---
_id: '9010'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Availability of the essential macronutrient nitrogen in soil plays a critical
    role in plant growth, development, and impacts agricultural productivity. Plants
    have evolved different strategies for sensing and responding to heterogeneous
    nitrogen distribution. Modulation of root system architecture, including primary
    root growth and branching, is among the most essential plant adaptions to ensure
    adequate nitrogen acquisition. However, the immediate molecular pathways coordinating
    the adjustment of root growth in response to distinct nitrogen sources, such as
    nitrate or ammonium, are poorly understood. Here, we show that growth as manifested
    by cell division and elongation is synchronized by coordinated auxin flux between
    two adjacent outer tissue layers of the root. This coordination is achieved by
    nitrate‐dependent dephosphorylation of the PIN2 auxin efflux carrier at a previously
    uncharacterized phosphorylation site, leading to subsequent PIN2 lateralization
    and thereby regulating auxin flow between adjacent tissues. A dynamic computer
    model based on our experimental data successfully recapitulates experimental observations.
    Our study provides mechanistic insights broadening our understanding of root growth
    mechanisms in dynamic environments.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge Gergely Molnar for critical reading of the manuscript,
  Alexander Johnson for language editing and Yulija Salanenka for technical assistance.
  Work in the Benkova laboratory was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF01_I1774S)
  to KO, RA and EB. Work in the Benkova laboratory was supported by the Austrian Science
  Fund (FWF01_I1774S) to KO, RA and EB and by the DOC Fellowship Programme of the
  AustrianAcademy of Sciences (25008) to C.A. Work in the Wabnik laboratory was supported
  by the Programa de Atraccion de Talento 2017 (Comunidad deMadrid, 2017-T1/BIO-5654
  to K.W.), Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D from the Agencia
  Estatal de Investigacion of Spain (grantSEV-2016-0672 (2017-2021) to K.W. via the
  CBGP) and Programa Estatal de Generacion del Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico
  y Tecnologico del Sistema de I+D+I 2019 (PGC2018-093387-A-I00) from MICIU (to K.W.).
  M.M.was supported by a postdoctoral contract associated to SEV-2016-0672.We acknowledge
  the Bioimaging Facility in IST-Austria and the Advanced Microscopy Facility of the
  Vienna Bio Center Core Facilities, member of the Vienna Bio Center Austria, for
  use of the OMX v43D SIM microscope. AJ was supported by the Austrian Science Fund
  (FWF): I03630 to J.F'
article_number: e106862
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Krisztina
  full_name: Ötvös, Krisztina
  id: 29B901B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Ötvös
  orcid: 0000-0002-5503-4983
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Marconi, Marco
  last_name: Marconi
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Vega, Andrea
  last_name: Vega
- first_name: Jose
  full_name: O’Brien, Jose
  last_name: O’Brien
- first_name: Alexander J
  full_name: Johnson, Alexander J
  id: 46A62C3A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Johnson
  orcid: 0000-0002-2739-8843
- first_name: Rashed
  full_name: Abualia, Rashed
  id: 4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Abualia
  orcid: 0000-0002-9357-9415
- first_name: Livio
  full_name: Antonielli, Livio
  last_name: Antonielli
- first_name: Juan C
  full_name: Montesinos López, Juan C
  id: 310A8E3E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Montesinos López
  orcid: 0000-0001-9179-6099
- first_name: Yuzhou
  full_name: Zhang, Yuzhou
  id: 3B6137F2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0003-2627-6956
- first_name: Shutang
  full_name: Tan, Shutang
  id: 2DE75584-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Tan
  orcid: 0000-0002-0471-8285
- first_name: Candela
  full_name: Cuesta, Candela
  id: 33A3C818-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Cuesta
  orcid: 0000-0003-1923-2410
- first_name: Christina
  full_name: Artner, Christina
  id: 45DF286A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Artner
- first_name: Eleonore
  full_name: Bouguyon, Eleonore
  last_name: Bouguyon
- first_name: Alain
  full_name: Gojon, Alain
  last_name: Gojon
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Rodrigo A.
  full_name: Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.
