---
_id: '13041'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A series of triarylamines was synthesised and screened for their suitability
as catholytes in redox flow batteries using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Tris(4-aminophenyl)amine
was found to be the strongest candidate. Solubility and initial electrochemical
performance were promising; however, polymerisation was observed during electrochemical
cycling leading to rapid capacity fade prescribed to a loss of accessible active
material and the limitation of ion transport processes within the cell. A mixed
electrolyte system of H3PO4 and HCl was found to inhibit polymerisation producing
oligomers that consumed less active material reducing rates of degradation in
the redox flow battery. Under these conditions Coulombic efficiency improved by
over 4 %, the maximum number of cycles more than quadrupled and an additional
theoretical capacity of 20 % was accessed. This paper is, to our knowledge, the
first example of triarylamines as catholytes in all-aqueous redox flow batteries
and emphasises the impact supporting electrolytes can have on electrochemical
performance.
acknowledgement: The authors (N.L.F and R.B.J) would like to acknowledge the funding
contributions of Shell and the EPRSC via I–Case studentships (grants no. EP/V519662/1
and EP/R511870/1 respectively). T.I would like to thank the ERC advanced Investigator
Grant for CPG (EC H2020 835073). Thank you to Zhen Wang from the University of Cambridge
for measuring GPC, the Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry's mass spectrometry
service for MS measurements and analysis and Dr Andrew Bond from the University
of Cambridge for XRD measurement and analysis.
article_number: e202300128
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nadia L.
full_name: Farag, Nadia L.
last_name: Farag
- first_name: Rajesh B
full_name: Jethwa, Rajesh B
id: 4cc538d5-803f-11ed-ab7e-8139573aad8f
last_name: Jethwa
orcid: 0000-0002-0404-4356
- first_name: Alice E.
full_name: Beardmore, Alice E.
last_name: Beardmore
- first_name: Teresa
full_name: Insinna, Teresa
last_name: Insinna
- first_name: Christopher A.
full_name: O'Keefe, Christopher A.
last_name: O'Keefe
- first_name: Peter A.A.
full_name: Klusener, Peter A.A.
last_name: Klusener
- first_name: Clare P.
full_name: Grey, Clare P.
last_name: Grey
- first_name: Dominic S.
full_name: Wright, Dominic S.
last_name: Wright
citation:
ama: Farag NL, Jethwa RB, Beardmore AE, et al. Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous
organic redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem. 2023;16(13). doi:10.1002/cssc.202300128
apa: Farag, N. L., Jethwa, R. B., Beardmore, A. E., Insinna, T., O’Keefe, C. A.,
Klusener, P. A. A., … Wright, D. S. (2023). Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous
organic redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202300128
chicago: Farag, Nadia L., Rajesh B Jethwa, Alice E. Beardmore, Teresa Insinna, Christopher
A. O’Keefe, Peter A.A. Klusener, Clare P. Grey, and Dominic S. Wright. “Triarylamines
as Catholytes in Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries.” ChemSusChem. Wiley,
2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202300128.
ieee: N. L. Farag et al., “Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic
redox flow batteries,” ChemSusChem, vol. 16, no. 13. Wiley, 2023.
ista: Farag NL, Jethwa RB, Beardmore AE, Insinna T, O’Keefe CA, Klusener PAA, Grey
CP, Wright DS. 2023. Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow
batteries. ChemSusChem. 16(13), e202300128.
mla: Farag, Nadia L., et al. “Triarylamines as Catholytes in Aqueous Organic Redox
Flow Batteries.” ChemSusChem, vol. 16, no. 13, e202300128, Wiley, 2023,
doi:10.1002/cssc.202300128.
short: N.L. Farag, R.B. Jethwa, A.E. Beardmore, T. Insinna, C.A. O’Keefe, P.A.A.
Klusener, C.P. Grey, D.S. Wright, ChemSusChem 16 (2023).
date_created: 2023-05-21T22:01:05Z
date_published: 2023-07-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-14T11:28:23Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '540'
department:
- _id: StFr
doi: 10.1002/cssc.202300128
external_id:
isi:
- '000985051300001'
pmid:
- '36970847'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: efa0713289995af83a2147b3e8e1d6a6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-11-14T11:27:16Z
date_updated: 2023-11-14T11:27:16Z
file_id: '14532'
file_name: 2023_ChemSusChem_Farag.pdf
file_size: 1168683
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-11-14T11:27:16Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
isi: 1
issue: '13'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: ChemSusChem
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1864-564X
issn:
- 1864-5631
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Triarylamines as catholytes in aqueous organic redox flow batteries
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '7291'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Na battery chemistries show poor passivation behavior of low voltage Na storage
compounds and Na metal with organic carbonate‐based electrolytes adopted from
Li‐ion batteries. Therefore, a suitable electrolyte remains a major challenge
for establishing Na batteries. Here we report highly concentrated sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
(NaFSI) in dimethoxyethane (DME) electrolytes and investigate them for Na metal
and hard carbon anodes and intercalation cathodes. For a DME/NaFSI ratio of 2,
a stable passivation of anode materials was found owing to the formation of a
stable solid electrolyte interface, which was characterized spectroscopically.
