@article{7283,
  abstract     = {Potassium–air batteries, which suffer from oxygen cathode and potassium metal anode degradation, can be cycled thousands of times when an organic anode replaces the metal.},
  author       = {Petit, Yann K. and Freunberger, Stefan Alexander},
  issn         = {1476-1122},
  journal      = {Nature Materials},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {301--302},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Thousands of cycles}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8},
  volume       = {18},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{7279,
  abstract     = {Kinetics of electrochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude slower in solids than in liquids as a result of the much lower ion diffusivity. Yet, the solid state maximizes the density of redox species, which is at least two orders of magnitude lower in liquids because of solubility limitations. With regard to electrochemical energy storage devices, this leads to high-energy batteries with limited power and high-power supercapacitors with a well-known energy deficiency. For such devices the ideal system should endow the liquid state with a density of redox species close to the solid state. Here we report an approach based on biredox ionic liquids to achieve bulk-like redox density at liquid-like fast kinetics. The cation and anion of these biredox ionic liquids bear moieties that undergo very fast reversible redox reactions. As a first demonstration of their potential for high-capacity/high-rate charge storage, we used them in redox supercapacitors. These ionic liquids are able to decouple charge storage from an ion-accessible electrode surface, by storing significant charge in the pores of the electrodes, to minimize self-discharge and leakage current as a result of retaining the redox species in the pores, and to raise working voltage due to their wide electrochemical window.},
  author       = {Mourad, Eléonore and Coustan, Laura and Lannelongue, Pierre and Zigah, Dodzi and Mehdi, Ahmad and Vioux, André and Freunberger, Stefan Alexander and Favier, Frédéric and Fontaine, Olivier},
  issn         = {1476-1122},
  journal      = {Nature Materials},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {446--453},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors}},
  doi          = {10.1038/nmat4808},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2016},
}

@article{7306,
  abstract     = {Rechargeable lithium–air (O2) batteries are receiving intense interest because their high theoretical specific energy exceeds that of lithium-ion batteries. If the Li–O2 battery is ever to succeed, highly reversible formation/decomposition of Li2O2 must take place at the cathode on cycling. However, carbon, used ubiquitously as the basis of the cathode, decomposes during Li2O2 oxidation on charge and actively promotes electrolyte decomposition on cycling. Replacing carbon with a nanoporous gold cathode, when in contact with a dimethyl sulphoxide-based electrolyte, does seem to demonstrate better stability. However, nanoporous gold is not a suitable cathode; its high mass destroys the key advantage of Li–O2 over Li ion (specific energy), it is too expensive and too difficult to fabricate. Identifying a suitable cathode material for the Li–O2 cell is one of the greatest challenges at present. Here we show that a TiC-based cathode reduces greatly side reactions (arising from the electrolyte and electrode degradation) compared with carbon and exhibits better reversible formation/decomposition of Li2O2 even than nanoporous gold (>98% capacity retention after 100 cycles, compared with 95% for nanoporous gold); it is also four times lighter, of lower cost and easier to fabricate. The stability may originate from the presence of TiO2 (along with some TiOC) on the surface of TiC. In contrast to carbon or nanoporous gold, TiC seems to represent a more viable, stable, cathode for aprotic Li–O2 cells.},
  author       = {Ottakam Thotiyl, Muhammed M. and Freunberger, Stefan Alexander and Peng, Zhangquan and Chen, Yuhui and Liu, Zheng and Bruce, Peter G.},
  issn         = {1476-1122},
  journal      = {Nature Materials},
  number       = {11},
  pages        = {1050--1056},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{A stable cathode for the aprotic Li–O2 battery}},
  doi          = {10.1038/nmat3737},
  volume       = {12},
  year         = {2013},
}

@article{7313,
  abstract     = {Li-ion batteries have transformed portable electronics and will play a key role in the electrification of transport. However, the highest energy storage possible for Li-ion batteries is insufficient for the long-term needs of society, for example, extended-range electric vehicles. To go beyond the horizon of Li-ion batteries is a formidable challenge; there are few options. Here we consider two: Li–air (O2) and Li–S. The energy that can be stored in Li–air (based on aqueous or non-aqueous electrolytes) and Li–S cells is compared with Li-ion; the operation of the cells is discussed, as are the significant hurdles that will have to be overcome if such batteries are to succeed. Fundamental scientific advances in understanding the reactions occurring in the cells as well as new materials are key to overcoming these obstacles. The potential benefits of Li–air and Li–S justify the continued research effort that will be needed.},
  author       = {Bruce, Peter G. and Freunberger, Stefan Alexander and Hardwick, Laurence J. and Tarascon, Jean-Marie},
  issn         = {1476-1122},
  journal      = {Nature Materials},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {19--29},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Li–O2 and Li–S batteries with high energy storage}},
  doi          = {10.1038/nmat3191},
  volume       = {11},
  year         = {2011},
}