  last_name: Gutiérrez
- first_name: Krzysztof T
  full_name: Wabnik, Krzysztof T
  id: 4DE369A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wabnik
  orcid: 0000-0001-7263-0560
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Benková, Eva
  id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Benková
  orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
  ama: Ötvös K, Marconi M, Vega A, et al. Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen
    source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. <i>EMBO Journal</i>. 2021;40(3).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862">10.15252/embj.2020106862</a>
  apa: Ötvös, K., Marconi, M., Vega, A., O’Brien, J., Johnson, A. J., Abualia, R.,
    … Benková, E. (2021). Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined
    regulation of polar auxin transport. <i>EMBO Journal</i>. Embo Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862">https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862</a>
  chicago: Ötvös, Krisztina, Marco Marconi, Andrea Vega, Jose O’Brien, Alexander J
    Johnson, Rashed Abualia, Livio Antonielli, et al. “Modulation of Plant Root Growth
    by Nitrogen Source-Defined Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport.” <i>EMBO Journal</i>.
    Embo Press, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862">https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862</a>.
  ieee: K. Ötvös <i>et al.</i>, “Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined
    regulation of polar auxin transport,” <i>EMBO Journal</i>, vol. 40, no. 3. Embo
    Press, 2021.
  ista: Ötvös K, Marconi M, Vega A, O’Brien J, Johnson AJ, Abualia R, Antonielli L,
    Montesinos López JC, Zhang Y, Tan S, Cuesta C, Artner C, Bouguyon E, Gojon A,
    Friml J, Gutiérrez RA, Wabnik KT, Benková E. 2021. Modulation of plant root growth
    by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal.
    40(3), e106862.
  mla: Ötvös, Krisztina, et al. “Modulation of Plant Root Growth by Nitrogen Source-Defined
    Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport.” <i>EMBO Journal</i>, vol. 40, no. 3, e106862,
    Embo Press, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862">10.15252/embj.2020106862</a>.
  short: K. Ötvös, M. Marconi, A. Vega, J. O’Brien, A.J. Johnson, R. Abualia, L. Antonielli,
    J.C. Montesinos López, Y. Zhang, S. Tan, C. Cuesta, C. Artner, E. Bouguyon, A.
    Gojon, J. Friml, R.A. Gutiérrez, K.T. Wabnik, E. Benková, EMBO Journal 40 (2021).
date_created: 2021-01-17T23:01:12Z
date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:22Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.15252/embj.2020106862
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000604645600001'
  pmid:
  - ' 33399250'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: dc55c900f3b061d6c2790b8813d759a3
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2021-02-11T12:28:29Z
  date_updated: 2021-02-11T12:28:29Z
  file_id: '9110'
  file_name: 2021_Embo_Otvos.pdf
  file_size: 2358617
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T12:28:29Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        40'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 2542D156-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: I 1774-B16
  name: Hormone cross-talk drives nutrient dependent plant development
- _id: 2685A872-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  name: Hormonal regulation of plant adaptive responses to environmental signals
- _id: 26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: I03630
  name: Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants
publication: EMBO Journal
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - '14602075'
  issn:
  - '02614189'
publication_status: published
publisher: Embo Press
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/a-plants-way-to-its-favorite-food/
  record:
  - id: '10303'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar
  auxin transport
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 40
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '7586'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: CLC chloride/proton exchangers may support acidification of endolysosomes
    and raise their luminal Cl− concentration. Disruption of endosomal ClC‐3 causes
    severe neurodegeneration. To assess the importance of ClC‐3 Cl−/H+ exchange, we
    now generate Clcn3unc/unc mice in which ClC‐3 is converted into a Cl− channel.
    Unlike Clcn3−/− mice, Clcn3unc/unc mice appear normal owing to compensation by
    ClC‐4 with which ClC‐3 forms heteromers. ClC‐4 protein levels are strongly reduced
    in Clcn3−/−, but not in Clcn3unc/unc mice because ClC‐3unc binds and stabilizes
    ClC‐4 like wild‐type ClC‐3. Although mice lacking ClC‐4 appear healthy, its absence
    in Clcn3unc/unc/Clcn4−/− mice entails even stronger neurodegeneration than observed
    in Clcn3−/− mice. A fraction of ClC‐3 is found on synaptic vesicles, but miniature
    postsynaptic currents and synaptic vesicle acidification are not affected in Clcn3unc/unc
    or Clcn3−/− mice before neurodegeneration sets in. Both, Cl−/H+‐exchange activity
    and the stabilizing effect on ClC‐4, are central to the biological function of
    ClC‐3.
