climate depending on the model. Overall, models
predict more intense precipitation extremes in the future. Adjusting the temperature–precipitation
extremes relationship in the present climate using the CC law and the temperature
shift in the future allows the recovery of the temperature–precipitation extremes
relationship in the future climate. This implies negligible regional changes of
relative humidity in the future despite the large warming and drying over the
Mediterranean. This suggests that the Mediterranean Sea is the primary source
of moisture which counteracts the drying and warming impacts on relative humidity
in parts of the Mediterranean region.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Philippe
full_name: Drobinski, Philippe
last_name: Drobinski
- first_name: Nicolas Da
full_name: Silva, Nicolas Da
last_name: Silva
- first_name: Gérémy
full_name: Panthou, Gérémy
last_name: Panthou
- first_name: Sophie
full_name: Bastin, Sophie
last_name: Bastin
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: Bodo
full_name: Ahrens, Bodo
last_name: Ahrens
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Borga, Marco
last_name: Borga
- first_name: Dario
full_name: Conte, Dario
last_name: Conte
- first_name: Giorgia
full_name: Fosser, Giorgia
last_name: Fosser
- first_name: Filippo
full_name: Giorgi, Filippo
last_name: Giorgi
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Güttler, Ivan
last_name: Güttler
- first_name: Vassiliki
full_name: Kotroni, Vassiliki
last_name: Kotroni
- first_name: Laurent
full_name: Li, Laurent
last_name: Li
- first_name: Efrat
full_name: Morin, Efrat
last_name: Morin
- first_name: Bariş
full_name: Önol, Bariş
last_name: Önol
- first_name: Pere
full_name: Quintana-Segui, Pere
last_name: Quintana-Segui
- first_name: Raquel
full_name: Romera, Raquel
last_name: Romera
- first_name: Csaba Zsolt
full_name: Torma, Csaba Zsolt
last_name: Torma
citation:
ama: 'Drobinski P, Silva ND, Panthou G, et al. Scaling precipitation extremes with
temperature in the Mediterranean: Past climate assessment and projection in anthropogenic
scenarios. Climate Dynamics. 2018;51(3):1237-1257. doi:10.1007/s00382-016-3083-x'
apa: 'Drobinski, P., Silva, N. D., Panthou, G., Bastin, S., Muller, C. J., Ahrens,
B., … Torma, C. Z. (2018). Scaling precipitation extremes with temperature in
the Mediterranean: Past climate assessment and projection in anthropogenic scenarios.
Climate Dynamics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3083-x'
chicago: 'Drobinski, Philippe, Nicolas Da Silva, Gérémy Panthou, Sophie Bastin,
Caroline J Muller, Bodo Ahrens, Marco Borga, et al. “Scaling Precipitation Extremes
with Temperature in the Mediterranean: Past Climate Assessment and Projection
in Anthropogenic Scenarios.” Climate Dynamics. Springer Nature, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3083-x.'
ieee: 'P. Drobinski et al., “Scaling precipitation extremes with temperature
in the Mediterranean: Past climate assessment and projection in anthropogenic
scenarios,” Climate Dynamics, vol. 51, no. 3. Springer Nature, pp. 1237–1257,
2018.'
ista: 'Drobinski P, Silva ND, Panthou G, Bastin S, Muller CJ, Ahrens B, Borga M,
Conte D, Fosser G, Giorgi F, Güttler I, Kotroni V, Li L, Morin E, Önol B, Quintana-Segui
P, Romera R, Torma CZ. 2018. Scaling precipitation extremes with temperature in
the Mediterranean: Past climate assessment and projection in anthropogenic scenarios.
Climate Dynamics. 51(3), 1237–1257.'
mla: 'Drobinski, Philippe, et al. “Scaling Precipitation Extremes with Temperature
in the Mediterranean: Past Climate Assessment and Projection in Anthropogenic
Scenarios.” Climate Dynamics, vol. 51, no. 3, Springer Nature, 2018, pp.
1237–57, doi:10.1007/s00382-016-3083-x.'
short: P. Drobinski, N.D. Silva, G. Panthou, S. Bastin, C.J. Muller, B. Ahrens,
M. Borga, D. Conte, G. Fosser, F. Giorgi, I. Güttler, V. Kotroni, L. Li, E. Morin,
B. Önol, P. Quintana-Segui, R. Romera, C.Z. Torma, Climate Dynamics 51 (2018)
1237–1257.
date_created: 2021-02-15T14:18:53Z
date_published: 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-24T12:40:40Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/s00382-016-3083-x
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 51'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Atmospheric Science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3083-x
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1237-1257
publication: Climate Dynamics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0930-7575
- 1432-0894
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Scaling precipitation extremes with temperature in the Mediterranean: Past
climate assessment and projection in anthropogenic scenarios'
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 51
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '12631'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Air temperature is one of the most relevant input variables for snow and ice
melt calculations. However, local meteorological conditions, complex topography,
and logistical concerns in glacierized regions make the measuring and modeling
of air temperature a difficult task. In this study, we investigate the spatial
distribution of 2 m air temperature over mountain glaciers and propose a modification
to an existing model to improve its representation. Spatially distributed meteorological
data from Haut Glacier d'Arolla (Switzerland), Place (Canada), and Juncal Norte
(Chile) Glaciers are used to examine approximate flow line temperatures during
their respective ablation seasons. During warm conditions (off-glacier temperatures
well above 0°C), observed air temperatures in the upper reaches of Place Glacier
and Haut Glacier d'Arolla decrease down glacier along the approximate flow line.
