---
_id: '7304'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Lithium-air batteries have received extraordinary attention recently owing
    to their theoretical gravimetric energies being considerably higher than those
    of Li-ion batteries. There are, however, significant challenges to practical implementation,
    including low energy efficiency, cycle life, and power capability. These are due
    primarily to the lack of fundamental understanding of oxygen reduction and evolution
    reaction kinetics and parasitic reactions between oxygen redox intermediate species
    and nominally inactive battery components such as carbon in the oxygen electrode
    and electrolytes. In this article, we discuss recent advances in the mechanistic
    understanding of oxygen redox reactions in nonaqueous electrolytes and the search
    for electrolytes and electrode materials that are chemically stable in the oxygen
    electrode. In addition, methods to protect lithium metal against corrosion by
    water and dendrite formation in aqueous lithium-air batteries are discussed. Further
    materials innovations lie at the heart of research and development efforts that
    are needed to enable the development of lithium-oxygen batteries with enhanced
    round-trip efficiency and cycle life.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: D.G.
  full_name: Kwabi, D.G.
  last_name: Kwabi
- first_name: N.
  full_name: Ortiz-Vitoriano, N.
  last_name: Ortiz-Vitoriano
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Y.
  full_name: Chen, Y.
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: N.
  full_name: Imanishi, N.
  last_name: Imanishi
- first_name: P.G.
  full_name: Bruce, P.G.
  last_name: Bruce
- first_name: Y.
  full_name: Shao-Horn, Y.
  last_name: Shao-Horn
citation:
  ama: Kwabi DG, Ortiz-Vitoriano N, Freunberger SA, et al. Materials challenges in
    rechargeable lithium-air batteries. <i>MRS Bulletin</i>. 2014;39(5):443-452. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.87">10.1557/mrs.2014.87</a>
  apa: Kwabi, D. G., Ortiz-Vitoriano, N., Freunberger, S. A., Chen, Y., Imanishi,
    N., Bruce, P. G., &#38; Shao-Horn, Y. (2014). Materials challenges in rechargeable
    lithium-air batteries. <i>MRS Bulletin</i>. CUP. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.87">https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.87</a>
  chicago: Kwabi, D.G., N. Ortiz-Vitoriano, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Y. Chen,
    N. Imanishi, P.G. Bruce, and Y. Shao-Horn. “Materials Challenges in Rechargeable
    Lithium-Air Batteries.” <i>MRS Bulletin</i>. CUP, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.87">https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.87</a>.
  ieee: D. G. Kwabi <i>et al.</i>, “Materials challenges in rechargeable lithium-air
    batteries,” <i>MRS Bulletin</i>, vol. 39, no. 5. CUP, pp. 443–452, 2014.
  ista: Kwabi DG, Ortiz-Vitoriano N, Freunberger SA, Chen Y, Imanishi N, Bruce PG,
    Shao-Horn Y. 2014. Materials challenges in rechargeable lithium-air batteries.
    MRS Bulletin. 39(5), 443–452.
  mla: Kwabi, D. G., et al. “Materials Challenges in Rechargeable Lithium-Air Batteries.”
    <i>MRS Bulletin</i>, vol. 39, no. 5, CUP, 2014, pp. 443–52, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2014.87">10.1557/mrs.2014.87</a>.
  short: D.G. Kwabi, N. Ortiz-Vitoriano, S.A. Freunberger, Y. Chen, N. Imanishi, P.G.
    Bruce, Y. Shao-Horn, MRS Bulletin 39 (2014) 443–452.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:18:05Z
date_published: 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:54Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1557/mrs.2014.87
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        39'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 443-452
publication: MRS Bulletin
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0883-7694
  - 1938-1425
publication_status: published
publisher: CUP
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Materials challenges in rechargeable lithium-air batteries
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 39
year: '2014'
...