---
_id: '12085'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Molecular catch bonds are ubiquitous in biology and essential for processes
    like leucocyte extravasion1 and cellular mechanosensing2. Unlike normal (slip)
    bonds, catch bonds strengthen under tension. The current paradigm is that this
    feature provides ‘strength on demand3’, thus enabling cells to increase rigidity
    under stress1,4,5,6. However, catch bonds are often weaker than slip bonds because
    they have cryptic binding sites that are usually buried7,8. Here we show that
    catch bonds render reconstituted cytoskeletal actin networks stronger than slip
    bonds, even though the individual bonds are weaker. Simulations show that slip
    bonds remain trapped in stress-free areas, whereas weak binding allows catch bonds
    to mitigate crack initiation by moving to high-tension areas. This ‘dissociation
    on demand’ explains how cells combine mechanical strength with the adaptability
    required for shape change, and is relevant to diseases where catch bonding is
    compromised7,9, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis10 caused by the α-actinin-4
    mutant studied here. We surmise that catch bonds are the key to create life-like
    materials.
acknowledgement: 'We thank M. van Hecke and C. Alkemade for critical reading of the
  manuscript. We thank P. R. ten Wolde, K. Storm, W. Ellenbroek, C. Broedersz, D.
  Brueckner and M. Berger for fruitful discussions. We thank W. Brieher and V. Tang
  from the University of Illinois for the kind gift of purified α-actinin-4 (WT and
  the K255E point mutant) and their plasmids; M. Kuit-Vinkenoog and J. den Haan for
  actin and further purification of α-actinin-4; A. Goutou and I. Isturiz-Petitjean
  for co-sedimentation measurements and V. Sunderlíková for the design, mutagenesis,
  cloning and purifying of the α-actinin-4 constructs used in the single-molecule
  experiments. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following sources:
  research program of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (S.J.T.,
  A.R. and M.J.A.); ERC Starting Grant (335672-MINICELL) (G.H.K. and Y.M.). ‘BaSyC—Building
  a Synthetic Cell’ Gravitation grant (024.003.019) of the Netherlands Ministry of
  Education, Culture and Science (OCW) and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific
  Research (G.H.K. and L.B.); and support from the National Institutes of Health (1R01GM126256)
  (T.K. and W.J.).'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yuval
  full_name: Mulla, Yuval
  last_name: Mulla
- first_name: Mario
  full_name: Avellaneda Sarrió, Mario
  id: DC4BA84C-56E6-11EA-AD5D-348C3DDC885E
  last_name: Avellaneda Sarrió
  orcid: 0000-0001-6406-524X
- first_name: Antoine
  full_name: Roland, Antoine
  last_name: Roland
- first_name: Lucia
  full_name: Baldauf, Lucia
  last_name: Baldauf
- first_name: Wonyeong
  full_name: Jung, Wonyeong
  last_name: Jung
- first_name: Taeyoon
  full_name: Kim, Taeyoon
  last_name: Kim
- first_name: Sander J.
  full_name: Tans, Sander J.
  last_name: Tans
- first_name: Gijsje H.
  full_name: Koenderink, Gijsje H.
  last_name: Koenderink
citation:
  ama: Mulla Y, Avellaneda Sarrió M, Roland A, et al. Weak catch bonds make strong
    networks. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2022;21(9):1019-1023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0">10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0</a>
  apa: Mulla, Y., Avellaneda Sarrió, M., Roland, A., Baldauf, L., Jung, W., Kim, T.,
    … Koenderink, G. H. (2022). Weak catch bonds make strong networks. <i>Nature Materials</i>.
    Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0</a>
  chicago: Mulla, Yuval, Mario Avellaneda Sarrió, Antoine Roland, Lucia Baldauf, Wonyeong
    Jung, Taeyoon Kim, Sander J. Tans, and Gijsje H. Koenderink. “Weak Catch Bonds
    Make Strong Networks.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0</a>.
  ieee: Y. Mulla <i>et al.</i>, “Weak catch bonds make strong networks,” <i>Nature
    Materials</i>, vol. 21, no. 9. Springer Nature, pp. 1019–1023, 2022.
  ista: Mulla Y, Avellaneda Sarrió M, Roland A, Baldauf L, Jung W, Kim T, Tans SJ,
    Koenderink GH. 2022. Weak catch bonds make strong networks. Nature Materials.
    21(9), 1019–1023.
  mla: Mulla, Yuval, et al. “Weak Catch Bonds Make Strong Networks.” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 21, no. 9, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 1019–23, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0">10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0</a>.
  short: Y. Mulla, M. Avellaneda Sarrió, A. Roland, L. Baldauf, W. Jung, T. Kim, S.J.
    Tans, G.H. Koenderink, Nature Materials 21 (2022) 1019–1023.
date_created: 2022-09-11T22:01:57Z
date_published: 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-03T14:08:47Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: MiSi
doi: 10.1038/s41563-022-01288-0
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000844592000002'
  pmid:
  - '36008604'
intvolume: '        21'
isi: 1
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.27.219618
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1019-1023
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4660
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Weak catch bonds make strong networks
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 21
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '8909'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Spin qubits are considered to be among the most promising candidates for building
    a quantum processor. Group IV hole spin qubits have moved into the focus of interest
    due to the ease of operation and compatibility with Si technology. In addition,
    Ge offers the option for monolithic superconductor-semiconductor integration.
    Here we demonstrate a hole spin qubit operating at fields below 10 mT, the critical
    field of Al, by exploiting the large out-of-plane hole g-factors in planar Ge
    and by encoding the qubit into the singlet-triplet states of a double quantum
    dot. We observe electrically controlled X and Z-rotations with tunable frequencies
    exceeding 100 MHz and dephasing times of 1μs which we extend beyond 15μs with
    echo techniques. These results show that Ge hole singlet triplet qubits outperform
    their electronic Si and GaAs based counterparts in speed and coherence, respectively.
    In addition, they are on par with Ge single spin qubits, but can be operated at
    much lower fields underlining their potential for on chip integration with superconducting
    technologies.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of Institute
  of Science and Technology (IST) Austria through resources provided by the Miba Machine
  Shop and the nanofabrication facility, and was made possible with the support of
  the NOMIS Foundation. This project has received funding from the European Union’s
  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant
  agreements no. 844511 and no. 75441, and by the Austrian Science Fund FWF-P 30207
  project. A.B. acknowledges support from the European Union Horizon 2020 FET project
  microSPIRE, no. 766955. M. Botifoll and J.A. acknowledge funding from Generalitat
  de Catalunya 2017 SGR 327. The Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  (ICN2) is supported by the Severo Ochoa programme from the Spanish Ministery of
  Economy (MINECO) (grant no. SEV-2017-0706) and is funded by the Catalonian Research
  Centre (CERCA) Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has
  been performed within the framework of the Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Materials
  Science PhD programme. Part of the HAADF scanning transmission electron microscopy
  was conducted in the Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas at Instituto de Nanociencia
  de Aragon, Universidad de Zaragoza. ICN2 acknowledge support from the Spanish Superior
  Council of Scientific Research (CSIC) Research Platform on Quantum Technologies
  PTI-001. M.B. acknowledges funding from the Catalan Agency for Management of University
  and Research Grants (AGAUR) Generalitat de Catalunya formation of investigators
  (FI) PhD grant.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: Andrea C
  full_name: Hofmann, Andrea C
  id: 340F461A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hofmann
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Ballabio, Andrea
  last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: Philipp M.
  full_name: Mutter, Philipp M.