At Juncal Norte and Haut Glacier d'Arolla, an increase in air temperature is observed
over the glacier tongue. While the temperature behavior over the upper part can
be explained by the cooling effect of the glacier surface, the temperature increase
over the glacier tongue may be caused by several processes induced by the surrounding
warm atmosphere. In order to capture the latter effect, we add an additional term
to the Greuell and Böhm (GB) thermodynamic glacier wind model. For high off-glacier
temperatures, the modified GB model reduces root-mean-square error up to 32% and
provides a new approach for distributing air temperature over mountain glaciers
as a function of off-glacier temperatures and approximate glacier flow lines.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: A.
full_name: Ayala, A.
last_name: Ayala
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: J. M.
full_name: Shea, J. M.
last_name: Shea
citation:
ama: 'Ayala A, Pellicciotti F, Shea JM. Modeling 2 m air temperatures over mountain
glaciers: Exploring the influence of katabatic cooling and external warming. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2015;120(8):3139-3157. doi:10.1002/2015jd023137'
apa: 'Ayala, A., Pellicciotti, F., & Shea, J. M. (2015). Modeling 2 m air temperatures
over mountain glaciers: Exploring the influence of katabatic cooling and external
warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical
Union. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023137'
chicago: 'Ayala, A., Francesca Pellicciotti, and J. M. Shea. “Modeling 2 m Air Temperatures
over Mountain Glaciers: Exploring the Influence of Katabatic Cooling and External
Warming.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical
Union, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023137.'
ieee: 'A. Ayala, F. Pellicciotti, and J. M. Shea, “Modeling 2 m air temperatures
over mountain glaciers: Exploring the influence of katabatic cooling and external
warming,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 120, no. 8.
American Geophysical Union, pp. 3139–3157, 2015.'
ista: 'Ayala A, Pellicciotti F, Shea JM. 2015. Modeling 2 m air temperatures over
mountain glaciers: Exploring the influence of katabatic cooling and external warming.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 120(8), 3139–3157.'
mla: 'Ayala, A., et al. “Modeling 2 m Air Temperatures over Mountain Glaciers: Exploring
the Influence of Katabatic Cooling and External Warming.” Journal of Geophysical
Research: Atmospheres, vol. 120, no. 8, American Geophysical Union, 2015,
pp. 3139–57, doi:10.1002/2015jd023137.'
short: 'A. Ayala, F. Pellicciotti, J.M. Shea, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
120 (2015) 3139–3157.'
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:16:28Z
date_published: 2015-04-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T09:16:26Z
day: '18'
doi: 10.1002/2015jd023137
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 120'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Atmospheric Science
- Geophysics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3139-3157
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres'
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2169-8996
issn:
- 2169-897X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Modeling 2 m air temperatures over mountain glaciers: Exploring the influence
of katabatic cooling and external warming'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 120
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '9154'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In this study the response of tropical precipitation extremes to warming
in organized convection is examined using a cloud-resolving model. Vertical shear
is imposed to organize the convection into squall lines. Earlier studies show
that in disorganized convection, the fractional increase of precipitation extremes
is similar to that of surface water vapor, which is substantially smaller than
the increase in column water vapor. It has been suggested that organized convection
could lead to stronger amplifications.\r\nRegardless of the strength of the shear,
amplifications of precipitation extremes in the cloud-resolving simulations are
comparable to those of surface water vapor and are substantially less than increases
in column water vapor. The results without shear and with critical shear, for
which the squall lines are perpendicular to the shear, are surprisingly similar
with a fractional rate of increase of precipitation extremes slightly smaller
than that of surface water vapor. Interestingly, the dependence on shear is nonmonotonic,
and stronger supercritical shear yields larger rates, close to or slightly larger
than surface humidity.\r\nA scaling is used to evaluate the thermodynamic and
dynamic contributions to precipitation extreme changes. To first order, they are
dominated by the thermodynamic component, which has the same magnitude for all
shears, close to the change in surface water vapor. The dynamic contribution plays
a secondary role and tends to weaken extremes without shear and with critical
shear, while it strengthens extremes with supercritical shear. These different
dynamic contributions for different shears are due to different responses of convective
mass fluxes in individual updrafts to warming."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
citation:
ama: Muller CJ. Impact of convective organization on the response of tropical precipitation
extremes to warming. Journal of Climate. 2013;26(14):5028-5043. doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00655.1
apa: Muller, C. J. (2013). Impact of convective organization on the response of
tropical precipitation extremes to warming. Journal of Climate. American
Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00655.1
chicago: Muller, Caroline J. “Impact of Convective Organization on the Response
of Tropical Precipitation Extremes to Warming.” Journal of Climate. American
Meteorological Society, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00655.1.
ieee: C. J. Muller, “Impact of convective organization on the response of tropical
precipitation extremes to warming,” Journal of Climate, vol. 26, no. 14.
