---
_id: '12587'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Surface energy-balance models are commonly used in conjunction with satellite
thermal imagery to estimate supraglacial debris thickness. Removing the need for
local meteorological data in the debris thickness estimation workflow could improve
the versatility and spatiotemporal application of debris thickness estimation.
We evaluate the use of regional reanalysis data to derive debris thickness for
two mountain glaciers using a surface energy-balance model. Results forced using
ERA-5 agree with AWS-derived estimates to within 0.01 ± 0.05 m for Miage Glacier,
Italy, and 0.01 ± 0.02 m for Khumbu Glacier, Nepal. ERA-5 data were then used
to estimate spatiotemporal changes in debris thickness over a ~20-year period
for Miage Glacier, Khumbu Glacier and Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland. We observe
significant increases in debris thickness at the terminus for Haut Glacier d'Arolla
and at the margins of the expanding debris cover at all glaciers. While simulated
debris thickness was underestimated compared to point measurements in areas of
thick debris, our approach can reconstruct glacier-scale debris thickness distribution
and its temporal evolution over multiple decades. We find significant changes
in debris thickness over areas of thin debris, areas susceptible to high ablation
rates, where current knowledge of debris evolution is limited.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Rebecca L.
full_name: Stewart, Rebecca L.
last_name: Stewart
- first_name: Matthew
full_name: Westoby, Matthew
last_name: Westoby
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Ann
full_name: Rowan, Ann
last_name: Rowan
- first_name: Darrel
full_name: Swift, Darrel
last_name: Swift
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Brock, Benjamin
last_name: Brock
- first_name: John
full_name: Woodward, John
last_name: Woodward
citation:
ama: Stewart RL, Westoby M, Pellicciotti F, et al. Using climate reanalysis data
in conjunction with multi-temporal satellite thermal imagery to derive supraglacial
debris thickness changes from energy-balance modelling. Journal of Glaciology.
2021;67(262):366-384. doi:10.1017/jog.2020.111
apa: Stewart, R. L., Westoby, M., Pellicciotti, F., Rowan, A., Swift, D., Brock,
B., & Woodward, J. (2021). Using climate reanalysis data in conjunction with
multi-temporal satellite thermal imagery to derive supraglacial debris thickness
changes from energy-balance modelling. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.111
chicago: Stewart, Rebecca L., Matthew Westoby, Francesca Pellicciotti, Ann Rowan,
Darrel Swift, Benjamin Brock, and John Woodward. “Using Climate Reanalysis Data
in Conjunction with Multi-Temporal Satellite Thermal Imagery to Derive Supraglacial
Debris Thickness Changes from Energy-Balance Modelling.” Journal of Glaciology.
Cambridge University Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.111.
ieee: R. L. Stewart et al., “Using climate reanalysis data in conjunction
with multi-temporal satellite thermal imagery to derive supraglacial debris thickness
changes from energy-balance modelling,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 67,
no. 262. Cambridge University Press, pp. 366–384, 2021.
ista: Stewart RL, Westoby M, Pellicciotti F, Rowan A, Swift D, Brock B, Woodward
J. 2021. Using climate reanalysis data in conjunction with multi-temporal satellite
thermal imagery to derive supraglacial debris thickness changes from energy-balance
modelling. Journal of Glaciology. 67(262), 366–384.
mla: Stewart, Rebecca L., et al. “Using Climate Reanalysis Data in Conjunction with
Multi-Temporal Satellite Thermal Imagery to Derive Supraglacial Debris Thickness
Changes from Energy-Balance Modelling.” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 67,
no. 262, Cambridge University Press, 2021, pp. 366–84, doi:10.1017/jog.2020.111.
short: R.L. Stewart, M. Westoby, F. Pellicciotti, A. Rowan, D. Swift, B. Brock,
J. Woodward, Journal of Glaciology 67 (2021) 366–384.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:11:42Z
date_published: 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:07:11Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2020.111
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 67'
issue: '262'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.111
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 366-384
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Using climate reanalysis data in conjunction with multi-temporal satellite
thermal imagery to derive supraglacial debris thickness changes from energy-balance
modelling
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 67
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12597'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We examine the spatial patterns of near-surface air temperature (Ta) over
a melting glacier using a multi-annual dataset from McCall Glacier, Alaska. The
dataset consists of a 10-year (2005–2014) meteorological record along the glacier
centreline up to an upper glacier cirque, spanning an elevation difference of
900 m. We test the validity of on-glacier linear lapse rates, and a model that
calculates Ta based on the influence of katabatic winds and other heat sources
along the glacier flow line. During the coldest hours of each summer (10% of time),
average lapse rates across the entire glacier range from −4.7 to −6.7°C km−1,
with a strong relationship between Ta and elevation (R2 > 0.7). During warm conditions,
Ta shows more complex, non-linear patterns that are better explained by the flow
line-dependent model, reducing errors by up to 0.5°C compared with linear lapse
rates, although more uncertainty might be associated with these observations due
to occasionally poor sensor ventilation. We conclude that Ta spatial distribution
can vary significantly from year to year, and from one glacier section to another.
Importantly, extrapolations using linear lapse rates from the ablation zone might
lead to large underestimations of Ta on the upper glacier areas.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Patrick
full_name: Troxler, Patrick
last_name: Troxler
- first_name: Álvaro
full_name: Ayala, Álvaro
last_name: Ayala
- first_name: Thomas E.
full_name: Shaw, Thomas E.
last_name: Shaw
- first_name: Matt
full_name: Nolan, Matt
last_name: Nolan
- first_name: Ben W.
full_name: Brock, Ben W.
last_name: Brock
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Troxler P, Ayala Á, Shaw TE, Nolan M, Brock BW, Pellicciotti F. Modelling spatial
patterns of near-surface air temperature over a decade of melt seasons on McCall
Glacier, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 2020;66(257):386-400. doi:10.1017/jog.2020.12
apa: Troxler, P., Ayala, Á., Shaw, T. E., Nolan, M., Brock, B. W., & Pellicciotti,
F. (2020). Modelling spatial patterns of near-surface air temperature over a decade
of melt seasons on McCall Glacier, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.12
chicago: Troxler, Patrick, Álvaro Ayala, Thomas E. Shaw, Matt Nolan, Ben W. Brock,
and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Modelling Spatial Patterns of Near-Surface Air Temperature
over a Decade of Melt Seasons on McCall Glacier, Alaska.” Journal of Glaciology.
Cambridge University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.12.
ieee: P. Troxler, Á. Ayala, T. E. Shaw, M. Nolan, B. W. Brock, and F. Pellicciotti,
“Modelling spatial patterns of near-surface air temperature over a decade of melt
seasons on McCall Glacier, Alaska,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 66, no.