  last_name: Mutter
- first_name: Giulio
  full_name: Tavani, Giulio
  last_name: Tavani
- first_name: Marc
  full_name: Botifoll, Marc
  last_name: Botifoll
- first_name: Alessandro
  full_name: Crippa, Alessandro
  id: 1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425
  last_name: Crippa
  orcid: 0000-0002-2968-611X
- first_name: Josip
  full_name: Kukucka, Josip
  id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kukucka
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Sagi, Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
  last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Frederico
  full_name: Martins, Frederico
  id: 38F80F9A-1CB8-11EA-BC76-B49B3DDC885E
  last_name: Martins
  orcid: 0000-0003-2668-2401
- first_name: Jaime
  full_name: Saez Mollejo, Jaime
  id: e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714
  last_name: Saez Mollejo
- first_name: Ivan
  full_name: Prieto Gonzalez, Ivan
  id: 2A307FE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Prieto Gonzalez
  orcid: 0000-0002-7370-5357
- first_name: Maksim
  full_name: Borovkov, Maksim
  id: 2ac7a0a2-3562-11eb-9256-fbd18ea55087
  last_name: Borovkov
- first_name: Jordi
  full_name: Arbiol, Jordi
  last_name: Arbiol
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
  ama: Jirovec D, Hofmann AC, Ballabio A, et al. A singlet triplet hole spin qubit
    in planar Ge. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2021;20(8):1106–1112. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2">10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2</a>
  apa: Jirovec, D., Hofmann, A. C., Ballabio, A., Mutter, P. M., Tavani, G., Botifoll,
    M., … Katsaros, G. (2021). A singlet triplet hole spin qubit in planar Ge. <i>Nature
    Materials</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2</a>
  chicago: Jirovec, Daniel, Andrea C Hofmann, Andrea Ballabio, Philipp M. Mutter,
    Giulio Tavani, Marc Botifoll, Alessandro Crippa, et al. “A Singlet Triplet Hole
    Spin Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2</a>.
  ieee: D. Jirovec <i>et al.</i>, “A singlet triplet hole spin qubit in planar Ge,”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 20, no. 8. Springer Nature, pp. 1106–1112, 2021.
  ista: Jirovec D, Hofmann AC, Ballabio A, Mutter PM, Tavani G, Botifoll M, Crippa
    A, Kukucka J, Sagi O, Martins F, Saez Mollejo J, Prieto Gonzalez I, Borovkov M,
    Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. 2021. A singlet triplet hole spin
    qubit in planar Ge. Nature Materials. 20(8), 1106–1112.
  mla: Jirovec, Daniel, et al. “A Singlet Triplet Hole Spin Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature
    Materials</i>, vol. 20, no. 8, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 1106–1112, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2">10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2</a>.
  short: D. Jirovec, A.C. Hofmann, A. Ballabio, P.M. Mutter, G. Tavani, M. Botifoll,
    A. Crippa, J. Kukucka, O. Sagi, F. Martins, J. Saez Mollejo, I. Prieto Gonzalez,
    M. Borovkov, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, Nature Materials
    20 (2021) 1106–1112.
date_created: 2020-12-02T10:50:47Z
date_published: 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:14Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1038/s41563-021-01022-2
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2011.13755'
  isi:
  - '000657596400001'
intvolume: '        20'
isi: 1
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.13755
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1106–1112
project:
- _id: 26A151DA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '844511'
  name: Majorana bound states in Ge/SiGe heterostructures
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: 2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P30207
  name: Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells
- _id: 262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  name: Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4660
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/quantum-computing-with-holes/
  record:
  - id: '9323'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
  - id: '10058'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A singlet triplet hole spin qubit in planar Ge
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 20
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '7283'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Potassium–air batteries, which suffer from oxygen cathode and potassium metal
    anode degradation, can be cycled thousands of times when an organic anode replaces
    the metal.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Yann K.
  full_name: Petit, Yann K.