American Meteorological Society, pp. 5028–5043, 2013.
ista: Muller CJ. 2013. Impact of convective organization on the response of tropical
precipitation extremes to warming. Journal of Climate. 26(14), 5028–5043.
mla: Muller, Caroline J. “Impact of Convective Organization on the Response of Tropical
Precipitation Extremes to Warming.” Journal of Climate, vol. 26, no. 14,
American Meteorological Society, 2013, pp. 5028–43, doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00655.1.
short: C.J. Muller, Journal of Climate 26 (2013) 5028–5043.
date_created: 2021-02-15T15:26:39Z
date_published: 2013-07-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-24T13:46:41Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00655.1
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 26'
issue: '14'
keyword:
- Atmospheric Science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00655.1
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 5028-5043
publication: Journal of Climate
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0894-8755
- 1520-0442
publication_status: published
publisher: American Meteorological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Impact of convective organization on the response of tropical precipitation
extremes to warming
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 26
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '12643'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Parameterizations of incoming longwave radiation are increasingly receiving
attention for both low and high elevation glacierized sites. In this paper, we
test 13 clear-sky parameterizations combined with seven cloud corrections for
all-sky atmospheric emissivity at one location on Haut Glacier d'Arolla. We also
analyze the four seasons separately and conduct a cross-validation to test the
parameters’ robustness. The best parameterization is the one by Dilley and O'Brien,
B for clear-sky conditions combined with Unsworth and Monteith cloud correction.
This model is also the most robust when tested in cross-validation. When validated
at different sites in the southern Alps of Switzerland and north-western Italian
Alps, all parameterizations show a substantial decrease in performance, except
for one site, thus suggesting that it is important to recalibrate parameterizations
of incoming longwave radiation for different locations. We argue that this is
due to differences in the structure of the atmosphere at the sites. We also quantify
the effect that the incoming longwave radiation parameterizations have on energy-balance
melt modeling, and show that recalibration of model parameters is needed. Using
parameters from other sites leads to a significant underestimation of melt and
to an error that is larger than that associated with using different parameterizations.
Once recalibrated, however, the parameters of most models seem to be stable over
seasons and years at the location on Haut Glacier d'Arolla.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: I.
full_name: Juszak, I.
last_name: Juszak
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: 'Juszak I, Pellicciotti F. A comparison of parameterizations of incoming longwave
radiation over melting glaciers: Model robustness and seasonal variability. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2013;118(8):3066-3084. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50277'
apa: 'Juszak, I., & Pellicciotti, F. (2013). A comparison of parameterizations
of incoming longwave radiation over melting glaciers: Model robustness and seasonal
variability. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical
Union. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50277'
chicago: 'Juszak, I., and Francesca Pellicciotti. “A Comparison of Parameterizations
of Incoming Longwave Radiation over Melting Glaciers: Model Robustness and Seasonal
Variability.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical
Union, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50277.'
ieee: 'I. Juszak and F. Pellicciotti, “A comparison of parameterizations of incoming
longwave radiation over melting glaciers: Model robustness and seasonal variability,”
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 118, no. 8. American
Geophysical Union, pp. 3066–3084, 2013.'
ista: 'Juszak I, Pellicciotti F. 2013. A comparison of parameterizations of incoming
longwave radiation over melting glaciers: Model robustness and seasonal variability.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 118(8), 3066–3084.'
mla: 'Juszak, I., and Francesca Pellicciotti. “A Comparison of Parameterizations
of Incoming Longwave Radiation over Melting Glaciers: Model Robustness and Seasonal
Variability.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 118, no.
8, American Geophysical Union, 2013, pp. 3066–84, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50277.'
short: 'I. Juszak, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
118 (2013) 3066–3084.'