257. Cambridge University Press, pp. 386–400, 2020.
ista: Troxler P, Ayala Á, Shaw TE, Nolan M, Brock BW, Pellicciotti F. 2020. Modelling
spatial patterns of near-surface air temperature over a decade of melt seasons
on McCall Glacier, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 66(257), 386–400.
mla: Troxler, Patrick, et al. “Modelling Spatial Patterns of Near-Surface Air Temperature
over a Decade of Melt Seasons on McCall Glacier, Alaska.” Journal of Glaciology,
vol. 66, no. 257, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 386–400, doi:10.1017/jog.2020.12.
short: P. Troxler, Á. Ayala, T.E. Shaw, M. Nolan, B.W. Brock, F. Pellicciotti, Journal
of Glaciology 66 (2020) 386–400.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:12:42Z
date_published: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:28:45Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2020.12
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 66'
issue: '257'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.12
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 386-400
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Modelling spatial patterns of near-surface air temperature over a decade of
melt seasons on McCall Glacier, Alaska
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 66
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '12601'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Ice cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers have received increased attention
due to their role in amplifying local melt. However, very few studies have looked
at these features on the catchment scale to determine their patterns and changes
in space and time. We have compiled a detailed inventory of cliffs and ponds in
the Langtang catchment, central Himalaya, from six high-resolution satellite orthoimages
and DEMs between 2006 and 2015, and a historic orthophoto from 1974. Cliffs cover
between 1.4% (± 0.4%) in the dry and 3.4% (± 0.9%) in the wet seasons and ponds
between 0.6% (± 0.1%) and 1.6% (± 0.3%) of the total debris-covered tongues. We
find large variations between seasons, as cliffs and ponds tend to grow in the
wetter monsoon period, but there is no obvious trend in total area over the study
period. The inventory further shows that cliffs are predominately north-facing
irrespective of the glacier flow direction. Both cliffs and ponds appear in higher
densities several hundred metres from the terminus in areas where tributaries
reach the main glacier tongue. On the largest glacier in the catchment ~10% of
all cliffs and ponds persisted over nearly a decade.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: JAKOB F.
full_name: STEINER, JAKOB F.
last_name: STEINER
- first_name: PASCAL
full_name: BURI, PASCAL
last_name: BURI
- first_name: EVAN S.
full_name: MILES, EVAN S.
last_name: MILES
- first_name: SILVAN
full_name: RAGETTLI, SILVAN
last_name: RAGETTLI
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: 'STEINER JF, BURI P, MILES ES, RAGETTLI S, Pellicciotti F. Supraglacial ice
cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers: Spatio-temporal distribution and
characteristics. Journal of Glaciology. 2019;65(252):617-632. doi:10.1017/jog.2019.40'
apa: 'STEINER, J. F., BURI, P., MILES, E. S., RAGETTLI, S., & Pellicciotti,
F. (2019). Supraglacial ice cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers: Spatio-temporal
distribution and characteristics. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University
Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.40'
chicago: 'STEINER, JAKOB F., PASCAL BURI, EVAN S. MILES, SILVAN RAGETTLI, and Francesca
Pellicciotti. “Supraglacial Ice Cliffs and Ponds on Debris-Covered Glaciers: Spatio-Temporal
Distribution and Characteristics.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University
Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.40.'
ieee: 'J. F. STEINER, P. BURI, E. S. MILES, S. RAGETTLI, and F. Pellicciotti, “Supraglacial
ice cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers: Spatio-temporal distribution
and characteristics,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 65, no. 252. Cambridge
University Press, pp. 617–632, 2019.'
ista: 'STEINER JF, BURI P, MILES ES, RAGETTLI S, Pellicciotti F. 2019. Supraglacial
ice cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers: Spatio-temporal distribution
and characteristics. Journal of Glaciology. 65(252), 617–632.'
mla: 'STEINER, JAKOB F., et al. “Supraglacial Ice Cliffs and Ponds on Debris-Covered
Glaciers: Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Characteristics.” Journal of Glaciology,
vol. 65, no. 252, Cambridge University Press, 2019, pp. 617–32, doi:10.1017/jog.2019.40.'
short: J.F. STEINER, P. BURI, E.S. MILES, S. RAGETTLI, F. Pellicciotti, Journal
of Glaciology 65 (2019) 617–632.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:13:03Z
date_published: 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:11:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2019.40
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 65'
issue: '252'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.40
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 617-632
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Supraglacial ice cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers: Spatio-temporal
distribution and characteristics'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 65
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '12608'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The spatio-temporal distribution of air temperature over mountain glaciers
can demonstrate complex patterns, yet it is often represented simplistically using
linear vertical temperature gradients (VTGs) extrapolated from off-glacier locations.
We analyse a network of centreline and lateral air temperature observations at
Tsanteleina Glacier, Italy, during summer 2015. On average, VTGs are steep (<−0.0065
°C m−1), but they are shallow under warm ambient conditions
when the correlation between air temperature and elevation becomes weaker. Published
along-flowline temperature distribution methods explain centreline observations
well, including warming on the lower glacier tongue, but cannot estimate lateral
temperature variability. Application of temperature distribution methods improves
simulation of melt rates (RMSE) in an energy-balance model by up to 36% compared
to the environmental lapse rate extrapolated from an off-glacier station. However,
results suggest that model parameters are not easily transferable to glaciers
with a small fetch without recalibration. Such methods have potential to improve
estimates of temperature across a glacier, but their parameter transferability
should be further linked to the glacier and atmospheric characteristics. Furthermore,
‘cold spots’, which can be >2°C cooler than expected for their elevation, whose
occurrence is not predicted by the temperature distribution models, are identified
at one-quarter of the measurement sites.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: THOMAS E.
full_name: SHAW, THOMAS E.
last_name: SHAW
- first_name: BEN W.
full_name: BROCK, BEN W.
last_name: BROCK
- first_name: ÁLVARO
full_name: AYALA, ÁLVARO
last_name: AYALA
- first_name: NICK
full_name: RUTTER, NICK
last_name: RUTTER
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: 'SHAW TE, BROCK BW, AYALA Á, RUTTER N, Pellicciotti F. Centreline and cross-glacier
air temperature variability on an Alpine glacier: Assessing temperature distribution
methods and their influence on melt model calculations. Journal of Glaciology.
2017;63(242):973-988. doi:10.1017/jog.2017.65'
apa: 'SHAW, T. E., BROCK, B. W., AYALA, Á., RUTTER, N., & Pellicciotti, F. (2017).
Centreline and cross-glacier air temperature variability on an Alpine glacier:
Assessing temperature distribution methods and their influence on melt model calculations.
Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.65'
chicago: 'SHAW, THOMAS E., BEN W. BROCK, ÁLVARO AYALA, NICK RUTTER, and Francesca
Pellicciotti. “Centreline and Cross-Glacier Air Temperature Variability on an
Alpine Glacier: Assessing Temperature Distribution Methods and Their Influence
on Melt Model Calculations.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University
Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.65.'
ieee: 'T. E. SHAW, B. W. BROCK, Á. AYALA, N. RUTTER, and F. Pellicciotti, “Centreline
and cross-glacier air temperature variability on an Alpine glacier: Assessing
temperature distribution methods and their influence on melt model calculations,”
Journal of Glaciology, vol. 63, no. 242. Cambridge University Press, pp.
