---
_id: '7323'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The main factors for reducing the consumption of a vehicle are reduction of
    curb weight, air drag and increase in the drivetrain efficiency. Highly efficient
    drivetrains can be developed based on PEFC technology and curb weight may be limited
    by an innovative vehicle construction. In this paper, data on consumption and
    efficiency of a four‐place passenger vehicle with a curb weight of 850 kg and
    an H2/O2 fed PEFC/Supercap hybrid electric powertrain are presented. Hydrogen
    consumption in the New European Driving Cycle is 0.67 kg H2/100 km, which corresponds
    to a gasoline equivalent consumption of 2.5 l/100 km. When including the energy
    needed to supply pure oxygen, the calculated consumption increases from 0.67 to
    0.69–0.79 kg H2/100 km, depending on the method of oxygen production.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: F. N.
  full_name: Büchi, F. N.
  last_name: Büchi
- first_name: G.
  full_name: Paganelli, G.
  last_name: Paganelli
- first_name: P.
  full_name: Dietrich, P.
  last_name: Dietrich
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Laurent, D.
  last_name: Laurent
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Tsukada, A.
  last_name: Tsukada
- first_name: P.
  full_name: Varenne, P.
  last_name: Varenne
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Delfino, A.
  last_name: Delfino
- first_name: R.
  full_name: Kötz, R.
  last_name: Kötz
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: P.-A.
  full_name: Magne, P.-A.
  last_name: Magne
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Walser, D.
  last_name: Walser
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Olsommer, D.
  last_name: Olsommer
citation:
  ama: Büchi FN, Paganelli G, Dietrich P, et al. Consumption and efficiency of a passenger
    car with a Hydrogen/Oxygen PEFC based hybrid electric drivetrain. <i>Fuel Cells</i>.
    2007;7(4):329-335. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200600050">10.1002/fuce.200600050</a>
  apa: Büchi, F. N., Paganelli, G., Dietrich, P., Laurent, D., Tsukada, A., Varenne,
    P., … Olsommer, D. (2007). Consumption and efficiency of a passenger car with
    a Hydrogen/Oxygen PEFC based hybrid electric drivetrain. <i>Fuel Cells</i>. Wiley.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200600050">https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200600050</a>
  chicago: Büchi, F. N., G. Paganelli, P. Dietrich, D. Laurent, A. Tsukada, P. Varenne,
    A. Delfino, et al. “Consumption and Efficiency of a Passenger Car with a Hydrogen/Oxygen
    PEFC Based Hybrid Electric Drivetrain.” <i>Fuel Cells</i>. Wiley, 2007. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200600050">https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200600050</a>.
  ieee: F. N. Büchi <i>et al.</i>, “Consumption and efficiency of a passenger car
    with a Hydrogen/Oxygen PEFC based hybrid electric drivetrain,” <i>Fuel Cells</i>,
    vol. 7, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 329–335, 2007.
  ista: Büchi FN, Paganelli G, Dietrich P, Laurent D, Tsukada A, Varenne P, Delfino
    A, Kötz R, Freunberger SA, Magne P-A, Walser D, Olsommer D. 2007. Consumption
    and efficiency of a passenger car with a Hydrogen/Oxygen PEFC based hybrid electric
    drivetrain. Fuel Cells. 7(4), 329–335.
  mla: Büchi, F. N., et al. “Consumption and Efficiency of a Passenger Car with a
    Hydrogen/Oxygen PEFC Based Hybrid Electric Drivetrain.” <i>Fuel Cells</i>, vol.
    7, no. 4, Wiley, 2007, pp. 329–35, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200600050">10.1002/fuce.200600050</a>.
  short: F.N. Büchi, G. Paganelli, P. Dietrich, D. Laurent, A. Tsukada, P. Varenne,
    A. Delfino, R. Kötz, S.A. Freunberger, P.-A. Magne, D. Walser, D. Olsommer, Fuel
    Cells 7 (2007) 329–335.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:22:10Z
date_published: 2007-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:04Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/fuce.200600050
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 329-335
publication: Fuel Cells
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1615-6846
  - 1615-6854
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Consumption and efficiency of a passenger car with a Hydrogen/Oxygen PEFC based
  hybrid electric drivetrain
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2007'
...
---
_id: '7324'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Efficiency is the key parameter for the application of fuel cells in automotive
    applications. The efficiency of a hydrogen/oxygen polymer electrolyte fuel cell
    system is analyzed and compared to hydrogen/air systems. The analysis is performed
    for the tank to electric power chain. Furthermore, the additional energy required
    for using pure oxygen as a second fuel is analyzed and included in the calculation.