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:17:34Z
date_published: 2013-04-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-21T10:10:46Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50277
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 118'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Atmospheric Science
- Geophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50277
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3066-3084
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2169-897X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'A comparison of parameterizations of incoming longwave radiation over melting
glaciers: Model robustness and seasonal variability'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 118
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '9142'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In models of radiative–convective equilibrium it is known that convection
can spontaneously aggregate into one single localized moist region if the domain
is large enough. The large changes in the mean climate state and radiative fluxes
accompanying this self-aggregation raise questions as to what simulations at lower
resolutions with parameterized convection, in similar homogeneous geometries,
should be expected to produce to be considered successful in mimicking a cloud-resolving
model.\r\nThe authors investigate this self-aggregation in a nonrotating, three-dimensional
cloud-resolving model on a square domain without large-scale forcing. It is found
that self-aggregation is sensitive not only to the domain size, but also to the
horizontal resolution. With horizontally homogeneous initial conditions, convective
aggregation only occurs on domains larger than about 200km and with resolutions
coarser than about 2km in the model examined. The system exhibits hysteresis,
so that with aggregated initial conditions, convection remains aggregated even
at our finest resolution, 500m, as long as the domain is greater than 200–300km.\r\nThe
sensitivity of self-aggregation to resolution and domain size in this model is
due to the sensitivity of the distribution of low clouds to these two parameters.
Indeed, the mechanism responsible for the aggregation of convection is the dynamical
response to the longwave radiative cooling from low clouds. Strong longwave cooling
near cloud top in dry regions forces downward motion, which by continuity generates
inflow near cloud top and near-surface outflow from dry regions. This circulation
results in the net export of moist static energy from regions with low moist static
energy, yielding a positive feedback."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: Isaac M.
full_name: Held, Isaac M.
last_name: Held
citation:
ama: Muller CJ, Held IM. Detailed investigation of the self-aggregation of convection
in cloud-resolving simulations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 2012;69(8):2551-2565.
doi:10.1175/jas-d-11-0257.1
apa: Muller, C. J., & Held, I. M. (2012). Detailed investigation of the self-aggregation
of convection in cloud-resolving simulations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences.
American Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0257.1
chicago: Muller, Caroline J, and Isaac M. Held. “Detailed Investigation of the Self-Aggregation
of Convection in Cloud-Resolving Simulations.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences.
American Meteorological Society, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0257.1.
ieee: C. J. Muller and I. M. Held, “Detailed investigation of the self-aggregation
of convection in cloud-resolving simulations,” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
vol. 69, no. 8. American Meteorological Society, pp. 2551–2565, 2012.
ista: Muller CJ, Held IM. 2012. Detailed investigation of the self-aggregation of
convection in cloud-resolving simulations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences.
69(8), 2551–2565.
mla: Muller, Caroline J., and Isaac M. Held. “Detailed Investigation of the Self-Aggregation
of Convection in Cloud-Resolving Simulations.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
vol. 69, no. 8, American Meteorological Society, 2012, pp. 2551–65, doi:10.1175/jas-d-11-0257.1.
short: C.J. Muller, I.M. Held, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69 (2012) 2551–2565.
date_created: 2021-02-15T14:39:03Z
date_published: 2012-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-24T13:49:41Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1175/jas-d-11-0257.1
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 69'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Atmospheric Science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-11-0257.1
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2551-2565
publication: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0022-4928
- 1520-0469
publication_status: published
publisher: American Meteorological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Detailed investigation of the self-aggregation of convection in cloud-resolving
simulations
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 69
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '12648'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Distributed glacier melt models generally assume that the glacier surface
consists of bare exposed ice and snow. In reality, many glaciers are wholly or
partially covered in layers of debris that tend to suppress ablation rates. In
this paper, an existing physically based point model for the ablation of debris-covered
ice is incorporated in a distributed melt model and applied to Haut Glacier d'Arolla,
Switzerland, which has three large patches of debris cover on its surface. The
model is based on a 10 m resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the area;
each glacier pixel in the DEM is defined as either bare or debris-covered ice,
and may be covered in snow that must be melted off before ice ablation is assumed
to occur. Each debris-covered pixel is assigned a debris thickness value using
probability distributions based on over 1000 manual thickness measurements. Locally
observed meteorological data are used to run energy balance calculations in every
pixel, using an approach suitable for snow, bare ice or debris-covered ice as
appropriate. The use of the debris model significantly reduces the total ablation
in the debris-covered areas, however the precise reduction is sensitive to the
temperature extrapolation used in the model distribution because air near the
debris surface tends to be slightly warmer than over bare ice. Overall results
suggest that the debris patches, which cover 10% of the glacierized area, reduce
total runoff from the glacierized part of the basin by up to 7%.
article_number: D18105
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: T. D.
full_name: Reid, T. D.
last_name: Reid
- first_name: M.
full_name: Carenzo, M.
last_name: Carenzo
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: B. W.
full_name: Brock, B. W.
last_name: Brock
citation:
ama: 'Reid TD, Carenzo M, Pellicciotti F, Brock BW. Including debris cover effects
in a distributed model of glacier ablation. Journal of Geophysical Research:
Atmospheres. 2012;117(D18). doi:10.1029/2012jd017795'
apa: 'Reid, T. D., Carenzo, M., Pellicciotti, F., & Brock, B. W. (2012). Including
debris cover effects in a distributed model of glacier ablation. Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jd017795'
chicago: 'Reid, T. D., M. Carenzo, Francesca Pellicciotti, and B. W. Brock. “Including
Debris Cover Effects in a Distributed Model of Glacier Ablation.” Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jd017795.'