973–988, 2017.'
ista: 'SHAW TE, BROCK BW, AYALA Á, RUTTER N, Pellicciotti F. 2017. Centreline and
cross-glacier air temperature variability on an Alpine glacier: Assessing temperature
distribution methods and their influence on melt model calculations. Journal of
Glaciology. 63(242), 973–988.'
mla: 'SHAW, THOMAS E., et al. “Centreline and Cross-Glacier Air Temperature Variability
on an Alpine Glacier: Assessing Temperature Distribution Methods and Their Influence
on Melt Model Calculations.” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 63, no. 242, Cambridge
University Press, 2017, pp. 973–88, doi:10.1017/jog.2017.65.'
short: T.E. SHAW, B.W. BROCK, Á. AYALA, N. RUTTER, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Glaciology
63 (2017) 973–988.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:13:47Z
date_published: 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T11:30:34Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2017.65
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 63'
issue: '242'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.65
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 973-988
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Centreline and cross-glacier air temperature variability on an Alpine glacier:
Assessing temperature distribution methods and their influence on melt model calculations'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 63
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '12609'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Previous estimates of melt and surface sublimation on glaciers of the subtropical
semiarid Andes (29–34°S) have been obtained at few specific locations, but it
is not clear how ablation components vary across the entire extent of a glacier
in this dry environment. Here, we simulate the distributed energy and mass balance
of Juncal Norte Glacier (33°S) during a 2-month summer period. Forcing fields
of near-surface air temperature and wind speed are generated using two methods
accounting for the main physical processes that shape their spatial variations.
Simulated meteorological variables and ablation agree well with observations on
the glacier tongue and reveal complex patterns of energy and mass fluxes. Ablation
decreases from 70 mm w.e. d−1 at the low-albedo glacier terminus
(~3000 m), where almost 100% of total ablation corresponds to melt, to <5 mm
w.e. d−1 at wind-exposed, strong-radiated sites above 5500
m, where surface sublimation represents >75% of total ablation. Our simulations
provide the first glacier-scale estimates of ablation components on a glacier
in the study region and better reproduce the observed and expected spatial variations
of melt and surface sublimation, in comparison with more simple assumptions, such
as linear gradients and uniform wind speeds.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: A.
full_name: AYALA, A.
last_name: AYALA
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: N.
full_name: PELEG, N.
last_name: PELEG
- first_name: P.
full_name: BURLANDO, P.
last_name: BURLANDO
citation:
ama: 'AYALA A, Pellicciotti F, PELEG N, BURLANDO P. Melt and surface sublimation
across a glacier in a dry environment: distributed energy-balance modelling of
Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile. Journal of Glaciology. 2017;63(241):803-822.
doi:10.1017/jog.2017.46'
apa: 'AYALA, A., Pellicciotti, F., PELEG, N., & BURLANDO, P. (2017). Melt and
surface sublimation across a glacier in a dry environment: distributed energy-balance
modelling of Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.46'
chicago: 'AYALA, A., Francesca Pellicciotti, N. PELEG, and P. BURLANDO. “Melt and
Surface Sublimation across a Glacier in a Dry Environment: Distributed Energy-Balance
Modelling of Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.46.'
ieee: 'A. AYALA, F. Pellicciotti, N. PELEG, and P. BURLANDO, “Melt and surface sublimation
across a glacier in a dry environment: distributed energy-balance modelling of
Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 63, no. 241.
Cambridge University Press, pp. 803–822, 2017.'
ista: 'AYALA A, Pellicciotti F, PELEG N, BURLANDO P. 2017. Melt and surface sublimation
across a glacier in a dry environment: distributed energy-balance modelling of
Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile. Journal of Glaciology. 63(241), 803–822.'
mla: 'AYALA, A., et al. “Melt and Surface Sublimation across a Glacier in a Dry
Environment: Distributed Energy-Balance Modelling of Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile.”
Journal of Glaciology, vol. 63, no. 241, Cambridge University Press, 2017,
pp. 803–22, doi:10.1017/jog.2017.46.'
short: A. AYALA, F. Pellicciotti, N. PELEG, P. BURLANDO, Journal of Glaciology 63
(2017) 803–822.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:13:53Z
date_published: 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T11:28:19Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2017.46
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 63'
issue: '241'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2017.46
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 803-822
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Melt and surface sublimation across a glacier in a dry environment: distributed
energy-balance modelling of Juncal Norte Glacier, Chile'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 63
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '12612'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Supraglacial ponds play a key role in absorbing atmospheric energy and directing
it to the ice of debris-covered glaciers, but the spatial and temporal distribution
of these features is not well documented. We analyse 172 Landsat TM/ETM+ scenes
for the period 1999–2013 to identify thawed supraglacial ponds for the debris-covered
tongues of five glaciers in the Langtang Valley of Nepal. We apply an advanced
atmospheric correction routine (Landcor/6S) and use band ratio and image morphological
techniques to identify ponds and validate our results with 2.5 m Cartosat-1 observations.
We then characterize the spatial, seasonal and interannual patterns of ponds.
We find high variability in pond incidence between glaciers (May–October means
of 0.08–1.69% of debris area), with ponds most frequent in zones of low surface
gradient and velocity. The ponds show pronounced seasonality, appearing in the
pre-monsoon as snow melts, peaking at the monsoon onset at 2% of debris-covered
area, then declining in the post-monsoon as ponds drain or freeze. Ponds are highly
recurrent and persistent, with 40.5% of pond locations occurring for multiple
years. Rather than a trend in pond cover over the study period, we find high interannual
variability for each glacier after controlling for seasonality.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: EVAN S.
full_name: MILES, EVAN S.
last_name: MILES
- first_name: IAN C.
full_name: WILLIS, IAN C.
last_name: WILLIS
- first_name: NEIL S.
full_name: ARNOLD, NEIL S.
last_name: ARNOLD
- first_name: JAKOB
full_name: STEINER, JAKOB
last_name: STEINER
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: MILES ES, WILLIS IC, ARNOLD NS, STEINER J, Pellicciotti F. Spatial, seasonal
and interannual variability of supraglacial ponds in the Langtang Valley of Nepal,
1999–2013. Journal of Glaciology. 2017;63(237):88-105. doi:10.1017/jog.2016.120
apa: MILES, E. S., WILLIS, I. C., ARNOLD, N. S., STEINER, J., & Pellicciotti,
F. (2017). Spatial, seasonal and interannual variability of supraglacial ponds
in the Langtang Valley of Nepal, 1999–2013. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.120
chicago: MILES, EVAN S., IAN C. WILLIS, NEIL S. ARNOLD, JAKOB STEINER, and Francesca
Pellicciotti. “Spatial, Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Supraglacial Ponds
in the Langtang Valley of Nepal, 1999–2013.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.120.
