[{"abstract":[{"text":"The purpose of this application note is to demonstrate a working example of a superconducting qubit measurement in a Bluefors cryostat using the Keysight quantum control hardware. Our motivation is twofold. First, we provide pre-qualification data that the Bluefors cryostat, including filtering and wiring, can support long-lived qubits. Second, we demonstrate that the Keysight system (controlled using Labber) provides a straightforward solution to perform these characterization measurements. This document is intended as a brief guide for starting an experimental platform for testing superconducting qubits. The setup described here is an immediate jumping off point for a suite of applications including testing quantum logical gates, quantum optics with microwaves, or even using the qubit itself as a sensitive probe of local electromagnetic fields. Qubit measurements rely on high performance of both the physical sample environment and the measurement electronics. An overview of the cryogenic system is shown in Figure 1, and an overview of the integration between the electronics and cryostat (including wiring details) is shown in Figure 2.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Lake","full_name":"Lake, Russell","first_name":"Russell"},{"last_name":"Simbierowicz","full_name":"Simbierowicz, Slawomir","first_name":"Slawomir"},{"last_name":"Krantz","full_name":"Krantz, Philip","first_name":"Philip"},{"last_name":"Hassani","full_name":"Hassani, Farid","first_name":"Farid","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M"}],"keyword":["Application note"],"status":"public","day":"20","citation":{"ieee":"R. Lake, S. Simbierowicz, P. Krantz, F. Hassani, and J. M. Fink, <i>The Bluefors dilution refrigerator as an integrated quantum measurement system</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy, 2021.","apa":"Lake, R., Simbierowicz, S., Krantz, P., Hassani, F., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2021). <i>The Bluefors dilution refrigerator as an integrated quantum measurement system</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy.","chicago":"Lake, Russell, Slawomir Simbierowicz, Philip Krantz, Farid Hassani, and Johannes M Fink. <i>The Bluefors Dilution Refrigerator as an Integrated Quantum Measurement System</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy, 2021.","ama":"Lake R, Simbierowicz S, Krantz P, Hassani F, Fink JM. <i>The Bluefors Dilution Refrigerator as an Integrated Quantum Measurement System</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy; 2021.","mla":"Lake, Russell, et al. <i>The Bluefors Dilution Refrigerator as an Integrated Quantum Measurement System</i>. Bluefors Oy, 2021.","short":"R. Lake, S. Simbierowicz, P. Krantz, F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, The Bluefors Dilution Refrigerator as an Integrated Quantum Measurement System, Bluefors Oy, Helsinki, Finland, 2021.","ista":"Lake R, Simbierowicz S, Krantz P, Hassani F, Fink JM. 2021. The Bluefors dilution refrigerator as an integrated quantum measurement system, Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy, 9p."},"publication_status":"published","type":"other_academic_publication","_id":"10644","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","article_processing_charge":"No","page":"9","date_updated":"2022-01-19T09:11:33Z","oa":1,"title":"The Bluefors dilution refrigerator as an integrated quantum measurement system","publisher":"Bluefors Oy","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"place":"Helsinki, Finland","year":"2021","month":"04","date_published":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2022-01-19T08:29:57Z","alternative_title":["Bluefors Blog"],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://bluefors.com/blog/integrated-quantum-measurement-system/","open_access":"1"}],"department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}]},{"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://bluefors.com/blog/application-note-qubit-energy-relaxation-statistics-bluefors-quantum-measurement-system/"}],"department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"alternative_title":["Bluefors Blog"],"date_created":"2022-01-19T08:41:14Z","date_published":"2021-06-03T00:00:00Z","month":"06","place":"Helsinki, Finland","year":"2021","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Qubit energy-relaxation statistics in the Bluefors quantum measurement system","publisher":"Bluefors Oy","page":"8","article_processing_charge":"No","oa":1,"date_updated":"2022-01-19T09:11:39Z","quality_controlled":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","_id":"10645","type":"other_academic_publication","day":"03","citation":{"chicago":"Simbierowicz, Slawomir, Chunyan Shi, Michele Collodo, Moritz Kirste, Farid Hassani, Johannes M Fink, Jonas Bylander, Daniel Perez Lozano, and Russell Lake. <i>Qubit Energy-Relaxation Statistics in the Bluefors Quantum Measurement System</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy, 2021.","ieee":"S. Simbierowicz <i>et al.