ieee: 'T. D. Reid, M. Carenzo, F. Pellicciotti, and B. W. Brock, “Including debris
cover effects in a distributed model of glacier ablation,” Journal of Geophysical
Research: Atmospheres, vol. 117, no. D18. American Geophysical Union, 2012.'
ista: 'Reid TD, Carenzo M, Pellicciotti F, Brock BW. 2012. Including debris cover
effects in a distributed model of glacier ablation. Journal of Geophysical Research:
Atmospheres. 117(D18), D18105.'
mla: 'Reid, T. D., et al. “Including Debris Cover Effects in a Distributed Model
of Glacier Ablation.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.
117, no. D18, D18105, American Geophysical Union, 2012, doi:10.1029/2012jd017795.'
short: 'T.D. Reid, M. Carenzo, F. Pellicciotti, B.W. Brock, Journal of Geophysical
Research: Atmospheres 117 (2012).'
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:17:57Z
date_published: 2012-09-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T10:57:31Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1029/2012jd017795
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 117'
issue: D18
keyword:
- Paleontology
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Atmospheric Science
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Geochemistry and Petrology
- Soil Science
- Water Science and Technology
- Ecology
- Aquatic Science
- Forestry
- Oceanography
- Geophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017795
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0148-0227
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Including debris cover effects in a distributed model of glacier ablation
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 117
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '9144'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A cloud-resolving model is used to investigate the effect of warming on high
percentiles of precipitation (precipitation extremes) in the idealized setting
of radiative-convective equilibrium. While this idealized setting does not allow
for several factors that influence precipitation in the tropics, it does allow
for an evaluation of the response of precipitation extremes to warming in simulations
with resolved rather than parameterized convection. The methodology developed
should also be applicable to less idealized simulations.\r\n\r\nModeled precipitation
extremes are found to increase in magnitude in response to an increase in sea
surface temperature. A dry static energy budget is used to relate the changes
in precipitation extremes to changes in atmospheric temperature, vertical velocity,
and precipitation efficiency. To first order, the changes in precipitation extremes
are captured by changes in the mean temperature structure of the atmosphere. Changes
in vertical velocities play a secondary role and tend to weaken the strength of
precipitation extremes, despite an intensification of updraft velocities in the
upper troposphere. The influence of changes in condensate transports on precipitation
extremes is quantified in terms of a precipitation efficiency; it does not change
greatly with warming.\r\n\r\nTropical precipitation extremes have previously been
found to increase at a greater fractional rate than the amount of atmospheric
water vapor in observations of present-day variability and in some climate model
simulations with parameterized convection. But the fractional increases in precipitation
extremes in the cloud-resolving simulations are comparable in magnitude to those
in surface water vapor concentrations (owing to a partial cancellation between
dynamical and thermodynamical changes), and are substantially less than the fractional
increases in column water vapor."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: Paul A.
full_name: O’Gorman, Paul A.
last_name: O’Gorman
- first_name: Larissa E.
full_name: Back, Larissa E.
last_name: Back
citation:
ama: Muller CJ, O’Gorman PA, Back LE. Intensification of precipitation extremes
with warming in a cloud-resolving model. Journal of Climate. 2011;24(11):2784-2800.
doi:10.1175/2011jcli3876.1
apa: Muller, C. J., O’Gorman, P. A., & Back, L. E. (2011). Intensification of
precipitation extremes with warming in a cloud-resolving model. Journal of
Climate. American Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli3876.1
chicago: Muller, Caroline J, Paul A. O’Gorman, and Larissa E. Back. “Intensification
of Precipitation Extremes with Warming in a Cloud-Resolving Model.” Journal
of Climate. American Meteorological Society, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli3876.1.
ieee: C. J. Muller, P. A. O’Gorman, and L. E. Back, “Intensification of precipitation
extremes with warming in a cloud-resolving model,” Journal of Climate,
vol. 24, no. 11. American Meteorological Society, pp. 2784–2800, 2011.
ista: Muller CJ, O’Gorman PA, Back LE. 2011. Intensification of precipitation extremes
with warming in a cloud-resolving model. Journal of Climate. 24(11), 2784–2800.
mla: Muller, Caroline J., et al. “Intensification of Precipitation Extremes with
Warming in a Cloud-Resolving Model.” Journal of Climate, vol. 24, no. 11,
American Meteorological Society, 2011, pp. 2784–800, doi:10.1175/2011jcli3876.1.
short: C.J. Muller, P.A. O’Gorman, L.E. Back, Journal of Climate 24 (2011) 2784–2800.