ieee: E. S. MILES, I. C. WILLIS, N. S. ARNOLD, J. STEINER, and F. Pellicciotti,
“Spatial, seasonal and interannual variability of supraglacial ponds in the Langtang
Valley of Nepal, 1999–2013,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 63, no. 237. Cambridge
University Press, pp. 88–105, 2017.
ista: MILES ES, WILLIS IC, ARNOLD NS, STEINER J, Pellicciotti F. 2017. Spatial,
seasonal and interannual variability of supraglacial ponds in the Langtang Valley
of Nepal, 1999–2013. Journal of Glaciology. 63(237), 88–105.
mla: MILES, EVAN S., et al. “Spatial, Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Supraglacial
Ponds in the Langtang Valley of Nepal, 1999–2013.” Journal of Glaciology,
vol. 63, no. 237, Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 88–105, doi:10.1017/jog.2016.120.
short: E.S. MILES, I.C. WILLIS, N.S. ARNOLD, J. STEINER, F. Pellicciotti, Journal
of Glaciology 63 (2017) 88–105.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:14:16Z
date_published: 2017-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T11:38:31Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2016.120
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 63'
issue: '237'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.120
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 88-105
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Spatial, seasonal and interannual variability of supraglacial ponds in the
Langtang Valley of Nepal, 1999–2013
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 63
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '12619'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Mass losses originating from supraglacial ice cliffs at the lower tongues
of debris-covered glaciers are a potentially large component of the mass balance,
but have rarely been quantified. In this study, we develop a method to estimate
ice cliff volume losses based on high-resolution topographic data derived from
terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry. We apply our method to six cliffs monitored
in May and October 2013 and 2014 using four different topographic datasets collected
over the debris-covered Lirung Glacier of the Nepalese Himalayas. During the monsoon,
the cliff mean backwasting rate was relatively consistent in 2013 (3.8 ± 0.3 cm
w.e. d−1) and more heterogeneous among cliffs in 2014 (3.1
± 0.7 cm w.e. d−1), and the geometric variations between
cliffs are larger. Their mean backwasting rate is significantly lower in winter
(October 2013–May 2014), at 1.0 ± 0.3 cm w.e. d−1. These
results are consistent with estimates of cliff ablation from an energy-balance
model developed in a previous study. The ice cliffs lose mass at rates six times
higher than estimates of glacier-wide melt under debris, which seems to confirm
that ice cliffs provide a large contribution to total glacier melt.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: FANNY
full_name: BRUN, FANNY
last_name: BRUN
- first_name: PASCAL
full_name: BURI, PASCAL
last_name: BURI
- first_name: EVAN S.
full_name: MILES, EVAN S.
last_name: MILES
- first_name: PATRICK
full_name: WAGNON, PATRICK
last_name: WAGNON
- first_name: JAKOB
full_name: STEINER, JAKOB
last_name: STEINER
- first_name: ETIENNE
full_name: BERTHIER, ETIENNE
last_name: BERTHIER
- first_name: SILVAN
full_name: RAGETTLI, SILVAN
last_name: RAGETTLI
- first_name: PHILIP
full_name: KRAAIJENBRINK, PHILIP
last_name: KRAAIJENBRINK
- first_name: WALTER W.
full_name: IMMERZEEL, WALTER W.
last_name: IMMERZEEL
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: BRUN F, BURI P, MILES ES, et al. Quantifying volume loss from ice cliffs on
debris-covered glaciers using high-resolution terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry.
Journal of Glaciology. 2016;62(234):684-695. doi:10.1017/jog.2016.54
apa: BRUN, F., BURI, P., MILES, E. S., WAGNON, P., STEINER, J., BERTHIER, E., …
Pellicciotti, F. (2016). Quantifying volume loss from ice cliffs on debris-covered
glaciers using high-resolution terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry. Journal
of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.54
chicago: BRUN, FANNY, PASCAL BURI, EVAN S. MILES, PATRICK WAGNON, JAKOB STEINER,
ETIENNE BERTHIER, SILVAN RAGETTLI, PHILIP KRAAIJENBRINK, WALTER W. IMMERZEEL,
and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Quantifying Volume Loss from Ice Cliffs on Debris-Covered
Glaciers Using High-Resolution Terrestrial and Aerial Photogrammetry.” Journal
of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.54.
ieee: F. BRUN et al., “Quantifying volume loss from ice cliffs on debris-covered
glaciers using high-resolution terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry,” Journal
of Glaciology, vol. 62, no. 234. Cambridge University Press, pp. 684–695,
2016.
ista: BRUN F, BURI P, MILES ES, WAGNON P, STEINER J, BERTHIER E, RAGETTLI S, KRAAIJENBRINK
P, IMMERZEEL WW, Pellicciotti F. 2016. Quantifying volume loss from ice cliffs
on debris-covered glaciers using high-resolution terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry.
Journal of Glaciology. 62(234), 684–695.
mla: BRUN, FANNY, et al. “Quantifying Volume Loss from Ice Cliffs on Debris-Covered
Glaciers Using High-Resolution Terrestrial and Aerial Photogrammetry.” Journal
of Glaciology, vol. 62, no. 234, Cambridge University Press, 2016, pp. 684–95,
doi:10.1017/jog.2016.54.
short: F. BRUN, P. BURI, E.S. MILES, P. WAGNON, J. STEINER, E. BERTHIER, S. RAGETTLI,
P. KRAAIJENBRINK, W.W. IMMERZEEL, F. Pellicciotti, Journal of Glaciology 62 (2016)
684–695.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:15:06Z
date_published: 2016-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T10:36:55Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2016.54
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 62'
issue: '234'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.54
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 684-695
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Quantifying volume loss from ice cliffs on debris-covered glaciers using high-resolution
terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 62
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '12621'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Near-surface air temperature is an important determinant of the surface energy
balance of glaciers and is often represented by a constant linear temperature
gradients (TGs) in models. Spatio-temporal variability in 2 m air temperature
was measured across the debris-covered Miage Glacier, Italy, over an 89 d period
during the 2014 ablation season using a network of 19 stations. Air temperature
was found to be strongly dependent upon elevation for most stations, even under
varying meteorological conditions and at different times of day, and its spatial
variability was well explained by a locally derived mean linear TG (MG–TG) of
−0.0088°C m−1. However, local temperature depressions occurred over areas of very
thin or patchy debris cover. The MG–TG, together with other air TGs, extrapolated
from both on- and off-glacier sites, were applied in a distributed energy-balance
model. Compared with piecewise air temperature extrapolation from all on-glacier
stations, modelled ablation, using the MG–TG, increased by <1%, increasing to
>4% using the environmental ‘lapse rate’. Ice melt under thick debris was relatively
insensitive to air temperature, while the effects of different temperature extrapolation
methods were strongest at high elevation sites of thin and patchy debris cover.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: THOMAS E.