  last_name: Petit
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
citation:
  ama: Petit YK, Freunberger SA. Thousands of cycles. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2019;18(4):301-302.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8">10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8</a>
  apa: Petit, Y. K., &#38; Freunberger, S. A. (2019). Thousands of cycles. <i>Nature
    Materials</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8</a>
  chicago: Petit, Yann K., and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “Thousands of Cycles.”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8</a>.
  ieee: Y. K. Petit and S. A. Freunberger, “Thousands of cycles,” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 18, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 301–302, 2019.
  ista: Petit YK, Freunberger SA. 2019. Thousands of cycles. Nature Materials. 18(4),
    301–302.
  mla: Petit, Yann K., and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “Thousands of Cycles.” <i>Nature
    Materials</i>, vol. 18, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 301–02, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8">10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8</a>.
  short: Y.K. Petit, S.A. Freunberger, Nature Materials 18 (2019) 301–302.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:13:05Z
date_published: 2019-03-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:45Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '540'
- '541'
doi: 10.1038/s41563-019-0313-8
extern: '1'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 4c9a0314327028a22dd902bc109b8798
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: sfreunbe
  date_created: 2020-06-29T16:26:54Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:55Z
  file_id: '8059'
  file_name: NaV_final.pdf
  file_size: 398123
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:55Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        18'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 301-302
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
  - 1476-4660
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Thousands of cycles
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 18
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14309'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Establishing precise control over the shape and the interactions of the microscopic
    building blocks is essential for design of macroscopic soft materials with novel
    structural, optical and mechanical properties. Here, we demonstrate robust assembly
    of DNA origami filaments into cholesteric liquid crystals, one-dimensional supramolecular
    twisted ribbons and two-dimensional colloidal membranes. The exquisite control
    afforded by the DNA origami technology establishes a quantitative relationship
    between the microscopic filament structure and the macroscopic cholesteric pitch.
    Furthermore, it also enables robust assembly of one-dimensional twisted ribbons,
    which behave as effective supramolecular polymers whose structure and elastic
    properties can be precisely tuned by controlling the geometry of the elemental
    building blocks. Our results demonstrate the potential synergy between DNA origami
    technology and colloidal science, in which the former allows for rapid and robust
    synthesis of complex particles, and the latter can be used to assemble such particles
    into bulk materials.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: M
  full_name: Siavashpouri, M
  last_name: Siavashpouri
- first_name: CH
  full_name: Wachauf, CH
  last_name: Wachauf
- first_name: MJ
  full_name: Zakhary, MJ
  last_name: Zakhary
- first_name: Florian M
  full_name: Praetorius, Florian M
  id: dfec9381-4341-11ee-8fd8-faa02bba7d62
  last_name: Praetorius
- first_name: H
  full_name: Dietz, H
  last_name: Dietz
- first_name: Z
  full_name: Dogic, Z
  last_name: Dogic
citation:
  ama: Siavashpouri M, Wachauf C, Zakhary M, Praetorius FM, Dietz H, Dogic Z. Molecular
    engineering of chiral colloidal liquid crystals using DNA origami. <i>Nature Materials</i>.
    2017;16(8):849-856. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4909">10.1038/nmat4909</a>
  apa: Siavashpouri, M., Wachauf, C., Zakhary, M., Praetorius, F. M., Dietz, H., &#38;
    Dogic, Z. (2017). Molecular engineering of chiral colloidal liquid crystals using
    DNA origami. <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4909">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4909</a>
  chicago: Siavashpouri, M, CH Wachauf, MJ Zakhary, Florian M Praetorius, H Dietz,
    and Z Dogic. “Molecular Engineering of Chiral Colloidal Liquid Crystals Using
    DNA Origami.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4909">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4909</a>.
  ieee: M. Siavashpouri, C. Wachauf, M. Zakhary, F. M. Praetorius, H. Dietz, and Z.
    Dogic, “Molecular engineering of chiral colloidal liquid crystals using DNA origami,”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 16, no. 8. Springer Nature, pp. 849–856, 2017.
  ista: Siavashpouri M, Wachauf C, Zakhary M, Praetorius FM, Dietz H, Dogic Z. 2017.