date_created: 2021-02-15T14:39:57Z
date_published: 2011-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-24T13:52:46Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1175/2011jcli3876.1
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 24'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- Atmospheric Science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JCLI3876.1
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2784-2800
publication: Journal of Climate
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1520-0442
issn:
- 0894-8755
publication_status: published
publisher: American Meteorological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Intensification of precipitation extremes with warming in a cloud-resolving
model
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 24
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '12651'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Temperature data from three Automatic Weather Stations and twelve Temperature
Loggers are used to investigate the spatiotemporal variability of temperature
over a glacier, its main atmospheric controls, the suitability of extrapolation
techniques and their effect on melt modeling. We use data collected on Juncal
Norte Glacier, central Chile, during one ablation season. We examine temporal
and spatial variability in lapse rates (LRs), together with alternative statistical
interpolation methods. The main control over the glacier thermal regime is the
development of a katabatic boundary layer (KBL). Katabatic wind occurs at night
and in the morning and is eroded in the afternoon. LRs reveal strong diurnal variability,
with steeper LRs during the day when the katabatic wind weakens and shallower
LRs during the night and morning. We suggest that temporally variable LRs should
be used to account for the observed change. They tend to be steeper than equivalent
constant LRs, and therefore result in a reduction in simulated melt compared to
use of constant LRs when extrapolating from lower to higher elevations. In addition
to the temporal variability, the temperature-elevation relationship varies also
in space. Differences are evident between local LRs and including such variability
in melt modeling affects melt simulations. Extrapolation methods based on the
spatial variability of the observations after removal of the elevation trend,
such as Inverse Distance Weighting or Kriging, do not seem necessary for simulations
of gridded temperature data over a glacier.
article_number: D23109
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: L.
full_name: Petersen, L.
last_name: Petersen
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: 'Petersen L, Pellicciotti F. Spatial and temporal variability of air temperature
on a melting glacier: Atmospheric controls, extrapolation methods and their effect
on melt modeling, Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile. Journal of Geophysical Research:
Atmospheres. 2011;116(D23). doi:10.1029/2011jd015842'
apa: 'Petersen, L., & Pellicciotti, F. (2011). Spatial and temporal variability
of air temperature on a melting glacier: Atmospheric controls, extrapolation methods
and their effect on melt modeling, Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile. Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jd015842'
chicago: 'Petersen, L., and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Spatial and Temporal Variability
of Air Temperature on a Melting Glacier: Atmospheric Controls, Extrapolation Methods
and Their Effect on Melt Modeling, Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile.” Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jd015842.'
ieee: 'L. Petersen and F. Pellicciotti, “Spatial and temporal variability of air
temperature on a melting glacier: Atmospheric controls, extrapolation methods
and their effect on melt modeling, Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile,” Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 116, no. D23. American Geophysical
Union, 2011.'
ista: 'Petersen L, Pellicciotti F. 2011. Spatial and temporal variability of air
temperature on a melting glacier: Atmospheric controls, extrapolation methods
and their effect on melt modeling, Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile. Journal of Geophysical
Research: Atmospheres. 116(D23), D23109.'
mla: 'Petersen, L., and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Spatial and Temporal Variability
of Air Temperature on a Melting Glacier: Atmospheric Controls, Extrapolation Methods
and Their Effect on Melt Modeling, Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile.” Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 116, no. D23, D23109, American Geophysical
Union, 2011, doi:10.1029/2011jd015842.'
short: 'L. Petersen, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
116 (2011).'
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:18:14Z
date_published: 2011-12-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T10:29:44Z
day: '16'
doi: 10.1029/2011jd015842
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 116'
issue: D23
keyword:
- Paleontology
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Atmospheric Science
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Geochemistry and Petrology
- Soil Science
- Water Science and Technology
- Ecology
- Aquatic Science
- Forestry
- Oceanography
- Geophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD01584
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0148-0227
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Spatial and temporal variability of air temperature on a melting glacier:
Atmospheric controls, extrapolation methods and their effect on melt modeling, Juncal
Norte Glacier, Chile'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 116
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '9145'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We have found a new way to express the solutions of the RSM (Reynolds Stress
Model) equations that allows us to present the turbulent diffusivities for heat,
salt and momentum in a way that is considerably simpler and thus easier to implement
than in previous work. The RSM provides the dimensionless mixing efficiencies
Γα (α stands for heat, salt and momentum). However, to compute the diffusivities,
one needs additional information, specifically, the dissipation ε. Since a dynamic
equation for the latter that includes the physical processes relevant to the ocean
is still not available, one must resort to different sources of information outside
the RSM to obtain a complete Mixing Scheme usable in OGCMs.\r\nAs for the RSM
results, we show that the Γα’s are functions of both Ri and Rρ (Richardson number
and density ratio representing double diffusion, DD); the Γα are different for
heat, salt and momentum; in the case of heat, the traditional value Γh = 0.2 is
valid only in the presence of strong shear (when DD is inoperative) while when
shear subsides, NATRE data show that Γh can be three times as large, a result
that we reproduce. The salt Γs is given in terms of Γh. The momentum Γm has thus
far been guessed with different prescriptions while the RSM provides a well defined
expression for Γm(Ri, Rρ). Having tested Γh, we then test the momentum Γm by showing
that the turbulent Prandtl number Γm/Γh vs. Ri reproduces the available data quite
well.\r\n\r\nAs for the dissipation ε, we use different representations, one for
the mixed layer (ML), one for the thermocline and one for the ocean’s bottom.