full_name: SHAW, THOMAS E.
last_name: SHAW
- first_name: BEN W.
full_name: BROCK, BEN W.
last_name: BROCK
- first_name: CATRIONA L.
full_name: FYFFE, CATRIONA L.
last_name: FYFFE
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: NICK
full_name: RUTTER, NICK
last_name: RUTTER
- first_name: FABRIZIO
full_name: DIOTRI, FABRIZIO
last_name: DIOTRI
citation:
ama: SHAW TE, BROCK BW, FYFFE CL, Pellicciotti F, RUTTER N, DIOTRI F. Air temperature
distribution and energy-balance modelling of a debris-covered glacier. Journal
of Glaciology. 2016;62(231):185-198. doi:10.1017/jog.2016.31
apa: SHAW, T. E., BROCK, B. W., FYFFE, C. L., Pellicciotti, F., RUTTER, N., &
DIOTRI, F. (2016). Air temperature distribution and energy-balance modelling of
a debris-covered glacier. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.31
chicago: SHAW, THOMAS E., BEN W. BROCK, CATRIONA L. FYFFE, Francesca Pellicciotti,
NICK RUTTER, and FABRIZIO DIOTRI. “Air Temperature Distribution and Energy-Balance
Modelling of a Debris-Covered Glacier.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge
University Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.31.
ieee: T. E. SHAW, B. W. BROCK, C. L. FYFFE, F. Pellicciotti, N. RUTTER, and F. DIOTRI,
“Air temperature distribution and energy-balance modelling of a debris-covered
glacier,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 62, no. 231. Cambridge University
Press, pp. 185–198, 2016.
ista: SHAW TE, BROCK BW, FYFFE CL, Pellicciotti F, RUTTER N, DIOTRI F. 2016. Air
temperature distribution and energy-balance modelling of a debris-covered glacier.
Journal of Glaciology. 62(231), 185–198.
mla: SHAW, THOMAS E., et al. “Air Temperature Distribution and Energy-Balance Modelling
of a Debris-Covered Glacier.” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 62, no. 231,
Cambridge University Press, 2016, pp. 185–98, doi:10.1017/jog.2016.31.
short: T.E. SHAW, B.W. BROCK, C.L. FYFFE, F. Pellicciotti, N. RUTTER, F. DIOTRI,
Journal of Glaciology 62 (2016) 185–198.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:15:17Z
date_published: 2016-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T10:30:03Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1017/jog.2016.31
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 62'
issue: '231'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.31
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 185-198
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Air temperature distribution and energy-balance modelling of a debris-covered
glacier
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 62
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '12626'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Ice cliffs have been identified as a reason for higher ablation rates on debris-covered
glaciers than are implied by the insulation effects of the debris. This study
aims to improve our understanding of cliff backwasting, and the role of radiative
fluxes in particular. An energy-balance model is forced with new data gathered
in May and October 2013 on Lirung Glacier, Nepalese Himalaya. Observations show
substantial variability in melt between cliffs, between locations on any cliff
and between seasons. Using a high-resolution digital elevation model we calculate
longwave fluxes incident to the cliff from surrounding terrain and include the
effect of local shading on shortwave radiation. This is an advance over previous
studies, that made simplified assumptions on cliff geometry and radiative fluxes.
Measured melt rates varied between 3.25 and 8.6 cm d−1 in May and 0.18 and 1.34
cm d−1 in October. Model results reproduce the strong variability in space and
time, suggesting considerable differences in radiative fluxes over one cliff.
In October the model fails to reproduce stake readings, probably due to the lack
of a refreezing component. Disregarding local topography can lead to overestimation
of melt at the point scale by up to ∼9%.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jakob F.
full_name: Steiner, Jakob F.
last_name: Steiner
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Pascal
full_name: Buri, Pascal
last_name: Buri
- first_name: Evan S.
full_name: Miles, Evan S.
last_name: Miles
- first_name: Walter W.
full_name: Immerzeel, Walter W.
last_name: Immerzeel
- first_name: Tim D.
full_name: Reid, Tim D.
last_name: Reid
citation:
ama: Steiner JF, Pellicciotti F, Buri P, Miles ES, Immerzeel WW, Reid TD. Modelling
ice-cliff backwasting on a debris-covered glacier in the Nepalese Himalaya. Journal
of Glaciology. 2015;61(229):889-907. doi:10.3189/2015jog14j194
apa: Steiner, J. F., Pellicciotti, F., Buri, P., Miles, E. S., Immerzeel, W. W.,
& Reid, T. D. (2015). Modelling ice-cliff backwasting on a debris-covered
glacier in the Nepalese Himalaya. Journal of Glaciology. International
Glaciological Society. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015jog14j194
chicago: Steiner, Jakob F., Francesca Pellicciotti, Pascal Buri, Evan S. Miles,
Walter W. Immerzeel, and Tim D. Reid. “Modelling Ice-Cliff Backwasting on a Debris-Covered
Glacier in the Nepalese Himalaya.” Journal of Glaciology. International
Glaciological Society, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015jog14j194.
ieee: J. F. Steiner, F. Pellicciotti, P. Buri, E. S. Miles, W. W. Immerzeel, and
T. D. Reid, “Modelling ice-cliff backwasting on a debris-covered glacier in the
Nepalese Himalaya,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 61, no. 229. International
Glaciological Society, pp. 889–907, 2015.
ista: Steiner JF, Pellicciotti F, Buri P, Miles ES, Immerzeel WW, Reid TD. 2015.
Modelling ice-cliff backwasting on a debris-covered glacier in the Nepalese Himalaya.
Journal of Glaciology. 61(229), 889–907.
mla: Steiner, Jakob F., et al. “Modelling Ice-Cliff Backwasting on a Debris-Covered
Glacier in the Nepalese Himalaya.” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 61, no.
229, International Glaciological Society, 2015, pp. 889–907, doi:10.3189/2015jog14j194.
short: J.F. Steiner, F. Pellicciotti, P. Buri, E.S. Miles, W.W. Immerzeel, T.D.
Reid, Journal of Glaciology 61 (2015) 889–907.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:16:01Z
date_published: 2015-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T09:43:14Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3189/2015jog14j194
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 61'
issue: '229'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/2015JoG14J194
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 889-907
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: International Glaciological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Modelling ice-cliff backwasting on a debris-covered glacier in the Nepalese
Himalaya
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 61
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '12627'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Spatial evolution of supraglacial debris cover on mountain glaciers is a largely
unmonitored and poorly understood phenomenon that directly affects glacier melt.