    Molecular engineering of chiral colloidal liquid crystals using DNA origami. Nature
    Materials. 16(8), 849–856.
  mla: Siavashpouri, M., et al. “Molecular Engineering of Chiral Colloidal Liquid
    Crystals Using DNA Origami.” <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 16, no. 8, Springer
    Nature, 2017, pp. 849–56, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4909">10.1038/nmat4909</a>.
  short: M. Siavashpouri, C. Wachauf, M. Zakhary, F.M. Praetorius, H. Dietz, Z. Dogic,
    Nature Materials 16 (2017) 849–856.
date_created: 2023-09-06T13:37:27Z
date_published: 2017-05-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-11-07T11:40:00Z
day: '22'
doi: 10.1038/nmat4909
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1705.08944'
  pmid:
  - '28530665'
intvolume: '        16'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: ' https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1705.08944'
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 849-856
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4660
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Molecular engineering of chiral colloidal liquid crystals using DNA origami
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '7279'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Kinetics of electrochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude slower
    in solids than in liquids as a result of the much lower ion diffusivity. Yet,
    the solid state maximizes the density of redox species, which is at least two
    orders of magnitude lower in liquids because of solubility limitations. With regard
    to electrochemical energy storage devices, this leads to high-energy batteries
    with limited power and high-power supercapacitors with a well-known energy deficiency.
    For such devices the ideal system should endow the liquid state with a density
    of redox species close to the solid state. Here we report an approach based on
    biredox ionic liquids to achieve bulk-like redox density at liquid-like fast kinetics.
    The cation and anion of these biredox ionic liquids bear moieties that undergo
    very fast reversible redox reactions. As a first demonstration of their potential
    for high-capacity/high-rate charge storage, we used them in redox supercapacitors.
    These ionic liquids are able to decouple charge storage from an ion-accessible
    electrode surface, by storing significant charge in the pores of the electrodes,
    to minimize self-discharge and leakage current as a result of retaining the redox
    species in the pores, and to raise working voltage due to their wide electrochemical
    window.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Eléonore
  full_name: Mourad, Eléonore
  last_name: Mourad
- first_name: Laura
  full_name: Coustan, Laura
  last_name: Coustan
- first_name: Pierre
  full_name: Lannelongue, Pierre
  last_name: Lannelongue
- first_name: Dodzi
  full_name: Zigah, Dodzi
  last_name: Zigah
- first_name: Ahmad
  full_name: Mehdi, Ahmad
  last_name: Mehdi
- first_name: André
  full_name: Vioux, André
  last_name: Vioux
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Frédéric
  full_name: Favier, Frédéric
  last_name: Favier
- first_name: Olivier
  full_name: Fontaine, Olivier
  last_name: Fontaine
citation:
  ama: Mourad E, Coustan L, Lannelongue P, et al. Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like
    redox density in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. <i>Nature Materials</i>.
    2016;16(4):446-453. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">10.1038/nmat4808</a>
  apa: Mourad, E., Coustan, L., Lannelongue, P., Zigah, D., Mehdi, A., Vioux, A.,
    … Fontaine, O. (2016). Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in
    the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer
    Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808</a>
  chicago: Mourad, Eléonore, Laura Coustan, Pierre Lannelongue, Dodzi Zigah, Ahmad
    Mehdi, André Vioux, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Frédéric Favier, and Olivier
    Fontaine. “Biredox Ionic Liquids with Solid-like Redox Density in the Liquid State
    for High-Energy Supercapacitors.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2016.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808</a>.
  ieee: E. Mourad <i>et al.</i>, “Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density
    in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors,” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 16, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 446–453, 2016.
  ista: Mourad E, Coustan L, Lannelongue P, Zigah D, Mehdi A, Vioux A, Freunberger
    SA, Favier F, Fontaine O. 2016. Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density
    in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. Nature Materials. 16(4),
    446–453.
  mla: Mourad, Eléonore, et al. “Biredox Ionic Liquids with Solid-like Redox Density
    in the Liquid State for High-Energy Supercapacitors.” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 16, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2016, pp. 446–53, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4808">10.1038/nmat4808</a>.
  short: E. Mourad, L. Coustan, P. Lannelongue, D. Zigah, A. Mehdi, A. Vioux, S.A.