For the ML, we adopt a procedure analogous to the one successfully used in PB
(planetary boundary layer) studies; for the thermocline, we employ an expression
for the variable εN−2 from studies of the internal gravity waves spectra which
includes a latitude dependence; for the ocean bottom, we adopt the enhanced bottom
diffusivity expression used by previous authors but with a state of the art internal
tidal energy formulation and replace the fixed Γα = 0.2 with the RSM result that
brings into the problem the Ri, Rρ dependence of the Γα; the unresolved bottom
drag, which has thus far been either ignored or modeled with heuristic relations,
is modeled using a formalism we previously developed and tested in PBL studies.\r\nWe
carried out several tests without an OGCM. Prandtl and flux Richardson numbers
vs. Ri. The RSM model reproduces both types of data satisfactorily. DD and Mixing
efficiency Γh(Ri, Rρ). The RSM model reproduces well the NATRE data. Bimodal ε-distribution.
NATRE data show that ε(Ri < 1) ≈ 10ε(Ri > 1), which our model reproduces. Heat
to salt flux ratio. In the Ri ≫ 1 regime, the RSM predictions reproduce the data
satisfactorily. NATRE mass diffusivity. The z-profile of the mass diffusivity
reproduces well the measurements at NATRE. The local form of the mixing scheme
is algebraic with one cubic equation to solve."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: V.M.
full_name: Canuto, V.M.
last_name: Canuto
- first_name: A.M.
full_name: Howard, A.M.
last_name: Howard
- first_name: Y.
full_name: Cheng, Y.
last_name: Cheng
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: A.
full_name: Leboissetier, A.
last_name: Leboissetier
- first_name: S.R.
full_name: Jayne, S.R.
last_name: Jayne
citation:
ama: 'Canuto VM, Howard AM, Cheng Y, Muller CJ, Leboissetier A, Jayne SR. Ocean
turbulence, III: New GISS vertical mixing scheme. Ocean Modelling. 2010;34(3-4):70-91.
doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.04.006'
apa: 'Canuto, V. M., Howard, A. M., Cheng, Y., Muller, C. J., Leboissetier, A.,
& Jayne, S. R. (2010). Ocean turbulence, III: New GISS vertical mixing scheme.
Ocean Modelling. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.04.006'
chicago: 'Canuto, V.M., A.M. Howard, Y. Cheng, Caroline J Muller, A. Leboissetier,
and S.R. Jayne. “Ocean Turbulence, III: New GISS Vertical Mixing Scheme.” Ocean
Modelling. Elsevier, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.04.006.'
ieee: 'V. M. Canuto, A. M. Howard, Y. Cheng, C. J. Muller, A. Leboissetier, and
S. R. Jayne, “Ocean turbulence, III: New GISS vertical mixing scheme,” Ocean
Modelling, vol. 34, no. 3–4. Elsevier, pp. 70–91, 2010.'
ista: 'Canuto VM, Howard AM, Cheng Y, Muller CJ, Leboissetier A, Jayne SR. 2010.
Ocean turbulence, III: New GISS vertical mixing scheme. Ocean Modelling. 34(3–4),
70–91.'
mla: 'Canuto, V. M., et al. “Ocean Turbulence, III: New GISS Vertical Mixing Scheme.”
Ocean Modelling, vol. 34, no. 3–4, Elsevier, 2010, pp. 70–91, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.04.006.'
short: V.M. Canuto, A.M. Howard, Y. Cheng, C.J. Muller, A. Leboissetier, S.R. Jayne,
Ocean Modelling 34 (2010) 70–91.