Supraglacial debris cover for 93 glaciers in the Karakoram, northern Pakistan,
was mapped from Landsat imagery acquired in 1977, 1998, 2009 and 2014. Surge-type
glaciers occupy 41% of the study area and were considered separately. The time
series of debris-covered surface area change shows a mean value of zero or near-zero
change for both surging and non-surging glaciers. An increase in debris-covered
area is often associated with negative regional mass balances. We extend this
logic to suggest that the stable regional mass balances in the Karakoram explain
the zero or near-zero change in debris-covered area. This coupling of trends combined
with our 37 year time series of data suggests the Karakoram anomaly extends further
back in time than previously known.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sam
full_name: Herreid, Sam
last_name: Herreid
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Alvaro
full_name: Ayala, Alvaro
last_name: Ayala
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Chesnokova, Anna
last_name: Chesnokova
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Kienholz, Christian
last_name: Kienholz
- first_name: Joseph
full_name: Shea, Joseph
last_name: Shea
- first_name: Arun
full_name: Shrestha, Arun
last_name: Shrestha
citation:
ama: Herreid S, Pellicciotti F, Ayala A, et al. Satellite observations show no net
change in the percentage of supraglacial debris-covered area in northern Pakistan
from 1977 to 2014. Journal of Glaciology. 2015;61(227):524-536. doi:10.3189/2015jog14j227
apa: Herreid, S., Pellicciotti, F., Ayala, A., Chesnokova, A., Kienholz, C., Shea,
J., & Shrestha, A. (2015). Satellite observations show no net change in the
percentage of supraglacial debris-covered area in northern Pakistan from 1977
to 2014. Journal of Glaciology. International Glaciological Society. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015jog14j227
chicago: Herreid, Sam, Francesca Pellicciotti, Alvaro Ayala, Anna Chesnokova, Christian
Kienholz, Joseph Shea, and Arun Shrestha. “Satellite Observations Show No Net
Change in the Percentage of Supraglacial Debris-Covered Area in Northern Pakistan
from 1977 to 2014.” Journal of Glaciology. International Glaciological
Society, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015jog14j227.
ieee: S. Herreid et al., “Satellite observations show no net change in the
percentage of supraglacial debris-covered area in northern Pakistan from 1977
to 2014,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 61, no. 227. International Glaciological
Society, pp. 524–536, 2015.
ista: Herreid S, Pellicciotti F, Ayala A, Chesnokova A, Kienholz C, Shea J, Shrestha
A. 2015. Satellite observations show no net change in the percentage of supraglacial
debris-covered area in northern Pakistan from 1977 to 2014. Journal of Glaciology.
61(227), 524–536.
mla: Herreid, Sam, et al. “Satellite Observations Show No Net Change in the Percentage
of Supraglacial Debris-Covered Area in Northern Pakistan from 1977 to 2014.” Journal
of Glaciology, vol. 61, no. 227, International Glaciological Society, 2015,
pp. 524–36, doi:10.3189/2015jog14j227.
short: S. Herreid, F. Pellicciotti, A. Ayala, A. Chesnokova, C. Kienholz, J. Shea,
A. Shrestha, Journal of Glaciology 61 (2015) 524–536.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:16:06Z
date_published: 2015-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T09:40:30Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3189/2015jog14j227
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 61'
issue: '227'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/2015JoG14J227
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 524-536
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: International Glaciological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Satellite observations show no net change in the percentage of supraglacial
debris-covered area in northern Pakistan from 1977 to 2014
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 61
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '12628'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Thick debris cover on glaciers can significantly reduce ice melt. However,
several studies have suggested that debris-covered glaciers in the Himalaya might
have lost mass at a rate similar to debris-free glaciers. We reconstruct elevation
and mass changes for the debris-covered glaciers of the upper Langtang valley,
Nepalese Himalaya, using a digital elevation model (DEM) from 1974 stereo Hexagon
satellite data and the 2000 SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEM. Uncertainties
are high in the accumulation areas, due to data gaps in the SRTM and difficulties
with delineation of the glacier borders. Even with these uncertainties, we obtain
thinning rates comparable to those of several other studies in the Himalaya. In
particular, we obtain a total mass balance for the investigated debris-covered
glaciers of the basin of –0.32 ± 0.18 m w.e. a−1. However,
there are major spatial differences both between glaciers and within any single
glacier, exhibiting a very distinct nonlinear mass-balance profile with elevation.
Through analysis of surface velocities derived from Landsat ETM+ imagery, we show
that thinning occurs in areas of low velocity and low slope. These areas are prone
to a general, dynamic decay of surface features and to the development of supraglacial
lakes and ice cliffs, which may be responsible for a considerable increase in
overall glacier ablation.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Christa
full_name: Stephan, Christa
last_name: Stephan
- first_name: Evan
full_name: Miles, Evan
last_name: Miles
- first_name: Sam
full_name: Herreid, Sam
last_name: Herreid
- first_name: Walter W.
full_name: Immerzeel, Walter W.
last_name: Immerzeel
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Bolch, Tobias
last_name: Bolch
citation:
ama: Pellicciotti F, Stephan C, Miles E, Herreid S, Immerzeel WW, Bolch T. Mass-balance
changes of the debris-covered glaciers in the Langtang Himal, Nepal, from 1974
to 1999. Journal of Glaciology. 2015;61(226):373-386. doi:10.3189/2015jog13j237
apa: Pellicciotti, F., Stephan, C., Miles, E., Herreid, S., Immerzeel, W. W., &
Bolch, T. (2015). Mass-balance changes of the debris-covered glaciers in the Langtang
Himal, Nepal, from 1974 to 1999. Journal of Glaciology. International Glaciological
Society. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015jog13j237
chicago: Pellicciotti, Francesca, Christa Stephan, Evan Miles, Sam Herreid, Walter
W. Immerzeel, and Tobias Bolch. “Mass-Balance Changes of the Debris-Covered Glaciers
in the Langtang Himal, Nepal, from 1974 to 1999.” Journal of Glaciology.
International Glaciological Society, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3189/2015jog13j237.
ieee: F. Pellicciotti, C. Stephan, E. Miles, S. Herreid, W. W. Immerzeel, and T.
Bolch, “Mass-balance changes of the debris-covered glaciers in the Langtang Himal,
Nepal, from 1974 to 1999,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 61, no. 226. International
Glaciological Society, pp. 373–386, 2015.
ista: Pellicciotti F, Stephan C, Miles E, Herreid S, Immerzeel WW, Bolch T. 2015.
Mass-balance changes of the debris-covered glaciers in the Langtang Himal, Nepal,
from 1974 to 1999. Journal of Glaciology. 61(226), 373–386.
mla: Pellicciotti, Francesca, et al. “Mass-Balance Changes of the Debris-Covered
Glaciers in the Langtang Himal, Nepal, from 1974 to 1999.” Journal of Glaciology,
vol. 61, no. 226, International Glaciological Society, 2015, pp. 373–86, doi:10.3189/2015jog13j237.
short: F. Pellicciotti, C. Stephan, E. Miles, S. Herreid, W.W. Immerzeel, T. Bolch,
Journal of Glaciology 61 (2015) 373–386.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:16:11Z
date_published: 2015-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T09:35:21Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3189/2015jog13j237
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 61'
issue: '226'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/2015JoG13J237
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 373-386
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: International Glaciological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Mass-balance changes of the debris-covered glaciers in the Langtang Himal,
Nepal, from 1974 to 1999
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 61
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '12632'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigate the performance of five glacier melt models over a multi-decadal
period in order to assess their ability to model future glacier response. The
models range from a simple degree-day model, based solely on air temperature,
to more-sophisticated models, including the full shortwave radiation balance.