</i>, <i>Qubit energy-relaxation statistics in the Bluefors quantum measurement system</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy, 2021.","apa":"Simbierowicz, S., Shi, C., Collodo, M., Kirste, M., Hassani, F., Fink, J. M., … Lake, R. (2021). <i>Qubit energy-relaxation statistics in the Bluefors quantum measurement system</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy.","short":"S. Simbierowicz, C. Shi, M. Collodo, M. Kirste, F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, J. Bylander, D. Perez Lozano, R. Lake, Qubit Energy-Relaxation Statistics in the Bluefors Quantum Measurement System, Bluefors Oy, Helsinki, Finland, 2021.","ista":"Simbierowicz S, Shi C, Collodo M, Kirste M, Hassani F, Fink JM, Bylander J, Perez Lozano D, Lake R. 2021. Qubit energy-relaxation statistics in the Bluefors quantum measurement system, Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy, 8p.","mla":"Simbierowicz, Slawomir, et al. <i>Qubit Energy-Relaxation Statistics in the Bluefors Quantum Measurement System</i>. Bluefors Oy, 2021.","ama":"Simbierowicz S, Shi C, Collodo M, et al. <i>Qubit Energy-Relaxation Statistics in the Bluefors Quantum Measurement System</i>. Helsinki, Finland: Bluefors Oy; 2021."},"publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Simbierowicz, Slawomir","last_name":"Simbierowicz","first_name":"Slawomir"},{"first_name":"Chunyan","last_name":"Shi","full_name":"Shi, Chunyan"},{"first_name":"Michele","full_name":"Collodo, Michele","last_name":"Collodo"},{"first_name":"Moritz","last_name":"Kirste","full_name":"Kirste, Moritz"},{"first_name":"Farid","full_name":"Hassani, Farid","last_name":"Hassani","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Johannes M","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","last_name":"Fink","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Bylander, Jonas","last_name":"Bylander","first_name":"Jonas"},{"last_name":"Perez Lozano","full_name":"Perez Lozano, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel"},{"full_name":"Lake, Russell","last_name":"Lake","first_name":"Russell"}],"keyword":["Application note"],"status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Superconducting qubits have emerged as a highly versatile and useful platform for quantum technological applications [1]. Bluefors and Zurich Instruments have supported the growth of this field from the 2010s onwards by providing well-engineered and reliable measurement infrastructure [2]– [6]. Having a long and stable qubit lifetime is a critical system property. Therefore, considerable effort has already gone into measuring qubit energy-relaxation timescales and their fluctuations, see Refs. [7]–[10] among others. Accurately extracting the statistics of a quantum device requires users to perform time consuming measurements. One measurement challenge is that the detection of the state-dependent\r\nresponse of a superconducting resonator due to a dispersively-coupled qubit requires an inherently low signal level. Consequently, measurements must be performed using a microwave probe that contains only a few microwave photons. Improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by using near-quantum limited parametric amplifiers as well as the use of optimized signal processing enabled by efficient room temperature instrumentation help to reduce measurement time. An empirical observation for fixed frequency transmons from recent literature is that as the energy-relaxation time 𝑇𝑇1 increases, so do its natural temporal fluctuations [7], [10]. This necessitates many repeated measurements to understand the statistics (see for example, Ref. [10]). In addition, as state-of-the-art qubits increase in lifetime, longer\r\nmeasurement times are expected to obtain accurate statistics. As described below, the scaling of the widths of the qubit energy-relaxation distributions also reveal clues about the origin of the energy-relaxation."}]}]