    The results show that if hydrogen is produced from primary fossil energy carriers,
    such as natural gas and pure oxygen needs to be obtained by a conventional process;
    the fuel to electric current efficiency is comparable for hydrogen/oxygen and
    hydrogen/air systems. However, if hydrogen and oxygen are produced by the splitting
    of water, i.e., by electrolysis or by a thermochemical process, the fuel to electric
    current efficiency for the hydrogen/oxygen system is clearly superior.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: F. N.
  full_name: Büchi, F. N.
  last_name: Büchi
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Reum, M.
  last_name: Reum
- first_name: G.
  full_name: Paganelli, G.
  last_name: Paganelli
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Tsukada, A.
  last_name: Tsukada
- first_name: P.
  full_name: Dietrich, P.
  last_name: Dietrich
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Delfino, A.
  last_name: Delfino
citation:
  ama: Büchi FN, Freunberger SA, Reum M, et al. On the efficiency of an advanced automotive
    fuel cell system. <i>Fuel Cells</i>. 2007;7(2):159-164. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500257">10.1002/fuce.200500257</a>
  apa: Büchi, F. N., Freunberger, S. A., Reum, M., Paganelli, G., Tsukada, A., Dietrich,
    P., &#38; Delfino, A. (2007). On the efficiency of an advanced automotive fuel
    cell system. <i>Fuel Cells</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500257">https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500257</a>
  chicago: Büchi, F. N., Stefan Alexander Freunberger, M. Reum, G. Paganelli, A. Tsukada,
    P. Dietrich, and A. Delfino. “On the Efficiency of an Advanced Automotive Fuel
    Cell System.” <i>Fuel Cells</i>. Wiley, 2007. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500257">https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500257</a>.
  ieee: F. N. Büchi <i>et al.</i>, “On the efficiency of an advanced automotive fuel
    cell system,” <i>Fuel Cells</i>, vol. 7, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 159–164, 2007.
  ista: Büchi FN, Freunberger SA, Reum M, Paganelli G, Tsukada A, Dietrich P, Delfino
    A. 2007. On the efficiency of an advanced automotive fuel cell system. Fuel Cells.
    7(2), 159–164.
  mla: Büchi, F. N., et al. “On the Efficiency of an Advanced Automotive Fuel Cell
    System.” <i>Fuel Cells</i>, vol. 7, no. 2, Wiley, 2007, pp. 159–64, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500257">10.1002/fuce.200500257</a>.
  short: F.N. Büchi, S.A. Freunberger, M. Reum, G. Paganelli, A. Tsukada, P. Dietrich,
    A. Delfino, Fuel Cells 7 (2007) 159–164.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:22:20Z
date_published: 2007-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:04Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/fuce.200500257
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 159-164
publication: Fuel Cells
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1615-6846
  - 1615-6854
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
status: public
title: On the efficiency of an advanced automotive fuel cell system
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2007'
...
---
_id: '7333'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The analysis of the complete H2/air polymer electrolyte fuel cell system shows
    that process air humidification is one of the biggest obstacles for a high performance
    portable system in the kW range. Therefore, a new concept, with passive process
    air humidification integrated into the stack, has been developed. Humidification
    in each cell makes the process independent from the number of cells and the operation
    mode, thus making the concept fully scalable. Without external humidification
    the system is simpler, smaller, and cheaper. The humidification of the process
    air is achieved by transfer of product water from the exhaust air, through part
    of the membrane, to the dry intake air. Tests have shown that cells using the
    concept of internal humidification and operated with dry air at 70 ° have almost
    the same performance as when operated with external humidification. A 42‐cell
    stack with this internal humidification concept was built and integrated into
    a portable 1 kW power generator system.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Santis, M.
  last_name: Santis
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Schmid, D.
  last_name: Schmid
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Ruge, M.
  last_name: Ruge
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: F.N.
  full_name: Büchi, F.N.
  last_name: Büchi
citation:
  ama: Santis M, Schmid D, Ruge M, Freunberger SA, Büchi FN. Modular stack-internal
    air humidification concept-verification in a 1 kW stack. <i>Fuel Cells</i>. 2004;4(3):214-218.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200400028">10.1002/fuce.200400028</a>
  apa: Santis, M., Schmid, D., Ruge, M., Freunberger, S. A., &#38; Büchi, F. N. (2004).
    Modular stack-internal air humidification concept-verification in a 1 kW stack.
    <i>Fuel Cells</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200400028">https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200400028</a>
  chicago: Santis, M., D. Schmid, M. Ruge, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, and F.N.
    Büchi. “Modular Stack-Internal Air Humidification Concept-Verification in a 1 KW
    Stack.” <i>Fuel Cells</i>. Wiley, 2004. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200400028">https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200400028</a>.
  ieee: M. Santis, D. Schmid, M. Ruge, S. A. Freunberger, and F. N. Büchi, “Modular
    stack-internal air humidification concept-verification in a 1 kW stack,” <i>Fuel
    Cells</i>, vol. 4, no. 3. Wiley, pp. 214–218, 2004.
  ista: Santis M, Schmid D, Ruge M, Freunberger SA, Büchi FN. 2004. Modular stack-internal
    air humidification concept-verification in a 1 kW stack. Fuel Cells. 4(3), 214–218.
  mla: Santis, M., et al. “Modular Stack-Internal Air Humidification Concept-Verification
    in a 1 KW Stack.” <i>Fuel Cells</i>, vol. 4, no. 3, Wiley, 2004, pp. 214–18, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200400028">10.1002/fuce.200400028</a>.
  short: M. Santis, D. Schmid, M. Ruge, S.A. Freunberger, F.N. Büchi, Fuel Cells 4
    (2004) 214–218.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:24:14Z
date_published: 2004-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:13:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/fuce.200400028
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         4'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 214-218
publication: Fuel Cells
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1615-6846
  - 1615-6854
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Modular stack-internal air humidification concept-verification in a 1 kW stack
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 4
year: '2004'
...