In addition to the empirical models, the performance of a physically based energy-balance
(EB) model is examined. The melt models are coupled to an accumulation and a surface
evolution model and applied in a distributed manner to Rhonegletscher, Switzerland,
over the period 1929–2012 at hourly resolution. For calibration, seasonal mass-balance
measurements (2006–12) are used. Decadal ice volume changes for six periods in
the years 1929–2012 serve for model validation. Over the period 2006–12, there
are almost no differences in performance between the models, except for EB, which
is less consistent with observations, likely due to lack of meteorological in
situ data. However, simulations over the long term (1929–2012) reveal that models
which include a separate term for shortwave radiation agree best with the observed
ice volume changes, indicating that their melt relationships are robust in time
and thus suitable for long-term modelling, in contrast to more empirical approaches
that are oversensitive to temperature fluctuations.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jeannette
full_name: Gabbi, Jeannette
last_name: Gabbi
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Carenzo, Marco
last_name: Carenzo
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Bauder, Andreas
last_name: Bauder
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Funk, Martin
last_name: Funk
citation:
ama: Gabbi J, Carenzo M, Pellicciotti F, Bauder A, Funk M. A comparison of empirical
and physically based glacier surface melt models for long-term simulations of
glacier response. Journal of Glaciology. 2014;60(224):1140-1154. doi:10.3189/2014jog14j011
apa: Gabbi, J., Carenzo, M., Pellicciotti, F., Bauder, A., & Funk, M. (2014).
A comparison of empirical and physically based glacier surface melt models for
long-term simulations of glacier response. Journal of Glaciology. International
Glaciological Society. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014jog14j011
chicago: Gabbi, Jeannette, Marco Carenzo, Francesca Pellicciotti, Andreas Bauder,
and Martin Funk. “A Comparison of Empirical and Physically Based Glacier Surface
Melt Models for Long-Term Simulations of Glacier Response.” Journal of Glaciology.
International Glaciological Society, 2014. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014jog14j011.
ieee: J. Gabbi, M. Carenzo, F. Pellicciotti, A. Bauder, and M. Funk, “A comparison
of empirical and physically based glacier surface melt models for long-term simulations
of glacier response,” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 60, no. 224. International
Glaciological Society, pp. 1140–1154, 2014.
ista: Gabbi J, Carenzo M, Pellicciotti F, Bauder A, Funk M. 2014. A comparison of
empirical and physically based glacier surface melt models for long-term simulations
of glacier response. Journal of Glaciology. 60(224), 1140–1154.
mla: Gabbi, Jeannette, et al. “A Comparison of Empirical and Physically Based Glacier
Surface Melt Models for Long-Term Simulations of Glacier Response.” Journal
of Glaciology, vol. 60, no. 224, International Glaciological Society, 2014,
pp. 1140–54, doi:10.3189/2014jog14j011.
short: J. Gabbi, M. Carenzo, F. Pellicciotti, A. Bauder, M. Funk, Journal of Glaciology
60 (2014) 1140–1154.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:16:34Z
date_published: 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T08:56:35Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3189/2014jog14j011
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 60'
issue: '224'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/2014JoG14J011
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1140-1154
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: International Glaciological Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A comparison of empirical and physically based glacier surface melt models
for long-term simulations of glacier response
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 60
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '12652'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We explore the robustness and transferability of parameterizations of cloud
radiative forcing used in glacier melt models at two sites in the Swiss Alps.
We also look at the rationale behind some of the most commonly used approaches,
and explore the relationship between cloud transmittance and several standard
meteorological variables. The 2 m air-temperature diurnal range is the best predictor
of variations in cloud transmittance. However, linear and exponential parameterizations
can only explain 30–50% of the observed variance in computed cloud transmittance
factors. We examine the impact of modelled cloud transmittance factors on both
solar radiation and ablation rates computed with an enhanced temperature-index
model. The melt model performance decreases when modelled radiation is used, the
reduction being due to an underestimation of incoming solar radiation on clear-sky
days. The model works well under overcast conditions. We also seek alternatives
to the use of in situ ground data. However, outputs from an atmospheric model
(2.2 km horizontal resolution) do not seem to provide an alternative to the parameterizations
of cloud radiative forcing based on observations of air temperature at glacier
automatic weather stations. Conversely, the correct definition of overcast conditions
is important.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Raschle, Thomas
last_name: Raschle
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Huerlimann, Thomas
last_name: Huerlimann
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Carenzo, Marco
last_name: Carenzo
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
citation:
ama: 'Pellicciotti F, Raschle T, Huerlimann T, Carenzo M, Burlando P. Transmission
of solar radiation through clouds on melting glaciers: A comparison of parameterizations
and their impact on melt modelling. Journal of Glaciology. 2011;57(202):367-381.
doi:10.3189/002214311796406013'
apa: 'Pellicciotti, F., Raschle, T., Huerlimann, T., Carenzo, M., & Burlando,
P. (2011). Transmission of solar radiation through clouds on melting glaciers:
A comparison of parameterizations and their impact on melt modelling. Journal
of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3189/002214311796406013'
chicago: 'Pellicciotti, Francesca, Thomas Raschle, Thomas Huerlimann, Marco Carenzo,
and Paolo Burlando. “Transmission of Solar Radiation through Clouds on Melting
Glaciers: A Comparison of Parameterizations and Their Impact on Melt Modelling.”
Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press, 2011. https://doi.org/10.3189/002214311796406013.'
ieee: 'F. Pellicciotti, T. Raschle, T. Huerlimann, M. Carenzo, and P. Burlando,
“Transmission of solar radiation through clouds on melting glaciers: A comparison
of parameterizations and their impact on melt modelling,” Journal of Glaciology,
vol. 57, no. 202. Cambridge University Press, pp. 367–381, 2011.'
ista: 'Pellicciotti F, Raschle T, Huerlimann T, Carenzo M, Burlando P. 2011. Transmission
of solar radiation through clouds on melting glaciers: A comparison of parameterizations
and their impact on melt modelling. Journal of Glaciology. 57(202), 367–381.'
mla: 'Pellicciotti, Francesca, et al. “Transmission of Solar Radiation through Clouds
on Melting Glaciers: A Comparison of Parameterizations and Their Impact on Melt
Modelling.” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 57, no. 202, Cambridge University
Press, 2011, pp. 367–81, doi:10.3189/002214311796406013.'
short: F. Pellicciotti, T. Raschle, T. Huerlimann, M. Carenzo, P. Burlando, Journal
of Glaciology 57 (2011) 367–381.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:18:21Z
date_published: 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T09:47:00Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3189/002214311796406013
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 57'
issue: '202'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/002214311796406013
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 367-381
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Transmission of solar radiation through clouds on melting glaciers: A comparison
of parameterizations and their impact on melt modelling'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 57
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '12654'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We investigate the transferability of an enhanced temperature-index melt
model that was developed and tested on Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland, in
the 2001 season. The model’s empirical parameters (temperature factor, TF, and
shortwave radiation factor, SRF) are recalibrated for: (1) other locations on
Haut Glacier d’Arolla; (2) subperiods of distinct meteorological conditions; (3)
different years on Haut Glacier d’Arolla; and (4) other glaciers in different
years. The model parameters are optimized against simulations of an energy-balance
model validated against ablation observations. Results are compared with those
obtained with the original parameters. The model works very well when applied
to other sites, seasons and glaciers, with the exception of overcast conditions.