    Freunberger, F. Favier, O. Fontaine, Nature Materials 16 (2016) 446–453.
date_created: 2020-01-15T07:27:54Z
date_published: 2016-11-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:43Z
day: '28'
doi: 10.1038/nmat4808
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1711.11518'
intvolume: '        16'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.11518
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 446-453
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
  - 1476-4660
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in the liquid state for
  high-energy supercapacitors
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '7306'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Rechargeable lithium–air (O2) batteries are receiving intense interest because
    their high theoretical specific energy exceeds that of lithium-ion batteries.
    If the Li–O2 battery is ever to succeed, highly reversible formation/decomposition
    of Li2O2 must take place at the cathode on cycling. However, carbon, used ubiquitously
    as the basis of the cathode, decomposes during Li2O2 oxidation on charge and actively
    promotes electrolyte decomposition on cycling. Replacing carbon with a nanoporous
    gold cathode, when in contact with a dimethyl sulphoxide-based electrolyte, does
    seem to demonstrate better stability. However, nanoporous gold is not a suitable
    cathode; its high mass destroys the key advantage of Li–O2 over Li ion (specific
    energy), it is too expensive and too difficult to fabricate. Identifying a suitable
    cathode material for the Li–O2 cell is one of the greatest challenges at present.
    Here we show that a TiC-based cathode reduces greatly side reactions (arising
    from the electrolyte and electrode degradation) compared with carbon and exhibits
    better reversible formation/decomposition of Li2O2 even than nanoporous gold (>98%
    capacity retention after 100 cycles, compared with 95% for nanoporous gold); it
    is also four times lighter, of lower cost and easier to fabricate. The stability
    may originate from the presence of TiO2 (along with some TiOC) on the surface
    of TiC. In contrast to carbon or nanoporous gold, TiC seems to represent a more
    viable, stable, cathode for aprotic Li–O2 cells.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Muhammed M.
  full_name: Ottakam Thotiyl, Muhammed M.
  last_name: Ottakam Thotiyl
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Zhangquan
  full_name: Peng, Zhangquan
  last_name: Peng
- first_name: Yuhui
  full_name: Chen, Yuhui
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Zheng
  full_name: Liu, Zheng
  last_name: Liu
- first_name: Peter G.
  full_name: Bruce, Peter G.
  last_name: Bruce
citation:
  ama: Ottakam Thotiyl MM, Freunberger SA, Peng Z, Chen Y, Liu Z, Bruce PG. A stable
    cathode for the aprotic Li–O2 battery. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2013;12(11):1050-1056.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3737">10.1038/nmat3737</a>
  apa: Ottakam Thotiyl, M. M., Freunberger, S. A., Peng, Z., Chen, Y., Liu, Z., &#38;
    Bruce, P. G. (2013). A stable cathode for the aprotic Li–O2 battery. <i>Nature
    Materials</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3737">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3737</a>
  chicago: Ottakam Thotiyl, Muhammed M., Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Zhangquan Peng,
    Yuhui Chen, Zheng Liu, and Peter G. Bruce. “A Stable Cathode for the Aprotic Li–O2 Battery.”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3737">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3737</a>.
  ieee: M. M. Ottakam Thotiyl, S. A. Freunberger, Z. Peng, Y. Chen, Z. Liu, and P.
    G. Bruce, “A stable cathode for the aprotic Li–O2 battery,” <i>Nature Materials</i>,
    vol. 12, no. 11. Springer Nature, pp. 1050–1056, 2013.
  ista: Ottakam Thotiyl MM, Freunberger SA, Peng Z, Chen Y, Liu Z, Bruce PG. 2013.