acknowledgement: "We thank T. Stauber and T. Breiderhoff for cloning expression constructs;
  K. Räbel, S. Hohensee, and C. Backhaus for technical assistance; R. Jahn (MPIbpc,
  Göttingen) for providing the equipment required for SV purification; and A\r\nWoehler
  (MDC, Berlin) for assistance with SV imaging. Supported, in part, by grants from
  the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (JE164/9-2, SFB740 TP C5, FOR 2625 (JE164/14-1),
  NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence), the European Research Council Advanced Grant CYTOVOLION
  (ERC 294435) and the Prix Louis-Jeantet de Médecine to TJJ, and Peter and Traudl
  Engelhorn fellowship to ZF."
article_number: e103358
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefanie
  full_name: Weinert, Stefanie
  last_name: Weinert
- first_name: Niclas
  full_name: Gimber, Niclas
  last_name: Gimber
- first_name: Dorothea
  full_name: Deuschel, Dorothea
  last_name: Deuschel
- first_name: Till
  full_name: Stuhlmann, Till
  last_name: Stuhlmann
- first_name: Dmytro
  full_name: Puchkov, Dmytro
  last_name: Puchkov
- first_name: Zohreh
  full_name: Farsi, Zohreh
  last_name: Farsi
- first_name: Carmen F.
  full_name: Ludwig, Carmen F.
  last_name: Ludwig
- first_name: Gaia
  full_name: Novarino, Gaia
  id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Novarino
  orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
- first_name: Karen I.
  full_name: López-Cayuqueo, Karen I.
  last_name: López-Cayuqueo
- first_name: Rosa
  full_name: Planells-Cases, Rosa
  last_name: Planells-Cases
- first_name: Thomas J.
  full_name: Jentsch, Thomas J.
  last_name: Jentsch
citation:
  ama: Weinert S, Gimber N, Deuschel D, et al. Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton
    exchange causes severe neurodegeneration. <i>EMBO Journal</i>. 2020;39. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358">10.15252/embj.2019103358</a>
  apa: Weinert, S., Gimber, N., Deuschel, D., Stuhlmann, T., Puchkov, D., Farsi, Z.,
    … Jentsch, T. J. (2020). Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes
    severe neurodegeneration. <i>EMBO Journal</i>. EMBO Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358">https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358</a>
  chicago: Weinert, Stefanie, Niclas Gimber, Dorothea Deuschel, Till Stuhlmann, Dmytro
    Puchkov, Zohreh Farsi, Carmen F. Ludwig, et al. “Uncoupling Endosomal CLC Chloride/Proton
    Exchange Causes Severe Neurodegeneration.” <i>EMBO Journal</i>. EMBO Press, 2020.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358">https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358</a>.
  ieee: S. Weinert <i>et al.</i>, “Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange
    causes severe neurodegeneration,” <i>EMBO Journal</i>, vol. 39. EMBO Press, 2020.
  ista: Weinert S, Gimber N, Deuschel D, Stuhlmann T, Puchkov D, Farsi Z, Ludwig CF,
    Novarino G, López-Cayuqueo KI, Planells-Cases R, Jentsch TJ. 2020. Uncoupling
    endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration. EMBO Journal.
    39, e103358.
  mla: Weinert, Stefanie, et al. “Uncoupling Endosomal CLC Chloride/Proton Exchange
    Causes Severe Neurodegeneration.” <i>EMBO Journal</i>, vol. 39, e103358, EMBO
    Press, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019103358">10.15252/embj.2019103358</a>.
  short: S. Weinert, N. Gimber, D. Deuschel, T. Stuhlmann, D. Puchkov, Z. Farsi, C.F.
    Ludwig, G. Novarino, K.I. López-Cayuqueo, R. Planells-Cases, T.J. Jentsch, EMBO
    Journal 39 (2020).
date_created: 2020-03-15T23:00:55Z
date_published: 2020-03-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-18T07:07:36Z
day: '02'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.15252/embj.2019103358
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000517335000001'
  pmid:
  - '32118314'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 82750a7a93e3740decbce8474004111a
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2020-03-23T13:51:11Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:00Z
  file_id: '7615'
  file_name: 2020_EMBO_Weinert.pdf
  file_size: 12243278
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:00Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        39'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: EMBO Journal
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - '14602075'
  issn:
  - '02614189'
publication_status: published
publisher: EMBO Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Uncoupling endosomal CLC chloride/proton exchange causes severe neurodegeneration
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 39
year: '2020'
...