Differences are due to underestimation of high melt rates. The parameter values
are associated with the prevailing energy-balance conditions, showing that high
SRF are obtained on clear-sky days, whereas higher TF are typical of locations
where glacier winds prevail and turbulent fluxes are high. We also provide a range
of parameters clearly associated with the site’s location and its meteorological
characteristics that could help to assign parameter values to sites where few
data are available.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Carenzo, Marco
last_name: Carenzo
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Rimkus, Stefan
last_name: Rimkus
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
citation:
ama: Carenzo M, Pellicciotti F, Rimkus S, Burlando P. Assessing the transferability
and robustness of an enhanced temperature-index glacier-melt model. Journal
of Glaciology. 2009;55(190):258-274. doi:10.3189/002214309788608804
apa: Carenzo, M., Pellicciotti, F., Rimkus, S., & Burlando, P. (2009). Assessing
the transferability and robustness of an enhanced temperature-index glacier-melt
model. Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788608804
chicago: Carenzo, Marco, Francesca Pellicciotti, Stefan Rimkus, and Paolo Burlando.
“Assessing the Transferability and Robustness of an Enhanced Temperature-Index
Glacier-Melt Model.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press,
2009. https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788608804.
ieee: M. Carenzo, F. Pellicciotti, S. Rimkus, and P. Burlando, “Assessing the transferability
and robustness of an enhanced temperature-index glacier-melt model,” Journal
of Glaciology, vol. 55, no. 190. Cambridge University Press, pp. 258–274,
2009.
ista: Carenzo M, Pellicciotti F, Rimkus S, Burlando P. 2009. Assessing the transferability
and robustness of an enhanced temperature-index glacier-melt model. Journal of
Glaciology. 55(190), 258–274.
mla: Carenzo, Marco, et al. “Assessing the Transferability and Robustness of an
Enhanced Temperature-Index Glacier-Melt Model.” Journal of Glaciology,
vol. 55, no. 190, Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. 258–74, doi:10.3189/002214309788608804.
short: M. Carenzo, F. Pellicciotti, S. Rimkus, P. Burlando, Journal of Glaciology
55 (2009) 258–274.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:18:34Z
date_published: 2009-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T09:06:27Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.3189/002214309788608804
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 55'
issue: '190'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/002214309788608804
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 258-274
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Assessing the transferability and robustness of an enhanced temperature-index
glacier-melt model
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 55
year: '2009'
...
---
_id: '12657'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: An enhanced temperature-index glacier melt model, incorporating incoming shortwave
radiation and albedo, is presented. The model is an attempt to combine the high
temporal resolution and accuracy of physically based melt models with the lower
data requirements and computational simplicity of empirical melt models, represented
by the ‘degree-day’ method and its variants. The model is run with both measured
and modelled radiation data, to test its applicability to glaciers with differing
data availability. Five automatic weather stations were established on Haut Glacier
d’Arolla, Switzerland, between May and September 2001. Reference surface melt
rates were calculated using a physically based energy-balance melt model. The
performance of the enhanced temperature-index model was tested at each of the
four validation stations by comparing predicted hourly melt rates with reference
melt rates. Predictions made with three other temperature-index models were evaluated
in the same way for comparison. The enhanced temperature-index model offers significant
improvements over the other temperature-index models, and accounts for 90–95%
of the variation in the reference melt rate. The improvement is lower, but still
significant, when the model is forced by modelled shortwave radiation data, thus
offering a better alternative to existing models that require only temperature
data input.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Ben
full_name: Brock, Ben
last_name: Brock
- first_name: Ulrich
full_name: Strasser, Ulrich
last_name: Strasser
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Funk, Martin
last_name: Funk
- first_name: Javier
full_name: Corripio, Javier
last_name: Corripio
citation:
ama: 'Pellicciotti F, Brock B, Strasser U, Burlando P, Funk M, Corripio J. An enhanced
temperature-index glacier melt model including the shortwave radiation balance:
Development and testing for Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland. Journal of
Glaciology. 2005;51(175):573-587. doi:10.3189/172756505781829124'
apa: 'Pellicciotti, F., Brock, B., Strasser, U., Burlando, P., Funk, M., & Corripio,
J. (2005). An enhanced temperature-index glacier melt model including the shortwave
radiation balance: Development and testing for Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland.
Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829124'
chicago: 'Pellicciotti, Francesca, Ben Brock, Ulrich Strasser, Paolo Burlando, Martin
Funk, and Javier Corripio. “An Enhanced Temperature-Index Glacier Melt Model Including
the Shortwave Radiation Balance: Development and Testing for Haut Glacier d’Arolla,
Switzerland.” Journal of Glaciology. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829124.'
ieee: 'F. Pellicciotti, B. Brock, U. Strasser, P. Burlando, M. Funk, and J. Corripio,
“An enhanced temperature-index glacier melt model including the shortwave radiation
balance: Development and testing for Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland,” Journal
of Glaciology, vol. 51, no. 175. Cambridge University Press, pp. 573–587,
2005.'
ista: 'Pellicciotti F, Brock B, Strasser U, Burlando P, Funk M, Corripio J. 2005.
An enhanced temperature-index glacier melt model including the shortwave radiation
balance: Development and testing for Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland. Journal
of Glaciology. 51(175), 573–587.'
mla: 'Pellicciotti, Francesca, et al. “An Enhanced Temperature-Index Glacier Melt
Model Including the Shortwave Radiation Balance: Development and Testing for Haut
Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland.” Journal of Glaciology, vol. 51, no. 175,
Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 573–87, doi:10.3189/172756505781829124.'
short: F. Pellicciotti, B. Brock, U. Strasser, P. Burlando, M. Funk, J. Corripio,
Journal of Glaciology 51 (2005) 573–587.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:18:51Z
date_published: 2005-10-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-20T08:45:37Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.3189/172756505781829124
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 51'
issue: '175'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829124
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 573-587
publication: Journal of Glaciology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1727-5652
issn:
- 0022-1430
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'An enhanced temperature-index glacier melt model including the shortwave radiation
balance: Development and testing for Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 51
year: '2005'
...