date_created: 2021-02-15T14:40:19Z
date_published: 2010-05-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-24T13:51:35Z
day: '12'
doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.04.006
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 34'
issue: 3-4
keyword:
- Computer Science (miscellaneous)
- Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
- Atmospheric Science
- Oceanography
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 70-91
publication: Ocean Modelling
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1463-5003
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Ocean turbulence, III: New GISS vertical mixing scheme'
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 34
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '12658'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: '[1] During the ablation period 2001 a glaciometeorological experiment was
carried out on Haut Glacier d''Arolla, Switzerland. Five meteorological stations
were installed on the glacier, and one permanent automatic weather station in
the glacier foreland. The altitudes of the stations ranged between 2500 and 3000
m a.s.l., and they were in operation from end of May to beginning of September
2001. The spatial arrangement of the stations and temporal duration of the measurements
generated a unique data set enabling the analysis of the spatial and temporal
variability of the meteorological variables across an alpine glacier. All measurements
were taken at a nominal height of 2 m, and hourly averages were derived for the
analysis. The wind regime was dominated by the glacier wind (mean value 2.8 m
s−1) but due to erosion by the synoptic gradient wind, occasionally the wind would
blow up the valley. A slight decrease in mean 2 m air temperatures with altitude
was found, however the 2 m air temperature gradient varied greatly and frequently
changed its sign. Mean relative humidity was 71% and exhibited limited spatial
variation. Mean incoming shortwave radiation and albedo both generally increased
with elevation. The different components of shortwave radiation are quantified
with a parameterization scheme. Resulting spatial variations are mainly due to
horizon obstruction and reflections from surrounding slopes, i.e., topography.
The effect of clouds accounts for a loss of 30% of the extraterrestrial flux.
Albedos derived from a Landsat TM image of 30 July show remarkably constant values,
in the range 0.49 to 0.50, across snow covered parts of the glacier, while albedo
is highly spatially variable below the zone of continuous snow cover. These results
are verified with ground measurements and compared with parameterized albedo.
Mean longwave radiative fluxes decreased with elevation due to lower air temperatures
and the effect of upper hemisphere slopes. It is shown through parameterization
that this effect would even be more pronounced without the effect of clouds. Results
are discussed with respect to a similar study which has been carried out on Pasterze
Glacier (Austria). The presented algorithms for interpolating, parameterizing
and simulating variables and parameters in alpine regions are integrated in the
software package AMUNDSEN which is freely available to be adapted and further
developed by the community.'
article_number: D03103
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ulrich
full_name: Strasser, Ulrich
last_name: Strasser
- first_name: Javier
full_name: Corripio, Javier
last_name: Corripio
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
- first_name: Ben
full_name: Brock, Ben
last_name: Brock
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Funk, Martin
last_name: Funk
citation:
ama: 'Strasser U, Corripio J, Pellicciotti F, Burlando P, Brock B, Funk M. Spatial
and temporal variability of meteorological variables at Haut Glacier d’Arolla
(Switzerland) during the ablation season 2001: Measurements and simulations. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2004;109(D3). doi:10.1029/2003jd003973'
apa: 'Strasser, U., Corripio, J., Pellicciotti, F., Burlando, P., Brock, B., &
Funk, M. (2004). Spatial and temporal variability of meteorological variables
at Haut Glacier d’Arolla (Switzerland) during the ablation season 2001: Measurements
and simulations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American
Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd003973'
chicago: 'Strasser, Ulrich, Javier Corripio, Francesca Pellicciotti, Paolo Burlando,
Ben Brock, and Martin Funk. “Spatial and Temporal Variability of Meteorological
Variables at Haut Glacier d’Arolla (Switzerland) during the Ablation Season 2001:
Measurements and Simulations.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres.
American Geophysical Union, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd003973.'
ieee: 'U. Strasser, J. Corripio, F. Pellicciotti, P. Burlando, B. Brock, and M.
Funk, “Spatial and temporal variability of meteorological variables at Haut Glacier
d’Arolla (Switzerland) during the ablation season 2001: Measurements and simulations,”
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 109, no. D3. American
Geophysical Union, 2004.'
ista: 'Strasser U, Corripio J, Pellicciotti F, Burlando P, Brock B, Funk M. 2004.
Spatial and temporal variability of meteorological variables at Haut Glacier d’Arolla
(Switzerland) during the ablation season 2001: Measurements and simulations. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 109(D3), D03103.'
mla: 'Strasser, Ulrich, et al. “Spatial and Temporal Variability of Meteorological
Variables at Haut Glacier d’Arolla (Switzerland) during the Ablation Season 2001:
Measurements and Simulations.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,
vol. 109, no. D3, D03103, American Geophysical Union, 2004, doi:10.1029/2003jd003973.'
short: 'U. Strasser, J. Corripio, F. Pellicciotti, P. Burlando, B. Brock, M. Funk,
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 109 (2004).'
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:18:57Z
date_published: 2004-02-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T08:40:21Z
day: '16'
doi: 10.1029/2003jd003973
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 109'
issue: D3
keyword:
- Paleontology
- Space and Planetary Science
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Atmospheric Science
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Geochemistry and Petrology
- Soil Science
- Water Science and Technology
- Ecology
- Aquatic Science
- Forestry
- Oceanography
- Geophysics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0148-0227
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Spatial and temporal variability of meteorological variables at Haut Glacier
d''Arolla (Switzerland) during the ablation season 2001: Measurements and simulations'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 109
year: '2004'
...