    A stable cathode for the aprotic Li–O2 battery. Nature Materials. 12(11), 1050–1056.
  mla: Ottakam Thotiyl, Muhammed M., et al. “A Stable Cathode for the Aprotic Li–O2 Battery.”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 12, no. 11, Springer Nature, 2013, pp. 1050–56,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3737">10.1038/nmat3737</a>.
  short: M.M. Ottakam Thotiyl, S.A. Freunberger, Z. Peng, Y. Chen, Z. Liu, P.G. Bruce,
    Nature Materials 12 (2013) 1050–1056.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:18:29Z
date_published: 2013-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:55Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nmat3737
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        12'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 1050-1056
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
  - 1476-4660
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A stable cathode for the aprotic Li–O2 battery
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '7313'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Li-ion batteries have transformed portable electronics and will play a key
    role in the electrification of transport. However, the highest energy storage
    possible for Li-ion batteries is insufficient for the long-term needs of society,
    for example, extended-range electric vehicles. To go beyond the horizon of Li-ion
    batteries is a formidable challenge; there are few options. Here we consider two:
    Li–air (O2) and Li–S. The energy that can be stored in Li–air (based on aqueous
    or non-aqueous electrolytes) and Li–S cells is compared with Li-ion; the operation
    of the cells is discussed, as are the significant hurdles that will have to be
    overcome if such batteries are to succeed. Fundamental scientific advances in
    understanding the reactions occurring in the cells as well as new materials are
    key to overcoming these obstacles. The potential benefits of Li–air and Li–S justify
    the continued research effort that will be needed.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Peter G.
  full_name: Bruce, Peter G.
  last_name: Bruce
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Laurence J.
  full_name: Hardwick, Laurence J.
  last_name: Hardwick
- first_name: Jean-Marie
  full_name: Tarascon, Jean-Marie
  last_name: Tarascon
citation:
  ama: Bruce PG, Freunberger SA, Hardwick LJ, Tarascon J-M. Li–O2 and Li–S batteries
    with high energy storage. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2011;11(1):19-29. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191">10.1038/nmat3191</a>
  apa: Bruce, P. G., Freunberger, S. A., Hardwick, L. J., &#38; Tarascon, J.-M. (2011).
    Li–O2 and Li–S batteries with high energy storage. <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer
    Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191</a>
  chicago: Bruce, Peter G., Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Laurence J. Hardwick, and
    Jean-Marie Tarascon. “Li–O2 and Li–S Batteries with High Energy Storage.” <i>Nature
    Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2011. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191</a>.
  ieee: P. G. Bruce, S. A. Freunberger, L. J. Hardwick, and J.-M. Tarascon, “Li–O2
    and Li–S batteries with high energy storage,” <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 11,
    no. 1. Springer Nature, pp. 19–29, 2011.
  ista: Bruce PG, Freunberger SA, Hardwick LJ, Tarascon J-M. 2011. Li–O2 and Li–S
    batteries with high energy storage. Nature Materials. 11(1), 19–29.
  mla: Bruce, Peter G., et al. “Li–O2 and Li–S Batteries with High Energy Storage.”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 11, no. 1, Springer Nature, 2011, pp. 19–29, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191">10.1038/nmat3191</a>.
  short: P.G. Bruce, S.A. Freunberger, L.J. Hardwick, J.-M. Tarascon, Nature Materials
    11 (2011) 19–29.