This permitted non‐dentritic Na metal cycling with approximately 98 % coulombic
efficiency as shown for up to 300 cycles. The NaFSI/DME electrolyte may enable
Na‐metal anodes and allows for more reliable assessment of electrode materials
in Na‐ion half‐cells, as is demonstrated by comparing half‐cell cycling of hard
carbon anodes and Na3V2(PO4)3 cathodes with a widely used carbonate and the NaFSI/DME
electrolyte.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Schafzahl, Lukas
last_name: Schafzahl
- first_name: Ilie
full_name: Hanzu, Ilie
last_name: Hanzu
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Wilkening, Martin
last_name: Wilkening
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
citation:
ama: Schafzahl L, Hanzu I, Wilkening M, Freunberger SA. An electrolyte for reversible
cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds. ChemSusChem. 2017;10(2):401-408.
doi:10.1002/cssc.201601222
apa: Schafzahl, L., Hanzu, I., Wilkening, M., & Freunberger, S. A. (2017). An
electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds.
ChemSusChem. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201601222
chicago: Schafzahl, Lukas, Ilie Hanzu, Martin Wilkening, and Stefan Alexander Freunberger.
“An Electrolyte for Reversible Cycling of Sodium Metal and Intercalation Compounds.”
ChemSusChem. Wiley, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201601222.
ieee: L. Schafzahl, I. Hanzu, M. Wilkening, and S. A. Freunberger, “An electrolyte
for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds,” ChemSusChem,
vol. 10, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 401–408, 2017.
ista: Schafzahl L, Hanzu I, Wilkening M, Freunberger SA. 2017. An electrolyte for
reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds. ChemSusChem. 10(2),
401–408.
mla: Schafzahl, Lukas, et al. “An Electrolyte for Reversible Cycling of Sodium Metal
and Intercalation Compounds.” ChemSusChem, vol. 10, no. 2, Wiley, 2017,
pp. 401–08, doi:10.1002/cssc.201601222.
short: L. Schafzahl, I. Hanzu, M. Wilkening, S.A. Freunberger, ChemSusChem 10 (2017)
401–408.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:15:29Z
date_published: 2017-01-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:48Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1002/cssc.201601222
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 10'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 401-408
publication: ChemSusChem
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1864-5631
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: An electrolyte for reversible cycling of sodium metal and intercalation compounds
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 10
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '11967'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: An experimentally easy to perform method for the generation of alumina-supported
Fe3O4 nanoparticles [(6±1) nm size, 0.67 wt %]and the use of this material in
hydrazine-mediated heterogeneously catalyzed reductions of nitroarenes to anilines
under batch and continuous-flow conditions is presented. The bench-stable, reusable
nano-Fe3O4@Al2O3 catalyst can selectively reduce functionalized nitroarenes at
1 mol % catalyst loading by using a 20 mol % excess of hydrazine hydrate in an
elevated temperature regime (150 °C, reaction time 2–6 min in batch). For continuous-flow
processing, the catalyst material is packed into dedicated cartridges and used
in a commercially available high-temperature/-pressure flow device. In continuous
mode, reaction times can be reduced to less than 1 min at 150 °C (30 bar back
pressure) in a highly intensified process. The nano-Fe3O4@Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated
stable reduction of nitrobenzene (0.5 M in MeOH) for more than 10 h on stream
at a productivity of 30 mmol h−1 (0.72 mol per day). Importantly, virtually no
leaching of the catalytically active material could be observed by inductively
coupled plasma MS monitoring.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Mojtaba Mirhosseini
full_name: Moghaddam, Mojtaba Mirhosseini
last_name: Moghaddam
- first_name: Bartholomäus
full_name: Pieber, Bartholomäus
id: 93e5e5b2-0da6-11ed-8a41-af589a024726
last_name: Pieber
orcid: 0000-0001-8689-388X
- first_name: Toma
full_name: Glasnov, Toma
last_name: Glasnov
- first_name: C. Oliver
full_name: Kappe, C. Oliver
last_name: Kappe
citation:
ama: Moghaddam MM, Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles
as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions in continuous
flow. ChemSusChem. 2014;7(11):3122-3131. doi:10.1002/cssc.201402455
apa: Moghaddam, M. M., Pieber, B., Glasnov, T., & Kappe, C. O. (2014). Immobilized
iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated
nitro reductions in continuous flow. ChemSusChem. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402455
chicago: Moghaddam, Mojtaba Mirhosseini, Bartholomäus Pieber, Toma Glasnov, and
C. Oliver Kappe. “Immobilized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Stable and Reusable
Catalysts for Hydrazine-Mediated Nitro Reductions in Continuous Flow.” ChemSusChem.
Wiley, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402455.
ieee: M. M. Moghaddam, B. Pieber, T. Glasnov, and C. O. Kappe, “Immobilized iron
oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro
reductions in continuous flow,” ChemSusChem, vol. 7, no. 11. Wiley, pp.
3122–3131, 2014.
ista: Moghaddam MM, Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. 2014. Immobilized iron oxide
nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated nitro reductions
in continuous flow. ChemSusChem. 7(11), 3122–3131.
mla: Moghaddam, Mojtaba Mirhosseini, et al. “Immobilized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
as Stable and Reusable Catalysts for Hydrazine-Mediated Nitro Reductions in Continuous
Flow.” ChemSusChem, vol. 7, no. 11, Wiley, 2014, pp. 3122–31, doi:10.1002/cssc.201402455.
short: M.M. Moghaddam, B. Pieber, T. Glasnov, C.O. Kappe, ChemSusChem 7 (2014) 3122–3131.
date_created: 2022-08-25T08:36:54Z
date_published: 2014-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-21T10:09:42Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/cssc.201402455
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '25209099'
intvolume: ' 7'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 3122-3131
pmid: 1
publication: ChemSusChem
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1864-564X
issn:
- 1864-5631
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles as stable and reusable catalysts for hydrazine-mediated
nitro reductions in continuous flow
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2014'
...