@article{13372,
  abstract     = {The capacity to respond or adapt to environmental changes is an intrinsic property of living systems that comprise highly-connected subcomponents communicating through chemical networks. The development of responsive synthetic systems is a relatively new research area that covers different disciplines, among which nanochemistry brings conceptually new demonstrations. Especially attractive are ligand-protected gold nanoparticles, which have been extensively used over the last decade as building blocks in constructing superlattices or dynamic aggregates, under the effect of an applied stimulus. To reflect the importance of surface chemistry and nanoparticle core composition in the dynamic self-assembly of nanoparticles, we provide here an overview of various available stimuli, as tools for synthetic chemists to exploit. Along with this task, the review starts with the use of chemical stimuli such as solvent, pH, gases, metal ions or biomolecules. It then focuses on physical stimuli: temperature, magnetic and electric fields, as well as light. To reflect on the increasing complexity of current architectures, we discuss systems that are responsive to more than one stimulus, to finally encourage further research by proposing future challenges.},
  author       = {Grzelczak, Marek and Liz-Marzán, Luis M. and Klajn, Rafal},
  issn         = {1460-4744},
  journal      = {Chemical Society Reviews},
  keywords     = {General Chemistry},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {1342--1361},
  publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  title        = {{Stimuli-responsive self-assembly of nanoparticles}},
  doi          = {10.1039/c8cs00787j},
  volume       = {48},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{13382,
  author       = {van Esch, Jan H. and Klajn, Rafal and Otto, Sijbren},
  issn         = {1460-4744},
  journal      = {Chemical Society Reviews},
  keywords     = {General Chemistry},
  number       = {18},
  pages        = {5474--5475},
  publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  title        = {{Chemical systems out of equilibrium}},
  doi          = {10.1039/c7cs90088k},
  volume       = {46},
  year         = {2017},
}

@article{374,
  abstract     = {The conversion of thermal energy to electricity and vice versa by means of solid state thermoelectric devices is extremely appealing. However, its cost-effectiveness is seriously hampered by the relatively high production cost and low efficiency of current thermoelectric materials and devices. To overcome present challenges and enable a successful deployment of thermoelectric systems in their wide application range, materials with significantly improved performance need to be developed. Nanostructuration can help in several ways to reach the very particular group of properties required to achieve high thermoelectric performances. Nanodomains inserted within a crystalline matrix can provide large charge carrier concentrations without strongly influencing their mobility, thus allowing to reach very high electrical conductivities. Nanostructured materials contain numerous grain boundaries that efficiently scatter mid- and long-wavelength phonons thus reducing the thermal conductivity. Furthermore, nanocrystalline domains can enhance the Seebeck coefficient by modifying the density of states and/or providing type- and energy-dependent charge carrier scattering. All these advantages can only be reached when engineering a complex type of material, nanocomposites, with exquisite control over structural and chemical parameters at multiple length scales. Since current conventional nanomaterial production technologies lack such level of control, alternative strategies need to be developed and adjusted to the specifics of the field. A particularly suitable approach to produce nanocomposites with unique level of control over their structural and compositional parameters is their bottom-up engineering from solution-processed nanoparticles. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art of this technology applied to the thermoelectric field, including the synthesis of nanoparticles of suitable materials with precisely engineered composition and surface chemistry, their combination and consolidation into nanostructured materials, the strategies to electronically dope such materials and the attempts to fabricate thermoelectric devices using nanoparticle-based nanopowders and inks.},
  author       = {Ortega, Silvia and Ibanez Sabate, Maria and Liu, Yu and Zhang, Yu and Kovalenko, Maksym and Cadavid, Doris and Cabot, Andreu},
  issn         = {1460-4744},
  journal      = {Chemical Society Reviews},
  number       = {12},
  pages        = {3510 -- 3528},
  publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  title        = {{Bottom up engineering of thermoelectric nanomaterials and devices from solution processed nanoparticle building blocks}},
  doi          = {10.1039/c6cs00567e},
  volume       = {46},
  year         = {2017},
}

@article{13404,
  abstract     = {In the past few years, spiropyran has emerged as the molecule-of-choice for the construction of novel dynamic materials. This unique molecular switch undergoes structural isomerisation in response to a variety of orthogonal stimuli, e.g. light, temperature, metal ions, redox potential, and mechanical stress. Incorporation of this switch onto macromolecular supports or inorganic scaffolds allows for the creation of robust dynamic materials. This review discusses the synthesis, switching conditions, and use of dynamic materials in which spiropyran has been attached to the surfaces of polymers, biomacromolecules, inorganic nanoparticles, as well as solid surfaces. The resulting materials show fascinating properties whereby the state of the switch intimately affects a multitude of useful properties of the support. The utility of the spiropyran switch will undoubtedly endow these materials with far-reaching applications in the near future.},
  author       = {Klajn, Rafal},
  issn         = {1460-4744},
  journal      = {Chemical Society Reviews},
  keywords     = {General Chemistry},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {148--184},
  publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  title        = {{Spiropyran-based dynamic materials}},
  doi          = {10.1039/c3cs60181a},
  volume       = {43},
  year         = {2014},
}

@article{13412,
  abstract     = {Nanoparticles (NPs) and molecular/supramolecular switches have attracted considerable interest during the past decade on account of their unique properties and prominent roles in the fields of organic chemistry and materials science. Materials derived from the combination of these two components are now emerging in the literature. This critical review evaluates materials which comprise NPs functionalised with well-defined self-assembled monolayers of molecular and supramolecular switches. We draw attention to the fact that immobilisation of switches on NPs does not, in general, hamper their switching ability, although it can impart new properties on the supporting particles. This premise leads us to the discussion of systems in which switching on the surfaces of NPs can be used to modulate reversibly a range of NP properties—optical, fluorescent, electrical, magnetic—as well as the controlled release of small molecules. Finally, we discuss examples in which molecular switches direct reversible self-assembly of NPs (308 references).},
  author       = {Klajn, Rafal and Stoddart, J. Fraser and Grzybowski, Bartosz A.},
  issn         = {1460-4744},
  journal      = {Chemical Society Reviews},
  keywords     = {General Chemistry},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {2203--2237},
  publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  title        = {{Nanoparticles functionalised with reversible molecular and supramolecular switches}},
  doi          = {10.1039/b920377j},
  volume       = {39},
  year         = {2010},
}