date_created: 2020-01-15T12:20:01Z
date_published: 2011-12-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:12:59Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1038/nmat3191
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 19-29
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
  - 1476-4660
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: erratum
    url: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3237
status: public
title: Li–O2 and Li–S batteries with high energy storage
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 11
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '13435'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Micropatterning of surfaces with several chemicals at different spatial locations
    usually requires multiple stamping and registration steps. Here, we describe an
    experimental method based on reaction–diffusion phenomena that allows for simultaneous
    micropatterning of a substrate with several coloured chemicals. In this method,
    called wet stamping (WETS), aqueous solutions of two or more inorganic salts are
    delivered onto a film of dry, ionically doped gelatin from an agarose stamp patterned
    in bas relief. Once in conformal contact, these salts diffuse into the gelatin,
    where they react to give deeply coloured precipitates. Separation of colours in
    the plane of the surface is the consequence of the differences in the diffusion
    coefficients, the solubility products, and the amounts of different salts delivered
    from the stamp, and is faithfully reproduced by a theoretical model based on a
    system of reaction–diffusion partial differential equations. The multicolour micropatterns
    are useful as non-binary optical elements, and could potentially form the basis
    of new applications in microseparations and in controlled delivery.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Rafal
  full_name: Klajn, Rafal
  id: 8e84690e-1e48-11ed-a02b-a1e6fb8bb53b
  last_name: Klajn
- first_name: Marcin
  full_name: Fialkowski, Marcin
  last_name: Fialkowski
- first_name: Igor T.
  full_name: Bensemann, Igor T.
  last_name: Bensemann
- first_name: Agnieszka
  full_name: Bitner, Agnieszka
  last_name: Bitner
- first_name: C. J.
  full_name: Campbell, C. J.
  last_name: Campbell
- first_name: Kyle
  full_name: Bishop, Kyle
  last_name: Bishop
- first_name: Stoyan
  full_name: Smoukov, Stoyan
  last_name: Smoukov
- first_name: Bartosz A.
  full_name: Grzybowski, Bartosz A.
  last_name: Grzybowski
citation:
  ama: Klajn R, Fialkowski M, Bensemann IT, et al. Multicolour micropatterning of
    thin films of dry gels. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2004;3:729-735. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1231">10.1038/nmat1231</a>
  apa: Klajn, R., Fialkowski, M., Bensemann, I. T., Bitner, A., Campbell, C. J., Bishop,
    K., … Grzybowski, B. A. (2004). Multicolour micropatterning of thin films of dry
    gels. <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1231">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1231</a>
  chicago: Klajn, Rafal, Marcin Fialkowski, Igor T. Bensemann, Agnieszka Bitner, C.
    J. Campbell, Kyle Bishop, Stoyan Smoukov, and Bartosz A. Grzybowski. “Multicolour
    Micropatterning of Thin Films of Dry Gels.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer
    Nature, 2004. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1231">https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1231</a>.
  ieee: R. Klajn <i>et al.</i>, “Multicolour micropatterning of thin films of dry
    gels,” <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 3. Springer Nature, pp. 729–735, 2004.
  ista: Klajn R, Fialkowski M, Bensemann IT, Bitner A, Campbell CJ, Bishop K, Smoukov
    S, Grzybowski BA. 2004. Multicolour micropatterning of thin films of dry gels.
    Nature Materials. 3, 729–735.
  mla: Klajn, Rafal, et al. “Multicolour Micropatterning of Thin Films of Dry Gels.”
    <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 3, Springer Nature, 2004, pp. 729–35, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1231">10.1038/nmat1231</a>.
  short: R. Klajn, M. Fialkowski, I.T. Bensemann, A. Bitner, C.J. Campbell, K. Bishop,
    S. Smoukov, B.A. Grzybowski, Nature Materials 3 (2004) 729–735.
date_created: 2023-08-01T10:39:23Z
date_published: 2004-09-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T12:42:51Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.1038/nmat1231
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '15378052'
intvolume: '         3'
keyword:
- Mechanical Engineering
- Mechanics of Materials
- Condensed Matter Physics
- General Materials Science
- General Chemistry
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 729-735
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Materials
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4660
  issn:
  - 1476-1122
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Multicolour micropatterning of thin films of dry gels
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 3
year: '2004'
...