---
_id: '945'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: While chromosome-wide dosage compensation of the X chromosome has been found
    in many species, studies in ZW clades have indicated that compensation of the
    Z is more localized and/or incomplete. In the ZW Lepidoptera, some species show
    complete compensation of the Z chromosome, while others lack full equalization,
    but what drives these inconsistencies is unclear. Here, we compare patterns of
    male and female gene expression on the Z chromosome of two closely related butterfly
    species, Papilio xuthus and Papilio machaon, and in multiple tissues of two moths
    species, Plodia interpunctella and Bombyx mori, which were previously found to
    differ in the extent to which they equalize Z-linked gene expression between the
    sexes. We find that, while some species and tissues seem to have incomplete dosage
    compensation, this is in fact due to the accumulation of male-biased genes and
    the depletion of female-biased genes on the Z chromosome. Once this is accounted
    for, the Z chromosome is fully compensated in all four species, through the up-regulation
    of Z expression in females and in some cases additional down-regulation in males.
    We further find that both sex-biased genes and Z-linked genes have increased rates
    of expression divergence in this clade, and that this can lead to fast shifts
    in patterns of gene expression even between closely related species. Taken together,
    these results show that the uneven distribution of sex-biased genes on sex chromosomes
    can confound conclusions about dosage compensation and that Z chromosome-wide
    dosage compensation is not only possible but ubiquitous among Lepidoptera.
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
author:
- first_name: Ann K
  full_name: Huylmans, Ann K
  id: 4C0A3874-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Huylmans
  orcid: 0000-0001-8871-4961
- first_name: Ariana
  full_name: Macon, Ariana
  id: 2A0848E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Macon
- first_name: Beatriz
  full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz
  id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Vicoso
  orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306
citation:
  ama: Huylmans AK, Macon A, Vicoso B. Global dosage compensation is ubiquitous in
    Lepidoptera, but counteracted by the masculinization of the Z chromosome. <i>Molecular
    Biology and Evolution</i>. 2017;34(10):2637-2649. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx190">10.1093/molbev/msx190</a>
  apa: Huylmans, A. K., Macon, A., &#38; Vicoso, B. (2017). Global dosage compensation
    is ubiquitous in Lepidoptera, but counteracted by the masculinization of the Z
    chromosome. <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx190">https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx190</a>
  chicago: Huylmans, Ann K, Ariana Macon, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Global Dosage Compensation
    Is Ubiquitous in Lepidoptera, but Counteracted by the Masculinization of the Z
    Chromosome.” <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press,
    2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx190">https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx190</a>.
  ieee: A. K. Huylmans, A. Macon, and B. Vicoso, “Global dosage compensation is ubiquitous
    in Lepidoptera, but counteracted by the masculinization of the Z chromosome,”
    <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>, vol. 34, no. 10. Oxford University Press,
    pp. 2637–2649, 2017.
  ista: Huylmans AK, Macon A, Vicoso B. 2017. Global dosage compensation is ubiquitous
    in Lepidoptera, but counteracted by the masculinization of the Z chromosome. Molecular
    Biology and Evolution. 34(10), 2637–2649.
  mla: Huylmans, Ann K., et al. “Global Dosage Compensation Is Ubiquitous in Lepidoptera,
    but Counteracted by the Masculinization of the Z Chromosome.” <i>Molecular Biology
    and Evolution</i>, vol. 34, no. 10, Oxford University Press, 2017, pp. 2637–49,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx190">10.1093/molbev/msx190</a>.
  short: A.K. Huylmans, A. Macon, B. Vicoso, Molecular Biology and Evolution 34 (2017)
    2637–2649.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:20Z
date_published: 2017-07-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T15:36:34Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '570'
- '576'
department:
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.1093/molbev/msx190
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000411814800016'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 009fd68043211d645ceb9d1de28274f2
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:10:23Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:15Z
  file_id: '4810'
  file_name: IST-2017-848-v1+1_2017_Vicoso_GlobalDosage.pdf
  file_size: 462863
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        34'
isi: 1
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2637 - 2649
project:
- _id: 250ED89C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P28842-B22
  name: Sex chromosome evolution under male- and female- heterogamety
publication: Molecular Biology and Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - '07374038'
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
publist_id: '6472'
pubrep_id: '848'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Global dosage compensation is ubiquitous in Lepidoptera, but counteracted by
  the masculinization of the Z chromosome
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 34
year: '2017'
...